WO2019170093A1 - 一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质 - Google Patents

一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2019170093A1
WO2019170093A1 PCT/CN2019/077088 CN2019077088W WO2019170093A1 WO 2019170093 A1 WO2019170093 A1 WO 2019170093A1 CN 2019077088 W CN2019077088 W CN 2019077088W WO 2019170093 A1 WO2019170093 A1 WO 2019170093A1
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reference point
node
sensing
electromagnetic
nodes
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PCT/CN2019/077088
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English (en)
French (fr)
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齐佩汉
杜婷婷
李赞
司江勃
关磊
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西安电子科技大学
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205Details
    • G01S5/0221Receivers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/14Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205Details
    • G01S5/0221Receivers
    • G01S5/02213Receivers arranged in a network for determining the position of a transmitter
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0249Determining position using measurements made by a non-stationary device other than the device whose position is being determined
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/14Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/18Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention belong to the communication technology, and in particular, to a method, a device, and a computer storage medium for generating a spectrum situation, which can be used for generating high-precision spectrum situation in a wide-area environment.
  • Spectrum situational awareness refers to the acquisition of data through the monitoring or detection means through the omnidirectional perception of the environment, and the processing of the acquired data to form the spectrum information and situation of interest; therefore, the spectrum situational awareness is timely and accurate.
  • the main means of understanding the spectrum situation the main target data includes the electromagnetic spectrum space, working time, operating frequency and radiated power.
  • the electromagnetic radiation in the electromagnetic environment mainly comes from various frequency equipment, that is, the radiation source; as long as the position, state, working parameters, signal characteristics and other attributes of the radiation source can be correctly obtained, the radiation source can be approximated to the environment.
  • the electromagnetic effect of the area Therefore, building environmental data based on radiation source identification is an effective way to detect spectrum situation.
  • the spectrum situation generation is based on the current state of the spectrum situational awareness acquisition spectrum space, and analyzes the comprehensive situation and future development trend of the spectrum space.
  • the conventional scheme for generating electromagnetic potential has the following disadvantages:
  • the modeling time is long, the workload is large, and it is difficult to apply to the situational deduction of the electromagnetic environment in a large area;
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and a computer storage medium for generating a spectrum situation.
  • the wide-area virtual dense spectrum situation generation method attaches spectrum sensor equipment to a small number of mobile and bearer platforms such as vehicles and ships, and uses the mobility of the spectrum sensor equipment to carry the platform, and obtains the electromagnetic spectrum data of the current position multiple times during the monitoring duration.
  • To achieve dense virtualization of spectrum sensing nodes increase spectrum monitoring samples, and then use the spectral situation sparse inversion theory to obtain wide-area high-resolution electromagnetic spectrum situation.
  • a method for generating a spectrum situation includes the following steps:
  • the experimental area adopts an N-point grid layout, and K radiation sources, T spectrum sensor devices and their bearing platforms are randomly distributed at the vertices of the mesh of the experimental area.
  • the platform is equipped with a GPS module for synchronously recording position information, and selecting the N grid vertices as N reference points.
  • RSS constitutes an M-dimensional column vector P s ⁇ R M .
  • S ⁇ s k
  • s k represents the kth perceptual node
  • k is used to identify the kth perceptual node
  • V ⁇ V j
  • V j represents the jth reference node
  • j is used to identify the jth reference point
  • s k ⁇ V j represents the kth perceptual node Located at the jth reference point, It indicates that the kth perceptual node is not located at the jth reference point, and the perceptual node position matrix [ ⁇ ] kj is an M*N matrix.
  • the column vector P r ⁇ R N represents the received signal strength RSS at the N reference points
  • the column vector P t ⁇ R N represents the radiation power of the radiation source at the N reference points
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a spectrum situation, where the method includes:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a spectrum situation, where the apparatus includes: a setting part, a densification part, an acquisition part, a construction part, an identification part, and an inversion part;
  • the setting part is configured to set T mobile nodes in an environment area formed by an N-point grid; the densification part is configured to obtain n sensing nodes by mobile densification for each mobile node;
  • the acquiring part is configured to acquire sensing data of each sensing node;
  • the constructing part is configured to construct path loss information according to an electromagnetic propagation model of the electromagnetic environment; and
  • the identifying part is configured to perform sensing data according to all sensing nodes And the path loss information identifying K radiation sources in the environmental region;
  • the inversion portion is configured to obtain an environmental region by using a set electromagnetic potential inversion strategy based on the identified K radiation sources Received signal strength RSS at each reference point; wherein the reference point in the environmental region is a mesh vertex in the N-point network.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a spectrum situation, where the apparatus includes: a communication interface, a memory, and a processor; wherein the communication interface is configured to transmit and receive information between and other external devices. , receiving and transmitting signals;
  • the memory configured to store a computer program capable of running on a processor
  • the processor is configured to perform the method steps of generating a spectral situation according to the first aspect or the second aspect when the computer program is run.
  • a computer storage medium storing a program for generating a spectrum situation, wherein the program for generating a spectrum situation is implemented by at least one processor to implement the first aspect or the second aspect A method step of generating a spectral situation.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a device, and a computer storage medium for generating a spectrum situation.
  • the spectrum sensor device can be attached to a mobile carrier platform such as a small number of vehicles and ships, and the spectrum is expanded.
  • Perceived spatial extent can be used for large-area regional spectrum situation generation; in addition, when the environmental region also adopts N-point grid layout, it is not necessary to set a sensor at each mesh vertex to measure the vertices of the mesh according to a conventional scheme.
  • the received signal strength and only a small number of mobile nodes in the environment area, can generate the electromagnetic situation, which can effectively reduce the number of sensing devices; and only a small number of samples (the received signal strength of M sensing nodes)
  • the algorithm is implemented, so the computational complexity is low and the time is short, which can meet the real-time requirements of electromagnetic situation inversion.
  • the identification of the radiation source is realized, and according to the electromagnetic environment propagation model, the electromagnetic situation of the entire environmental region is obtained by the inversion of the identified radiation source, thereby improving the situation.
  • the breadth and accuracy of the generation is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating a spectrum situation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation method for generating a spectrum situation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of a spectrum sensor and a moving route of a carrier platform according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of radiation source identification and positional radiation power corresponding to an actual radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of comparison of radiation source identification performance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of comparison of radiation source identification performance under the condition of radiation source identification and fixed sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7(a) is a schematic diagram of an actual radiation source power according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7(b) is a schematic diagram showing the power of a reconstructed radiation source under the condition of a fixed sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7(c) is a schematic diagram of a radiation source power identified by a method for generating a spectrum situation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7(d) is a schematic diagram of an actual electromagnetic situation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7(e) is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic potential inversion under the condition of a fixed sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7(f) is a schematic diagram showing the inversion of the electromagnetic potential by the method for generating a spectral situation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating a spectrum situation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific hardware of an apparatus for generating a spectrum situation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide a method of generating a spectral situation that enables the generation of high-precision spectral situation in a wide-area environment.
  • a method flow for generating a spectrum situation is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the method may include:
  • S101 setting T mobile nodes in an environment area formed by an N-point grid
  • S103 Acquire perceptual data of each sensing node.
  • S104 Constructing path loss information according to an electromagnetic propagation model of the electromagnetic environment
  • S105 Identify K radiation sources in the environmental region according to the sensing data of all the sensing nodes and the path loss information;
  • S106 Obtain, according to the identified K radiation sources, a received signal strength RSS at each reference point in the environmental region by using a set electromagnetic potential inversion strategy; wherein the reference point in the environmental region is the Mesh vertices in the N-point network.
  • each mobile node may specifically be a spectrum sensor, and each spectrum sensor may be correspondingly disposed on a movable carrying platform in an environment area, such as a car, a ship, an airplane, a spaceship, a satellite, or the like.
  • This embodiment of the present invention does not describe this.
  • the spatial range of spectrum sensing is expanded, and with the movement of the bearer platform, each mobile node can acquire electromagnetic spectrum data of sufficient clinker, thereby increasing without increasing the number of mobile nodes.
  • each of the carrying platforms is also equipped with a positioning system module, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) module, a Beidou positioning system module, etc., so that the positioning system module can obtain the position information of the carrying platform on which the positioning system is located.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • Beidou positioning system module etc.
  • the spectrum sensor that is, the location information of the mobile node is obtained.
  • the number of spectral sensors T is much smaller than the number of mesh vertices N, so that it is not necessary to provide a sensor at each mesh vertex to measure the received signal strength at the vertices of the mesh according to a conventional scheme.
  • the spectrum sensor device can be attached to a small number of mobile bearer platforms by setting a mobile node in the environment region, the spatial range of spectrum sensing is expanded, and the spectrum situation can be generated for a large area region;
  • the environmental region also adopts the N-point grid layout, it is not necessary to set a sensor at each mesh vertex according to a conventional scheme to measure the received signal strength at the vertex of the mesh, and only a small amount is required in the environmental region.
  • the mobile node can realize the generation of the electromagnetic situation, so that the number of sensing devices can be effectively reduced; and only a small number of samples (the received signal strength of the M sensing nodes) are implemented by the algorithm, so the calculation complexity is low and the time is short, which can be satisfied. Real-time requirements for electromagnetic potential inversion.
  • the identification of the radiation source is realized, and according to the electromagnetic environment propagation model, the electromagnetic situation of the entire environmental region is obtained by the inversion of the identified radiation source, thereby improving the situation.
  • S102 obtains n sensing nodes by using mobile densification, including:
  • n reference points are randomly selected in the environment area as destinations to move; and each mobile node forms a sensing node when it arrives at the destination in turn.
  • the acquiring the sensing data of each sensing node includes:
  • Each mobile node corresponds to the location information of the measurement destination and the received signal strength RSS when it arrives at the destination in sequence.
  • the sensing data may specifically include: a received signal strength RSS of each sensing node and location information of each sensing node;
  • j 1,2,...,N ⁇ denotes a set of all reference nodes, V j denotes the jth reference node; s k ⁇ V j denotes that the kth perceptual node is located at the jth reference point, Indicates that the kth perceptual node is not located at the jth reference point.
  • the path loss information is constructed according to the electromagnetic propagation model of the electromagnetic environment, and may include:
  • the propagation model between the i-th reference point and the j-th reference point of the electromagnetic wave in the two-dimensional free space is determined as follows:
  • i is used to identify the i-th reference point
  • j is used to identify the j-th reference point
  • P jr is the received power of the j-th reference point
  • P it denotes the radiation power of the i-th reference point
  • G jr denotes the receiving antenna gain of the j-th reference point
  • G denotes the transmitting antenna gain of the i-th reference point
  • is the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave
  • d ij denotes the i-th
  • the path loss matrix ⁇ is an N ⁇ N matrix.
  • the K radiation sources in the environmental region are identified according to the sensing data of all the sensing nodes and the path loss information described in S105. ,include:
  • the sensing matrix Q is obtained by:
  • acquiring the location of the K radiation sources and the second column vector includes:
  • the preprocessed data P proc is constructed according to the following formula
  • the position of the radiation source and the second column vector P t are obtained according to the minimum L1-norm and the following formula:
  • the environment region is obtained by using the set electromagnetic potential inversion strategy based on the identified K radiation sources described in S106.
  • Received signal strength RSS at each reference point including:
  • the third column vector P r ⁇ R N represents the received signal strength RSS on the N reference points, Indicates additive white Gaussian noise AWGN power.
  • the sensor is subjected to wide-area virtual densification to measure the signal strength at the vertices of the mesh, and the received signal strength is preprocessed to realize the identification of the radiation source, and finally the electromagnetic generation is performed. situation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention elaborates the above technical solution through the specific implementation flow shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 2 a specific implementation process of a method for generating a spectrum situation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the process may include the following steps:
  • step 201 a complex electromagnetic environment parameter is determined and configured.
  • an N-dot grid layout can be employed as an experimental area of the environmental area.
  • the number of the radiation sources is K
  • the K radiation sources are randomly distributed at the vertices of the N grids
  • the number of the radiation sources is The location is unknown
  • the radiation power of the radiation source is randomly distributed
  • the type of the radiation source is not limited.
  • one or more of the communication device, the interference device, and the transmitting device may be omitted.
  • T movable mobile platforms such as cars, boats, airplanes, spaceships, satellites, etc.
  • the mobile platform is equipped with spectrum sensors and positioning system modules, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) module, Beidou positioning.
  • the system module or the like can obtain the spectrum sensor, that is, the location information of the mobile node, by acquiring the location information of the bearer platform on which the positioning system module is located.
  • the number of spectral sensors T is much smaller than the number of mesh vertices N, so that it is not necessary to provide a sensor at each mesh vertex to measure the received signal strength at the vertices of the mesh according to a conventional scheme.
  • Step 202 Wide-area virtual densification acquires sensing data.
  • the T spectrum sensor devices and their bearer platforms may be randomly distributed at the reference point of the experimental area, and the T spectrum sensor devices and their bearer platforms may be virtualized into T mobile nodes.
  • Each of the mobile nodes is intensively configured to obtain the sensing data, and the sensing data includes the received signal strength RSS and the location information.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • Each mobile node randomly selects a reference point as a destination in the test area and moves toward the destination.
  • the mobile node is referred to as the destination, that is, the perception at the reference point.
  • a node, the spectrum sensor of the sensing node, and a positioning system module respectively measure received signal strength RSS and position information at the reference point for composing the sensing data; after that, the mobile node continues to randomly select a reference point as a new destination and continues Moving toward the destination, when arriving at the new destination, measuring the received signal strength RSS and location information at the new destination, ie, the reference point, repeating the above steps until the mobile node approaches n reference nodes and acquires the reference node
  • the positioning system module is also used to record the moving route of the mobile node and the location of the sensing node.
  • each spectrum sensor device and its bearer platform ie, the mobile node
  • the mobile node at the reference point may also be recorded as a sensing node, and the measurement is performed.
  • Received signal strength RSS and position information at the reference point are randomly distributed at a reference point of the experimental area, and the mobile node at the reference point may also be recorded as a sensing node, and the measurement is performed.
  • Step 203 Construct a perceptual node location matrix according to the location information in the perceptual data.
  • the positioning system module can record the location information of each sensing node, thereby constructing the sensing node position matrix according to the location information of the M sensing nodes, thereby knowing that the sensing node position matrix ⁇ can be expressed by the following formula :
  • S ⁇ s k
  • s k represents the kth perceptual node
  • k is used to identify the kth perceptual node
  • V ⁇ V j
  • V j represents the jth reference node
  • j is used to identify the jth reference point
  • s k ⁇ V j represents the kth perceptual node Located at the jth reference point, It indicates that the kth perceptual node is not located at the jth reference point, and the perceptual node position matrix [ ⁇ ] kj is an M*N matrix.
  • Step 204 constructing a path loss matrix according to an electromagnetic propagation model of the electromagnetic environment.
  • step 204 may specifically include:
  • i is used to identify the first i reference point
  • j is used to identify the jth reference point
  • P jr is the received power of the jth reference point
  • P it denotes the transmit power of the i-th reference point
  • G jr denotes the receive antenna gain of the j-th reference point
  • G denotes the transmit antenna gain of the i-th reference point
  • is the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave
  • d ij denotes the i-th
  • Determining the path loss matrix can be expressed by the following formula:
  • the path loss matrix [ ⁇ ] ij is an N ⁇ N matrix.
  • Step 205 Perform radiation source identification according to the sensor node position matrix and the path loss matrix, and obtain the position and radiation power of the radiation source.
  • the radiation source identification is performed, and the position and the radiation power of the radiation source are obtained, including the following steps:
  • the column vector P t ⁇ R N , R N represents the N-dimensional vector space
  • P t ⁇ R N represents P t is the N-dimensional vector
  • column vector ⁇ ⁇ R M represents a measurement error of the sensor
  • R M represents an M-dimensional vector space
  • ⁇ R M represents an M-dimensional vector ⁇ .
  • represents a 1-norm, meaning the sum of the modulus values of all the elements in the vector
  • 2 represents the 2-norm, meaning the sum of the squares of the modulus values of all the elements in the vector.
  • is the convergence precision
  • min is the minimum
  • st is the abbreviation of subject to “constraint to”.
  • Step 206 Inverting the electromagnetic potential according to the identified radiation source, and obtaining the received signal strength RSS on the N reference points.
  • the vector P r formed by the received signal strength RSS on the N reference points can be obtained according to the following formula:
  • the column vector P r ⁇ R N represents an N-dimensional vector formed by the received signal strength RSS at the N reference points, that is, the received power at the N reference points, and the column vector P t ⁇ R N represents the radiation at the N reference points.
  • the N-dimensional vector of the source's radiated power Indicates the additive white Gaussian noise AWGN power
  • R N represents the N-dimensional vector space
  • P r ⁇ R N , P t ⁇ R N denotes P r and P t are N-dimensional vectors.
  • T sensors, K radiation sources are randomly distributed over 400 grid vertices.
  • the above T sensors are respectively placed on T spectrum sensor device bearing platforms, and the spectrum sensor device carrying platform is equipped with a GPS module, which is virtualized into a mobile node.
  • each mobile node randomly selects a reference point as a destination in the test area and moves toward the destination. When arriving at the destination, the received signal strength and position information at this destination, the reference point, is measured.
  • the mobile node continues to randomly select a reference point as a new destination and continues to move toward the destination.
  • the received signal strength at the new destination i.e., the reference point
  • the received signal strength RSS of the M reference points constitutes an M-dimensional column vector P s ⁇ R M .
  • the possible value of the radiation power is an integer multiple of P0, that is, the transmission power is randomly distributed in the power set ⁇ P0, 2P0, ..., P m ⁇ , where P0 is the reference power and P m is the power. Maximum value.
  • the performance of radiated power reconstruction is expressed in terms of relative error. When the radiation power is reconstructed, the number and location of the radiation sources are unknown.
  • each mobile node is densely populated with six sensing nodes after moving, and M ij represents the jth sensing node that the i-th sensor is virtualized, and the mobile node randomly moves, so that the dense sensing node
  • the spatial distribution is also random.
  • the calculation method is to take the ratio of the sum of the absolute value of the radiation source true radiation power vector and the identification radiation power vector corresponding element difference value to the reference radiation power P0, as follows:
  • P t is the N ⁇ 1 dimensional vector of the true radiant power of the radiation source
  • P t (i) represents the true radiant power of the radiation source at the ith reference point
  • An N ⁇ 1 dimensional vector formed by the identified radiation power of the radiation source Indicates the identified radiated power of the radiation source at the ith reference point
  • P0 is the reference power.
  • the performance simulation results are shown in Figure 4.
  • the method for generating a spectrum situation proposed by the embodiment of the present invention can perform wide-area virtualization on the sensor.
  • the identification of the radiation source increases with the increase of the virtual density coefficient.
  • the relative error is getting smaller and smaller, that is, the recognition performance of the radiation source is getting better and better.
  • the relative error is already close to zero, indicating that a high radiation source identification performance has been achieved.
  • the spectrum sensor When the spectrum sensor is not placed on the mobile platform, the spectrum sensor is randomly distributed at the vertices of the grid during initialization, but the position of the spectrum sensor is fixed during the whole experiment, that is, under the condition of fixed sensor, only T sensor positions can be measured.
  • the number of sensing nodes is equal to the number of spectral sensors.
  • the number of sensors is changed, and the number of sensing nodes is also changed.
  • the simulation results of the recognition performance of the radiation source are shown in Fig. 6.
  • curve 1 shows the radiation source recognition performance under the condition of a fixed sensor
  • curve 2 shows the radiation source recognition performance of the wide-area virtual density.
  • the radiation power and electromagnetic potential inversion of the radiation source identified by the method for generating the spectral situation presented by the embodiment of the present invention are simulated, and the radiation power of the radiation source identified under the fixed sensor condition in the simulation example 4 is simulated. Compare with the electromagnetic situation inversion simulation. The simulation results are shown in Figure 7.
  • FIG. 7(a) shows the actual radiation source power
  • FIG. 7(b) shows the reconstructed radiation source power under the fixed sensor condition
  • FIG. 7(c) shows the method for generating the spectrum situation proposed by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the identified radiation source power is shown
  • Figure 7(d) shows the actual electromagnetic situation
  • Figure 7(e) shows the electromagnetic potential inversion under fixed sensor conditions
  • Figure 7(f) shows the generated spectrum proposed by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of the situation is an indication of the inversion of the electromagnetic potential.
  • the depth of the color can indicate the magnitude of the power
  • the contour line indicates the coverage of the radiation source
  • the position of the radiation source and the magnitude of the radiation power, as well as the electromagnetic potential of each point can be visually seen.
  • 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c) as can be seen from the comparison of the radiation source power maps, when the method for generating a spectral situation is proposed by the embodiment of the present invention, the identification of the radiation source is heavy.
  • the size and position of the configuration power are substantially consistent with the power and position of the actual radiation source radiation.
  • the accuracy of the radiation source power reconstructed by the method for generating the spectral situation presented in the embodiments of the present invention is higher than that of the fixed sensor.
  • the source power is highly accurate.
  • the electromagnetic potential map refers to the received signal strength RSS (received power) at 400 reference points in the experimental area.
  • the visual map, the inversion diagram of the electromagnetic situation generated by the method for generating the spectrum situation in the embodiment of the present invention is substantially consistent with the actual electromagnetic situation map, that is, the inversion of the method for generating the spectrum situation proposed by the embodiment of the present invention
  • the size and position of the received signal strength RSS (received power) at the reference point are substantially the same as the actual received signal strength RSS.
  • the method for generating the spectral situation in the embodiment of the present invention is more accurate than the fixed sensor condition for the electromagnetic potential inversion. The accuracy of the lower electromagnetic potential inversion is high.
  • the method for generating a spectrum situation proposed by the embodiment of the present invention can accurately realize the identification of the radiation source, thereby realizing the inversion of the electromagnetic situation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can perform wide-area virtual densification on the sensor under a condition that a small number of sensor positions are randomly distributed, the radiation source position and the radiation power are randomly distributed, and the radiation source identification is realized, thereby realizing the wide-area virtualized spectrum. The generation of the situation.
  • the apparatus 80 may include: a setting part 801, a densification part 802, and an acquisition part. 803, the construction part 804, the identification part 805 and the inversion part 806;
  • the setting part 801 is configured to set T mobile nodes in an environment area formed by an N-point grid; the densification part 802 is configured to obtain n perceptions by mobile densification for each mobile node a node 501 configured to acquire perceptual data of each perceptual node; the constructing portion 804 configured to construct path loss information according to an electromagnetic propagation model of the electromagnetic environment; the identifying portion 805 configured to be based on all Sensing data of the sensing node and the path loss information identifying K radiation sources in the environmental region; the inversion portion 806 is configured to be based on the identified K radiation sources by a set electromagnetic potential And performing a strategy to obtain a received signal strength RSS at each reference point in the environment region; wherein the reference point in the environment region is a mesh vertex in the N-point network.
  • the setting portion 801 may be specifically configured to perform step S101 in FIG. 1, and a detailed description about the setting portion 801 may refer to the description of step S101.
  • the densification portion 802 may be specifically configured to perform step S102 in FIG. 1, and a detailed description about the densification portion 802 may refer to the description of step S102.
  • the obtaining portion 803 may be specifically configured to perform step S103 in FIG. 1, and a detailed description about the obtaining portion 803 may refer to the description of step S103.
  • the constructing portion 804 may be specifically configured to perform step S104 in FIG. 1, and a detailed description about the constructing portion 804 may refer to the description of step S104.
  • the identification portion 805 may be specifically configured to perform step S105 in FIG. 1, and a detailed description about the identification portion 805 may refer to the description of step S105.
  • the inversion portion 806 may be specifically configured to perform step S106 in FIG. 1, and a detailed description about the inversion portion 806 may refer to the description of step S105.
  • the “part” may be a partial circuit, a partial processor, a partial program or software, etc., of course, may be a unit, a module, or a non-modular.
  • each component in this embodiment may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module.
  • the integrated unit may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software function module and is not sold or used as a stand-alone product.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment is essentially Said that the part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising a plurality of instructions for making a computer device (may It is a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. or a processor that performs all or part of the steps of the method described in this embodiment.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium storing a program for generating a spectrum situation, and the program for generating a spectrum situation is implemented by at least one processor to implement the foregoing FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 The method steps of generating a spectral situation are shown.
  • a specific hardware structure of a device 80 for generating a spectrum situation may include: a communication interface 901, a memory 902, and Processor 903; the various components are coupled together by a bus system 904.
  • bus system 904 is used to implement connection communication between these components.
  • Bus system 904 includes, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 904 in FIG.
  • the communication interface 901 is configured to receive and send signals during the process of transmitting and receiving information with other external network elements.
  • a memory 902 for storing a computer program executable on the processor 903;
  • the processor 903 is configured to perform the method step of generating the spectrum situation shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 when the computer program is run.
  • the memory 902 in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), or an electric Erase programmable read only memory (EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM) that acts as an external cache.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM).
  • SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DDRSDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • SDRAM Synchronous Connection Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DRRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • the processor 903 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 903 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 903 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 902, and the processor 903 reads the information in the memory 902 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof.
  • the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Equipment (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other for performing the functions described herein In an electronic unit or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device Digital Signal Processing Equipment
  • PLD programmable Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the techniques described herein can be implemented by modules (eg, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein.
  • the software code can be stored in memory and executed by the processor.
  • the memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
  • the spectrum sensor device by arranging the mobile node in the environment area, the spectrum sensor device can be attached to a small number of mobile bearer platforms, thereby expanding the spatial range of spectrum sensing, which can be used for generating large-area regional spectrum situation;
  • the region also adopts the N-point grid layout, it is not necessary to set a sensor at each vertex of the grid to measure the received signal strength at the vertex of the grid according to a conventional scheme, and only a small number of mobile nodes are required in the environment region.

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Abstract

一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质;该方法包括:1、确定和配置复杂电磁环境参数;2、广域虚拟密集化获取感知数据;3、构建感知节点位置矩阵;4、构建路径损耗矩阵;5、根据感知节点位置矩阵、路径损耗矩阵进行辐射源识别,获得辐射源位置和辐射功率;6、根据识别的辐射源,电磁态势反演,生成电磁频谱态势。该方法可在少量传感器位置随机分布,辐射源位置和辐射功率随机分布的条件下,对传感器进行广域虚拟密集化,实现辐射源识别,进而生成电磁态势,可用于广域虚拟密集化频谱态势生成。

Description

一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201810188305.8、申请日为2018年03月07日的中国专利申请提出,并要求该中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本发明实施例属于通信技术,具体而言,涉及一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质,可用于广域环境中的高精度频谱态势生成。
背景技术
无线通信技术的飞速发展和广泛使用,使得电磁环境日益复杂,频谱资源日益匮乏,电磁频谱供需矛盾愈发尖锐。在未来移动通信系统频谱共享、无线电秩序管理以及电磁频谱冲突的需求牵引下,电磁频谱态势感知与基于频谱态势的智能频谱管理已成为重要的研究方向。频谱态势感知是指通过监测或探测手段,通过全方位地对环境进行感知来获取数据,并对获取的数据进行处理,从而形成感兴趣的频谱信息与态势;因此,频谱态势感知是及时、准确地了解频谱态势的主要手段,主要目标数据包括电磁频谱作用空间、工作时间、工作频率和辐射功率等。
而在电磁环境中的电磁辐射主要来自于各种用频设备,即辐射源;只要能够正确获取辐射源的位置、状态、工作参数、信号特征等属性,就能近似计算出该辐射源对环境区域的电磁效应。因此,以辐射源识别为基础构建环境数据是频谱态势感知的有效途径。
频谱态势生成是在频谱态势感知获取频谱空间的当前状态基础上,分析预测频谱空间的综合形势和未来发展趋势。目前常规的生成电磁态势的方案存在以下不足:
其一,建模时间长,工作量大,难于应用于大面积区域电磁环境的态势推演;
其二,频谱态势生成的精度不高;
其三,需要布设密集的固定检测节点,联合周围多个检测节点共同参与频谱态势构建,这就需要固定布设大量的感知设备。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明实施例提出了一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质。广域虚拟密集化频谱态势生成方法将频谱传感器设备依附于少量车、船等移动承载平台上,利用频谱传感器设备承载平台的移动性,通过在监测持续时间内多次获取当前位置的电磁频谱数据,实现频谱感知节点密集虚拟化,增多频谱监测样本,再利用频谱态势稀疏反演理论,可获得广域高分辨率的电磁频谱态势。
第一方面,本发明实施例提出的一种生成频谱态势的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)确定和配置复杂电磁环境参数:实验区域采用N点网格布局,K个辐射源、T个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台随机的分布在所述实验区域的网格顶点处,此承载平台搭载GPS模块,用于同步记录位置信息,将所述N个网格顶点选做N个参考点。
(2)广域虚拟密集化获取感知数据:将所述T个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台虚拟成T个移动节点,每个移动节点移动后密集化出n个感知节点用于获取感知数据,该感知数据包括接收信号强度RSS(Received Signal Strength)和位置信息,所述T个移动节点共密集化出M=n·T个感知节点,将M个感知节点获取的感知数据中的接收信号强度RSS构成M维的列向量P s∈R M
(3)根据感知数据中的位置信息,构建感知节点位置矩阵,所述感知节点位置矩阵Φ可用如下公式表示:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000001
其中,S={s k|k=1,2,...,M}表示感知节点的集合,s k表示第k个感知节点,k用于标识第k个感知节点,V={V j|j=1,2,...,N}表示所有参考节点的集合,V j表示第j个参考节点,j用于标识第j个参考点,s k∈V j表示第k个感知节点位于第j个参考点上,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000002
表示第k个感知节点不位于第j个参考点上,所述感知节点位置矩阵[Φ] kj是M*N矩阵。
(4)根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗矩阵Ψ。
(5)根据所述感知节点位置矩阵、所述路径损耗矩阵进行辐射源识别,获得辐射源的位置和辐射功率。
(6)根据识别的辐射源,电磁态势反演,求得N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000003
其中,列向量P r∈R N表示N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS,列向量P t∈R N表示N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000004
表示加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率。
第二方面,本发明实施例提供了一种生成频谱态势的方法,所述方法包括:
在由N点网格形成的环境区域中设置T个移动节点;
针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点;
获取每个感知节点的感知数据;
根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息;
根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源;
基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS;其中,所述环境区域内的参考点为所述N点网络中的网格顶点。
第三方面,本发明实施例提供了一种生成频谱态势的装置,所述装置包括:设置部分、密集化部分、获取部分、构建部分、识别部分和反演部分;
其中,所述设置部分,配置为在由N点网格形成的环境区域中设置T个移动节点;所述密集化部分,配置为针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点;所述获取部分,配置为获取每个感知节点的感知数据;所述构建部分,配置为根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息;所述识别部分,配置为根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源;所述反演部分,配置为基于所述识 别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS;其中,所述环境区域内的参考点为所述N点网络中的网格顶点。
第四方面,本发明实施例一种生成频谱态势的装置,所述装置包括:通信接口、存储器和处理器;其中,所述通信接口,配置为在与其他外部设备之间进行收发信息过程中,信号的接收和发送;
所述存储器,配置为存储能够在处理器上运行的计算机程序;
所述处理器,配置为在运行所述计算机程序时,执行第一方面或者第二方面所述生成频谱态势的方法步骤。
第五方面,本发明实施例一种计算机存储介质,所述计算机存储介质存储有生成频谱态势的程序,所述生成频谱态势的程序被至少一个处理器执行时实现第一方面或者第二方面所述生成频谱态势的方法步骤。
本发明实施例提供了一种生成频谱态势的方法、装置及计算机存储介质;通过在环境区域内设置移动节点从而可以将频谱传感器设备依附于少量车、船等可移动承载平台上,扩大了频谱感知的空间范围,可用于大面积区域频谱态势生成;此外,当环境区域同样采用N点网格布局的情况下,无需按照常规方案在每个网格顶点处设置传感器来测量该网格顶点处的接收信号强度,而仅需环境区域内设置少量的移动节点,就能够实现电磁态势的生成,从而能有效减少感知设备的数量;并且只需少量样本(M个感知节点的接收信号强度)进行算法实现,故计算复杂度低、时间短,可满足电磁态势反演的实时性要求。最后,本发明实施例在利用感知节点测量得到接收信号强度RSS后,实现对辐射源的识别,进而依据电磁环境传播模型,通过识别的辐射源反演获得整个环境区域的电磁态势,提高了态势生成的广度和准确度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的方法流程示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的方法具体实现示意图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的频谱传感器及承载平台的移动路线的仿真图;
图4为本发明实施例提供的辐射源识别和实际辐射源对应位置辐射功率的相对误差示意图;
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种辐射源识别性能比较示意图;
图6为本发明实施例提供的辐射源识别与固定传感器条件下的辐射源识别性能比较示意图;
图7(a)为本发明实施例提供的一种实际辐射源功率示意图;
图7(b)为本发明实施例提供的固定传感器条件下重构辐射源功率示意图;
图7(c)为本发明实施例提供的生成频谱态势的方法所识别的辐射源功率示意图;
图7(d)为本发明实施例提供的一种实际电磁态势示意图;
图7(e)为本发明实施例提供的固定传感器条件下电磁态势反演的示意图;
图7(f)为本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法对电磁态势反演的示意图;
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的装置组成示意图;
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的装置具体硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此,以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例期望能够提供一种生成频谱态势的方法,能够在广域环境中实现高精度频谱态势的生成。
基于前述常规方案中所出现的问题,参见图1,其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的方法流程,所述方法可以包括:
S101:在由N点网格形成的环境区域中设置T个移动节点;
S102:针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点;
S103:获取每个感知节点的感知数据;
S104:根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息;
S105:根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源;
S106:基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS;其中,所述环境区域内的参考点为所述N点网络中的网格顶点。
需要说明的是,在具体实现时,每个移动节点具体可以是频谱传感器,每个频谱传感器可以对应的设置于环境区域内的可移动承载平台,例如车、船、飞机、飞船、卫星等,本发明实施例对此不做赘述。通过承载平台的移动性,扩大了频谱感知的空间范围,并且随着承载平台的移动,每个移动节点均能够获取足够熟料的电磁频谱数据,从而在不增加移动节点数量的情况下,增加了数据监测的样本,从而不仅能够有效减少感知设备的数量;还只需少量样本(M个感知节点的接收信号强度)进行算法实现,降低了计算复杂度和处理时间短,满足电磁态势反演的实时性要求。此外,每个承载平台均还搭载有定位系统模块,例如全球定位系统(GPS,Global Positioning System)模块、北斗定位系统模块等,从而能够通过定位系统模块获取自身所处的承载平台的位置信息来得到频谱传感器,也就是移动节点的位置信息。并且,频谱传感器的个数T远小于网格顶点数N,从而无需按照常规方案在每个网格顶点处设置传感器来测量该网格顶点处的接收信号强度。
通过图1所示的技术方案,由于通过在环境区域内设置移动节点从而可以将频谱传感器设备依附于少量可移动承载平台上,扩大了频谱感知的空间范围,可用于大面积区域频谱态势生成;此外,当环境区域同样采用N点网格布局的情况下,无需按照常规方案在每个网格顶点处设置传感器来测量该网格顶点处的接收信号强度,而仅需环境区域内设置少量的移动节点,就能够实现电磁态势的生成,从而能有效减少感知设备的数量;并且只需少量样本(M个感知节点的接收信号强度)进行算法实现,故计算复杂度低、时间短,可满足电磁态势反演的实时性要求。最后,本发明实施例在利用感知节点测量得到接收信号强度RSS后,实现对辐射源的识别,进而依据电磁环境传播模型,通过识别的辐射源反演获得整个环境区域的电磁态势,提高了态势生成的广度和准确度。
对于图1所示的技术方案,在一种可能的实现方式中,S102所述的针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点,包括:
针对每个移动节点,在所述环境区域内依次随机选取n个参考点作为目的地进行移动;根据每个移动节点在依次到达目的地时形成感知节点。
相应地,所述获取每个感知节点的感知数据,包括:
每个移动节点在依次到达目的地时,对应测量目的地的位置信息以及接收信号强度RSS。
具体来说,针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点后,在所述环境区域内感知节点的数量M为M=n·T;那么对于S103所述的每个感知节点的感知数据,具体就可以包括:每个感知节点的接收信号强度RSS以及每个感知节点的位置信息;
相应地,所述所有感知节点的感知数据就可以包括:所述M个感知节点的接收信号强度RSS所构成的M维第一列向量P s∈R M,以及所述M个感知节点的位置矩阵Φ MN;其中,所述Φ MN的元素
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000005
S={s k|k=1,2,...,M}表示感知节点的集合,s k表示第k个感知节点;V={V j|j=1,2,...,N}表示所有参考节点的集合,V j表示第j个参考节点;s k∈V j表示第k个感知节点位于第j个参考点上,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000006
表示第k个感知节点不位于第j个参考点上。
结合图1所示的技术方案以及上述实现方式,在一种可能的实现方式中,S104所述的根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息,可以包括:
确定电磁波在二维自由空间中第i个参考点与第j个参考点间的传播模型如下式所示:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000007
其中,i,j∈{1,2,...,N},i用于标识第i个参考点,j用于标识第j个参考点,P jr表示第j个参考点的接收功率;P it表示第i个参考点的辐射功率;G jr表示第j个参考点的接收天线增益,G it表示第i个参考点的发射天线增益;λ为电磁波的工作波长;d ij表示第i个参考点的发射天线与第j个参考点的接收天线之间的距离,G jr、G it均为已知常量;
将所述传播模型进行简化,获得下式所示的简化后的传播模型:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000008
其中,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000009
表示第i个参考点与第j个参考点之间的损耗系数;
基于所述简化后的传播模型,构建路径损耗矩阵Ψ,所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ中的元素
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000010
所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ是一个N×N矩阵。
结合图1所示的技术方案以及上述实现方式,在一种可能的实现方式中,S105所述的根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源,包括:
基于所述M个感知节点的位置矩阵Φ MN以及所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ,通过下式获取传感矩阵Q:
Q=Φ MNΨ
根据下式所示的所述第一列向量P s与N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维第二列向量P t之间的对应关系,获取所述K个辐射源的位置以及所述第二列向量:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000011
其中,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000012
为加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率;所述第二列向量P t∈R N,P t∈R N表示P t为N维的向量;列向量ε表示传感器的测量误差,并且ε∈R M表示ε为M维的向量。
针对上述实现方式,获取所述K个辐射源的位置以及所述第二列向量,包括:
按照下式构造预处理数据P proc
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000013
基于所述预处理数据P proc,根据最小L1-范数以及下式,获得辐射源的位置和所述第二列向量P t
min||P t||,s.t.||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ
其中,||·||表示1-范数运算符;||·|| 2表示2-范数运算符;μ为收敛精度,min表示最小化,s.t.表示“约束为”运算符;在满足约束条件为||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ的条件下,使得所述第二列向量P t的所有元素模值的和最小,在所述所有元素模值的和最小的第二列向量P t中,非零元素对应的参考点处为辐射源位置,非零元素的值表示相应位置处辐射源的功率。
结合图1所示的技术方案以及上述实现方式,在一种可能的实现方式中,S106所述的基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS,包括:
按照下式获取所述环境区域内N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS所构成的第三列向量P r
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000014
其中,所述第三列向量P r∈R N表示所述N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000015
表示加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率。
前述关于图1所示的技术方案,通过对传感器进行广域的虚拟密集化,以实现网格顶点处信号强度的测量,并对接收信号强度进行预处理,实现辐射源的识别,最终生成电磁态势。基于此,本发明实施例通过图2所示的具体实现流程对上述技术方案进行详细阐述。参见图2,示出了本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的方法具体实现流程,该流程可以包括如下步骤:
步骤201,确定和配置复杂电磁环境参数。
可以理解地,在实际场景中,电磁环境是千变万化的,不可能用一个普遍适用的、准确的数学模型来仿真。为此在具体实现过程中可以进行如下合理的假设和简化:
作为环境区域的实验区域,可以采用N点网格布局。在该实验区域中,根据环境规模需要在该实验区域设置一定数量的辐射源,辐射源的个数为K,K个辐射源随机的分布 在N个网格顶点处,辐射源的个数和位置未知,辐射源的辐射功率随机分布,辐射源的类型不受限制,在本发明实施例中,可以是通信设备、干扰机、发射设备中的一种或多种,在此不作赘述。在该实验区域设置T个可移动的承载平台,例如车、船、飞机、飞船、卫星等,移动平台搭载频谱传感器和定位系统模块,例如全球定位系统(GPS,Global Positioning System)模块、北斗定位系统模块等,从而能够通过定位系统模块获取自身所处的承载平台的位置信息来得到频谱传感器,也就是移动节点的位置信息。并且,频谱传感器的个数T远小于网格顶点数N,从而无需按照常规方案在每个网格顶点处设置传感器来测量该网格顶点处的接收信号强度。
步骤202,广域虚拟密集化获取感知数据。
具体来说,初始阶段,可以将T个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台随机的分布在所述实验区域的参考点处,将所述T个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台虚拟成T个移动节点,每个移动节点通过移动从而密集化出n个感知节点用于获取感知数据,该感知数据可以包括接收信号强度RSS和感知节点的位置信息,所述T个移动节点共能够密集化出M=n·T个感知节点,将M个感知节点获取的感知数据中的接收信号强度RSS构成M维的列向量P s∈R M,其中,R M表示M维的向量空间,P s∈R M表示P s为M维的向量。
其中,每个移动节点移动后密集化出n个感知节点用于获取感知数据,该感知数据包括接收信号强度RSS和位置信息,在实现时,可以包括以下步骤:
每个移动节点在所述试验区域内随机选取一个参考点作为目的地,并朝着该目的地移动,当到达该目的地时,将该移动节点称为该目的地即该参考点处的感知节点,该感知节点的频谱传感器、定位系统模块分别测量该参考点处的接收信号强度RSS和位置信息用于组成感知数据;之后,该移动节点继续随机选择一个参考点作为新的目的地并继续朝着该目的地移动,到达新目的地时,测量此新目的地即参考点上的接收信号强度RSS和位置信息,重复上述步骤,直至该移动节点途径n个参考节点并获取了该参考节点处的感知数据,即一个移动节点移动后密集化出n个感知节点,其中,n称为密集化系数。
定位系统模块还用于记录移动节点的移动路线和感知节点的位置。
在一些实施例中,最初每个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台即移动节点随机的分布在所述实验区域的参考点处,该参考点处的移动节点也可记录为一个感知节点,并测量该参考点上的接收信号强度RSS和位置信息。
步骤203,根据感知数据中的位置信息,构建感知节点位置矩阵。
具体来说,由步骤202可知,定位系统模块能够记录每个感知节点的位置信息,从而根据M个感知节点的位置信息构建感知节点位置矩阵,由此可知:感知节点位置矩阵Φ可用如下公式表示:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000016
其中,S={s k|k=1,2,...,M}表示感知节点的集合,s k表示第k个感知节点,k用于标识第k个感知节点,V={V j|j=1,2,...,N}表示所有参考节点的集合,V j表示第j个参考节点,j用于标识第j个参考点,s k∈V j表示第k个感知节点位于第j个参考点上,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000017
表示第k个感知节点不位于第j个参考点上,感知节点位置矩阵[Φ] kj是M*N矩阵。
步骤204,根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗矩阵。
需要说明的是,电磁波通常在非规则、非单一的环境中传播,在估计路径损耗时,需要考虑传播路径上的地形、地貌,也要考虑到建筑物、树木、电线杆等障碍物,所以在不同环境中应选择不同的路径传输模型。常用的室外电磁传播模型有Okumura模型、Hata模型等。本发明实施例采用了自由空间的路径损耗模型进行阐述,可以理解地,其他模型也能够应用于本发明实施例的技术方案,在此不再赘述。基于此,步骤204具体可以包括:
(4a)设定电磁波在二维自由空间的第i个参考点与第j个参考点间的传播模型为:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000018
其中,i,j∈{1,2,...,N},i用于标识第个i参考点,j用于标识第j个参考点,P jr表示第j个参考点的接收功率;P it表示第i个参考点的发射功率;G jr表示第j个参考点的接收天线增益,G it表示第i个参考点的发射天线增益;λ为电磁波的工作波长;d ij表示第i个参考点的发射天线与第j个参考点的接收天线之间的距离,G jr、G it均为已知常量,则所述传播模型可以简化为:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000019
其中,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000020
表示第i个参考点与第j个参考点之间的损耗系数。(4b)
确定所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ可用如下公式表示:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000021
其中,路径损耗矩阵[Ψ] ij是一个N×N矩阵。
步骤205,根据感知节点位置矩阵、路径损耗矩阵进行辐射源识别,获得辐射源的位置和辐射功率。
需要说明的是,根据感知节点位置矩阵、路径损耗矩阵进行辐射源识别,获得辐射源的位置和辐射功率,包括如下步骤:
(5a)根据所述感知节点位置矩阵Φ、所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ,计算传感矩阵Q:
Q=ΦΨ
(5b)M个感知节点处的接收信号强度构成的M维的列向量P s与N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维的列向量P t之间存在以下关系:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000022
其中,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000023
为加性高斯白噪声(AWGN,Additive White Gaussian Noise)功率,列向量P t∈R N,R N表示N维的向量空间,P t∈R N表示P t为N维的向量,列向量ε∈R M表示传感器的测量误差,R M表示M维的向量空间,ε∈R M表示ε为M维的向量。
(5c)构造预处理数据P proc
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000024
(5d)根据最小L1-范数,按照下式方程求解辐射源的位置和N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维的列向量P t
min||P t||,s.t.||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ
其中,||·||表示1-范数,含义为向量中所有元素模值的和,||·|| 2表示2-范数,含义为向量中所有元素模值平方的和再开方,μ为收敛精度,min表示最小化,s.t.为subject to的简写表示“约束为”,整个方程的含义为在满足约束条件为||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ的条件下,使得P t的所有元素模值的和最小;而在所有元素模值的和最小的列向量P t中,非零元素对应的参考点处存在辐射源,非零元素的值代表该处对应辐射源功率的大小。
步骤206,根据识别的辐射源,电磁态势反演,求得N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS。
具体来说,可以按照如下公式求N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS构成的向量P r
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000025
其中,列向量P r∈R N表示N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS构成的N维向量,即N个参考点上的接收功率,列向量P t∈R N表示N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维向量,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000026
表示加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率,R N表示N维的向量空间,P r∈R N、P t∈R N表示P r、P t为N维的向量。
对于上述图1以及图2所示的技术方案,本发明实施例提出的一种生成频谱态势的方法的具体效果可以通过以下仿真进行说明:
设置仿真条件:
将实验区域布置在200m×200m的广场上,将其划分为20×20个的网格,每个网格的面积为100m 2,总网格顶点数N=400。将T个传感器,K个辐射源随机的分布在400个网格顶点上。将上述T个传感器分别放置在T个频谱传感器设备承载平台上,频谱传感器设备承载平台搭载GPS模块,将其虚拟成移动节点。在仿真过程中,每个移动节点在试验区域内随机选取一个参考点作为目的地,并朝着目的地移动。当到达目的地时,测量此目的地即参考点上的接收信号强度和位置信息。之后,该移动节点继续随机选择一个参考点作为新的目的地并继续朝着该目的地移动,到达新目的地时,测量此新目的地即参考点上的接收信号强度,周而复始。在获取数据时间内中,假设每个移动节点途径n个目的地,即一个移动节点移动后密集化出n个感知节点,则T个移动节点共途径M=n·T个目的地,获得M个参考点处的接收信号强度和位置信息。将这M个参考点的接收信号强度RSS构成M维的列向量P s∈R M。假设辐射频率为3MHz,辐射功率的可能值为P0的整数倍,即发射功率随机的分布在功率集合{P0,2P0,...,P m},其中,P0为参考功率、P m表示功率最大值。辐射功率重构的性能用相对误差来表示。辐射功率重构时,辐射源个数和位置未知。
基于上述仿真条件,本发明实施例通过以下6个具体仿真示例阐述本发明实施例提出的一种生成频谱态势的方法的技术效果。
仿真示例1:
设置频谱传感器T=5,密集化系数n=6,感知节点M=n·T=30,传感器设备及其承载平台移动路线的仿真图如图3所示。
由图3可以看出,每个移动节点移动后密集化出6个感知节点,M ij表示第i个传感器虚拟密集化出的第j个感知节点,移动节点随机移动,使得密集化的感知节点空间分布也具有随机性。
仿真示例2:
在K=8个辐射源的辐射功率随机的分布在功率集合的条件下,对本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法的识别性能进行仿真。辐射源识别的性能用相对误差PowE来表示,计算方法是取辐射源真实辐射功率向量和识别辐射功率向量对应元素差值的绝对值的和与参考辐射功率P0的比值,具体如下:
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000027
其中,P t为辐射源的真实辐射功率构成的N×1维向量,P t(i)表示第i个参考点上辐射源的真实辐射功率,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000028
为辐射源的识别辐射功率构成的N×1维向量,
Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-000029
表示第i个参考点上辐射源的识别辐射功率,P0为参考功率。每次实验中,辐射源随机的分布在400个网格顶点上,,辐射功率随机的分布在功率集合中,传感器T=5,密集化系数n=20,重复实验100次,辐射源的识别性能仿真结果如图4所示。
由图4可以看出,在100次试验中,相对误差保持在10 -12以上,相对误差特别小且较稳定,说明本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法的辐射源的识别性能优越,且对辐射源位置、传感器设备及其承载平台的移动路径和辐射源辐射功率都有鲁棒性。
仿真示例3:
将K=8个辐射源随机的分布在400个网格顶点上,T=10个频谱传感器随机分布在实验区域内,辐射功率随机的分布在功率集合中。每次实验中,改变密集化系数,辐射源的识别性能仿真结果对比如图5所示。
由图5可以看出,本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法能够对传感器进行广域虚拟密集化,尽管传感器数量不变,但随着虚密集化系数的增大,对辐射源识别的相对误差越来越小,即辐射源的识别性能越来越好。当密集化系数n=4即虚拟的感知节点数M=40时,相对误差已经接近于零,说明已经达到了很高的辐射源识别性能。
仿真示例4:
设定频谱传感器未放置在移动平台上,则频谱传感器初始化时随机分布在网格顶点处,但在整个实验过程中频谱传感器位置固定,也就是固定传感器条件下,仅能测量获得T个传感器位置处的参考点的接收信号强度,并作为感知节点处的接收信号强度,此时感知节点的个数等于频谱传感器个数。而本发明实施例中,将K=8个辐射源随机的分布在400个网格顶点上,辐射功率随机的分布在功率集合中,密集化系数n=2。每次实验中,改变传感器的个数,感知节点个数也随之改变,辐射源的识别性能仿真结果对比如图6所示。在图6中,曲线1表示了固定传感器条件下的辐射源识别性能,曲线2表示了广域虚拟密集化的辐射源识别性能。
由图6可以看出,随着传感器数目的增多,固定传感器条件下和广域虚拟密集化的辐射源识别相对误差都越来越小,即辐射源识别性能越来越好;
曲线1和曲线2对比可以看出,当传感器个数小于44个时,相同数量的传感器条件下,本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法对辐射源的识别性能比固定位置传感器下对辐射源的识别性能要高,体现了本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法的辐射源识 别的优越性。
仿真示例5:
设定T=20个频谱传感器,K=8个辐射源随机地分布在400个网格顶点上,密集化系数n=5。对本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法所识别到的辐射源的辐射功率和电磁态势反演进行仿真,并将其与仿真示例4中固定传感器条件下所识别到的辐射源的辐射功率和电磁态势反演仿真进行对比。仿真结果如图7所示。
其中,图7(a)表示实际辐射源功率示意;图7(b)表示固定传感器条件下重构辐射源功率示意;图7(c)表示本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法所识别的辐射源功率示意;图7(d)表示实际电磁态势示意;图7(e)表示固定传感器条件下电磁态势反演的示意;图7(f)表示本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法对电磁态势反演的示意。
由图7可以看出,颜色的深浅可以表示功率的大小,等高线表示了辐射源的覆盖范围,可以直观的看出辐射源的位置和辐射功率大小,以及各点的电磁态势。从图7(a)、图7(b)、图7(c)关于辐射源功率图对比可以看出,通过本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法对辐射源的识别时,其重构功率的大小和位置基本上与实际辐射源辐射的功率和位置一致,本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法所重构得到的辐射源功率的准确度比固定传感器条件下重构辐射源功率的准确度高。从图7(d)、图7(e)、图7(f)关于电磁态势示意图对比可以看出,该电磁态势示意图是指实验区域400个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS(接收功率)的可视化图,本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法对电磁态势的反演示意图图基本上与实际电磁态势图一致,即本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法所反演得到的参考点上的接收信号强度RSS(接收功率)的大小和位置基本上与实际接收信号强度RSS一致,本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法对于电磁态势反演的准确度比固定传感器条件下电磁态势反演的准确度要高。说明本发明实施例所提出的生成频谱态势的方法更能够准确实现辐射源的识别,进而实现电磁态势的反演。
综合上述仿真分析,本发明实施例可在少量传感器位置随机分布,辐射源位置和辐射功率随机分布的条件下,对传感器进行广域虚拟密集化,实现辐射源识别,进而实现广域虚拟化频谱态势的生成。
基于前述技术方案相同的发明构思,参见图8,其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的装置80,所述装置80可以包括:设置部分801、密集化部分802、获取部分803、构建部分804、识别部分805和反演部分806;
其中,所述设置部分801,配置为在由N点网格形成的环境区域中设置T个移动节点;所述密集化部分802,配置为针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点;所述获取部分803,配置为获取每个感知节点的感知数据;所述构建部分804,配置为根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息;所述识别部分805,配置为根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源;所述反演部分806,配置为基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS;其中,所述环境区域内的参考点为所述N点网络中的网格顶点。
对于图8所示的技术方案,所述设置部分801具体可以配置为执行图1中的步骤S101,以及关于所述设置部分801的具体描述可以参照步骤S101的描述。
对于图8所示的技术方案,所述密集化部分802具体可以配置为执行图1中的步骤S102,以及关于所述密集化部分802的具体描述可以参照步骤S102的描述。
对于图8所示的技术方案,所述获取部分803,具体可以配置为执行图1中的步骤S103,以及关于所述获取部分803的具体描述可以参照步骤S103的描述。
对于图8所示的技术方案,所述构建部分804,具体可以配置为执行图1中的步骤S104,以及关于所述构建部分804的具体描述可以参照步骤S104的描述。
对于图8所示的技术方案,所述识别部分805,具体可以配置为执行图1中的步骤S105,以及关于所述识别部分805的具体描述可以参照步骤S105的描述。
对于图8所示的技术方案,所述反演部分806,具体可以配置为执行图1中的步骤S106,以及关于所述反演部分806的具体描述可以参照步骤S105的描述。
可以理解地,在本实施例中,“部分”可以是部分电路、部分处理器、部分程序或软件等等,当然也可以是单元,还可以是模块也可以是非模块化的。
另外,在本实施例中的各组成部分可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并非作为独立的产品进行销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中,基于这样的理解,本实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)或processor(处理器)执行本实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
因此,本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质,所述计算机存储介质存储有生成频谱态势的程序,所述生成频谱态势的程序被至少一个处理器执行时实现上述图1或者图2所示的所述生成频谱态势的方法步骤。
基于上述生成频谱态势的装置80以及计算机存储介质,参见图9,其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种生成频谱态势的装置80的具体硬件结构,可以包括:通信接口901、存储器902和处理器903;各个组件通过总线系统904耦合在一起。可理解,总线系统904用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。总线系统904除包括数据总线之外,还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见,在图9中将各种总线都标为总线系统904。其中,通信接口901,用于在与其他外部网元之间进行收发信息过程中,信号的接收和发送;
存储器902,用于存储能在处理器903上运行的计算机程序;
处理器903,用于在运行所述计算机程序时,执行上述图1或者图2所示的所述生成频谱态势的方法步骤。
可以理解,本发明实施例中的存储器902可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器,或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中,非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM,PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM,EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM,EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM),其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明,许多形式的RAM可用,例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM,SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM,DRAM)、 同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM,SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM,DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM,ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM,SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM,DRRAM)。本文描述的系统和方法的存储器902旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
而处理器903可能是一种集成电路芯片,具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中,上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器903中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器903可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成,或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器,闪存、只读存储器,可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器902,处理器903读取存储器902中的信息,结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解的是,本文描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现,处理单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits,ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing,DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device,DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device,PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本申请所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。
对于软件实现,可通过执行本文所述功能的模块(例如过程、函数等)来实现本文所述的技术。软件代码可存储在存储器中并通过处理器执行。存储器可以在处理器中或在处理器外部实现。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。
工业实用性
本发明实施例中,通过在环境区域内设置移动节点从而可以将频谱传感器设备依附于少量可移动承载平台上,扩大了频谱感知的空间范围,可用于大面积区域频谱态势生成;此外,当环境区域同样采用N点网格布局的情况下,无需按照常规方案在每个网格顶点处设置传感器来测量该网格顶点处的接收信号强度,而仅需环境区域内设置少量的移动节点,就能够实现电磁态势的生成,从而能有效减少感知设备的数量;并且只需少量样本(M个感知节点的接收信号强度)进行算法实现,故计算复杂度低、时间短,可满足电磁态势反演的实时性要求。最后,本发明实施例在利用感知节点测量得到接收信号强度RSS后,实现对辐射源的识别,进而依据电磁环境传播模型,通过识别的辐射源反演获得整个环境区域的电磁态势,提高了态势生成的广度和准确度。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种生成频谱态势的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    在由N点网格形成的环境区域中设置T个移动节点;
    针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点;
    获取每个感知节点的感知数据;
    根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息;
    根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源;
    基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS;其中,所述环境区域内的参考点为所述N点网络中的网格顶点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点,包括:
    针对每个移动节点,在所述环境区域内依次随机选取n个参考点作为目的地进行移动;根据每个移动节点在依次到达目的地时形成感知节点,
    相应地,所述获取每个感知节点的感知数据,包括:
    每个移动节点在依次到达目的地时,对应测量目的地的位置信息以及接收信号强度RSS。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点后,所述环境区域内感知节点的数量M为M=n*T;所述每个感知节点的感知数据,包括:每个感知节点的接收信号强度RSS以及每个感知节点的位置信息;
    相应地,所述所有感知节点的感知数据包括:所述M个感知节点的接收信号强度RSS所构成的M维第一列向量P s∈R M,以及所述M个感知节点的位置矩阵Φ MN;其中,所述Φ MN的元素
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100001
    S={s k|k=1,2,...,M}表示感知节点的集合,s k表示第k个感知节点;V={V j|j=1,2,...,N}表示所有参考节点的集合,V j表示第j个参考节点;s k∈V j表示第k个感知节点位于第j个参考点上,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100002
    表示第k个感知节点不位于第j个参考点上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息,包括:
    确定电磁波在二维自由空间中第i个参考点与第j个参考点间的传播模型如下式所示:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100003
    其中,i,j∈{1,2,...,N},i用于标识第i个参考点,j用于标识第j个参考点,P jr表示第j个参考点的接收功率;P it表示第i个参考点的辐射功率;G jr表示第j个参考点的接收天线增益,G it表示第i个参考点的发射天线增益;λ为电磁波的工作波长;d ij表示第 i个参考点的发射天线与第j个参考点的接收天线之间的距离,G jr、G it均为已知常量;
    将所述传播模型进行简化,获得下式所示的简化后的传播模型:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100004
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100005
    表示第i个参考点与第j个参考点之间的损耗系数;
    基于所述简化后的传播模型,构建路径损耗矩阵Ψ,所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ中的元素
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100006
    所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ是一个N×N矩阵。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源,包括:
    基于所述M个感知节点的位置矩阵Φ MN以及所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ,通过下式获取传感矩阵Q:
    Q=Φ MNΨ
    根据下式所示的所述第一列向量P s与N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维第二列向量P t之间的对应关系,获取所述K个辐射源的位置以及所述第二列向量:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100007
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100008
    为加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率;所述第二列向量P t∈R N,P t∈R N表示P t为N维的向量;列向量ε表示传感器的测量误差,并且ε∈R M表示ε为M维的向量。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述获取所述K个辐射源的位置以及所述第二列向量,包括:
    按照下式构造预处理数据P proc
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100009
    基于所述预处理数据P proc,根据最小L1-范数以及下式,获得辐射源的位置和所述第二列向量P t
    min||P t||,s.t.||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ
    其中,||·||表示1-范数运算符;||·|| 2表示2-范数运算符;μ为收敛精度,min表示最小化,s.t.表示“约束为”运算符;在满足约束条件为||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ的条件下,使得所述第二列向量P t的所有元素模值的和最小,在所述所有元素模值的和最小的第二列向量P t中,非零元素对应的参考点处为辐射源位置,非零元素的值表示相应位置处辐射源的功率。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS,包括:
    按照下式获取所述环境区域内N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS所构成的第三列向量P r
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100010
    其中,所述第三列向量P r∈R N表示所述N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100011
    表示加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率。
  8. 一种广域虚拟密集化频谱态势生成方法,其特征在于,将频谱传感器设备依附于少量车、船等承载平台上,利用频谱传感器设备承载平台的移动性,通过在监测持续时间内多次获取当前位置的电磁频谱数据,实现频谱感知节点密集虚拟化,增多频谱监测样本,再利用频谱态势稀疏反演理论,生成广域高分辨率的电磁频谱态势,所述方法包括如下步骤:
    (1)确定和配置复杂电磁环境参数:实验区域采用N点网格布局,K个辐射源、T个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台随机的分布在所述实验区域的网格顶点处,此承载平台搭载GPS模块,用于同步记录感知节点处的位置信息和频谱传感器设备及其承载平台移动路线,将所述N个网格顶点选做N个参考点;
    (2)广域虚拟密集化获取感知数据:将所述T个频谱传感器设备及其承载平台虚拟成T个移动节点,每个移动节点移动后密集化出n个感知节点用于获取感知数据,该感知数据包括接收信号强度RSS和位置信息,所述T个移动节点共密集化出M=n*T个感知节点,将M个感知节点获取的感知数据中的接收信号强度RSS构成M维的列向量P s∈R M
    (3)根据感知数据中的位置信息,构建感知节点位置矩阵,所述感知节点位置矩阵Φ可用如下公式表示:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100012
    其中,S={s k|k=1,2,...,M}表示感知节点的集合,s k表示第k个感知节点,k用于标识第k个感知节点,V={V j|j=1,2,...,N}表示所有参考节点的集合,V j表示第j个参考节点,j用于标识第j个参考点,s k∈V j表示第k个感知节点位于第j个参考点上,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100013
    表示第k个感知节点不位于第j个参考点上,所述感知节点位置矩阵[Φ] kj是M*N矩阵;
    (4)根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗矩阵Ψ;
    (5)根据所述感知节点位置矩阵、所述路径损耗矩阵进行辐射源识别,获得辐射源的位置和辐射功率;
    (6)根据识别的辐射源,电磁态势反演,求得N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100014
    其中,列向量P r∈R N表示N个参考点上的接收信号强度RSS构成的N维列向量,列向量P t∈R N表示N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维列向量,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100015
    表示加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种广域密集化频谱态势生成方法,所述步骤(2)中每个移动节点移动后密集化出n个感知节点用于获取感知数据,该感知数据包括接收信号强度RSS和位置信息,包括如下步骤:
    每个移动节点在所述试验区域内随机选取一个参考点作为目的地,并朝着该目的地移 动,当到达该目的地时,将该移动节点称为该目的地即该参考点处的感知节点,测量该参考点处的接收信号强度RSS和位置信息用于组成感知数据,重复上述步骤,直至该移动节点途径n个参考节点并获取了该参考节点处的感知数据,其中,n称为密集化系数。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种广域密集化频谱态势生成方法,所述步骤(4)中根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗矩阵Ψ,包括如下步骤:
    (4a)电磁波在二维自由空间的第i个参考点与第j个参考点间的传播模型为:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100016
    其中,i,j∈{1,2,...,N},i用于标识第个i参考点,j用于标识第j个参考点,P jr表示第j个参考点的接收功率;P it表示第i个参考点的辐射功率;G jr表示第j个参考点的接收天线增益,G it表示第i个参考点的发射天线增益;λ为电磁波的工作波长;d ij表示第i个参考点的发射天线与第j个参考点的接收天线之间的距离,G jr、G it均为已知常量,则所述传播模型可以简化为:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100017
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100018
    表示第i个参考点与第j个参考点之间的损耗系数;
    (4b)所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ可用如下公式表示:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100019
    其中,路径损耗矩阵[Ψ] ij是一个N*N矩阵。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的一种广域密集化频谱态势生成方法,所述步骤(5)中根据所述感知节点位置矩阵、所述路径损耗矩阵进行辐射源识别,获得辐射源的位置和辐射功率,包括如下步骤:
    (5a)根据所述感知节点位置矩阵Φ、所述路径损耗矩阵Ψ,计算传感矩阵Q:
    Q=ΦΨ
    (5b)M个感知节点处的接收信号强度构成的M维的列向量P s与N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维的列向量P t之间存在以下关系:
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100020
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100021
    为加性高斯白噪声AWGN功率,列向量P t∈R N,R N表示N维的向量空间,P t∈R N表示P t为N维的向量,列向量ε∈R M表示传感器的测量误差,R M表示M维的向量空间,ε∈R M表示ε为M维的向量;
    (5c)构造预处理数据P proc
    Figure PCTCN2019077088-appb-100022
    (5d)根据最小L1-范数,求解辐射源的位置和N个参考点上辐射源的辐射功率构成的N维的列向量P t
    min||P t||,s.t.||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ
    其中,||·||表示1-范数,含义为向量中所有元素模值的和,||·|| 2表示2-范数,含义为向量中所有元素模值平方的和再开方,μ为收敛精度,min表示最小化,s.t.为subject to的简写表示“约束为”,整个方程的含义为在满足约束条件为||P proc-QP t|| 2≤μ的条件下,使得P t的所有元素模值的和最小,N维的列向量P t非零元素对应的参考点处存在辐射源,其值代表辐射源功率的大小。
  12. 一种生成频谱态势的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:设置部分、密集化部分、获取部分、构建部分、识别部分和反演部分;
    其中,所述设置部分,配置为在由N点网格形成的环境区域中设置T个移动节点;所述密集化部分,配置为针对每个移动节点,通过移动密集化获得n个感知节点;所述获取部分,配置为获取每个感知节点的感知数据;所述构建部分,配置为根据电磁环境的电磁传播模型,构建路径损耗信息;所述识别部分,配置为根据所有感知节点的感知数据以及所述路径损耗信息识别所述环境区域内的K个辐射源;所述反演部分,配置为基于所述识别到的K个辐射源,通过设定的电磁态势反演策略,获得环境区域内各参考点上的接收信号强度RSS;其中,所述环境区域内的参考点为所述N点网络中的网格顶点。
  13. 一种生成频谱态势的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:通信接口、存储器和处理器;其中,所述通信接口,配置为在与其他外部设备之间进行收发信息过程中,信号的接收和发送;
    所述存储器,配置为存储能够在处理器上运行的计算机程序;
    所述处理器,配置为在运行所述计算机程序时,执行权利要求1至7任一项或者权利要求8至11任一项所述生成频谱态势的方法步骤。
  14. 一种计算机存储介质,所述计算机存储介质存储有生成频谱态势的程序,所述生成频谱态势的程序被至少一个处理器执行时实现权利要求1至7任一项或者权利要求8至11任一项所述生成频谱态势的方法步骤。
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CN117233850A (zh) * 2023-10-19 2023-12-15 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心(西南地质科技创新中心) 一种大地电磁信号处理方法与系统
CN117742641A (zh) * 2024-02-19 2024-03-22 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 一种多视角分层的电磁态势标绘显示方法及系统
CN117742641B (zh) * 2024-02-19 2024-04-23 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 一种多视角分层的电磁态势标绘显示方法及系统
CN117973521A (zh) * 2024-04-01 2024-05-03 南京邮电大学 一种低轨卫星频谱感知信息的知识图谱构建方法

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