WO2019145165A1

WO2019145165A1 - Optoelectronic component and component composite thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2019145165A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/050671
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tobias Schmidt
Original assignee: Osram Gmbh
Priority date: 2018-01-24
Filing date: 2019-01-11
Publication date: 2019-08-01
Also published as: DE102018201043A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to optoelectronic components (1) for horticulture, comprising a carrier body (2), at least one semiconductor light source (3) and a covering body which is formed as an asymmetrical lens (4) and is arranged above the at least one semiconductor light source (3). The invention also relates to a component composite thereof.

Description

OPTOELECTRONIC COMPONENT AND COMPONENT CONNECTOR THEREOF

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to an optoelectronic component and a composite component.

Horticulture lighting for the rearing of useful and ornamental plants have long been known in the art, ranging from simple light bulbs on Metalldampflam pen up to the modern optoelectronic lighting systems lighting systems of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on Hableiterbasis and based on organic LEDs (OLEDs ). The most well-known examples are the greenhouses made of glass or, in the meantime, transparent plastics which, especially in the winter months, require additional and controlled lighting.

The optoelectronic components of the present invention and a component composite produced therefrom are suitable - without being limited thereto - especially for the so-called "indoor horticulture." Below this, one stands for the (large-scale) cultivation of useful and ornamental plants inside a building to cultivate the plants throughout the year irrespective of any weather and light conditions under controlled environmental conditions and then harvest them for their intended use (also referred to as horticulture lighting).

However, more ambitious crop cultivation projects today are dealing with much more complex forms of indoor cultivation, namely with large and high halls, which are partially or completely shielded from daylight, in which the plants are stacked in individual planters or plant shells three-dimensional up to building heights of over 30 m and similar to a storage system on rollers and conveyor belts can be fully automatically positioned and get their light from respective lighting devices. Such highly efficient plant growth systems, also referred to as vertical farming, are used, for example, in so-called "city farming" or "urban farming".

Another example of indoor plant irradiation illumination devices are plant growth chambers, such as those offered by Agrilution. These cabinets can be installed in private homes, shops or restaurants and are becoming more and more important, as modern lighting technology, eg based on LEDs, has high luminous efficiencies and low power consumption at the same time, so that such indoor farming energetically became attractive only in recent times. Indoor lighting devices for plant irradiation may include a variety of functional components, in particular light sources (LED, laser, OLED), light source control gear, control devices for the light source control gear, sensors, feedback devices, control devices, day and night specific lighting scenarios, summer- and winter-specific lighting scenarios, air movement measuring equipment, measuring and analysis equipment, air humidity measuring equipment, temperature measuring equipment systems, such as self-propelled lighting, AGV (auto-guided vehicles), databases, cloud connection and thus Internet of Things (IoT) ) Ability, machine-learning connection, data analytics, integration into ecological energy supply circuits, integration in supply-on-demand and user interfaces, as well as optoelectronic devices such as lenses, mirrors, filters, phosphors and the like. A light source can emit radiant power in the ultraviolet and / or visible and / or infrared spectral range. The control device acquires input quantities of, for example, measurement sensors (such as temperature and humidity) and selected light recipes, and controls the intensity and / or color and / or operation mode of the light sources. As a result, optimal lighting can be provided depending on the growth phase and the degree of maturity of the plants.

Especially for such indoor horticultural systems, however, particularly high demands are placed on the lighting installation for a successful rearing of plants, in particular with respect to radiation properties of the light sources such as spectral intensity, radiation characteristics, color location, variation of the spectral individual intensities and thus adjustment the color locus such as a plant growth-specific irradiance and light spectrum, light control by modulation (pulse width modulation, pulse operation) and the photimorphogenetic influence of plants. The term plants is intended to mean all types of cultivation products or Agricultural crops include, for example, vegetables (salads), nuts, fruits, mushrooms, flowers, cannabis, medicinal or medicinal plants and herbs, hydroponic plants, tropical plants, algae, aquatic plants, seagrass, seedlings, seeds, grass, ornamental trees , It is known that the plants or plants, depending on the growth and maturation phase, require optimal radiation of suitable wavelength distribution and intensity. This is also referred to as growth-related light recipes.

To understand the difficulty of the illumination problem, one must remember that plants use light to convert CO2 and H2O into carbohydrates during photosynthesis, energetically feed their metabolic processes and biosynthesize materials that make up the growth of plants. This includes, for example, a stem extension, magnification tion of the leaf surfaces, flower formation, fruiting, etc. a.

It is known from general plant physiology, for example summarized in EP 2 934 089 B1, that most higher plants need natural sunlight with a wavelength in the range between 300 nm and 800 nm. Here, two absorption peaks of the green leaf pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, which are located in the red and blue regions of 625-675 nm and 425-475 nm respectively, have been found to be particularly important for plant illumination. In addition, there are other absorption peaks in the UV range in the range of 300-400 nm. In addition, there are other peaks in the IR range of 700-800 nm. Another photoactive system in plants is the so-called phytochrome system. This includes two components whose absorption peak values are in the red range at 660 nm and in the far red range at 730 nm. Phytochrome activity controls different reactions such as leaf elongation, neighbor perception, shadow avoidance, stem elongation, seed germination and flower induction.

From this phytophysiological credo, it is clear how complex - in addition to the required economic efficiency - the problem of artificial lighting of plants in a large-scale indoor gardening is actually.

In addition to the above-mentioned wavelength ranges which are to be covered by a lighting device, the following additional lighting requirements must be observed, inter alia:

- efficiency of the lamps used or of the optics used,

- homogeneity of illuminance at the target level,

- Color homogeneity with a fixed light color as well as with a variably adjustable light color,

Color adjustability (spectral emission characteristic, spectral range increase or decrease of a spectral range),

- low shading of external plants and

- Low lateral overexposure of the target area. So far, a number of lighting systems and lighting in the crop have come to a set in the art. A large number of them use LEDs without additional optics, so that the emission characteristic only depends on the structure or on the arrangement of the individual LEDs.

Other lamps (optoelectronic components) have optics, which are arranged centrally along a longitudinal axis of a längsge stretched (linear) lamp and have a symmetrical shape with respect to the longitudinal axis.

LED lights of the prior art, as described for example in DE 202017002850 Ul, have linear sym metric lenses. However, these have the disadvantage that they lead to ei ner light distribution in a plant lighting device, in which it comes in the outer areas to a shadowing of the more external plants. This leads to uneven plants growing in the illuminated unit. In particular, the plants grow faster in the field of better lighting and where the lighting is weaker or the shading larger, the plants grow slower, resulting in uneven growth or different maturity of the individual plants.

On the other hand, symmetrical optics can be designed so that they abstract an extremely wide beam of light, and thus also light up the peripheral plants. However, the cone of light is then widened so far that a large part of the light leaves the planted area, making these optics inefficient. Optics with strong refraction can also have a chromatic aberration and Fresnel reflection aufwei sen. The Fresnel reflection reduces the efficiency of the luminaire, the chromatic aberration leads to color inhomogeneities.

Based on the state of the art of LED lights with li near symmetrical lenses, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an optoelectronic device available, with which Beleuchtungsinstal can be realized for modern crop farming, which has the highest possible homogeneity of Be Have luminous intensity and / or the light color on a loading irradiation plane, as well as have a possible small shading in the outer areas of a plant arrangement.

This object is achieved by an optoelectronic component according to claim 1 and a composite component according to claim 11.

In particular, the present invention relates to an opto-electronic device with

a carrier body;

- At least one semiconductor light source or Lichtquel le;

- And designed as an asymmetric lens extending linearly or longitudinally in a longitudinal direction cover body, which is arranged in front of the at least one semiconductor light source, - Wherein the lens with respect to a plane in which ei ne main emission direction A of the light source and wel che plane is parallel to the longitudinal direction, no mirror has symmetry.

The invention further relates to a component network having a plurality of optoelectronic components according to the invention, wherein the optoelectronic components of the component network are spaced apart by two rows and the asymmetric lenses of the optoelectronic components of a component network are placed so that they are in relation to the longitudinal center line between the optoelectronic Components of a composite component are arranged symmetrically. In other words, the asymmetric lenses are placed in mirror image, that is, for example, the 'thick sides' of the lenses to each other.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "optoelectronic component" is understood to mean, for example, a luminaire which typically has a plurality of light sources, in particular semiconductor light sources, The plurality of light sources can be combined in a modular fashion become.

One or more such inventive asymmetric lens (s) preferably cover / cover all light sources of a row of light sources, in particular a linear row. Such a series of light sources may in particular be a series of light sources of a first optoelectronic component, which may be part of a first series of components. It can then, as stated above, optoelectronic construction elements arranged in two rows. Another asym metric lens or several other asymmetric Lin sen, which is arranged in mirror image to the lens or the lenses of the first set of components is / covers, then preferably covers a number of light sources of a building element of the second series of opto electronic components ,

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "component network" is understood to mean a combination of such lamps (optoelectronic components) For example, two lamps are required to illuminate a target area for indoor farming in accordance with the above-mentioned requirements.

The inventive optoelectronic Bauelemen te and in particular by the use of an asymmet rical lens formed cover body which is disposed over the semiconductor light sources, at the same time results in a high efficiency of the construction elements used, a very homogeneous irradiance in the required wavelength range and / or the best possible Color homogeneity with minimal shading of external plants.

Through the use of asymmetric lenses is achieved that linear component composites can be arranged over a preferably rectangular plant tray so that the irradiation of each longitudinal side of the plant shell is largely in the direction of the opposite side of the plant husk and on the respective side nä a steep Waste of irradiation has strength, so that only a small fraction of the radiation outside the nearer edge of Pflan zenschale passes at the same time minimized shadow formation on the nearer edge side. The component verbund on the opposite side of the plant bowl irradiated in an analogous manner, so that for a gege enclosed place between the two component composites from the attenuation of the irradiation of a component composite is compensated by there more intense irradiation of the other against overlying component network. This results in a uniformly distributed irradiation intensity over the target area, in particular in the visible spectral range and / or in the near ultraviolet (UV-A, 300-380 nm) and / or in the near infrared range (800-1000 nm).

The optoelectronic component according to the invention with asymmetric lens is simple and without much technical effort to produce. To calculate the lens shape, one may use the method of tailoring or the method of geometric construction Textbooks dealing with these topics are, for example, "Introduction to nonimaging optics" by Julio Chavez and "Nonimaging Opics" by Roland Winston, Juan C. Minano and Pablo Benitez, in one embodiment, it may be noted that the light rays in a transverse plane of the lens undergo an approximately equal refraction when entering and exiting the lens, if the refraction were at a plane of the lens or the lens body (coupling or decoupling surface) significantly larger, then this could lead to increased chromatic aberration. strong refraction thus improves the color homogeneity. Advantageously, the refraction of the source of the semiconductor light can be emitted electromagnetic radiation in the lens substantially split between a coupling surface of the lens and a decoupling surface of the lens split up. For example, the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the semiconductor light source can change its direction when entering the lens via one or the coupling surface, in particular essentially to the same angle, such as when exiting the lens via one or the decoupling surface. Another aspect is the reduction of Fresnel reflections. The larger the angle at which a light beam strikes an interface, the more light is reflected. If one avoids a structure where one angle is significantly larger than the second one, since the entrance and exit angles are equal, then one reduces the Fresnel reflections and increases the efficiency of the optical design.

The lens itself can be made simply by injection molding, linear extrusion or embossing. The lens itself can be made of plastic, silicone or glass.

By means of the optoelectronic components according to the invention, it is possible, for example, to realize plant lights for rectangular cooking shells, which enable a much more homogeneous illumination of the plant shells.

Furthermore, equipped with the devices according to the invention lighting installations for Pflan zenbau robust in relation to a caused by the plant growth change the source-target distance, which may be in the range of 300 mm to 450 mm, for example. The optoelectronic components, in particular equipped with LEDs or OLEDs, are ideally suited to the requirements of large-scale indoor farming, in particular vertical farming, city farming, urban farming, as well as for smaller (built-in) Units for homes or apartments.

As the light source, one LED or several LEDs can be used, wherein the LED or one of the plurality of LEDs emits radiation with one of the following colors or one of the following wavelength ranges: UV, blue, green, red, IR. The at least one LED may contain at least one wavelength-converting phosphor (conversion LED). The phosphor or another phosphor can be arranged remotely from the light-emitting diode ("remote phosphor"). The LED may be in the form of at least one individually packaged LED or in the form of at least one light emitting diode having one or more LED chips. It can be mounted on a common substrate ("Submount") multiple LED chips and form an LED or individually or together, for example, on egg ner board (eg FR4, metal core board, etc.) be attached ("CoB" = chip on board ). Instead of or in addition to inorganic LEDs, for example based on AlInGaN or InGaN or AlInGaP, it is generally also possible to use organic LEDs (OLEDs, eg polymer OLEDs). Alternatively, the light-emitting component may be a laser diode or a laser diode arrangement, in particular a LARP light source (LARP = laser-activated remote phosphor). IR-emitted Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) can also be used. Conceivable It is also necessary to provide an OLED luminous layer or several OLED luminous layers or an OLED luminous area. The emission wavelengths of the light-emitting components may be in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared spectral range. The respective light sources can be equipped with a primary optics for beam shaping.

As a main radiation direction of a light source, which may include ei ne primary optics, the direction is be distinguished, in which the vector center of gravity of the light intensity weighted propagation directions of the emit oriented radiation (primary radiation and secondary radiation) is located.

In addition or as an alternative to plant illumination, the optoelectronic components according to the invention can also be used in headlamps for vehicle lighting, effect lighting, entertainment lighting, architainment lighting, general lighting, medical and therapeutic lighting or lighting for aquatic sports and animal breeding.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the lens with respect to a perpendicular to the carrier plane or plat tenförmigen or planar carrier body standing plane, wel che is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lens, be designed asymmetically.

Preferably, the elongated and / or cup-shaped and / or - seen in cross-section - U-shaped or si-shaped lens in cross-section seen asymmetrically designed. It is also conceivable to design the lens cylindric. Further preferably, an inner Surface or coupling surface of the lens, which can point towards Trä gerkörper, concave and an outer surface or outcoupling surface of the lens designed convex.

In a preferred embodiment, the coupling-in surface and the coupling-out surface of the lens each extend along an arc or a curve. The Einkoppelflä surface and the decoupling surface can thereby - seen in cross-section - in a direction of extension first of the, in particular plate-shaped, carrier body away and extend from a certain extension path back to the carrier body. In cross-section and in the direction of extension of the surfaces - starting from a first end portion of the surfaces towards a two-th end portion - seen is preferably a distance between the coupling surface and the decoupling surface respec ßer, which in a simple manner, a desired asymmetry of the lens can be formed. In other words, the lens in cross section can be seen transversely to the longitudinal axis, in particular approximately, have an arcuate shape. The thickness of the lens may increase along the arc shape from side to side, especially steadily. Before preferably the Flächenkurvenzug the lens cross section at the coupling surface and the decoupling surface is continuously differentiable.

The lens may further comprise two holding portions or flange portions, between which the coupling surface and a coupling-out surface extend. About the flange portions which extend approximately parallel to the Trägerkör by and away from each other, the lens can be attached to the carrier body. The flange portions he preferably extend in a plane. A homogeneity of the irradiance on a target level by an arrangement of optoelectronic components according to the invention is preferably between 0.25 to 0.50, preferably between 0.35 to 0.50, wherein the homogeneity is the ratio of minimum irradiation strength to maximum irradiance can.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the Minim least one semiconductor light source by means of a Steuerein direction in its intensity and / or color and / or ih rem operating mode be changeable.

Further particularly advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail based on examples of execution. The figures show:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optoelectronic device according to the invention according to an imple mentation form;

Fig. 2a and b show a schematic positioning of a lighting according to the prior art (FIG. 2a) and a lighting using the optoelectronic components according to the invention along the longitudinal sides of a plant tray (FIG. 2b);

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the irradiation characteristic of the optoelectronic device according to the invention, which is positioned at a longitudinal side of a plant tray; 4 shows diagrams with irradiance distributions of a two-row component network as a function of the source-target distance;

Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a erfindungsge MAESSEN component network over a target plane;

6 shows diagrams with irradiance distributions of a gapless, double-row component network as a function of the source-target distance; and

7 shows a diagram of an irradiation intensity distribution when only one of the two component composites emits light.

embodiments

example 1

1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention AF 1.

An optoelectronic component 1 provides a support body 2, on the light sources or semiconductor light sources 3 are mounted. With suitable electrical supply, the semiconductor light sources 3 emit light as primary radiation, for example blue or red light. A primary radiation, preferably an ultraviolet or blue primary radiation, but also by means of a wavelength conversion element (phosphor) in light of a certain wavelength (conversion light, for example, yellow light), at least partially konver benefits, in which case, for example, the mixture of unconverted blue primary radiation and yellow convergence radiation produces white useful light. OSRAM OSLON® and OSRAM Duris® LEDs are preferably used as light sources, for example in Deep Blue (460 nm, GD DASPA1.14), Deep Blue (460 nm, LD CQAR), Deep Blue (460 nm, LD CQDP). , Blue (470 nm, GB DASPA1.13), Red (625 nm, GR DASPA1.23), Red (625 nm, LR CP7P), Far Red (660 nm, GH CSHPM 1.24), Hyper Red (730 nm, Oslon Square Hyper Red), White (4000K, OSRAM OSLON® Square GW CSSRM1.BM).

The optoelectronic component 1, for example, exclusively as semiconductor light sources 3 directly emit animal LEDs of the same color, or from finally phosphor-converted LEDs the same color temperature.

The optoelectronic component 1 can have, for example, an arrangement of semiconductor light sources in the form of LEDs which has only two different types of LEDs, for example red and blue. Other combinations can be: Deep Blue and Hyper Red, White and Red (660 nm), Red (625 nm) and Hyper Red (730 nm), etc.

The optoelectronic component 1 may have, for example, an arrangement of semiconductor light sources in the form of LEDs which has only three different types of LEDs, for example red and blue and white.

The optoelectronic component 1 may, for example, have an arrangement of semiconductor light sources in the form of LEDs which has only four different LED types, for example blue, white, red (625 nm) and Far Red (720 nm). The optoelectronic component 1 can have, for example, an arrangement of semiconductor light sources in the form of LEDs which has only five different LED types, for example deep blue (460 nm) blue (470 nm), white (4000 k), red (625 nm) and Far Red (720 nm).

Other variants result from the combination of semiconductor light sources in the form of LEDs that emit visible light with those that emit invisible light (UV, IR). Also, combinations with a larger number of different LEDs are conceivable.

With regard to the arrangement of different colored light sources, there are a variety of ways. Thus, the light sources of different colors can be placed in groups, or alternately divided into groups and single LEDs, or uniformly distributed, or stochastically distributed.

A particularly preferred arrangement for an optoelectronic cal component 1 is (hereinafter referred to as arrangement 1 be distinguished): Deep Blue, White, Hyper Red, Far Red, Deep Blue, White, Hyper Red, Far Red, Deep Blue, White, Hyper Red , Far Red, Deep Blue, White, Hyper Red, Far Red, Deep Blue, White, Hyper Red, Far Red.

Another particularly preferred arrangement for an optoelectronic device 1 is (hereinafter referred to as Anord statement 2): Deep Blue, Far Red, White, Hyper Red, Deep Blue, Far Red, White, Hyper Red, Deep Blue, Far Red, White, Hyper Red, Deep Blue, Far Red, White, Hyper Red, Deep Blue, Far Red, White, Hyper Red. All or part of the above-mentioned light sources may have a primary lens.

By using a variety of light sources, growth-specific lighting scenarios (color, intensity, constant light, pulsed light) can be provided as plant-specific lighting recipes. These can then be stored in a database and called up and activated by control programs. As to light control systems can be used, as described for example in EP 2829160 Al, EP 2774459 Al, US 2010301773 and US 2010295482 Al.

As a cover body, an asymmetrical lens 4 is mounted over the semiconductor light sources 3. The asymmetrical lens 4 has a plane 5, in which a main radiation direction A of the semiconductor light sources 3 is located, and which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the optoelectronic component, so that the lens 4 has no mirror symmetry with respect to the plane 5. As a result, the lens 4 is replaced by an asymmetry which causes the light sources emerging from the semiconductor sources 3 to emerge differently strongly in different directions. The cover body or the asymmetrical lens 4 extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, in particular cylindric. The longitudinal extent can range from a few centimeters to a few meters.

The lens is in this case shaped so that the electromagnetic radiation changes its direction when entering the lens 4 at the coupling surface 6 substantially at the same angle as when exiting the lens 4 at the decoupling surface 7. The refraction of light is thus uniform. distributed on the coupling and decoupling surface in order to provide good homogeneity with regard to illuminance and / or color on the irradiation plane and an asymmetric beam profile with good efficiency. The radiation detected by the lens in the sectional plane or seen in cross section covers an angular range of about +/- 80 °.

The asymmetric lens 4, in particular their location-dependent curvatures, can be calculated by the skilled person from well-known methods from the general lens optics for the desired radiation intensity distribution and refraction. In this case, the outer lens surface is convex and the inner lens surface is concave, wherein the Di cke of the lens in the sectional plane shown in Fig. 1 from one side to the other (not necessarily mono ton) increases and the Flächenkurvenzug is constantly diffe renzierbar. Such a lens may also be characterized as an isol lens be.

With the previously calculated geometry of the asymmetrical lens 4, a tool can be produced, with which the lens 4 can be made for example of a thermoplastic material.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 AF 1 of an opto-electronic device 1 has in conjunction with another device la (see Fig. 2b, 4 and 5) in a composite component 8 a greatly improved homogeneity of the irradiance on the irradiation level.

Example 2 The optoelectronic components 1, 1 a, see FIGS. 2 b, 4 and 5, are arranged to form a composite component 8. The target is in each case one in plant shells in the usual industrial scale rectangular target plane in example with dimensions of 1200 mm X 3000 mm. The source-target distance D, see Figure 5, in this example is 300 mm, 375 mm and 450 mm.

Fig. 2a shows a luminaire of the prior art with linear symmetrical lenses in a schematic presen- tation, the shadowing and the ineffective for plant growth light exit respectively for the shortest distance from Dl = 300 mm (upper line) and the largest distance D2 = 450 mm (lower line). The arrows represent the outer irradiation boundary lines, for example, determined by a Be radiation intensity decrease of 1 / e ^{2 of} the maximum of the emitted light beam from the lamp. Shadow formation means that as the plants grow taller, the less radiated power is transmitted to the outside, as the more inward ones absorb them due to the shallow irradiation. This situation is particularly pronounced with the shorter source-target distance. On the other hand, at the larger source-target distance, the radiation distribution is too wide, so that radiation is used unused past the irradiation surface. Even if two prior art lights were placed spaced apart from each other with linearly symmetrical lenses, that would not eliminate the problems described. According to FIG. 2 a, the arrow denoted by the reference numeral 9 denotes the "shadow for short intervals". stand "and the arrow designated by the reference numeral 10, the" radiation outlet for long distance ".

Shown in FIG. 2b is the shadowing as well as the effective light emission for two optoelectronic components 1 and 1a of a composite component 8, which are equipped with LEDs having asymmetric lenses according to the invention. In this case, as stated above, the asymmetrical lenses of the two optoelectronic components mirror image arranged. It is also conceivable to arrange one or more optoelectronic components with symmetrical lens in the middle between the two optoelectronic components 1 and 1 a. According to FIG. 2b, the arrow designated by the reference numeral 11 denotes a "low-level shadow" and the arrow designated by the reference numeral 12 denotes a "small radiation exit".

It can be seen here that each of the optoelectronic components 1 and 1 a emits an asymmetric radiation distribution to the target plane (the arrows have the same meaning as in FIG. 2 a). Both for a source-target distance D, see Figure 5, of 450 mm (bottom line) and of 300 mm (upper line) is due to the steeper light incidence significantly less Abschat processing effect of the outer plants and a lesser missed the target level radiation exit.

In the interaction of both optoelectronic components 1, la a homogeneous illuminance is achieved in a Ebe ne over the target area, wherein the distance of the plane to the light source is about one third smaller than the distance from the light source and target area. With other words, the plane with the homogeneous illumination The total distance from the target area is given by the total distance, which is the distance between the light source and the target area. At the same time, there is no increased loss of light which would occur if the light cone were widened in order to illuminate the entire area homogeneously. The efficiency for a device according to the invention, ie the fraction of the radiant power generated by the light sources that reaches the target surface (depending on the distance between the light sources and the target surface) is in the range from 50% to 80%, preferably from 65% to 80%. when the distance between the sources and the target surface is in the frame from 300mm to 450mm described above. This applies to the described target area with 1200mm width and 3000mm length.

It is also conceivable to arrange several optoelectronic Bauelemen te 1 side by side (ie laterally offset in the plane), for example, as a 2 or 3 Ver bund, and several optoelectronic devices la in the same way next to each other, so that the Ge samtanordnung is symmetrical to a center line ,

Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the Bestrah strength distribution of an optoelectron ronic device 1 according to the invention over the target level as a function of speed from place, where according to FIG. 3 "Z" stands for target irradiation and "0" for location. Shown is the target irradiance. The arrows have the same meaning as already explained in Figure 2a, 2b. Here, the asymmetrical characteristic of an optoelectronic component is clearly visible. The advantages of the inventions to the invention optoelectronic component 1 result th in the interaction of two spaced Bauelemen th 1, la with mirror-image arranged asymmetric lenses (higher overall homogeneity and steeper Außenab case), see also the explanations to Fig. 7.

In Fig. 4, the simulation results of Bestrah strength distribution of a composite component 8 from each case five optoelectronic devices 1 and la, depending Weil at the source-target distances D = 300 mm, D = 375 mm and D = 450 mm shown. In other words, the irradiance AF1 is shown for three different source-target distances. The illustration shows a view from above onto the irradiation surface. The five optoelectron ronic components 1, as well as the five compo elements La, arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the illustrated Be radiation surface translationally symmetrical, where they are spaced from each other by about 300 mm, and the outer optoelectronic devices each in the translation direction a distance from the respective Outside edge of the irradiation surface of about 150 mm.

The different irradiance levels are characterized by un hatching different. Even at the shortest distance of D = 300 mm, there is still a good homogeneous distribution. The homogeneity of the illumination, defined as the minimum irradiance divided by the maximum irradiance, is in the range of 0.25-0.5, preferably in the range of 0.35-0.5, depending on the source-target distance. The homogeneity for different spectral ranges, in particular the photobiologically significant spectral ranges 400 to 500 nm (range 1), 500 to 600 nm (range 2), 600 to 700 nm (range 3), 700 to 800 nm (area 4) has the same bandwidth.

In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the homogeneity of the irradiance improves with increasing source-target distance.

Fig. 5 shows again in a schematic representation of a composite element 8 for plant lighting, this time with two times five longitudinally arranged gapless optoelectronic devices 1, la above the target plane, which are equipped according to arrangement 1 and / or arrangement 2, each with four color channels.

Fig. 6 shows the irradiance distributions for un ferent source-target distances, resulting in the use of a composite component 8 as shown in FIG. 5 (each with five optoelectronic devices 1, la). 6 shows "B" for the irradiance There is a good homogeneous lighting situation for each distance, in particular in the range +/- 1350 mm, which is illuminated by the component network, so that the inventions to the invention optoelectronic devices 1, la out is suitable for the lighting of plants in the context of indoor farming.

7 shows the lighting situation of a two-membered component network 8 according to FIG. 5, when only one of the two rows of optoelectronic components 1, 1 a emits light (here the components 1 a;) The illumination with the components 1 would be mirror-image to the longitudinal axis ). 7 shows "B" for the irradiance If all the optoelectronic components 1, 1a of the component network 8 are in operation, then conditions in terms of efficiency, homogeneity of the lighting strength and color homogeneity good conditions for plant cultivation. With the arrow denoted by reference numeral 13, a gentle slope is marked and with the arrow designated by reference numeral 14, a steep slope is indicated.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Optoelectronic component 1;

Carrier body 2 semiconductor light source 3

Asymmetrical lens 4

Level 5

Coupling surface 6

Decoupling surface 7 component composite 8

Main emission direction A

Target Source Distance D

Claims

1. Optoelectronic component (I, Ia) with

a carrier body (2),

- At least one light source or semiconductor light source (3), designed as an asymmetrical lens (4) is linear or elongated in a longitudinal direction he stretching cover body, which is arranged in front of the at least egg nen semiconductor light source (3), - wherein the lens (4 ) has no mirror symmetry with respect to a plane in which a main emission direction A of the light source is located and which plane is parallel to the longitudinal direction.

2. The optoelectronic component (1a, la) according to claim 1, wherein the lens (4) is movable with respect to a perpendicular to the

Carrier plane (2) standing plane, which is parallel to the longitudinal direction, is designed asymmetrically.

3. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1, wherein the refraction of the electromagnetic radiation that can be emitted by the semiconductor light source in the lens is split substantially between a coupling surface of the lens. 4) and a knockout pelfläche (7) of the lens (4).

4. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic radiation which can be emitted by the semiconductor light source is in its direction of entry into the lens at one or the coupling surface in FIG

Substantially changes by the same angle as when exiting the lens (4) on one or the pelfläche Auskop (7).

An optoelectronic component (1a) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an inner surface of the lens (4) is concave and an outer surface of the lens (4) is convex.

6. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1, wherein the lens in cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction has a shape and the thickness of the lens increases along the curved shape from one side to the other side.

An optoelectronic component according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the radius of curvature of the inner surface of the lens (4) in cross-section transversely to the longitudinal direction increases from one side to the other.

8. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1, wherein electromagnetic radiation with different wavelength ranges and / or colors can be emitted via semiconductor light sources.

9. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1, which together with other such components on a target surface provides a homogeneity of the irradiation intensity of from 0.25 to 0.50, the homogeneity providing the ratio of the minimum irradiance to the maximum loading Radiation is.

10. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1, wherein the at least one semiconductor light source is variable by means of a control device in terms of its intensity and / or color and / or operating mode.

11. A component network (8) having a plurality of optoelectronic components (1, 1 a) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The component network (8) according to claim 11, wherein the optoelectronic components (1; 1a) are arranged so that the asymmetrical lenses (4) are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a median plane between the optoelectronic components (1;

13. The component network (8) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein it is designed such that a homogeneous illumination intensity Be is achieved on a target surface and on a plane above this target surface, which plane spaced from the semiconductor light source (3) of two-thirds of the Total distance between the Semiconductor light source (3) and the target surface befin det.

14. A composite component (8) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the optoelectronic components (l; la) are arranged in at least one row linear or gapless line ar.

15. The optoelectronic component according to one of Ansprü che 1 to 10 or component composite according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the component (1, la) o- of the composite component (8) is set in the Hortikultur a.

16. An array comprising a target surface and at least one optoelectronic device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device is configured to irradiate the target surface with an irradiance distribution and the device is closer to an edge of the target surface than to an opposite edge, and wherein the irradiation strength distribution between the device and the nä edge of the target surface drops steeper, ie has a gradient of greater magnitude than at any other location.