WO2019140563A1

WO2019140563A1 - Heliostat

Info

Publication number: WO2019140563A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/072970
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨涛; 赵志辉; 彭昕; 杨世祥; 李桂英; 杨帆
Original assignee: 北京亿美博科技有限公司; 天津亿美博数字装备科技有限公司
Priority date: 2018-01-16
Filing date: 2018-01-17
Publication date: 2019-07-25
Also published as: CN107943111A; CN107943111B

Abstract

A heliostat comprises a horizontal base (1), a reflective mirror surface (2), a vertical support frame (3) connecting the base (1) and the reflective mirror surface (2), and a tracking transmission device (4). The tracking transmission device (4) comprises a hinge mechanism (43), and a first linear driver (41) and a second linear driver (42) capable of telescoping in an axial direction. One end of the support frame (3) is pivotally connected to the reflective mirror surface (2) by means of the hinge mechanism (43). A front end and a rear end of the first linear driver (41) are hinged to the reflective mirror surface (2) and the support frame (3), respectively. A front end and a rear end of the second linear driver (42) are hinged to the reflective mirror surface (2) and the support frame (3), respectively. The first linear driver (41) and the second linear driver (42) coordinate to control an azimuth angle and a pitch angle of the reflective mirror surface (2). The heliostat adopts two linear drivers, returns to a horizontal configuration under the weight of itself, has a simple structure, and effectively lowers energy consumption, thereby saving operational costs.

Description

Heliostat

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of photothermal power generation technology, and in particular to a heliostat.

Background technique

Tower solar thermal power generation is a kind of solar concentrating thermal power generation technology. It is necessary to build a tall central absorption tower on the open ground. The absorber is fixed on the top of the tower, and a certain number of heliostats are installed around the tower. The mirror concentrates the sunlight into the cavity of the tower receiver to generate high temperatures, and then generates heat through a heat exchanger that drives the steam engine to generate electricity. Heliostat is a concentrating device consisting of a supporting structure, a mirror surface and a tracking transmission. It is used to track and reflect and concentrate the sunlight into the collector at the top of the receiving tower. It is an important part of the tower solar thermal power station. Its performance determines the efficiency of solar energy utilization, which in turn affects the power generation efficiency of the entire solar thermal power generation system.

Heliostats require two-dimensional tracking of the sun. The existing heliostats generally have the following problems: the azimuth and elevation angles are separately controlled, and the structure of the control mechanism is complicated; when the weather station predicts a high wind speed and the heliostat device needs to simultaneously run to a horizontal position, a large amount of energy is required. The impact on the power grid is large; the central symmetric load-bearing structure is adopted, which makes the heliostat driver bear the alternating force, and the gap of the driver affects the positioning accuracy of the heliostat when the alternating force is applied; The bearing structure causes the mirror surface to rotate around the center. In order to avoid the lower edge of the mirror surface touching the ground, a higher bracket needs to be set, which leads to poor stability of the heliostat and an increase in system cost.

Therefore, how to simplify the structure of heliostats, reduce the driving energy consumption, and save operating costs have become technical problems to be solved in the field of photothermal power generation.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a bilinearly driven, self-reproducing flat heliostat.

A heliostat according to the present invention includes a horizontal base, a mirror surface, a vertical bracket connecting the base and the mirror surface, and a tracking transmission, the tracking transmission including a hinge mechanism, an axially retractable first linear actuator, and a second a linear actuator, wherein one end of the bracket is pivotally connected to the mirror surface by a hinge mechanism, the front end and the rear end of the first linear driver are respectively hinged to the mirror surface and the bracket, and the front end and the rear end of the second linear driver are respectively hinged to the mirror surface and The bracket, the first linear actuator and the second linear actuator cooperate to control the azimuth and elevation angle of the mirror surface.

Further, the line connecting the front end of the first linear driver and the front end of the second linear driver is parallel to the lower edge of the mirror surface.

Further, the connection between the front end of the first linear actuator and the front end of the second linear actuator is higher than the hinge mechanism.

Further, the distance between the front end of the first linear driver and the front end of the second linear driver is D, and the distance between the rear end of the first linear driver and the rear end of the second linear driver is d, where D>d.

Further, the heliostat includes measuring means for measuring the azimuth and elevation of the mirror surface.

Further, the center of gravity of the mirror surface is located at the upper rear of the hinge mechanism.

Further, the hinge mechanism includes a horizontal rotary shaft fixedly coupled to the mirror surface, a vertical rotary shaft fixed to one end of the support bracket, and a cardan shaft pivotally coupled to the horizontal rotary shaft and the vertical rotary shaft, respectively.

Further, the front end of the first linear actuator is hinged to the mirror surface by a first front hinge seat fixed to the mirror surface, and the front end of the second linear driver is hinged to the mirror surface by a second front hinge seat fixed to the mirror surface.

Further, the tracking transmission comprises a platform, the platform extends horizontally rearward from the bracket, the rear end of the first linear drive is hinged to the platform by a first rear hinge seat fixed to the platform, and the rear end of the second linear drive is fixed to the platform The second rear hinged seat is hinged to the platform.

Further, the tracking transmission includes at least one support rod that connects the platform to the bracket.

Due to the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1. The present invention uses two linear actuators to cooperatively control the azimuth and elevation angles of the mirror surface, and has a simple structure.

2. The center of gravity of the mirror surface is arranged behind the hinge mechanism, that is, the bearing mechanism is a non-central symmetrical structure. During normal operation, the linear actuator is only subjected to tension or pressure in one direction, eliminating the influence of the driver transmission gap and improving the positioning accuracy of the mirror surface.

3. Set the horizontal rotary axis so that the lower edge of the mirror is always parallel to the ground, so you can use a lower bracket to improve stability and reduce production costs.

4. The center of gravity of the mirror surface is arranged on the upper rear of the hinge mechanism, so that the mirror surface can be operated to the horizontal position by gravity, which effectively reduces the driving energy consumption and reduces the impact on the power grid.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a heliostat according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the tracking transmission device of the embodiment shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the driving of a heliostat according to the present invention.

Description of the reference signs:

1 base, 2 mirrors, 3 brackets, 4 tracking drives, 41 first linear drive, 411 first front hinge mount, 412 first rear hinge mount, 42 second linear drive, 421 second front hinge mount, 422 Two rear hinged seat, 43 hinged mechanism, 431 horizontal rotary axis, 4.32 million axial axis, 433 vertical rotary axis.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, the heliostat according to the invention generally comprises a horizontal base 1, a mirror surface 2, a vertical support 3 connecting the base 1 and the mirror surface 2, and a tracking transmission 4. It should be appreciated that in the present invention, the direction toward/near the mirror surface is defined as the front/front end (for example, the mirror surface is located in front of the bracket), and the opposite direction is the rear/rear end (for example, the bracket is located on the mirror surface). Rear).

As shown in connection with Figures 1-2, the tracking transmission includes a hinge mechanism 43, an axially retractable first linear actuator 41 and a second linear actuator 42. Specifically, the bracket 3 is pivotally connected to the mirror surface 2 by the hinge mechanism 43 so that the mirror surface 2 can be rotated up and down and left and right by the hinge mechanism 43 to realize two-dimensional tracking of the sun. In an embodiment of the invention, the hinge mechanism 43 includes a horizontal rotary shaft 431 fixedly connected to the mirror surface 2, a vertical rotary shaft 433 fixedly coupled to one end of the bracket 3, and a horizontal rotary shaft 431 and a vertical rotary shaft 433, respectively. Pivot shaft 432 pivotally connected. Since the horizontal rotation axis 431 and the lower edge of the mirror surface 2 are both placed parallel to the ground, the mirror surface 2 is limited to the horizontal rotation axis 431 during the rotation, and the lower edge is always kept parallel to the ground, so that there is no need to worry about touching the ground, so Use a lower bracket to lower the overall height of the heliostat and improve its stability. In an embodiment of the invention, the first linear actuator 41 and the second linear actuator 42 may be selected from cylinders, cylinders, and other axially extendable drives.

The front end and the rear end of the first linear actuator 41 are respectively hinged to the mirror surface 2 and the bracket 3, and the front end and the rear end of the second linear actuator 42 are respectively hinged to the mirror surface 2 and the bracket 3 to pass through the first linear driver 41 and the second The linear drive 42 cooperates to control the azimuth and elevation angle of the mirror surface 2. Specifically, the front end of the first linear actuator 41 may be hinged to the mirror surface 2 by a first front hinge seat 411 fixed to the mirror surface 2, and the front end of the second linear driver 42 may pass through a second front hinge seat fixed to the mirror surface 2. The 421 is hinged to the mirror surface 2. In addition, a platform 44 may be horizontally extended from the bracket 3, and a first rear hinge seat 412 and a second rear hinge seat 422 are fixedly disposed on the platform 44 to pass the rear end of the first linear driver 41 through the first The rear hinge mount 412 is hinged to the platform and the rear end of the second linear drive 42 is hinged to the platform 44 by a second rear hinge mount 422. Preferably, at least one support rod 45 can be provided between the bracket 2 and the platform 44 to make the platform 44 more secure.

In an embodiment of the invention, the line connecting the front end of the first linear actuator 41 to the front end of the second linear actuator 42 is parallel to the lower edge of the mirror surface 2. Wherein, the distance D between the front end of the first linear driver 41 and the front end of the second linear driver 42 is greater than the distance d between the rear end 41 of the first linear driver and the rear end of the second linear driver 42, preferably, D and d are based on the date The specification of the mirror is determined, for example, D is 2000 mm and d is 500 mm. Such an arrangement ensures that when the first linear actuator 41 and the second linear actuator 42 are simultaneously elongated/shortened by the same length, only the pitch angle of the mirror surface 2 can be adjusted; when the first linear actuator 41 and the second are elongated/shortened One of the linear actuators 42 while simultaneously shortening/extending the other of the first linear actuator 41 and the second linear actuator 42 may adjust only the azimuth of the mirror surface 2; the first linear actuator is calculated by calculation 41 and the second linear actuator 42 are elongated/shortened to different lengths, and the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the mirror surface 2 can be adjusted together to achieve the effect of cooperative control. Preferably, it may be designed that the connection between the front end of the first linear actuator 41 and the front end of the second linear actuator 42 is higher than the hinge mechanism 43 to adjust the reflection when the first linear actuator 41 and the second linear actuator 42 are simultaneously elongated. The mirror 2 tends to be vertical; when the first linear actuator 41 and the second linear actuator 42 are simultaneously shortened, the adjustment mirror surface 2 tends to be horizontal.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that when the weather station predicts that the wind speed is high and it is easy to cause damage to the heliostat, the heliostat is often returned to the loading mode even if the mirror surface 2 is running to level. The tens of thousands of mirrors in the entire mirror field return to the loading mode at the same time, which requires additional driving force, which causes great energy consumption and has a huge impact on the power grid. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the center of gravity G of the mirror surface 2 is located at the upper rear of the hinge mechanism 43, so that the mirror surface 2 can be operated to a horizontal position by its own gravity, thereby avoiding the use of additional driving force and effectively reducing energy consumption. Save operating costs.

Figure 3 shows the driving principle of the heliostat. Point A is a first front hinge seat 411 located at the front end of the first line type driver 41, point B is a first rear hinge seat 412 located at the rear end of the first line type driver 41, and point C is a portion located at the front end of the second line type driver 42. A front hinge seat 421, point D is a second rear hinge seat 422 located at the rear end of the second line type driver 44, and E and F are respectively opposite ends of the horizontal rotation shaft 431. The first linear actuator 41 is cooperatively controlled with the second linear actuator 42 such that the mirror surface 2 can be rotated about the horizontal rotary axis 431 and the vertical rotary axis 433, respectively or simultaneously, to control the azimuth and elevation angle of the mirror surface 2. Since the points B, C, E, and F are both fixed relative to the horizontal mirror, the normal direction of the quadrilateral BCEF is the normal side of the mirror surface 2. In an embodiment of the invention, the heliostat further includes a measuring device that determines the pitch and azimuth angles of the horizontal mirror 2 by measuring the pitch and azimuth angles of the quadrilateral BCEF normal direction. The measuring device can be mounted on the hinge mechanism 43 or other convenient position for measurement.

The heliostat of the present invention uses two linear actuators to cooperatively control the azimuth and elevation angles of the mirror surface; reduces the overall height of the bracket while designing the center of gravity of the mirror surface on the upper rear of the horizontal rotary shaft, thereby enabling the linear actuator to operate normally. Only one direction of force, and can rely on gravity to run to a horizontal position.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

A heliostat comprising a horizontal base, a mirror surface, a vertical bracket connecting the base and the mirror surface, and a tracking transmission, wherein the tracking transmission comprises a hinge mechanism and an axially extendable section a linear actuator and a second linear actuator, wherein one end of the bracket is pivotally coupled to the mirror surface by the hinge mechanism, and a front end and a rear end of the first linear driver are respectively hinged to the mirror surface and a bracket, a front end and a rear end of the second linear actuator are respectively hinged to the mirror surface and the bracket, and the first linear driver and the second linear driver cooperatively control azimuth and pitch of the mirror surface angle.
The heliostat according to claim 1, wherein a line connecting the front end of the first linear actuator and the front end of the second linear actuator is parallel to a lower edge of the mirror surface.
The heliostat according to claim 2, wherein a line connecting the front end of the first linear actuator to the front end of the second linear actuator is higher than the hinge mechanism.
The heliostat according to claim 3, wherein a distance between a front end of the first linear driver and a front end of the second linear driver is D, a rear end of the first linear driver and the first The distance of the back end of the two linear drive is d, where D>d.
The heliostat according to claim 1, wherein said heliostat comprises measuring means for measuring an azimuth and a pitch angle of said mirror surface.
The heliostat according to claim 1, wherein a center of gravity of said mirror surface is located at a rear upper side of said hinge mechanism.
The heliostat according to claim 1, wherein the hinge mechanism comprises a horizontal rotary shaft fixedly coupled to the mirror surface, a vertical rotary shaft fixedly coupled to one end of the bracket, and the horizontal back A cardan shaft pivotally coupled to the rotating shaft and the vertical rotary shaft.
The heliostat according to claim 1, wherein a front end of the first linear actuator is hinged to the mirror surface by a first front hinge seat fixed to the mirror surface, the second linear actuator The front end is hinged to the mirror surface by a second front hinged seat that is fixed to the mirror surface.
The heliostat according to claim 1, wherein said tracking transmission comprises a platform, said platform extending horizontally rearwardly from said bracket, said rear end of said first linear actuator being fixed to said platform A first rear hinged seat is hinged to the platform, and a rear end of the second linear drive is hinged to the platform by a second rear hinged seat secured to the platform.
The heliostat according to claim 9, wherein said tracking transmission comprises at least one support rod connecting said platform to said bracket.