WO2019151629A1

WO2019151629A1 - Blockchain system comprising multi-blockchain structure, and method for forming blockchain in blockchain system

Info

Publication number: WO2019151629A1
Application number: PCT/KR2018/014627
Authority: WO
Inventors: 지송학
Original assignee: 지송학
Priority date: 2018-01-31
Filing date: 2018-11-26
Publication date: 2019-08-08
Also published as: KR20190093013A

Abstract

A blockchain system comprising a multi-blockchain structure, and a method for forming a blockchain in the blockchain system are provided. As a blockchain system comprising a plurality of data blocks forming a multi-blockchain structure, the blockchain system comprising a multi-blockchain structure comprises: a mother blockchain including a plurality of blocks connected from an initial block; and first and second blockchains branched from and connected to a mother block positioned at the last node of the mother blockchain, wherein a first block, which is an initial block of the first blockchain and is connected to the mother block, includes block information including a hash value of the mother block, and a second block, which is an initial block of the second blockchain and is connected to the mother block, includes block information including the hash value of the mother block.

Description

Blockchain system including multiple blockchain structure and blockchain formation method in the blockchain system

The present invention relates to a blockchain system comprising a multiple blockchain structure and a blockchain forming method in the blockchain system.

The most problem in the existing blockchain-based distributed processing system is TPS (transaction per second), that is, transaction processing speed per second. The transaction processing speed is determined by the amount of transactions included in the block in the blockchain and the block generation speed. The faster you create a block with more transactions, the faster the transaction will be processed.

Therefore, many blockchain systems attempt to increase the transaction processing speed by increasing the block size or by using a fast consensus algorithm. However, this method has its limitations.

There is a limit to increasing the amount that can be included in the block, and there is a limit to the transaction processing speed that is improved by the consensus algorithm. The time comes.

Because of this limitation of transaction processing capacity, blockchain technology has been pointed out that it is not suitable for the field that needs to process fast and large amount of transactions, which eventually faces the limitation of blockchain technology.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a block chain system including a multi-block chain structure capable of parallel processing a transaction in order to improve the transaction processing speed that is a problem in the existing single block chain structure.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for forming a blockchain in a blockchain system including a multiblockchain structure capable of parallelizing transactions in order to improve transaction processing speed, which is a problem in the existing single blockchain structure. To provide.

However, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above problems, and may be variously expanded in a range without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention.

A blockchain system including a multiblockchain structure according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is a blockchain system including a plurality of data blocks forming a multiblockchain structure, which is connected from an original block. A mother block chain comprising a plurality of blocks, and first and second block chains branched from a mother block located at the end of the mother block chain, wherein the mother block is the first block of the first block chain. The first block connected to includes block information including a hash value of the mother block, and the second block connected to the mother block while being the first block of the second block chain includes block information including a hash value of the mother block. Include.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, when there is more than a predetermined number of transactions to be processed per second in the blockchain system, the first blockchain and the second blockchain may branch in the mother blockchain.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, blocks generated in a first zone may be connected to the first block chain, and blocks generated in a second zone different from the first zone may be connected to the second block chain.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, blocks having a unique number of blockchains corresponding to the first zone are generated and connected to the first blockchain, and blockchains corresponding to the second zone are connected to the second blockchain. Blocks with a unique number may be generated and connected.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, comparing the average transaction throughput in the first zone and the second zone, the newly added node is the zone or node in which the average transaction throughput is low among the first zone and the second zone. Can be distributed to pre-designated areas.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, when the amount of transactions in the first zone or the second zone increases to be more than a predetermined number of transactions to be processed per second, the first blockchain branches or the second blockchain. This can branch.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, when the amount of transactions is reduced, the first blockchain and the second blockchain may be merged back into one blockchain so that subsequent blocks may be connected.

In a blockchain system including a multi-blockchain structure according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, a mother to create a mother blockchain comprising a plurality of blocks connected from the first block Block chain generation step, the first branch step of branching the first block chain and the second block chain from the mother block located at the end of the mother block chain when more than a predetermined number of transactions to be processed per second in the block chain system And when the amount of transactions in the first zone including the first block chain or the second zone including the second block chain increases to be greater than or equal to a predetermined number of transactions to be processed per second. Branching or second branching of the second blockchain; A first block connected to the mother block while being a block of includes block information including a hash value of the mother block, and a second block connected to the mother block while being the first block of the second block chain is a hash of the mother block. Contains block information, including values.

In some embodiments according to the present invention, if the amount of transactions is reduced, the first blockchain and the second blockchain may further comprise a blockchain joining step in which the subsequent blocks are joined by joining again into one blockchain. .

Other specific details of the invention are included in the detailed description and drawings.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve transaction processing speed, which is a problem in the existing single block chain structure.

In addition, according to the present invention can solve the problem of slowing the overall transaction processing due to the transaction processing speed in a particular zone.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the blockchain may be divided into two blocks in the mother block according to the amount of transactions per zone, or the two branched blockchains may be combined into one blockchain, the blockchain structure may be appropriately adjusted according to the amount of transactions. Can be configured.

However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and may be variously expanded within the scope without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

1 is a diagram illustrating a distributed processing system using a blockchain to which the technical spirit of the present invention can be applied.

2 and 3 are block diagrams illustrating the connection of blocks used in a blockchain system.

4 is a diagram illustrating a multiple block chain structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the blockchain branches and the blockchain extends for each zone.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a blockchain branches to form a new zone.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which branched blockchains are merged into one blockchain structure.

8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a block stores block information including a mother block hash value.

9 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a method for forming a block chain in a block chain system including a multiple block chain structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, only the present embodiments to make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully inform the person having the scope of the invention, which is defined only by the scope of the claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In this specification, the singular also includes the plural unless specifically stated otherwise in the phrase. As used herein, “comprises” and / or “comprising” refers to the presence of one or more other components, steps, operations and / or elements. Or does not exclude additions.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the present specification may be used in a sense that can be commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, terms that are defined in a commonly used dictionary are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless they are specifically defined clearly.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions of the same components are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 1, a distributed processing system 10 using a blockchain is a distributed network system including a plurality of nodes 11 to 17. The nodes 11 ˜ 17 constituting the distributed network 10 may be electronic devices having computing capability such as computers, mobile terminals, and dedicated electronic devices.

In general, the distributed network 10 may store and refer to information commonly known to all participating nodes in a connection bundle of blocks called block chains. The nodes 11 to 17 may be divided into a full node capable of communicating with each other, a full node responsible for storing, managing, and propagating a block chain, and a simple node that can simply participate in a transaction. . In the present specification, when referring to a node without further description, it often refers to a complete node that participates in a distributed network and performs an operation of generating, storing, or verifying a blockchain, but is not limited thereto.

Each block connected to the blockchain includes a transaction history, or transactions, within a certain period. The nodes can manage transactions by creating, storing or verifying a blockchain according to their respective roles.

According to an embodiment, the transaction may represent various types of transactions. In one embodiment, the transaction may correspond to a financial transaction to indicate the ownership state of the virtual currency and its variation. In another embodiment, the transaction may correspond to a physical transaction to indicate the state of ownership of the object and its variation. Nodes performing transactions in the distributed network 10 may have a private key and a public key pair with respective cryptographic associations.

Referring to FIG. 2, the block chain 20 is a kind of distributed database of one or

more blocks

210, 220, and 230 sequentially connected. The blockchain 20 is used to store and manage transaction details of users in the blockchain system, and each node participating in the network of the blockchain system generates a block and connects it to the blockchain 200. 2 illustrates a limited number of

blocks

210, 220, and 230, but the number of blocks that may be included in the block chain is not limited thereto.

Each block included in the block chain 20 may be configured to include a block header 211 and a block body 213. The block header 211 may include a hash value of the previous block 220 to indicate a connection relationship between each block. In the process of verifying that the blockchain 20 is valid, a connection relationship in the block header 211 is used. The block body 213 may include data stored and managed in the block 210, for example, a transaction list or a transaction chain.

Referring to FIG. 3, the block header 211 may include a hash 2112 and a nonce 2114 of a previous block. In addition, the block header 211 may include a root 2115 representing a hash of a transaction list in the block.

As described above, the blockchain 20 may include one or more blocks that are connected. The one or more blocks are concatenated based on the block hash value. The hash value 2112 of the previous block included in the block header 211 is the same as the current hash 2213 included in the previous block 220 as a hash value for the previous block 220. The one or more blocks are concatenated concatenated by the hash value of the previous block in each block header. Nodes participating in the distributed network verify the validity of the block based on the hash value of the previous block included in the one or more blocks, thereby preventing the malicious single node from forging or tampering with the contents of the already created block. Do.

The block body 213 may include a transaction list 2131. The transaction list 2131 is a list of blockchain based transactions. For example, the transaction list 2131 may include a record of financial transactions made in the blockchain-based financial system. The transaction list 2131 may be expressed in the form of a tree. For example, the transaction list 2131 records the amount of money transmitted from the user A to the user B in the form of a list, and the storage length in the block is the length of the transaction included in the current block. It can be increased or decreased based on the number.

The block 210 may include other information 2116 other than the information included in the block header 211 and the block body 213.

Nodes participating in the distributed network have the same block chain, and the same transaction is stored in the block. Blocks containing a list of transactions are shared across the network so that all participants can verify them.

In the multi-blockchain structure used in the blockchain system according to the present invention, the process of branching from one blockchain to two blockchains repeatedly occurs under certain conditions, and the transaction processing speed of the entire blockchain is maintained while maintaining the entire blockchain. Can improve. Specifically, when there are many nodes, the whole node is divided into two zones, each block generation node is selected among the nodes in the divided zones, and blocks are generated for each zone and connected to the blockchain, thereby creating two blocks at a time. It can be created and connected to the blockchain, which can double transaction processing speed.

In the blockchain system according to the present invention, all nodes are divided and distributed according to zones in consideration of regions, transaction amounts, types of processing history, and the like, and block generation nodes can be selected in each zone to form a multi-blockchain structure. have. Nodes divided by zones share their respective blockchains branched from one blockchain. According to this structure, the entire blockchain system can form a multiblockchain structure. Blocks created in one zone are connected to the blockchain of nodes in the zone to which the node belongs and continue to extend the blockchain structure.

Referring to FIG. 4, the multi-blockchain structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured to include a mother blockchain 100, a first blockchain 200, and a second blockchain 300.

4 illustrates a part of the entire block chain structure, and is a view for explaining the multiple block chain structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The mother block chain 100 includes a plurality of blocks connected from the first block 101. At this time, the first block chain 200 and the second block chain 300 branch from the mother block 102 located at the end of the mother block chain 100 so that subsequent blocks may be formed in the first block chain 200 or the first block chain. It is connected in series to the two block chain 300 to form a multi-block chain structure.

Here, the first block of the first block chain 200 is connected to the mother block 102, the first block of the first block chain 200 will be defined as the first block 201. Since the first block 201 is connected to the mother block 102 while including block information including the hash value of the mother block 102, the first block 201 may continue to form a block chain structure.

In addition, the first block of the second block chain 300 is also connected to the mother block 102, and the first block of the second block chain 300 will be defined as a second block 301. Like the first block 201, the second block 301 is connected to the mother block 102 while including block information including the hash value of the mother block 102, thereby continuing to form the block chain structure.

That is, according to the present invention, if the amount of transactions in a particular zone increases, so that it is not possible to maintain a predetermined level of transaction processing rate, the blockchain branches in the corresponding zone, and the blockchain branches according to the amount of transactions for each zone, thereby making Zones can be formed.

Referring to FIG. 5, a case in which the transaction throughput in the mother block chain 100 increases in the entire block chain and branches to the first block chain 200 and the second block chain 300.

The first block chain 200 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the A region in FIG. 5 are connected, and the second block chain 300 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the B region in FIG. 5 are connected.

When the blockchain is initially formed, it is formed in a single chain structure like the existing blockchain. After that, if the number of nodes and the number of transactions in the blockchain system are gradually increased to achieve a predetermined level of transaction processing rate, the entire nodes are divided into two zones, and then the transactions occurring in each zone in each zone. Only collect them and generate blocks at one node in the region, and connect the generated blocks to the blockchain corresponding to the region to form a multi-block chain structure.

The block created in this way has a blockchain unique number representing a zone of partitioned nodes. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, blocks generated in the A zone are generated to include # 29384 (which is an exemplary unique number), which is a unique number of the A zone, and according to the unique number of the A zone, It will be connected to the block chain 200.

Similarly, blocks generated in zone B are generated to include # 94837, which is a unique number of zone B (this is an exemplary unique number), and are connected to the second block chain 300 along the unique number of zone B. do.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the first block chain 200 and the second block chain 300 are generated by branching from the mother block 102, the first block 201 of the first block chain 200 and The second block 301 of the second block chain 300 is connected to one block (ie, the mother block 102) of the front end, and the first block 201 and the second block 301 are ' In the previous block information 'area, all of the block information including the hash value of the mother block 102 is equally connected to the mother block 102.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, since a blockchain is branched into two blockchains according to a transaction amount, a consensus algorithm in a multi-blockchain system is one unconditionally in one blockchain. You must use a consensus algorithm that is made by consensus only blocks of. In other words, do not create a double block.

The block chain branched into the first block chain 200 and the second block chain 300 will also generate and connect their blocks based on nodes in the region to which the block chain belongs. In this process, when new nodes are added, the average transaction throughput is calculated to allocate new nodes to the regions with lower transaction throughput, so that the blockchains divided by zones can have relatively even transaction throughput, Depending on the location, it may be allocated to a predetermined area.

Referring to FIG. 6, transaction throughput in the mother blockchain 100 is increased in the entire blockchain to branch to the first blockchain 200 and the second blockchain 300, and the second blockchain 300 is The case of branching back to the third block chain 400 and the fourth block chain 500 is illustrated.

The first block chain 200 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the A region in FIG. 6 are connected, and the second block chain 300 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the B region in FIG. 6 are connected. At this time, when the transaction throughput increases in the zone B to exceed the predetermined predetermined transaction throughput, the second block chain 300 branches back to the third block chain 400 and the fourth block chain 500. do.

The third block chain 400 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the region B-1 in FIG. 6 are connected, and the fourth block chain 500 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the region B-2 in FIG. 6 are connected. to be. At this time, the branched block chains, such as the first block chain 200, the second block chain 300, the third block chain 400, the fourth block chain 500, and the like, have unique block chain numbers corresponding to respective zones. Will have In addition, blocks generated in each zone may be generated by including a blockchain unique number corresponding to the corresponding zone, and these blocks may be connected to a block chain corresponding to the corresponding zone.

In FIG. 6, for example, blocks generated in Zone A are generated to include blockchain ID # 29384, blocks generated in Zone B-1 are generated to include blockchain ID # 83743, and B-2. Blocks created in the zone are shown to be generated to include the blockchain identification # 74832.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which branched blockchains are merged into one blockchain structure. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a block stores a mother block hash value.

Referring to FIG. 7, when the amount of transactions decreases, the third block chain 400 and the fourth block chain 500 may be combined again into one block chain so that subsequent blocks may be connected.

Within each zone, transaction throughput may increase or decrease, although a decrease in transaction throughput does not affect transaction throughput, but may affect the security of the blockchain. When decreasing below, two blockchains can be put back together so that subsequent blocks can be connected.

Since the blockchain is always merged into two, the two blockchains are merged into one, so in case of such a situation, two block information including the hash value of the mother block can be stored in the blocks.

As shown in FIG. 8, for example, in the mother block information_1, block information including a hash value of the previous block is always stored, and in the mother block information_2, another block chain combined when two block chains are combined into one. Block information, including the hash value of the preceding block, may be stored. Unless combined into one, a block may be generated, usually left blank in the mother block information_2.

Referring to FIG. 9, a block chain forming method in a block chain system including a multi-block chain structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may first include a mother block chain 100 including a plurality of blocks connected from an original block. It generates (S100). The mother block chain 100 is first generated is formed in a single chain structure like the existing block chain structure.

In the blockchain system, when the transaction throughput becomes a predetermined level or more, the first blockchain 200 and the second blockchain 300 are located from the mother block 102 located at the end of the mother blockchain 100. This branching (S110).

The first block of the branched first block chain 200 is connected to the mother block 102, which is created to contain block information, including the hash value of the mother block 102, so that the first block chain ( 200).

Similarly, the first block of the branched second block chain 300 is connected to the mother block 102, which is created to contain block information including the hash value of the mother block 102 and thus the second block. Is connected to the chain 300.

In this case, the first block chain 200 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the first zone are connected, and the second block chain 300 is a block chain to which blocks generated in the second zone are connected. The first zone and the second zone have different zones as a collection of nodes. In the present invention, by comparing the average transaction throughput in the first zone and the second zone, the newly added node is distributed among the zones with the lowest average transaction throughput among the first zone and the second zone, so that the transaction throughput is substantially equal for each zone. Can be distributed or allocated to a predetermined area depending on the nature or location of the node.

In addition, blocks having a unique block chain number corresponding to the first zone are generated and connected to the first block chain 200, and blocks corresponding to the second zone are generated and connected to the second block chain 300. This tells us which zone the block was created from.

When the amount of transactions increases in the first zone including the first block chain 200 or the second zone including the second block chain 300 to reach a predetermined transaction level reference rate, The first block chain 200 may branch again or the second block chain may branch again (S120).

In addition, when the amount of transactions decreases in certain zones as necessary, the first block chain 200 and the second block chain 300 may be combined again into one block chain so that subsequent blocks may be connected. This does not affect the transaction processing speed, although the decrease in the amount of transactions does not affect the processing speed of the transaction, but if the amount of transactions decreases below a predetermined level, the two branched blockchains can be reused. Can be combined into a blockchain.

It is to be understood that the foregoing embodiments are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the claims that follow, rather than the foregoing detailed description. And it is to be construed that all changes and modifications derived from the equivalent concept as well as the meaning and scope of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention.

[Description of the code]

100: mother block chain

102: mother block

200: first block chain

201: first block

300: second block chain

301: second block

400: third blockchain

500: fourth blockchain

Claims

A block chain system comprising a plurality of data blocks forming a multiple block chain structure,

A mother block chain comprising a plurality of blocks connected from an original block; And

And first and second block chains branched from and connected to the mother block located at the end of the mother block chain.

The first block of the first block chain and connected to the mother block includes block information including a hash value of the mother block,

A second block coupled to the mother block, the first block of the second block chain, comprising a block information including a hash value of the mother block.
The method of claim 1,

And a multi-block chain structure in which the first block chain and the second block chain branch in the mother block chain when the block chain system exceeds a predetermined transaction throughput.
The method of claim 2,

A block chain system including a multi-block chain structure, in which blocks generated in a first zone are connected to the first block chain, and blocks generated in a second zone different from the first zone are connected to the second block chain. .
The method of claim 3, wherein

Blocks having a unique blockchain number corresponding to the first zone are generated and connected to the first blockchain,

And a block structure having a multi-block chain structure in which the blocks having a unique number of block chains corresponding to the second zone are generated and connected to the second block chain.
The method of claim 3, wherein

Comparing the average transaction throughput in the first zone and the second zone, the newly added node is allocated to the zone having the lowest average transaction throughput among the first zone and the second zone, or in advance according to the characteristics or location of the node. A blockchain system that includes multiple blockchain structures, allocated to designated areas.
The method of claim 3, wherein

A block chain comprising a multi-blockchain structure, in which the first blockchain branches or the second blockchain branches when the amount of transactions in the first zone or the second zone increases to become more than a predetermined transaction throughput. system.
The method of claim 1,

If the amount of transactions is reduced, the first blockchain and the second blockchain are again merged into one blockchain so that subsequent blocks are connected.
A blockchain formation method in a blockchain system including a multiple blockchain structure, the method comprising:

A mother block chain generation step of generating a mother block chain including a plurality of blocks connected from an original block;

A first branching step of branching the first block chain and the second block chain from the mother block located at the end of the mother block chain when the block chain system becomes more than a predetermined transaction throughput; And

When the amount of transactions increases in the first zone including the first block chain or the second zone including the second block chain, such that the amount of the transaction is greater than or equal to a predetermined transaction throughput, the first block chain branches or the second block. A second branching step in which the chain branches;

The first block of the first block chain and connected to the mother block includes block information including a hash value of the mother block,

And a second block connected to the mother block and the first block of the second block chain includes block information including a hash value of the mother block.
The method of claim 8,

A block chain system including a multi-block chain structure, in which blocks generated in a first zone are connected to the first block chain, and blocks generated in a second zone different from the first zone are connected to the second block chain. Of blockchain formation in the world.
The method of claim 9,

Blocks having a unique blockchain number corresponding to the first zone are generated and connected to the first blockchain,

The block chain forming method of claim 2, wherein the second block chain comprises a block having a block chain unique number corresponding to the second zone is generated and connected.
The method of claim 9,

Comparing the average transaction throughput in the first zone and the second zone, the newly added node is allocated to the zone having the lowest average transaction throughput among the first zone and the second zone, or in advance according to the characteristics or location of the node. A method for forming a blockchain in a blockchain system comprising multiple blockchain structures, distributed to designated areas.
The method of claim 8

If the amount of transactions is reduced, the first blockchain and the second blockchain further comprise a blockchain joining step in which the subsequent blocks are joined by joining together into one blockchain again; Blockchain formation in the world.