WO2019153803A1 - 一种改进的可视喉罩 - Google Patents

一种改进的可视喉罩 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019153803A1
WO2019153803A1 PCT/CN2018/113157 CN2018113157W WO2019153803A1 WO 2019153803 A1 WO2019153803 A1 WO 2019153803A1 CN 2018113157 W CN2018113157 W CN 2018113157W WO 2019153803 A1 WO2019153803 A1 WO 2019153803A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
camera
laryngeal mask
cleaning
airway
capsule
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/113157
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
左明章
薛富善
黑子清
姚尚龙
李芳柄
王卫东
王桃红
夏大卫
李宏博
项腾
王卫南
贾东兴
张升炎
吕娜
刘星
王刚
Original Assignee
浙江优亿医疗器械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810124111.1A external-priority patent/CN108211062A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201821088839.5U external-priority patent/CN209221233U/zh
Application filed by 浙江优亿医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 浙江优亿医疗器械有限公司
Priority to ES18880076T priority Critical patent/ES2897409T3/es
Priority to US16/467,039 priority patent/US11517693B2/en
Priority to CA3055634A priority patent/CA3055634C/en
Priority to PL18880076T priority patent/PL3549627T3/pl
Priority to EP18880076.7A priority patent/EP3549627B1/en
Publication of WO2019153803A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019153803A1/zh
Priority to US17/960,832 priority patent/US11819610B2/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0434—Cuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
    • A61M16/0409—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for with mean for closing the oesophagus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
    • A61B1/00082—Balloons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
    • A61B1/00091—Nozzles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/12—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements
    • A61B1/126—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with cooling or rinsing arrangements provided with means for cleaning in-use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0465—Tracheostomy tubes; Devices for performing a tracheostomy; Accessories therefor, e.g. masks, filters
    • A61M16/047—Masks, filters, surgical pads, devices for absorbing secretions, specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/267—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the respiratory tract, e.g. laryngoscopes, bronchoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
    • A61M16/0415—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for with access means to the stomach
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0463—Tracheal tubes combined with suction tubes, catheters or the like; Outside connections

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to an improved visual laryngeal mask.
  • the visual laryngeal mask is a system of endotracheal intubation technology and airway management.
  • the biggest feature of the visual laryngeal mask is that a visual system is set on the basis of the original common laryngeal mask, so that the laryngeal mask can be placed into the process.
  • the tracheal intubation process is performed for real-time observation and monitoring, thereby improving the convenience of the operator using the laryngeal mask and improving the success rate of the intubation; reducing the risk of hypoxia and airway damage in the patient's cannula.
  • the laryngeal mask is divided into a common laryngeal mask (first generation laryngeal mask), a cannula laryngeal mask (second generation laryngeal mask) and a double tube laryngeal mask (third generation laryngeal mask).
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the state in which the laryngeal mask airbag is inserted into the human throat tissue; the first and second generation laryngeal masks have the advantages of simple use, rapid establishment of the airway, high placement success rate, reliable ventilation, no damage to the throat and tracheal mucosa, but also There are drawbacks such as incomplete sealing, increase of oral secretions, inability to effectively isolate the respiratory tract and digestive tract, and cause aspiration or reflux, which limits clinical application.
  • the third generation of laryngeal masks are designed into a curved structure based on the advantages of the first and second generation laryngeal masks, including a snorkel and a drainage tube, wherein the drainage tube can enter the gastric tube to achieve gastric drainage. Prevent aspiration and reflux. At the same time, its double balloon structure also makes the ventilator and the throat anatomy more matching and better sealed.
  • the research practice confirmed that the third-generation laryngeal mask has higher success rate of catheterization, more stable hemodynamics, less drug consumption during induction period, fewer complications, etc.
  • CN201180042730.2 discloses a laryngeal mask airway device, the device comprising an airway tube extending from a proximal end to a distal end and leading to the interior of the cover portion at the distal end,
  • the cover portion includes a backing plate and a cuff, the cover portion being shaped to seal around the periphery of the throat inlet without piercing the interior of the throat, wherein the device includes guiding means located within the interior of the cover portion, the guiding device Suitably, the guiding device directs the drug delivery catheter to the larynx when the laryngeal mask airway device is used with a drug delivery catheter.
  • the existing visual laryngeal mask has a poorly viewed effect, such as the visual laryngeal mask Ctrach system, and, for example, the applicant's patent application CN206167560 discloses a visual laryngeal mask comprising a hollow snorkel and an air bag, wherein The ventilating cavity is provided with a camera at a position near the inner wall of the end of the airbag, and a cleaning channel is arranged on one side of the camera for rinsing the debris of the camera during the operation, wherein the camera and the airway of the visual laryngeal mask The opening is basically flush.
  • the present invention provides an improved visual laryngeal mask including a snorkel
  • the end of the vent pipe is provided with a fixing seat, the fixing seat is provided with an air bag, and the fixing seat has a concave hole, and the concave hole is provided with an airway opening;
  • the inner wall of the vent pipe longitudinally extends the imaging cavity, and the imaging cavity
  • the built-in camera device extends forwardly relative to the airway opening to form a stop that prevents the epiglottis from blocking the camera.
  • the inner wall of the vent pipe further extends longitudinally with a cleaning passage, and the cleaning passage is provided with a cleaning nozzle facing the camera.
  • the stopper protrudes from the airway opening by 1 to 10 mm, and the end of the stopper is concavely formed into a recess, and the opening of the imaging cavity is located at a low point of the recess so that the periphery of the opening of the imaging cavity constitutes a rib.
  • the cleaning passage is independently spaced apart from the imaging chamber, and the end of the cleaning passage is bent 30° to 90° toward the image pickup device to form a cleaning nozzle for flushing the image pickup device.
  • the stopper protrudes from the airway opening by 3 to 5 mm.
  • the cleaning passage has longitudinally disposed at least two rows of cleaning nozzles, each row of cleaning nozzles including a vertical cleaning nozzle facing the camera device and a tilt cleaning nozzle, the vertical cleaning nozzle being substantially flush with the camera device, the tilt cleaning The spout is located on the front side of the image pickup device, and the corner of the cleaning passage is 50° to 75°.
  • the stopper includes a main body portion having a cylindrical outer surface, and a front end portion including a first circular arc surface and a second circular arc surface, the first circular arc surface and the second circular circle The arcuate arc transitions and transitions at their intersection.
  • the camera device is a camera, and the camera protrudes slightly from the opening of the imaging cavity or is flush with the opening of the imaging cavity; and the end of the camera is provided with a light source.
  • the stop is located in a recess of the mount.
  • the camera end is further provided with an LED lamp, and the camera is covered with a transparent material.
  • the visual laryngeal mask provided by the invention has a camera positioned in a position where the camera protrudes from the airway outlet, and the camera is concave, so that the block blocks the obstructive tissue from obscuring the field of view of the camera, and the field of view is clear.
  • the cleaning hole is designed to be perpendicular or inclined to the cleaning channel, and the cleaning agent can completely cover the position where the camera needs to be cleaned, and the visual effect is optimized;
  • the stopper provided by the invention has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface and the ends are all arcs. The shape transition is well adapted to the anatomy of the human throat and does not scratch the physiological tissue.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a visual laryngeal mask system including the above-described visual laryngeal mask, and display device.
  • the invention improves the laryngeal mask airbag on the basis of the above-mentioned laryngeal mask, and provides a double balloon medical laryngeal mask
  • the laryngeal mask includes a ventilating tube, and the distal end of the venting tube is provided with a fixing seat, and the fixing seat is provided with a fixing seat Covered with an air bag
  • the fixing base has a back plate
  • the air bag has a back side, a ventral side and two side walls
  • the back side of the air bag is disposed corresponding to the back plate of the fixing seat
  • the air bag has an esophagus
  • the sealing capsule and the airway sealing capsule are located on the front side of the airway sealing capsule, the esophage sealing capsule is in communication with the airway sealing capsule and forms a separation region between their back sides
  • the balloon is inflated, the expansion height of the esophageal sealing capsule is smaller than the expansion height of the airway sealing capsule; the separation region corresponds to the boundary
  • the front side of the back plate of the fixing seat is sealed with the corresponding back side of the air bag to form a separation area between the esophageal sealing capsule and the airway sealing capsule, and the two sides of the esophageal sealing capsule and the airway sealing capsule are formed. Stay connected.
  • the front side of the fixing seat backing plate is bonded or thermally joined to the corresponding airbag back side.
  • the back side of the air bag is disposed above the back plate, and the back side of the air bag has a medial capsule body and an outer side capsule body integrally formed with the median capsule body, and the median capsule body and the back plate shape are suitable
  • a connection region is formed between the front side of the medial capsule and the front side of the back plate, the connection region forming a separation region between the esophageal sealing capsule and the airway sealing capsule.
  • the balloon is generally annular in the shape of an egg, and the two side walls of the balloon form a curved transition at their respective boundary regions.
  • the lateral dimension of the esophageal sealing capsule is gradually reduced from the posterior side to the anterior side.
  • the curved transition portion has an arcuate transition to provide a smooth transition of the sidewall of the bladder.
  • the double balloon laryngeal mask provided by the invention has the expansion height of the dorsal side of the esophageal sealing capsule less than the expansion height of the back side of the airway sealing capsule when inflating; the same function is achieved with the existing airbag (the airway sealing capsule is used for sealing the airway)
  • the esophageal sealing capsule with a small expansion volume serves to seal the esophagus, prevent gas from leaking into the esophagus (causing poor ventilation and bloating), and returning gastric juice to the airway, causing airway infection and poor ventilation.
  • it can reduce the pressure on the esophagus, and the laryngeal mask is strong against the throat tissue, and the damage is better.
  • the sealed esophageal capsule provided by the invention directly functions to seal the esophagus and prevent gas from leaking into the esophagus when the airbag enters the throat.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a visual laryngeal mask provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the insertion end of the visual laryngeal mask provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stopper provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a camera device and a cleaning channel provided by the present invention.
  • 5-6 is a schematic view showing the visual field of the visual laryngeal mask provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a state in which a laryngeal mask balloon is inserted into a human throat tissue
  • Figure 8 is a top view of the dual balloon medical laryngeal mask provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a bottom view of the dual balloon medical laryngeal mask provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the disassembly of the double-bag medical laryngeal mask provided by the present invention (separating the fixing seat from the air bag);
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dual balloon medical laryngeal mask provided in the present invention when not inflated;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dual balloon medical laryngeal mask after inflation according to the present invention.
  • the description of the shapes “tongue”, “oval ring”, etc., and the term “substantial” before the shape means that the shape description of a structure of the present invention does not necessarily mean that the structure must be strictly Appearing in the shape, allowing the shape to have suitable geometric adjustment or deformation, some deviation or deformation from the standard shape also falls within the scope of the present invention, and the structure provided by the present invention is not strictly a certain shape.
  • the description of some shapes that are intended to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as long as the intended purpose of the invention is achieved;
  • the laryngeal mask includes a vent tube 6 .
  • the end portion of the vent tube 6 is provided with an air bag 5 .
  • the air bag is substantially in the shape of an egg ring, and the air bag 5 is fixed to the fixed seat 63 formed at the end of the vent pipe 6 .
  • a recess is formed in the fixing seat 63, and an air passage opening 61 is formed in the concave hole; the air vent pipe 6 enters the air passage through the air passage opening, and the inner wall of the air vent tube longitudinally extends with an imaging cavity and a cleaning passage, and the camera cavity has a built-in camera 4, an imaging cavity and a cleaning
  • the channel airway opening continues to extend forward, at which point a convex stop 62 is integrally formed, i.e., the stop 62 is convex relative to the airway opening on the plane of the seat, such that the block 62 can have a physiological tissue Push the resistance in other areas to avoid the episode blocking the camera 4.
  • the peripheral portion of the opening of the imaging chamber and the end of the cleaning passage constitutes a front end portion 621 of the stopper 62.
  • the front end portion 621 is concavely recessed toward the opening direction of the imaging chamber, so that the open end of the imaging chamber is located at a low point of the recess, and the imaging chamber is opened.
  • the peripheral portion (which may also be said to be the peripheral portion of the end of the stopper) constitutes a function similar to the rib, the rib blocking the physiological tissue in other regions than the stopper; preferably, the inventors of the present invention find that The block 62 protrudes from the airway port by 611 to 10 mm, i.e., convex relative to the plane of the circumference of the airway port, but the block remains in the recess of the airbag mount 63. While achieving optimal visual effects, it can prevent the episode from blocking the camera.
  • the tracheal size is about: 17 ⁇ 2mm; according to the relative positional relationship between the glottis and the laryngeal mask during the use of the laryngeal mask, the camera observation is initially determined. The range should be observed to make the image clearest; through the analysis of glottal size and laryngeal mask size, combined with the positional relationship of the laryngeal mask and glottis; determine the image collection direction of the camera, when the block 62 protrudes from the airway port 613 ⁇ 5mm You can see the most clear and complete glottis.
  • the camera 4 may protrude slightly from the opening of the imaging cavity, which may be flush with the open end of the imaging cavity, but still at a low point where the end of the stopper is recessed, and the shape of the stopper may be changed.
  • the whole block is similar to a ball shape.
  • the ball-shaped block has a smooth outline and no sharp edges. Compared with triangles or other blocks with sharp bevels, the patient will not feel uncomfortable during operation.
  • the feeling divides the stopper into a main body portion 622 extending in the longitudinal direction, and a front end portion 621 having a cylindrical shape, and a part of the side wall of the cylindrical main body portion is integrally coupled with the wall surface of the laryngeal mask (due to The block itself is the camera cavity extending from the side wall of the vent tube, and the side wall surface adjacent to the air passage opening is cylindrical; and the front end portion includes two first semi-circular faces 6211 and a second half which are integrally connected
  • the circular surface 6212, and the first semicircular surface 6211 and the second semicircular surface 6212 are not flat surfaces, and each has a gradually concave curved surface; the first semicircular surface 6211 and the second semicircular surface 6212 Intersection arc transition, and at the transition transition transition There is a turning 6213, that is, the first semicircular surface 6211 and the second semicircular surface 6212 have an included angle, for example, approximately 90°, so the depth of the recess is the deepest at
  • the development of the structure is more integrated into the anatomy of the human throat, which does not cause discomfort and facilitates the popularization of the application of the visual mask.
  • the stopper of the structure and the flange (rib) formed at the periphery may cause the epiglottis to be squeezed to the side or block the path of the epiglottis tissue, eliminating the original patent application CN 206167560B.
  • the defect that the visual field of the medium visual device is blocked;; because the camera is in the depression of the depression, it is not easy to get on the debris, and the cleaning procedure is effectively reduced.
  • the cleaning passage is provided with a cleaning nozzle 13 facing the camera; in order to ensure that the cleaning nozzle 13 is opposite to the camera 4, the cleaning nozzle 13 is slightly higher than the camera 4 or flush with the camera 4, the cleaning nozzle pair The quasi-camera sprays the cleaning agent.
  • the front end of the camera is equipped with an LED lamp, and the camera is fixed in the camera cavity.
  • the airbag 5 is connected with an inflation tube 3, which indicates a balloon 2 and an inflation valve 1; a front end of the vent tube 6 is provided with a connector 7, the camera is connected with a data line 9 and a data connector 11, the data connector and the display device Connected to form a visual laryngeal mask system with an irrigation tube 8 and irrigation fitting 10 attached.
  • the air bag 5 is filled with gas through the inflation valve 1 to form a seal around the patient's airway opening, and the raised block 62 can prevent the episode from obstructing the field of view of the camera.
  • the visual laryngeal mask provided by the present invention has at least two rows of cleaning nozzles facing the camera in the longitudinal direction of the cleaning passage 12.
  • the position of the cleaning nozzle relative to the camera has an important influence on the cleaning effect, for example, the original application.
  • the middle cleaning nozzles are vertical cleaning nozzles, that is, the angle between the cleaning nozzles and the cleaning passages or the imaging chamber is 90°, which is difficult to clean.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that among the two rows of cleaning nozzles, each row of cleaning nozzles consists of a vertical cleaning nozzle 131 that is substantially flush with the camera, and three longitudinally arranged inclined cleaning nozzles 132 that protrude slightly from the camera ( Referring to Figure 4), the cleaning effect is significantly improved.
  • the angle between the inclined cleaning nozzle 132 and the cleaning passage 12 is 50° to 75°, that is, the end of the cleaning passage 12 is bent by 50° to 75° to communicate with the imaging cavity.
  • the small passage constitutes a slanting cleaning nozzle 132.
  • the vertical cleaning nozzle 132 and the inclined cleaning nozzle 132 cooperate with each other to take charge of the side wall and the front side of the camera 4, and the debris on the camera can be completely removed to avoid the original design. Incomplete cleaning of the cleaning spout occurs.
  • step 2) Find the spatial coordinates of the camera's camera end relative to the iconic structure of the laryngeal mask; according to the camera collection direction obtained in step 2), reverse the camera position, the center position of the camera camera end can be initially determined; according to the size of the common camera, preliminary Determine the positional relationship between the camera installation position and the laryngeal mask itself, combined with relevant mathematical analysis, and finally obtain the following expression;
  • the vertical air passage exit end axis is the Y axis
  • the horizontal direction is the X axis
  • the vertical direction is the Z axis: (as shown in the following figure;
  • Point A is the center point of the end point of the camera, and the coordinates are (x1, y1, z1);
  • R vent pipe ventilation channel radius
  • l 1 the shortest distance between the observation channel and the edge of the ventilation channel; usually >2mm
  • ⁇ the angle between the center line of the camera and the coordinate plane X-Y;
  • ⁇ the angle between the center line of the camera and the coordinate plane Y-Z;
  • ⁇ the angle between the center line of the camera and the coordinate plane Z-X;
  • the camera insertion channel trajectory and size can be determined initially. Combined with the relevant mathematical analysis, the following parameter table 1 is finally obtained.
  • the center of the observation channel of the laryngeal mask with the laryngeal mask ventilator and the middle part of the balloon is taken as the origin, and the three-dimensional space curve traced by the above point is the curve of the observation channel of the laryngeal mask.
  • the present invention provides a dual balloon medical laryngeal mask, as shown in FIGS. 8-10, the airbag 5 is used in a double tube laryngeal mask, and the laryngeal mask includes a vent tube 6, And a fixing seat 63 at the distal end of the vent pipe and integrally formed with the vent pipe 6, the fixing seat includes a back plate 63, and the air bag 5 is connected with an inflation tube 3, indicating the balloon 2 and the inflation valve 1; Covering the fixing seat 63 disposed at the distal end of the laryngeal mask vent tube 6, the fixing seat 63 has a back plate 631. Referring to FIG.
  • the air bag 5 has a back side 500 and a ventral side (the back side is the ventral side)
  • the two side walls 502, the back side 500 of the airbag is disposed correspondingly above and below the back plate 631 of the fixed seat;
  • the air bag has an esophageal sealing capsule 51 and an airway sealing capsule 52.
  • a boundary line A here, the front side of the boundary line A is the esophageal sealing capsule 51, the rear side of the dividing line is the airway sealing capsule 52, and the esophageal sealing capsule 51 is located in the airway sealing.
  • the anterior side of the balloon 52 in order to ensure that the gas seals the capsule in the esophagus and the airway seals the esophagus
  • the capsule 51 is still in communication with the airway sealing capsule 52, however, in order to prevent the gas filling efficiency, a separation region 53 is formed between the esophageal sealing capsule 51 and the back side of the airway sealing capsule 52, through which In the separation area, when the air in the airway sealing capsule flows toward the esophageal sealing capsule, it can only enter through the non-separating area, that is, the side side. Referring to FIG. 12, after inflation, the expansion height of the back side of the esophageal sealing capsule is significantly smaller than that.
  • the inflation height of the airway sealing capsule that is, the degree of swelling of the esophageal sealing capsule is smaller than the swelling degree of the airway sealing capsule; the separation area 53 corresponds to the boundary between the esophagus and the airway, and the gas is inserted into the throat when the airbag is inserted into the throat.
  • the channel sealing capsule 52 is used to seal the airway, and the esophageal sealing capsule 51 is used to seal the esophagus, prevent gas from leaking into the esophagus (causing poor ventilation and bloating), and returning gastric juice into the airway, causing airway infection and poor ventilation.
  • a separation region is formed between the esophageal sealing capsule 51 and the back side of the airway sealing balloon 52, and the form of implementation may be various; in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front plate 631 of the fixing seat 63 is to be The side is connected to its corresponding balloon back side 500, thereby achieving separation of the esophageal sealing capsule from the region of the dorsal side of the airway sealing capsule, forming a separation region 53, and in addition to this separation region 53, the other regions remain in communication, including the dorsal side
  • the other regions and the two side walls 502; preferably, the front side of the fixing seat back plate and its corresponding airbag back side sealing form may be bonded or thermally joined.
  • the front side of the fixing seat back plate is bonded to the back side of the airbag corresponding thereto;
  • the airbag back side 500 is disposed above the backboard 631, and the airbag back side 500 has a medial capsule 5001 and is integrated with the median capsule 5001.
  • the molded outer capsule 5002 has a shape in which the medial capsule 5001 is adapted to the back plate 631, and the inner side of the medial capsule is in contact with the back plate 631, and the outer side capsule 5002 is surrounded on the circumferential side of the back plate, and the medial capsule 5001
  • a connection region 531 is formed between the front side and the front side of the back plate 631.
  • the connection region is a bonding region in this embodiment, and the connection region 531 realizes separation between the esophageal sealing capsule and the airway sealing capsule.
  • the expansion height of the posterior airway sealing capsule is significantly higher than the expansion height of the anterior esophageal sealing capsule due to the blocking of the separation region, that is, The communication between the side walls does not completely hinder the inflow of the inflation gas.
  • the esophageal sealing capsule with a small expansion volume can significantly reduce the pressure on the esophagus, and the laryngeal mask is strong against the throat tissue, and the damage is better.
  • the balloon 5 is generally generally annular in shape, and the two side walls of the balloon form a curved transition 5021 at their respective boundary regions.
  • the lateral dimension of the esophageal sealing capsule 51 is gradually reduced from the posterior side to the anterior side, further reducing the compression against the throat, and the curved transition portion has an arc-shaped transition to form a smooth transition of the side wall of the balloon; Match to avoid discomfort.

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Abstract

一种改进的可视喉罩，该喉罩包括通气管（6），通气管（6）的端部设有固定座（63），固定座（63）上设有气囊（5），且固定座（63）上具有一个凹坑，凹坑上开设有气道口（61）；通气管（6）内壁纵向延伸摄像腔，摄像腔内置摄像头（4），摄像腔和清洁通道（12）相对于气道口（61）向前伸出，以形成一个防止会厌挡住摄像装置的挡块（62），阻挡会厌组织遮蔽摄像头（4）的视野，观察视野清晰。

Description

一种改进的可视喉罩 技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种改进可视喉罩。
背景技术
可视喉罩是一种气管内插管技术并进行气道管理的系统，可视喉罩最大的特点就是在原有普通喉罩的基础上设置可视系统，使其可对喉罩置入过程、置入后及气管插管置入过程进行实时观察、监控，从而提高操作者使用喉罩的便利性及提升插管成功率；降低患者插管中缺氧，气道损伤等风险。
喉罩从发展历程上，分为普通喉罩(第一代喉罩)、插管喉罩(第二代喉罩)以及双管喉罩(第三代喉罩)。图7为喉罩气囊插入人体喉部组织的状态示意图；第一、二代喉罩具有使用简单、快速建立气道、放置成功率高、通气可靠、不损伤咽喉和气管黏膜等优势，但也存在密封不全、增加口腔分泌物、不能有效隔离呼吸道与消化道、引发误吸或返流等弊端，限制了临床应用。随着材料及技术的发展，第三代喉罩在延续了第一、二代喉罩优势的基础上，设计成弯曲结构，包括通气管和引流管，其中引流管能进入胃管实现胃液引流、预防误吸和返流。同时其双气囊结构也使得通气罩与咽喉解剖结构更匹配、密封更好。研究实践证实第三代喉罩的置管成功率更高、血流动力学更稳当、诱导期用药量更少、并发症更少等，在临床上推广应用更广泛，近年来随着材料和技术的进步，出现了多种改进型的第三代喉罩，例如驼人的双管喉罩、金尔康的Splendid喉罩等。又例如CN201180042730.2公开了一种喉罩气道装置，所述装置包括气道管，所述气道管从近端延伸至远端并且在该远端处通到罩部的内部中，所述罩部包括背板和套囊，罩部被成形为围绕喉入口的外周密封而不刺入喉的内部，其中所述装置包括位于所述罩部的内部内的引导装置，所述引导装置适于使得，当所述喉罩气道装置与给药导管一起使用时，所述引导装置将所述给药导管引向所述喉。
现有的可视喉罩观察效果不佳，经典地如可视喉罩Ctrach系统，又例如，本申请人的专利申请CN206167560公开了一种可视喉罩，包括中空的通气管和气囊，其中所述通气腔伸入端内壁靠近气囊的位置处设有摄像头，同时在摄像头的一侧设置清洁通道，用于冲洗手术过程中摄像头沾上的杂物，其中摄像头与可视喉罩的气道开口基本齐平，在实际的操作，产品插入咽喉过程中，会厌会挡在气道出口周边的区域，同时不可避免地遮挡摄像头，导致摄像头无法看到声门，观察失败，无法实现真正意义上的可视化。同时清洁通道朝向摄像头的设置方向，难以完全清洗掉摄像头的杂物。如何利用摄像头达到最佳的可视效果，同时设计出的结构更加符合人体咽喉结构，不会因此增加病患的治疗痛苦，保证插管的使用效果，已成为公认的难题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中可视喉罩的可视效果不佳，且结构设计粗糙与生理结构适配度不高的问题；本发明提供一种改进的可视喉罩，该喉罩包括通气管，通气管的端部设有固定座，固定座上设有气囊，且固定座上具有凹坑，所述凹坑上开设有气道口；所述通气管内壁纵向延伸摄像腔，所述摄像腔内置摄像装置，所述摄像腔和清洁通道相对于气道口向前伸出，以形成一个防止会厌挡住摄像装置的挡块。
作为优选，所述通气管内壁还纵向延伸有清洁通道，所述清洁通道设有朝向摄像装置的清洁喷口。
作为优选，所述挡块凸出于气道口1～10mm，挡块的端部内凹形成凹陷，摄像腔开口位于凹陷的低洼处，以使摄像腔开口的周缘构成挡边。
作为优选，所述清洁通道与摄像腔横向隔开独立地设置，所述清洁通道末端朝向摄像装置弯折30°～90°，以形成用于冲洗摄像装置的清洁喷口。
作为优选，所述挡块凸出于气道口3～5mm。
作为优选，所述清洁通道的末端纵向设置至少两排清洁喷口，每排清洁喷口包括朝向摄像装 置的垂直清洁喷口和倾斜清洁喷口，所述垂直清洁喷口与摄像装置基本齐平，所述倾斜清洁喷口位于摄像装置的前侧，且与清洁通道的拐角为50°～75°。
作为优选，所述挡块包括主体部以及前端部，所述主体部具有柱形外表面，所述前端部包括第一圆弧面和第二圆弧面，第一圆弧面和第二圆弧面圆弧过渡交接，且在它们交接处形成转折。
作为优选，所述摄像装置为摄像头，所述摄像头略凸出于摄像腔开口，或与摄像腔开口齐平；所述摄像头端部设有光源。
作为优选，所述挡块位于固定座的凹坑内。
作为优选，所述摄像头端部还设有LED灯，且所述摄像头采用透明材料包覆。
本发明提供的可视喉罩通过将摄像头设置在凸出与气道出口的位置，摄像头内凹，这样挡块阻挡会厌组织遮蔽摄像头的视野，观察视野清晰。将清洁孔设计成与清洁通道垂直或者倾斜的形状，清洗剂能够完全覆盖摄像头需要清洗的位置，可视效果最佳化；本发明提供的挡块具有柱形外周面，且端部均为弧形过渡，与人体咽喉部的解剖结构适配良好，不会刮伤生理组织。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种可视喉罩系统，其中包括上述所述可视喉罩，和显示装置。
本发明在上述喉罩的基础上，对喉罩气囊进行改进，提供一种双气囊医用喉罩，喉罩包括通气管，所述通气管的远端设有固定座，所述固定座上包覆有气囊，所述固定座具有背板，所述气囊具有背侧、腹侧以及两侧壁，所述气囊的背侧与固定座的背板对应设置，其特征在于：所述气囊具有食道密封囊体和气道密封囊体，食道密封囊体位于气道密封囊体的前侧，所述食道密封囊体与气道密封囊体之间保持连通且在它们的背侧之间形成分隔区域，以使气囊充气时，食道密封囊体的膨胀高度小于气道密封囊体的膨胀高度；该分隔区域对应食道与气道的分界处。
作为优选，所述固定座的背板前侧与其相对应的气囊背侧密封，以此形成食道密封囊体与气道密封囊的分隔区域，而食道密封囊体和气道密封囊体的两侧壁保持连通。
作为优选，所述固定座背板的前侧与其相对应的气囊背侧粘接或者热接在一起。
作为优选，所述气囊背侧设在背板的上方，且所述气囊背侧具有中位囊体以及与中位囊体一体成型的外侧囊体，所述中位囊体与背板形状适配且与背板接触，中位囊体的前侧与背板的前侧之间形成连接区域，该连接区域形成了食道密封囊体与气道密封囊体之间的分隔区域。
作为优选，所述气囊整体大致呈卵环形，该气囊的两侧壁在其对应的分界区域处形成弯曲过渡部。
作为优选，所述食道密封囊体的横向尺寸自后侧至前侧逐步缩减。
作为优选，所述弯曲过渡部呈弧形过渡，以使气囊的侧壁形成平滑过渡。
本发明提供的双气囊喉罩了在充气时，食道密封囊体背侧膨胀高度小于气道密封囊体背侧膨胀高度；与现有气囊实现同样功能(气道密封囊体用于密封气道)的同时，膨胀体积较小的食道密封囊体则起到密封食道的作用，防止气体漏入食道(引起通气不良及腹胀)，以及胃液返流入气道，引起气道感染及通气不畅，同时可减少对食道压迫，喉罩强对喉部组织对压力均匀，更好减少损伤。
由于在建立人工气道时，漏气以及胃液反流的情况时有发生，虽然在第三代喉罩上具有引流的功能，然而操作复杂，需要随时观察以及情况危急时难以及时发现，而本发明提供的密封食道囊体在气囊进入喉部时，则直接起到起到密封食道以及避免气体漏入食道。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的可视喉罩的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的可视喉罩伸入端的示意图；
图3为本发明提供的挡块的结构示意图；
图4为本发明提供的摄像装置与清洁通道的剖面图；
图5-6为本发明提供的可视喉罩的观察视野示意图；
图7为喉罩气囊插入人体喉部组织的状态示意图；
图8为本发明提供的双气囊医用喉罩的上视图；
图9为本发明提供的双气囊医用喉罩的下视图；
图10为本发明提供的双气囊医用喉罩的拆分示意图(将固定座与气囊拆分开)；
图11为本发明提供的双气囊医用喉罩在未充气时的剖面示意图；
图12为本发明提供的双气囊医用喉罩充气后的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细的说明，此外应当理解地是：
本发明的描述中，形状“舌形”、“卵环形”、等的描述，且形状前的修饰术语“大致”表示本发明对某一结构的形状描述，并不一定表示该结构必须严格地以所述形状出现，允许形状有合适的几何调整或者变形，与标准的形状有一些偏差或者变形同样落入本发明的保护范围，，且本发明提供的结构大都不为严格的某一形状，旨在方便本领域技术人员理解而作出一些形状的描述不能认定为本发明的限制，只要能达到本发明预期目的即落入本发明的保护范围；
本发明的描述中，“背侧”、“腹侧”“前侧”以及“后侧”等指示位置关系为基于附图所示的位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构和部位必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制；
实施例1 改进的可视喉罩1
如图1所示，该喉罩包括通气管6，通气管6的伸入端端部设有气囊5，气囊大致呈卵环形，气囊5固定在通气管6端部的形成的固定座63，固定座63上形成凹坑，在凹坑上开设有气道口61；通气管6通过气道口进入气道，通气管内壁纵向延伸有摄像腔和清洁通道，摄像腔内置摄像头4，摄像腔和清洁通道气道口继续向前伸出，此时整体形成一个凸出的挡块62，即挡块62相对于气道口在固定座上所在的平面是凸出的，这样，挡块62可以将生理组织推阻在其他区域，避免会厌挡住摄像头4。且摄像腔开口和清洁通道的末端的周缘区域构成了挡块62的前端部621，前端部621向摄像腔开口方向内凹形成凹陷，这样，摄像腔开口端位于凹陷的低洼处，摄像腔开口的周缘部分(也可以说是挡块端部的周边部分)构成了一个类似挡边的作用，挡边将生理组织阻挡在挡块以外的其他区域；优选地，本发明的发明人发现当挡块62凸出于气道口611～10mm，即相对于气道口周缘所在平面是凸出的，但是挡块依然处于气囊固定座63的凹坑内。在达到最优的可视效果的同时，可以防止会厌挡住摄像头。作为最优的实施方式，依据成年人声门尺寸约为：21±4mm，气管尺寸约为：17±2mm；根据喉罩使用过程中，声门与喉罩的相对位置关系，初步确定摄像头观察应该需观察的范围以使图像最为清晰；通过对声门尺寸及喉罩尺寸分析、结合喉罩和声门相关位置关系；确定摄像头图像收集方向，挡块62凸出与气道口613～5mm时，可以看到最为清晰完整的声门。
其中，如图3所示，摄像头4可以略凸出于摄像腔开口，其可以与摄像腔开口端齐平，但是仍然处于挡块端部凹陷的低洼处，挡块的形状可作多种变化，例如挡块整体类似一个瘪球形状，此时瘪球形状的挡块轮廓光滑，没有锋利的边缘，相较于三角形或者其他具有锋利斜边的挡块，操作过程中不会令患者产生不适的感觉，又例如将挡块划分为沿长度方向延伸的主体部622，以及前端部621，主体部呈柱形，且该柱形主体部的部分侧壁与喉罩的壁面联接为一体(由于挡块本身就是摄像腔在通气管侧壁延伸出来)，而与气道口相邻的侧壁面呈圆筒状；而前端部包括两个连接为一体的第一半圆形面6211和第二半圆形面6212，且第一半圆形面6211和第二半圆形面6212不为平坦面，均呈逐渐内凹的弧面；第一半圆形面6211和第二半圆形面6212交接处圆弧过渡，且在交接过渡处具有转折6213，即第一半圆形面6211和第二半圆形面6212具有夹角，例如近似90°，因此在交接弯折处6213凹陷深度最深，第二半圆形面与安装座63的凹坑面前侧部分之间也呈圆弧过渡交接，该结构的研发更贴合成人 咽喉部的解剖结构，不会令人产生不适，利于普及可视喉罩的应用。最重要的，由于会厌组织的生理特性，该结构的挡块以及周边形成的凸缘(挡边)会使会厌挤压至旁侧，或者挡住了会厌组织的去路，消除了原专利申请CN 206167560B中可视装置的视野被阻挡的缺陷；；由于摄像头处于凹陷的低洼处，不容易沾上杂物，有效减少清洁程序。
另外，如图2所示，清洁通道设有朝向摄像头的清洁喷口13；为了保证清洁喷口13对向摄像头4，清洗喷口13略高于摄像头4，或者与摄像头4齐平，所述清洁喷口对准摄像头喷射清洗剂。
另外，摄像头前端装有LED灯，所述摄像头固设在摄像腔内，固紧的方式有多种，包括但不限于粘接，螺钉固定或者卡紧等方式，另外摄像腔开口端使用透明材料封闭。所述气囊5连接有充气管3，指示球囊2和充气阀1；所述通气管6前端设有接头7，所述摄像头连接有数据线9和数据接头11，所述数据接头与显示装置连接，形成可视喉罩系统，所述清洁通道连接有冲洗管8和冲洗接头10。通过充气阀1向气囊5充入气体使患者气道口周围形成密封，凸起的挡块62可以避免会厌挡住摄像头的视野。
实施例2 改进的可视喉罩2
如图4所示，本发明提供的可视喉罩，清洁通道12的末端纵向设置至少两排朝向摄像头的清洁喷口，清洁喷口相对于摄像头的位置对于清洗效果具有重要影响，例如原在先申请中清洁喷口均为垂直清洁喷口，即清洁喷口与清洁通道或者摄像腔的夹角为90°，难以清除干净。本发明的发明人发现，设有的两排清洁喷口中，每排清洁喷口由与摄像头基本齐平的垂直清洁喷口131，以及略凸出于摄像头的3个纵向排列的倾斜清洁喷口132组成(参考图4)，此时清洗效果明显提高。优选地，在本发明的一个具体实施方式中，倾斜清洁喷口132与清洁通道12的拐角为50°～75°，即清洁通道12的末端弯折50°～75°形成的与摄像腔连通的小通道构成了倾斜的清洁喷口132，此时垂直清洁喷口132与倾斜清洁喷口132合力负责摄像头4的侧壁和正面的杂物，可以将摄像头上的杂物全部清除干净，避免原有设计的清洁喷口清洗不彻底的现象发生。
本发明提供的可视喉罩的观察视野
为了更好地帮助理解如何确定伸出部分位置，且达到最优的视野。主要探究摄像头相对于喉罩的位置关系对可视喉罩整体可视效果的影响，通过临床使用过程中功能性分析，运用数学方法，找到观察的最佳位置；具体包括如下步骤：
1)根据声门与喉罩相对位置关系；确定所需观察的声门图像范围；喉罩内可视系统需尽可能全观察到声门位置，依据成年人声门尺寸约为：21±4mm，气管尺寸约为：17±2mm；根据喉罩使用过程中，声门与喉罩的相对位置关系，如图4和图5所示，初步确定摄像头观察应该需观察的范围图像最为清晰；通过对声门尺寸及喉罩尺寸分析、结合喉罩和声门相关位置关系；确定摄像头图像收集方向，该可视系统可通过该方向看到最为完整、清晰的声门。
2)找到摄像头摄像端相对喉罩标志性结构的空间坐标；根据步骤2)得到的摄像头收集方向，反推摄像头位置，即可初步确定摄像头摄像端中心位置，；根据常用摄像头尺寸大小，初步可确定摄像头安装位置与喉罩本身的位置关系，结合相关数学分析，最终得出以下列表达式；
摄像头终点位置(中心点坐标A)：
x 1＝(r+R+l 1)cos θ
y 1＝0
z 1＝(r+R+l 1)sin θ
摄像头起点位置(中心点坐标B)：
x 2＝-l 2cos α(cos β+cos γ)
y 2＝-l 2cos β(cos α+cos γ)
z 2＝-l 2cos γ(cos β+cos α)
以气道出口中心位置为坐标原点，垂直气道出口端面轴为Y轴，水平方向为X轴，竖直 方向为Z轴：(如下图所示；
点A为摄像头终点端面中心点，坐标为(x1,y1,z1)；
r：观察通道半径；
R：通气管通气通道半径；
l 1：观察通道与通气通道边缘最短距离；通常>2mm
α：摄像头中心线与坐标平面X-Y的夹角；
β：摄像头中心线与坐标平面Y-Z的夹角；
γ：摄像头中心线与坐标平面Z-X的夹角；
l 2：摄像头定位长度，及摄像头刚性段长度；
3)计算出摄像头接线端空间坐标——确定摄像系统与喉罩的相对位置关系。
根据常用摄像头尺寸大小，初步可确定摄像头插入通道轨迹及尺寸，结合相关数学分析，最终得出以下参数表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2018113157-appb-000001
以喉罩通气管与气囊中段连接处喉罩观察通道中心为原点，通过以上点描出的三维空间曲线即为喉罩观察通道轨迹曲线。
结果表明该喉罩提供了最佳的观察视野。实施例3
在本发明一个较佳的实施方式中，本发明提供一种双气囊医用喉罩，具体如图8～10所示，该气囊5用于双管喉罩中，该喉罩包括通气管6、以及位于通气管远端以及与通气管6一体成型的固定座63，该固定座包括背板63，所所述气囊5连接有充气管3，指示球囊2和充气阀1；该气囊2包覆在喉罩通气管6远端设置的固定座63上，该固定座63具有背板631，参考图10，所述气囊5具有背侧500、腹侧(背侧的背面即为腹侧)、两侧壁502，所述气囊的背侧500与固定座的背板631上下对应设置；所述气囊具有食道密封囊体51和气道密封囊体52，在本发明中，为了方便理解，参考图8、9以及图12，我们在此定义一条分界线A，分界线A前侧为食道密封囊体51，分界线后侧为气道密封囊体52，食道密封囊体51位于气道密封囊体52的前侧；为了保证气体在食道密封囊体与气道密封囊体，食道密封囊体51与气 道密封囊体52之间仍然保持连通，然而为了阻止气体的充入效率，在食道密封囊体51与气道密封囊体52的背侧之间形成分隔区域53，通过该分隔区域，气体在气道密封囊体朝向食道密封囊体流入时，只能通过非分隔区域即旁侧进入，参考图12所示，充气后，食道密封囊体的背侧的膨胀高度明显小于气道密封囊体的膨胀高度，即食道密封囊体的鼓起程度小于气道密封囊体的鼓起程度；该分隔区域53对应食道与气道的分界处，在气囊插入喉部时，气道密封囊体52用于密封气道，食道密封囊体51用于密封食道，防止气体漏入食道(引起通气不良及腹胀)，以及胃液返流入气道，引起气道感染及通气不畅。
在食道密封囊体51与气道密封囊体52的背侧之间形成分隔区域，实现的形式可以有多种；在本发明一个较佳的实施例中，将固定座63的背板631前侧与其对应的气囊背侧500连接，以此实现食道密封囊体与气道密封囊背侧部分区域的分隔，形成分隔区域53，而除此分隔区域53，其他区域保持保持连通，包括背侧的其他区域以及两侧壁502；优选地，所述固定座背板的前侧与其相对应的气囊背侧密封形式可以为粘接或者热接。在本实实施例中，所述固定座背板的前侧与与其相对应的气囊背侧密封形式为粘接；
具体地，在本实施例中，如图10所示，所述气囊背侧500设在背板631的上方，且所述气囊背侧500具有中位囊体5001以及与中位囊体5001一体成型的外侧囊体5002，中位囊体5001与背板631形状适配，且中位囊体的内侧与背板631接触，外侧囊体5002围在背板的周侧，中位囊体5001的前侧与背板631的前侧之间形成连接区域531，该连接区域在本实施例中为粘接区域，该连接区域531实现了食道密封囊体与气道密封囊体之间的分隔；如图12所示，参考图11，由充气导管2充气后，由于分隔区域的阻挡，位于后侧气道密封囊体的膨胀高度明显高于前侧食道密封囊体的膨胀高度，即由于侧壁之间的连通，并不完全阻碍膨胀气体的流入，膨胀体积较小的食道密封囊体能显著减少对食道压迫，喉罩强对喉部组织对压力均匀，更好减少损伤。
所述气囊5整体大致呈卵环形，该气囊的两侧壁在其对应的分界区域处形成弯曲过渡部5021。所述食道密封囊体51的横向尺寸自后侧至前侧逐步缩减，进一步降低对喉部阻止的压迫，所述弯曲过渡部呈弧形过渡，以使气囊的侧壁形成平滑过渡；生理适配，避免出现不适。
虽然已经在图中示出并且在以上结合若干个示例性实施例特别且详细地完全描述了本文描述的主题所披露的实施例，但是本领域普通技术人员在不脱离本文阐述的教示、原理和概念下，许多修改、改变和省略是可能的。因此，所披露的发明的适当范围应仅由随附权利要求的最广泛解释来确定以便涵盖所有这些修改、改变和省略。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种改进的可视喉罩，该喉罩包括通气管(6)，通气管(6)的端部设有固定座(63)，固定座上设有气囊(5)，且固定座(63)上具有凹坑，所述凹坑上开设有气道口(61)；所述通气管内壁纵向延伸摄像腔，所述摄像腔内置摄像装置(4)，其特征在于：所述摄像腔和清洁通道相对于气道口(61)向前伸出，以形成一个防止会厌挡住摄像装置的挡块(62)；优选地，所述通气管内壁还纵向延伸有清洁通道，所述清洁通道设有朝向摄像装置(4)的清洁喷口(13)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其特征在于：所述气囊(5)的背侧(500)与固定座(63)的背板(631)对应设置，所述气囊(5)具有食道密封囊体(51)和气道密封囊体(52)，食道密封囊体(51)位于气道密封囊(52)体的前侧，所述食道密封囊体(51)与气道密封囊体(52)之间保持连通且在它们的背侧之间形成分隔区域(53)，以使气囊充气时，食道密封囊体(51)的膨胀高度小于气道密封囊体(52)的膨胀高度；该分隔区域(53)对应食道与气道的分界处。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述挡块(62)凸出于气道口(61)1～10mm，挡块(62)的前端部(621)内凹形成凹陷，摄像腔开口位于凹陷的低洼处。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述清洁通道与摄像腔横向隔开独立地设置，所述清洁通道(12)末端朝向摄像装置(4)弯折30°～90°，以形成用于冲洗摄像装置的清洁喷口(13)，优选地，所述清洁通道的末端纵向设置至少两排清洁喷口，每排清洁喷口包括朝向摄像装置的垂直清洁喷口(131)和倾斜清洁喷口(132)，所述垂直清洁喷口(131)与摄像装置(4)基本齐平，所述倾斜清洁喷口(132)位于摄像装置(4)的前侧，且与清洁通道(12)的拐角为50°～75°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其特征在于：所述固定座的背板(631)前侧与其相对应的气囊(5)背侧密封，以此形成食道密封囊体与气道密封囊的分隔区域(53)，优选地，所述固定座背板的前侧与其相对应的气囊背侧粘接或者热接在一起。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述挡块(62)凸出于气道口(61)3～5mm，所述挡块优选位于固定座的凹坑内。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述气囊背侧(500)设在背板(631)的上方，且所述气囊背侧(500)具有中位囊体(5001)以及与中位囊体一体成型的外侧囊体(5002)，所述中位囊体(5001)与背板(631)形状适配且与背板(631)接触，中位囊体(5001)的前侧与背板(631)的前侧之间形成连接区域(531)，该连接区域(531)形成了食道密封囊体与气道密封囊体之间的分隔区域。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述挡块包括主体部(622)以及前端部(621)，所述主体部(622)具有柱形外表面，所述前端部(621)包括第一圆弧面(6211)和第二圆弧面(6212)，第一圆弧面(6211)和第二圆弧面(6212)圆弧过渡交接，且在它们交接处形成转折(6213)。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述气囊(5)整体大致呈卵环形，该气囊的两侧壁(502)在其对应的分界区域处形成弯曲过渡部(5021)；优选地，所述弯曲过渡部呈弧形过渡，以使气囊的侧壁形成平滑过渡。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的改进的可视喉罩，其中，所述摄像装置为摄像头，所述摄像头略凸出于摄像腔开口，或与摄像腔开口齐平；所述摄像头端部设有光源。
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CA3055634C (en) 2022-02-22
EP3549627A1 (en) 2019-10-09
CA3055634A1 (en) 2019-08-15
ES2897409T3 (es) 2022-03-01
EP3549627A4 (en) 2020-01-22
US20230033504A1 (en) 2023-02-02
US11819610B2 (en) 2023-11-21
EP3549627B1 (en) 2021-09-22
ES2897409T8 (es) 2022-03-14
US11517693B2 (en) 2022-12-06

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