WO2019161509A1 - Machine à tambour rotatif, et procédé permettant d'utiliser cette machine - Google Patents

Machine à tambour rotatif, et procédé permettant d'utiliser cette machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019161509A1
WO2019161509A1 PCT/CA2019/050224 CA2019050224W WO2019161509A1 WO 2019161509 A1 WO2019161509 A1 WO 2019161509A1 CA 2019050224 W CA2019050224 W CA 2019050224W WO 2019161509 A1 WO2019161509 A1 WO 2019161509A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
set forth
motor
support frame
kief
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2019/050224
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Tom SHIPLEY
Ben GEILING
Original Assignee
Canopy Growth Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canopy Growth Corporation filed Critical Canopy Growth Corporation
Publication of WO2019161509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019161509A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is related to the field of rotating drum machines, in particular, rotating drum machines for use in the separation of kief from cannabis plants.
  • Hashish is an extracted product composed of compressed or purified preparations of stalked resin glands from the cannabis plant. It contains the same active ingredients as marijuana—such as tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) and other cannabinoids— but often in higher concentrations than the unsifted buds or leaves from which the marijuana is made.
  • THC tetrahydrocannabinol
  • cannabinoids cannabinoids
  • Hashish may be solid or resinous depending on the preparation; pressed hashish is usually solid, whereas water-purified hashish— often called "bubble melt hash”— is often a paste-like substance with varying hardness and pliability; its color, most commonly light to dark brown, can vary from transparent to yellow, tan, black or red. This all depends on the process and amount of solvent left over.
  • Hashish is made from cannabinoid-rich glandular hairs known as trichomes, as well as varying amounts of cannabis flower and leaf fragments.
  • the flowers of a mature female plant contain the most trichomes, though trichomes are also found on other parts of the plant.
  • Certain strains of cannabis are cultivated specifically for their ability to produce large amounts of trichomes.
  • the resin reservoirs of the trichomes are separated from the plant through various methods.
  • Ice-water separation is another mechanical method of isolating trichomes.
  • the clarity of the final product determines quality of the final product.
  • Ice -water separation is based on the principle that the resin glands of the cannabis plant are denser than water. Trichomes may break away from supporting stalks and leaves when plant material becomes brittle at low temperatures. After plant material has been agitated in an icy slush, separated trichomes are often dense enough to sink to the bottom of the ice -water mixture following agitation, while lighter pieces of leaves and stems tend to float.
  • the ice-water method requires ice, water, agitation, filtration bags with various-sized screens and plant material. With the ice-water extraction method, the resin becomes hard and brittle and can easily be separated. While this can allow large quantities of pure resins to be extracted in a very clean process without the use of solvents, the use of ice and water adds additional steps and complexity and with correspondingly more effort in the handling and disposal of the ice and water used in the process.
  • Chemical separation methods generally use a solvent such as ethanol, butane or hexane to dissolve the lipophilic desirable resin. Remaining plant materials are filtered out of the solution and sent to the compost. The solvent is then evaporated, or boiled off (purged) leaving behind the desirable resins in an oil form. The oil still contains waxes and essential oils that can be further purified by vacuum distillation.
  • the product of chemical separations is more commonly an oil and not really hashish, as the latter name covers trichomes that are extracted by sieving where most of the glands are left intact.
  • the apparatus can comprise a drum that rotates about a horizontal axis. Cannabis plants can be placed inside and as the drum rotates, kief can separate from the cannabis plants.
  • a cooling mechanism can be used to cool the cannabis plants as the drum rotates to prevent the kief from overheating and sticking together, thereby reducing the effort from extracting the kief from the drum after being separated from the cannabis plants.
  • an apparatus for separating kief from cannabis plants, the apparatus comprising: a support frame; a drum comprising a substantially horizontal drum shaft extending therethrough, the drum shaft rotatably attached to the support frame, the drum configured to rotate about the drum shaft within the support frame, the drum further comprising a closable opening configured for providing access to place cannabis plant feedstock into the drum; a drive shaft operatively coupled to the drum shaft; a motor comprising an output shaft operatively coupled to the drive shaft, wherein operation of the motor causes rotation of the drum within the support frame; and a cooling mechanism configured to cool the feedstock during rotation of the drum.
  • the apparatus can further comprise a speed reducing mechanism disposed between the output shaft and the drive shaft.
  • the speed reducing mechanism can comprise one or more of a group comprising of pulleys and belt, sprockets and chain and inter-meshed gears.
  • the motor can comprise an electric motor.
  • the apparatus can further comprise an electric motor controller configured to control the electric motor.
  • the motor can comprise a hydraulic motor.
  • the cooling mechanism can comprise a container further comprising dry ice, the container configured to be placed in the drum, the container further configured to cool the feedstock in the drum as the dry ice evaporates in the drum.
  • the apparatus can further comprise a refrigerated enclosure wherein the apparatus is disposed in the enclosure, and wherein the cooling mechanism further comprises a refrigeration mechanism configured to cool the refrigerated enclosure.
  • the refrigerated enclosure can comprise a cold room disposed in a building structure.
  • a method for separating kief from cannabis plants, the method comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus, comprising: a support frame, a drum comprising a substantially horizontal drum shaft extending therethrough, the drum shaft rotatably attached to the support frame, the drum configured to rotate about the drum shaft within the support frame, the drum further comprising a closable opening configured for providing access to place cannabis plant feedstock into the drum, a drive shaft operatively coupled to the drum shaft, a motor comprising an output shaft operatively coupled to the drive shaft, wherein operation of the motor causes rotation of the drum within the support frame, and a cooling mechanism configured to cool the feedstock during rotation of the drum; placing cannabis feedstock into the drum; operating the motor thereby causing rotation of the drum, wherein kief is separated from the feedstock when the drum is rotating; cooling the feedstock; and removing the kief separated from the feedstock from the drum.
  • the method can further comprise the step of placing a container filled with dry ice into the drum, whereby the feedstock and the kief can be cooled as the dry ice evaporates.
  • the method can further comprise the step of placing the apparatus in a refrigerated enclosure wherein the cooling mechanism comprises a refrigeration mechanism configured to cool the refrigerated enclosure.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation view depicting one embodiment of a rotating machine.
  • Figure 2 is a rear elevation view depicting the rotating machine of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a top plan view depicting the rotating machine of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a left side elevation view depicting the rotating machine of Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a right side elevation view depicting the rotating machine of Figure
  • Figure 6 is a front perspective view depicting the rotating machine of Figure 1. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiment
  • machine 10 can comprise drum 12 disposed in support frame 14.
  • Drum 12 can further comprise substantially horizontal drum shaft 16 extending therethrough.
  • Drum 12 includes a cylindrical side wall l2a and circular end walls l2b and l2c joined to flanges at opposite ends of side wall l2a with fasteners. End walls l2b and l2c may be removed from attachment to side wall l2a to access the interior of drum 12 through an opening at the end of side wall l2a and place cannabis feedstock within drum 12.
  • drum shaft 16 can be rotatably supported and attached to frame 14 by pillow block bearing 18 at one end thereof.
  • the other end of drum shaft 16 can be operatively coupled to drive shaft 28 via shaft coupler 20.
  • Drive shaft 28 can be rotatably supported and attached to frame 14 by pillow block bearings 18 disposed on platform 22, as shown in Figure 3.
  • Drive shaft 28 can be operatively coupled to output shaft 33 and motor 36.
  • drum shaft 16 may not extend all the way through drum 12 and shaft coupler 20 may be joined to the end of drum 12 opposite drive shaft 16, which is joined to the end of drum 12 opposite motor 36.
  • machine 10 can comprise a speed reducing mechanism disposed between output shaft 33 and drive shaft 28.
  • the speed reducing mechanism can comprise of drive shaft 28 comprising pulley 30 attached thereto and operatively coupled to pulley 32 disposed on output shaft 33 by belt 34.
  • the speed reducing mechanism comprises a belt and pulley system although this system can be substituted by a sprocket and chain system, an inter-meshed gear system or any other speed reducing system as well known to those skilled in the art.
  • motor 36 can comprise an electric motor, wherein machine 10 can further comprise motor controller 26 further configured to control the operation of motor 36.
  • motor controller 26 can be disposed on housing 24 further disposed on platform 22.
  • motor 36 can comprise a hydraulic motor powered by a supply of pressurized hydraulic fluid, and wherein motor controller 26 can be substituted with hydraulic motor control mechanism, as well known to used skilled in the art.
  • machine 10 can separate kief from cannabis plants placed inside of drum 12. After cannabis plants have been placed inside drum 12, motor 36 can be operated to rotate drum shaft 16 and, thus, drum 12. Cannabis plants in drum 12 will tumble therein causing kief to separate therefrom.
  • machine 10 can comprise a cooling mechanism to cool the cannabis plants and kief to keep the kief from heating up as a result of the cannabis plants being rotated within drum 12 and sticking together.
  • the cooling mechanism can comprise a container 38 (Fig. 3) filled with dry ice that is placed inside drum 12 with the cannabis plants wherein the plants, and the kief separated therefrom, can be cooled when the dry ice evaporates.
  • machine 10 can be disposed in a refrigerated enclosure, such as a walk-in refrigeration unit 40 (Fig. 6) having a refrigeration mechanism 42, as well known to those skilled in the art, wherein the environment in which machine 10 operates in is cooled to a suitable temperature (e.g., a temperature ranging from -40 to 10 degrees Celsius, -30 to 5 degrees Celsius, or -20 to 0 degrees Celsius).
  • machine 10 can operate in a batch mode where an amount of cannabis plants can be placed inside drum 12 and when the kief separation process has been completed, drum 12 stops rotating so that the kief and remaining cannabis plant material can be removed.
  • machine 10 can operate in a continuous feed mode, wherein cannabis plants can be continuously added to drum 12, and wherein kief can similarly be withdrawn.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil et un procédé qui permettent de produire du kief à partir de plantes de cannabis. L'appareil inclut un tambour qui tourne autour d'un axe horizontal et à l'intérieur duquel sont placées des plantes de cannabis. Au fur et à mesure que le tambour tourne, le kief se sépare des plantes de cannabis. Un mécanisme de refroidissement sert à refroidir ces plantes de cannabis alors que le tambour tourne afin d'empêcher le kief de s'agglomérer.
PCT/CA2019/050224 2018-02-26 2019-02-25 Machine à tambour rotatif, et procédé permettant d'utiliser cette machine WO2019161509A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862635184P 2018-02-26 2018-02-26
US62/635,184 2018-02-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019161509A1 true WO2019161509A1 (fr) 2019-08-29

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/CA2019/050224 WO2019161509A1 (fr) 2018-02-26 2019-02-25 Machine à tambour rotatif, et procédé permettant d'utiliser cette machine

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WO (1) WO2019161509A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220211093A1 (en) * 2021-01-02 2022-07-07 Frazer Industries LLC Systems and Methods for Improved Bucker Insertion

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4689143A (en) * 1986-02-26 1987-08-25 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Drum separator
WO2000006691A1 (fr) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-10 Francis Lloyd Rigby Procede et dispositif servant a extraire du lupulin depuis des cones de houblon
CN203936011U (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-11-12 邹建春 一种自动滚筛机
US9034395B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2015-05-19 Gw Pharma Limited Processes and apparatus for extraction of active substances and enriched extracts from natural products
US20180008656A1 (en) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-11 The Original Resinator, LLC Horizontal Axis Rotary Separation Apparatus and Process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4689143A (en) * 1986-02-26 1987-08-25 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Drum separator
WO2000006691A1 (fr) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-10 Francis Lloyd Rigby Procede et dispositif servant a extraire du lupulin depuis des cones de houblon
US9034395B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2015-05-19 Gw Pharma Limited Processes and apparatus for extraction of active substances and enriched extracts from natural products
CN203936011U (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-11-12 邹建春 一种自动滚筛机
US20180008656A1 (en) * 2016-07-06 2018-01-11 The Original Resinator, LLC Horizontal Axis Rotary Separation Apparatus and Process

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220211093A1 (en) * 2021-01-02 2022-07-07 Frazer Industries LLC Systems and Methods for Improved Bucker Insertion
US11957075B2 (en) * 2021-01-02 2024-04-16 Frazer Industries LLC Systems and methods for improved bucker insertion

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