WO2019149048A1 - 一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统 - Google Patents

一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019149048A1
WO2019149048A1 PCT/CN2019/071504 CN2019071504W WO2019149048A1 WO 2019149048 A1 WO2019149048 A1 WO 2019149048A1 CN 2019071504 W CN2019071504 W CN 2019071504W WO 2019149048 A1 WO2019149048 A1 WO 2019149048A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotating shaft
traction rope
slewing
base
link
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PCT/CN2019/071504
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
包卫明
郭新明
杨科亚
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上海施步新能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 上海施步新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海施步新能源科技有限公司
Publication of WO2019149048A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019149048A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of structural improvement of a solar tracking system, in particular to a slewing system and a solar tracking system.
  • the angle of the photovoltaic panel, in the commonly used push-rod single-axis linkage system, the thrust applied by the steering mechanism to the photovoltaic module is always horizontal, at a certain angle with the swing arm, so that the effective arm of the system is lowered, and each sub-tracking mechanism
  • the rigid connection between the two reduces the maintenance performance of the system and the wind resistance of the system is poor.
  • the Applicant is directed to providing a new type of swing system and solar tracking system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a slewing system and a solar tracking system.
  • the slewing system can improve the effective arm force, improve the maintenance performance of the system, and make the system have strong wind resistance.
  • a slewing system includes a plurality of slewing mechanisms; the slewing mechanism includes: a pedestal; a plane bracket fixedly disposed on the pedestal, the outer periphery of the plane bracket has a plurality of winding pulleys and a pair of diverting pulleys; a traction rope wound around a winding pulley on the planar support and steered at the diverting pulley; a rotating shaft hinged to the base for fixing a load, and the rotating shaft and the planar bracket a plane perpendicular to the plane, a plurality of the winding pulleys are equal to a distance from a rotation center of the rotating shaft; a swing arm having a first end connected to the traction rope and a second end connected to the rotating shaft; adjacent to the The input end and the output end of the traction rope of the slewing mechanism are connected, and the traction ropes of the plurality of slewing mechanisms are connected to form an annular structure; the slewing system further includes
  • the rotating shaft is disposed obliquely with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the base comprises a pair of support rods and a base, a pair of the support rods are inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and one end of the pair of support rods is connected to form a ⁇ -shaped structure, the tip end of the ⁇ -shaped structure
  • a mounting portion is respectively disposed on the base and the base; the rotating shaft is fixed by the mounting portion on the ⁇ -shaped structure and the mounting portion on the base.
  • the plane support comprises a first link, a second link and a third link, and a middle portion of the second link is fixedly disposed on a pair of the support bars, the first link One end is fixedly disposed on one of the support rods, the second end is fixedly disposed at the first end of the second link, and the first end of the third link is fixedly disposed on the other of the support rods The second end is fixedly disposed at the second end of the second link.
  • the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged.
  • the base includes at least two support rods, and the support rod is provided with a mounting portion for mounting the rotating shaft, the support rod vertically supports the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is hinged with the mounting portion;
  • the base includes at least two pairs of support rods, each pair of support rods forming a ⁇ -shaped structure, and a tip portion of the ⁇ -shaped structure is provided with a mounting portion for mounting the rotating shaft, and the ⁇ -shaped structure is vertically supported The rotating shaft is hinged to the mounting portion.
  • the base comprises a hinged end and a fixed end, the hinged end is hinged with the rotating shaft, the fixed end is for contacting the ground, and the fixed end is provided with a guiding wheel, the rotating of the first side A traction rope between the input end of the traction rope and the output end of the slewing mechanism on the second side is tensioned by the guide wheel.
  • the traction rope is a wire rope, a nylon rope, a belt, a timing belt or a chain.
  • a solar energy tracking system comprising: the above-mentioned slewing system and a plurality of photovoltaic modules or photothermal components, the photovoltaic components or photothermal components being fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft.
  • the slewing system of the present invention is provided with a plurality of slewing mechanisms, and the plurality of slewing mechanisms use the same traction rope. Therefore, only one input shaft is required to drive the traction ropes in all the slewing mechanisms, thereby simplifying the system structure.
  • the slewing mechanism of the present invention uses the traction rope to drive the swing arm to rotate, so that the force of the swing arm can always be kept perpendicular to the swing arm, thereby improving the efficiency of the swing system, reducing the energy consumption, and pulling between the plurality of slewing mechanisms.
  • the flexible linkage of the rope combined with the multi-point fitting rotary technology, improves the maintenance performance of the system and ensures the superior performance of the system.
  • the slewing system of the present invention tilts the rotating shaft, and the slewing system is particularly suitable for solar tracking systems in the middle and high latitude regions, and can achieve high working efficiency.
  • the slewing system of the present invention sets the rotating shaft horizontally, and the slewing system is particularly suitable for a solar tracking system in a low latitude region, which has a low structural cost and high system working efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a swing mechanism of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another structure of the swing mechanism shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the swing mechanism of the present invention.
  • FIG 4 is a partial structural schematic view of the swing mechanism shown in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing another structure of the swing mechanism shown in Fig. 3.
  • Slewing mechanism 100 base 110, support rod 111, base 112, plane bracket 120, winding pulley 121, diverting pulley 122, rotating shaft 130, swing arm 140, traction rope 200, input shaft 300, tensioning structure 400, photovoltaic assembly 500.
  • this embodiment discloses a swing system including a plurality of swing mechanisms 100.
  • the slewing mechanism 100 includes a base 110, a plane bracket 120, a traction rope 200, a rotating shaft 130 and a swing arm 140.
  • the plane bracket 120 is fixedly disposed on the base 110.
  • the outer circumference of the plane bracket 120 has a plurality of winding pulleys and a diverting pulley, and traction
  • the rope 200 is wound around the diverting pulley and the winding pulley of the plane bracket 120; the rotating shaft 130 is hinged with the base 110, the rotating shaft 130 is used for fixing the load, and the rotating shaft 130 is perpendicular to the plane of the plane bracket 120, and the plurality of winding pulleys 121 are spaced apart.
  • the rotation center distance of the rotating shaft 130 is equal; the first end of the swing arm 140 is connected to the traction rope 200, and the second end thereof is connected to the rotating shaft 130.
  • the input end and the output end of the traction rope of the adjacent slewing mechanism are connected after being turned by the diverting pulley, and the traction ropes of the plurality of slewing mechanisms are connected to form an annular structure.
  • the slewing system further includes an input shaft 300.
  • the input shaft 300 tensions the traction rope 200 and drives the traction rope 200 to slide along the winding pulley of the plane bracket 120 and the diverting pulley.
  • the traction rope 200 drives the swing arm 140 to rotate, and the swing arm 140 drives the corresponding The rotating shaft 130 rotates.
  • the input shaft is coupled to the worm shaft of a worm gear reducer.
  • the traction rope linkage mode in the specific embodiment improves the effective force arm of the system, improves the maintenance performance of the system, and can effectively resist bad weather such as high winds.
  • the rotating shaft 130 is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane
  • the base 110 includes a pair of supporting rods and a base 112.
  • the pair of supporting rods are inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and one end of the pair of supporting rods is connected to form a ⁇ -shaped structure.
  • a mounting portion is respectively disposed at the tip end of the ⁇ -shaped structure and the base 112; the rotating shaft 130 is fixed by the mounting portion at the tip end of the ⁇ -shaped structure and the mounting portion on the base 112, and the pair of supporting rods and the rotating shaft 130 form a similar
  • the end of the rotating shaft may be located at the tip of the triangular pyramid structure, or may be beyond the tip of the triangular pyramid structure, and the base of the structure has higher stability and can be more effectively Resist the severe weather such as storms and storms.
  • the plane bracket includes a first link, a second link, and a third link, and the middle portion of the second link is fixedly disposed on a pair of support rods, and the first end of the first link is fixedly disposed In one of the support rods, the second end is fixedly disposed at the first end of the second link, the first end of the third link is fixedly disposed on the other support rod, and the second end is fixedly disposed on the second link Second end.
  • the mounting portion formed by the top of the pair of support rods is the hinge end of the base, and the bottom of the support rod 111 is the fixed end of the base (ie, the lower end of the support rod 111 shown in FIG. 1), and the lower end of the fixed end is further
  • the structure is similar to the base 112, and the fixed end is fixed on the ground through the base.
  • the function of the base is mainly to make the support rod 111 more stable on the ground, and the fixed end is provided with a guide wheel (not shown) Shown, between the input end of the traction rope in the slewing mechanism of the first side (and the right side shown in Figure 1) and the output of the slewing mechanism of the second side (and the left side shown in Figure 1) The traction rope is guided and tensioned by the guide wheels.
  • a limiting structure (not shown) is disposed at the input end and the output end of the plane bracket of the slewing mechanism, and the limiting structure can be integrally formed with the steering pulley for steering the traction rope, or can be separately set.
  • the function of the limiting structure is to block the swing arm and prevent the swing arm from sliding off the plane bracket along with the traction rope.
  • the control system will further control the operation of the traction rope by controlling the operation of the input shaft to slide back and forth within a certain range, so that the swing arm swings within a predetermined range, and therefore, in other specific
  • the limit structure can be selectively set.
  • the traction rope in the embodiment is specifically selected from a steel wire rope.
  • the traction rope may also be selected from other rope-like structures such as a nylon rope, a belt, a timing belt or a chain.
  • the embodiment further discloses a solar energy tracking system, comprising the above-mentioned slewing system and a plurality of photovoltaic modules 500.
  • the photovoltaic module 500 is fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft 130, and the photovoltaic module 500 is in one-to-one correspondence with the rotating shaft 130.
  • the rotating shaft is tilted and the photovoltaic module is tilted. This system is especially suitable for medium and high latitude regions, and can achieve high system efficiency.
  • the photovoltaic component can also be replaced with a photothermal component.
  • the slewing mechanism 100 drives the traction rope 200 through the input shaft, the traction rope 200 drives the swing arm 140 to rotate, and the swing arm 140 further drives the rotation shaft 130 to rotate, so that the swing arm 140 can be subjected to the force always Vertically with the swing arm 140, thereby increasing the effective arm force of the system, the plurality of swing mechanisms 100 are flexibly linked by the traction rope 200, thereby improving the maintenance performance of the system, and only one input shaft 300 is required in the entire system to drive the entire system.
  • the operation is simple, the control system is simple, and the system structure is simple.
  • the base includes a support rod and a base, and one end of the support rod and the base are respectively provided with a mounting portion, and the rotating shaft is fixed by the mounting portion on the support rod and the mounting portion on the base, the support rod and the rotating shaft Forming a ⁇ -shaped structure, the connection between the support rod and the rotating shaft is located at the tip end of the ⁇ -shaped structure, of course, the end of the rotating shaft may be located at the tip end of the ⁇ -shaped structure and may also protrude from the tip end of the ⁇ -shaped structure At the office.
  • the diameter of the support rods constituting the pedestal in the present embodiment is larger.
  • the support rod can also vertically support the rotating shaft; the specific structure of the base can also be adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be enumerated here.
  • the embodiment further discloses a solar energy tracking system, comprising the above-mentioned slewing system and a plurality of photovoltaic components, the photovoltaic components are fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft, and the photovoltaic components are in one-to-one correspondence with the rotating shaft.
  • the tilting of the rotating shaft and the tilting of the photovoltaic module are particularly suitable for the middle and high latitude regions, and high system efficiency can be achieved.
  • the photovoltaic component can also be replaced with a photothermal component.
  • the slewing system in this embodiment can also be applied to tracking systems in other fields.
  • This embodiment discloses another specific embodiment of the slewing system, and the structure thereof is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the arrangement of the rotating shaft in the two embodiments, the specific structure of the pedestal and the plane bracket are The specific structure is different.
  • the rotating shaft 130 is horizontally disposed
  • the base 110 includes a pair of support rods 111 vertically disposed with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • Each of the pair of support rods 111 is provided with a mounting portion,
  • the support rod 111 vertically supports the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is hinged with the mounting portion on the support rod.
  • a base is arranged at the bottom of the support column, the area of the base contacting the ground is larger than the area of the bottom surface of the support column, and the support column is fixed on the ground through the base .
  • the plane bracket includes a long connecting rod and a short connecting rod.
  • the two connecting rods are arranged in parallel on one of the supporting rods, and the long connecting rod is disposed near the rotating shaft, and the two connecting rods are arranged.
  • the ends are provided with a winding pulley and a diverting pulley for winding the traction rope, and a steering wheel for the traction rope is respectively arranged at both ends of the long connecting rod, thereby facilitating the connection of the traction rope in the adjacent rotating mechanism. .
  • the support rods in the leftmost and rightmost swing mechanisms are respectively provided with a strut extending outwardly, and the end of the strut is provided for the passage of the traction rope.
  • the support rods in the base can also be set to three, four or more, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment further discloses a solar energy tracking system, comprising the above-mentioned slewing system and a plurality of photovoltaic modules 500.
  • the photovoltaic module 500 is fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft 130, and the photovoltaic module 500 is in one-to-one correspondence with the rotating shaft 130.
  • the solar tracking system in this embodiment is particularly suitable for low latitude areas, and has low manufacturing cost and high system working efficiency.
  • the embodiment also discloses a photothermal tracking system, which has the same structure as the solar tracking system, and only needs to replace the photovoltaic module with the photothermal component.
  • the slewing system in this embodiment can also be applied to tracking systems in other fields.
  • This embodiment discloses another specific embodiment of the slewing system, and the structure thereof is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the specific structure of the pedestal in the two embodiments is different and the arrangement of the rotating shaft is different.
  • the rotating shaft is horizontally disposed
  • the base includes two pairs of supporting rods, and the two pairs of supporting rods are respectively disposed at two ends of the rotating shaft.
  • One end of each pair of support rods is connected to form a ⁇ -shaped structure, and a tip portion of the ⁇ -shaped structure is provided with a mounting portion, and the ⁇ -shaped structure vertically supports the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is hinged with the mounting portion.
  • the support structure formed by the support rod in the embodiment has better support effect, and the diameter of the support rod can be compared in this embodiment. small.
  • three, four or more pairs of support rods may be provided to support the rotating shaft.
  • the embodiment further discloses a solar energy tracking system, comprising the above-mentioned slewing system and a plurality of photovoltaic components, the photovoltaic components are fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft, and the photovoltaic components are in one-to-one correspondence with the rotating shaft.
  • the solar tracking system in this embodiment is particularly suitable for low latitude areas, and has low manufacturing cost and high system working efficiency.
  • the embodiment also discloses a photothermal tracking system, which has the same structure as the solar tracking system, and only needs to replace the photovoltaic module with the photothermal component.
  • the slewing system in this embodiment can also be applied to tracking systems in other fields.

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Abstract

一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统，回转系统包括多个回转机构（100）；回转机构（100）包括：基座（110）；平面支架（120），固定设置在基座（110）上，平面支架（120）的外周具有绕线滑轮和转向滑轮；牵引绳（200），绕设在平面支架（120）的绕线滑轮（121）和转向滑轮（122）上；转轴（130），与基座（110）铰接；摆臂（140），其第一端与牵引绳（200）连接，其第二端与转轴（130）连接；相邻回转机构（100）的牵引绳（200）的输入端和输出端连接，且多个回转机构（100）的牵引绳（200）相连形成一环形结构；回转系统还包括一输入轴（300），输入轴（300）张紧牵引绳（200）并带动牵引绳（200）沿着平面支架（120）的绕线滑轮（121）和转向滑轮（122）滑动，牵引绳（200）带动摆臂（140）转动，摆臂（140）带动转轴（130）转动。该回转系统使光伏、光热跟踪系统具有较高保持性能，从而有效抵御大风等恶劣天气。

Description

一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能跟踪系统的结构改进技术领域，尤指一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统。
背景技术
传统的燃料能源正在一天天减少，并且其对环境造成的危害日益突出，这大大促进了可再生能源的使用和发展，人类希望可再生能源能够改变能源结构，维持长远的可持续发展。在众多可再生能源中太阳能以其独有的优势而成为人们重视的焦点。丰富的太阳辐射能是重要的能源，是取之不尽、用之不竭的、无污染、廉价、人类能够自由利用的能源。
现有技术中，为了提高太阳能的转化率，出现了太阳能跟踪系统，目的是通过跟踪太阳光的照射角度，提高太阳能的转化率。但是，在每个太阳能光伏上设置带有驱动的转向机构，耗材太大，成本较高，于是出现了联动式太阳能跟踪系统，各个太阳能跟踪系统通过一联动结构连接，通过联动结构调整多个太阳能光伏板的角度，常用的推杆式单轴联动系统中，转向机构施加给光伏组件的推力始终为水平方向，与摆臂成一定夹角，使得系统有效力臂降低，并且各个子跟踪机构之间的刚性连接降低了系统的保持性能，系统的抗风性能较差。
因此，本申请人致力于提供一种新型的回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统，回转系统可以提高有效臂力，提高系统的保持性能，使系统具有较强的抗风性能。
本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种回转系统，包括多个回转机构；所述回转机构包括：基座；平面支架，固定设置在所述基座上，所述平面支架的外周具有多个绕线滑轮和一对转向滑轮；牵引绳，绕设在所述平面支架的上的绕线滑轮上，且在所述转向滑轮处转向；转轴，与所述基座铰接，用于固定负载，且所述转轴与所述平面支架所在平面垂直，多个所述绕线滑轮距离所述转轴的旋转中心距离均相等；摆臂，其第一端与所述牵引绳连接，其第二端与所述转轴连接；相邻所述回转机构的牵引绳的输入端和输出端连接，且多个所述回转机构的牵引绳相连形成一环形结构；所述回转系统还包括一输入轴，所述输入轴张紧所述牵引绳并带动所述牵引绳沿着所述平面支架的上的绕线滑轮和转向滑轮滑动，所述牵引绳带动所述摆臂转动，所述摆臂带动所述转轴转动；所述输入轴与一蜗轮蜗杆减速机的蜗轮轴连接。
优选地，所述转轴相对于水平面倾斜设置。
优选地，所述基座包括一对支撑杆和一底座，一对所述支撑杆相对于水平面倾斜设置，一对所述支撑杆的一端连接形成一Λ型结构，所述Λ型结构的尖端处及所述底座上分别设有一安装部；所述转轴通过所述Λ型结构上的安装部及所述底座上的安装部固定。
优选地，所述平面支架包括第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆，所述第二连杆的中段固定设置在一对所述支撑杆上，所述第一连杆的第一端固定设置在其中一个所述支撑杆上，第二端固定设置在所述第二连杆的第一端，所述第三连杆的第一端固定设置在另一个所述支撑杆上，第二端固定设置在所述第二连杆的第二端。
优选地，所述转轴水平设置。
优选地，所述基座包括至少两个支撑杆，所述支撑杆上设有用于安装所述转轴的安装部，所述支撑杆垂直支撑所述转轴，所述转轴与所述安装部铰接； 或；所述基座包括至少两对支撑杆，每对支撑杆形成一Λ型结构，所述Λ型结构的尖端处设有一用于安装所述转轴的安装部，所述Λ型结构垂直支撑所述转轴，所述转轴与所述安装部铰接。
优选地，所述基座包括铰接端和固定端，所述铰接端与所述转轴铰接，所述固定端用于接触地面，所述固定端处设有导向轮，第一侧的所述回转机构中牵引绳的输入端与第二侧的所述回转机构的输出端之间的牵引绳通过所述导向轮张紧。
优选地，所述牵引绳为钢丝绳、尼龙绳、皮带、同步带或链条。
一种太阳能跟踪系统，包括：上述回转系统及多个光伏组件或光热组件，所述光伏组件或光热组件固定设置在所述转轴上。
本发明提供的一种回转系统及太阳能跟踪系统能够带来以下至少一种有益效果：
1、本发明中的回转系统中设有多个回转机构，且多个回转机构使用同一牵引绳，因此，只需要设置一个输入轴就可以带动全部回转机构中的牵引绳，简化了系统结构，另外本发明中的回转机构采用牵引绳带动摆臂转动，使摆臂的受力始终可以保持与摆臂垂直，从而提高了回转系统的效率，降低了能耗，多个回转机构之间通过牵引绳进行柔性联动，结合多点拟合回转技术，提高了系统的保持性能，保证了系统的优越性能。
2、本发明中的回转系统将转轴倾斜设置，该回转系统尤其适用于中高纬度地区的太阳能跟踪系统，可以实现较高的工作效率。
3、本发明中的回转系统将转轴水平设置，该回转系统尤其适用于低纬度地区的太阳能跟踪系统，这种结构成本较低，且系统工作效率高。
附图说明
下面将以明确易懂的方式，结合附图说明优选实施方式，对本发明的上述 特性、技术特征、优点及其实现方式予以进一步说明。
图1是本发明的回转机构的一种具体实施例的结构示意图；
图2是图1中所述的回转机构的另一结构示意图；
图3是本发明的回转机构的另一种具体实施例的结构示意图；
图4是图3中所示的回转机构的局部结构示意图；
图5是图3中所示的回转机构的另一结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
回转机构100，基座110，支撑杆111，底座112，平面支架120，绕线滑轮121，转向滑轮122，转轴130，摆臂140，牵引绳200，输入轴300，张紧结构400，光伏组件500。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，并获得其他的实施方式。为使图面简洁，各图中的只示意性地表示出了与本发明相关的部分，它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。
具体实施例一
如图1和图2所示，本具体实施例公开了一种回转系统，包括多个回转机构100。回转机构100包括基座110、平面支架120、牵引绳200、转轴130和摆臂140，平面支架120固定设置在基座110上，平面支架120的外周具有多个绕线滑轮和转向滑轮，牵引绳200绕设在平面支架120的转向滑轮和绕线滑轮上；转轴130与基座110铰接，转轴130用于固定负载，且转轴130与平面支架120所在平面垂直，多个绕线滑轮121距离转轴130的旋转中心距离均相 等；摆臂140的其第一端与牵引绳200连接，其第二端与转轴130连接。相邻回转机构的牵引绳的输入端和输出端通过转向滑轮转向后相连接，且多个回转机构的牵引绳相连形成一环形结构。回转系统还包括一输入轴300，输入轴300张紧牵引绳200并带动牵引绳200沿着平面支架120的绕线滑轮和转向滑轮滑动，牵引绳200带动摆臂140转动，摆臂140带动相应的转轴130转动。输入轴与一蜗轮蜗杆减速机的蜗轮轴连接。相比于连杆的联动方式，本具体实施例中的牵引绳联动方式提高了系统的有效力臂，提高了系统的保持性能，可以有效抵御大风等恶劣天气。
在本具体实施例中，转轴130相对于水平面倾斜设置，基座110包括一对支撑杆和一底座112，一对支撑杆相对于水平面倾斜设置，一对支撑杆的一端连接形成一Λ型结构，Λ型结构的尖端处及底座112上分别设有一安装部；转轴130通过Λ型结构的尖端处的安装部铰接及底座112上的安装部固定，一对支撑杆与转轴130共同形成一个类似于三棱锥的结构，其中，转轴的端部可以位于三棱锥结构的尖部，也可以超出于该三棱锥结构的尖部，这种结构的基座具有较高的稳定性，可以更加有效地抵御暴风暴雨等恶劣天气。
在本具体实施例中，平面支架包括第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆，第二连杆的中段固定设置在一对支撑杆连接，第一连杆的第一端固定设置在其中一个支撑杆上，第二端固定设置在第二连杆的第一端，第三连杆的第一端固定设置在另一个支撑杆上，第二端固定设置在第二连杆的第二端。
具体的，一对支撑杆的顶部形成的安装部为基座的铰接端，支撑杆111的底部为基座的固定端(即图1中所示的支撑杆111的下端)，固定端的下方还设有一类似于底座112的结构，固定端通过该底座固定在地面上，这里设置底座的作用主要是使支撑杆111在地面上的安装更为稳固，固定端处设有导向轮(图中未示出)，第一侧(及图1中所示的右侧)的回转机构中牵引绳的输入端与第二侧(及图1中所示的左侧)的回转机构的输出端之间的牵引绳通过导向轮 进行导向和张紧。
另外，在回转机构的平面支架的输入端和输出端处各设有一限位结构(图中未示出)，该限位结构可以与用于牵引绳转向的转向滑轮一体成型，也可以分别设置。该限位结构的作用的是对摆臂进行阻挡，避免摆臂随牵引绳一起滑离平面支架。当然，在进行具体实施时，控制系统会通过控制输入轴的运行，进一步控制牵引绳的运行，使其在一定范围内来回滑动，从而使摆臂在预定的范围内摆动，因此，在其他具体实施例中，限位结构可以选择性设置。
具体的，本实施例中的牵引绳具体选用钢丝绳，当然，在其他具体实施例中，牵引绳还可以选用尼龙绳、皮带、同步带或链条等其他绳状结构。
本具体实施例还公开了一种太阳能跟踪系统，包括上述回转系统及多个光伏组件500，光伏组件500固定设置在转轴130上，且光伏组件500与转轴130一一对应。本具体实施例中的太阳能跟踪系统中的转轴倾斜设置，光伏组件倾斜设置，这种系统尤其适用于中高纬度地区，可以实现较高的系统效率。
当然，在太阳能跟踪系统的其他实施例中，光伏组件还可以替换为光热组件。
本具体实施例中的回转系统中回转机构100通过输入轴带动牵引绳200运行，牵引绳200带动摆臂140转动，摆臂140进一步带动转轴130转动，这样可以使摆臂140受到的作用力始终与摆臂140垂直，从而提高了系统的有效臂力，多个回转机构100通过牵引绳200柔性联动，提高了系统的保持性能，并且，整个系统中仅需要设置一个输入轴300就可以带动整个系统的运行，控制方式简单，系统结构简单。
具体实施例二
本具体实施例公开了回转系统的另外一种具体实施例，其结构与实施例一基本相同，转轴也是相对于水平面倾斜设置，不同之处在于，两个实施例中的基座的具体结构不同。在本具体实施例中，基座包括一支撑杆和一底座，支撑 杆的一端及底座上分别设有一安装部，转轴通过支撑杆上的安装部及底座上的安装部固定，支撑杆和转轴形成一Λ型结构，所述支撑杆和转轴的连接处位于该Λ型结构的尖端处，当然，转轴的端部可以位于该Λ型结构的尖端处还可以伸出于该Λ型结构的尖端处。
相比于实施例一，为了保证基座的稳定性，本具体实施例中组成基座的支撑杆的直径要大一些。当然了，在其他具体实施例中，支撑杆还可以竖直支撑转轴；基座的具体结构还可以根据实际需要进行调调整，此处不再一一列举。
本具体实施例还公开了一种太阳能跟踪系统，包括上述回转系统及多个光伏组件，光伏组件固定设置在转轴上，且光伏组件与转轴一一对应。本具体实施中的转轴倾斜设置，光伏组件倾斜设置，这种系统尤其适用于中高纬度地区，可以实现较高的系统效率。
当然，在太阳能跟踪系统的其他实施例中，光伏组件还可以替换为光热组件。本具体实施例中的回转系统还可以应用于其他领域的跟踪系统中。
具体实施例三
本具体实施例公开了回转系统的另外一种具体实施例，其结构与实施例一基本相同，不同之处在于，两个实施例中的转轴的设置方式、基座的具体结构及平面支架的具体结构均不同。如图3～5所示，在本具体实施例中，转轴130水平设置，基座110包括一对相对于水平面竖直设置的支撑杆111，一对支撑杆111上各设有一安装部，一对支撑杆111竖直支撑转轴，且转轴与支撑杆上的安装部铰接。由于支撑柱的直径一定，为了加强支撑柱在地面上的稳定性，在支撑柱的底部设有一底座，该底座与地面接触的面积大于支撑柱的底面面积，支撑柱通过该底座固定在地面上。
如图4所示，在本具体实施例中，平面支架包括一长连接杆和短连接杆，两个连接杆平行设置在其中一个支撑杆上，长连接杆靠近转轴设置，两个连接杆的端部均设有用于绕设牵引绳的绕线滑轮和转向滑轮，且在长连接杆的两端 各设有一用于牵引绳通过的转向轮，从而便于相邻回转机构中的牵引绳的连接。
另外，如图3所示，位于最左侧和最右侧的回转机构中的支撑杆上各设有一撑杆，该撑杆向外延伸，且撑杆的端部设有用于牵引绳通过的转向滑轮，此处的撑杆用于对两侧的牵引绳进行导向，使其可以平稳运行。
当然，在其他具体实施例中，基座中的支撑杆还可以设为三个、四个或者更多个，此处不再一一赘述。
本具体实施例还公开了一种太阳能跟踪系统，包括上述回转系统及多个光伏组件500，光伏组件500固定设置在转轴130上，且光伏组件500与转轴130一一对应。本具体实施例中的太阳能跟踪系统尤其适用于低纬度地区，其制作成本低，系统工作效率高。
本具体实施例还公开了一种光热跟踪系统，其结构与太阳能跟踪系统相同，只需将光伏组件换为光热组件即可。当然，本具体实施例中的回转系统还可以应用于其他领域的跟踪系统中。具体实施例四
本具体实施例公开了回转系统的另外一种具体实施例，其结构与实施例一基本相同，不同之处在于，两个实施例中的基座的具体结构不同以及转轴的设置方式不同。在本实施例中，转轴水平设置，基座包括两对支撑杆，两对支撑杆分别设置在转轴的两端。每对支撑杆的一端连接形成一Λ型结构，Λ型结构的尖端处设有一安装部，Λ型结构垂直支撑所述转轴，所述转轴与所述安装部铰接。
相比于实施例三中两个支撑杆分别支撑转轴两端的情况，本实施例中的支撑杆形成的Λ型结构的支撑效果更好，并且，本实施例中支撑杆的直径可以做的比较小。当然，在其他具体实施例中，还可以设置三对、四对或更多对的支撑杆支撑转轴。
本具体实施例还公开了一种太阳能跟踪系统，包括上述回转系统及多个光 伏组件，光伏组件固定设置在转轴上，且光伏组件与转轴一一对应。本具体实施例中的太阳能跟踪系统尤其适用于低纬度地区，其制作成本低，系统工作效率高。
本具体实施例还公开了一种光热跟踪系统，其结构与太阳能跟踪系统相同，只需将光伏组件换为光热组件即可。当然，本具体实施例中的回转系统还可以应用于其他领域的跟踪系统中。
需要说明的是，本申请人在申请号为CN201620761279.X的实用新型专利中公开了一种回转机构，本申请中涉及到的回转机构的具体结构的改进可以参考该专利公开的内容。
应当说明的是，上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种回转系统，其特征在于，包括多个回转机构；
    所述回转机构包括：
    基座；
    平面支架，固定设置在所述基座上，所述平面支架的外周具有多个绕线滑轮和一对转向滑轮；
    牵引绳，绕设在所述平面支架的上的绕线滑轮上，且在所述转向滑轮处转向；
    转轴，与所述基座铰接，用于固定负载，且所述转轴与所述平面支架所在平面垂直，多个所述绕线滑轮距离所述转轴的旋转中心距离均相等；
    摆臂，其第一端与所述牵引绳连接，其第二端与所述转轴连接；
    相邻所述回转机构的牵引绳的输入端和输出端连接，且多个所述回转机构的牵引绳相连形成一环形结构；
    所述回转系统还包括一输入轴，所述输入轴张紧所述牵引绳并带动所述牵引绳沿着所述平面支架的上的绕线滑轮和转向滑轮滑动，所述牵引绳带动所述摆臂转动，所述摆臂带动所述转轴转动；
    所述输入轴与一蜗轮蜗杆减速机的蜗轮轴连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述转轴相对于水平面倾斜设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述基座包括一对支撑杆和一底座，一对所述支撑杆相对于水平面倾斜设置，一对所述支撑杆的一端连接形成一∧型结构，所述∧型结构的尖端处及所述底座上分别设有一安装部；
    所述转轴通过所述∧型结构上的安装部及所述底座上的安装部固定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述平面支架包括第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆，所述第二连杆的中段固定设置在一对所述支撑杆上，所述第一连杆的第一端固定设置在其中一个所述支撑杆上，第二端固定设置在所述第二连杆的第一端，所述第三连杆的第一端固定设置在另一个所述支撑杆上，第二端固定设置在所述第二连杆的第二端。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述转轴水平设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述基座包括至少两个支撑杆，所述支撑杆上设有用于安装所述转轴的安装部，所述支撑杆垂直支撑所述转轴，所述转轴与所述安装部铰接；
    或；
    所述基座包括至少两对支撑杆，每对支撑杆形成一∧型结构，所述∧型结构的尖端处设有一用于安装所述转轴的安装部，所述∧型结构垂直支撑所述转轴，所述转轴与所述安装部铰接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述基座包括铰接端和固定端，所述铰接端与所述转轴铰接，所述固定端用于接触地面，所述固定端处设有导向轮，第一侧的所述回转机构中牵引绳的输入端与第二侧的所述回转机构的输出端之间的牵引绳通过所述导向轮张紧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的回转系统，其特征在于：
    所述牵引绳为钢丝绳、尼龙绳、皮带、同步带或链条。
  9. 一种太阳能跟踪系统，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利1至8中任一项所述的回转系统及多个光伏组件或光热组件，所述光伏组件或光热组件固定设置在所述转轴上。
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