WO2019158278A1

WO2019158278A1 - Valve for injecting water into an internal combustion engine, dosing valve and internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: WO2019158278A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/050416
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dieter Maisch; Hartmut Weber; Tim Lohrmann
Original assignee: ECO Holding 1 GmbH
Priority date: 2018-02-16
Filing date: 2019-01-09
Publication date: 2019-08-22
Also published as: WO2019158279A1; DE102018117856A1; DE102018114657A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve (1) for injecting water into an internal combustion engine, having an electromagnet (3) with a coil (23) and an axially movably arranged armature (24), a hydraulic part (2) having a water connection (10) and a fuel connection (11), wherein a ball seat valve (5), which can be opened by a plunger (6) connected to the armature (24), is arranged in a fluid connection between the water connection (10) and the fuel connection (11), and the valve (1) is closed without current at a defined water pressure, can be opened at a defined fuel-side pressure, and, when closed, has a maximum tightness, irrespective of the side of the ball seat valve (5) to which pressure is applied.

Description

Valve for injecting water into an internal combustion engine, metering valve and internal combustion engine

The invention relates to a valve for the injection of water into a

Internal combustion engine, a metering valve for a liquid of a vehicle and an internal combustion engine with water injection.

Water injection systems are known in the art. DE 10 2014 222 463 A1, for example, discloses a device for water injection with a water tank, which is connected by means of a feed line to a number of injection nozzles. A pump for pumping water to the injectors also serves to inject the injectors and the supply line.

A direct injection internal combustion engine with water injection and a

Cylinder head can be found in DE 10 2016 200 238 A1. Each cylinder is associated with an injection nozzle which is connected to a fuel storage and a water reservoir. The problem here is the leakage of fuel.

The object of the invention is to provide concepts for valves, in particular a valve for the injection of water into an internal combustion engine, which are improved in terms of leakage.

In one aspect, this object is achieved by a valve for injecting water into an internal combustion engine. The valve has an electromagnet with a Coil and an axially displaceable arranged on anchor. In addition, the valve has a hydraulic part with a water connection and a fuel connection. Further, a ball seat valve is disposed in fluid communication between the water port and the fuel port. The ball seat valve can be opened by a plunger connected to the armature. Further, the valve is normally closed at a specified water pressure and can still be opened at a specified fuel-side pressure. In particular, the valve in the closed state, a maximum tightness, regardless of which side of the ball seat valve is pressurized.

The valve according to the invention makes it possible to remain normally closed at a water pressure of 13.5 bar and can still be opened at a fuel-side pressure of 6.5 bar.

The water connection may be an inlet for introducing water into the valve. Further, the fuel at the end of an outlet for dispensing a metered

Be amount of water. For example, the metered amount of water is a fuel leitu ng or a mixing device for mixing the metered amount of water supplied with fuel.

In an advantageous embodiment of the valve, the ball seat valve has a

Valve housing with a ball seat, against which a locking element designed as a ball biased by a return spring can be applied. As a result, the valve can be closed without current.

Preferably, there is a between the hydraulic part and the electromagnet

Expansion space formed, which allows the inclusion of an additional volume of water during freezing. The valve according to the invention is thereby freezing in the filled state and the risk that at low temperatures the water in the system freezes and caused by the increase in volume damage in the system can be excluded.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve, the expansion space on the hydraulic side is limited by an inner part. The inner part is against the pressure of a arranged in the expansion space spring in the direction of electromagnet movable. By moving the inner part away from the ball seat valve, the advantage is achieved that additional volume can be provided for receiving the freezing and thus expanding water.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve, a valve housing of the ball seat valve is mounted in the valve so displaceable that the valve housing is displaced during freezing in the direction of the expansion space. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the freezing of the liquid damage to the ball seat valve can be avoided.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve are filling elements

provided, which limit the amounts of water in the valve. This provides the advantage that the amount of water in the valve can be reduced. As a result, it is also possible to reduce a receiving volume required for freezing the water in order to compensate for the volume increase. For example, the filling elements are made of stainless steel and / or aluminum.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve is between the

Water connection and a housing of the hydraulic part, a diaphragm, in particular a diaphragm for controlling the metered amount arranged. This provides the advantage that the dosing of the valve can be adjusted efficiently by replacing or selecting the aperture. The aperture may have an opening. About the size of the opening, the dosage can be adjusted. For example, a meter with a small opening is used for fine metering while for coarse metering, such as to achieve a shut-off function, a shutter with a large opening is selected. Further, the bezel may be made of plastic such as fluororubber (FKM) or may be a metal workpiece coated with plastic such as FKM. Alternatively or additionally, the diaphragm may comprise a deformable seal.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve, the water-carrying components of the valve are made of corrosion-resistant material. As a result, the advantage is achieved that a service life of the valve can be increased. For example, the water-bearing components made of stainless steel and / or aluminum. In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve, the components which come into contact with fuel and the environment are made of metal. As a result, the advantage is achieved that a service life of the valve can be increased.

For example, the aforementioned components are made of stainless steel and / or aluminum.

In another aspect, the object is achieved by a metering valve for a liquid of a vehicle. The metering valve has an electromagnet with a coil and an axially displaceable armature. In addition, the metering valve has a hydraulic part with an inlet for the liquid and an outlet for

Dispensing the metered liquid. A seat valve, in particular a ball seat valve, is arranged in a fluid connection between the inlet and the outlet. The seat valve can be opened by a tappet connected to the armature. In addition, the metering valve is de-energized at a first predetermined pressure at the inlet

closed. Furthermore, the metering valve can still be opened at a second predetermined pressure at the outlet. Furthermore, the metering valve is designed such that an emerging at a state of aggregate change of the liquid

Expansion volume, in particular targeted, directed against a compensation volume. By directing the expansion volume against the equalization volume, damage to the metering valve during freezing of the liquid can be avoided. The metering valve according to the invention can form a valve for the injection of water into an internal combustion engine, in particular the valve according to the invention for the injection of water into an internal combustion engine. The metering valve according to the invention and the valve according to the invention can thus have the same advantages and modifications.

The liquid may be water, an aqueous solution, especially an aqueous solution

Urea solution, oil, especially gear oil, diesel fuel and / or gasoline. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the metering valve is used for metering water which is injected into an internal combustion engine.

For example, the water is mixed with fuel prior to injection. Alternatively or additionally, the metering valve may be used to meter the urea supplied in an exhaust system. The vehicle may be a passenger car, a truck, a tractor, a motorcycle, a ship, a boat, an airplane or to be a helicopter. Further, the aggregate state change of the liquid may be freezing or evaporation of the liquid.

The first set pressure can be a fluid pressure in one at the inlet

connected liquid line, such as a water pipe, be. In a preferred embodiment, the metering valve remains closed at least until the first predetermined pressure is reached. For example, the first predetermined pressure is more than 5 bar, more than 10 bar, more than 15 bar or more than 20 bar. In a preferred embodiment, the first predetermined pressure is 13.5 bar.

The second set pressure can be a fluid pressure in one at the outlet

connected fluid line, such as a fuel line, be. In a preferred embodiment, the metering valve can be opened at least until the second predetermined pressure is reached. For example, the second set pressure is less than 5 bar, less than 10 bar or less than 15 bar. In a preferred embodiment, the second predetermined pressure is 6.5 bar.

In an advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, a valve housing of the seat valve is displaceably mounted in the metering valve in such a way that the valve housing is displaced in the direction of the compensation volume during the change in the state of aggregation of the fluid. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the freezing of the liquid damage to the poppet valve can be avoided.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the valve housing of the seat valve is displaceably mounted against the pressure of a spring. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the valve housing after thawing back into his

Origin position can be traced back. The spring may be a plate spring or a coil spring. For example, a force needed to compress the spring is in the range of 100 N to 1 kN. Furthermore, the spring may be biased during normal operation of the metering valve. For example, the compensation volume is biased by spring force in the way that multiple security against the

Moving the internal parts is given in normal operation. In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the seat valve has a valve housing with a ball seat and a closing element designed as a ball. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the metering valve can be closed without current. Alternatively, any other seat valve with comparable sealing effect can be used.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the ball is biased by means of a return spring to the ball seat can be applied. This provides the advantage that the first set pressure can be set efficiently. The

Return spring may be a coil spring. For example, the return spring has a conical shape, a cylindrical shape or a conical shape.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the

Compensation volume on an arranged between the hydraulic part and the electromagnet expansion space.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, a diaphragm for controlling the metered quantity is arranged at the inlet. This provides the advantage that the dosing of the metering valve can be adjusted efficiently by replacing or selecting the aperture. The diameter of the orifice and the pressure acting on the orifice can be used to determine the maximum dosing quantity when the dosing valve is fully open. By appropriate timing of the metering also the desired metering can be adjusted. Further, the panel may be made of plastic such as fluororubber (FKM), or a plastic such as FKM coated

Be metal workpiece. Alternatively or additionally, the diaphragm may comprise a deformable seal.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the

liquid-carrying components of the metering valve made of corrosion-resistant material. As a result, the advantage is achieved that a life of the metering valve can be increased. For example, the water-bearing components made of stainless steel and / or aluminum. In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the components of the metering valve, which come into contact with the environment, are protected against corrosion. As a result, the advantage is achieved that a life of the metering valve can be increased. For example, the aforementioned components are made of stainless steel and / or aluminum or coated with stainless steel and / or aluminum.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, at least one component of the metering valve is made of a heat-resistant material. This provides the advantage that in case of fire of the vehicle damage to the

Metering valve and / or leakage of liquid from the metering valve can be avoided. The refractory material may be stainless steel and / or aluminum. By way of example, the heat-resistant material is selected such that the component withstands a flame test or heating to 600 ° C. for several minutes, for example three minutes, without damage. If there are no requirements regarding the flame test, for example in the exhaust aftertreatment, components made of plastic can also be used in the metering valve. In a preferred embodiment, all components of the metering valve except for the aperture and possibly existing

Seals made of heat-resistant materials.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, a filling element is arranged in the metering valve, which limits the amount of liquid in the metering valve. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the amount of liquid in the metering valve can be reduced. As a result, it is also possible to reduce a receiving volume required for freezing the liquid in order to compensate for the volume increase. For example, the filling element is made of metal, such as stainless steel and / or aluminum, or plastic.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the filling element is at least partially received in the return spring. Thereby, the advantage is achieved that the volume of the liquid absorbed in the return spring can be reduced.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the return spring and the filling element have corresponding geometric shapes. Thereby, the advantage is achieved that the volume of the liquid absorbed in the return spring on can be reduced. For example, the return spring and the filling element at least in sections each have a cylindrical shape or a conical shape.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the metering valve, the metering valve is designed such that no fluid accumulations are trapped in the metering valve and / or present in an undercut region.

In another aspect, the object is achieved by an internal combustion engine with water injection. Each cylinder or cylinder of the internal combustion engine is assigned a valve according to the invention or a metering valve according to the invention. For example, the valve according to the invention or the metering valve according to the invention is assigned to a plurality of cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

In an advantageous embodiment of the internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders or all cylinders of the internal combustion engine is assigned exactly one valve or precisely one metering valve. For example, the complete internal combustion engine is assigned exactly one valve or exactly one metering valve.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the other claims, the

Description and drawings.

The invention is described below with reference to the drawings

Embodiments explained in more detail. Show it:

1 shows a metering valve according to an embodiment; and

Fig. 2, the metering valve according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

The following description concerns both valves and metering valves. Each valve can be designed as a metering valve and each metering valve can be designed as a valve. Likewise, the use of water is interpreted as the use of a liquid. Water is to be understood merely as an example of a liquid, the use is not limited thereto. In the vehicle sector metering valves are often used to dispense a precisely metered amount of liquid, for example for dosing water or aqueous urea solution. For this purpose, a metering valve with the most accurate metering possible is needed. At the same time it is necessary in the vehicle sector that in the metering valves used even at low temperatures, for example below the

Freezing point of water or below the freezing point of the aqueous

Urea solution, no leakage occurs, otherwise equipment could leak out of the vehicle.

In this regard, Fig. 1 shows a metering valve 100 for a liquid of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The metering valve 100 has an electromagnet 3 with a coil 23 and an axially displaceable armature 24. In addition, the metering valve 100 has a hydraulic part 2 with an inlet 1 10 for the liquid and an outlet 1 1 1 for dispensing the metered liquid. In a fluid connection between the inlet 1 10 and the outlet 1 1 1 is a seat valve 105, in the present embodiment, a ball seat valve 5, respectively. The seat valve 105 can be opened by a plunger 6 connected to the armature 24. Moreover, that is

Dosing valve 100 at a first predetermined pressure, for example 13.5 bar, closed at the inlet 1 10 normally. Furthermore, the metering valve 100 can still be opened at a second predetermined pressure, for example 6.5 bar, at the outlet 11. Furthermore, the metering valve 100 is designed such that a at a

Aggregates state change of liquid resulting expansion volume is directed against a compensating volume 1 16.

The inlet 1 10 of the metering valve 100 can be connected to a fluid line. In order to dose a predetermined amount of liquid from the liquid line by means of the metering valve 100, the poppet valve 105 is opened by means of the plunger 6 and the electromagnet 3 for a predetermined time. For example, for this purpose, the plunger 6 is extended in the direction of the poppet valve 105 to lift a closing element 109 of a valve seat 107 of the poppet valve 105. The metered amount of liquid may result from the opening time of the poppet valve 105, the pressure in the liquid line and / or the temperature of the liquid. For example, a pressure sensor and / or a temperature sensor is connected to the fluid line for determining the pressure and / or the temperature. In addition, the vehicle can be an electronic control to control the electromagnet 3 have. For example, the solenoid 3 is controlled by means of the engine control unit (ECU) of the vehicle. Furthermore, an aperture 19 can optionally be arranged on the inlet 11 to improve the metering function. For example, the orifice 19 has an opening over the size of the metered amount of liquid can be influenced.

Optionally, the seat valve 105 may comprise a return spring 8. By means of

Return spring 8, the closing element 109 biased to be applied to the valve seat 107. In addition, the plunger 6 and / or the electromagnet 3 may be formed, the closing element 109 against the spring force of the return spring 8 of the

Lift valve seat 107. Further, when retracting the plunger 6, the seat valve 105 can be closed by the restoring force of the return spring 8. By closing the seat valve 105, the dosage of the liquid can be stopped. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the return spring 8 is a conical spring.

In addition, the outlet 1 1 1 with another liquid line, such as a fuel line, a supply line to a fuel system or a supply line to an exhaust aftertreatment system, are connected. Upon freezing of the liquid in the further liquid line or in the area between seat valve 105 and outlet 1 1 1, the resulting additional volume is directed against the compensating volume 1 16, in the present embodiment against an expansion space 16. For this purpose, a valve housing 14 of the seat valve 105 can be displaceably mounted in the metering valve 100. For example, the valve housing 15 is slidably mounted in a bore or a receptacle of the metering valve 100. Optionally, in the

Compensation volume 1 16 a spring 17 may be arranged. In addition, an inner part 15 can be arranged between the spring 17 and the valve housing 14. When freezing the liquid in this case the valve housing 14 and the inner part 15 can be moved against the pressure or the restoring force of the spring 17 in the direction of the compensating volume 1 16 to compensate for the expansion of the freezing liquid and to prevent damage to the metering valve 100. In a preferred

Embodiment, the inner part 15 is adjacent to the compensation volume 1 16 arranged. In this case, the inner part 15 is at least partially pushed into the compensating volume 16 when the liquid is frozen. In the in Fig. 1

illustrated embodiment, the spring 17 is a plate spring or a Disc spring package consisting of two or more disc springs. However, the spring 17 may also be formed by any other spring element.

According to one embodiment, the hydraulic part 2 may be designed such that there is as little liquid as possible, such as water. In addition, it is possible to work with filling elements 13, such as filling pieces, in order to enclose less liquid. In addition, the metering valve 100 may be configured such that the liquid,

for example, when freezing, to the electromagnet 3 expands. Furthermore, the metering valve 100 may be configured such that no fluid accumulations locked, but the corresponding parts, such as the valve housing 14 and / or the inner part 15, are designed to be movable. Furthermore, the metering valve 100 may have on the side with the electromagnet 3, the expansion space 16, which can accommodate the additional volume during freezing. For this purpose, the movable inner parts, such as the valve housing 14 and / or the inner part 15, may be so strongly biased with the spring 17 that they remain in the position shown in Fig. 1 during normal operation of the metering valve 100. However, if the pressure continues to increase due to the expansion of the liquid during freezing, the spring 17 can yield and the movable inner parts can yield to the electromagnet 3. If the liquid thaws again, the spring 17 presses the internal parts back into their original position. In this way damage can be avoided.

According to another embodiment, to the above described

Valve functions, such as funding option in both directions at the required

System pressures at very low leakage, to meet the following concept. The ball seat valve 5 with the return spring 8 can be positioned with the flow direction inlet 1 10 - outlet 1 1 1, for example water - fuel. The return spring 8 can keep the metering valve 100 closed against the system pressure of the liquid, such as the water. By means of the electromagnet 3 and the plunger 6, a ball seat 7 of the ball seat valve 5 can be opened against the return spring 8 and are dosed in this way liquid. When the vehicle is stationary, the side of the inlet 110, such as the water side, of the metering valve 100 may be depressurized to remove as much fluid as possible from the system or metering valve 100.

For example, a negative pressure is generated for this purpose. In order to remove the liquid which is directly behind the ball seat 7 on the side of the outlet 1 1 1, as the Fuel side, the ball seat 7 can also against the return spring 8 and against the system pressure of the system connected to the outlet 1 1 1, such as

Fuel system to be opened by the electromagnet 3, too, here

To remove liquid. Since in the closed state of the metering valve 100, if possible, no fuel, such as fuel, should escape, the metering valve 100 may have a very high leakage requirement. For example, the

Leakage requirement higher than one achievable with a slide valve

Leakage requirement.

Figures 1 and 2 show an example of a metering valve 100. The metering valve 100 is formed as a valve 1 for injecting water into an internal combustion engine. The injection of water causes a lowering of the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber of the engine, whereby the power or the efficiency can be increased.

The valve 1 shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 1 consists of a hydraulic part 2 and an electromagnetic actuator (solenoid) 3. The compound of

Hydraulic part 2 with the electromagnetic actuator 3 is connected via Befestigungsseingriffe 4. The hydraulic part 2, by means of which a not shown water system can be connected to a fuel system, not shown, has a seat valve 105, which is formed in the present embodiment by a ball seat valve 5, which can be opened by means of a plunger 6 with the flow direction water - fuel ,

As can be seen in particular FIG. 2, which shows an enlarged detail of the valve 1, the ball seat valve 5 on a valve housing 14 a ball seat 7 and a biased with a return spring 8 against the ball seat 7 ball 9 as a closing element.

The return spring 8 keeps the ball seat valve 5 closed against the system pressure of the water.

Valve 1 must remain normally closed at a water pressure of 13.5 bar, in addition it must still be opened at a fuel-side pressure of 6.5 bar can. The valve 1 according to the invention thus meets very high demands on the tightness in both directions (water system and fuel system).

By means of the electromagnet 3 and the plunger 6, the ball seat 7 can be opened against the return spring 8 and metered water in this way.

As can be seen, an inlet 1 10, which is formed in the present embodiment by a water connection 10, and an outlet 1 1 1, which is formed in the present embodiment by a fuel port 1 1, screwed to a housing 12 of the hydraulic part 2, wherein the Ball seat valve 5 is arranged in a fluid connection between the water port 10 and the fuel port 1 1. The return spring 8 acts against the water pressure and keeps the valve 1 de-energized

closed. The force of the electromagnet 3 is designed such that the ball 9 can be safely opened against the spring force of the return spring 8 and the fuel pressure. The ball seat 7 as a seal between the water and fuel system makes it possible to keep the leakage as small as possible.

When the vehicle is stationary, the water side of the valve 1 is depressurized, possibly also a negative pressure is generated to remove as much water from the system.

In order to remove the water, which is located directly behind the ball seat 7 on the fuel side, the ball seat 7 must also be able to be opened against the return spring 8 and against the system pressure of the fuel system by the electromagnet 3 to remove the water here as well ,

Since no fuel may leak in the closed state, the valve 1 has a very high leakage requirement that can not be achieved with a slide valve.

The valve 1 must be freeze-proof in the filled state, i. It must be taken into account that the water in valve 1 expands by approx. 10% during freezing.

In order to keep the amounts of water in the valve 1 as low as possible, a filling element 13 is arranged on the fuel side, which, fixed in the housing 12, extends within the return spring 8 so far that the ball 9 can still be opened. On the water side, an axially movable inner part 15 is provided as a further filling element, through which the plunger 6 extends sealed. A sealed in the inner part 15 bearing member 18 serves to support the plunger 6 and as a stop for the valve housing 14th

The inner part 15 limits on the hydraulic side of the valve 1 an expansion space 16. This allows recording an additional volume of water during freezing, by the inner part 15 against the force of a biased in the expansion space 16 arranged spring 17 can move in the direction of electromagnet 3. The

Expansion space 16 allows expansion of the water in the direction of electromagnet 3 and prevents the blocking of water accumulation.

The inner part 15 and the bearing element 18 are biased by the spring 17 so strong that they remain during the normal operation of the valve 1 in the position shown in Fig. 1.

However, if the pressure continues to increase due to the expansion of the water during the freezing, the spring 17 will yield and the movable inner parts 17, 18 may yield to the electromagnet 3. If the water thaws again, the spring 17 presses the inner part 17, 18 back into their original position so that damage to the valve 1 can be safely avoided.

In order to limit the maximum Wasserdosiermenge, an aperture 19 is disposed between the water connection 10 and the housing 12, through the opening of which only small amounts of water are metered.

All components that come into contact with fuel and the environment are made of metal to withstand the temperature test (600 ° C for the min. Or three minutes)

to be able to withstand. The water-carrying components are made of corrosion-resistant material.

The expansion space 16 is delimited on the electromagnet side by a pole core 20, which is connected, for example, by beads 21 to a housing 22 of the electromagnet 3. Within the housing 22, a coil 23, an armature 24, the pole core 20 and the plunger 6 are arranged. The armature 24 is located coaxially in a cup-shaped sleeve 25 and is supported on an anti-adhesion disc 26, which is provided in a recess of the armature 24 is pressed. The armature 24 is mounted axially displaceable in the sleeve 25 and thus can be moved back and forth between a first armature space 27 and a second armature space 28.

At one end of the electromagnetic actuator 3 electrical plug contacts are arranged, which are surrounded by a plastic bushing 29. A lid member 31 closes the housing 22 sealingly and receives a pole yoke 30, which receives the sleeve 25 together with a coaxially oriented coil carrier 32.

Claims

claims

1. Valve (1) for injecting water into an internal combustion engine with

an electromagnet (3) with a coil (23) and an axially displaceable armature (24), a hydraulic part (2) with a water connection (10) and a fuel connection (1 1), wherein in a fluid connection between the water connection (10) and the fuel connection (1 1) is arranged a ball seat valve (5) which can be opened by a plunger (6) connected to the armature (24), wherein the valve (1) is normally closed at a fixed water pressure, with a fixed fuel side Pressure can still be opened, and in the closed state has a high density, regardless of which side of the ball seat valve (5) is pressurized.

2. Valve (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that between the hydraulic part (2) and the electromagnet (3) an expansion space (16) is formed, which allows the inclusion of an additional volume of water during freezing.

3. Valve (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the expansion space (16) on the hydraulic side by an inner part (15) is limited, which against the pressure of a expansion in the space (16) arranged spring (17) in the direction of electromagnet ( 3) is movable.

4. valve (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a valve housing (14) of the ball seat valve (5) in the valve (1) is slidably mounted such that the valve housing (14) during freezing in the direction of the expansion space ( 16) is moved.

5. Valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that filling elements (13, 15) are provided which limit the amounts of water in the valve (1).

A metering valve (100) for a liquid of a vehicle, comprising: an electromagnet (3) having a coil (23) and an axially displaceable armature (24), and a hydraulic part (2) having an inlet (1 10) for the liquid and an outlet (1 1 1) for dispensing the metered liquid, wherein in a fluid connection between the inlet (1 10) and the outlet (1 1 1) a poppet valve (105) is arranged, which by one with the armature (24) connected to the plunger (6) can be opened, and wherein the metering valve (100) at a first predetermined pressure at the inlet (1 10) is normally closed and at a second predetermined pressure at the outlet (1 1 1) can still be opened, characterized in that the metering valve (100) is designed in such a way that an expansion volume arising in the event of a change in the state of the fluid is directed against a compensating volume (1 16).

7. metering valve (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that a

Valve housing (14) of the seat valve (105) is slidably mounted in the metering valve (100) such that the valve housing (14) in the

Aggregate state change of the liquid in the direction of the compensation volume (1 16) is shifted.

8. metering valve (100) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the valve housing (14) of the seat valve (105) against the pressure of a spring (17) is displaceably mounted.

9. metering valve (100) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the seat valve (105) has a valve housing (14) with a ball seat (7) and a ball (9) formed closing element.

10. metering valve (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that the ball (9) by means of a return spring (8) biased to the ball seat (7) can be applied.

1 1. metering valve (100) according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the compensating volume (1 16) has a between the hydraulic part (2) and the electromagnet (3) arranged expansion space (16).

12. metering valve (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 1 1, characterized in that at the inlet (1 10) an aperture (19) is arranged for controlling the metered amount.

13. metering valve (100) according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the liquid-carrying components of the metering valve (100) are made of corrosion-resistant material.

14, metering valve (100) according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the components of the metering valve (100) which come into contact with the environment, are executed protected against corrosion.

15. metering valve (100) according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that at least one component of the metering valve (100) is made of a heat-resistant material.

16. metering valve (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that in the metering valve (100) a filling element (13, 15) is arranged, which limits the amount of liquid in the metering valve (100).

17. internal combustion engine with water injection, characterized in that each cylinder or a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, a valve (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 or a metering valve (100) is assigned according to one of claims 6 to 16.

18. Internal combustion engine according to claim 17, characterized in that a plurality of cylinders or all cylinders of the internal combustion engine exactly one valve (1) or exactly one metering valve (100) is associated.