WO2019154080A1 - 一种天线装置及终端 - Google Patents

一种天线装置及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019154080A1
WO2019154080A1 PCT/CN2019/072770 CN2019072770W WO2019154080A1 WO 2019154080 A1 WO2019154080 A1 WO 2019154080A1 CN 2019072770 W CN2019072770 W CN 2019072770W WO 2019154080 A1 WO2019154080 A1 WO 2019154080A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
layer
main board
antenna device
disposed
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/072770
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘洋
舒超凡
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019154080A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019154080A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components

Definitions

  • the application relates to, but is not limited to, wireless communication technologies, such as an antenna device and a terminal.
  • the circuits inside the wireless terminals become more complicated, and the space reserved for the antennas in the design of the wireless terminals is less and less, but the functional requirements on the antennas are more and more The more you come.
  • the high integration of the circuit can meet the needs of miniaturization of wireless devices, but the size of the antenna often becomes the "bottleneck" for the reduction of the size of the wireless terminal.
  • the antenna not only directly affects the transceiver performance of the wireless terminal, but also affects the overall size and appearance of the wireless terminal. Therefore, the design can meet the structural requirements, customer requirements, and meet the antenna performance requirements.
  • the antenna has become a difficult problem in the industry.
  • a wireless terminal includes multiple antennas, and multiple antennas are simultaneously used for receiving and transmitting at the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the antenna system of the terminal will inevitably cause mutual coupling between the plurality of antennas, resulting in a decrease in correlation between the antennas, thereby reducing communication capacity, and also reducing radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • the distance between the antennas is usually increased, and the limited space of the wireless terminal cannot meet this requirement, especially in the frequency band of about 700 MHz, the electrical distance between several antennas is usually only the wavelength. One tenth of a degree, this makes the degree of coupling even more dramatic.
  • the present application provides an antenna device and a terminal, which can improve the efficiency of a low frequency band in a small physical size.
  • the present application provides an antenna device including: an antenna 6, an antenna main board 4, an insulating layer 3, and a meandering layer 1, wherein the meandering layer 1 has a guiding groove 2; the stratospheric layer 1 is disposed on the antenna main board 4. Upper end of the stratosphere 1 is connected to the ground end of the antenna main board 4 through the connection end 5, and the remaining portion of the stratospheric layer 1 is insulated from the antenna main board 4 by the insulating layer 3.
  • the application further provides a terminal, comprising the antenna device according to any of the above.
  • FIG. 1(a) is a structural diagram of a monopole antenna in the related art
  • Figure 1 (b) is an equivalent diagram of a monopole antenna in the related art
  • FIG. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a current path of a monopole antenna motherboard in the related art
  • 2(b) is a schematic diagram showing a current path of a monopole antenna motherboard after using a meandering technique
  • Figure 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of Figure 2 (a) of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view showing the structure of a wireless terminal provided with the antenna device of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing the structure of a wireless terminal provided with the antenna device of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the music stream layer of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of the meander layer structure of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the meander layer structure of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the meander layer structure of the present application.
  • 1-track layer in the antenna device 2-flow channel; 3-insulation layer; 4-antenna board; 5-connection between the stratosphere and the antenna board; 6-antenna (main antenna); 7- Diversity antenna.
  • the size of the floor required for the antenna of a wireless terminal such as a mobile phone is relatively large, and the surface current distributed on the floor is also very strong. This results in a large overall antenna size and unstable antenna performance, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of mobile phones.
  • the design of a multi-frequency mobile phone antenna with compact structure, stable performance, and omnidirectional radiation characteristics similar to symmetric planes at high frequencies still has certain difficulties.
  • the monopole antenna has a wide operating bandwidth and good radiation characteristics, while the loop antenna has better robustness.
  • a monopole antenna and a loop antenna using a flat design are commonly used antenna types for mobile phones.
  • the basic resonant mode of the loop antenna is one wavelength. If it is to cover the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) 900 (ie, 877 MHz to 960 MHz), a relatively large antenna size is required. In addition, after the frequency is greater than 1800 MHz, it is difficult for the loop antenna to achieve omnidirectional radiation, and the antenna cannot effectively receive/transmit signals in all directions.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • Fig. 1(a) is a schematic structural view of a monopole antenna in the related art.
  • the monopole antenna is composed of a vibrator having a length h and an infinite floor. Since the influence of the floor can be replaced by the mirror image of the antenna, the monopole antenna shown in Fig. 1(a) can be equivalent to Fig. 1(b). This equivalent is only equivalent to the upper half of the floor. For a system with an infinite floor size, the lower half of the floor is not radiated.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the finite size causes the low frequency (698 MHz to 960 MHz) to be difficult to implement, and is also disadvantageous for the miniaturization design of the terminal product. Even in order to increase the performance of the antenna, it is necessary to increase the size of the whole machine.
  • the applicant proposed a design scheme of the unconventional antenna device.
  • the monopole antenna is taken as an example for analysis, according to the monopole antenna.
  • the design principle, the entire floor is actually equivalent to the other arm of the monopole antenna, the main circuit current path is shown in Figure 2 (a).
  • the flow cell cannot be opened on the main board. Therefore, the applicant proposes to create a current path by setting a meandering layer with a guide groove to increase the return path length of the antenna.
  • the meander layer is a conductive device, and may be specifically formed of copper skin, conductive cloth, or conductive paint spraying.
  • the guide groove is at least one slit on the meandering layer as long as the slit can function as a guide groove.
  • the antenna device provided by the present application includes: an antenna 6, an antenna main board 4, an insulating layer 3, and a meander layer 1, wherein the stratosphere 1 is disposed above the antenna main board 4, and the stratosphere 1 One end of the antenna board 4 is connected to the ground end of the antenna main board 4 through the connection end 5, and the rest of the stratosphere 1 is insulated from the antenna main board 4 through the insulating layer 3, and a certain gap is maintained for coupling; the meandering layer 1 has a flow guiding groove 2.
  • a shield cover is provided on the antenna main board 4.
  • the antenna device of the present application further includes a diversity antenna 7.
  • the connecting end 5 of the stratosphere 1 and the antenna main board 4 may be disposed at the opposite end of the antenna 6, that is, the connecting end 5 is disposed on the stratosphere 1 and opposite to the antenna 6, as shown in FIG.
  • the terminal 5 is shown.
  • connection end 5 of the stratosphere 1 and the antenna main board 4 may be disposed at a side position of the antenna 6.
  • the position at which the stratosphere 1 is connected to the antenna main board 4 is not limited to the above manner, and may be grounded in any one direction.
  • the manner in which the stratosphere 1 and the antenna main board 4 are grounded may be disposed on the shield of the antenna main board 4 or attached to the grounding position of the antenna main board 4.
  • the formation may be formed by direct welding or shrapnel crimping of the shield cover of the antenna main board 4.
  • the flow guiding groove 2 may be disposed at at least one of the top end of the stratospheric layer 1 (shown by the flow guiding groove 2 in FIG. 6) and the side surface.
  • the position and width of the guide groove are not fixed and can be changed according to the design and frequency requirements.
  • the number of the flow guiding grooves 2 is at least one. It can be determined according to the actual surface current distribution of the main board.
  • the slot position of the diversion slot can be determined according to the resonant performance of the antenna itself and the entire structure of the antenna main board. In specific use, it can be obtained through experimental repeated joint debugging.
  • the length of the guide channel used in the meandering surface ranges from 0 to 10 wavelengths or 0 to 50 wavelengths, and the width ranges from 0 to 10 wavelengths or 0 to 50 wavelengths, which may be performed according to actual needs. Fine tune.
  • the insulating layer 3 may be formed of an insulating material.
  • the embodiment of the present application lengthens the current path of the main board surface by adding a curved stream layer with a guiding groove, and the active frequency of the low frequency band (700-900 MHz) of the antenna is improved as the current distribution of the main board changes. This ensures that the low-band efficiency is improved in a small physical size, and is especially suitable for miniaturized wireless terminals with more and more functions.
  • the antenna device of the present application can be applied to small-sized terminal products such as wireless watches, wristbands, and trackers. It can also be applied to large-size terminals such as mobile phones, which are suitable for the 400MHz band.
  • curve 7 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the parameters of the antenna S11 of the present application.
  • the curve 1 indicates the parameter curve of the antenna S11 not using the antenna device of the present application
  • the curve 2 indicates the parameter curve of the antenna S11 after the antenna device of the present application is used.
  • curve 2 is deepened at the lowest point of the antenna resonance, and the resonance of the entire low frequency band is strengthened.
  • Second efficiency 700 11.10% 24.10% 720 11.90% 25.60% 740 15.5% 34.80% 760 26.20% 50.00% 780 29.40% 52.80% 800 25.00% 38.80% 820 34.00% 44.70%
  • the first efficiency in Table 1 is the low frequency efficiency of the antenna when the antenna implementation in the related art is used, and the second efficiency is the low frequency efficiency of the antenna when the antenna implementation of the antenna device of the present application is used. From the test results shown in Table 1, after using the antenna device of the present application, the low-frequency passive efficiency of the antenna is increased by about 10% to 15%.
  • the corresponding antenna active through the entire radiating sphere (Total Radiated Power (TRP) index test is shown in Table 2:
  • the TRP index of the three channels of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) B40 is used as an example.
  • the first transmit power is the TRP index value when the antenna implementation in the related art is used, and the second transmit power is adopted.
  • the TRP index value of the antenna implementation of the antenna device of the present application is as shown in Table 2.
  • the TRP indexes of the three channels of the LTE B40 are each improved by about 1 dB.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a meander layer structure of the present application.
  • an insulating layer 3 is disposed between the meander layer 2 and an antenna main board (not shown); three guiding channels 2 are respectively disposed at the top end of the stratospheric layer 1, And a side surface; the connecting end 5 of the stratosphere 1 and the antenna main board with the main board shield is disposed at the opposite end of the antenna.
  • the antenna device of the music layer shown in the first embodiment the current flowing through the path lengthens further deepens the resonance of the antenna at the low frequency point, thereby improving the overall low frequency efficiency.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the meander layer structure of the present application.
  • an insulating layer 3 is disposed between the stratosphere 2 and an antenna main board (not shown); in the second embodiment, the music layer 1 and the ground of the antenna main board are required according to the layout of the whole machine.
  • the connected connecting end 5 is disposed at the side position of the main antenna; meanwhile, the guiding groove 2 is respectively disposed at the top end and the bottom end of the meandering layer 1, forming a double guiding trough structure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the meander layer structure of the present application.
  • an insulating layer 3 is disposed between the stratosphere 2 and an antenna main board (not shown); in the third embodiment, a composite diversion tank is implemented, as shown in FIG. The trough 2 is shown; the connection end 5 of the stratosphere 1 connected to the ground of the antenna main board is disposed at the side position of the main antenna.
  • the antenna device of the music stream layer shown in the third embodiment has a lower frequency band of the antenna, and can be used to expand the low frequency bandwidth of the antenna, and the bandwidth of the antenna is pulled from 689 MHz to about 600 MHz.
  • the application also provides a terminal comprising the antenna device of any of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the terminal of the present application may include, but is not limited to, a small-sized product such as a wireless watch, a wristband, and a tracker; the frequency ranges from 698 (megahertz) MHz to 960 MHz; or the terminal of the present application may also be a large size. Terminals such as mobile phones are suitable for the 400MHz band.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种天线装置及终端，该天线装置包括：天线、天线主板、绝缘层和曲流层；其中，曲流层设置在天线主板之上，曲流层的一端与天线主板的接地端通过连接端连接，曲流层的其余部分通过绝缘层与天线主板绝缘；曲流层上具有导流槽。

Description

一种天线装置及终端
本申请要求在2018年02月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810117498.8的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于无线通信技术，例如一种天线装置及终端。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的发展和各种通信标准的日益兴起，无线终端的功能变得越来越复杂，一般可以支持多个频段不同通信标准；同时，大多数用户趋向于购买体积小、便于携带的无线终端产品。
随着无线终端的功能变得越来越复杂，无线终端内部的电路变得更加复杂，而在无线终端设计时给天线预留的空间也越来越少，但是，对天线的功能要求却越来越多。电路的高度集成化可以满足无线设备小型化的需求，但是天线的体积往往成为无线终端缩减体积的“瓶颈”。
天线作为无线终端的重要组成部分，不仅直接影响到无线终端的收发性能，也影响着无线终端的整体尺寸和美观，因此设计一款既可以满足结构要求、客户要求，又可以满足天线性能指标要求的天线成为业界目前面临的难题。
通常，无线终端中会包含多个天线，在发射端和接收端同时使用多个天线进行接收和发射。相关技术中，终端的天线系统将不可避免地引起多个天线之间的相互耦合，导致天线之间的相关性减小，从而降低通信容量，而且也会降低天线的辐射效率。为了降低天线之间的耦合，通常会增大天线之间的距离，而无线终端有限的空间又不能满足这个要求，尤其是在700MHz左右的频段，几个天线之间的电气距离通常只有波长的十几分之一，这就更加剧了耦合程度。
目前，无线终端产品对整机尺寸有严格的要求，如何在保证较小的空间上实现多天线技术是目前一个技术难点。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的 保护范围。
本申请提供一种天线装置及终端，能够保证在较小物理尺寸下，提升低频段效率。
本申请提供了一种天线装置，包括：天线6、天线主板4、绝缘层3和曲流层1，其中，曲流层1上具有导流槽2；曲流层1设置在天线主板4之上，曲流层1的一端与天线主板4的接地端通过连接端5连接，曲流层1的其余部分通过绝缘层3与天线主板4绝缘。
本申请还提供一种终端，包括上述任一项所述的天线装置。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案，并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1(a)为相关技术中单极子天线的结构图；
图1(b)为相关技术中单极子天线的等效图；
图2(a)为相关技术中单极子天线主板电流路径示意图；
图2(b)为本申请采用曲流技术后单极子天线主板电流路径示意图；
图3为本申请图2(a)的等效电路图；
图4为设置有本申请天线装置的无线终端整机结构主视图；
图5为设置有本申请天线装置的无线终端整机结构侧视图；
图6为本申请曲流层结构示意图；
图7为本申请天线S11参数对比示意图；
图8为本申请曲流层结构第一实施例的示意图；
图9为本申请曲流层结构第二实施例的示意图；
图10为本申请曲流层结构第三实施例的示意图。
1-天线装置中的曲流层；2-导流槽；3-绝缘层；4-天线主板；5-曲流层与天线主板之间的连接端；6-天线(主天线)；7-分集天线。
具体实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
通常，无线终端如手机的天线所需要的地板尺寸都比较大，分布在地板上的表面电流也非常强。这就造成天线的总体尺寸大，天线性能不稳定，不利于手机的小型化发展。结构紧凑、性能稳定、在高频仍具有与对称阵子相似的全向辐射特性的多频手机天线的设计仍旧具有一定的难度。
单极子(Monople)天线具有工作带宽宽和良好的辐射特性，而环形天线具有较好的鲁棒特性。采用平面设计的单极子天线和环形天线是手机常用的天线类型。环形天线的基本谐振模式为一个波长，如果要覆盖全球移动通信系统(Global System for Mobile Communication，GSM)900(即877MHz～960MHz)，需要比较大的天线尺寸。此外，在频率大于1800MHz后，环形天线难以实现全向辐射，天线不能有效地接收/发射各个方向的信号。
图1(a)为相关技术中单极子天线的结构示意图。如图1(a)所示，单极子天线由长为h的振子和无限大地板组成。因为地板的影响可以用天线的镜像来代替，故可以用图1(b)来等效图1(a)所示的单极子天线。这种等效作用仅仅是对地板上半空间的等效，对于一个地板尺寸无限大的系统而言，地板下半空间是没有辐射的。
为了减小天线与天线之间的相互干扰，通常会在天线净空和布局上做出牺牲。但是，这种方法带来的弊端是：有限尺寸导致低频(698MHz～960MHz)难以实现，也不利于终端产品的小型化设计。甚至为了增加天线的性能不得不加大整机尺寸。
为了提升天线的低频效率，同时保证天线所在无线中断的较小物理尺寸，申请人提出了一种非常规天线装置的设计方案，这里任以单极子天线为例进行分析，根据单极子天线的设计原理，整个地板实际上相当于单极子天线的另外一条臂，其主板电流路径如图2(a)所示。
申请人认为，如果采用曲流技术在主板上进行开槽(也称为导流槽)以产生缝隙，如图2(b)所示，主板上的表面电流绕过缝隙流动，导致电流流经的路径发生了变化，主板表面电流的分布发生了改变。相应地，等效电路模型如图3所示，其中Lp、C分别表示主板本身的电流分布产生的等效回路，Ls表示采用曲流技术后电流绕过缝隙流动产生的附加电感。可以看出，采用曲流技术后， 主板表面电流路径加长了，而随着这种主板电流分布的改善，弥补了由于造型和尺寸的原因造成的不足，进而改善了天线的低频段(700-900MHz)有源效率。
但是，实际运用中，在主板上无法开导流槽，因此，申请人提出通过设置带有导流槽的曲流层，再造一条电流路径，以便增加天线的回流路径长度。其中，曲流层是导电装置，可以具体是铜皮、或导电布、或导电漆喷涂等形成。导流槽是曲流层上的至少一个缝隙，只要能使得缝隙起到导流槽的作用即可。
图4为设置有本申请天线装置的无线终端整机结构主视图。图5为设置有本申请天线装置的无线终端整机结构侧视图。结合图4和图5，本申请提供的天线装置包括：天线6、天线主板4、绝缘层3和曲流层1，其中，曲流层1，设置在天线主板4之上，曲流层1的一端与天线主板4的接地端通过连接端5连接，曲流层1的其余部分通过绝缘层3与天线主板4绝缘，保持一定的空隙进行耦合；曲流层1上具有导流槽2。
通常，在天线主板4上带有屏蔽罩。
在一实施例中，本申请天线装置还包括有分集天线7。
在一实施例中，曲流层1与天线主板4的连接端5可以设置在天线6的相对端，即连接端5设置曲流层1上且与天线6相对的一端，如图6中的连接端5所示。
在一实施例中，曲流层1与天线主板4的连接端5可以设置在天线6的侧面位置。
值得说明的是，曲流层1与天线主板4连接的位置并不限于上述方式，可以在任意一个方向上，只要接地即可。
在一实施例中，曲流层1与天线主板4连接接地的方式，即连接端5可以是通过将曲流层1设置在天线主板4的屏蔽罩上或者贴在天线主板4的接地位置而形成，也可以是通过天线主板4的屏蔽罩直接焊接或者弹片式压接而形成。
在一实施例中，导流槽2可以设置在曲流层1的顶端(如图6中的导流槽2所示)和侧面中的至少一处。导流槽的位置以及宽度不固定，可以根据设计以及频段需要进行更改。
在一实施例中，导流槽2的个数为至少一个。可以根据实际主板表面电流分布情况确定。
值得说明的是，导流槽的开槽位置可以根据天线自身的谐振性能以及天线 主板的整个结构来确定的，具体使用时，可以通过实验反复的联调尝试得到。
在一实施例中，曲流表面采用的导流槽的长度范围是0～10个波长或0-50个波长，宽度范围是0～10个波长或0-50个波长，可以根据实际需要进行微调。
在一实施例中，绝缘层3可以通过绝缘材料形成。
本申请实施例通过新增的具有导流槽的曲流层，加长了主板表面电流路径，而随着这种主板电流分布的改变，改善了天线的低频段(700-900MHz)有源效率，从而保证了在较小物理尺寸下，提升了低频段效率，尤其适用于功能越来越多的小型化无线终端。
本申请天线装置可以应用于无线手表、手环、追踪器等小型尺寸终端产品。也可以应用于大尺寸终端如手机，适用于400MHz频段需求。
图7为本申请天线S11参数对比示意图，如图7所示，曲线1表示未采用本申请天线装置的天线S11参数曲线，曲线2表示采用本申请天线装置后的天线S11参数曲线.。曲线2与曲线1相比，在天线谐振的最低点加深了，整个低频段的谐振都得到加强。
以一款无线追踪器产品为例，如图4和图5所示，假设需要设计一款超级小的终端，整机尺寸30×60mm，电池和天线净空去掉25mm的空间，实际上主板的地长度只有35mm左右，要求天线带有低频700MHz～960MHz。如果采用相关技术中的天线实现方式，那么，低频效率基本只有10％左右。
经过实验室测试，如果采用本申请提供的天线结构，那么，与原始状态天线低频效率对比如表1所示：
频段(MHz) 第一效率 第二效率
700 11.10％ 24.10％
720 11.90％ 25.60％
740 15.5％ 34.80％
760 26.20％ 50.00％
780 29.40％ 52.80％
800 25.00％ 38.80％
820 34.00％ 44.70％
840 37.00％ 46.10％
860 26.30％ 31.80％
880 15.30％ 19.10％
表1
表1中的第一效率为采用相关技术中的天线实现方式时天线的低频效率，第二效率为采用本申请天线装置的天线实现方式时天线的低频效率。从表1所示的测试结果来看，采用本申请天线装置后，天线的低频无源效率产生了10％～15％左右的提升。对应的天线有源通过整个辐射球面的发射功率(Total Radiated Power，TRP)指标测试如表2所示：
Figure PCTCN2019072770-appb-000001
表2
表2中以长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)B40三个信道的TRP指标为例，其中，第一发射功率为采用相关技术中的天线实现方式时的TRP指标值，第二发射功率为采用本申请天线装置的天线实现方式时的TRP指标值，如表2所示，LTE B40三个信道的TRP指标均分别提升了约1dB左右。
图8为本申请曲流层结构第一实施例的示意图。如图8所示，第一实施例中，曲流层2与天线主板(图中未示出)之间设置有绝缘层3；三个导流槽2分别设置在曲流层1的顶端，以及侧面；曲流层1与带有主板屏蔽罩的天线主板的连接端5设置在天线的相对端。采用第一实施例所示曲流层的天线装置，电流流经路径加长，进一步加深了天线在低频点的谐振，从而提升了整个低频效率。
图9为本申请曲流层结构第二实施例的示意图。如图9所示，曲流层2与天线主板(图中未示出)之间设置有绝缘层3；第二实施例中，根据整机布局的需要，曲流层1与天线主板的地连接的连接端5设置在了主天线的侧面位置； 同时，在曲流层1的顶端和底端分别设置有导流槽2，形成双导流槽结构。
图10为本申请曲流层结构第三实施例的示意图。如图10所示，曲流层2与天线主板(图中未示出)之间设置有绝缘层3；第三实施例中，采用复合式导流槽实现方式，如图10中多个导流槽2所示；曲流层1与天线主板的地连接的连接端5设置在了主天线的侧面位置。采用第三实施例所示曲流层的天线装置，将天线的频段做到了更低，可以用于拓展天线的低频带宽，将天线的带宽从689MHz拉到600MHz左右。
本申请还提供了一种终端，包括本申请所述任一项的天线装置。
在一实施例中，本申请终端可以包括但不限于：无线手表、手环、追踪器等小型尺寸产品；频率范围在698(兆赫兹)MHz～960MHz；或者，本申请终端也可以是大尺寸终端如手机，且适用于400MHz频段需求。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线装置，包括：天线(6)、天线主板(4)、绝缘层(3)和曲流层(1)，其中，
    所述曲流层(1)上具有导流槽(2)；
    所述曲流层(1)设置在所述天线主板(4)之上，所述曲流层(1)的一端与所述天线主板(4)的接地端通过连接端(5)连接，所述曲流层(1)的其余部分通过所述绝缘层(3)与所述天线主板(4)绝缘。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其中，所述连接端(5)的设置方式包括以下之一：
    所述连接端(5)设置在所述曲流层(1)上，且设置在与所述天线(6)相对的一端；
    所述连接端(5)设置在所述天线(6)的侧面位置；
    所述连接端(5)设置在所述曲流层(1)上的任意位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其中，所述天线主板(4)上包括屏蔽罩。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线装置，其中，所述连接端(5)通过以下之一的方式形成：
    将所述曲流层(1)设置在所述屏蔽罩上，或者将所述曲流层(1)设置在所述天线主板(4)的接地位置；
    所述曲流层(1)与所述屏蔽罩直接焊接或者通过弹片压接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其中，所述导流槽(2)的个数为至少一个。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其中，所述导流槽(2)设置在所述曲流层(1)的顶端和侧面中的至少一处。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一项所述的天线装置，其中，所述天线(6)为主天线；
    所述天线装置还包括：分集天线(7)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线装置，其中，所述导流槽(2)是所述曲流层(1)上的至少一个缝隙；
    所述导流槽(2)的长度范围是0-10个波长或者0-50个波长，所述导流槽(2)的宽度范围是0～10个波长或0-50个波长。
  9. 一种终端，包括权利要求1～8任一项所述的天线装置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的终端，所述终端包括：无线手表、手环、追踪器，或手机。
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