WO2019137681A1 - Convertisseur continu-continu et procédé pour faire fonctionner un convertisseur continu-continu - Google Patents

Convertisseur continu-continu et procédé pour faire fonctionner un convertisseur continu-continu Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019137681A1
WO2019137681A1 PCT/EP2018/082335 EP2018082335W WO2019137681A1 WO 2019137681 A1 WO2019137681 A1 WO 2019137681A1 EP 2018082335 W EP2018082335 W EP 2018082335W WO 2019137681 A1 WO2019137681 A1 WO 2019137681A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
primary
converter
frequency
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/082335
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jitendra Solanki
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019137681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019137681A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33538—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a DC-DC converter and a method of operating a DC-DC converter.
  • a DC-DC converter is an electronic circuit capable of receiving a direct current (DC) at a first voltage level at one input and bringing it to a second voltage level, the second voltage level preferably being possibly from the first Voltage level differs to convert at an output.
  • DC direct current
  • Certain DC-DC converters are capable of outputting two different output DC voltages from a single DC input, these are also called multi-port DC-DC converters.
  • Multi-port DC-DC converters exist for a long time.
  • a multi-port DC-DC converter includes an input side transducer, a single primary winding and multiple secondary windings transformer, and a plurality of transducers connected to the secondary windings. This results in the formation of several isolated DC bus voltages that can be used to feed multiple loads.
  • the main limitation of this type of DC-DC converter is that the output voltages of the transducers connected to the secondary side can not be controlled independently. In most cases, only one voltage is controlled and other voltages vary based on the load and the turns ratio of the transformer.
  • the present disclosure relates to a DC-DC converter.
  • the DC-DC converter may include a primary circuit configured to operate with an AC wave that may include at least a first component having a first frequency and a second component having a second frequency.
  • the DC-DC converter may include a transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein the primary side for transmitting the AC wave may be electrically coupled to the primary circuit.
  • the DC-DC converter can Include secondary circuits.
  • the secondary circuits may include a first secondary circuit configured to operate at a first DC voltage, wherein the first secondary circuit may be electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer, and wherein the first secondary circuit may be configured to operate at the first frequency.
  • the secondary circuits may include a second secondary circuit configured to operate at a second DC voltage, wherein the second secondary circuit may be electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer, and wherein the second secondary circuit may be configured to operate at the second frequency.
  • the first frequency and the second frequency are different from each other, thereby allowing the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage to be independently controlled.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method of operating a DC-DC converter.
  • the method may include powering the primary circuit, for example with a DC input.
  • the method may include driving the primary circuit configured to generate an AC wave including at least a first component at a first frequency and a second component at a second frequency.
  • the method may include powering the primary side of the transformer with the AC wave.
  • the method may include rectifying the output of a first secondary winding with the first secondary circuit into a first DC voltage; wherein the output of the first secondary winding is at the first frequency.
  • the method may include rectifying the output of a second secondary winding with the second secondary circuit into a second DC voltage; wherein the output of the second secondary winding is at the second frequency.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of operating a DC-DC converter.
  • the method may include powering at least one of the secondary circuits.
  • the method may include driving at least one of the at least one powered secondary circuits to generate an AC wave for powering the transformer.
  • the method may include driving the primary circuit and / or driving at least one of the non-powered secondary circuits to generate a DC voltage.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 100 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 200 according to the invention including an input and outputs.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 300 according to the invention having a first resonator circuit configuration including a capacitor 334 and an inductive element 332 for the first secondary circuit 330, and a resonant circuit including a resonator circuit Capacitor 344 and an inductive element 342 for the second secondary circuit 340 includes.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 400 according to the invention with a second configuration for a resonator circuit, which includes a capacitor 434 and an inductor 432 for the first secondary circuit 430, and for a resonator circuit, a Capacitor 444 and an inductive element 442 for the second secondary circuit 440 includes.
  • FIG. 5a illustrates a schematic circuit of an H-bridge for a primary circuit 510.
  • Figure 5b illustrates a schematic graph 560 of voltage versus time representing a positive pulse 563 and a negative pulse 573.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b compare a variation of the magnitude of a fundamental component and the variation of the third harmonic over the variation of the pulse width at a primary winding, over an angle of pi radians.
  • FIG. 7a illustrates a schematic circuit of a multilevel inverter for a primary circuit 710.
  • FIG. 7b illustrates a schematic diagram 760 of an AC wave that may be generated with the primary circuit 710.
  • operably at [a particular] frequency may mean that a particular circuit is operative to operate on an input at about that particular frequency.
  • the circuit may have an operating frequency bandwidth that includes the frequency, where the bandwidth may also be centered at the frequency.
  • "a first secondary circuit may be configured to operate at the first frequency” may mean that when the input of the first secondary circuit is at about the first frequency, the first secondary circuit is capable of generating a DC output.
  • a second secondary circuit may be configured to operate at the second frequency
  • a third or further secondary circuit may be configured to operate in an analogous manner at a third and further frequency.
  • the term "about” in this context may refer to operation within a frequency range of between 0.5 x f o and 1.5 x f o (where f o is the first, second or third or further frequency as in the above examples ).
  • multi-level converter may refer to a converter for outputting 3 or more voltage levels, for example 4 or more levels. Zero volt is considered to be a level, for example 0, Vi and V2 (V1 F V2) would constitute 3 levels.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 100 according to various embodiments of the invention.
  • the DC-DC converter 100 may include a primary circuit 110 configured to generate a primary AC wave including at least a first component at a first frequency and a second component at a second frequency.
  • the DC-DC converter 100 may include a transformer 120 having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein the primary side for transmitting the primary AC wave to the transformer may be electrically coupled to the primary circuit 110.
  • the DC-DC converter 100 may include a first secondary circuit 130 configured to operate at a first DC voltage, wherein the first secondary circuit may be electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer 120, and wherein the first secondary circuit is operative to operate at the first Frequency can be configured.
  • the DC-DC converter 100 may include a second secondary circuit 140 configured to operate at a second DC voltage, wherein the second secondary circuit 140 may be electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer 120, and wherein the second secondary circuit 140 is for operating the second frequency can be configured.
  • the first frequency and the second frequency are different from each other, allowing independent power control at the first and second frequencies.
  • the primary circuit may be configured to generate the primary AC wave
  • the first secondary circuit may be configured to generate a first output DC voltage
  • the second secondary circuit may be configured to generate a second output DC voltage.
  • the first output DC voltage and the second output DC voltage may be independently controlled.
  • power may be transferred from the primary circuit to one or more of the secondary circuits.
  • the invention provides independent control of the first output DC voltage and the second output DC voltage, the control being performed on the primary circuit.
  • the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage may be different.
  • the second DC voltage may be equal to or greater than 1.5 times the first DC voltage.
  • the second DC voltage may be greater than 1.5 times the first DC voltage, or the first DC voltage may be greater than 1.5 times the second voltage.
  • the DC voltages may be output DC voltages or input DC voltages.
  • the primary circuit and / or (ii) at least one of the secondary circuits may be replaced by an input DC voltage Be supplied with power. If one or more input DC voltages are present, the input DC voltages may be different.
  • power may also be provided on any secondary side windings.
  • At least one of the secondary circuits may be configured to receive a DC input and may be configured to generate a corresponding secondary AC wave to be transmitted to the secondary side of the transformer.
  • the secondary circuits For generating a DC output, (i) the secondary circuits not configured to receive a DC input and / or (ii) the primary circuit are configured.
  • power may be transferred from one of the secondary circuits to another secondary circuit or to the primary circuit.
  • power from more than one of the secondary circuits may be transferred to the primary circuit, thereby generating a primary output DC voltage.
  • the circuit may be bidirectional, allowing power to travel in multiple directions.
  • the DC-DC converter is configured to switch between at least two of the first operating mode, the second operating mode, and the third operating mode. In various embodiments, the DC-DC converter may be configured to switch according to an external control. In various embodiments, the DC-DC converter may be configured to switch according to internal power demand detection on each circuit.
  • the DC-DC converter according to the invention provides the advantage that the output voltage, and thus the power flow, of different outputs can be controlled independently.
  • a primary circuit may refer to a circuit configured to generate a primary AC wave from a DC current, the primary AC wave being adapted to be applied to the primary side of the transformer.
  • the primary circuit may be configured to generate a primary AC wave in the form of a sequence of pulses, for example, square or quasi-square or step pulses.
  • the primary circuit may be configured to control the shape of the pulses, for example by controlling the width and / or the rise time and / or the fall time of the pulses.
  • the primary circuit may be configured to control the width of the pulses.
  • the primary circuit may be configured to control the frequency of the primary AC wave.
  • the primary circuit and the first and secondary circuits may each comprise switches. Exemplary circuits for achieving these pulse patterns and variation in order to control various frequency components are shown in FIG Figures 5a and 7a.
  • switches are also possible. These switch combinations are connected to primary and secondary sides of transformers and are turned on / off in a manner that achieves desired frequency components.
  • the switches of the primary circuit and the first and secondary circuits (or third or further secondary circuit, if present) may each be controlled by a driver control having common control for all primary and secondary converter circuits (or the third or further Secondary circuit, if any).
  • frequency of the AC wave may mean the frequency of the first component of the AC wave.
  • An AC wave may contain various other harmonic frequencies.
  • the first frequency may also be the fundamental frequency or the first harmonic frequency.
  • Other frequency components are known as harmonics.
  • the frequency variation can also be used as a tool to control the output voltage and power flow.
  • the primary side of the transformer includes a first winding and the primary circuit is electrically coupled to the primary winding of the transformer.
  • a secondary circuit within the scope of the invention may refer to a circuit configured to generate an output DC voltage from a secondary AC wave.
  • the secondary AC shaft may be provided by the secondary side of the transformer.
  • the secondary circuit may be configured to provide the respective output DC voltage at a particular voltage.
  • the secondary circuit may have an associated resonant frequency.
  • the voltage of the respective output DC voltage of the secondary circuit may depend on the frequency and / or the shape of the secondary AC wave, and this may depend on the frequency and / or the shape of the primary AC wave.
  • a secondary circuit within the scope of the invention may refer to a circuit configured to generate a secondary AC wave from an input DC voltage.
  • the secondary circuit may be configured to provide the respective secondary AC wave on the secondary side of the transformer.
  • the secondary circuit may have an associated resonant frequency. The frequency and / or the shape of the secondary AC wave may depend on the voltage of the respective input DC voltage provided to the secondary circuit.
  • the primary circuit may receive an input DC voltage and provide an output DC voltage through the same electrical crosspoint, for example the same electrical connection.
  • a secondary circuit may receive an input DC voltage and provide an output DC voltage through the same electrical crosspoint, for example, the same electrical port.
  • the secondary side of the transformer may include a first secondary winding that is electrically coupled to the first secondary circuit.
  • the output of the first secondary winding, wherein the first secondary winding is electrically coupled to the first secondary circuit is at substantially the first frequency.
  • substantially at the first frequency in this context may mean that the frequency component at the first frequency has a larger VRMS than any other frequency component, for example at least 3 times, further for example at least 10 times stronger than any other Frequency component, for example as the frequency component at the second frequency.
  • the secondary side of the transformer may include a second secondary winding that is electrically coupled to the second secondary circuit.
  • the output of the second secondary winding, wherein the second secondary winding is coupled to the second secondary circuit is substantially at the second frequency.
  • substantially at the second frequency in this context may mean that the frequency component at the second frequency has a larger VRMS than any other frequency component, for example at least 3 times, further for example at least 10 times stronger than any other Frequency component, for example as the frequency component at the first frequency.
  • the first secondary circuit is configured to resonate at a first resonant frequency and the second secondary circuit is configured to resonate at a second resonant frequency that is a third harmonic of the first resonant frequency.
  • the resonant frequency may be adjusted by providing capacitances and / or inductances, for example with capacitors and / or inductive elements, for example in the form of an LC resonant circuit.
  • the inductance of the resonant circuit is the sum total of the leakage inductance of the transformer winding and the connected external inductances.
  • the addition of the external inductance is a design choice that may or may not be needed as long as the desired resonant frequency is given.
  • Various configurations of the resonant circuit are possible, including series resonance, parallel resonance, and LCL resonant switching.
  • primary AC wave may refer to the AC wave, which may be measured at the electrical coupling between the primary circuit and the primary winding of the transformer when in operation.
  • primary AC wave generating [generating] primary AC wave may mean the signal generated by the primary circuit and sent to the primary side and the primary AC wave Primary winding of the transformer is provided.
  • primary output AC wave may mean that the AC wave is transferred from the primary winding of the transformer to the primary circuit, for example, such that it can be rectified and the primary circuit can produce an output DC voltage.
  • the term “secondary AC wave” may refer to the AC wave that may be measured at the electrical coupling between a secondary circuit and a secondary winding of the transformer when in operation.
  • the term “secondary AC wave generating [generated]” or “generated secondary AC wave” may mean the signal generated by the secondary circuit and provided to the secondary side of the transformer.
  • the term “secondary output AC wave” may mean that the AC wave is transmitted from a secondary winding of the transformer to the secondary circuit, for example, such that it can be rectified and the secondary circuit can generate an output DC voltage.
  • the term "DC current" may refer to a rectified current.
  • the DC current may be constant, for example, include low ripple.
  • Low ripple means absolute periodic variations of the current or voltage that are less than 33% of the maximum current or voltage within a time frame of a time period.
  • the term "DC voltage" may refer to a constant voltage.
  • the source of constant voltage for example a secondary circuit, may be configured to provide a DC current with the DC voltage.
  • output DC voltage may refer to a DC voltage generated by any of the primary or secondary circuits.
  • the term “input DC voltage” may refer to the voltage used to power any of the primary or secondary circuits.
  • the term “powering” in this context may mean an input of a DC voltage that is used to be converted to an AC wave and to another DC voltage.
  • the present invention enables independent control of the first output DC voltage and the second output DC voltage.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 200 according to various embodiments of the invention.
  • the input may include a pair of terminals, for example, the terminals may be electrical contacts.
  • the DC-DC converter may include a primary circuit 210 configured to generate a primary AC wave including at least a first component at a first frequency and a second component at a second frequency.
  • the DC-DC converter 200 may include an input 201 for providing the DC current to the primary circuit 210.
  • the DC-DC Converter 200 may include a transformer 220 having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein the primary side may be electrically coupled to the primary circuit 210 configured to receive the primary AC wave.
  • the DC-DC converter 200 may include a first secondary circuit 230 configured to generate a first output DC voltage, wherein the first secondary circuit may be electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer 220, and wherein the first secondary circuit is for operating at first frequency can be configured.
  • the DC-DC converter 200 may include a second secondary circuit 240 configured to generate a second output DC voltage, wherein the second secondary circuit 240 may be electrically coupled to the secondary side of the transformer 220, and wherein the second secondary circuit 240 is for operating can be configured at the second frequency.
  • the first frequency and the second frequency are different from each other, thereby allowing the first output DC voltage and the second output DC voltage to be independently controlled.
  • the first secondary circuit 230 may include an output 202 for providing the first output DC voltage to other circuits or electrical components.
  • the output 202 may include a pair of terminals, for example, the terminals may be electrical contacts.
  • the second secondary circuit 240 may include an output 203 for providing the second output DC voltage to another circuit or electrical component.
  • the output 203 may include a pair of terminals, for example, the terminals may be electrical contacts.
  • the power flow may be in a different direction, for example, from at least one of the secondary circuits to the primary circuit, and the DC-DC converter 200 and the primary and secondary circuits may accordingly be configured to operate in the corresponding mode.
  • the DC-DC converter 200 may also be configured to switch from one mode to another.
  • the other circuit or electrical component may in any case relate to any type of component that requires an electrical power source. It may be, for example, a display, a sensor, a processor, a computer, an electric motor, or combinations thereof.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 300 according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • the input may include a pair of terminals, for example, the terminals may be electrical contacts.
  • the DC-DC converter may include a primary circuit 310 configured to generate a primary AC wave including at least a first component at a first frequency and a second component at a second frequency.
  • the DC-DC converter 300 may include an input 301 for providing the DC current to the primary circuit 310.
  • the DC-DC converter 300 may include a transformer 320 having a primary side 328 and a secondary side 329, wherein the primary side 328 may be electrically coupled to the primary circuit 310 configured to receive the primary AC wave.
  • the DC-DC converter 300 may include a first secondary circuit 330 configured to generate a first output DC voltage at the output 302.
  • the first secondary circuit 330 may be electrically coupled to a first secondary winding 324 of the secondary 329 of the transformer 320.
  • the first secondary circuit may include a rectifier 335, for example, an active rectifier to generate the first output DC voltage.
  • the first secondary circuit 330 may be configured to operate at the first frequency.
  • the first secondary circuit 330 may include a resonant frequency to operate at the first frequency.
  • the resonant frequency may be configured by a tank circuit including, for example, an inductive line element and a shunt capacitor.
  • the first secondary circuit may be part of a series resonant converter. In the exemplary configuration shown in FIG.
  • the resonant circuit of the first secondary circuit 330 includes an inductive element 332 connected between one of the terminals of the first secondary winding of the transformer and one of the inputs of the rectifier 335 and a capacitor in parallel with the input terminals of the rectifier 335 ,
  • the DC-DC converter 300 may include a second secondary circuit 340 configured to generate a second output DC voltage at the output 303.
  • the second secondary circuit 340 may be electrically coupled to the second secondary winding 326 on the secondary side 329 of the transformer 320.
  • the second secondary circuit may include a rectifier 345, for example, an active rectifier to generate the second output DC voltage.
  • the second secondary circuit 340 may be configured to operate at the first frequency.
  • the second secondary circuit 340 may include a resonant frequency to operate at the second frequency.
  • the resonant frequency may be configured by a tank circuit including, for example, an inductive line element and a shunt capacitor.
  • the second secondary circuit may be part of a series resonant converter. In the exemplary configuration illustrated in FIG.
  • the tank circuit of the second secondary circuit 340 includes an inductive element 342 connected between one of the terminals of the second secondary winding of the transformer and one of the inputs of the rectifier 345 and a capacitor in parallel with the input terminals of the rectifier 345 ,
  • the DC-DC converter 300 and the primary circuit 310 and the secondary circuits (330, 340) may also be configured to enable power transmission from at least one of the secondary circuits to the primary circuit.
  • the DC-DC converter 300 and the primary circuit 310 and the secondary circuits (330, 340) may also be configured to switch from one mode of operation to another mode of operation.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a DC-DC converter 400 according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 is the same as the DC-DC converter 300 of FIG. 3, except that the oscillation circuit circuits have a different configuration.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 may be a primary circuit 410 include.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 may include an input 401 for providing the DC current to the primary circuit 410.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 may include a transformer 420 having a primary side 428 and a secondary side 429, wherein the primary side 428 may be electrically coupled to the primary circuit 410 configured to receive the primary AC wave.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 may include a first secondary circuit 430 including a rectifier 435 and an output 402.
  • the first secondary circuit may be part of a parallel resonance converter.
  • the first secondary circuit 430 may be electrically coupled to the first secondary winding 424 of the secondary 429 of the transformer 420.
  • the resonant circuit of the first secondary circuit 430 includes an inductive element 432 connected in series with a capacitor 434.
  • the circuit formed by the inductive element 432 and the capacitor 434 is connected in series between the first secondary winding 424 and the input terminal of the rectifier 435.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 may include a second secondary circuit 440 including a rectifier 445 and an output 403.
  • the second secondary circuit may be part of a parallel resonant converter.
  • the second secondary circuit 440 may be electrically coupled to the second secondary winding 426 of the secondary 429 of the transformer 420.
  • the tank circuit of the second secondary circuit 440 includes an inductive element 442 connected in series with a capacitor 444.
  • the circuit formed by the inductive element 442 and the capacitor 444 is connected in series between the second secondary winding 426 and the input terminal of the rectifier 445.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 and the primary circuit 410 and the secondary circuits (430, 440) may also be configured to enable power transmission from at least one of the secondary circuits to the primary circuit.
  • the DC-DC converter 400 and the primary circuit 410 and the secondary circuits (430, 440) may also be configured to switch from one mode of operation to another mode of operation.
  • a first secondary circuit may include a tank circuit as in FIG. 3, and a second secondary circuit may include a tank circuit as in FIG.
  • the DC-DC converter may include a third or further secondary circuit each configured according to the invention (ie, according to the first or second secondary as described hereinabove, but for working configured at a unique frequency).
  • Each of the secondary circuits may be configured to operate at a different frequency from the other secondary circuits.
  • Each of the secondary circuits may be electrically coupled to a corresponding secondary winding of the transformer.
  • the first frequency and the second frequency may be odd harmonics.
  • odd odd numbers are used, for example 1,
  • the voltage at the output 202, 302, and 402 may be affected by the fundamental frequency component of the AC wave, and the voltage at the output 203, 303, 404 may be affected by the third harmonic frequency component of the AC wave.
  • the primary output AC wave may be affected by the generated secondary AC wave or the generated secondary AC waves, thus power may flow from the secondary to the primary side of the DC-DC converter, with power input being independent one or more of the secondary circuits can be given.
  • Different harmonic components of the same generated primary AC wave for example of different magnitude values, can be generated by changing a pulse width of the applied voltage.
  • the primary circuit 510 may include an H-bridge as an inverter circuit, for example
  • 4 switching elements in the example 4 MOSFETs with optional integrated diodes
  • the input of the inverter circuit can be electrically coupled to the input 501, which is configured to receive a DC power.
  • the output of the inverter circuit may be electrically coupled to primary winding 522 of the primary side of the transformer.
  • Transistors 581 and 584 and transistors 582 and 585 operate in a complementary fashion, meaning that when one switch is on (low resistance state), the other is off (open or high resistance state) and vice versa. Assuming that an input DC voltage is applied to the input 501 having a positive signal at the terminal 586 and a negative signal to the terminal 587 when the transistors 581 and 585 are turned on (582 and 584 are turned off), it becomes a positive voltage applied across the primary winding 522 of the transformer when transistors 582 and 584 are turned on (581 and 585 are off) applied a negative voltage across the primary winding 522 of the transformer.
  • FIG. 5b illustrates a schematic diagram 560 of an AC wave, for example, a generated primary AC wave, as a vertical axis voltage 561 as a function of horizontal axis time 562, which includes a positive pulse 563 and a negative pulse 573 represents.
  • a positive pulse may generate the previous example of a current 588 with the circuit of FIG. 5a and the negative pulse may be generated with the current 589.
  • Only two pulses are shown as an example, one skilled in the art will understand that the AC wave is a wave, for example a pulsed wave, where the pulse shape of individual pulses can be adjusted.
  • the pulse 563 has a pulse height 564 and a pulse width 565.
  • different harmonic components of the same AC wave can be generated, for example with different magnitude values.
  • the negative pulse of the AC wave may be equal to the positive pulse, but of opposite sign and shifted by + pi radians from the positive pulse.
  • Figure 6a illustrates the variation of the fundamental component 603, with the normalized voltage magnitude on the vertical axis 602, as a function of the variation of the width of the pulse (563) over the angles from 0 to + pi radians (horizontal axis 601).
  • Figure 6b illustrates the variation of the third harmonic component 604, with the normalized voltage magnitude on the vertical axis 612 as a function of the variation of the width of the pulse (563) over the angles from 0 to + pi radians (horizontal axis 61 1).
  • a relatively small reduction in the pulse width of Pi radians drastically reduces the third harmonic component, whereas the fundamental component is only reduced by a small amount.
  • These voltages are measured (or applied) on the primary or secondary side of the transformer.
  • the positive and negative sides of the voltage wave may be symmetrical.
  • FIG. 7a illustrates a schematic circuit of a multilevel inverter for a primary circuit 710 according to some embodiments of the invention. This three-level topology of the primary circuit can be used to achieve greater flexibility to produce fully independent fundamental and other harmonic components.
  • Figure 7b illustrates an example of a waveform that may be generated by a circuit of Figure 7a.
  • the primary circuit 710 comprises 8 switches 781 to 788 which, together with the 4 clamp diodes, are connected in a multi-level inverter configuration, in this case a three-level converter.
  • the input 701 of the inverter is a voltage Vi, which assumes Vi / 2 across each of the capacitors at 704 and 705.
  • the switches can be set in a configuration of states (on or off), allowing the voltage 790 to be at levels 0, + Vi / 2, + Vi, -Vi / 2, and -Vi.
  • the voltage 790 generates the current on the primary winding 722 of the transistor 720.
  • Figure 7a illustrates MOSFETs (with optionally integrated diodes) as switches, but the invention is not so limited and other types of switches may be used.
  • the circuit of Figure 7a can be driven as explained in the following sequence. In each step, only the transistors that are turned on are mentioned, all other transistors will be off.
  • the starting configuration is the voltage 790 as zero, for example, with the transistors 783, 785, 784 and 786 turned on.
  • the transistors 781, 783, 784 and 785 are turned on, the voltage 790 is + Vi / 2.
  • transistors 781, 783, 786 and 788 are turned on, voltage 790 is + Vi.
  • the first step is repeated.
  • the transistors 783, 785, 784 and 786 are turned on, the voltage 790 is 0.
  • the circuit of Figure 7a may also be driven as explained in the following sequence. In each step, only the transistors that are turned on are mentioned, all other transistors will be off.
  • the startup configuration is turned on with the voltage 790 being zero, for example with the transistors 783, 785, 784, and 786.
  • the transistors 783, 785, 786 and 788 are turned on, the voltage 790 is + Vi / 2.
  • transistors 781, 783, 786 and 788 are turned on, voltage 790 is + Vi.
  • the first step is repeated.
  • the transistors 783, 785, 784 and 786 are turned on, the voltage 790 is 0.
  • the drive sequences for the pulses 763, 764 and 773, 774 can be repeated continuously for driving the DC-DC converter continuously.
  • the magnitude of the fundamental component and the magnitude of the third harmonic components of the primary AC wave can be independently controlled.
  • the primary circuit is powered by an input DC voltage and is configured to generate a primary AC wave.
  • the primary circuit may also be configured to receive a primary output AC wave from the primary winding of the transformer, wherein at least one of the secondary circuits is configured to be powered by an input DC voltage and is further configured to generate a secondary AC wave which is applied to the secondary winding of the transformer.
  • the DC-DC converter and the primary circuit and the secondary circuits may also be configured to switch from one operating mode to another operating mode.
  • power may be directed from one DC bus to another DC bus, for example at different DC voltages.
  • Various embodiments relate to a method of operating a DC-DC converter 100, 200, 300, 400.
  • the method may include powering at least one of the secondary circuits with an input DC voltage. For example, co-powering the first secondary circuit with an input DC voltage and / or co-powering the second secondary circuit with an input DC voltage, wherein the input DC voltage for the first and second the second secondary circuit can differ from each other.
  • the method may include driving at least one of the at least one powered secondary circuits to generate an AC wave for powering the transformer.
  • the method may further include driving the primary circuit 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 710 and / or driving at least one of the non-powered secondary circuits to generate a DC voltage.
  • the primary circuit can be driven to rectify the output AC wave from the transformer into a primary output DC voltage.
  • the DC-DC converter may be used in vehicles, such as automotive applications, for example in hybrid electric vehicles or all-electric vehicles.
  • the DC-DC converter can be used to transfer power between two, three, or more different buses of different voltages, for example, to transfer power from an intermediate bus (eg, with a voltage between the onboard power bus and the main battery bus, e.g. 48 V) to the on-board network bus (eg with nominal 12 V) and vice versa, from the 48 V bus to the main battery bus (eg with 380 V) and vice versa or from the wiring system bus to the main battery bus and vice versa.
  • the invention allows a fully controlled voltage variation, since both the on-board bus voltage and the main battery bus voltage vary.
  • the DC-DC converter may be used in photovoltaic (PV) systems, for example in home PV storage systems.
  • PV photovoltaic
  • the DC-DC converter may be used in a generic power supply where more than one independent output voltage is needed.
  • the DC-DC converter may be used in an electric scooter charger and an electric vehicle charger or converter for transferring energy from a high voltage battery to DC buses or low voltage (12V and 48V) batteries or vice versa.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

Convertisseur continu-continu (100) comprenant un circuit primaire (110), qui est configuré pour travailler sur une tension CA, qui peut comprendre au moins une première composante ayant une première fréquence et une deuxième composante ayant une deuxième fréquence, comprenant en outre un transformateur (120) comprenant un côté primaire et un côté secondaire, le côté primaire étant couplé au circuit primaire (110), et le côté secondaire comprenant un premier circuit secondaire (130), qui est configuré pour travailler à une tension CC et une première fréquence, et en plus un deuxième circuit secondaire (140), qui est configuré pour travailler à une deuxième tension CC et une deuxième fréquence. La première fréquence et la deuxième fréquence sont différentes l'une de l'autre. Le convertisseur continu-continu peut être un convertisseur continu-continu résonant et fonctionner de façon bidirectionnelle.
PCT/EP2018/082335 2018-01-12 2018-11-23 Convertisseur continu-continu et procédé pour faire fonctionner un convertisseur continu-continu WO2019137681A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018200457.9 2018-01-12
DE102018200457.9A DE102018200457A1 (de) 2018-01-12 2018-01-12 Dc-dc-wandler und verfahren zum betreiben eines dc-dc-wandlers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019137681A1 true WO2019137681A1 (fr) 2019-07-18

Family

ID=64457005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/082335 WO2019137681A1 (fr) 2018-01-12 2018-11-23 Convertisseur continu-continu et procédé pour faire fonctionner un convertisseur continu-continu

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018200457A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019137681A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1249925A2 (fr) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-16 Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH Convertisseur courant continu - courant continu
GB2484970A (en) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-02 Eltek Valere As Bidirectional series resonant DC-DC converter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1249925A2 (fr) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-16 Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH Convertisseur courant continu - courant continu
GB2484970A (en) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-02 Eltek Valere As Bidirectional series resonant DC-DC converter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018200457A1 (de) 2019-07-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102016218304B3 (de) Vorrichtung zur Spannungswandlung, Traktionsnetz und Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie
DE102008034357A1 (de) Spannungsverbindungssteuerung eines DC/AC-Aufwärts-Wandlersystems
DE102010043556A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kommutieren von Induktivitätsströmen unter Verwendung eines Matrix-Umrichters
DE102021101845A1 (de) Magnetische integration mehrerer quellen unter verwendung einer durch stromquellen versorgten transformatorstruktur mit entkuppelten sekundärwicklungen
DE102011051482A1 (de) Brückenschaltungsanordnung und Betriebsverfahren für einen Spannungswandler und Spannungswandler
WO2015161944A1 (fr) Système de transmission et procédé de charge par induction d'un véhicule à propulsion électrique, et ensemble véhicule
DE102012014178A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Laden mindestens einer Traktionsbatterie eines Elektrofahrzeugs
EP2586646B1 (fr) Dispositif électrique d'alimentation en énergie pour dispositifs d'entraînement destiné au fonctionnement d'un véhicule sur rail sur des réseaux d'alimentation électriques
DE102019119561A1 (de) Dc/dc-wandler mit grosser verstärkung für elektrifizierte fahrzeuge
EP3448712A1 (fr) Système électrique comprenant au moins deux modules
DE102010060508B4 (de) Spannungswandler mit einer Speicherdrossel mit einer Wicklung und einer Speicherdrossel mit zwei Wicklungen
DE102021208773B3 (de) Traktionsnetz für ein Elektrofahrzeug und Verfahren zum Laden
DE102016109316A1 (de) Resonanzwandlersystem
DE102014220224A1 (de) Verfahren und System zum berührungslosen Laden eines batteriebetriebenen Objekts
EP1085646B1 (fr) Convertisseur DC/DC
DE102008034671B4 (de) Unstetige Pulsbreitenmodulation für ein doppelseitiges Wechselrichtersystem
DE102014203404B4 (de) Stromrichterschaltung und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben
WO2020114649A1 (fr) Convertisseur continu/continu bidirectionnel et procédé de fonctionnement du convertisseur continu/continu
DE102019212888A1 (de) Ansteuerverfahren für einen Gleichspannungswandler und Gleichspannungswandler
WO2019137681A1 (fr) Convertisseur continu-continu et procédé pour faire fonctionner un convertisseur continu-continu
WO2013186006A2 (fr) Convertisseur multicellulaire
DE102013209383A1 (de) Batterie mit mindestens einem Batteriestrang mit mehreren Batteriemodulen sowie Verfahren zur Regelung einer Batteriespannung
WO2013092043A2 (fr) Circuit convertisseur de courant
DE102021205265A1 (de) Fahrzeug-Spannungswandler und Fahrzeugbordnetz mit einem Spannungswandler
DE102015224437B4 (de) Fahrzeugbordnetz-Spannungswandler, Fahrzeugbordnetz mit einem Fahrzeugbordnetz-Spannungswandler

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18807981

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18807981

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1