WO2019153862A1 - Intelligent device for implementing thermal expansion principle-based separation between walnut kernels and red coats by means of heat radiation during belt transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

An intelligent device for implementing thermal expansion principle-based separation between walnut kernels and red coats by means of heat radiation during belt transportation, comprising: a continuous material feeding mechanism (III), which comprises a rotatable indented cylinder (III-02) provided with a plurality of discharging grooves in a circumferential direction, wherein a pin (III-04) is provided in each discharging groove, the pin (III-04) is connected to a spring (III-06), the spring (III-06) is provided facing the interior of the indented cylinder (III-02), the pin (III-04) is able to move along the discharging groove, and the bottom of a charging box (III-10) is hollow and is provided above or at the bottom of the indented cylinder (III-02) and is fixedly connected to the indented cylinder (III-02); a delivery mechanism (II), above a side of which the continuous material feeding mechanism (III) is provided; and an electromagnetic heating mechanism (I), comprising a support frame, the delivery mechanism (II) being provided in the support frame, and an electromagnetic coil (I-02) being provided outside the support frame in a circumferential direction.

Description

Thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveyor heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device Technical field

The invention relates to a short-time heating and red-coating system of walnut kernels, in particular to a belt-transporting heat-radiating walnut kernel and red-sewing intelligent device for the principle of thermal expansion and contraction.

Background technique

With the rapid development of society, people's living standards are constantly improving, and the people's demand for healthy edible oil is growing. As a result, many oil companies have begun to produce walnut oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids. However, the red seed coat of walnut kernels, commonly known as the red coat, has a great influence on the quality of walnut oil. In order to extract high quality walnut oil, it is necessary to remove the red coat on the surface of the walnut. At present, most walnut oil preparation companies use hot alkali soaking or boiling water to cook this way. However, hot alkali soaking and boiling water boiling will have a certain impact on the quality of walnut kernels, and the subsequent processing techniques are complicated, which will be described in detail below. Therefore, under the premise of not damaging the quality of walnut kernels, physical methods can be used to remove walnut kernel red, which can effectively improve production efficiency and adapt to market demand. At present, there is no smart device on the market that uses physical methods to remove walnuts and red clothes. Therefore, we have borrowed other methods to heat the seed coat and improved it, and developed a continuous feeding electromagnetic heating walnut kernel. Red smart device.

After searching, Zhao Xizhou invented the lye immersion method (patent number: CN204707949U) to remove the walnut red dressing by lye soaking. The lye immersion method mainly refers to a method of concentrating the walnut kernels with a certain concentration of diluted lye at a certain temperature to dissolve the pectin of the seed coat and the walnut kernel, thereby realizing the removal of the red chemistry. method. Although this method is highly efficient, it has the following disadvantages: First, the red coat is rinsed with clean water to prevent lye residue, which complicates the subsequent processing; secondly, the lye itself dissolves in the walnut kernel. Oil, protein, etc., which will reduce the quality of walnut kernels; again, too high or too low temperature will reduce the removal rate of red clothes, lye temperature is difficult to achieve automatic control; finally, if the washing process is not well controlled, there will be alkali Liquid residue has an impact on oil quality and human health. Therefore, such a peeling method has a large defect, and it is impossible to produce high-quality walnut kernels with high efficiency.

After searching, Yang Weiming invented a heating roller device for baking toon (patent number: 201420222962.7). The heating roller device includes a main shaft, a support frame, a single-sided open circular cylinder, a heating resistance wire, a furnace door, and the like. The main shaft is driven by the motor, the circular cylinder is fixedly connected with the main shaft, the main shaft and the circular cylinder axis coincide with each other, and the support frame is located between the main shaft and the circular cylinder, and functions as a supporting cylinder, and the outer wall of the cylinder has a circular wave pattern. The heating resistance wire is evenly wound around the outer wall of the cylinder, and the furnace door is installed at the opening of the cylinder, and the furnace door is fed from here, and the furnace door is closed when heated. The heating device is relatively simple and can realize uniform heating of materials, but also has many disadvantages: firstly, since there is no heat insulating device outside the electric resistance wire, the heat loss is excessively large; secondly, the main shaft is relatively long, and if the material is too much, the main shaft is The stiffness requirements are high; finally, the device has no continuity and is inefficient. Therefore, such a device is also not suitable for use.

After searching, Chen Zhang invented a heating roller device for frying pepper (Patent No.: 201620051206.1), and its working process can be roughly divided into three processes of feeding, stir frying, separating impurities and discharging. The general mechanism includes a feed port, a discharge port, an impurity discharge port, a separation fan, and a heating roller with internal threads. Wherein the feed is forwarded by a spiral in the heating drum, so that the spiral thrust generated in the cylinder rotates the material into the drum together. The same principle, when discharging, the heating roller is reversed, and the internal thread rotates the material out. For the stir-fry and separation of the material, the device is realized by the internal thread and the separating fan. The internal thread can stir and raise the material. At the same time, the pressure gas generated by the separation fan blows away the impurities in the material. Some tiny impurities can be separated through the small holes in the wall of the tube, and some particles are separated. Large impurities can be discharged and collected through the impurity discharge port under the screw rotation. At the same time, the steam generated by the pepper when it is stir-fried can be discharged through the air holes in the drum. Although the device has an insulating layer added to the outer layer to improve the heat utilization rate, since the inlet and outlet ports and the impurity discharge port are in communication with the outside, the heat insulating effect of the device is largely reduced. The internal thread type drum used in the device will accumulate material in the material of the material when the material is stir-fried. If the object of the stir-frying is a walnut with soft texture, this will not only crush the nucleolus, but also make The nucleolus is heated unevenly and reduces its efficiency in red dressing. Therefore the device cannot be used directly for the heating of walnut kernels.

After searching, the blanching method is also a common method of removing walnuts from red. The principle of the blanching method is actually very simple, mainly by changing the water content of the walnut kernel and the red coat by boiling water soaking or tanning, so that the walnut kernel and the red coat are easier to separate and peel off. However, this method also faces the same problem as lye soaking. In order to ensure the efficiency of walnut kernels to red, it is necessary to increase the time of boiling water soaking and tanning, but as time increases, it will make walnuts The water content also increases, and high temperatures can also denature some proteins in the nucleolus, thereby changing the composition and quality of the nucleolus. According to the experimental data analysis, while ensuring the efficiency of walnut kernels to red, the optimal boiling water soaking and tanning time are 6 min and 5 min, respectively. However, even at the optimal soaking time and soaking temperature, the method still reduces the processability of the nucleolus by changing the water content of the nucleolus. Moreover, the redemption efficiency of this method is not very high. For the case of gully like walnut kernel, manual manual cleaning is still needed in the later stage, which will greatly reduce the peeling efficiency of the nucleolus and The degree of automation of the equipment. Similarly, the high temperature of boiling water will change the quality of the protein in the nucleolus, and the result of increasing the water content will also make the texture of the walnut kernel softer, so that the probability of damage to the walnut kernel during secondary processing is greatly increased, which limits the processing of the walnut kernel. The scope is not conducive to the deep processing of walnut kernels and the guarantee of nucleolus quality.

In summary, the alkaline liquid in the lye immersion method dissolves some of the protein and oil in the walnut kernel, and the quality of the nucleolus is reduced, and the residual amount thereof also causes certain harm to the human body, and the treated nucleus is greatly reduced. Ren's food safety factor. The high temperature in the immersion method will destroy some proteins in the nucleolus. At the same time, the immersion method will increase the water content in the nucleolus, which will greatly affect the secondary processing of the nucleolus and reduce the quality of the nucleolus. The above-mentioned stir-fried heating device of roasted citron and fried pepper also has uneven heating and stir-fry of materials, low efficiency of stir-frying, complicated and time-consuming time for feeding and discharging of the stir-fry device, poor separation effect of materials and impurities, and secondary occurrence of materials due to accumulation. Destroy and other issues. For the soft walnut kernel, if you simply process it according to the existing principle of the nut-heating stir-fry device, it will undoubtedly cause irreparable damage to the quality of the walnut kernel. Therefore, the above-mentioned stir fry is directly applied. Heating devices are not feasible.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device, the device separates the radiant heating mechanism from the red clothing peeling mechanism, first, we utilize The thermal expansion coefficient of walnut kernel and red garment is different, and the red clothing and the walnut kernel are initially separated by electromagnetic heating. The invention overcomes the problems that the walnut kernel is easy to be damaged, the walnut kernel is heated unevenly, and the red dressing efficiency is low.

The specific scheme of the thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device is as follows:

The principle of thermal expansion and contraction is the belt conveying heat radiation walnut nut and red clothing separation intelligent device, including:

The electromagnetic heating mechanism comprises a support frame, and the conveying mechanism is arranged in the support frame, and an electromagnetic coil is arranged in a ring direction outside the support frame;

The transport mechanism is disposed through the support frame to feed the walnut kernel into the support frame and convey the electromagnetic heating mechanism.

Further, a feeding mechanism is further provided on one side of the conveying mechanism.

Further, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding plate arranged obliquely, and a rotating shaft with a feeding groove is arranged in the middle of the feeding plate, and the rotating shaft is connected with the sheave member provided on the side of the feeding plate, and the lower half of the feeding plate a plurality of distribution plates are arranged in the segment;

Alternatively, the material distribution plate is disposed along the length direction of the feeding plate, and the longitudinal section of the material distribution plate is a herringbone structure; the rotation axis is disposed in the width direction of the feeding plate.

In another embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic heating mechanism can be replaced with a resistive heating mechanism, or other heating mechanism.

The longitudinal section of the support frame is annular, and the two sides of the support frame are respectively supported by the support plate, the radiation inner liner is disposed in the support frame, and the heat insulation layer is disposed between the radiation inner tank and the electromagnetic coil; In order to maintain the temperature of the inner tank, the electromagnetic coil can be protected from the radiation source; the electromagnetic coil itself does not generate heat, which greatly improves the service life of the coil and ensures the stability and accuracy of the heating power.

Further, an insulating housing is disposed outside the electromagnetic coil.

Further, a temperature sensor is disposed in the radiation inner tank, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller, and the controller and the electromagnetic coil control switch and the transmission mechanism are separately connected; the temperature sensor can monitor the heating temperature in real time, thereby adjusting the transmission speed of the transmission mechanism. To control the heating time, the ratio of the speed of the transmission mechanism to the heating temperature of the electromagnetic heating mechanism can be controlled to achieve uniformity of the nucleolus heating.

Alternatively, the longitudinal section of the radiation bladder is arranged in a rectangular ring to facilitate the passage of the transport mechanism.

Further, the conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt. In order to prevent the alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil from causing the conveyor belt to become a new radiation source, the walnut kernel is heated too close to the surface of the crawler belt, and the conveyor belt is made of a high temperature resistant material with poor magnetic permeability. (such as zirconia ceramics, stainless steel, molybdenum, titanium, etc.), using a mesh structure, so that it is placed in a magnetic field, the conveyor belt does not directly heat due to electromagnetic induction, and the conveyor belt passes through the conveying rollers provided on the upper support frame and the lower support frame. Supporting, the conveying roller is rotated by the belt conveying member, and the upper support frame and the lower support frame are supported by a plurality of connecting rods, and the supporting frame is disposed around the upper supporting frame.

Further, the feeding mechanism comprises a rotatable socket roller, a plurality of blanking slots are opened in the ring direction, and a pin is arranged in each of the blanking troughs, and a pushing unit piece which is in contact with the pin is arranged in the socket of the eye The pushing unit member can push the pin to reciprocate along the blanking groove, that is, in the radial direction of the socket roller.

Further, the pushing unit member includes an adjusting rotating shaft disposed coaxially with the socket roller in the socket of the eye, adjusting the rotating shaft to set the eccentric sleeve, and positioning the sleeve with the slider at the periphery of the adjusting shaft; In contact with the eccentric sleeve, in the normal state, the slider can be in contact with the spring, the spring is connected with the pin, the socket roller rotates, the pin and the spring are rotated around the positioning sleeve, and the spring and the slider are rotated when the pin rotates by a set angle. In contact, the slider pushes out the spring-loaded pin to push out the material in the blanking tank;

Alternatively, a feeding box is arranged on the top of the socket roller, the bottom of the feeding box is hollow, and the bottom is arranged above or at the bottom of the socket roller and is fixed to the socket of the socket.

The red-washing device can realize uniform discharge through the uniform rotation of the socket roller, thereby further achieving uniform feeding of the material to the conveying mechanism. The position of the slider can be changed by adjusting the rotation of the eccentric sleeve of the rotating shaft to adjust the variable volume of the blanking tank to adjust the amount of material throwing each time, thereby adjusting the feed rate of the material. The speed of the feed amount of the material can also be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the socket roller; the alternating magnetic field is used to generate the alternating magnetic field, so that the radiation inner tank generates heat under the action of the alternating magnetic field to become a heat radiation source, thereby transmitting the mechanism. The nucleolus is radiantly heated; the controllability of the heating temperature and the uniformity of heating of the nucleolus to the transport mechanism are achieved.

In addition, the walnuts after electromagnetic heating have been basically separated from their red clothes, laying the foundation for the next step of separation. The principle of thermal expansion and contraction is the transmission of heat radiation. The intelligent device of walnut kernel and red clothing is different. The thermal expansion coefficient of walnut kernel and red clothing is different. The heating device is used to heat the walnut kernel in a certain temperature range to realize the separation of walnut kernel and red garment. Among them, the heating mechanism can use a variety of heating methods, such as the device shown in the present device, on the basis of changing part of the mechanism, can also use a variety of heating methods such as resistance heating.

The invention provides a continuous feeding mechanism, which can realize continuous feeding of materials, and ensures uniformity, and can realize the adjustment of the material.

A continuous feeding mechanism comprising:

The rotatable socket roller has a plurality of blanking slots in the ring direction, and each of the blanking slots is provided with a pin, the pin is connected with the spring, the spring is arranged toward the inside of the socket roller, and the pin can be along the blanking slot motion;

Feeding box, the bottom is hollow, and the bottom is arranged above or at the bottom of the socket roller and is fixed to the eye roller;

Positioning the sleeve, set in the socket roller, and set the slider;

Adjusting the rotating shaft, and setting the eccentric sleeve in the ring direction, is disposed in the positioning sleeve, and the slider is in contact with the eccentric sleeve. In the normal state, the slider can be in contact with the spring, the socket roller rotates, and the pin and the spring rotate around the positioning sleeve. When the pin rotates at a set angle and the spring comes into contact with the slider, the slider pushes out the pin with the spring to push out the material in the blanking trough.

The arrangement of the above mechanism can realize uniform and dense transfer of the nucleolus to the transport mechanism, and the dense and uniform arrangement of the nucleolus in the heating transfer mechanism can achieve uniform heating of the nucleus by the heating device and improve the processing efficiency of the nucleus by the heating mechanism.

Further, when the slider is not in contact with the spring, the spring end can be disposed to abut against the positioning sleeve.

Further, the end of the spring that can contact the slider has a circular arc shape, and the blanking groove is uniformly disposed on the socket roller.

Further, the side of the socket roller is provided with a seed protection plate, and the seed plate is arranged in a circular arc to prevent debris from entering the dropping groove.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The invention has the advantages of uniform heating, good heat preservation effect, high degree of automation, high peeling efficiency and the like. During the heat treatment of the nucleolus, the water in the nucleolus can be released in time, thereby effectively reducing the water content of the nucleolus, which can effectively increase the flavor of the walnut kernel.

(2) The electromagnetic coil is evenly wound around the support frame, and electromagnetic heating is used to cause eddy currents on the radiation inner tank to become a radiation source. Compared with the resistance wire, the heating is more uniform, and the energy consumption is small, and it is not easy to be damaged. Moreover, the heating efficiency is high compared to the heating of the electric resistance wire, the heat is not easily lost, and the electromagnetic coil itself does not generate heat, thereby reducing the loss of the coil.

(3) The conveyor belt conveying mechanism can continuously and continuously transfer the nucleolus to the heating mechanism, thereby improving the production efficiency of the equipment and the automation degree of the device, and avoiding the intermittent stir-frying of the traditional nut stir-frying heating mechanism. A series of problems, the conveyor belt is made into an integrated mechanism through the external support plate and the electromagnetic heating mechanism, which ensures the stability of the conveyor belt when entering and leaving the heating mechanism and the uniformity of heating of the core when passing through the heating device.

(4) Through the setting of the temperature sensor, the radiation inner tank, the heated air in contact with the nucleolus and the temperature of the surface of the conveyor belt can be monitored in real time, and then the temperature is fed back to the external circuit system to adjust the transmission speed of the conveyor belt to ensure the walnut kernel A reasonable time at a suitable temperature condition increases the intelligence of the overall system.

(5) The conveyor belt itself uses stainless steel with poor magnetic permeability, which effectively reduces the heating problem of the transmission track in the alternating magnetic field and reduces the influence of other heat sources on the uniform heating of the nucleolus.

(7) The structure of the eye roller can uniformly and stably throw the material on the conveyor belt. The adjustable eye roller structure can also adjust the speed of the material discharge amount, which is convenient for the uniform heating of the subsequent materials.

DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in the claims of the claims

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent device for conveying thermal radiation of walnut kernel and red clothing by the principle of thermal expansion and contraction; (the overall axonometric view of the device)

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the intelligent device for separating the heat radiation of walnut kernel and red clothing by the principle of thermal expansion and contraction;

Figure 3 (a) is a left side view of the electromagnetic heating square tube;

Figure 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic heating square tube;

Figure 4 (a) is a perspective view of the transmission;

Figure 4 (b) is a left side view of the transmission;

Figure 4 (c) is a top view of the transmission;

Figure 5 (a) is a left side view of the continuous feeding mechanism;

Figure 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the continuous feeding mechanism;

Figure 5 (c) Axle diagram of the continuous feeding mechanism;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the grooved wheel;

Among them: I-01-insulation housing, I-02- electromagnetic coil, I-03-insulation layer, I-04-right end cover, I-05-washer, I-06-bolt, I-07-radiation liner , I-08-support plate 1, I-09- left end cover, I-10- support plate 2, I-11-temperature sensor

II-01-Stepper motor, II-02- key 1, II-03-key 2, II-04-key 3, II-05-key 4, II-06-drive belt 1, II-07-drive belt 2, II-08-pulley 1, II-09- pulley 2, II-10- pulley 3, II-11-pulley 4, II-12-transport shaft 1, II-13-transport shaft 2, II-14- Support shaft 1, II-15-support shaft 2, II-16-support shaft 3, II-17-transmission bearing, II-18-support bearing, II-19-feed belt, II-20-support angle steel, II -21-Support I-beam.

III-01-protective plate, III-02- socket roller, III-03-slider, III-04-pin, III-05-positioning bushing, III-06-spring, III-07-eccentric sleeve , III-08-Adjustment shaft, III-09- key, III-10-feed box, III-11-feeding plate, III-12-rotating plate, III-13-separating plate, III-14-groove Wheel, III-15-groove wheel core.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide a further description of the application. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise indicated.

It is to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular " " " " " " There are features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

As described in the background art, there are deficiencies in the prior art, and in order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes.

In a typical embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, the thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device includes electromagnetic heating mechanism I, conveying mechanism II and continuous feeding mechanism III (abbreviation The spreading mechanism is composed of three parts.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the intelligent device for transporting heat radiation walnut kernels and red clothes by the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, and the components are shown in the map.

As shown in Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b), the left end cover I-09 and the right end cover I-04 are fixed at both ends of the support frame by bolts I-06 and washers I-05, which have a certain heat preservation effect. The outer casing of the support frame is provided with an insulated casing I-01, and the left end cover I-09 and the right end cover I-04 have rectangular openings for material transportation. The radiation inner liner I-07 is rectangular and is sleeved in the cylindrical thermal insulation layer I-03, and the electromagnetic coil I-02 is wound around the thermal insulation layer I-03. A temperature sensor I-11 is arranged inside the radiation inner tank to facilitate monitoring the temperature inside the heating device. The support plate 1I-08 and the support plate 2I-10 support the heating mechanism to function as a fixing and supporting.

The walnut kernel is heated by heat radiation. Firstly, the principle of electromagnetic induction is used to generate eddy current on the radiation inner tank, and then the temperature of the walnut kernel is raised by the radiation heat exchange process between the inner liner and the walnut kernel. Since the heat radiation occurs on the surface of the object, the temperature rise of the walnut kernel is not significant when the temperature rise of the red dress is more obvious.

Assuming that the temperature of the inner tank is the same everywhere, the red material on the surface of the inner and the walnut can be regarded as gray body. The number of each side of the liner is 1, 2, 3, 4, and the material number is 5, then

Using the expression of effective radiation, J ₅ F ₅ =F ₅ E _b5 -(-1)Q ₅ (3)

J ₁ F ₁ +J ₂ F ₂ +J ₃ F ₃ +J ₄ F ₄ =F ₁ E _b1 +F ₂ E _b2 +F ₃ E _b3 +F ₄ E _b4 -(-1)Q (4)

Because Q ₅ =-Q

So can be derived

also because

Substituting the above formula

Since 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the same material, E _b1 = E _b2 = E _b3 = E _b4

also because

and so

Because the material of the material surface is not gray, it should be multiplied by a correction factor K.

The heat flow is multiplied by the time t, which is the heat transferred during the t time.

Temperature rise per unit mass t time

The temperature rise of a single walnut kernel T ₀ = T × m ₀ (9)

The average volumetric expansion coefficient is

The coefficient of linear expansion of walnut kernels and red clothes is different. When the unit heating heat is the same, the expansion volume of the two will be different. At this time, the red color of the walnut kernel and the surface adhesion will be separated.

The effective heating length of the conveyor belt is a, the width is b, the heating rate is v, and the mass of the walnut kernel per unit area is m, then the heating efficiency of the walnut kernel is

In the above formulas: c—material specific heat capacity, J/(kg·K); G—projection radiation force, W/m ² ; F—area, m ² ; φ—angular coefficient, %; J—effective radiation force, W /m ² ;Q—heat flux, W; ε1—material emissivity, %; ε2—bottle wall emissivity, %; E—radiation force, W/m ² ; t—time, S; H—heat, J; T—temperature, °C; m ₀ —single walnut kernel mass, Kg; β—average volume expansion coefficient; α—walnut heating efficiency, particles/second; v—heating rate, m/s.

The alternating current electromotive force used in the heating device is e ₁ =n ₁ BSωsinωt (12)

Then the induced electromotive force on the electromagnetic coil is e2=n2BSωcosωt (13)

The induced electromotive force generated by the eddy current is e ₃ =e ₁

So, the size of the eddy current

So the power of the eddy current is

Calorific value

Temperature rise in t time T=Q/c (17)

In the above formulas: c—the specific heat capacity of the inner wall of the bladder, J/(kg·K); e—electromotive force, V; n ₁ — number of turns of the generator coil; n ₂ — number of turns of the electromagnetic coil; B—magnetic induction intensity, T ; S - area; ω - AC angular frequency; I - eddy current intensity, A; P - eddy current power, W; Q - heat, J; R - inner wall resistance, Ω; t - time, S.

Electromagnetic heating technology (EH) generates an alternating magnetic field through the electromagnetic coil I-02 wound on the thermal insulation layer I-03. At this time, the radiation inner liner I-07 is equivalent to being wrapped by the electromagnetic coil. The surface of the gallbladder wall can be regarded as cutting alternating magnetic lines of force to generate alternating current (ie, eddy current). The eddy current causes the metal atoms on the surface of the inner wall to move at high speed and irregularly. The atoms collide with each other and friction to generate heat energy, thereby heating the material. effect. The winding electromagnetic coil I-02 is characterized in that it can uniformly radiate the material in the inner wall of the inner wall 360° uniformly. The electromagnetic heating has high heat conversion efficiency and low loss with respect to the electric resistance heating, and is a heating method capable of achieving a conversion efficiency of 95%. Microwave heating electromagnetic heating will not damage the internal structure of the heated material, reduce the loss of nutrients, and will not produce radiation that causes harm to the human body. In addition, the electromagnetic heating realizes the electrical isolation between the heating element and the main circuit, and avoids the leakage phenomenon caused by the insulation damage, and the safety is greatly improved.

The size of the eddy current is related to the conductivity, magnetic permeability, and geometric size of the metal material. These eddy currents consume electrical energy, and in the induction heating device, the metal can be heated by eddy currents. The size of the eddy current is related to the resistivity ρ of the metal, the magnetic permeability μ, the thickness h, the distance δ between the metal and the coil, and the angular frequency ω of the excitation current. The calculation formula of eddy current is as follows

Where: J is the eddy current formed on the surface of the heating body by the alternating magnetic flux in the circle of radius r; σ is the conductivity of the metal of the heating body; Φ _m is the magnetic flux in the circle of radius r.

The heated body and the electromagnetic induction heating coil are combined together, and a gap of 2 to 4 mm is left in the middle. When the magnetic field lines pass through the inner wall of the inner wall of the magnetic field, the magnetic lines of force are cut to generate numerous small eddy currents, so that the inner wall of the inner wall is instantaneously heated. The theoretical depth of eddy current is δ.

Where ρ is the resistivity (10 ^-8 Ω·mm); f is the frequency (HT); μ is the magnetic permeability (4π×10 ^-7 T/A). In practical applications, the depth at which I(x) is reduced to 1/e of the surface eddy current intensity is "current penetration depth". It is calculated that the heat of 86.5 occurs in a thin layer with a depth of δ.

Consider a metal disk with a thickness h, a resistivity of ρ, and a radius a, placed in a magnetic field with magnetic induction B and alternating with time. In order to calculate the thermal power, the metal disk is divided into several along the current direction. A thin metal cylinder with a width of dr, a circumference of 2πr and a thickness of h, and the induced electromotive force of any thin cylinder is

Thin and simple resistor

Therefore, the instantaneous thermal power of the thin tube is

The instantaneous thermal power of the eddy current of the whole metal circular plate is

(twenty three)

Let B=B ₀ sinωt, then

The average thermal power of the eddy current in one cycle is

It can be seen from the above formula that if a large thermal power output is to be obtained, a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field must be selected to generate a large magnetic induction intensity, and the metal resistivity is small.

Through theoretical analysis and searching for data, an optimization scheme for the thickness of the radiation liner I-07 was determined. Assume

Q _{heat loss} = Q _dispersion + Q _storage (25)

Then there is

λ - the thermal conductivity of the material, kJ / (m · h · ° C)

Δt——the temperature difference between the radiation inner chamber and the room temperature, °C

s - the thickness of the radiation liner, m

F——radiation inner heat dissipation area, m ²

Ρ——the bulk density of the radiation inner material, kg/m ³

C——specific heat capacity of the radiation inner material, kJ/(kg·°C)

τ - heating time

when

then

4(a), (b), and (c) are respectively an isometric view of the conveyor, a left side view, and a top view. The transmission device mainly functions to convey materials, assist heating, and assist in heating to separate debris. The conveying device carries the animal material in a square barrel structure, and uses electromagnetic heating technology to heat the walnut kernel through the heat generated by the angle steel at both ends of the II-19-feeding belt. After the heating is completed, the thermal expansion of the walnut kernel and the red garment is completed. Different coefficients, the red coat on the surface of the walnut kernel has basically fallen off, and the root separation can be further carried out in the subsequent steps. A plurality of support shafts such as support shafts 3II-16 are fixed on the side of the conveying belt II-19 away from the material by angle steel, and are evenly arranged to ensure that the conveying belt II-19 is kept stable during the movement, so that the walnuts are smoothly passed through the heating device. Thereby achieving the purpose of uniform heating to a certain extent. The conveying shaft 1II-12, the conveying shaft 2II-13 is fixed at the upper and lower ends which are at an angle to the vertical direction and have a certain height difference, so that the material after the heating is kept at a certain distance from the conveyor belt when the conveying is completed, increasing The movement space of walnut kernels and sundries is convenient for subsequent processes. The power outputted by the stepping motor II-01 is transmitted to the pulley 1II-08 through the key 1II-02, and the movement of the transmission belt 1II-06 is driven by the pulley 1II-08, and then the movement of the pulley 2II-09 is driven by the above-mentioned conveying belt, and then The power transmission pulley 3II-10, the pulley 3II-10 sequentially transmits the power to the key 2II-03, the key 3II-04, the key 3II-04 drives the rotation of the pulley 3II-10, thereby driving the movement of the transmission belt 2II-07, the transmission belt 2II-07 transmits the power to the pulley 4II-11 in turn, the key 4II-05, the key 4II-05 drives the rotation of the transmission shaft 2II-13, and the key 2II-03 drives the rotation of the transmission shaft 1II-12, thereby driving the conveying belt II The movement of -19, in turn, enables the transfer of materials. This embodiment consumes less energy and has high energy utilization efficiency. The conveying belt II-19 surrounds the support shaft 1II-14, the support shaft 2II-15, and the support shaft II-16. Through the conveying shaft 1, the movement of the conveying shaft 2 drives the movement of the conveying belt II-19, and the conveying belt is made of stainless steel. The material, the walnut kernel is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt after passing through the feeding device, the mesh is evenly distributed on the belt, and the stainless steel material does not produce heat during the electromagnetic heating process, thereby ensuring uniform heating of the walnut kernel and avoiding burns. The supporting angle steel II-20 is arranged in order on both ends of the conveying belt II-19, one is connected with the supporting shaft, plays the role of support and fixing device, and the second is evenly arranged at both ends of the conveyor belt, in the electromagnetic heating process Produces heat, heats the walnuts and heats the walnuts evenly. The support I-beam II-21 is mounted on the lower end of the conveyor belt by angle steel, and the periphery of the motor acts as a fixed support mechanism.

Assume that the effective heating length of the conveyor belt is a, the width is b, and the conveying speed is c.

5(a), (b), and (c) are respectively a left side view of the continuous feeding mechanism wheel, a cross-sectional view of the continuous feeding mechanism wheel, and a wheel drawing of the continuous feeding mechanism. The adjustable continuous feed mechanism wheel arrangement is an embodiment of a feed scheme that is placed at the feed end of the transfer belt II-19. The feeding box III-10 is placed above the continuous feeding mechanism wheel III-02, so that the material in the feeding box III-10 enters the continuous feeding consisting of the pin 3-04 and the continuous feeding mechanism wheel hole under the action of gravity. In the mechanism, the material in the continuous feeding mechanism is transported out of the feeding box III-10 under the rotation of the continuous feeding mechanism wheel III-02. For nucleoli, because the size of the nucleolus is different, the continuous feeding mechanism should be designed according to the size of the largest nucleolus, and the nucleolus should be prevented from clogging in the continuous feeding mechanism. When the pin III-04 passes through the internal slider III-03 of the continuous feeding mechanism wheel device, the pin III-04 moves outward along the continuous feeding mechanism, and the material in the continuous feeding mechanism is ejected, and the design of the pin should be noted and The cooperation of the continuous feeding mechanism not only facilitates the reciprocating movement of the plunger, reduces the friction, but also prevents the small core particles from blocking the gap and making the clearing difficult. After the pin III-04 passes the slider III-03, under the action of the spring III-06, the pin III-06 is reset, and the continuous feeding mechanism is formed again with the continuous feeding mechanism wheel III-02. Through the constant rotation of the continuous feeding mechanism wheel III-02, the materials in the feeding box III-10 can be evenly laid on the conveying belt II-19. The position of the slider III-03 can be adjusted by adjusting the eccentric sleeve III-07, thereby changing the volume of the continuous feeding mechanism, that is, changing the feeding amount of the continuous feeding mechanism wheel device; the eccentric sleeve is adjusted by adjusting the rotating shaft III-08, and adjusting the rotating shaft III -08 rotation produces torque, which is transmitted to the eccentric sleeve III-07 through the key III-09, thereby achieving the adjustment effect. When rotating, the pin III-04 is rubbed against the positioning bushing III-05 by the action of the spring III-06. In order to ensure that the pin III-04 can smoothly pass the slider III-03 during rotation without sticking, the shape of the contact portion of the slider III-03 and the pin III-04 is made into a circular arc contact and the frictional resistance is minimized. At the same time, the friction between the pin III-04 and the positioning bushing III-05 should also be reduced as much as possible, which requires the spring force to be smaller to reduce the pin III-04 and the positioning bushing III- The pressure between 05. The seed panel not only prevents the material brought out by the continuous feeding mechanism from splashing under the action of the centripetal force, but also ensures that the material brought out by the continuous feeding mechanism wheel can fall accurately and smoothly on the conveying belt II-19, The guiding effect on the material.

Figure 6 shows the axial view of the sheave. The apparatus is another embodiment of a feed scheme that is placed at the feed port to feed evenly over the track. The material is first placed on the feeding plate III-11. Due to the inclined placement of the feeding plate, the material slides downward by gravity. When the material is accumulated in the front of the dividing plate, the groove wheel core III-15 rotates, thereby driving the groove wheel III. -14 intermittent rotation. When the groove wheel III-14 rotates, the rotary plate III-12 is driven to push the material downward, and during the time interval when the groove wheel III-14 stops rotating, the material is piled up before the rotating plate III-12, and the groove wheel is rotated and fed. prepare for. When the material is pulled down by the rotating plate III-12, the material will be evenly spread along the axial direction of the rotating plate III-12, and again slide down under the action of gravity. The function of the rotating plate III-12 is mainly to spread the unevenly spread material on the feeding plate III-11 along the rotating plate III-12. In order to prevent the material from accumulating in the middle of the sliding process, we divide the feeding plate into different areas along the material flow direction by the dividing plate III-13, so that the materials that are dialed are entered into different divided sliding areas and fall into the area. Feed belt II-19. The function of the device is mainly to spread the material evenly on the conveying belt II-19, and the intermittent rotation of the groove wheel is used. When the groove wheel III-14 rotates, the material is transported to the conveying through the rotating plate III-12. On the material belt II-19, due to the rotation of the conveying belt II-19, when the next feeding wheel is rotated, the feeding speed of the conveying belt II-19 is adjusted, so that the last material is just transported. As a result, a continuous spread of material is formed on the conveyor belt II-19. The inclination angle of the whole device is 45°, which ensures that the rotating plate III-12 is horizontal after the one-angle is turned, and the material is dropped on the plate to prevent it from slipping off.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art, under the enlightenment of the working principle of the present invention, replace the electromagnetic coil with other forms of heating devices, such as heating wire with direct contact with the material, high energy consumption, uneven heating, and easy heat loss. If improperly handled, it will directly burn the coke; indirect contact with the microwave heating of the material will destroy the internal structure of the heated material, increase the loss of nutrients such as oil and protein, and make the nutrients of the final material low, and the microwave heating has radiation effect. To a certain extent, it poses a health threat to the operator. The above heating mechanism is a simple replacement that does not require creative labor, and should belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and the electromagnetic heating mechanism of the present invention is an optimal solution.

By adopting the device disclosed by the invention, the walnut kernel is uniformly heated by electromagnetic heating and a conveyor belt, and the red dress and the walnut kernel are deformed to different degrees, and no longer fit closely. After the ventilated roller mechanism, the red dress and the walnut kernel are completely separated. Under the action of the subsequent blowing roller, the peeled red clothes are blown away, leaving only the final product - walnut kernel. In addition, the device of the present application can be used for peeling other materials, such as peanuts, almonds and the like with thin skin nuts. Expanding the application range of the device and increasing the practical value of the device.

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The principle of thermal expansion and contraction is the belt conveying heat radiation walnut nut and red clothing separation intelligent device, which is characterized in that it comprises:

   The electromagnetic heating mechanism comprises a support frame, and the conveying mechanism is arranged in the support frame, and an electromagnetic coil is arranged in a ring direction outside the support frame;

   The transport mechanism is disposed through the support frame to feed the walnut kernel into the support frame and convey the electromagnetic heating mechanism.
2. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 1, wherein a feeding mechanism is further disposed on one side of the conveying mechanism.
3. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 2, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding plate inclined at an angle, and a feeding groove is arranged in a middle portion of the feeding plate. a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with the sheave member disposed on the side of the feeding plate, and the plurality of separating plates are disposed in the lower half of the feeding plate;

   Alternatively, the material distribution plate is disposed along the length direction of the feeding plate, and the longitudinal section of the material distribution plate is a herringbone structure; the rotation axis is disposed in the width direction of the feeding plate.
4. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic heating mechanism is replaceable with a resistance heating mechanism.
5. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation radiant walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal cross section of the support frame is annular, and both sides of the support frame are respectively supported by the support plate. a radiation inner tank is arranged in the support frame, and an insulation layer is arranged between the radiation inner tank and the electromagnetic coil;

   Further, an insulating housing is disposed outside the electromagnetic coil.
6. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 5, wherein the radiation inner tank is provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is connected with the controller, the controller and the electromagnetic The control switch and the transmission mechanism of the coil are separately connected;

   Alternatively, the longitudinal section of the radiation bladder is arranged in a rectangular loop.
7. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 1, wherein the conveying mechanism is a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt passes through a conveying roller provided on the upper support frame and the lower support frame. Supporting, the conveying roller is rotated by the belt conveying member, and the upper support frame and the lower support frame are supported by a plurality of connecting rods, and the supporting frame is disposed around the upper supporting frame.
8. The thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separation intelligent device according to claim 2, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a rotatable socket roller, and a plurality of blanking grooves are opened in the ring direction. A pin is disposed in each of the blanking troughs, and a pushing unit member that can be in contact with the pin is disposed in the socket, and the pushing unit can push the pin to move along the blanking groove, that is, in the radial direction of the socket roller. motion.
9. The invention relates to a thermal expansion and contraction principle belt conveying heat radiation walnut kernel and red clothing separating intelligent device according to claim 8, wherein the pushing unit member comprises an adjustment disposed coaxially with the socket roller in the socket roller. The rotating shaft adjusts the rotating shaft to set the eccentric sleeve, and the positioning sleeve with the slider is arranged on the periphery of the adjusting shaft; the slider is in contact with the eccentric sleeve. In the normal state, the slider can be in contact with the spring, and the spring is connected with the pin, the eye socket The rotation of the drum drives the pin and the spring to rotate around the positioning sleeve. When the pin rotates at a set angle, the spring contacts the slider, and the slider pushes out the pin with the spring to push out the material in the blanking tank;

   Alternatively, a feeding box is arranged on the top of the socket roller, the bottom of the feeding box is hollow, and the bottom is arranged above or at the bottom of the socket roller and is fixed to the socket of the socket.
10. A continuous feeding mechanism, comprising:

    The rotatable socket roller has a plurality of blanking grooves in the ring direction, and each of the blanking troughs is provided with a pin, the pin is connected with the spring, the spring is arranged toward the inside of the eye roller, and the pin can be along the blanking trough motion;

    Feeding box, the bottom is hollow, and the bottom is arranged above or at the bottom of the socket roller and is fixed to the eye roller;

    Positioning the sleeve, set in the socket roller, and set the slider;

    Adjusting the rotating shaft, and setting the eccentric sleeve in the ring direction, is disposed in the positioning sleeve, and the slider is in contact with the eccentric sleeve. In the normal state, the slider can be in contact with the spring, the socket roller rotates, and the pin and the spring rotate around the positioning sleeve. When the pin rotates at a set angle and the spring comes into contact with the slider, the slider pushes out the pin with the spring to push out the material in the blanking trough.

Images