WO2019144501A1 - 一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019144501A1
WO2019144501A1 PCT/CN2018/081605 CN2018081605W WO2019144501A1 WO 2019144501 A1 WO2019144501 A1 WO 2019144501A1 CN 2018081605 W CN2018081605 W CN 2018081605W WO 2019144501 A1 WO2019144501 A1 WO 2019144501A1
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Prior art keywords
glass
glass plate
preform
mold
laminated curved
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2018/081605
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林金汉
林金锡
Original Assignee
常州亚玛顿股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 常州亚玛顿股份有限公司 filed Critical 常州亚玛顿股份有限公司
Priority to JP2020540802A priority Critical patent/JP2021512837A/ja
Priority to EP18902293.2A priority patent/EP3738767A4/en
Priority to US16/964,998 priority patent/US20210046736A1/en
Publication of WO2019144501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019144501A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
    • B32B38/1866—Handling of layers or the laminate conforming the layers or laminate to a convex or concave profile
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of glass technology, and in particular to a sandwich curved glass composite material and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • the light transmission and excellent physicochemical stability of glass determine its irreplaceable importance in the fields of architecture, vehicles and new energy. Tempering and laminating are common glass processing techniques that increase the safety of the glass (such as wind pressure, fall protection, bulletproof, etc.). In some special cases, hyperboloid tempering and laminated glass products, such as automotive windshields, are essential for special design purposes.
  • the prior art such as the patent of CN105960384A, generally first heats ordinary flat glass to a glass softening temperature, first obtains curved glass by gravity forming or pressure forming, and then laminates curved glass and laminated film. The laminated curved glass is obtained by heating to a temperature at which the intermediate interlayer film can be softened.
  • the molding of the above glass is carried out under the conditions of the softening temperature of the glass, it is necessary to heat the glass to about 700 degrees, the entire process time is long, and the energy consumption is high.
  • the surface of the laminated curved glass is easily unevenly affected, resulting in uneven mechanical properties of the laminated curved glass, uneven bonding strength, and regional optical distortion. And other defects.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a laminated curved glass in order to overcome the above problems in the prior art.
  • a sandwich curved glass composite material characterized in that: the sandwich curved glass composite material comprises a first glass plate, a preform, and a glue layer disposed between the first glass plate and the preform,
  • the first glass sheet has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.2 mm.
  • the preform is made of at least one of glass, ceramic, and metal.
  • a method for manufacturing a laminated curved glass composite material comprising the steps of:
  • the first glass plate is subjected to surface preset internal pressure treatment, the treated first glass plate is in the form of a flat plate, and the surface stress of the first glass plate is 10-1000 MPa;
  • the preform is made of glass, and the preform is subjected to a surface preset internal pressure treatment of the step (2), and the processed preform is in the form of a flat plate, and the surface stress of the preform is 10- 1000MPa.
  • the surface stress of the first glass plate or the preform after the step (2) is 20-900 MPa, and the flatness of the first glass plate or the preform is less than 5 ⁇ .
  • step (3) is carried out under vacuum conditions, and the degree of vacuum is ⁇ 50 Pa.
  • the low temperature molding process is performed in a cold press apparatus, the cold press apparatus including a first mold for molding the first glass sheet to a curved shape and a first for pressing against the preform
  • the first mold or the second mold is heated at a temperature of 80 ° C to 380 ° C.
  • pressing the first glass plate by the first mold causes the first glass plate to conform to a concave surface of the first mold, and pressurizing the preform by the second mold The preform is bonded to the convex surface of the second mold.
  • the first mold applies a pressure of 10 to 100 kPa to the preform to the first glass plate or the second mold.
  • the preform is curved.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the method for manufacturing the laminated curved glass composite material provided by the invention obtains the laminated curved glass by press molding the first glass plate and the preform under the low temperature condition by the first glass plate and the preform.
  • the composite material has the advantages of high strength, no bubble, good bonding strength, low energy consumption and high processing efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a laminated curved glass of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the laminated curved glass of Figure 1 taken along line A-A;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a press forming process of the laminated curved glass shown in FIG. 1.
  • the present invention provides a laminated curved glass 10 comprising a first glass plate 11, a second glass plate 12, and a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12.
  • the first glass plate 11 or the second glass plate 12 may be a float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 or the second glass plate 12 is a 1.6 mm float glass, and the ultra-white float glass contains 70.0 to 73%. SiO 2 and 12.0-15.0% Na 2 O.
  • the adhesive layer material is PVB (Poly Vinyl Butyral, polyvinyl butyral), SGP (Ethylen/Methacrylic Acid Copolymers, copolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid), POE (polyolefin elastomer) or PO (polyolefin) ) and other hot melt adhesive materials.
  • PVB Poly Vinyl Butyral, polyvinyl butyral
  • SGP Ethylen/Methacrylic Acid Copolymers, copolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid
  • POE polyolefin elastomer
  • PO polyolefin
  • the manufacturing process of the laminated curved glass 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes the following steps:
  • first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 0.1 to 2.2 mm, the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 being a flat glass original piece;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the flat plate strengthening treatment is employed in the embodiment, and the contact between the glass and the transmission device or the heating device can be minimized.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are reinforced in a flat state, and after the treatment, the first glass plate 11 or the second glass plate 12 is still a flat plate, and the first glass plate 11 or the second glass plate 12 is still The surface stress is controlled in the range of 10 to 1000 MPa, and the flatness of the first glass plate 11 or the second glass plate 12 is less than 5 ⁇ .
  • the first mold 21 or the second mold 22 is heated to a temperature of 80 ° C to 380 ° C under vacuum pressure so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 11 and the second glass sheet 11 are respectively passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22
  • the glass plate 12 is pressurized at a pressure of 10 KPa to 100 KPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22 and remains for 600 s until 2400s, finally made of laminated curved glass 10.
  • step (1) may further include cutting the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 to a desired size, respectively, and subjecting to edging, washing, and the like.
  • first mold 21 and the second mold 22 can be heated simultaneously or separately, so that the rubber layer 13 can be softened.
  • the strengthening treatment of the above step (2) may be physical strengthening by heating the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 to a glass transition temperature for a while, and then cooling. It can be understood that the strengthening of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 can also be chemically strengthened, and the chemical strengthening treatment can be performed by a high temperature ion exchange method or a low temperature ion exchange method.
  • a high-temperature ion exchange method a glass containing Na 2 O is intruded into a molten salt of lithium in a temperature region between a softening point of a glass and a transition point, so that Na + in the glass and a molten salt having a small radius thereof are used.
  • the Li + phase is exchanged and then cooled to room temperature. Since the glass surface layer containing Li + is different from the inner layer expansion coefficient of the glass containing Na + or K + , residual pressure is generated on the surface of the glass to strengthen and increase the strength of the glass.
  • the glass is invaded in an alkali ion molten salt having a larger radius than the alkali ion in the glass in a temperature region not higher than the glass transition point. For example; replaced with K + Na +, and then cooled.
  • the surface compressive stress layer is caused by the difference in volume of alkali ions, which increases the strength of the glass.
  • it is slower than the high temperature type, it has practical value because the glass is not deformed during tempering.
  • a low temperature type ion exchange method is employed.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are heated for 1 h to 3 h, heated to 300 ° C to 450 ° C, and heated to a desired temperature, and then the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are placed in potassium nitrate or potassium nitrate.
  • the temperature of the solution is from 400 ° C to 450 ° C, then held for _240 min to 600 min, and cooled to 5 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • composition of the above molten salt solution can be adjusted correspondingly according to the composition of the glass.
  • a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 1.6 mm are provided, and the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are flat glass original sheets, and the glass original sheets are float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, washing, or the like;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 after strengthening is 75 MPa, and the flatness is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • a vacuum is applied for 540 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 30 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, and the second mold 22 is heated to 22 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 21 and the second mold 22 are passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 11 and the second glass plate 12 are pressurized, pressurized to 90 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, and remains At 1200 s, a laminated curved glass 10 was finally produced. During the pressurization process, the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • a first glass plate 11 having a thickness of 1.6 mm and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 0.85 mm are provided, and the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are flat glass original sheets, and the glass original sheets are Float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, washing, or the like;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass plate 11 after strengthening is 75 MPa and the surface stress of the second glass plate 12 is 650 MPa, and the surface is flat. Degree is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • vacuum is applied for 300 s, and when the vacuum pressure is up to 50 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, and the second mold 22 is heated to 100 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 21 and the second mold 22 are passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 11 and the second glass plate 12 are pressurized, pressurized to 80 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, and remains 1000s, finally made of laminated curved glass 10.
  • the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 2.2 mm are provided.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are flat glass original sheets, and the glass original sheets are float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, washing, or the like;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 after strengthening is 20 MPa, and the flatness is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • vacuuming is performed for 720 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 40 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, and the second mold 22 is heated to 180 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 21 and the second mold 22 are passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 11 and the second glass plate 12 are pressurized, pressurized to 100 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, and remains 2400s, finally made of laminated curved glass 10.
  • the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • first glass plate 11 having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 0.7 mm, the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 being a flat glass original piece, the glass original piece being Float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, washing, or the like;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass plate 11 after strengthening is 550 MPa and the surface stress of the second glass plate 12 is 750 MPa, and the flatness is Less than 3 inches.
  • vacuum is applied for 420 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 40 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, and the second mold 22 is heated to 100 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 21 and the second mold 22 are passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 11 and the second glass plate 12 are pressurized, pressurized to 60 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, and remains 800s, finally made of laminated curved glass 10.
  • the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • first glass plate 11 having a thickness of 2.2 mm and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 0.1 mm, the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 being a flat glass original piece, the glass original piece being Float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, washing, or the like;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass plate 11 after strengthening is 20 MPa and the surface stress of the second glass plate 12 is 900 MPa, and the surface is flat. Degree is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • a vacuum is applied for 420 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 50 Pa, the first mold 21 is heated to 80 ° C, and the second mold 22 is heated to 22 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 to the first
  • the glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are pressurized, pressurized to 10 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, And for 600s, the laminated glass 10 is finally produced.
  • the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 1.6 mm are provided, and the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are flat glass original sheets, and the glass original sheets are float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, cleaning, etc.; in this step, the thickness and size of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 and edging, The cleaning and the like were the same as in Example 1.
  • Pre-pressing treatment the first glass sheet 11 and the adhesive layer 13 after the step (1) are treated, and the second glass sheet 12 after the step (1) is sequentially laminated to form a laminate, and then the laminate is laminated.
  • the body was placed in a vacuum bag made of rubber, kept at 60 ° C for 30 min, and then held at 100 ° C for 60 min.
  • Stress test The sample is stress tested by a surface stress meter, and the light is propagated along the surface of the glass. The surface stress and the depth of the stress layer are measured according to the photoelastic technique, and each sample takes more than five test points.
  • Transmittance test The sample was tested for transmittance using a spectrophotometer with a test wavelength range of 380 nm to 1100 nm.
  • Bending Depth Test The sample is scanned using a three-dimensional scan to test the bending depth.
  • Gluing performance test Use AOI automatic optical detector to detect whether the sample has bubbles or poorly bonded areas.
  • the laminated curved glass prepared by the method for manufacturing the laminated curved glass of the present invention is ideal in tests such as stress value, light transmittance, gluing property, penetration resistance, bending depth, and human head model.
  • the test results can meet the requirements of the automotive field.
  • the embodiments 1-5 of the present invention have obvious advantages in stress value, and greatly reduce energy consumption, save processing time, and improve production efficiency. .
  • the second glass plate 12 can also be replaced with a preform, which can be used to manufacture a laminated curved glass composite material composed of a first glass plate and a preform, and the preform can be Glass, ceramic or other material preform having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of glass, or made of a metal material, which may be prepared into a curved shape by tempering or other processes before being composited with the first glass sheet 11. It may be in the form of a flat plate, for example, the following Examples 6-8.
  • a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 12 having a thickness of 1.6 mm are provided, and the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are flat glass original sheets, and the glass original sheets are float glass.
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 are respectively cut to a desired size, and subjected to edging, washing, or the like;
  • the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 of the step (1) are subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 12 after strengthening is 75 MPa, and the flatness is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • a vacuum is applied for 540 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 30 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, and the second mold 22 is heated to 22 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 21 and the second mold 22 are passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 11 and the second glass plate 12 are pressurized, pressurized to 90 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the second glass plate 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, and remains At 1200 s, a laminated curved glass 10 was finally produced. During the pressurization process, the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • Example 7 Panoramic roof glass
  • first glass plate 11 having a thickness of 1.6 mm and a preform 12, the first glass plate 11 being a flat glass original piece.
  • the preform is a hyperboloid glass
  • the glass original piece is Float glass.
  • the first glass sheet 11 of the step (1) is subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass sheet 11 and the preform 12 after strengthening is 75 MPa, and the flatness is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • a vacuum is applied for 540 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 30 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, and the second mold 22 is heated to 22 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 21 and the second mold 22 are passed through the first mold 21 and the second mold 22 11 and the preform 12 is pressurized, pressurized to 90 kPa, so that the first glass plate 11 gradually conforms to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and the preform 12 gradually conforms to the convex surface of the second mold 22, and remains for 1200 s, and finally A laminated curved glass 10 is obtained. During the pressurization process, the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • first glass plate 11 having a thickness of 1.6 mm and a bus roof preform 12, the first glass plate 11 being a planar solar photovoltaic embossed glass, and the bus roof preform 12 being a curved metal plate.
  • the metal plate material is preferably an aluminum alloy, and may be other materials such as stainless steel. Cutting the first glass plate 11 to a desired size, and subjecting it to edging, washing, etc.;
  • the first glass sheet 11 of the step (1) is subjected to a strengthening treatment, and the surface stress of the first glass sheet 11 after strengthening is 75 MPa, and the flatness is less than 3 ⁇ .
  • the glue layer 13 is a three-layer structure of two PVB intermediate clip photovoltaic cell strings. First, vacuum is applied for 300 s, and when the vacuum pressure is 50 Pa, the first mold 21 is not heated, the second mold 22 is heated to 100 ° C, so that the rubber layer 13 is melted, and then the first glass sheet 11 is pressurized to 80 kPa by the first mold 2.
  • the first glass plate 11 is gradually adhered to the concave surface of the first mold 21, and is adhered to the prefabricated convex surface of the bus roof for 1000 s, and finally the laminated curved glass article 10 is obtained.
  • the vacuum is continuously applied, and the bubbles in the melted rubber layer 13 are gradually discharged, and finally the laminated curved glass 10 is obtained.
  • the edge of 11 is fixed with the bus roof prefab by a metal bead.
  • the photovoltaic bus roof can realize power generation of 200-300W/m 2 .

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

涉及一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料及其制造方法，所述夹层曲面玻璃复合材料包括第一玻璃板、预制件、及设置于所述第一玻璃板和所述预制件之间的胶层，所述第一玻璃板的厚度为0.1至2.2mm。夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制备方法包括将所述第一玻璃板进行表面预置内压处理，提供所述胶层，将经表面预置内压处理第一玻璃板、所述胶层、所述预制件依次层叠后，进行低温加压成型以获得所述夹层曲面玻璃复合材料。利用该方法无需使用高温让玻璃达到软化的状态下实现玻璃弯曲，该冷弯方法制造的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料强度高、无气泡、胶合强度好，能耗低，加工效率高。

Description

一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃技术领域，特别的，涉及一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料及其制造方法。
背景技术
玻璃的透光性和优异的物理化学稳定性决定了它在建筑，车辆和新能源等领域不可替代的重要地位。钢化与夹胶是增加玻璃的安全性(比如抗风压，防坠落，防弹等)的常用玻璃加工技术。在某些特殊情况下，为了达成特殊的设计目的，双曲面的钢化与夹胶玻璃制品，比如汽车的挡风玻璃，是必不可少的。现有技术，如公开号为CN105960384A的专利，通常都先将普通平板玻璃加热到玻璃软化温度，先通过重力成型或加压成型来获取曲面玻璃，然后再将曲面玻璃和夹胶膜进行层叠，加热至中间夹胶膜能够软化的温度进行胶合，从而获得夹层曲面玻璃。
由于上述玻璃的成型是在玻璃软化温度的条件下进行，需要将玻璃加热到700度左右，整个工序时间长，能耗高。同时，在玻璃的胶合过程中，由于加压装置和玻璃表面是点接触，容易导致夹层曲面玻璃表面受力不均，进而导致夹层曲面玻璃整体力学性能不均、胶合强度不均、区域光畸变等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：为了克服现有技术中存在的上述问题，现 提供一种夹层曲面玻璃的制造方法。
一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料，其特征在于：所述夹层曲面玻璃复合材料包括第一玻璃板、预制件、及设置于所述第一玻璃板和所述预制件之间的胶层，所述第一玻璃板的厚度为0.1至2.2mm。
进一步地，所述预制件由玻璃、陶瓷、金属的至少一种制成。
一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)提供厚度为0.1至2.2mm的平板状的所述第一玻璃板，提供所述预制件；
(2)将所述第一玻璃板进行表面预置内压处理，处理后的所述第一玻璃板为平板状，所述第一玻璃板的表面应力为10-1000MPa；
(3)低温成型处理，提供所述胶层，将经步骤(2)处理后的第一玻璃板、所述胶层、和所述预制件依次层叠后，进行低温加压成型以获得所述夹层曲面玻璃复合材料。
进一步地，所述预制件由玻璃制成，所述预制件经过步骤(2)的表面预置内压处理，处理后的所述预制件为平板状，所述预制件的表面应力为10-1000MPa。
进一步地，经所述步骤(2)处理后所述第一玻璃板或所述预制件的表面应力在20-900MPa，且所述第一玻璃板或所述预制件的平整度小于5‰。
进一步地，所述步骤(3)是在真空条件下进行，真空度≤50Pa。
进一步地，所述低温成型处理是在冷压设备中进行，所述冷压设备包括用于将所述第一玻璃板成型至曲面形状的第一模具和用于压抵所述预制件的第二模具，所述第一模具或第二模具的加热温度为80℃到380℃。
进一步地，通过所述第一模具对所述第一玻璃板加压使得所述第一玻璃板 与所述第一模具的凹面贴合，通过所述第二模具对所述预制件加压使得所述预制件与所述第二模具的凸面贴合。
进一步地，所述第一模具对所述第一玻璃板或所述第二模具对所述预制件施加的压力为10-100kPa。
进一步地，所述预制件为曲面状。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，通过第一玻璃板和预制件在低温条件下对所述第一玻璃板和预制件进行加压成型获得夹层曲面玻璃复合材料，具有强度高、无气泡、胶合强度好，能耗低，加工效率高的优点。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图1是本发明的夹层曲面玻璃的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示夹层曲面玻璃沿A-A线的剖视图；
图3是图1所示夹层曲面玻璃的加压成型过程示意图。
图中：10、夹层曲面玻璃，11、第一玻璃板，12、第二玻璃板、预制件、大巴车顶预制件，13、胶层，20、冷压设备，21、第一模具，22、第二模具。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作详细的说明。此图为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
请参阅图1和图2，本发明提供了一种夹层曲面玻璃10，夹层曲面玻璃10 包括第一玻璃板11、第二玻璃板12以及设置在第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12之间的胶层13，其中，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12的厚度为0.1～2.2mm。
第一玻璃板11或第二玻璃板12可以采用浮法玻璃，优选地，第一玻璃板11或第二玻璃板12为1.6mm浮法玻璃,所述超白浮法玻璃含有70.0-73％的SiO 2和12.0-15.0％的Na 2O。
所述胶层材料为PVB(Poly Vinyl Butyral,聚乙烯醇缩丁醛)、SGP(Ethylen/Methacrylic Acid Copolymers，乙烯与甲基丙烯酸的共聚物)、POE(聚烯烃弹性体)或PO(聚烯烃)等其他热熔夹胶材料。
请同时参阅图3，图1所示的夹层曲面玻璃10的制造过程为：包括以下步骤：
(1)提供厚度为0.1至2.2mm的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，本实施方式中采用平板强化处理，而且能够最大程度地减少因玻璃与传动装置或加热装置接触造成的损伤或加热不均给玻璃性能带来的影响。对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12是在平板状态下进行强化处理，处理后第一玻璃板11或第二玻璃板12仍然为平板装，第一玻璃板11或第二玻璃板12的表面应力控制在10-1000MPa范围内，且第一玻璃板11或第二玻璃板12的平整度小于5‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。在真空压力条件下，加热第一模具21或第二模具22至80℃至380℃，使得胶 层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22分别对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行加压，压力为10KPa-100KPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持600s至2400s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。
可以理解，上述步骤(1)还可以包括将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理。
可以理解，第一模具21和第二模具22可以同时加热，也可以单独加热，以使得胶层13能够达到软化即可。
上述步骤(2)的强化处理可以为物理强化，即通过加热第一玻璃板11及第二玻璃板12至玻璃化温度，并保持一段时间，然后进行冷却。可以理解，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12的强化也可以采用化学强化，化学强化处理可以采用高温型离子交换法或低温离子交换法。比如，高温型离子交换法，在玻璃的软化点与转变点之间的温度区域内，把含Na 2O的玻璃侵入锂的熔盐中，使玻璃中的Na +与它们半径小的熔盐中的Li +相交换，然后冷却至室温，由于含Li +的玻璃表层与含Na +或K +的玻璃内层膨胀系数不同，玻璃表面产生残余压力而强化，增加玻璃的强度。
如采用低温型离子交换法，在不高于玻璃转变点的温度区域内，将玻璃侵在含有比玻璃中碱离子半径大的碱离子熔盐中。例如；用K +置换Na +，然后冷却。由于碱离子的体积差造成表面压应力层，提高了玻璃的强度。虽然比高温型交换速度慢，但由于钢化中玻璃不变形而具有实用价值。
本实施方式中采用低温型离子交换法。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12升温1h至3h，升温至300℃至450℃，加热至所需温度后将第一玻璃板11和第 二玻璃板12放置于硝酸钾或硝酸钾和硝酸钠混合溶液中，溶液温度为400℃至450℃，然后保持_240min至600min，冷却至5℃至50℃。
上述熔盐溶液的成分可以根据玻璃的成分需要进行对应调整。
(1)提供厚度为1.6mm的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12的表面应力为75MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。首先抽真空540s，至真空压力至30Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具22至120℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12加压，加压到90kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持1200s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
实施例2
(1)提供厚度为1.6mm的第一玻璃板11和厚度为0.85mm第二玻璃板12,第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11的表面应力为75MPa和第二玻璃板12的表面应力为650MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。首先抽真空300s，至真空压力至50Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具22至100℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12加压，加压到80kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持1000s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
实施例3：
(1)提供厚度为2.2mm的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12的表面应力为20MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。首先抽真空720s，至真空压力至40Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具 22至180℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12加压，加压到100kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持2400s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
实施例4
(1)提供厚度为1.3mm的第一玻璃板11和厚度为0.7mm第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11表面应力为550MPa和第二玻璃板12的表面应力为750MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。首先抽真空420s，至真空压力至40Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具22至100℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12加压，加压到60kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持800s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
实施例5
(1)提供厚度为2.2mm的第一玻璃板11和厚度为0.1mm第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11的表面应力为20MPa和第二玻璃板12的表面应力为900MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。首先抽真空420s，至真空压力至50Pa时，第一模具21加热至80℃，加热第二模具22至80℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12加压，加压到10kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持600s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
对比例：
(1)提供厚度为1.6mm的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；此步骤中第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12的厚度与尺寸及磨边、清洗等与实施例1 相同。
(2)预压处理：将经步骤(1)处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(1)处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠而成层叠体，然后将上述层叠体放入橡胶制成的真空袋内，在60℃下保持30min，然后在100℃下保持60min。
(3)将预压处理后的层叠体放入高压釜，在140℃、1.3MPa加热30min，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
为了评价本发明实施例1-5及对比例的最终获得的夹层曲面玻璃10的性能进行了测试。
应力测试：通过表面应力仪对样品进行应力测试，让光沿着玻璃表面传播,根据光弹性技术测出其表面的应力以及应力层深度，每个样品取五个以上的测试点。
透光率测试：使用分光光度计对样品进行透过率测试，测试波长范围为380nm至1100nm。
弯曲深度测试：使用三次元扫描对样品进行扫描测试弯曲深度。
胶合性能测试：使用AOI自动光学检测仪检测样品是否有气泡或胶合不良区域。
测试结果：
Figure PCTCN2018081605-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018081605-appb-000002
从以上试验数据可知，采用本发明的夹层曲面玻璃的制造方法制备的夹层曲面玻璃，在应力值、透光率、胶合性能、抗穿透性、弯曲深度、人头模型等试验中都取得了理想的试验结果，能够满足汽车领域的使用要求，相比对比实施例，本发明的实施例1-5在应力值方面优势明显，而且极大降低了能耗，节省了加工时间，提高了生产效率。
另外，本发明实施方式中，第二玻璃板12还可以替换为预制件，此时可以用于制造由第一玻璃板和预制件复合而成的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料，所述预制件可以是玻璃、陶瓷或其他与玻璃的热膨胀系数相近的材料预制件，或者由金属材质制成，所述预制件可以在与第一玻璃板11复合前经钢化或其他工艺处理已经制备成曲面形状，也可以为平板状，例如，如下的实施例6-8。
实施例6：全景车顶玻璃
(1)提供厚度为1.6mm的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12，第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12为平板状的玻璃原片，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12的表面应力为75MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将经步骤(2)强化处理后第二玻璃板12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对第二玻璃板12。首先抽真空540s，至真空压力至30Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具22至120℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板12加压，加压到90kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，第二玻璃板12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持1200s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
(4)将玻璃制品嵌入全景车顶玻璃的预制框固定。
实施例7：全景车顶玻璃
(1)提供厚度为1.6mm的第一玻璃板11和预制件12，第一玻璃板11为平板状的玻璃原片，本实施方式中，预制件为双曲面玻璃，所述玻璃原片为浮法玻璃。将第一玻璃板11分别切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11进行强化处理，强化后的第一玻璃板11和预制件12的表面应力为75MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和预 制件12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11，第二模具22的凸面正对预制件12。首先抽真空540s，至真空压力至30Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具22至120℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具21和第二模具22对第一玻璃板11和预制件12加压，加压到90kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21的凹面贴合，预制件12逐渐与第二模具22的凸面贴合，并保持1200s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
(4)将玻璃制品嵌入全景车顶玻璃的预制框固定。
实施例8：太阳能光伏大巴车顶
(1)提供厚度为1.6mm的第一玻璃板11和大巴车顶预制件12,所述第一玻璃板11为平面太阳能光伏压花玻璃，所述大巴车顶预制件12为曲面金属板，金属板材质优选为铝合金，也可以为不锈钢等其他材质。将第一玻璃板11切割至所需尺寸，并经过磨边、清洗等处理；
(2)将步骤(1)的第一玻璃板11进行强化处理，强化后第一玻璃板11的表面应力为75MPa，且平整度小于3‰。
(3)成型处理，将经步骤(2)强化处理后第一玻璃板11、胶层13、和将大巴车顶预制件12依次层叠放置于冷压设备20中，并使得第一模具21的凹面正对第一玻璃板11并与大巴车顶预制件12的凸面正对。其中胶层13为两层PVB中间夹光伏电池串的三层结构。首先抽真空300s，至真空压力至50Pa时，第一模具21不加热，加热第二模具22至100℃，使得胶层13熔化，然后通过第一模具2对第一玻璃板11加压到80kPa，使得第一玻璃板11逐渐与第一模具21 的凹面贴合，同时与大巴车顶预制的凸面贴合，并保持1000s，最后制得夹层曲面玻璃制品10。加压过程中持续进行抽真空，逐渐排出熔化的胶层13中气泡，最终获得夹层曲面玻璃10。
(4)为了保障本光伏系统的使用寿命，以金属压条将11的边部与大巴车顶预制件固定。
(5)此光伏大巴车顶可以实现200～300W/m 2的发电功率。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关的工作人员完全可以在不偏离本发明的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种夹层曲面玻璃复合材料，其特征在于：所述夹层曲面玻璃复合材料包括第一玻璃板、预制件、及设置于所述第一玻璃板和所述预制件之间的胶层，所述第一玻璃板的厚度为0.1至2.2mm。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料，其特征在于：所述预制件由玻璃、陶瓷或金属的至少一种制成。
  3. 如权利要求1-2任一项所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其包括以下步骤：
    (1)提供厚度为0.1至2.2mm的平板状的所述第一玻璃板，提供所述预制件；
    (2)将所述第一玻璃板进行表面预置内压处理，处理后的所述第一玻璃板为平板状，所述第一玻璃板的表面应力为10-1000MPa；
    (3)低温成型处理，提供所述胶层，将经步骤(2)处理后的第一玻璃板、所述胶层、和所述预制件依次层叠后，进行低温加压成型以获得所述夹层曲面玻璃复合材料。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述预制件由玻璃制成，所述预制件经过步骤(2)的表面预置内压处理，处理后的所述预制件为平板状，所述预制件的表面应力为10-1000MPa。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：经所述步骤(2)处理后所述第一玻璃板或所述预制件的表面应力在20-900MPa，且所述第一玻璃板或所述预制件的平整度小于5‰。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)是在真空条件下进行，真空度≤50Pa。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述 低温成型处理是在冷压设备中进行，所述冷压设备包括用于将所述第一玻璃板成型至曲面形状的第一模具和用于压抵所述预制件的第二模具，所述第一模具或第二模具的加热温度为80℃到380℃。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：通过所述第一模具对所述第一玻璃板加压使得所述第一玻璃板与所述第一模具的凹面贴合，通过所述第二模具对所述预制件加压使得所述预制件与所述第二模具的凸面贴合。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述第一模具对所述第一玻璃板或所述第二模具对所述预制件施加的压力为10-100kPa。
  10. 如权利要求3所述的夹层曲面玻璃复合材料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述预制件为曲面状。
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