WO2019161638A1 - Système de granulation centrifuge à sec de laitier liquide et de récupération de chaleur perdue doté d'une fonction de mise en tampon et de régulation de débit de laitier - Google Patents

Système de granulation centrifuge à sec de laitier liquide et de récupération de chaleur perdue doté d'une fonction de mise en tampon et de régulation de débit de laitier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019161638A1
WO2019161638A1 PCT/CN2018/096521 CN2018096521W WO2019161638A1 WO 2019161638 A1 WO2019161638 A1 WO 2019161638A1 CN 2018096521 W CN2018096521 W CN 2018096521W WO 2019161638 A1 WO2019161638 A1 WO 2019161638A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slag
granulation
unit
waste heat
cooling
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PCT/CN2018/096521
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王树众
孟海鱼
赵军
马立伟
张茜
吴志强
景泽锋
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西安交通大学
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Publication of WO2019161638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019161638A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/10—Slag pots; Slag cars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C21B2400/034—Stirring or agitating by pressurised fluids or by moving apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
    • C21B2400/054—Disc-shaped or conical parts for cooling, dispersing or atomising of molten slag rotating along vertical axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace slag waste heat recovery, and particularly relates to a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery system with slag buffer and flow control function.
  • China is currently the world's largest steel producer.
  • China's pig iron production was about 701 million tons, accounting for about 60% of the world's total production.
  • blast furnace slag containing huge heat was also produced.
  • the blast furnace slag is generally discharged at a temperature between 1400 and 1550 ° C.
  • Each ton of slag contains (1260 to 1880) ⁇ 10 3 kJ of sensible heat, equivalent to 60 kg of standard coal.
  • the current calculation of pig iron production in China is 701 million tons, which can be converted into blast furnace slag of about 210 million tons. About 12.618 million tons of standard coal.
  • the dry slag pit cooling method and the water slag slag method are the most common blast furnace slag treatment methods in China.
  • the dry slag pit cooling method directly discharges the high-temperature liquid slag into the dry slag pit to be air-cooled, and assists water cooling.
  • the method generates a large amount of water vapor when cooling, and releases a large amount of H 2 S and SO 2 gas, corrodes buildings, damages equipment, and deteriorates the working environment. Generally, the method is used only in accident handling. 90% of blast furnace slag in China is treated by water slag.
  • the water slag method refers to the use of low-temperature cooling water to directly mix with high-temperature liquid slag, so that the liquid slag temperature is rapidly lowered and the glass body slag particles are formed.
  • the water slag method can be divided into Inba method, Tula method, bottom filtration method, Lhasa method and Mintek method according to different process flow.
  • the core of the technology is to spray water quenching of high temperature liquid slag to achieve the purpose of cooling and granulation, and then slag separation, the slag water is recirculated through precipitation filtration. use.
  • vitreous slag produced by this method can be used in the cement industry for resource utilization, the process wastes a lot of water resources, generates harmful gases such as SO 2 and H 2 S, and cannot effectively recover the high temperature liquid slag. Quality waste heat resources.
  • the commonly used dry slag cooling method and water slag method not only waste all the high-quality waste heat resources contained in the high-temperature liquid slag, but also consume a lot of water resources and cause serious pollution to the environment.
  • These treatment methods have been Can not adapt to the urgent needs of energy saving and emission reduction in the current steel industry.
  • the liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation method is widely favored due to low system energy consumption, small and uniform granulated particle size and high added value of products.
  • the dry centrifugal granulation method also has the following technical problems in industrial applications: (1) the problem of continuous operation of the blast furnace intermittent slag and the granulated waste heat recovery process; (2) in order to ensure the granulation quality, the slag pipe is required Deep into the granulation warehouse, but the slag pipe is easy to break, no preventive measures; (2) the problem of sticky wall of the flying slag particles in the granulation bin after granulation; (3) uneven distribution of particles in the moving bed, height of the layer Inconsistent, easy to return to thermal bonding; (4) moving bed discharge is not smooth; (5) system waste heat recovery efficiency is low. Therefore, it is necessary to design and develop a more optimized and reliable liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery system with slag buffer and flow control function, so as to solve the problem that the continuous operation of the blast furnace intermittent slag and the granulated waste heat recovery process does not match, and prevent falling.
  • the slag tube fracture and the high-temperature granulation slag adhesion wall ensure that the moving bed layer is uniformly non-bonded, the slag is smooth, and the system waste heat recovery efficiency is high, which provides guidance for the industrial application of the dry centrifugal granulation technology.
  • Liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery system with slag buffer and flow control function including slag buffer and flow control unit, granulation unit, moving bed unit and waste heat utilization unit; slag buffer and flow
  • the control unit is disposed at an upper portion of the granulating unit for liquid slag buffering and controlling the flow rate and velocity of the liquid slag falling to the granulating unit; the granulating unit is used for granulating the falling liquid slag; and the moving bed unit is disposed at The lower part of the granulating unit is used for cooling and temporarily storing the granulated slag; the hot gas communication waste heat utilization unit in the granulating unit and the moving bed unit; the waste heat utilization unit comprises a primary dust collector, a waste heat boiler and a secondary dust removal which are sequentially arranged , exhaust fans and chimneys.
  • the slag buffer and the flow control unit comprise a slag bag outer casing, a sizing nozzle, a plug rod, a burner, a sealing cover and a slag discharging pipe; a slag opening is arranged at the top of the slag bag outer casing, and a slag opening is arranged at the bottom; a burner is arranged on the upper part or the side of the slag bag shell; the top of the slag bag shell is made of refractory brick as a vault structure; the thickness ratio of the bottom material of the slag bag outer shell to the side wall material is 1.4-2.2;
  • the utility model has a sizing nozzle and a plug rod matched with the sizing nozzle; a sealing cover is arranged outside the slag outlet, and a slag discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sealing hood; a granulation unit is arranged at a lower portion of the slag discharging pipe.
  • the granulation unit comprises a slag tube, a granulation tank and a granulation device; the top of the granulation tank is provided with an opening at the top, the slag tube is inserted into the slag tube, and the slag tube has a refractory layer outside, and the granulation device is centered.
  • a slag pipe fixing device is arranged outside the slag pipe extending into the granulation bin; a water-cooled wall heating surface is laid inside the granulating bin, and a water-cooling wall heating surface adopts a membrane type water-cooling wall, which is vertically arranged; the granulated silo wall surface is further A film cooling device is provided; the granulating device comprises: a granulator, a granulator fixing device and a granulator driving device; the granulator is fixed on the granulator fixing device; the granulator fixing device is provided with an air flow passage inside The granulator fixing device is arranged to contact the bottom of the granulator to provide an extended heating surface; the top of the granulator fixing device is provided with a plurality of first tuy (2006), and the outlet angle of the top first tuyere intersects with the dip angle of the edge of the granulator for The liquid film or liquid filament formed during the granulation process is external
  • the moving bed unit comprises a moving bed; the moving bed comprises a furnace wall and a receiving bin; the furnace wall surrounds two symmetrical and upper and lower accommodating cavities; the two accommodating cavities are separated by the intermediate furnace wall;
  • the bottom of the chamber is provided with a receiving bin; the upper part of the conical receiving cavity is arranged with a dilute phase zone buried pipe, the lower part of the dilute phase zone is provided with a scraper; the lower part of the scraper is arranged with an air distributing device; the air distributing device and The space between the flat push blades is arranged with a dense phase zone buried pipe.
  • the primary dust remover of the waste heat utilization unit may be a louver dust collector, an inertia dust collector or a cyclone dust collector.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the top of the slag bag is designed as a vault structure by refractory brick masonry, and its span ratio is designed to be in the range of 0-0.45; it can be constructed by one, two or more layers of refractory bricks;
  • the refractory bricks can be made of different materials for masonry; according to the force characteristics and thermal insulation performance requirements of the various positions on the top of the slag bag, different refractory insulation bricks can be selected to be refractory insulation layers of different thicknesses. Therefore, the top of the slag bag is prevented from being broken due to the different force at each position, and the bearing load has a good bearing capacity when the vertical load is applied to ensure the structural stability and operation of the slag package under the condition of slag or high temperature baking. safety.
  • the burner is arranged at the top of the slag bag.
  • the burner has two arrangements: 1) The burner adopts an L-shaped arrangement: a vertical flue gas duct is arranged at the top of the slag pack, and the vertical pipeline is outside the slag pack. A 90° elbow becomes a horizontal duct structure; the burner is placed in this horizontal flue gas duct. 2) The burner is arranged laterally on the side of the slag bag: the burner is placed in this horizontal pipe by opening a horizontal flue gas duct on the side wall of the slag bag.
  • the rounded structure is adopted at the boundary between the side wall of the slag bag shell and the bottom of the package, and the angle of the round corner is set in the range of 10-90° to reduce the thickness of the solidified layer of the liquid slag at the junction, thereby improving the operation of the system. stability.
  • the slag pipe is prepared from refractory material, which is more prone to fracture accidents.
  • the slag pipe will fall directly onto the granulation equipment, causing damage to the granulation equipment; in addition, the high temperature slag will be lost after the slag pipe is broken, and the granulator and its driving equipment will be washed out in a large area. , causing damage to the granulator and its drive unit, causing serious accidents and causing huge economic losses.
  • the invention winds the spiral water wall tube outside the falling slag pipe, fixes the slag pipe extending into the granulation bin, enhances stability, prevents the breakage and falls into the granulation bin, and avoids the occurrence and expansion of accidents.
  • the heat of the granulated particles can be absorbed by the radiation to improve the recovery efficiency of the waste heat.
  • the inner wall of the granulation chamber is provided with a film cooling device, and the jetted airflow can form an annular edge wind film.
  • the high-temperature granulated slag particles flying to the inner wall of the granulation chamber can be effectively cooled without disturbing the flight path of the granulated slag particles, thereby preventing Sticking to the wall, causing an accident.
  • the air outlet of the film cooling device is provided with a wind net for preventing the high-temperature granulated slag particles from flying into the nozzle tuyere, causing the nozzle to be damaged and affecting the cooling effect.
  • Arranging one-stage, two-stage or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades on the rotating shaft which can independently generate shaft cooling air, and can also strengthen the flow of the shaft cooling wind, and at the same time can be used as a rib structure to strengthen the overall heat dissipation of the rotating shaft.
  • the surface of the moving bed layer is provided with a hood ventilation squeegee capable of reciprocating or fan-shaped movement.
  • the scraper movement can make the height of the material layer in the moving bed uniform, ensuring that the bed resistance and the air volume passing through the bed are equal everywhere, and the slag particles are uniformly cooled; on the other hand, the hood wind hood can be cooled.
  • the scraper can cool the slag particles falling in the dilute phase of the moving bed and the high temperature slag layer on the surface of the material layer to prevent back heat bonding and increase the glass transition rate of the slag particles.
  • a large-distance, vibrating duct and hood are provided at the bottom of the moving bed.
  • the vibration motor drives the air tube and the hood to vibrate.
  • it plays the role of loose and uniform material layer, which is beneficial to the smooth slag of the moving bed and prevent the accumulation of slag particles.
  • it can increase the gap between the slag particles and promote Cooling of the slag particles reduces the possibility of slag back heat bonding.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery system with a slag buffer and a flow control function;
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the slag buffer and flow control unit
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the slag buffer and flow control unit
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a burner arrangement in a slag buffer and a flow control unit; wherein FIG. 4(a) shows the burner disposed on the top of the slag pack casing; and FIG. 4(b) shows the burner disposed on the side wall of the slag pack casing;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a granulation unit
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a granulation apparatus
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a granulator and its fixing device
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a moving bed unit
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of the squeegee in the moving bed
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of the moving bed air distribution device of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of a rotary blade of the present invention.
  • 1- slag buffer and flow control unit 101 - slag pack shell; 102 - seal cover; 103 - slag tube; 104 - seal cover infrared thermometer; 105 - sizing nozzle; 106 - stopper head ; 107-plug rod; 108-plug rod drive; 109-slag side wall temperature measurement point; 110-level gauge; 111-burner; 112-slag pack slag inlet; 113-slag pack infrared test Wenyi; 114-accident slag discharge port; 116-sealed air duct; 119-pressure gauge; 120-accumulation slag pit; 121-refractory material layer; 2-granulation unit; 203-granulation warehouse outlet collection box; - slag tube fixing device; 205-granulation bin; 206-granulating bin water-cooled heating surface; 207-film cooling device; 208-granulation bin water inlet bin; 209-granulator motor; 210-motor
  • the present invention relates to a liquid slag dry centrifugal granulation and waste heat recovery system with a slag buffer and a flow control function, comprising: a slag buffer and a flow control unit, and a granulation unit 2 The moving bed unit 3 and the residual heat utilization unit 4.
  • the slag buffer and flow control unit 1 is disposed at the upper portion of the granulation unit 2 for the liquid slag buffer and for controlling the flow rate and velocity of the liquid slag falling to the granulation unit 2; the granulation unit 2 is for the falling liquid slag The granulation is carried out; the moving bed unit 3 is disposed at a lower portion of the granulation unit 2 for cooling and temporarily storing the granulated slag; and the hot gas in the granulating unit 2 and the moving bed unit 3 is connected to the residual heat utilization unit 4.
  • the waste heat utilization unit 4 includes a hot air flue 401 covered by a heated surface, a primary dust remover 402, a waste heat boiler 403, a secondary dust remover 404, an exhaust fan 405, and a chimney 406; the waste heat boiler is composed of a steam drum 407, and a coal-saving
  • the device 408, the evaporation heating surface 409 and the superheater 410 are structurally composed.
  • the lower part of the steam drum 407 is connected to the waste heat receiving surface 409 of the waste heat boiler through a pipeline; the top of the steam drum 407 is sequentially connected to the waste heat boiler superheater 410 through a pipeline.
  • the slag buffer and flow control unit 1 includes a slag bag housing 101, a sizing nozzle 105, a stopper rod, a burner 111, a sealing cover 102, and a slag tube 103.
  • the slag bag housing 101 is arranged with a slag opening 112 at the top and a slag opening at the bottom; the slag opening can be provided with one, two or more; the slag opening can be arranged on one side of the slag bag, or bilaterally symmetric Arranged or arranged radially along the slag bag; an accident slag discharge port 114 is arranged around the bottom of the slag bag outer casing 101 for emergency slag discharge in the event of an accident; the thickness ratio of the bottom material of the slag bag outer casing 101 to the side wall material It is guaranteed to be in the range of 1.4-2.2; a sizing nozzle 105 and a stopper rod are arranged at the slag outlet; a sealing cover 102 is arranged outside the slag outlet, and a slag collecting pipe 103 is arranged under the sealing hood.
  • a granulation chamber is disposed at a lower portion of the slag pipe 103.
  • the top of the slag pack 101 is provided with a burner 111; during the baking and preheating process, the flue gas generated by the burner 111 passes through the inner cavity of the slag pack 101 and sequentially passes through the sealing cover 102, the slag tube 103, and the granulation unit. 2.
  • the moving bed unit 3 and the waste heat utilization unit 4 are finally discharged into the atmosphere by the chimney 406, and the correlation between the slag pack 101, the slag tube 103, the granulation unit 2, the moving bed unit 3, and the waste heat utilization unit 4 is baked.
  • the component achieves the purpose of drying moisture and effectively recovers the heat of the flue gas to ensure the granulation quality of the subsequent device during normal operation.
  • the flue gas flow generated by the burner 111 is recovered by the heat exchanger and then discharged by the exhaust pipe disposed on the slag bag casing 101.
  • the top of the slag bag shell 101 is designed as a vault structure by refractory brick masonry, and the span ratio is designed to be in the range of 0-0.45; the vouchers can be constructed by one, two or more layers of refractory bricks; Different materials can be selected for masonry; according to the force characteristics and thermal insulation performance requirements of various positions on the top of the slag bag, different refractory insulation bricks can be selected to be refractory insulation layers of different thicknesses. Therefore, the structure of the slag bag outer casing 101 is prevented from being broken due to different force at various positions, and the bearing load structure has a good bearing capacity when the vertical load is applied, and the structural stability of the slag package under the slag or high temperature baking condition is ensured. Operational security.
  • the burner 111 arranged on the top of the slag pack 101 has two arrangements: 1) the burner 111 adopts an L-shaped arrangement: a vertical flue gas duct is arranged at the top of the slag pack, and the vertical duct is outside the slag pack by a 90 The elbow of ° becomes a horizontal duct structure; the burner is arranged in this horizontal flue gas duct. 2) The burner is arranged laterally on the side of the slag bag: the burner is placed in this horizontal pipe by opening a horizontal flue gas duct on the side wall of the slag bag.
  • the bottom of the slag package 101 is made of a heat-insulating refractory material with good insulation performance to prevent the bottom slag from clogging the nozzle due to excessive temperature drop after the completion of the standing process.
  • the boundary between the side wall of the slag bag shell 101 and the bottom of the package adopts a rounded structure, and the angle of the round corner is set in the range of 10-90° to reduce the thickness of the solidified layer of the liquid slag at the interface, thereby improving the stability of the system operation. .
  • An infrared thermometer 113 is disposed on the slag package 101, an infrared thermometer 104 is disposed on the sealing cover 102, and a temperature measuring point 109 is embedded in the sidewall of the slag package 101; during the baking process, according to the inside of the sidewall of the slag package 101
  • the temperature measuring point 109 controls the heating power of the burner 111 to ensure that the slag package 101 can be reached and maintained at a certain temperature level after baking; after the slag enters the slag package 101, according to the slag package top infrared thermometer 113
  • the measured slag temperature controls the heating power of the burner 111 at the top of the slag bag to ensure that the slag temperature in the slag package is maintained within a certain range; the slag in the slag shell 101 flows out of the sizing nozzle 105 to enter the slag After the tube 103, the heating power of the burner 11 at the top of the slag pack 101 is controlled according to
  • the slag bag outer casing 101 is provided with a coke powder spray port and an air passage through the air, and one or more sets of coke powder spray ports and air pipes can be respectively arranged.
  • the present invention designs three heat-retaining modes to maintain the liquid slag temperature; 1) by interlocking the temperature in the slag-package 101 and the heat-recovering power of the burner 111 to maintain the slag temperature in the slag-package 101 always constant Temperature range; 2) adjusting the temperature of the slag in the slag pack 101 by manually adjusting the heating power of the burner 111; 3) maintaining the slag shell 101 by spraying the coke powder into the slag shell 101 and introducing air into the slag shell 101
  • the liquid slag temperature is always maintained within a certain temperature range.
  • the slag opening is provided with a sizing nozzle 105 and a stopper rod.
  • the stopper rod is composed of a stopper rod head 106, a stopper rod 107 and a stopper rod control device 108; the stopper rod rod is respectively connected with the stopper rod head 106 and the stopper rod control device 108; a liquid level monitoring device 110 is disposed at the top of the slag bag casing 101 to measure the liquid slag liquid level in the slag bag casing 101, and the measurement result is fed back to the stopper rod control device; when the slag liquid level in the slag bag casing 101 Below the set value, the liquid level signal causes the stopper control device to be given outside the slag bag, increasing the flow area between the stopper head and the sizing nozzle, thereby increasing the slag flow rate; When the slag liquid level exceeds the set value, the stopper control device feeds into the slag bag to reduce the flow area between the plug head and the sizing nozzle,
  • the slag bag casing 101 is provided with a sealing air duct for introducing a gas such as air for sealing; the gas can be introduced into the slag bag casing 101 through an air pipe in the burner 111 or an air duct 116 opened in the slag casing 101.
  • a sealing air duct for introducing a gas such as air for sealing; the gas can be introduced into the slag bag casing 101 through an air pipe in the burner 111 or an air duct 116 opened in the slag casing 101.
  • the slag bag casing 101 is provided with a pressure gauge 119 for measuring the pressure in the slag bag casing 101, and the pressure of the slag at the slag tapping port is calculated by calculation; the slag liquid level and pressure in the slag bag casing 101 are interlocked to ensure The pressure at the slag outlet in the slag shell 101 does not change as the slag level decreases, thereby ensuring a stable flow of the slag.
  • the plug head 106, the sizing nozzle 105, the wall surface of the slag pack 101, and the like are made of materials resistant to corrosion and abrasion of slag, such as ceramics, to improve the life of the corresponding components.
  • the granulation unit 2 includes a slag tube 201, a granulation chamber 205, and a granulation device;
  • the granulation bin 205 is square or circular, and the upper portion thereof is a flat top or a dome; the top of the granulation bin 205 is provided with an opening at the top center thereof, and the slag pipe 201 is inserted therein.
  • the slag pipe 201 has a refractory layer 202 outside, and granulates.
  • the equipment is arranged in the center; the water-cooling wall heating surface 206 is disposed inside the granulating chamber 205, and the heating surface adopts a membrane water-cooling wall and is vertically arranged; the bottom of the granulating chamber 5 is provided with a water collecting box 208, and the top of the granulating chamber is provided with an outlet ring collecting The header 203; the water-cooling wall heating surface 206 communicates with the water collecting box 208 and the outlet annular collecting box 203; the granulating chamber 5 is provided with a film cooling device 207 on the wall surface, and the granulated slag particles flying to the wall surface of the granulating chamber are subjected to cool down.
  • the slag tube fixing device 204 is disposed outside the slag tube 201 of the granulation chamber 205, and the slag tube fixing device 204 has a plurality of structures, such as a cone-shaped tube on the outside thereof, and a tube-in-tube passage whose diameter is continuously reduced at the outer and bottom portions thereof. Cooling water or a spiral cold pipe for cooling the gas medium, etc., can fix the slag pipe 201 extending into the granulation bin 205, and prevent the slag pipe which is broken due to direct corrosion and erosion abrasion of the high temperature slag from falling into the granulation.
  • the slag tube fixing device 204 is coated with a refractory material which can withstand temperatures above 1400 ° C to prevent over-temperature damage; the slag tube fixing device 204 can be cooled by cooling water or air, nitrogen or the like to prevent over-temperature damage.
  • one of the sources of water is the outlet annular collecting box 203.
  • One or more exhaust film cooling devices 207 such as nozzles, strip nozzles, etc., are attached to the wall of the granulation chamber or are arranged near the wall, and the sprayed cooling medium such as air, nitrogen, etc., forms an annular edge wind film;
  • the air outlet of the membrane cooling device 207 is provided with a wind net, and the wind net is composed of a refractory material, which is used to prevent flying high-temperature granulated slag particles from flying into the nozzle tuyere, causing nozzle damage and affecting the cooling effect;
  • the upper film cooling device 207 is located near the height of the granulator 219.
  • Adjusting the distance between the film cooling device and the wall surface and the exit wind speed and the outlet angle can be used to cool the high-temperature granulated slag particles flying to the wall of the granulation bin without disturbing the flight path of the granulated slag particles. Sticky wall.
  • the granulating device comprises: a granulator 219, a granulator fixing device 232, a granulator driving device;
  • the granulator 219 is in the shape of a disk or a cup, and the edge inclination angle is 30° to 60°, and the center is provided with a flow guiding cone;
  • the granulator 219 is fixed on the granulator fixing device 232;
  • the granulator fixing device 232 is internally provided with an air flow passage 233;
  • the granulator fixing device 232 is disposed in contact with the expanded heat receiving surface 234 in the bottom of the granulator 219, such as an annular rib.
  • the granulator fixture 232 has a plurality of tuyées 236 at the top, and the outlet angle of the top tuyere intersects with the dip angle of the granulator edge, which can be formed during the granulation process.
  • the liquid film or liquid wire is subjected to external force breaking to enhance the granulation effect;
  • the granulator fixing device 232 is provided with a plurality of tuyées 235 on the side thereof, and the tuyere is parallel or intersected with the inclination angle of the granulator edge, and can be used for the liquid filament during the granulation process.
  • the droplets formed by the fracture are cooled to increase the glass transition rate.
  • the tuyere 236 and the tuyere 235 are in communication with the air flow passage 233.
  • the granulator driving device includes a motor 209, a sealing cover 210, a rotating shaft 223, a shaft sleeve 222, an inner tube sleeve 217, an outer tube sleeve 216, a hood 220, and the like.
  • the motor 209 and the rotating shaft 223 are coupled by a coupling 211; the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of temperature-resistant blades 224; the bottom of the rotating shaft 223 is provided with a temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212, and one or more temperature-resistant positioning bearings 221 are provided at the middle and the upper portion of the rotating shaft.
  • the uppermost positioning bearing should be as close as possible to the bottom of the granulator fixing device 232.
  • the rotating shaft of the high-speed rotating shaft can be improved due to the inaccurate mechanical structure, thereby affecting the granulation effect, and on the other hand, the life of the device can be prolonged.
  • the shaft cooling air duct includes a motor seal cover 210, an air duct inner sleeve 217, and a shaft sleeve 222.
  • the sealing cover 210 surrounds the outer circumference of the motor 209, and the inner sleeve 217 and the shaft sleeve 222 are sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 223; the inner rings of the temperature-resistant thrust bearing 212 and the temperature-resistant positioning bearing 221 are fixed on the rotating shaft 223, and the outer ring Fixed to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct; the shaft sleeve 222 is fixed between the outer ring of the temperature resistant thrust bearing 212 and the outer ring of the lowermost temperature resistant positioning bearing 221, and surrounds most of the temperature resistant blades 224 therein; Both the warm thrust bearing 212 and the temperature resistant positioning bearing 221 are provided with air supply flow paths.
  • a granulator fixing device 232 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 223.
  • the sealing cover 210 is fixedly connected to the inner tube sleeve 217, communicates through the vent 226, and the shaft cooling air enters from the sealing cover tuyere 227. After cooling the rotating shaft 223 through the inside of the shaft sleeve 222, most of it enters the granulator fixing device 232.
  • the air flow passage 233 enters the granulation chamber from the plurality of tuyées 236 and the tuyere 235 which are annularly distributed from the top and the side walls of the granulator fixing device 232, and a small portion is narrowed from the gap between the granulator fixing device 232 and the inner tube sleeve 217. Enter the granulation bin.
  • An outer sleeve 216 is disposed on the outer circumference of the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct, and an annular cooling air passage is formed between the outer sleeve 216 of the inner tube sleeve 217, and a plurality of hoods 220 are arranged annularly at the top of the annular cooling air duct.
  • the air outlet of 220 is lower than the air outlet of tuyere 236 and tuyere 235.
  • An annular cooling air duct air inlet 225 is opened at the bottom of the outer tube sleeve 216.
  • the granulator fixing device 232 is composed of two parts, left and right, and is fixed by a pin and a hoop.
  • the pin is removed, the granulator 219 and the granulator fixing device 232 can be removed, the pin and the hoop can be removed, and the left and right parts of the granulator fixing device 232 can be disassembled and removed.
  • the granulator 219 can be removed after the annular clamp.
  • the granulator 219 is cracked, the cracked granulator 219 is not smashed due to the presence of the granulator base and the fixture, and the liquid slag does not drip directly onto the transmission and the motor 209. Ensure system safety before downtime.
  • the granulator fixing device 232 is internally provided with a streamlined flow passage 233; at the same time, the gap between the bottom side of the granulator base and the inner sleeve 217 of the air duct is small, so that most of the wind sent from the lower portion of the granulator base can enter.
  • the granulator fixture 232 is cooled while facilitating the blowing of wind from the granulator base to the edge of the granulator 219 to enhance granulation.
  • the rotating shaft 223 and the granulator fixing device 232 are connected by a hollow flange, and the hollow flange has a section of air heat insulating layer between the granulator base and the rotating shaft 223 to block the granulator 219 and the rotating shaft 223.
  • the heat transfer between the granulator base is not transmitted to the rotating shaft 223, so that the granulator 219 can be safely and stably operated, and the granulation effect can be better realized.
  • the cooling air is generated by the fan, entering from the sealing hood tuyere 227, most of the annular air duct passing through the granulator fixing device enters the granulation chamber, and a small part is from the fixing device and the air duct inner sleeve.
  • the narrow gap between the cylinders 217 enters the granulation chamber; in the second embodiment, the first and second or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades 224 are arranged on the rotating shaft 223, and the cooling wind is generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, and most of them are fixed by the granulator.
  • the annular duct of unit 232 enters the granulation chamber and a small portion enters the granulation chamber from a narrow gap between the fixture and the inner sleeve 217 of the duct.
  • the rotating shaft 223 is provided with one-stage, two-stage or multi-stage small temperature-resistant blades 224. When the rotating shaft 223 rotates at a high speed, on the one hand, the flow power of the shaft cooling air passage is generated, and the acceleration shaft cooling air shaft and the granulator fixing device are generated.
  • the temperature-resistant blade 224 can also be used as a rib structure to enhance the overall heat dissipation of the rotating shaft 223; in the third mode, the wind blower and the small temperature-resistant blade are combined with the high-speed rotating wind as the shaft cooling wind, and the shaft cooling wind Cooling of components such as the track and the shaft.
  • Moving bed unit 3 including moving bed; moving bed including cooling wall surface 304 and receiving bin 311;
  • the cooling wall surface 304 is disposed at a lower portion of the granulation chamber for accommodating the granulated high-temperature slag slag particles; the cooling wall surface 304 is formed to form two symmetrical and upper and lower accommodating cavities; the two accommodating cavities Separated by an intermediate furnace wall; a granulator installation space is provided in the intermediate furnace wall.
  • the bottom of the conical receiving cavity is provided with a receiving bin 311, and the bottom of the receiving bin 311 is provided with a rotary sealing valve 314.
  • a shock absorbing block 313 is disposed on the outer wall of the receiving bin 311.
  • the upper part of the conical receiving cavity is arranged with a dilute phase zone buried pipe 303, the lower part of the dilute phase zone buried pipe 303 is provided with a scraper; the lower part of the scraper plate is arranged with an air blowing device; between the air distributing device and the flat pushing scraper 302
  • the dense phase zone buried pipe 308 is arranged in the space.
  • the moving bed as a whole can be designed to be rectangular or circular.
  • the moving bed has a variable cross-section design with a wide width and a narrow width, ensuring that the flow rate of the cooling air in each material layer is relatively uniform and less than the fluidized wind speed to achieve an efficient and stable gas-solid heat exchange effect.
  • the left and right furnace walls (cooling wall 304) and the intermediate furnace wall of the moving bed are vertical furnace walls, and the front and rear furnace walls (cooling wall 304) are inclined furnace walls or vertical furnace walls, and the angle between the inclined furnace wall and the horizontal plane is 60°-90. °.
  • the stave 304 may be arranged as a coil stave, a membrane stave or a non-membrane stave depending on the actual situation.
  • the granulated and preliminary cooled blast furnace slag particles fall from the upper granulation tank into the moving bed, accumulate to form a layer, and slowly move downward under the action of the vibrating discharge machine, while the cooling wind passes through the air distribution device.
  • the lower part is injected, and the slag particles and the wind are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange to ensure the heat exchange strength and the slag grain heat.
  • a rapping device 309 is disposed on the outside of the cooling wall surface 304 of the moving bed, and can be continuously hit or intermittently hit when the device is running to ensure that the slag particles do not stick to the wall and do not agglomerate.
  • 1 to 2 layers of the dilute phase zone buried pipe 303 are arranged between the intermediate furnace wall and the cooling wall, and are collected on the front and rear furnace walls.
  • 2 to 3 layers of dense phase zone buried pipes 308 are arranged between the intermediate furnace wall and the cooling wall, and are collected on the front and rear furnace walls.
  • the above-mentioned dilute phase zone buried pipe 303 and dense phase zone buried pipe 308 can also be pulled out from the cooling wall of the front and rear furnace walls and collected on the intermediate furnace wall.
  • the slag particles are in a semi-molten state after granulation, and need to be rapidly cooled, and more buried heat receiving surfaces can be arranged in the dilute phase region to ensure the heat exchange intensity of the slag particles.
  • the physical parameters such as thermal conductivity and viscosity of slag of different compositions vary greatly. According to the limitation of moving bed space and the matching of slag and cooling medium, the number of buried pipes in the moving bed and the clamp of the buried pipe and the horizontal direction can be appropriately adjusted. angle. Gas, water or organic medium can be used as a heat exchange medium in the buried pipe in the moving bed to achieve better slag cooling effect.
  • the buried pipe in the moving bed may be a round pipe or a teardrop-shaped pipe, or an anti-wear sleeve or a wear-resistant tile may be added to the pipeline to achieve the effect of preventing particle abrasion.
  • the moving bed is provided with an inlet annular header 310 and an outlet annular header 301.
  • the heat exchange medium entering the moving bed is first collected into the inlet annular casing 310, and then distributed to the cooling wall 304, the dense phase zone buried pipe 308 and the dilute phase zone buried pipe 303, and finally collected into the outlet annular casing 301 to flow out of the moving bed.
  • the air distribution device is located at the bottom of the moving bed, and includes a plurality of air ducts 320 disposed on an upper portion of the receiving bin 311.
  • the air ducts 320 are disposed with a plurality of air ducts 312.
  • the squeegee is a flat squeegee 302 or a rotating squeegee 325, or both.
  • a flat blade 302 for a uniform layer is disposed on the upper portion of the moving bed.
  • the flat pusher blade 302 includes a plurality of flat pusher blade ducts 317, and the flat pusher blade air ducts 317 are provided with a plurality of flat pusher blade windshields 306; a plurality of flat pusher blade air ducts 317 are arranged at intervals; Both ends of the tube 317 are connected to the side air duct 315, and the side air duct 315 is extended beyond the moving bed furnace wall, and the reciprocating motor 316 is connected by a rack and pinion mechanism. The rotation of the reciprocating motor 316 can drive the flat pusher blade 317 to reciprocate horizontally.
  • the flat pusher duct 317 maintains a uniform height of the material layer in the moving bed by reciprocating motion, while the flat pusher hood 306 on the flat scraper duct 317 can both cool the scraper and help move the bed.
  • the high temperature slag particles are cooled.
  • the air distribution device is composed of a soft connection 318, a vibration motor 319, an air duct 320, a spring 321 and a wire rope 322.
  • the air duct 320 is softly connected to the furnace wall through two ends; one end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the intermediate furnace wall by a spring 321 , and the other end is connected to the vibration motor; at the same time, the vibration motor 319 is connected to the air distribution duct 320 through the steel wire rope 322, and the vibration motor 319 can pass through.
  • the steel wire rope drives the air duct 320 to vibrate, and achieves the effect of evacuating the material layer, ensuring that the slag particles do not stick to the wall, and do not agglomerate, and at the same time ensure rapid cooling of the high temperature slag particles.
  • a rotating blade 325 for a uniform layer is disposed on the upper portion of the moving bed.
  • a rotating shaft 323 is disposed on the intermediate furnace wall and the front and rear furnace walls of the moving bed, and the rotating shaft 323 is rotatable within a range of 180°.
  • the intermediate furnace wall and the front and rear furnace wall rotating blades 325 are mounted on the rotating shaft 323 at different heights.
  • the plurality of rotating blades 325 can be simultaneously moved in the range of 180° to level the level.
  • the rotating scraper hood 324 on the hanging plate cools the slag particles sprayed by the cooling wind to ensure that the slag particles do not stick to the wall and do not agglomerate, and at the same time ensure a faster cooling rate.
  • the granulated semi-molten-widely screened blast furnace slag particles enter the two-part space of the moving bed symmetry, pass through the dilute phase zone buried pipe 303, and transfer a part of the heat to the heat exchange medium in the dilute phase zone buried pipe 303. At the same time, and itself is quickly cooled.
  • the outer slag shell of the heat-exchanged slag particles passing through the buried pipe becomes thicker or even completely solidified.
  • the cooling air at the bottom of the moving bed and the cooling air sprayed from the squeegee are further cooled. During the falling of the slag, an uneven layer of material is accumulated in the moving bed, resulting in uneven cooling of the slag.
  • the reciprocating motion of the scraper can flatten the material layer to ensure the uniformity of the molten slag layer, and the air flow flowing through the various positions of the material layer is relatively uniform.
  • the scraper hood on the scraper can ensure the cooling of the scraper and provide cooling air for the upper high-temperature bulk material to help it cool.
  • the slag particles move to the vicinity of the dense phase zone buried pipe 308, and after heat exchange with the buried pipe and the cooling wind, the temperature of the slag particles drops to a lower value and is completely solidified. Due to the heat exchange of the dense phase zone buried pipe 308, the glass body conversion rate of the slag particles reaches a high value.
  • the side of the moving bed is provided with a rapping device 309.
  • the side wall of the receiving bin 311 is provided with a vibrating block 313, and the bottom is provided with a rotary sealing valve 314.
  • the vibrating block 313 and the side wall rapping device 309 hit the receiving bin 311 and the steel plate on the side wall of the moving bed at a certain frequency, and the opening degree of the rotary sealing valve 314 matches the frequency and amplitude of the striking, and can be at a certain speed.
  • the slag particles are discharged outside the moving bed.
  • the cooling air from the granulated silo fan through the air duct is divided into two ways, and one cooling air is sprayed into the moving bed through the air distribution hood 312 on the air duct 320 at the bottom of the granulation tank, and is exchanged with the high temperature slag particles.
  • the heat is finally collected and discharged from the moving bed.
  • the other way is directly connected to the air duct of the scraper, and is sprayed into the dilute phase zone of the moving bed through the scraper hood on the scraper. Both winds serve as a cooling medium to cool the slag particles.
  • the heat exchange medium enters the inlet annular header 310 of the moving bed and is then distributed to the moving bed sidewalls and the stave 304 on the front and rear walls.
  • a portion of the cold wall duct is leached into a dense phase zone buried pipe 308 and a dilute phase zone buried pipe 303, which are collected on the cooling walls of the front and rear walls.
  • the buried pipe in the moving bed is directly pulled out by the inlet annular header 310 and then collected on the front and rear wall cooling walls.
  • the film cooling wall heating surface from the wall rear wall cooling wall, the left and right wall cooling walls and the intermediate furnace wall cooling wall is finally collected on the outlet ring header of the moving bed.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Cette invention concerne un système de granulation centrifuge à sec de laitier liquide et de récupération de chaleur perdue doté d'une fonction de mise en tampon et de régulation de débit de laitier comprenant : une unité de mise en tampon et de régulation de débit de laitier (1), une unité de granulation (2), une unité de lit mobile (3) et une unité d'utilisation de chaleur perdue (4) ; où l'unité de mise en tampon et de régulation de débit de laitier (1) se trouve dans une partie supérieure de l'unité de granulation (2) et sert à mettre le laitier liquide en tampon et à réguler le débit et la vitesse de chute dudit laitier liquide dans l'unité de granulation (2) ; l'unité de granulation (2) sert à granuler le laitier liquide tombé ; l'unité de lit mobile (3) se trouve dans une partie inférieure de l'unité de granulation (2) et sert à refroidir et à stocker temporairement le laitier granulé ; où les gaz chauds dans l'unité de granulation (2) et l'unité de lit mobile (3) communiquent avec l'unité d'utilisation de chaleur perdue (4) ; l'unité d'utilisation de chaleur perdue (4) comprenant un conduit d'air chaud (401), un extracteur de poussière primaire (402), une chaudière de récupération de chaleur (403), un extracteur de poussière secondaire (404), un ventilateur d'évacuation (405), et une cheminée (406), qui sont agencés en séquence. Le système peut ne pas consommer de ressources en eau, ne pollue pas l'environnement, peut récupérer efficacement des ressources de chaleur perdue de haute qualité à partir du laitier liquide à haute température, et peut s'adapter aux besoins urgents d'économies d'énergie et de réduction des émissions dans l'industrie sidérurgique actuelle.
PCT/CN2018/096521 2018-02-26 2018-07-20 Système de granulation centrifuge à sec de laitier liquide et de récupération de chaleur perdue doté d'une fonction de mise en tampon et de régulation de débit de laitier WO2019161638A1 (fr)

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CN110484664A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2019-11-22 重庆大学 高温液态熔渣离心粒化余热回收系统创建方法
CN111074022A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-04-28 西安交通大学 一种液态熔渣缓存及流量控制装置的操作方法
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CN111074018A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-04-28 西安交通大学 一种液态熔渣缓存及流量测控装置
CN111020077B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2021-07-13 西安交通大学 一种液态熔渣余热回收系统
CN111100957A (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-05 北京大学 一种高温液态熔渣粒化及余热回收方法
CN112851294B (zh) * 2021-01-22 2022-10-11 福安市青拓环保建材有限公司 一种适用于冬季的矿渣多孔材料连续制备装置
CN114085936A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-25 北京中冶设备研究设计总院有限公司 熔渣的储渣装置及储渣方法
CN113913569A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-11 北京中冶设备研究设计总院有限公司 干法粒化储渣控流装置及储渣控流方法
CN113913567A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-11 北京中冶设备研究设计总院有限公司 熔渣干法粒化装置及粒化方法
CN117248085B (zh) * 2023-11-20 2024-02-20 河北新金轧材有限公司 一种高炉冲渣的系统能力提升设备

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