WO2019156935A1 - Garantie de latence destinée à un service de diffusion en continu, multimédia, vers un abonné mobile - Google Patents

Garantie de latence destinée à un service de diffusion en continu, multimédia, vers un abonné mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019156935A1
WO2019156935A1 PCT/US2019/016526 US2019016526W WO2019156935A1 WO 2019156935 A1 WO2019156935 A1 WO 2019156935A1 US 2019016526 W US2019016526 W US 2019016526W WO 2019156935 A1 WO2019156935 A1 WO 2019156935A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
travel
transportation vehicle
route
base stations
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/016526
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lijun Dong
Ravishankar Ravindran
Original Assignee
Futurewei Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Futurewei Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Futurewei Technologies, Inc.
Publication of WO2019156935A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019156935A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5681—Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
    • H04W4/027—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters using movement velocity, acceleration information

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of networking, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for providing latency guarantee for multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber.
  • Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video, and interactive content.
  • Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a provider.
  • Multimedia services over mobile networks pose several challenges, such as the efficient management of radio resources or the latency induced by network delays and buffering requirements on the multimedia players.
  • a first aspect relates to a computer-implemented method for reducing latency for multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber.
  • a user request is received for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service for a multimedia content.
  • the reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service is provided to a device of the user while the device is moving at a speed of a transportation vehicle in which the device is located.
  • the method determines a route of travel of the transportation vehicle using information contained in the user request.
  • the method determines a set of base stations along the route of travel of the transportation vehicle.
  • the method determines a coverage distance that the device of the user will be connected to each base station in the set of base stations while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel based on a location of each base station and a coverage area of each base station.
  • the method determines a time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations based on the coverage distance.
  • the method determines a storage amount to allocate on each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel for provisioning of the multimedia content based on the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method determines a network bandwidth amount to allocate to each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel for provisioning of the multimedia content based on the storage amount and the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method determines a portion of the multimedia content to provision at each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel based on the network bandwidth amount, the storage amount, and the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method tracks a device location of the device while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel.
  • the method allocates the storage amount, the network bandwidth amount, and provisioning the portion of the multimedia content to each base station in the set of base stations prior to the device location being in the coverage distance of each base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method can reduce or eliminate latency for multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber on an individual per user basis because the network resources and the multimedia content for the particular user are pre allocated and retrieved at each base station along the route of travel of the user prior to the user device entering coverage area of the base station.
  • the user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service from a user includes a content identifier associated with the content to be streamed to the device of the user and a destination of the transportation vehicle.
  • the user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service from a user further includes Quality of Service (QoS) requirements (e.g., resolution of the content).
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service from a user further includes a current location of the vehicle.
  • the method further includes deleting the portion of the multimedia content from each base station in the set of base stations, and freeing up the storage amount and the network bandwidth amount, after the device in the transportation vehicle travels out of the coverage distance of each base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method further includes determining when to allocate the storage amount, the network bandwidth amount, and provisioning the portion of the multimedia content to each base station in the set of base stations based on the device location of the device while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel.
  • tracking the device location of the device while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel includes estimating a future location of the transportation vehicle along the route of travel based on a current velocity of the transportation vehicle, traffic conditions along the route of travel, and legal speed limit laws along the route of travel.
  • a seventh implementation form of the computer-implemented method according to the first aspect as such or any preceding implementation form of the first aspect the method further includes implementing a network slice having configuration and requirements for supporting the reduce latency mobile multimedia streaming service.
  • a second aspect relates to a computer-implemented method for reducing latency for multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber. The method receives a user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service for a multimedia content. The reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service is provided to a device of the user while the device is moving at a speed of a transportation vehicle in which the device is located. The method determines a route of travel of the transportation vehicle using information contained in the user request.
  • the method determines a set of base stations along the route of travel of the transportation vehicle.
  • the method tracks a device location of the device while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel.
  • the method allocates a storage amount, a network bandwidth amount, and provisioning a portion of the multimedia content to each base station in the set of base stations prior to the device location being in a coverage area of each base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method can reduce or eliminate latency for multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber on an individual per user basis because the network resources and the multimedia content for the particular user are pre-allocated and retrieved at each base station along the route of travel of the user prior to the user device entering coverage area of the base station.
  • the method further includes determining a coverage distance that the device of the user will be connected to each base station in the set of base stations while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel based on a location of each base station and the coverage area of each base station.
  • the method further includes determining a time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations based on the coverage distance.
  • the method further includes determining the storage amount to allocate on each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel for provisioning of the multimedia content based on the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method further includes determining the network bandwidth amount to allocate to each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel for provisioning of the multimedia content based on the storage amount and the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method further includes determining the portion of the multimedia content to provision at each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel based on the network bandwidth amount, the storage amount, and the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service from a user includes a content identifier associated with the content to be streamed to the device of the user and a destination of the transportation vehicle.
  • the method further includes deleting the portion of the multimedia content from each base station in the set of base stations, and freeing up the storage amount and the network bandwidth amount, after the device in the transportation vehicle travels out of the coverage distance of each base station in the set of base stations.
  • the method further includes determining when to allocate the storage amount, the network bandwidth amount, and provisioning the portion of the multimedia content to each base station in the set of base stations based on the device location of the device while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel.
  • tracking the device location of the device while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel includes estimating a future location of the transportation vehicle along the route of travel based on a current velocity of the transportation vehicle, traffic conditions along the route of travel, and legal speed limit laws along the route of travel.
  • the method further includes implementing a network slice having configuration and requirements for supporting the reduce latency mobile multimedia streaming service.
  • a third aspect relates to an apparatus or system comprising at least a processor and memory specially configured to perform any of the preceding aspects as such or any preceding implementation form of any of the preceding aspects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a network for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a two-tier network slicing example in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mobile multimedia streaming service slice model in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a data structure that can be used for requesting multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a route calculation for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a process for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating latency improvement in delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a module or unit as referenced herein may comprise one or more hardware or electrical components such as electrical circuitry, processors, and memory that may be specially configured to perform a particular function.
  • the memory may be volatile memory or non volatile memory that stores data such as, but not limited to, computer executable instructions, machine code, and other various forms of data.
  • the module or unit may be configured to use the data to execute one or more instructions to perform one or more tasks.
  • a unit may also refer to a particular set of functions, software instructions, or circuitry that is configured to perform a specific task.
  • Latency is defined as a delay or amount of delay. Latency can cause streaming multimedia content to be jittery, completely stop, or pause/freeze while the streaming multimedia content is buffering. Buffering involves pre-loading data into a certain area of memory known as a“buffer,” so the data can be accessed more quickly when needed. Latency can be caused by various factors including data availability, distance, and network congestion/lack of network resources (e.g., bandwidth). In particular, latency is an issue that affects multimedia streaming to a moving subscriber because data must be rerouted as the moving subscriber switches from one base station to another base station.
  • a moving subscriber as referenced herein is a user device that is located in a moving transportation vehicle such as, but not limited to, a car or a train that can travel at a high velocity speed.
  • network resources of a fifth generation (5G) network can be leveraged by constructing a slice with appropriate resource allocation on a per user basis.
  • network resource allocation algorithms are proposed to ensure that the storage and bandwidth are appropriately reserved to provision the video content blocks to the designated base stations. The moving subscriber can experience no latency in receiving the video content with exceedingly efficient storage usage and reasonable bandwidth expense.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a network 100 for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the network 100 includes the Internet core network 110, an evolved packet core (EPC) network 120, and a radio access network (RAN) 130.
  • the Internet core network 110 is the core network (or backbone) of the Internet that provides various services including access to different sub-networks.
  • the EPC network 120 is the core network of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system and provides converged voice and data services.
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • the EPC network 120 can include various components for routing voice and data packets including serving gateways (S-gateways) that route data packets through the network, mobility management entities (MMEs) that manage session states and authenticate/tracks a user across the EPC network 120, and packet data node gateways (PGWs) that act as the interface between the EPC network 120 and other packet data networks.
  • S-gateways serving gateways
  • MMEs mobility management entities
  • PGWs packet data node gateways
  • the RAN 130 includes a plurality of cell/data towers or base stations (e.g., 130A, 130B, and 130C) that use radio signals for connecting individual devices to other parts of the network 100.
  • the network 100 enables delivery of multimedia streaming service from one or more multimedia streaming servers 102 to a user device 150 that is moving in a transportation vehicle 140.
  • the multimedia streaming servers 102 may be owned or operated by one or more multimedia content providers.
  • the user device 150 can be any type of device capable of receiving and presenting multimedia content to a user.
  • the user device 150 can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, and/or other mobile computing device that a user carries onto the transportation vehicle 140.
  • the user device 150 can also be integrated within the transportation vehicle 140 (e.g., a vehicle that has a built-in device that is capable of streaming and displaying multimedia content).
  • the user device 150 switches its connection from one base station to another (e.g., from 130A to 130B to 130C) when it moves out of the coverage area of the previous base station (coverage areas 132A, 132B, and 132C).
  • the user device 150 in the transportation vehicle 140 is streaming multimedia content (e.g., movie, online television, music, etc.) during the travel time, the user device 150 is likely to experience latency issues as it waits for the content to be returned from the multimedia streaming servers 102.
  • multimedia content e.g., movie, online television, music, etc.
  • the existing content prefetching mechanisms (popularity based, or social aware, etc.) are used to serve many users opportunistically.
  • the existing content prefetching solutions are likely to fail to provide the content copies at the edge (i.e., base station), thus the latency experienced by the subscriber would be long in waiting for the content to be returned from the original server.
  • a multimedia streaming controller 124 is configured to eliminate or reduce latency for multimedia streaming service to the user device 150 that is moving in transportation vehicle 140 (i.e., to the moving subscriber) on a per user basis.
  • a service provider may provide this individual per user service as a premium service to subscribers who have paid a higher price to guarantee that latency is either reduced or eliminated when streaming multimedia content.
  • the multimedia streaming controller 124 can be located in the EPC network 120 as shown in FIG. 1. However, the multimedia streaming controller 124 can be located in other parts of the network 100.
  • the multimedia streaming controller 124 can be a separate independent system or can be part of another system such as, but not limited to, a gateway controller, router, or network server. As will be further described, in one embodiment, the multimedia streaming controller 124 is configured to create a network slice for the multimedia streaming service to allocate the network resources and services needed to provide the latency guarantee for multimedia streaming services to moving subscribers.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a two-tier network slice architecture 200 that can be used to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the slice architecture 200 can be implemented in a 5G network.
  • the 5G network is required to support enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine-type communications, and ultra-reliable low-latency communications.
  • a 5G slice is composed of a collection of 5G network functions and specific radio access technology (RAT) settings that are combined together for the specific use case or business model to enable real time functionalities, such as on-demand deployment of storage and bandwidth resources, flexible coordination, and slice construction and constitution.
  • RAT radio access technology
  • a slice provides a number of services with dedicated or shared, physical or virtualized network resources, and implements network functions to control or manage these services and resources.
  • Different slices may provide the same types of services with different QoS.
  • a user can use services in one slice or multiple slices. Different services can also share a slice if policy permits it.
  • the service of the upper level slice is an orchestration of the services provided by the lower level sub-slices (intra-domain or inter-domain).
  • the two-tier network slice architecture 200 includes a top tier network slice 210, which is composed of the lower level sub-slices 212, 214, and 216 grouped in different contexts (e.g. domains, dependencies, ownerships, share-ability, etc.).
  • Each of the slices (210, 212, 214, and 216) includes a slice controller (210C, 212C, 214C, and 216C) that manages the virtual resources and orchestrates them for the user’s service requests.
  • Each network slice (210, 212, 214, and 216) can have a set of physical and virtual resources (network resource 21 OR, 212R, 214R, and 216R) and functions (network service 21 OS, 212S, 214S, and 216S). The lowest level of resources of the network is constructed by physical resources.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mobile multimedia streaming service slice model 300 that is configured to reduce latency for multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming service slice model 300 can be implemented or executed by a system such as, but not limited to, the multimedia streaming controller 124 depicted in FIG. 1.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming service slice model 300 includes a mobile multimedia streaming slice 302, a context tracking slice 304, a route calculation slice 312, a storage allocation slice 314, a network bandwidth allocation slice 316, a content provisioning and delivery slice 318, and a service orchestration slice 320.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming slice 302 provides the application programming interface (API) for communicating with the user device 150 and the multimedia streaming servers 102 for retrieving a particular multimedia content for the user device 150.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming slice 302 is configured to receive a user request for reduced latency multimedia streaming service from the user device 150.
  • the user request can include a content identifier that identifies a particular multimedia content, a current location or starting location of the user device 150 that will be receiving the streaming multimedia content, and a destination location of the transportation vehicle 140 associated with the user device 150.
  • the user request can also include QoS requirements (e.g., resolution of the content).
  • the mobile multimedia streaming slice 302 can also be configured to create a network slice for the multimedia streaming service to allocate the network resources and services needed to provide the latency guarantee for the multimedia streaming services to the moving subscriber.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming slice 302 passes the current location and destination location information on to the route calculation slice 312.
  • the route calculation slice 312 is configured to determine a travel route from the current location to the destination location. In some embodiments, the route calculation slice 312 may determine multiple travel routes from the current location to the destination location. In some embodiments, the route calculation slice 312 can be configured to request that a user select a particular travel route if multiple travel routes are available.
  • the context tracking slice 304 can track the location of the user device 150/transportation vehicle 140 and adjust the route selection as necessary based on real-time location information of the user device 150.
  • the route calculation slice 312 can adjust the routes based on the type of transportation vehicle 140 that is being used (e.g., car, train, public bus, etc.). Based on the travel route, the route calculation slice 312 can determine a set of base stations along the route of travel of the transportation vehicle and the distance between one base station to the next base station along the path can be determined as well. The route calculation slice 312 can also calculate the time that the transportation vehicle 140 needs to travel away from a current base station to connect to a next base station in the set of base stations.
  • the route calculation slice 312 can also calculate the time that the transportation vehicle 140 needs to travel away from a current base station to connect to a next base station in the set of base stations.
  • h L satisfies the following conditions: h t h L — d 0rigin Dest .
  • D is the average diameter of a circle that represents the coverage area of a base station, and d-origin, Dest i s the distance between the origin and destination locations.
  • the location, velocity, and traffic conditions associated with the transportation vehicle 140 and the user device 150 can be monitored by the context tracking slice 304.
  • the context tracking slice 304 can include subslices such as, but not limited to, a location tracking slice 306, a velocity tracking slice 308, and a traffic tracking slice 310.
  • the location tracking slice 306 constantly tracks the location of the user device 150/transportation vehicle 140.
  • the location data can be retrieved from the Global Positioning System (GPS) slice of the user device 150.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the location of the user device 150 can be determined based on signal triangulation using the base stations with less accuracy.
  • Signal triangulation is a process by which the location of a radio transmitter of the user device 150 can be determined by measuring either the radial distance, or the direction, of the received signal from two or three different points (i.e., from the base stations).
  • the velocity tracking slice 308 provides the average velocity tracking service.
  • the velocity tracking slice 308 can be configured to constantly track the speed of the transportation vehicle 140 (denoted as Vi), such that it can calculate the time period (denoted as t ⁇ ) that the transportation vehicle 140 needs to travel before it switches from one base station to another (t l — h v ).
  • the traffic tracking slice 310 provides the traffic information delivery or notification service.
  • the context tracking slice 304 can calculate a coverage distance that the user device 150 will be connected to each base station in the set of base stations while the transportation vehicle is moving along the route of travel based on a location of each base station and a coverage area of each base station.
  • the storage allocation slice 314 provides the storage/caching allocation service to the base stations.
  • the storage is allocated in each base station (denoted as storage ) along the path for the provisioning of the multimedia content.
  • the storage allocation slice 314 can be configured to determine a storage amount to allocate on each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel for provisioning of the multimedia content based on the time period, which is ti, that the user device 150 in the transportation vehicle 140 needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations and optionally, the resolution of the multimedia content (denoted as resolution) as well as the size per second of the multimedia content with the corresponding resolution (denoted as s pers ).
  • s pers may be published in the network and known to the base station as the metadata of the content, or can be retrieved by the base station, or can be broadcast by the multimedia streaming server 102 to all the base stations (1...N) before the streaming starts.
  • the estimation of t t is not required to be precise, but instead includes additional time to include extra buffer space to the storage size at the base station as well as the size of the multimedia content being provisioned.
  • the actual size of the extra buffer size can vary.
  • the extra buffer size is a safeguard in case the user device 150 remains connected to a certain base station longer than expected, e.g., due to a sudden traffic jam, construction, or a slow down due to weather conditions.
  • the network bandwidth allocation slice 316 can be configured to determine a network bandwidth amount to allocate to each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel for provisioning of the multimedia content based on the storage amount and the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the network bandwidth allocation slice 316 can provide the network bandwidth allocation service to the base stations as well as the nodes in the EPC network 120 and the Internet core network 110 for the prompt delivery of the multimedia content.
  • bandwidthE&Ci The network bandwidth in the EPC network 120 and the Internet core network 110 that needs to be appropriately assigned for this specific mobile multimedia streaming slice instance can be denoted as bandwidthE&Ci for provisioning the multimedia content in time to the base stations.
  • bandwidthE&Ci For instance, for a base station i, the size of the multimedia content to be provisioned is storage i and the time limit for the provisioning is t j-x + t j .
  • the bandwidth that needs to be assigned for this specific multimedia streaming slice instance is: bandwidthE&Ci > storage
  • bandwidthBSi This specific mobile multimedia streaming slice instance
  • ti the time period that the content could be streamed
  • the content provisioning and delivery slice 318 is in charge of the process of content provisioning.
  • the content provisioning and delivery slice 318 can be configured to determine a portion of the multimedia content to provision at each base station in the set of base stations along the route of travel based on the network bandwidth amount, the storage amount, and the time period that the device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station in the set of base stations.
  • the content provisioning and delivery slice 318 can obtain some of the above information from the other slices (e.g., route calculation slice 312, storage allocation slice 314, etc.). Through this provisioning, the user device 150 does not need to wait during the time when the base station sends the device's request, and the necessary block of the content is being delivered from the multimedia streaming server to the RAN 130. Therefore, when the user device 150 moves and connects to a new base station, the user device 150 can receive continuous streaming of the multimedia content immediately without experiencing latency. Based on the network bandwidth that the base station assigns to the device, the content provisioning and delivery slice 318 can control how fast the streaming buffer is built up.
  • the other slices e.g., route calculation slice 312, storage allocation slice 314, etc.
  • the service orchestration slice 320 can be configured to handle user requests and coordinate the various services of the context tracking slice 304, the route calculation slice 312, the storage allocation slice 314, the network bandwidth allocation slice 316, and the content provisioning and delivery slice 318.
  • the service orchestration slice 320 can be configured to assign a slice instance for a specific request from a particular user device, determine when to allocate a network slice for the user device 150, when to update a route calculation, when to allocate a storage amount or network bandwidth amount to each base station, when to deallocate or free up a storage amount or network bandwidth amount that was allocated to a base station, etc.
  • the user request for reduced latency multimedia streaming service can be carried in an internet protocol (IP) packet (e.g., IPv4 or IPv6 packet) with extended blocks of information when IP is used as the underlying transport protocol.
  • IP internet protocol
  • the data structure can be also included in other types of data packets when other transport protocols are used. With the extended blocks of information, intermediate routers could have in-band processing of the packet.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a data structure 400 that can be used in a user-request for requesting multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the intermediate routers could have in-band processing of the packet.
  • Block 1 (as indicated in FIG. 4) includes a forward to service orchestrator 406 field that provides instruction to the intermediate routers that the packet should be firstly processed by the service orchestrator (e.g., service orchestration slice 320 described in FIG. 3), which is in charge of orchestrating other sub-services to provide the multimedia streaming service.
  • the service orchestrator e.g., service orchestration slice 320 described in FIG. 3
  • Block 2 includes the user’s request information such as the requested multimedia content identifier specified in a content identifier 402 field, and quality of service requirement specified in a QoS requirement 404 field.
  • Block 2 can also include other relevant information, such as the location information specified in a vehicle current and destination locations 408 field, and service subscription profile contained in a user’s service subscription profile 410 field. Such information can be inserted on the path by the intermediate nodes and used by the orchestrator to make decisions on the resources allocation.
  • the data structure 400 can also include a source IP address 412 field that contains the user device’s IP address, and a destination IP address 414 field that specifies the IP address of the multimedia streaming server.
  • the user request information can also be carried in an interest message if Name Data Networking (NDN) is used as the underlying transport protocol.
  • NDN Name Data Networking
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a route calculation for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the multimedia content streaming is long enough that it occupies the whole trip from the origin 502 to the destination 520.
  • the following procedure is carried out to provide the mobile multimedia streaming service to the device with better performance (i.e., reduced latency).
  • the vehicle's velocity can be constantly and/or periodically monitored in order to estimate the time period (tQ that the vehicle needs to travel before it switches from base station i to the base station i + 1.
  • the storage allocation service calculates the storage that needs to be allocated for the provisioning of the multimedia content (storagei).
  • the storage allocation service requests the corresponding storage to be allocated at the base station i.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming orchestrator requests the network bandwidth allocation service to allocate the proper network bandwidth in the EPC network 120 and Internet core network 110, as well as the network bandwidth that the base station i needs to assign to the device.
  • the network bandwidth allocation service calculates the network bandwidth in the EPC network 120 and Internet core network 110 for this specific mobile multimedia streaming slice instance ( bandwidthE&Ci ) for provisioning the multimedia content in time to the base station i. It also calculates the network bandwidth between the device and the base station for this specific mobile multimedia streaming slice instance ( bandwidthBSi ) for delivering/streaming the provisioned multimedia content from the base station i to the device.
  • the network bandwidth allocation service requests the corresponding bandwidth to be allocated in the EPC network 120, Internet core network 110, and at the base station i.
  • the mobile multimedia streaming service orchestrator requests the content provisioning and delivery service to deliver the content to the base station i— 1 to which the device is currently connected.
  • the content provisioning and delivery service requests the multimedia streaming server 102 to start the provisioning of the proper portion of the content (Block i ) to the next base station i that the device is going to switch to and finish the provisioning before the device moves into the range of the base station i.
  • the multimedia streaming server 102 delivers the proper portion of the content (Block i) to the base station i through the EPC network 120 and Internet core network 110.
  • the base station i delivers the multimedia content to the device when it is in range and connected.
  • the device does not experience any buffering of the streaming multimedia content and the performance is significantly improved for providing a better user’ experience.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process 600 for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the process 600 can be executed by a system such as, but not limited to, the multimedia streaming controller 124 depicted in FIG. 1.
  • the instructions for implementing the process 600 can be encoded using the mobile multimedia streaming service slice model 300 described in FIG. 3 and executed by the multimedia streaming server 102 described in FIG. 1.
  • the process 600 begins, at step 602, by receiving a user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service for a multimedia content for a user device.
  • the request may be received from the user device that is to receive the multimedia streamlining content or may be received from another device associated with the user, in which case, the request may specify the user device that is to receive the multimedia streamlining content.
  • the user request may be received prior to the start of travel (starting/origin location specified in request) or while the user device/vehicle is in transit (current location is used as starting location) for route calculation.
  • the data for the reduced latency of the multimedia streamlining content to a moving subscriber service may be carried in an IP packet with extended blocks of information in the user request as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the process 600 determines the travel route based on the data obtained from the user request.
  • the process 600 may automatically select a travel route based on predetermined user preferences such as, but not limited to, shortest path, fastest path, avoid traffic, avoid tolls, etc. Alternatively, the process 600 may be configured to request that a user select or confirm a particular route of travel.
  • the process 600 determines a set of base stations along the determined travel route that the user device will connect to as it travels along the travel route.
  • the process 600 tracks the location of the user device/vehicle as it moves along the travel route.
  • the process 600 Prior to the user device entering a coverage area of a base station that the user device will connect to along the travel route, the process 600, at step 610, allocates a storage amount, a network bandwidth amount, and provisions a portion of the multimedia content to the base station. This process 600 ensures that the user device will experience less or no latency.
  • the process 600 can be configured to automatically recalculate a new travel route, determine a new set of base stations along the new route, and perform the disclosed process based on the new travel route/base stations. Alternatively, the process 600 can confirm with the user a new travel route prior to determining a new set of base stations.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a process 700 for delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Process 700 describes a more detailed embodiment than process 600.
  • the process 700 can be executed by a system such as, but not limited to, the multimedia streaming controller 124 depicted in FIG. 1.
  • the instructions for implementing the process 700 can be encoded in a module such as the mobile multimedia streaming service slice model 300 described in FIG. 3.
  • the process 700 receives a user request for reduced latency mobile multimedia streaming service for a multimedia content for a user device. Similarly, at step 704 and step 706, the process 700 determines the travel route and a set of base stations along travel route. [0071] At step 708, the process 700 determines a coverage distance that the user device will be connected to each base station. The coverage distance can be determined based on the coverage area associated with each of the base stations. The coverage area of each base station may be predetermined by a service provider and stored in a database or data table that is queried by the process 700.
  • the process determines a time period that the user device in the transportation vehicle needs to travel before switching from one base station to another base station. This enables the process 700 to determine how much of the multimedia content will be consumed by the user device while connected to a base station and when to allocate/provision the multimedia content to the base station. For instance, based on the coverage distance, the process 700, at step 712, determines a storage amount to allocate on each base station for storing the block of multimedia content that will be consumed by the user device while connected to the base station. As described above, in some embodiments, an extra amount of storage (beyond what’s needed to store the block of multimedia content) can be allocated to the base station as an additional precautionary buffer to prevent memory overruns. At step 714, the process 700 determines a network bandwidth amount to allocate to each base station based on the size of the block of multimedia content and QoS requirements.
  • the process 700 determines a portion of the multimedia content to provision at each base station based on the coverage distance of each base station.
  • the process 700 tracks the location of the user device while the vehicle is moving along the travel route.
  • the process 700 allocates the storage amount, the network bandwidth amount, and provisions the portion of the multimedia content to each base station prior to the location of the user device being in a coverage area of each base station.
  • the process 700 can also include the step of deallocating/freeing up the storage amount and network bandwidth from each of the base stations after the vehicle departs from the coverage area of the base station along the travel route.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph 800 illustrating latency improvement in delivering multimedia streaming service to a moving subscriber in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a customization-less scheme 810 is charted against a customize scheme 820 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the customization less scheme 810 when a car drives from one location to a destination location, the base station which the car is connected to will request the corresponding block of the content from the cache. As the car moves, the individual block of the content is transported from the caching base station to other base stations through the EPC network. This process introduces the latency L ci experienced by the user device.
  • the user device only experiences latency L2 in the start period when the first block of the content is being transported from the original server to the first base station.
  • L2 is equal to 400 milliseconds (ms). The disclosed embodiments can achieve no delay afterwards.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a network device 900 according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the network device 900 is suitable for implementing the disclosed embodiments as described herein.
  • the multimedia streaming controller 124 as depicted in FIG. 1 can be implemented using the network device 900.
  • the network device 900 comprises ingress ports 910 and receiver units (Rx) 920 for receiving data; a processor, logic unit, or central processing unit (CPU) 930 to process the data; transmitter units (Tx) 940 and egress ports 950 for transmitting the data; and a memory 960 for storing the data.
  • Rx receiver units
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the network device 900 may also comprise optical-to-electrical (OE) components and electrical -to-optical (EO) components coupled to the ingress ports 910, the receiver units 920, the transmitter units 940, and the egress ports 950 for egress or ingress of optical or electrical signals.
  • OE optical-to-electrical
  • EO electrical -to-optical
  • the processor 930 may be implemented as one or more CPU chips, cores (e.g., as a multi-core processor), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and digital signal processors (DSPs).
  • the processor 930 is in communication with the ingress ports 910, receiver units 920, transmitter units 940, egress ports 950, and memory 960.
  • the processor 930 can be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 960.
  • the memory 960 can be any type of memory or component capable of storing data and/or instructions.
  • the memory 960 may be volatile and/or non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM), and/or static random-access memory (SRAM).
  • the memory 960 can also include one or more disks, tape drives, and solid-state drives and may be used as an over-flow data storage device, to store programs when such programs are selected for execution, and to store instructions and data that are read during program execution.
  • the memory 960 is memory that is integrated with the processor 930.
  • the memory 960 stores a multimedia streaming service module 970 that includes instructions for implementing the disclosed embodiments.
  • the multimedia streaming service module 970 can include instructions for implementing the mobile multimedia streaming service slice model 300 as described in FIG. 3, and the processes described in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.
  • the inclusion of the multimedia streaming service module 970 therefore provides a substantial improvement to the functionality of the network device 900 and the functionality of streaming multimedia content to a mobile subscriber.
  • the disclosed embodiments can eliminate latency to a mobile subscriber after an initial block of content is retrieved from the content server.
  • the disclosed embodiments can also improve network bandwidth usage.
  • the disclosed embodiments require less network bandwidth resources than the customization-less scheme 810 described in FIG. 8.
  • the customization-less scheme 810 requires each one of the content to be cached in the base stations, which would largely increase the network bandwidth, whereas the disclosed embodiments do not consume any more bandwidth no matter which content video are being requested.
  • the disclosed embodiments use less storage at each of the base stations as compared to the customization-less scheme 810, and therefore is more storage efficient.
  • the disclosed embodiments present a multimedia streaming service that is designed on a per subscriber basis with the necessary resources allocated. Additionally, the disclosed embodiments are contextually aware, including awareness of the subscriber’s location, the vehicle’s moving speed, and the accurate portion of multimedia content to be provisioned at each one of the base stations. Thus the subscriber will experience no latency in getting the necessary portion of the content when it moves from one base station to another base station along the travel route.
  • the disclosed embodiments may be a system, an apparatus, a method, and/or a computer program product at any possible technical detail level of integration.
  • the computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de réduction de latence destiné à un service de diffusion en continu, multimédia, vers un abonné mobile, et consistant à recevoir une demande utilisateur de service de diffusion en continu, multimédia, mobile, à latence réduite, d'un contenu multimédia. Le service de diffusion en continu, multimédia, est fourni à un dispositif utilisateur (UD) tandis que l'UD se situe dans un véhicule de transport en mouvement. Le procédé détermine un itinéraire de déplacement du véhicule à l'aide d'informations contenues dans la demande utilisateur. Le procédé détermine un ensemble de stations de base le long de l'itinéraire de déplacement. Le procédé suit un emplacement de l'UD pendant que le véhicule se déplace le long de l'itinéraire de déplacement. Le procédé attribue une quantité de stockage, une quantité de bande passante de réseau, et fournit une partie du contenu multimédia à chaque station de base de l'ensemble de stations de base avant que l'UD se situe dans une zone de couverture de chaque station de base, afin d'éliminer ou de réduire la latence pendant le déplacement du dispositif utilisateur le long de l'itinéraire de déplacement.
PCT/US2019/016526 2018-02-12 2019-02-04 Garantie de latence destinée à un service de diffusion en continu, multimédia, vers un abonné mobile WO2019156935A1 (fr)

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CN113810969A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2021-12-17 广州通达汽车电气股份有限公司 一种基站切换方法、装置、多媒体设备和存储介质
CN114221886A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-22 杭州米络星科技(集团)有限公司 一种数据传输方法、装置、流媒体服务器及发送客户端
CN114586324A (zh) * 2019-10-08 2022-06-03 高通股份有限公司 为下行链路流传输中的业务处理提供网络辅助的系统和装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114586324A (zh) * 2019-10-08 2022-06-03 高通股份有限公司 为下行链路流传输中的业务处理提供网络辅助的系统和装置
CN114586324B (zh) * 2019-10-08 2024-01-12 高通股份有限公司 一种用于从网络提供服务的方法、装置和存储介质
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CN113810969A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2021-12-17 广州通达汽车电气股份有限公司 一种基站切换方法、装置、多媒体设备和存储介质
CN114221886A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-22 杭州米络星科技(集团)有限公司 一种数据传输方法、装置、流媒体服务器及发送客户端
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