WO2019153329A1 - 一种制取液体的装置及方法 - Google Patents
一种制取液体的装置及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019153329A1 WO2019153329A1 PCT/CN2018/076445 CN2018076445W WO2019153329A1 WO 2019153329 A1 WO2019153329 A1 WO 2019153329A1 CN 2018076445 W CN2018076445 W CN 2018076445W WO 2019153329 A1 WO2019153329 A1 WO 2019153329A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/34—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
- B01D3/38—Steam distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/34—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
- B01D3/40—Extractive distillation
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of extraction, in particular to a device for preparing a liquid and a method for preparing a liquid.
- the existing liquid preparation device comprises a steam generator, a liquid storage container and a material container.
- the steam generator supplies steam to the material container through a pipeline to extract the material
- the liquid storage container also supplies a solvent to the material container through the pipeline to extract the material.
- the active ingredient in the medium Consumers are increasingly demanding these devices, especially for the efficiency of making liquids.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of liquid preparation, and to provide a device for preparing a liquid and a method for preparing a liquid.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- a device for preparing a liquid comprising a steam generator, a liquid storage container and a material container, wherein the material container is placed in the liquid storage container, the material container is provided with an opening, and the opening of the material container is used for making A chamber of the material container is in communication with a chamber of the liquid storage container, the steam generator for providing steam to the material container.
- the upper portion of the material container is provided with a shower for spraying liquid into the chamber of the material container.
- the opening is disposed in a lower portion of the material container, the lower portion including a bottom portion of the material container and a lower side portion of the material container.
- the steam generator is hermetically connected to the material container.
- a first valve is further included, the steam generator being coupled to the material container through the first valve.
- the material container is provided with a screen that is located on one side of the opening for preventing material from entering the liquid storage container.
- the liquid storage container is provided with an end cap, and an end cap of the liquid storage container is connected to a side wall of the material container to prevent steam from escaping inside the liquid storage container.
- the number of openings is one, two, three, four or more.
- the shape of the opening comprises a combination of one or more of the following: circular, rectangular, elongated, and elliptical.
- the invention also provides a method of making a liquid, the method using the apparatus described above, the method comprising the steps of: distilling the material; after the distillation is complete, soaking the material.
- the opening of the material container is in communication with the liquid storage container, that is, the material container and the liquid storage container are directly connected, and need not be connected through a pipe, thus, during distillation, nutrition
- the component is directly dissolved in the solution in the liquid storage container, and does not need to pass through the pipeline, so that the dissolution of the nutrient component is more timely and effective, thereby improving the efficiency of preparing the liquid.
- the opening of the material container is in communication with the liquid storage container.
- Figure 1 shows the structure of the apparatus for producing a liquid of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows the structure of a variant of the device of the invention
- Figure 3 shows the spray pattern of the shower of the present invention
- Figure 4 shows the structure of another variant of the device of the invention.
- Figure 5 shows the structure of a third variant of the device of the invention
- Figure 6 shows the structure of a fourth variant of the device of the invention.
- Figure 7 shows the structure of a fifth variant of the device of the invention.
- Figure 8 shows the structure of a sixth variant of the device of the invention.
- Figure 9 is a flow chart showing a method of preparing a liquid of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a flow chart showing a variation of the method of making a liquid of the present invention.
- the apparatus for preparing a liquid includes a steam generator 1, a liquid storage container 2, and a material container 3.
- the material container 3 is used to hold materials such as medicinal materials or ingredients.
- the material container 3 is placed in the liquid storage container 2, and the material container 3 is provided with an opening 301 for communicating the chamber 30 of the material container 3 with the chamber 20 of the liquid storage container 2, so that the material container 3 passes through the opening
- the 301 can carry out the transfer of substances and energy with the liquid storage container 2, including liquids, solids, and gases such as nutrients, steam, solvents, and solutions.
- the substance in the liquid storage container 2 can enter the material container 3 through the opening 301, and the substance in the material container 3 can also It enters the liquid storage container 2 through the opening 301.
- the steam generator 1 is used to supply steam to the material container 3.
- the steam generator 1 generates steam after it is operated, and the steam generator 1 delivers the steam to the material container 3 to distill the material to prepare a solution.
- One way in which the steam generator 1 supplies steam to the material container 3 is through a pipe.
- the steam generator 1 After soaking for a set period of time, the steam generator 1 begins to generate steam again, and the steam enters the material container 3 to distill the material. After the distillation is completed, the steam generator 1 stops generating steam, and the solution in the liquid storage container 2 soaks the material.
- the distillation and soaking in such a plurality of cycles such as two, three, four, five or six times, can complete the preparation of the liquid.
- step S100 is further included before step S200.
- One way of achieving the infiltration is to place the material in the material container 3, inject a solvent such as water into the liquid storage container 2, and then place the material container 3 in the liquid storage container 2, and the water in the liquid storage container 2 passes.
- the opening 301 of the material container 3 enters the material container 3 to come into contact with the material, thereby infiltrating the material.
- the opening 301 of the material container 3 is in communication with the liquid storage container 2, that is, the material container 3 and the liquid storage container 2 are directly connected, and it is not necessary.
- the nutrients are directly dissolved in the solution in the liquid storage container 2, without passing through the pipeline, so that the dissolution of nutrients is more timely and effective, thereby improving the efficiency of liquid preparation; No need for pipes, avoiding the accumulation of nutrients on the pipes and facilitating cleaning.
- the opening 301 of the material container 3 is in communication with the liquid storage container 2.
- the liquid in the liquid storage container 2 is directly flowed back into the material container 3 without passing through the pipeline. Transmission, the liquid is less resistant, the flow rate is faster, and the material is impacted and stirred more quickly, which can better dissolve nutrients, improve the nutrient content of the solution, and improve the efficiency of liquid preparation.
- the steam in the material container 3 is also directly in contact with the solution in the liquid storage container 2, which reduces energy loss, makes full use of energy, makes the temperature of the solution rise faster, and also helps to improve the efficiency of liquid preparation.
- the invention can also be implemented as follows:
- the upper portion of the material container 3 is provided with a shower 31 for spraying liquid into the chamber 30 of the material container 3.
- the sprayer 31 sprays a liquid which is advantageous for preparing a solution, such as for cooling a material or for infiltrating a material, which may be water or an essence.
- step S300 is implemented as follows:
- the material is distilled. After the distillation is carried out for a period of time, the steam generator 1 stops supplying steam to the material container 3. Since there is no air in the material container 3, all of it is steam, and at this time, the material is passed through the shower 31. The steam in the container 3 is sprayed, and the steam in the material container 3 will be rapidly cooled in a moment after encountering the spray liquid, and at the same time, the solution in the liquid storage container 2 will also be quickly returned to the material container 3, When the solution reaches the material container 3, it will produce cold boiling. When it is boiled coldly, it will produce countless small bubbles in the solution of the material container 3. These small bubbles are very small in size, due to the existence of these very small small bubbles. Therefore, these small bubbles will easily enter the inside of the material immersed in the solution, and the small bubbles entering the inside of the material will burst inside, causing the effect of tearing the material to achieve a momentary or rapid expansion of the material.
- the effect of generating cold boiling is that at the moment when the vacuum negative pressure is formed, the solution in the liquid storage container 2 is just returned to the material container 3, and at the moment of spraying, small bubbles are instantaneously generated, and then disappear instantly, and the cold boiling phenomenon occurs. End; it should be emphasized that the instant of spraying does not condense all the steam remaining in the material container 3, and will retain a part of it. It is this small part that causes the generation of small bubbles, which are not small bubbles.
- the air trapped in the liquid storage container 2 is not the air previously dissolved in the solution, and the small air bubbles are the residual steam in the material container 3.
- the spray has stopped at this time, since the negative pressure in the material container 3 is generated instantaneously, the solution in the liquid storage container 2 will continue to backflush back into the material container 3, in the process of backflow, A water column will be formed in the material container 3, and the generated water column will stir and churn the liquid retained in the material container 3, thereby impacting and tumbling the material in the material container 3 to agitate, and the rapid high pressure
- the impact type agitation is more balanced than the general agitation such as chopsticks and reamer, so as to achieve no-knife agitation of the material; plus the material has been expanded in a cold boiling for a moment, plus this rapid high-pressure impact type Stirring, the water-soluble, volatile and other nutrients in the material will dissolve.
- the steam in the distillation will slowly condense and slowly puff the material, which is the initial stage of expansion; after the material is torn and expanded by cold boiling, the material is further Fluffy, this is the second stage of expansion; plus the backflushing water column formed by the negative pressure, the material's crack will further increase, which is the third stage of expansion; after the above expansion, the material is already fluffy, the crack is enlarged And increase, it will make it easier for the solution to enter the material to dissolve the water-soluble active ingredient.
- all the solution in the material container 3 is discharged into the liquid storage container 2, and the solution in the liquid storage container 2 contains not only the volatile components in the extracted material but also the water-soluble components. .
- the preparation method can be carried out once or in a repeated process, and the material thus expanded is also very favorable for the steam to enter the material to take away the volatile components in the next distillation process, and become the mixed steam dissolved in the storage liquid. It is also very effective in extracting volatile components in the solution in the container 2.
- the shower 31 is a spray head.
- the shower 31 may be sprayed in the form of a drop umbrella type 311, a drop direct type 312, a drip type 313, and a mist 314.
- the water droplet umbrella type 311 has the best effect and the fastest speed. For water with relatively high water temperature, it can be sprayed in this way, followed by water drop straight type, mist type and dripping type. For the low water temperature, this can be used. The way to spray.
- the steam generator 1 is hermetically connected to the material container 3.
- one way for the steam generator 1 to supply steam to the material container 3 is through a pipe, in particular, the steam generator 1 is hermetically connected to the material container 3 through the first pipe 4.
- a sealing cover 33 can also be provided on the top of the material container 3, so that the material container 3 can be opened from the top, and the first pipe 4 can also be hermetically connected to the sealing cover 33, of course, also in the material container 3.
- a bottom cover (not shown) is provided at the bottom to open the material container 3 from the bottom.
- a switching valve 41 is provided on the first conduit 4.
- the steam generator 1 generates steam
- the switching valve 41 is opened, and the steam in the steam generator 1 enters the material container 3 to distill the material.
- the steam generator 1 stops generating steam, and the opening and closing valve 41 is closed, which can speed up the cooling rate of the chamber 30 of the material container 3 and generate a stronger negative pressure.
- a first valve 5 is also included, with the steam generator 1 being connected to the material container 3 via a first valve 5.
- the side wall of the steam generator 1 is attached to the side wall of the material container 3, and the first valve 5 communicates the steam generator 1 with the material container 3; with reference to Figure 4, or the first valve 5 is disposed in the steam
- the side wall of the generator 1 is between the side wall of the material container 3.
- the first valve 5 is opened and the steam in the steam generator 1 enters the material container 3 to distill the material.
- the first valve 5 is closed.
- the material container 3 is placed in the liquid storage container 2, for example, the material container 3 is placed in the liquid storage container 2 from the upper portion of the liquid storage container 2, in order to reduce the vapor inside the liquid storage container 2 from the liquid storage container
- the upper portion of 2 is drained, and the liquid storage container 2 is provided with an end cap 21, and the end cap 21 of the liquid storage container 2 is connected to the side wall of the material container 3.
- the material container 3 can also be placed in the liquid storage container 2 from the side of the liquid storage container 2, and the end cover 21 is also disposed on the side of the liquid storage container 2, which is not limited thereto.
- the opening 301 is disposed in the lower portion of the material container 3, such as at the lower side.
- the opening 301 can also be disposed at the bottom of the material container 3, so that all the liquid in the material container 3 can be discharged into the liquid storage container 2, so that the material in the distillation process is in full contact with the steam to ensure the distillation effect, and Making full use of the negative pressure in the soaking process, the solution in the liquid storage container 2 enters the material container 3 from the bottom of the material container 3, and the material is sufficiently impacted and stirred from the bottom.
- the material container 3 is provided with a screen 32 which is located on one side of the opening 301 for preventing material from entering the liquid storage container 2.
- the number of openings 301 may be plural, such as two, three, four or more, so that a plurality of high pressure water columns may be formed during the soaking process.
- the size of the opening 301 is smaller than the size of the material for blocking the material from entering the liquid storage container 2, and opening a plurality of openings 301 to form a filter net, which simplifies the structure.
- the shape of the opening 301 includes a circular shape, a rectangular shape, an elongated shape, and an elliptical shape. Specifically, it may be one of them, or a combination of two or more shapes, such as a circular hole and an elongated hole. This is limited.
- a plurality of openings 301 forming a filter are disposed at the bottom of the material container 3, and the solution in the liquid storage container 2 is in contact with the bottom of the material container 3, so that the solution in the liquid storage container 2 enters the resistance of the material container 3. Smaller, the high pressure water column is faster, further increasing the efficiency of liquid production.
- an opening 301 may be disposed at the bottom and the side of the material container 3, so that the high-pressure water column impacts and agitates the material in the material container 3 from a plurality of directions, so that the active ingredients in the material are better dissolved in the solution. in.
- the steam generator 1 can generate steam by contacting the liquid with the heating element, such as by providing the heating element 11 in the steam generator 1; it is also possible to generate steam by means of the liquid not contacting the heating element, such as by electromagnetic heating. .
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Abstract
一种制取液体的装置及制取液体的方法。该装置包括蒸汽发生器（1）、储液容器（2）和物料容器（3），物料容器（3）放置于储液容器（2）中，物料容器（3）设有开口（301），物料容器（3）的开口（301）用于使物料容器（3）的腔室（30）与储液容器（2）的腔室（20）连通，蒸汽发生器（1）用于向物料容器（3）提供蒸汽。该方法包括如下步骤：对物料进行蒸馏（S200）；蒸馏完成后，对物料进行浸泡（S300）。
Description
本发明涉及萃取领域，特别涉及一种制取液体的装置及制取液体的方法。
随着人们生活水平的提高，人们对健康养生越来越重视，用制取液体的装置来制作精华液。现有的制取液体的装置包括蒸汽发生器、储液容器和物料容器，蒸汽发生器通过管道向物料容器提供蒸汽以对物料进行萃取，储液容器也通过管道向物料容器提供溶剂以提取物料中的有效成分。消费者对上述装置的要求越来越高，特别是制取液体的效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了提高制取液体的效率，提出一种制取液体的装置及制取液体的方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种制取液体的装置，包括蒸汽发生器、储液容器和物料容器，所述物料容器放置于所述储液容器中，所述物料容器设有开口，所述物料容器的开口用于使所述物料容器的腔室与所述储液容器的腔室连通，所述蒸汽发生器用于向所述物料容器提供蒸汽。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述物料容器的上部设有喷淋器，所述喷淋器用于向所述物料容器的腔室喷淋液体。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述开口设置于所述物料容器的下部，所述下部包括所述物料容器的底部和所述物料容器的下侧部。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述蒸汽发生器与所述物料容器气密性连接。
在一些优选的实施方式中，还包括第一阀门，所述蒸汽发生器与所述物料容器通过所述第一阀门连接。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述物料容器设有滤网，所述滤网位于所述开口的一侧用于阻止物料进入所述储液容器中。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述储液容器设有端盖，所述储液容器的端盖与所述物料容器的侧壁连接以阻止所述储液容器内部的蒸汽流失。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述开口的数量为一个、两个、三个、四个或者五个以上。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述开口的形状包括如下之一种或多种的组合：圆形、矩形、长条形和椭圆形。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种制取液体的方法，所述方法使用上述的装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：对物料进行蒸馏；蒸馏完成后，对物料进行浸泡。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果有：
由于物料容器是放置在储液容器中的，物料容器的开口与储液容器是相通的，也就是说物料容器与储液容器是直接连通的，无需通过管道连接，这样，在蒸馏时，营养成分就直接溶解在储液容器中的溶液里面，不需经过管道，使得营养成分的溶解更加及时和有效，从而提高制取液体的效率。物料容器的开口与储液容器是相通的，在蒸馏的过程中物料容器的腔室产生负压时，储液容器中的液体直接倒流至物料容器中，无需经过管道传输，液体受到的阻力更小，流动的速度更快，更快速地对物料进行冲击和搅拌，可以更好地溶解营养成分，提高溶液的营养成分含量，也提高了制取液体的效率。此外，物料容器中的蒸汽也直接与储液容器中的溶液接触，减少了能量流失，充分利用了能量，使溶液的温度升得更快，也有助于提高制取液体的效率。
图1示出本发明的制取液体的装置的结构；
图2示出本发明的装置的一种变型方式的结构；
图3示出本发明的喷淋器的喷淋形式；
图4示出本发明的装置的另一种变型方式的结构；
图5示出本发明的装置的第三种变型方式的结构；
图6示出本发明的装置的第四种变型方式的结构；
图7示出本发明的装置的第五种变型方式的结构；
图8示出本发明的装置的第六种变型方式的结构；
图9示出本发明制取液体的方法的流程图；
图10示出本发明制取液体的方法的一种变型方式的流程图。
以下对本发明的实施方式作详细说明。应该强调的是，下述说明仅仅是示例性的，而不是为了限制本发明的范围及其应用。
参考图1，制取液体的装置包括蒸汽发生器1、储液容器2和物料容器3。
物料容器3用于容纳物料，比如药材或食材。物料容器3放置于储液容器2中，物料容器3设有开口301，开口301口用于使物料容器3的腔室30与储液容器2的腔室20连通，如此，物料容器3通过开口301可与储液容器2进行物质和能量的传输，物质包括液体、固体和气体，比如营养物质、蒸汽、溶剂和溶液。对于开口301的位置，只要使得储液容器2与物料容器3进行物质和能量传输即可，比如储液容器2中的物质可以通过开口301进入物料容器3中，物料容器3中的物质也可以通过开口301进入储液容器2中。
蒸汽发生器1用于向物料容器3提供蒸汽。蒸汽发生器1工作后会产生蒸汽，蒸汽发生器1将蒸汽输送到物料容器3中以对物料进行蒸馏，从而制取溶液。蒸汽发生器1向物料容器3提供蒸汽的一种方式是通过管道。
参考图1和图9，下面介绍本发明的制取液体的装置的工作过程以及制取液体的方法：
S200、对物料进行蒸馏：将物料放置于物料容器3中，然后将物料容器3放置于储液容器2中，蒸汽发生器1开始工作，产生蒸汽，这些蒸汽进入到物料容器3中对物料进行蒸馏，将营养成分从物料中带出，由于物料容器3是放置在储液容器2中的，物料容器3的开口301与储液容器2是相通的，营养成分直接溶解在储液容器2中的溶液里面，同时，蒸汽与储液容器2中的溶液接触，将热量传递给溶液，溶液的温度升高，从而使溶液更好地溶解营养成分。
S300、对物料进行浸泡：蒸馏进行一段设定的时间后，蒸汽发生器1停止产生蒸汽，物料容器3开始冷却，物料容器3中产生负压。物料容器3的开口301与储液容器2是相通的，在负压的作用下，储液容器2中的溶液快速倒流到物料容器3中，形成高压水柱，对物料进行冲击和搅拌，随后对物料进行浸泡，使物料更多的有效成分溶解在溶液里面。
浸泡进行一段设定的时间后，蒸汽发生器1再次开始产生蒸汽，蒸汽再进入到物料容器3中对物料进行蒸馏。蒸馏完成之后，蒸汽发生器1停止产生蒸汽，储液容器2中的溶液对物料进行浸泡。如此循环多次的蒸馏和浸泡，比如两次、三次、四次、五次或者六次以上，就可以完成液体的制取。当然，根据实际需要，也可以只对物料进行一次蒸馏和浸泡，本发明不以此为限。
参考图10，对于一些物料，比如中药，在步骤S200之前还包括步骤S100。
S100、对物料进行浸润：物料未蒸馏前，有些物料残留有少量的在低温下易溶于水、在高温下凝固在物料中无法分离的营养物质，比如蛋白质和淀粉，这部分物质如果不事先去除，将在后续高温蒸馏过程中凝固在物料的表面，阻碍其它营养成分的提取，事先对物料进行浸润可以将物料中该部分物质与低温的水进行接触，使这些营养物质溶解于水中，防止这部分物质影响膨化，事先将物料进行浸润可以方便物料的膨化。浸润完成后，储液容器2中的水溶解有物料的营养成分变成溶液。
浸润的一种实现方式是：将物料放置于物料容器3中，向储液容器2中注入溶剂，比如水，随后将物料容器3放置于储液容器2中，储液容器2中的水通过物料容器3的开口301进入物料容器3中与物料进行接触，从而对物料进行浸润。
根据上述可知，由于物料容器3是放置在储液容器2中的，物料容器3的开口301与储液容器2是相通的，也就是说物料容器3与储液容器2是直接连通的，无需通过管道连接，这样，在蒸馏时，营养成分就直接溶解在储液容器2中的溶液里面，不需经过管道，使得营养成分的溶解更加及时和有效，从而提高制取液体的效率；同时，无需管道，避免了营养成分堆积在管道上的情况，便于清洁。物料容器3的开口301与储液容器2是相通的，在蒸馏的过程中物料容器3的腔室30产生负压时，储液容器2中的液体直接倒流至物料容器3中，无需经过管道传输，液体受到的阻力更小，流动的速度更快，更快速地对物料进行冲击和搅拌，可以更好地溶解营养成分，提高溶液的营养成分含量，也提高了制取液体的效率。此外，物料容器3中的蒸汽也直接与储液容器2中的溶液接触，减少了能量流失，充分利用了能量，使溶液的温度升得更快，也有助于提高制取液体的效率。
本发明还可以这样实现：
参考图2，物料容器3的上部设有喷淋器31，喷淋器31用于向物料容器3的腔室30喷淋液体。喷淋器31喷淋的是有利于制取溶液的液体，比如用于对物料进行冷却或者对物料进行浸润，可以是水或者精华液。
设置了喷淋器31，步骤S300是这样实现的：
浸润完成之后开始对物料进行蒸馏，在蒸馏进行一段时间后，蒸汽发生器1停止向物料容器3提供蒸汽，由于物料容器3内已经没有空气，全部是蒸汽，此时通过喷淋器31对物料容器3内的蒸汽进行喷淋，物料容器3中的蒸汽遇到喷淋液后将在一瞬间内实现快速冷却，同时，储液容器2中的溶液也将快速地倒流至物料容器3中，当溶液到达物料容器3的一瞬间，将产生冷沸腾，冷沸腾时将在物料容器3的溶液中产生无数的小气泡，这些小气泡的尺寸非常小，由于这些非常小的小气泡的存在，所以这些小气泡将非常容易进入到浸泡在溶液中的物料内部，进入物料内部的小气泡将在其内部发生爆裂，产生对物料进行撕裂的效果，实现对物料的一瞬间或快速的膨化。
产生冷沸腾的效果是在真空负压形成的一瞬间，储液容器2中的溶液刚刚倒流至物料容器3时产生的，喷淋的这一刻，小气泡瞬间产生，随即瞬间消失，冷沸腾现象结束；应该强调的是，喷淋的瞬间并不会把物料容器3中留存的所有蒸汽都冷凝完，还将留存一部分，正是这一小部分，导致了小气泡的产生，小气泡并不是储液容器2中夹杂的空气，也不是事先溶解在溶液中的空气，小气泡是物料容器3中残留的蒸汽。在储液容器2中的溶液倒流至物料容器3中的一瞬间，残留的蒸汽将来不及扩散，便暂时留存在与其瞬间接触的溶液中，并均匀分布，数量巨大，且尺寸很小，产生的小气泡接触到溶液后，将被溶液冷凝，所以又将瞬间消失，正是这一过程对物料产生了瞬间膨化的效果。
冷沸腾后，这时喷淋已经停止了，由于物料容器3中的负压是在瞬间产生的，因此储液容器2中的溶液将继续往物料容器3中倒流反冲，倒流的过程中，将在物料容器3中形成水柱，产生的水柱将对物料容器3中留存的液体进行搅拌翻腾，从而将对物料容器3中的物料产生冲击、翻滚效果，以起到搅拌作用，这种快速高压冲击式的搅拌比一般的如筷子、铰刀等的搅拌更加均衡，实现对物料的无刀搅拌；加上物料已经在冷沸腾中实 现了一瞬间的膨化，再加上这种快速高压冲击式的搅拌，物料中的水溶性、挥发性等的营养成分将溶解出来。
在整个制取液体的过程中：蒸馏中的蒸汽遇到物料会慢慢的冷凝，慢慢地对物料进行膨化，这是初始阶段的膨化；经过冷沸腾对物料进行撕裂膨化后，物料进一步蓬松，这是第二阶段的膨化；加上由于负压形成的反冲水柱，物料的裂隙将进一步增大，这是第三阶段的膨化；经过上述膨化作用，由于物料已经蓬松，裂隙加大且增多，将更加便于溶液进入到物料内部溶取水溶性有效成分。最后浸泡后的溶液，将物料容器3中全部的溶液排入至储液容器2中，这时储液容器2中的溶液内不仅含有被提取物料中的挥发性成分，同时也含有水溶性成分。
当然，本制取方法可以是一次进行，也可以是个重复的过程，如此膨化的物料也非常有利于下一次蒸馏过程中蒸汽进入到物料内部带走挥发性成分，变成混合蒸汽溶于储液容器2中的溶液中，所以对提取挥发性成分也是非常有效的。
喷淋器31是喷头，参考图3，喷淋器31喷淋的形式可以为水滴伞式311、水滴直下式312、滴水式313和雾状314。水滴伞式311的效果最好，速度最快，对于水温比较高的水可以用这一方式进行喷淋，其次是水滴直下式、雾状和滴水式，对于水温比较小的低可以用这一方式进行喷淋。
下面对本发明的制取液体的装置作进一步说明：
为减少蒸汽流失，蒸汽发生器1与物料容器3气密性连接。参考图1，蒸汽发生器1向物料容器3提供蒸汽的一种方式是通过管道，具体的，蒸汽发生器1通过第一管道4与物料容器3气密性连接。参考图1，还可以在物料容器3的顶部设置密封盖33，这样可以从顶部打开物料容器3，第一管道4也可以与密封盖33气密性连接，当然，也可以在物料容器3的底部设置底盖(图中未示出)，从底部打开物料容器3。
参考图1，在第一管道4上设置开关阀门41。在蒸馏的过程中，蒸汽发生器1产生蒸汽，开关阀门41开启，蒸汽发生器1中的蒸汽进入物料容器3中对物料进行蒸馏。在浸泡的过程中，蒸汽发生器1停止产生蒸汽，开关阀门41关闭，可以加快物料容器3的腔室30的冷却速度以及产生更强的负压。
参考图4和图5，还包括第一阀门5，蒸汽发生器1与物料容器3通 过第一阀门5连接。参考图4，蒸汽发生器1的侧壁与物料容器3的侧壁是贴在一起，第一阀门5使蒸汽发生器1与物料容器3连通；参考图4，或者第一阀门5设置在蒸汽发生器1的侧壁与物料容器3的侧壁之间。在蒸馏的过程中，第一阀门5开启，蒸汽发生器1中的蒸汽进入物料容器3中对物料进行蒸馏。在浸泡的过程中，第一阀门5关闭。
参考图2，物料容器3是放置于储液容器2中的，比如物料容器3从储液容器2的上部放置在储液容器2中，为减阻止储液容器2内部的蒸汽从储液容器2的上部流失，储液容器2设有端盖21，储液容器2的端盖21与物料容器3的侧壁连接。当然，物料容器3还可以从储液容器2的侧部放置在储液容器2中，此时端盖21也就相应设置在储液容器2的侧部，本发明不以此为限。
参考图6，开口301设置于物料容器3的下部，比如设置在下侧部。
参考图1，开口301还可以设置于物料容器3的底部，这样可以使得物料容器3中的液体全部排出至储液容器2中，使蒸馏过程中物料与蒸汽充分接触，保证蒸馏效果，还可以充分利用浸泡过程中的负压，使储液容器2中的溶液从物料容器3的底部进入物料容器3中，从底部对物料进行充分的冲击和搅拌。
参考图7，物料容器3设有滤网32，滤网32位于开口301的一侧用于阻止物料进入储液容器2中。
开口301的数量可以设置多个，比如两个、三个、四个或者五个以上，这样可以在浸泡的过程中形成多个高压水柱。同时，开口301的尺寸小于物料的尺寸，用于阻隔物料进入储液容器2中，开设多个开口301形成过滤网，可简化结构。
开口301的形状包括圆形、矩形、长条形和椭圆形，具体可以是其中的一种，也可以是两种以上的形状的组合，比如圆形孔与长条形孔，本发明不以此为限。
参考图1，形成过滤网的多个开口301设置在物料容器3的底部，储液容器2中的溶液与物料容器3的底部接触，使得储液容器2中的溶液进入物料容器3中的阻力更小，高压水柱的速度更快，从而进一步提高制取液体的效率。
参考图8，还可以在物料容器3的底部和侧面都设置开口301，使高压水柱从多个方向对物料容器3中的物料进行冲击和搅拌，使物料中的有 效成分更好地溶解在溶液中。
参考图1，蒸汽发生器1可以通过液体与加热元件接触的方式产生蒸汽，比如在蒸汽发生器1中设置发热体11；还可以通过液体与加热元件不接触的方式产生蒸汽，比如通过电磁加热。
以上内容是结合具体/优选的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，其还可以对这些已描述的实施方式做出若干替代或变型，而这些替代或变型方式都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种制取液体的装置，包括蒸汽发生器、储液容器和物料容器，其特征在于：所述物料容器放置于所述储液容器中，所述物料容器设有开口，所述物料容器的开口用于使所述物料容器的腔室与所述储液容器的腔室连通，所述蒸汽发生器用于向所述物料容器提供蒸汽。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述物料容器的上部设有喷淋器，所述喷淋器用于向所述物料容器的腔室喷淋液体。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述开口设置于所述物料容器的下部，所述下部包括所述物料容器的底部和所述物料容器的下侧部。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述蒸汽发生器与所述物料容器气密性连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：还包括第一阀门，所述蒸汽发生器与所述物料容器通过所述第一阀门连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述物料容器设有滤网，所述滤网位于所述开口的一侧用于阻止物料进入所述储液容器中。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述储液容器设有端盖，所述储液容器的端盖与所述物料容器的侧壁连接以阻止所述储液容器内部的蒸汽流失。
- 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于：所述开口的数量为一个、两个、三个、四个或者五个以上。
- 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的装置，其特征在于：所述开口的形状包括如下之一种或多种的组合：圆形、矩形、长条形和椭圆形。
- 一种制取液体的方法，使用如权利要求1至9任一项所述的装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：对物料进行蒸馏；蒸馏完成后，对物料进行浸泡。
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