WO2019161806A1 - 随机接入检测方法和装置 - Google Patents

随机接入检测方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2019161806A1
WO2019161806A1 PCT/CN2019/076196 CN2019076196W WO2019161806A1 WO 2019161806 A1 WO2019161806 A1 WO 2019161806A1 CN 2019076196 W CN2019076196 W CN 2019076196W WO 2019161806 A1 WO2019161806 A1 WO 2019161806A1
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processing
antenna
data
random access
storage area
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PCT/CN2019/076196
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李东
王佳东
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深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司
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Priority to KR1020207001645A priority Critical patent/KR20200018816A/ko
Priority to EP19757188.8A priority patent/EP3761602A4/en
Priority to JP2020512392A priority patent/JP7087066B2/ja
Publication of WO2019161806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019161806A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2689—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
    • H04L27/2692—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2646—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2649—Demodulators
    • H04L27/265—Fourier transform demodulators, e.g. fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2666—Acquisition of further OFDM parameters, e.g. bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, or guard interval length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2673—Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
    • H04L27/2675—Pilot or known symbols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, for example, to a random access detection method and apparatus.
  • the user equipment uses physical randomness.
  • the access channel Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • Certain subframes may be configured as PRACH subframes, and the UE may send a random access sequence on the subframes, and the random access sequence includes one or more preamble sequences, which are different according to the 4G/5G protocol standard. The random access sequence will be different.
  • the base station wants to support 4G/5G random access detection at the same time, most of the related technologies adopt two sets of random access signal processing devices (4G and 5G respectively), but one cell will only be 4G or 5G standard, so There are disadvantages of wasting resources.
  • the present disclosure provides a random access detection method and apparatus capable of simultaneously supporting random access detection of a wireless access system of a plurality of different communication standard protocols.
  • the present disclosure provides a random access detection method, including:
  • Data received from a set of antennas is sequentially stored in a first processing area corresponding to each antenna in units of symbols in units of processing; the set of antennas includes at least one antenna;
  • the pre-processed symbol data is buffered according to the determined wireless configuration parameter, and the pre-processed symbol data is buffered in the second storage area corresponding to each antenna; wherein the pre-processing includes at least: De-cycle prefix processing, spectrum shift processing, and decimation filtering processing.
  • the present disclosure provides a random access detecting apparatus, including:
  • An antenna data storage module configured to store data received from a group of antennas in a first processing area corresponding to each antenna in a sequence of symbols as a processing unit;
  • the group antenna includes at least one antenna;
  • the symbol data reading module is configured to sequentially read out data received from each antenna in a first storage area corresponding to each antenna by using a symbol as a processing unit, and determine a wireless configuration parameter corresponding to the read symbol data;
  • a first processing module configured to preprocess the read symbol data according to the determined wireless configuration parameter, and buffer the preprocessed symbol data in a second storage area corresponding to each antenna;
  • the pre-processing includes at least: de-cycle prefix processing, spectrum shift processing, and decimation filtering processing.
  • the present disclosure also provides a random access detecting apparatus, including: a memory, a processor, and a random access detecting program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, where the random access detecting program is The random access detection method described above is implemented when the processor executes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PRACH Preamble format of a related art 4G protocol
  • 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a PRACH Preamble format of a related art 5G protocol
  • 2(b) is a schematic diagram of a short code example in a Preamble format of the related art 5G protocol
  • 2(c) is a schematic diagram of a long code example in a Preamble format of the related art 5G protocol
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a random access detection method according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a random access detecting apparatus according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of data processing in a single protocol scenario provided by an embodiment
  • FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of data processing in two protocol scenarios provided by an embodiment.
  • the 4G uplink random access detection needs to extract one or more preambles at the same time domain resource and different frequency points, and restore the sequence to 839 points or 139 points, and the corresponding locally generated mother code.
  • the sequence (Zadoff-Chu sequence) performs convolution correlation processing, and performs peak detection on the obtained correlation sequence to obtain detailed information of the peak position.
  • the essence of random access detection is the process of convolution of the received sequence with the local mother code sequence. Due to the high computational complexity of the convolution correlation, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is usually used according to the convolution correlation calculation principle.
  • the related sequence is converted to the frequency domain for dot product operation, and the result is converted to the time domain by the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to obtain an equivalent result.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • the 4G PRACH channel preamble format includes format0-4.
  • the format format of the 4G PRACH channel preamble generally includes a Cyclic Prefix (CP), one or more preamble sequences, and a Guard Interval (GI).
  • Some format formats may also include a downlink pilot slot. (Down Pilot Time Slot, DwPTS) or Guard Period (GP).
  • the sampling rate described by the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol includes: 30.72 megahertz (MHz), 23.04 MHz, 19.20 MHz, 15.36 MHz, 11.52 MHz, 7.68 MHz, 5.76 MHz, 3.84 MHz, 1.92 MHz, etc. Sampling Rate.
  • each preamble sequence of Format 0 to 3 has 24576 sampling points
  • the preamble sequence of Format 4 has 4096 sampling points. Therefore, in the case of a relatively large system bandwidth and a large sampling rate, it is necessary to downsample, reduce the number of sampling points to the extent corresponding to the Zadoff-Chu sequence points, and then perform correlation processing with the locally generated cell Zadoff-Chu sequence. . This can reduce the amount of processing operations, save processing resources, and speed up processing.
  • each frequency point has the same bandwidth (for example, 1.08MHz), but the offset is different, the steps to be processed are the same. Therefore, most of the related schemes use a single-frequency random access signal processing device, that is, only one frequency can be processed at a time. Point random access processing (spectral shifting, filtering, downsampling, FFT, etc.). The amount of PRACH data per antenna is large, and each PRACH duration is also long (n Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). In the related art, the PRACH processing is usually started after all the points of one preamble are buffered, which requires a large storage space and a large processing delay.
  • SC-FDMA Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • Frequency Division Dual (FDD) mode there is only one access frequency point, so only one single frequency point device is needed.
  • TDD Time Division Duplexing
  • NR new radio
  • a preamble format may include one or more preambles, and one preamble includes a preamble sequence and a CP.
  • a preamble sequence includes one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.
  • the PRH preamble format of the 5G NR includes four long code formats (format0-format3) and ten short code formats (formatA0, formatA1, formatA2, formatA3, formatB0, formatB1, formatB2, formatB3, formatC1, formatC2). In the short code example shown in FIG.
  • one preamble occupies one symbol; in the formatB0 format, one preamble occupies two symbols; in the formatC1 format, one preamble occupies four symbols. symbol.
  • one RIF sequence may include two RACHs (Random Access Channels), and each RACH may include multiple symbols.
  • the difference between the PRACH preamble format types is the difference in the number of RACH, the length of the CP, and the length of the GP.
  • the sampling rate described by the 5G New Radio (NR) protocol includes: 19.2MHz, 30.72MHz, 38.4MHz, 46.08MHz, 61.44MHz, 76.8MHz, 92.16MHz, 107.52MHz, 122.88MHz, 153.6MHz, 184.32MHz, 214.04 13 sampling rates such as MHz and 245.76 MHz.
  • the protocol determines that the zadoff-Chu sequence with a length of 839 points produces each Preamble Sequence. There are 12288 sampling points in 30.72MHz that need to be extracted 8 times. At 245.76Mhz, there are 98304 sampling points to be done. 64 times extraction processing, the amount of data is very large.
  • the 5G NR protocol is still evolving, so it is necessary to consider the evolution of the post-protocol.
  • Most of the solutions in the related art use a fixed random access signal processing device, so that the protocol must be completely clear to design random access. Therefore, either waiting for the protocol to be completely determined, there is a time delay, or it is necessary to repeatedly design random access, and there is a waste of personnel.
  • the OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol is used as a data processing unit to perform de-CP, spectrum shifting, and decimation filtering processing on the uplink time domain antenna data, without buffering too much data, when the shared buffer is in OFDM or SC.
  • the -FDMA symbol data is a complete preamble followed by subsequent signal detection. Since the antenna data of the technical solution provided by the present disclosure is an OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol as a processing unit, the random access detecting method provided by the present disclosure can seamlessly switch the PRACH data of 4G and 5G. This speeds up processing, reduces antenna data caching, and reduces resource consumption. It can flexibly support a variety of different 4G/5G configuration scenarios, and has good scalability: it can easily add new processing devices for parallel processing, and can flexibly adapt to the evolution of 4G/5G protocol by adopting parameter configuration. .
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a random access detection method according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.
  • Step S310 storing data received from a group of antennas in a first processing area corresponding to each antenna in a sequence of symbols as a processing unit; the set of antennas includes one Or multiple antennas.
  • Step S320 sequentially reading data received from each antenna from the first storage area corresponding to each antenna in units of symbols, and determining wireless configuration parameters corresponding to the read symbol data.
  • Step S330 pre-processing the read symbol data according to the determined wireless configuration parameter, and buffering the pre-processed symbol data in a second storage area corresponding to each antenna; wherein the pre-processing is at least Including: de-cyclic prefix processing, spectrum shift processing, and decimation filtering processing.
  • the symbol data refers to the uplink time domain data received by the antenna.
  • the corresponding data is read out from the first storage area every time the symbol is a processing unit.
  • the random access detection method can be implemented on a base station.
  • the wireless configuration parameter includes at least one of the following information: a communication protocol type, a preamble format type of the physical random access channel, a sampling rate, and an extraction multiple.
  • the communication protocol type includes: a fourth generation communication system protocol or a fifth generation mobile communication system protocol.
  • the symbol includes: an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol or a single carrier frequency division multiple access SC-FDMA symbol.
  • the method further includes: pre-configuring wireless configuration parameters of each of the set of antennas; establishing a corresponding first storage area for each of the antennas according to a wireless configuration parameter of each antenna; The second storage area.
  • the wireless configuration parameter corresponding to the symbol data is a wireless configuration parameter of the corresponding antenna.
  • the de-cyclic prefix processing is performed according to the determined radio configuration parameter, for example, the de-CP processing may remove the CP and the GI according to the PRACH preamble frame structure according to the sampling rate and the preamble format, if DwTPS exists. And the GP also needs to remove the DwTPS and GP, leaving a really valid preamble sequence sample point.
  • the effective preamble sequence data length is different.
  • it is necessary to know the protocol type of the currently processed data (the protocol type corresponding to each symbol data to be processed), the corresponding bandwidth, and the preamble format, and then determine each OFDM symbol or SC-FDMA symbol. De-CP type, design parameters for spectrum shifting, decimation filter parameters, and data output length.
  • the spectrum shift is performed according to the determined wireless configuration parameters. For example, spectrum shifting can move the frequency band occupied by the PRACH to the center position of the baseband according to the PRACH spectrum parameter.
  • the decimation filtering process is performed according to the determined wireless configuration parameters, for example, the sampling multiple is determined according to the sampling rate, the number of frequency points included in the frequency band, and the preamble format type, and the down sampling processing is performed.
  • the filter can be implemented by a half-band filter, supporting 4G and 5G protocols, and nearly 20 sampling rates.
  • 4G LTE a level 1 decimation filter can be designed.
  • 5G NR has large bandwidth and the protocol has been evolving, it can design 2 levels of decimation filtering. According to the 2 levels of multiple decimation rate configuration, it can support multiple complex decimation rate requirements to adapt to 5G protocol evolution and has high flexibility. degree.
  • the 5G NR is set to a 2-stage decimation filter, and the 4G LTE decimation filtering process can also be implemented.
  • the method further includes: the presence of the second storage area corresponding to an antenna is completed.
  • the preamble detection processing includes at least: a fast Fourier transform FFT processing, a mother code correlation processing, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, and a peak detection processing.
  • the frequency domain signal generated by the FFT operation can directly extract the sequence of each frequency point according to the spectrum distribution, and the sequence length is n points (different protocols have different definitions).
  • FFT and IFFT can use the same FFT calculation module to complete 256 points, 320 points, 384 points, 512 points, 640 points, 768 points, 1024 points, 1280 points, 1536 points, 1920 points, 2048 points, 2304 points, 3072 FFT/IFFT processing of points, 3584 points, 4096 points, 5120 points, 6144 points, 7168 points, and 8192 points.
  • the mother code correlation processing means that the local cell generates a local mother code sequence according to the wireless configuration parameter, and frequency-domain multiplies the sequence of each frequency point extracted from the mother code sequence and the FFT output result, and the obtained result is obtained. Subsequent processing such as IFFT inverse transform yields a set of sequences that are used for subsequent peak detection.
  • the peak detection processing means that the base station finds the checkpoint corresponding to the largest time domain correlation value in the current preamble data after the mother code correlation processing, and the peak value of the time domain correlation value is greater than the set peak detection threshold and the noise power. In the case, it is considered that the preamble signal is detected.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a random access detecting apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • the apparatus provided in this embodiment includes: an antenna data storage module 401, configured to store data received from a group of antennas in a sequence of processing units from each antenna in units of symbols.
  • the set of antennas includes at least one antenna; and a symbol data reading module 402 configured to sequentially read out from the first storage area corresponding to each antenna by using a symbol as a processing unit Determining, from the data received by each antenna, a wireless configuration parameter corresponding to the read symbol data; the first processing module 403 is configured to perform pre-processing on the read symbol data according to the determined wireless configuration parameter, and The pre-processed symbol data is buffered in the second storage area corresponding to each antenna; wherein the pre-processing includes at least: de-cycle prefix processing, spectrum shift processing, and decimation filtering processing.
  • the apparatus further includes: a second processing module, configured to have at least one symbol data that has been preprocessed in a second storage area corresponding to an antenna, and the at least one data has already constituted
  • the preamble detection process is performed on the complete preamble data of the antenna according to the radio configuration parameter corresponding to the antenna; wherein the preamble detection process includes at least : Fast Fourier Transform FFT processing, mother code correlation processing, fast Fourier transform IFFT processing, and peak detection processing.
  • the wireless configuration parameter includes at least one of the following information: a communication protocol type, a preamble format type of the physical random access channel, a sampling rate, and an extraction multiple.
  • the symbol includes: an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol or a single carrier frequency division multiple access SC-FDMA symbol.
  • the communication protocol type includes: a fourth generation communication system protocol or a fifth generation mobile communication system protocol.
  • the apparatus further includes: a configuration module configured to pre-configure wireless configuration parameters of each of the set of antennas; and establish corresponding to each antenna according to wireless configuration parameters of each antenna The first storage area and the second storage area.
  • the random access detecting device of this example includes a hardware acceleration module and a software processing module. Supports multiple sample rates described by the 4G LTE protocol and multiple sample rates described by the 5G NR protocol. Among them, the sampling rate and bandwidth can be flexibly matched according to system requirements.
  • the hardware acceleration module of the random access detecting device uses OFDM or SC-FDMA symbols as processing units, and preprocesses data received from each antenna and caches the data in a shared cache, where the preprocessing includes: CP processing, spectrum shifting, filtering and extraction processing.
  • the software processing module needs to complete the FFT/IFFT processing, and there is data interleaving, so it cannot be processed in units of OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol data.
  • the hardware acceleration module is required to complete a complete PRACH preamble data of one antenna before starting software subsequent processing. After detecting the complete preamble in the shared cache, the software processing module performs subsequent processing: IFFT, mother code related processing, peak detection, and the like.
  • the PRACH data is an OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol, which is sequentially input.
  • the data received by the hardware acceleration module according to the OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol time is The processing unit starts PRACH processing every time data of one OFDM or SC-FDMA time is received.
  • a PRACH of multiple antennas needs to be processed at one OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol time, for example, sequentially completing 4G and 5G in one OFDM symbol time.
  • Different protocols of PRACH data processing and need to protect the intermediate results of the PRACH data of different antennas, wait for the next OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol data to arrive, restore the data of the corresponding antenna and then continue processing.
  • the de-CP processing may remove the CP and the GI according to the PRACH preamble frame structure according to the sampling rate and the Format, and if the DwTPS and the GP are present, the DwTPS and the GP need to be removed, and the truly valid Preamble Sequence sampling point remains. .
  • the effective Preamble Sequence data length is different in different preamble format scenarios with different protocols.
  • the parameter parsing module needs to know the protocol type of the currently processed data (the protocol type corresponding to each symbol data to be processed), the corresponding bandwidth, and the preamble format, and the parameter parsing module parses out each OFDM symbol or SC.
  • the spectrum shifting may be performed by the digital mixing unit according to the PRACH spectrum parameter parsed by the parameter parsing module, and the frequency band occupied by the PRACH is moved to the center position of the baseband.
  • the spectrum shift processing unit processes the PRACH data according to OFDM or SC-FDMA symbol time division, and needs to save and restore the scene of the digital mixing unit to complete switching of multiple protocols and multiple antennas. For example, when performing spectrum shifting of the symbol m of the antenna n, it is necessary to first recover the processing information of the symbol m-1 of the antenna n by the digital mixing unit, and then process the symbol m of the antenna n.
  • the extraction module needs to determine the extraction multiple according to the sampling rate, the number of frequency points included in the frequency band, and the preamble Format type, and perform the downsampling process.
  • the filter is implemented with a half-band filter that supports both 4G and 5G protocols, with nearly 20 sample rates. A variety of filtering bandwidths are supported according to the number of frequency points included in the frequency band, which are 1.08 MHz, 2.16 MHz, 3.24 MHz, 4.32 MHz, 5.40 MHz, and 6.48 MHz, respectively. Since the extraction module processes the PRACH data in a symbol time-time-sharing manner, it is necessary to protect the filtering scene and restore the filtering field operation. For 4G LTE, only one level of decimation filter is required.
  • Table 1 is a partial description of the 4G LTE decimation filter design.
  • 5G NR has a large bandwidth and the protocol has been evolving. Therefore, when designing the decimation filter, a 2-stage decimation filter design can be used. According to the multi-level decimation rate configuration of 2 levels, a variety of complex decimation rate requirements can be supported to adapt to the 5G protocol. Evolution, with a high degree of flexibility.
  • Table 2 is a partial description of the decimation filter design of the 5G protocol. At the same time, the 5G NR is set to a level 2 decimation filter to complete the coverage of the 4G LTE decimation filter.
  • the software processing module After the complete PRACH preamble data of one antenna has been stored in the shared cache, the software processing module performs FFT/IFFT, mother code correlation, peak detection, and the like on the preamble data.
  • the software processing module first reads the output data of the hardware acceleration module and completes the FFT operation.
  • the frequency domain signal generated by the FFT operation can directly extract the sequence of each frequency point according to the spectrum distribution, and the sequence length is n points (different protocols have different definitions).
  • FFT and IFFT can use the same FFT calculation module to complete 256 points, 320 points, 384 points, 512 points, 640 points, 768 points, 1024 points, 1280 points, 1536 points, 1920 points, 2048 points, 2304 points, 3072 FFT/IFFT processing of points, 3584 points, 4096 points, 5120 points, 6144 points, 7168 points, and 8192 points.
  • the mother code correlation processing process is that the local cell generates a local mother code sequence according to the cell wireless configuration parameters configured by the software, and frequency-domain multiplies the sequence of each frequency point extracted by the mother code sequence and the FFT output result.
  • the obtained result is subjected to subsequent processing such as IFFT inverse transform to obtain a new set of sequences which are used for subsequent peak detection of PRACH.
  • the peak detection processing means that the base station finds the checkpoint corresponding to the largest time domain correlation value (time domain correlation peak) in the current pre-processed preamble data, and the time domain correlation peak is greater than the set peak detection threshold and noise. In the case of power, it is considered that the preamble signal is detected, and detailed information of the peak position is obtained.

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Abstract

本文公开了一种随机接入检测方法及装置。所述随机接入检测方法包括：将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位将从每个天线接收到的数据顺序存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括至少一个天线；以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数；根据确定出的无线配置参数对读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中，所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。

Description

随机接入检测方法和装置
本公开要求在2018年02月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810162714.0的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信技术领域，例如涉及一种随机接入检测方法和装置。
背景技术
在第四代通信系统(the 4th Generation communication system，4G)和第五代移动通信系统(fifth-Generation communication system，5G)标准中，对于上行链路，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)使用物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)进行小区接入。某些子帧可以配置成PRACH子帧，UE可以在这些子帧上发送随机接入序列，随机接入序列包含1个或多个前导码序列(Preamble Sequence)，根据4G/5G协议标准不同，随机接入序列会有不同。
如果基站想同时支持4G/5G的随机接入检测，相关技术中的方案大多采用两套随机接入信号处理装置(分别是4G和5G)，但是一个小区只会是4G或者是5G标准，这样存在资源浪费的缺点。
发明内容
本公开提供一种随机接入检测方法和装置，能够同时支持多种不同通信标准协议的无线接入系统的随机接入检测。
本公开提供一种随机接入检测方法，包括：
将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位顺序将从每个天线接收到的数据存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括至少一个天线；
以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数；
根据确定出的无线配置参数对所读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中，所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。
本公开提供一种随机接入检测装置，包括：
天线数据存储模块，设置为将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位顺序将从每个天线接收到的数据存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括至少一个天线；
符号数据读取模块，设置为以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数；
第一处理模块，设置为根据确定出的无线配置参数对读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。
本公开还提供一种随机接入检测装置，包括：存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的随机接入检测程序，所述随机接入检测程序被所述处理器执行时实现上述随机接入检测方法。
附图说明
图1为相关技术的4G协议的PRACH Preamble format示意图；
图2(a)为相关技术的5G协议的PRACH Preamble format示意图；
图2(b)为相关技术的5G协议的Preamble format中一个短码示例的示意图；
图2(c)为相关技术的5G协议的Preamble format中一个长码示例的示意图；
图3为一实施例提供的一种随机接入检测方法流程图；
图4为一实施例提供的一种随机接入检测装置示意图；
图5(a)为一实施例提供的单协议场景下的数据处理示意图；
图5(b)为一实施例提供的两种协议场景下的数据处理示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本公开的实施例进行说明。
4G上行随机接入检测需要在对应的时域资源，不同频点上同时提取1个或多个前导码(preamble)，并且还原成839点或者139点的序列，和对应的本地产生的母码序列(Zadoff-Chu序列)进行卷积相关处理，对于得到的相关序列进行峰值检测，得到峰值位置的详细信息。随机接入检测的实质就是接收序列与本地母码序列的卷积相关的过程，由于卷积相关计算复杂度较高，通常根据卷积相关计算原理，利用快速傅立叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform，FFT)将相关的序列转换到频域进行点积操作，将结果通过快速傅立叶逆变换(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform，IFFT)转换到时域得到等效的结果。如图1所示，4G PRACH信道前导码格式(format)包括format0～4。其中，4G PRACH信道前导码的format格式一般包括循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix，CP)、一个或多个前导码序列和保护间隔(Guard Interval，GI)，有的format格式还可以包括下行导频时隙(Down Pilot Time Slot，DwPTS)或保护间隔(Guard Period，GP)。4G长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)协议描述的采样率包括：30.72兆赫兹(MHz)、23.04MHz、19.20MHz、15.36MHz、11.52MHz、7.68MHz、5.76MHz、3.84MHz、1.92MHz等9种采样率。以30.72MHz的采样率为例，Format 0～3的每个前导码序列有24576个采样点，而Format 4的前导码序列有4096个采样点。所以在系统带宽比较大，采样率比较大的情况下，必须要经过降采样，把采样点数降到与Zadoff-Chu序列点数相当的程度，然后再和本地生成的小区Zadoff-Chu序列进行相关处理。这样能够减少处理运算量，节省处理资源，加快处理速度。
由于每个频点带宽相同(比如，都是1.08MHz)，只是偏移不同，需要处理的步骤也相同，因此相关方案大多采用单频点随机接入信号处理装置，即一次只能处理一个频点的随机接入处理(频谱搬移、滤波、降采样、FFT等步骤)。每根天线的PRACH数据量很大，每个PRACH持续时间也很长(n个单载波频分多址(Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access，SC-FDMA)符号)。相关技术中通常缓存一个前导码所有的点数后才开始进行PRACH处理，这样需 要存储空间很大并且处理延迟很大。针对于频分双工(Frequency Division Dual，FDD)模式，只有一个接入频点，因此只需要一个单频点装置即可。但是对于时分双工(Time Division Duplexing，TDD)模式，当有多个频点存在时，一般采用多套单频点装置同时并行处理多个频点，存在资源浪费。
5G新无线电技术(New Radio，NR)随机接入检测的基本原理是与4G LTE一致的，需要处理的步骤也很相似，也是在对应的时域资源，不同频点上同时提取1个或多个preamble，并且还原成1536点或者256点的序列。
如图2(a)所示，5G NR的PRACH，一种前导码格式可以包含一个或者多个前导码，一个前导码包含一个前导码序列和一个CP。一个前导码序列包含一个或者多个正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号。5G NR的PRACH的前导码格式包含4种长码格式(format0-format3)，10种短码格式(formatA0，formatA1，formatA2，formatA3，formatB0，formatB1，formatB2，formatB3，formatC1，formatC2)。其中，如图2(b)所示的短码示例中，formatA0格式中，一个前导码占用1个符号；formatB0格式中，一个前导码占用2个符号；formatC1格式中，一个前导码占用4个符号。如图2(c)所示的长码示例中，一个前导码序列中可以包含两个RACH(Random Access Channel，随机接入信道)，每个RACH可以包含多个符号。PRACH前导码格式类型之间的不同在于RACH数量、CP长度、GP长度的不同。
5G新无线(New Radio，NR)协议描述的采样率包括：19.2MHz、30.72MHz、38.4MHz、46.08MHz、61.44MHz、76.8MHz、92.16MHz、107.52MHz、122.88MHz、153.6MHz、184.32MHz、215.04MHz、245.76MHz等13种采样率。以子载波间隔2.5khz为例，协议确定长度为839点的zadoff-Chu序列产生每个Preamble Sequence，在30.72MHz有12288个采样点需要做8倍抽取，在245.76Mhz有98304个采样点需要做64倍抽取处理，数据量非常大。
同时5G NR协议还在演进中，因此需要考虑后期协议演进变化。相关技术中的方案大多采用固定的随机接入信号处理装置，这样要求协议必须完全清晰才能设计随机接入。因此要么等待协议完全确定，存在时间延迟，要么需要多次重复设计随机接入，存在人员浪费。
本公开提供的技术方案中，按OFDM或SC-FDMA符号作为数据处理单元对上行时域天线数据进行去CP、频谱搬移和抽取滤波处理，不需要缓存太多数据，当共享缓存中OFDM或SC-FDMA符号数据是完整的前导码后再进行后续的信号检测。因为本公开提供的技术方案的天线数据是按照OFDM或SC-FDMA符号作为处理单元，这样使得本公开提供的随机接入检测方法可以无缝切换处理4G和5G的PRACH数据。这样可以加快处理速度，减少天线数据缓存，减少资源消耗。可以灵活支持多种不同的4G/5G配置场景，同时具有很好的扩展性：可以很方便地增加新的处理装置做并行处理，同时通过采用参数配置可以很灵活地适应4G/5G协议的演进。
实施例1
图3为一实施例提供的一种随机接入检测方法流程图。如图3所示，本实施例提供的方法包括如下步骤。
步骤S310，将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位顺序将从每个天线接收到的数据存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括一个或多个天线。
步骤S320，以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数。
步骤S330，根据确定出的无线配置参数对读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中，所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。
本实施例中，符号数据是指天线接收到的上行时域数据，本实施例为每次以符号为处理单位从第一存储区内读出的对应的数据。
本实施例中，所述随机接入检测方法可以在基站上实现。
本实施例中，所述无线配置参数包括以下信息的至少一种：通信协议类型、物理随机接入信道的前导码格式类型、采样率和抽取倍数。
本实施例中，所述通信协议类型包括：第四代通信系统协议或第五代移动通信系统协议。
本实施例中，所述符号包括：正交频分复用OFDM符号或单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号。
在一种实施方式中，所述方法还包括：预先配置一组天线中的每个天线的无线配置参数；根据每个天线的无线配置参数为所述每个天线建立对应的第一存储区和第二存储区。
本实施例中，符号数据对应的无线配置参数为对应天线的无线配置参数。
在一实施例中，根据确定出的无线配置参数进行去循环前缀处理是指：比如，去CP处理可以根据采样率、前导码格式，按照PRACH前导码帧结构将CP、GI去除，如果存在DwTPS和GP还需要将DwTPS和GP去除，剩下真正有效的前导码序列采样点。在不同的协议不同的前导码格式场景下，有效的前导码序列数据长度是不一样的。在本实施例中，需要知道当前处理数据的协议类型(每个待处理的符号数据对应的协议类型)、对应的带宽、以及前导码格式，然后确定出每个OFDM符号或SC-FDMA符号的去CP类型，频谱搬移的设计参数，抽取滤波参数以及数据输出长度。
根据确定出的无线配置参数进行频谱搬移，比如，频谱搬移可以按照PRACH频谱参数将PRACH所占的频带搬到基带的中心位置。
根据确定出的无线配置参数进行抽取滤波处理，比如，按照采样率、频带中包含的频点数以及前导码格式类型确定抽取倍数，进行降采样处理。其中，滤波器可以采用半带滤波器实现，支持4G和5G两种协议，近20种采样率。针对4G LTE，可以设计1级抽取滤波器。5G NR因带宽较大且协议一直在演进中，可以设计2级抽取滤波，根据2级多种抽取率配置可以支持多种复杂的抽取率要求，以适应5G的协议演进，具有很高的灵活度。同时5G NR设置为2级抽取滤波器也可以实现4G LTE的抽取滤波处理。
在一种实施方式中，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中后，所述方法还包括：在一天线对应的第二存储区中存在已完成预处理的至少一个符号数据并且至少一个符号数据已经构成了所述一天线的完整的前导码数据的情况下，根据所述一天线对应的无线配置参数对所述一天线的完整的前导码数据进行前导码检测处理；其中，所述前导码检测处理至少包括：快速傅立叶变换FFT处理、母码相关处理、快速傅立叶逆变换IFFT处理 和峰值检测处理。
FFT运算生成的频域信号可以根据频谱分布直接提取出每个频点的序列，序列长度为n个点(不同协议有不同的定义)。其中FFT和IFFT可以使用同一个FFT计算模块，完成256点、320点、384点、512点、640点、768点、1024点、1280点、1536点、1920点、2048点、2304点、3072点、3584点、4096点、5120点、6144点、7168点、8192点的FFT/IFFT处理。
母码相关处理是指本小区根据无线配置参数生成一个本地的母码序列，将这个母码序列与FFT输出的结果中提取出来的每个频点的序列进行频域点乘，得到的结果经过IFFT反变换等后续处理，得到一组序列，该序列用于后续的峰值检测使用。
峰值检测处理是指基站在当前的经过母码相关处理后的前导码数据中，找到最大的时域相关值对应的检查点，在时域相关值峰值大于设定的峰值检测门限与噪声功率的情况下，认为检测到前导码信号。
实施例2
图4为一实施例提供的一种随机接入检测装置。如图4所示，本实施例提供的装置包括：天线数据存储模块401，设置为将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位顺序将从每个天线接收到的数据存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括至少一个天线；符号数据读取模块402，设置为以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数；第一处理模块403，设置为根据确定出的无线配置参数对读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中，所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。
在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括：第二处理模块，设置为在一天线对应的第二存储区中存在已完成预处理的至少一个符号数据并且所述至少一个数据已经构成了所述一天线的完整的前导码数据的情况下，根据所述一天线对应的无线配置参数对所述一天线的完整的前导码数据进行前导码检测处理；其中，所述前导码检测处理至少包括：快速傅立叶变换FFT处理、母码相关处理、快 速傅立叶逆变换IFFT处理和峰值检测处理。
本实施例中，所述无线配置参数包括以下信息的至少一种：通信协议类型、物理随机接入信道的前导码格式类型、采样率和抽取倍数。
本实施例中，所述符号包括：正交频分复用OFDM符号或单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号。
本实施例中，所述通信协议类型包括：第四代通信系统协议或第五代移动通信系统协议。
在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括：配置模块，设置为预先配置一组天线中的每个天线的无线配置参数；根据每个天线的无线配置参数为所述每个天线建立对应的第一存储区和第二存储区。
下面通过示例说明本公开提供的技术方案。
示例1
本示例的随机接入检测装置包括硬件加速模块和软件处理模块。支持4G LTE协议描述的多种采样率和5G NR协议描述的多种采样率。其中，采样率和带宽可以根据系统要求灵活匹配。所述随机接入检测装置的硬件加速模块以OFDM或SC-FDMA符号为处理单元，对从每一根天线上接收到的数据进行预处理后缓存在共享缓存中，所述预处理包括：去CP处理、频谱搬移、滤波和抽取处理。软件处理模块因为需要完成FFT/IFFT处理，存在数据交织所以不能按照OFDM或SC-FDMA符号数据为单位处理，需要硬件加速模块完成一个天线的一个完整的PRACH preamble数据后才能启动软件后续处理。在所述共享缓存中检测到完整的前导码后，软件处理模块再进行后续处理：IFFT、母码相关处理、峰值检测等处理。
如图5(a)所示，PRACH数据是一个OFDM或SC-FDMA符号，顺序输入，只有LTE协议或5G协议的单一协议场景下，硬件加速模块按照OFDM或SC-FDMA符号时间接收的数据为处理单位，每接收一个OFDM或SC-FDMA时间的数据就启动PRACH处理。如图5(b)所示，在多协议多天线场景下，在一个OFDM或SC-FDMA符号时间会有多个天线的PRACH需要处理，比如，在一个OFDM符号时间中顺序完成4G和5G两种不同协议的PRACH数据处 理，并且需要对不同天线的PRACH数据的中间结果进行保护，等待下个OFDM或SC-FDMA符号数据到来后恢复对应天线的数据然后继续处理。
本实施例中，去CP处理可以根据采样率、Format格式，按照PRACH前导码帧结构将CP、GI去除，如果存在DwTPS和GP还需要将DwTPS和GP去除，剩下真正有效的Preamble Sequence采样点。在不同的协议不同的前导码format场景下，有效的Preamble Sequence数据长度是不一样的。在本实施例中，参数解析模块需要知道当前处理数据的协议类型(每个待处理的符号数据对应的协议类型)，对应的带宽，以及preamble format，参数解析模块解析出每个OFDM符号或SC-FDMA符号的去CP类型，频谱搬移的设计参数，抽取滤波参数以及数据输出长度。
本实施例中，频谱搬移可以通过数字混频单元按照参数解析模块解析的PRACH频谱参数，将PRACH所占的频带搬到基带的中心位置。频谱搬移处理单元是按照OFDM或SC-FDMA符号时间分时处理PRACH数据，需要保存和恢复数字混频单元的现场，以完成多种协议、多天线的切换。比如，在进行天线n的符号m的频谱搬移时，需要首先恢复数字混频单元对所述天线n的符号m-1的处理信息，然后再对天线n的符号m进行处理。
本实施例中，抽取模块需要按照采样率、频带中包含的频点数以及前导码Format类型确定抽取倍数，进行降采样处理。在一实施例中，滤波器采用半带滤波器实现，支持4G和5G两种协议，近20种采样率。根据频带中包含的频点数支持多种滤波带宽，分别为1.08MHz、2.16MHz、3.24MHz、4.32MHz、5.40MHz、6.48MHz。因为抽取模块是按照符号时间分时方式处理PRACH数据，需要保护滤波现场和恢复滤波现场操作。针对4G LTE，只需要1级抽取滤波器，表1是4G LTE抽取滤波器设计的部分说明。5G NR因带宽较大且协议一直演进中，因此在设计抽取滤波器时可以使用2级抽取滤波设计，根据2级多种抽取率配置可以支持多种复杂的抽取率要求，以适应5G的协议演进，具有很高的灵活度。表2是5G协议的抽取滤波器设计的部分说明。同时5G NR设置为2级抽取滤波器可以完成对4G LTE抽取滤波的覆盖。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019076196-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019076196-appb-000002
表2
Figure PCTCN2019076196-appb-000003
当共享缓存中已经存储了一根天线的完整PRACH preamble数据后，软件处理模块会对所述preamble数据进行FFT/IFFT、母码相关、峰值检测等处理。软件处理模块首先读入硬件加速模块的输出数据，完成FFT运算。FFT运算生成的频域信号可以根据频谱分布直接提取出每个频点的序列，序列长度为n个点(不同协议有不同的定义)。其中FFT和IFFT可以使用同一个FFT计算模块，完成256点、320点、384点、512点、640点、768点、1024点、1280点、1536 点、1920点、2048点、2304点、3072点、3584点、4096点、5120点、6144点、7168点、8192点的FFT/IFFT处理。
母码相关处理过程就是本小区根据软件配置的小区无线配置参数生成一个本地的母码序列，将这个母码序列与FFT输出的结果中提取出来的每个频点的序列进行频域点乘，得到的结果经过IFFT反变换等后续处理，得到一组新的序列，该新的序列是用于后续的PRACH的峰值检测使用的。
峰值检测处理是指基站在当前的经过相关处理后的preamble数据中，找到最大的时域相关值(时域相关峰值)对应的检查点，在时域相关峰值大于设定的峰值检测门限与噪声功率的情况下，认为检测到preamble信号，得到峰值位置的详细信息。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种随机接入检测方法，包括：
    将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位顺序将从每个天线接收到的数据存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括至少一个天线；
    以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数；
    根据确定出的无线配置参数对所述读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中，所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，在将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中后，还包括：
    在一天线对应的第二存储区中存在已完成所述预处理的至少一个符号数据并且所述至少一个符号数据已经构成了所述一天线的完整的前导码数据的情况下，根据所述一天线对应的无线配置参数对所述一天线的完整的前导码数据进行前导码检测处理；其中，所述前导码检测处理至少包括：快速傅立叶变换FFT处理、母码相关处理、快速傅立叶逆变换IFFT处理和峰值检测处理。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，
    所述无线配置参数包括以下信息的至少一种：通信协议类型、物理随机接入信道的前导码格式类型、采样率和抽取倍数。
  4. 如权利要求1、2或3所述的方法，还包括：
    预先配置所述一组天线中的每个天线的无线配置参数；
    根据每个天线的无线配置参数为所述每个天线建立对应的第一存储区和第二存储区。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其中，
    所述通信协议类型包括：第四代通信系统协议或第五代移动通信系统协议。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，
    所述符号包括：正交频分复用OFDM符号或单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符 号。
  7. 一种随机接入检测装置，包括：
    天线数据存储模块，设置为将从一组天线上接收到的数据以符号为处理单位顺序将从每个天线接收到的数据存储在所述每个天线对应的第一存储区内；所述一组天线包括至少一个天线；
    符号数据读取模块，设置为以符号为处理单位依次从每个天线对应的第一存储区内读出从所述每个天线接收到的数据，确定读出的符号数据对应的无线配置参数；
    第一处理模块，设置为根据确定出的无线配置参数对所述读出的符号数据进行预处理，将经过预处理后的符号数据缓存在所述每个天线对应的第二存储区中；其中，所述预处理至少包括：去循环前缀处理、频谱搬移处理和抽取滤波处理。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括：
    第二处理模块，设置为在一天线对应的第二存储区中存在已完成所述预处理处理的至少一个符号数据并且所述至少一个符号数据已经构成了所述一天线的完整的前导码数据的情况下，根据所述一天线对应的无线配置参数对所述一天线的完整的前导码数据进行前导码检测处理；其中，所述前导码检测处理至少包括：快速傅立叶变换FFT处理、母码相关处理、快速傅立叶逆变换IFFT处理和峰值检测处理。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的装置，其中，
    所述无线配置参数包括以下信息的至少一种：通信协议类型、物理随机接入信道的前导码格式类型、采样率和抽取倍数。
  10. 如权利要求7、8或9所述的装置，其中，所述符号包括：正交频分复用OFDM符号或单载波频分多址SC-FDMA符号。
  11. 一种随机接入检测装置，包括：存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的随机接入检测程序，所述随机接入检测程序被所述处理器执行时实现权利要求1-6任一项所述的随机接入检测方法。
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