WO2019176448A1

WO2019176448A1 - Information display device

Info

Publication number: WO2019176448A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/005747
Authority: WO
Inventors: 平田　浩二; 昭央三沢; 卓見中田
Original assignee: マクセル株式会社
Priority date: 2018-03-15
Filing date: 2019-02-18
Publication date: 2019-09-19
Also published as: JP2019159207A

Abstract

Provided is an information display device that considers a relationship between vehicle travel speed and stopping distance to reduce movement of a driver's viewpoint and to enable safer driving. This information display device displays image information in a vehicle, wherein the information display device comprises a HUD device disposed between a windshield of the vehicle and an installment panel of the vehicle, the HUD device has a virtual image optical system that causes a virtual image of the image information to be displayed at the front of the vehicle by reflecting light emitted from the HUD device displaying the image information off the windshield, and the display position of the virtual image is set in correspondence with the travel speed of the vehicle.

Description

Information display device

The present invention relates to an information display device for projecting an image on a windshield of a vehicle, on which a person such as an automobile, a train or an aircraft moves.

A so-called head-up display (HUD: Head) that projects image light on the windshield of a car to form a virtual image and displays traffic information such as route information and traffic jam information and car information such as fuel remaining amount and cooling water temperature -Up-Display) device is already known from, for example, Patent Document 1 below, and the HUD device main body is disposed between the steering in front of the driver's seat and the window glass, so that downsizing is desired.

In this type of information display device, for the purpose of facilitating recognition of information by the driver, a virtual image is formed at a plurality of positions according to the driver's visual recognition position, that is, the distance at which the virtual image is formed is determined by the driver. It is required to be matched with the viewing position. For this reason, as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 2 below, there is an apparatus that forms an image at a distance (far distance) and a vicinity (short distance) from the driver.

JP 2009-229552 A JP 2015-34919 A

In the above-described conventional HUD device, image light is projected onto the windshield of an automobile to form a virtual image and provide various types of information to the driver. However, big data (high accuracy), which is the next generation technology, is provided. The provision of information that takes into account the large screen using 3D map information) and AI information (predictive danger information, etc.) has not yet been fully considered. Therefore, as will be described in detail later, there is still room for improvement from the viewpoint of improving the safety by reducing the movement of the viewpoint of the driver, and for setting the virtual image display position to the optimum position. The structure of the HUD device (in particular, the increase in the set volume of the HUD) has not been fully considered.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a video display device capable of displaying information that makes the viewer's viewpoint movement more smooth in consideration of the relationship between the traveling speed of the vehicle and the stop distance.

In view of the above-described background art and problems, the present invention is an information display device that displays video information on a vehicle, and is disposed between the windshield of the vehicle and the instrument panel of the vehicle. A virtual image optical system that displays a virtual image of the video information in front of the vehicle by reflecting light emitted from the HUD device that displays the video information by the windshield. There is provided an information display device having a system and configured to set the display position of the virtual image corresponding to the traveling speed of the vehicle.

According to the present invention, the display of information in consideration of the relationship between the traveling speed of the vehicle and the stop distance reduces the driver's viewpoint movement, thereby enabling safer driving. In particular, when applied to so-called alert display (information), which is information for warning the presence of a pedestrian in front of the vehicle or the preceding vehicle, it is possible to detect dangerous objects far from the stop distance of the host vehicle. Can be displayed.

It is a figure which shows the upper surface of the motor vehicle carrying the information display apparatus which is an Example of this invention, and its windshield. It is the figure which shows the schematic diagram at the time of seeing a windshield from the driver's seat of the car carrying the information display device of the present invention, and the picture display field (area) of the enlarged HUD. It is a figure explaining the setting conditions of a viewpoint (EYE | Point). It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the travel speed of a vehicle, and a stop distance. 1 is a block diagram and schematic configuration diagram showing a peripheral device configuration of a HUD device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the alert display of a pedestrian as an example about the display position (range) in the HUD image display area of a virtual image. It is a figure which shows the alert display of a preceding vehicle as an example about the display position (range) in the HUD image display area of a virtual image. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the capacity | capacitance of an information display apparatus, and the image display area (area) of HUD to enlarge. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure and arrangement | positioning (layout) of the HUD apparatus which is an information display apparatus suitable for size reduction. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure and arrangement | positioning (layout) of the HUD apparatus which is an information display apparatus suitable for size reduction.

Hereinafter, an embodiment and various examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following explanation shows specific examples of the contents of the embodiment, and the present invention is not limited to these explanations. Those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in this specification. Various changes and modifications can be made. In all the drawings for explaining the present invention, components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof may be omitted. In the following, prior to the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the virtual image display position, which is a feature of the present invention, will be described.

FIG. 1A is a top view of an automobile equipped with the information display device of the present invention, and a windshield as a projection member 6 exists in the front part of the driver's seat of the automobile body 101. The windshield has a different inclination angle with respect to the vehicle body depending on the type of automobile. Furthermore, the inventors investigated the radius of curvature in order to realize an optimum virtual image optical system. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1B, the windshield differs in a horizontal radius of curvature Rh parallel to the ground contact surface of the automobile and a vertical radius of curvature Rv perpendicular to the horizontal axis. Rh and Rv generally have the following relationship.

Rh> Rv
It was also found that the difference in radius of curvature, that is, Rh relative to Rv is often in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 times.

Next, the inventors investigated a commercial product for the inclination angle of the windshield. As a result, although it differs depending on the body type, it was 20 to 30 degrees for light cars and 1 Box type, 30 to 40 degrees for sedan type, and 40 degrees or more for sports type.

FIG. 2A is a schematic view when the windshield 6 is viewed from the driver's seat of the automobile equipped with the information display device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. In the vicinity of the center portion, there is an enlarged HUD image display area (area). FIG. 2B shows the details of the image display area (area) of the HUD. As shown by the arrows in the figure, the image moves up and down according to the variation of the depression angle, and the horizontal width is changed to the viewing angle (horizontal). It moves according to the fluctuation of. Specifically, as an example, the depression angle is switched to 3.0 ° when traveling in an urban area of 30 to 60 km / h (urban area mode), and switched to 1.9 ° when traveling at a high speed of 60 to 100 km / h (high speed mode). (Lower). In addition, the viewing angle (horizontal) is 10 ° in the city mode and is narrowed to 9 ° in the high-speed mode. Note that the viewing angle (vertical) is constant at 2.2 °, for example. In the HUD image display area (area), as will be described later, in the high-speed mode (the depression angle = 1.9 °), the upper end is 100 m forward of the vehicle and the lower end is 25 m. Further, in the urban area mode (the depression angle = 3.0 °), the upper end portion is 25 m ahead of the vehicle and the lower end portion is 19 m. It should be noted that switching between the city mode and the high speed mode may be performed based on information from the navigation system described below.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining setting conditions of the viewpoint (EYE Point). This EYEPoint is the R Point, which is the rotational axis of the thigh and torso of the human body (model), the seat at the back, the seat height at the bottom, and the seat angle at 25 degrees (degrees). It is set by the H Point when the (model) is seated, and the depression angle is determined by the angle from this EYE Point to the center line of the HUD display.

<Relationship between vehicle speed and stopping distance>
Usually, the distance (stop distance) required for the traveling vehicle to stop changes in proportion to the traveling speed of the vehicle, as shown in FIG. In other words, a vehicle traveling at a speed of 30 km / h needs a stopping distance of 14 m, which is a combination of the free running distance and the braking distance. The stopping distance is 52 m at 70 km / h, and 93 m at a speed of 100 km / h. Necessary.

On the other hand, the HUD device, which is an information display device, projects various kinds of information to the driver by projecting image light on the windshield of an automobile to provide various information to the driver. Usually, the display position is preset in front of the vehicle. What was displayed at the indicated position was mainstream. However, when considering the relationship between the traveling speed of the vehicle and the stopping distance described above, in particular, so-called alert display (information), which is information for warning the presence of a pedestrian in front of the vehicle or the preceding vehicle, It has been found that by displaying a dangerous object far from the stopping distance of the host vehicle, it is possible to reduce the driver's viewpoint movement and enable safer driving.

In other words, the present invention provides a HUD device that enables safer driving in consideration of the relationship between the traveling speed of the vehicle and the stopping distance described above, and makes the display position of the virtual image (the distance in front of the vehicle) variable. It is an object of the present invention to provide a HUD device that can solve the problem of the HUD device in that case, that is, the increase in the device capacity due to the increase in the size of the optical system including the concave mirror also used in the above prior art.

<Information display device>
FIG. 5 is a block diagram and a schematic configuration diagram showing a peripheral device configuration of the HUD device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, as an example, particularly, a HUD device that projects an image on a windshield of an automobile is shown. explain.

The HUD device 100 forms various virtual images V1 to V3 at a plurality of positions in front of the host vehicle in the driver's line of sight 8, and thus various information reflected by the projection member 6 (the windshield in the present embodiment). Is a virtual image VI (Virtual Image). The projected member 6 may be a member on which information is projected, and may be a combiner as well as the above-described windshield. That is, in the HUD device 100 of the present embodiment, a driver forms a virtual image at each of a plurality of positions in front of the host vehicle in the driver's line of sight 8 and visually recognizes the driver. For example, an alert display (information) for warning the presence of a pedestrian or a preceding vehicle in front of the vehicle, and further includes vehicle information and foreground information captured by a camera (not shown) such as a surveillance camera or an around viewer. But you can.

The HUD device 100 includes an image projection device 11 that projects image light for displaying information, an intermediate image formation unit 4 that forms an image of light from the image projection device 11, and the intermediate image formation unit 4. An optical component 5 that converges or diverges the image information (image light) that has been formed, and a control device 30 that controls the image projection device 11 are provided. The optical component 5 is a virtual image optical system described below, and includes a concave mirror that reflects light. Further, the light reflected by the optical component 5 is reflected by the projection member 6 and travels toward the driver's line of sight 8 (EyeBox: described in detail later).

The intermediate image forming unit (or intermediate image display unit) 4 has a function of forming an image of light from the image projection device 11. For example, a microlens array in which microlenses are two-dimensionally arranged. Consists of. In the present embodiment, an optical element 21 and an optical element 22 are disposed between the intermediate image forming unit 4 and the optical component 5 including the concave reflecting mirror that forms the eyepiece optical system. The arrangement of these optical elements 21 and 22 is for the purpose of setting the virtual image forming positions at a plurality of positions in front of the host vehicle (three positions in FIG. 5). Further, as a second object, aberration correction is performed between the intermediate image forming unit 4 and the optical component 5 forming the eyepiece optical system at a position where the image light from the intermediate image forming unit 4 is separated. To do. According to the aberration correction by these optical elements, even if virtual images are formed at different positions, a plurality of virtual images can be displayed at different magnifications by using the same virtual image optical system.

More specifically, the optical element 21 corrects the aberration of the light beam forming the nearest virtual image V1 and the optical element 22 corrects the aberration of the intermediate virtual image V2. Further, since the virtual image V3 formed at the farthest is optimally designed for aberrations in the original virtual image optical system, no optical element is provided here, but it was optimally designed to further improve the aberration correction capability. It goes without saying that the provision of an optical element does not depart from the technical idea or scope of the present invention. Here, as an example, the virtual image V1 is displayed at a distance of 14 m or more in front of the vehicle, the virtual image V2 is displayed at a distance of 52 m or more, and the virtual image V3 is displayed at a distance of 93 m or more.

In the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the example in which the generation position of the virtual image is divided into the far virtual image V3, the intermediate virtual image V2, and the near virtual image V1, and the optical elements 21 and 22 are provided individually, has been described. It is not limited to this. For example, in order to continuously change the display position of the virtual image from a distant place to a close position, the spatial optical distance is changed, more specifically, the thickness of the optical element in the vertical direction of the screen is changed. Sufficient aberration correction capability is provided by changing the position where the virtual image is continuously generated to change the lens shape on both surfaces of the optical element to a decentered aspherical shape or a free-form surface shape. As a result, it goes without saying that even if one optical element is used, it does not depart from the technical idea or scope of the present invention.

On the other hand, the control device 30 includes a storage device 31 and a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as “microcomputer”) 32. The storage device 31 is a non-volatile storage device that can rewrite stored contents. The microcomputer 32 includes a ROM 34 that stores processing programs and data that need to retain stored contents even when the power is turned off, a RAM 33 that temporarily stores processing programs and data, and processes stored in the ROM 34 and RAM 33. It is mainly configured by a computer having a CPU 35 that executes various processes according to a program.

Among these, the ROM 34 stores a processing program for the microcomputer 32 to execute information display processing for controlling the image projection device 11 so that various information such as vehicle information and foreground information is projected onto the projection target member 6. ing. The control device 30 is connected with at least a navigation system 61 and a driving support electronic control device (hereinafter referred to as “driving support ECU (Electronic Control Unit))” 62 as an acquisition source of vehicle information and foreground information. Yes.

The navigation system 61 is a device that guides a route to a set destination according to the result of collating the current position detected by the position detection device with the map data stored in the map data storage unit. The map data includes various information such as information on road speed limits, the number of lanes, and intersections.

From such a navigation system 61, the control device 30 obtains information such as the speed limit and number of lanes of the road corresponding to the current position where the host vehicle is traveling, the planned travel route of the host vehicle set in the navigation system 61, and the like. Obtained as foreground information (that is, information displayed in front of the host vehicle by the virtual image).

The driving support ECU 62 is a control device that realizes driving support control by controlling the drive system and the control system in accordance with the obstacle detected as a result of monitoring by the periphery monitoring device 63, and cruise control is used as the driving support control. , Including well-known technologies such as adaptive cruise control, pre-crash safety, lane keeping assistance.

The periphery monitoring device 63 is a device that monitors the situation around the host vehicle. As an example, a camera that detects an object around the host vehicle based on an image obtained by shooting the periphery of the host vehicle, an exploration wave, and the like. An exploration device that detects an object that exists in the vicinity of the host vehicle based on the result of transmitting and receiving the vehicle.

The control device 30 acquires such information from the driving support ECU 62 (for example, the distance to the preceding vehicle, the heading direction of the preceding vehicle, the position where the obstacle or sign is present, etc.) as the foreground information. Furthermore, an ignition (IG) signal and own vehicle state information are input to the control device 30. Among these pieces of information, the own vehicle state information is information acquired as vehicle information, and represents, for example, that a predetermined abnormal state such as the remaining amount of fuel in the internal combustion engine or the temperature of the cooling water has been entered. Contains warning information. Information such as the operation result of the direction indicator, the traveling speed of the host vehicle, and the shift position is also included. The control device 30 described above is activated when an ignition signal is input. The above is description of the whole system of the information display apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention.

<Optimization of virtual image display position>
Next, the display position (range) of the virtual image generated by the above-described information display device in the HUD image display area will be described in detail below, particularly using alert display as an example.

In the information display device of the present invention, as described above, the travel speed and the stop distance of the host vehicle are displayed as an alert display on a dangerous object far away from the stop distance (for example, a pedestrian in front of the vehicle or a preceding vehicle). From this relationship, the display position (range) necessary for alert display is obtained, and the display position is determined including the optimum viewing angle (FOV). For example, when the traveling speed is 30 km / h, an alert is displayed at a distance of 14 m or more to avoid danger.

FIG. 6 shows the situation when the above alert display is performed for a pedestrian. As is clear from the figure, the alert display for the pedestrian is displayed on the HUD shown in FIG. It is performed near the lower end of the image display area (area). According to this, the alert display performed near the lower end portion of the HUD image display area (area) is displayed near the vehicle front 19 m, as is apparent from the left part of the figure. On the other hand, when the vehicle is traveling at a high speed, as is apparent from the left part of the figure, it is performed near the upper end. According to this, the alert display performed near the upper end of the HUD image display area (area) is displayed in the vicinity of 100 m ahead of the vehicle.

FIG. 7 shows the situation when the above alert display is performed on the preceding vehicle. As is clear from the figure, the alert display for the preceding vehicle is displayed on the HUD shown in FIG. This is performed near the lower end of the image display area (area). According to this, as is clear from the left part of the figure, the alert display performed near the lower end of the HUD image display area (area) is displayed in the vicinity of 19 m ahead of the vehicle. On the other hand, when the vehicle is traveling at a high speed, as is apparent from the left part of the figure, it is performed near the upper end. According to this, the alert display performed near the upper end of the HUD image display area (area) is displayed in the vicinity of 100 m ahead of the vehicle.

That is, according to the optimization of the virtual image display position described above, the alert that is information for warning the presence of a pedestrian ahead of the vehicle and the presence of a preceding vehicle is considered in consideration of the relationship between the traveling speed of the vehicle and the stop distance. The display (information) or the like can be displayed for a dangerous object far from the stop distance of the host vehicle.

<Volume of information display device>
Next, the relationship between the volume of the information display device described above and the image display area (area) of the HUD that is enlarged as shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, the volume of the information display device increases as the viewing angle (horizontal (H), vertical (V)) of the HUD image display area (area) increases. Specifically, at (viewing angle [10 × 7] and virtual image distance (20 m), the set volume of the HUD exceeds 18 L due to the enlargement of the optical system including the concave mirror, and the front where the apparatus is mounted Therefore, in order to solve the increase in the device capacity accompanying the increase in the viewing angle of the HUD image display area (area), it is pointed out that it cannot be stored in the space between the glass and the steering. The structure of the information display device will be described.

9 and 10 show the configuration and arrangement (layout) of the HUD device 100, which is an information display device suitable for miniaturization. In these drawings, in order from the downstream side, a concave (free-form surface) mirror that projects image light that forms a virtual image through the windshield 6, and a correction lens group for correcting distortion and aberration generated at that time. In addition, a backlight source using a light emitting diode constituting the backlight as a light source is provided. In addition, 7 is a housing | casing which is an exterior case. Furthermore, in order to suppress the P wave component of sunlight entering the inside of the HUD device 100, as an example, an optical means 3 for suppressing the P wave component is provided between the lens group and the video display device. ing. An opening for projecting image light toward the windshield of the automobile is formed on the upper surface of the housing 7, and the opening is covered with an antiglare plate 9 (glare trap). Although not shown here, a concave mirror driving unit constituted by an electric motor or the like for adjusting the position of the concave mirror is provided integrally with the concave mirror. These components are modularized and compactly formed while ensuring a minimum distance between the LCD and the concave mirror.

In such a configuration / arrangement, in order to enlarge the viewing angle, for example, by rotating the concave mirror, and in order to realize a far-off virtual image distance, the collimating optical system is appropriately set, etc. Thus, desired characteristics can be realized. Alternatively, the HUD image display area (area) may be enlarged by adding a second information display device that scans laser light onto the windshield with a MEMS element to obtain a real image.

That is, by adopting the HUD device 100 having the configuration and arrangement described above, the increase in the device capacity accompanying the increase in the viewing angle of the HUD image display area (area) described above can be solved, and the HUD device can be mounted on the HUD device. It can be housed in the space between the windshield and the steering wheel.

In the above, the information display apparatus which consists of various Example of this invention was described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments are described in detail for the entire system in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Optical means, 4 ... Intermediate image image formation part, 5 ... Optical component, 6 ... Projection member (front glass), 7 ... Housing | casing, 8 ... Driver | operator's line of sight, 9 ... Anti-glare board (glare trap), DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Video projector, 21, 22 ... Optical element (lens), 30 ... Control apparatus, 31 ... Memory | storage device, 32 ... Microcomputer (microcomputer), 33 ... RAM, 34 ... ROM, 61 ... Navigation system, 62 ... Operation Support electronic control device (driving support ECU), 63 ... Perimeter monitoring device, 100 ... HUD device, 101 ... Automobile body.

Claims

An information display device for displaying video information on a vehicle,
A HUD device disposed between the vehicle windshield and the vehicle instrument panel;
The HUD device includes a virtual image optical system that displays a virtual image of the video information in front of the vehicle by reflecting light emitted from the HUD device that displays the video information by the windshield, and the virtual image An information display device configured to set the display position of the vehicle according to the travel speed of the vehicle.
The information display device according to claim 1,
The HUD device is an information display device that sets the display position of the virtual image to a distance that is equal to or greater than a stop distance that is the sum of the idle running distance and braking distance of the vehicle at the running speed of the vehicle.
The information display device according to claim 1,
The information display device, wherein the video information displayed by the virtual image is alert display information.
The information display device according to claim 3,
The alert display information is displayed on a pedestrian and / or a preceding vehicle in front of the vehicle.
The information display device according to claim 1,
The HUD device is an information display device having a concave mirror that reflects light emitted from a video display device and projects the light toward the windshield.
The information display device according to claim 5,
The concave mirror has an information display device having a rotation mechanism.
The information display device according to claim 1,
In the HUD device, the display by the light emitted from the video display device that displays the video information is moved in the image display area formed on the windshield in accordance with the traveling speed of the vehicle. An information display device configured as described above.
The information display device according to claim 7,
The display by the light emitted from the HUD device that displays the video information is higher than the position of the other traveling speed in the image display area when the traveling speed of the vehicle is higher than the other traveling speed. An information display device displayed at a position.