WO2019134571A1 - 天线 - Google Patents

天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019134571A1
WO2019134571A1 PCT/CN2018/124000 CN2018124000W WO2019134571A1 WO 2019134571 A1 WO2019134571 A1 WO 2019134571A1 CN 2018124000 W CN2018124000 W CN 2018124000W WO 2019134571 A1 WO2019134571 A1 WO 2019134571A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
antenna unit
antenna
slot
feeder cable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/124000
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
漆一宏
于伟
肖洋
Original Assignee
江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810005892.2A external-priority patent/CN108199133A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201820010217.4U external-priority patent/CN208142343U/zh
Application filed by 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 filed Critical 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司
Publication of WO2019134571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019134571A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna.
  • the dipole antenna unit has the defects of low gain and narrow frequency band.
  • the standing wave, cross polarization, beam width, gain, frequency band and other indicators of the sub-antenna unit are difficult to achieve the ideal state at the same time, thereby affecting the antenna performance.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to provide an antenna that can increase the gain.
  • An antenna includes at least one sub-antenna unit, the sub-antenna unit being a ring having a slot structure extending from an inner edge to an outer edge of the sub-antenna unit, the sub-antenna unit having at least a first slot having a closed end and an open end, the open end of the first slot being open at one of an outer edge and an inner edge of the sub-antenna unit, the first hole The closed end of the slot is closed, and the sub-antenna unit is in a planar form or a non-planar form.
  • the gain can be increased.
  • the antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the antenna includes a first sub-antenna unit and a second sub-antenna unit, and the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are separated or connected to each other.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are coplanar or non-coplanar.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are separated from each other, and a feeding point of the first sub-antenna unit and a feeding of the second sub-antenna unit
  • the electrical points are separated or combined into one.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are integrally connected, and a slot structure of the first sub-antenna unit and a slot structure of the second sub-antenna unit Connected to one or separated from each other.
  • the antenna is provided with a second slot, and the second slot is disposed on the antenna for connecting a return line and/or a signal line of the feeder cable. And one end of the second slot extends to the outer edge of the antenna or the inner edge of the antenna is open and the other end is closed.
  • At least one of the second apertures extends from the first sub-antenna unit onto the second sub-antenna unit.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit share a coupling member, wherein the coupling member and the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna The units are all connected; or the coupling is spaced apart from at least one of the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit.
  • the first slot is provided adjacent to a side of the sub-antenna unit for connecting a return line of the feeder cable; and/or adjacent to the sub-antenna unit for One side of the signal line connecting the feeder cable is provided with the first slot.
  • the closed end and the open end of the first slot are adjacent to a position on the sub-antenna unit for connecting a return line of the feeder cable; or the first slot
  • the closed end and the open end are both adjacent to a position of the signal line of the sub-antenna unit for connecting the feeder cable; or the closed end of the first slot is adjacent to the sub-antenna unit for connecting the feeding cable a position of the return line, and the first slot extends in a direction away from a position on the sub-antenna unit for connecting a return line of the feeder cable; or the closed end of the first slot is adjacent to the a position of the signal line for connecting the feeder cable on the sub-antenna unit, and the first slot extends in a direction away from a position of the signal line of the sub-antenna unit for connecting the feeder cable; or The closed end and the open end of the first slot are adjacent to a position on the sub-antenna unit for connecting a return line of the feeder cable, and
  • the first slot includes one or a plurality of open ends open at the same one of an inner edge and an outer edge of the sub-antenna unit, the first slot including one or Multiple closed ends.
  • the first holes are the same or different in size; and/or the first holes are L-shaped, U-shaped, curved, linear, and circular. a combination thereof; and/or a plurality of first aperture slots are provided on the antenna, and a plurality of the first aperture slots are asymmetrically arranged.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are schematic views of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention, and the left and right sub-antenna units are in a symmetrical form.
  • 3a and 3b are perspective views of an antenna of a different embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4a, 4b, and 4c are schematic views of antennas according to different embodiments of the present invention, and the left and right sub-antenna units are in an asymmetrical form.
  • 5a-5I are exemplary diagrams of antennas of different embodiments of the present invention having first apertures of different shapes.
  • 6a-6d are schematic diagrams of a feeding mode of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIGS 7a-7d are schematic illustrations of antennas of various embodiments of the present invention employing different feed systems.
  • 8a-8c are schematic illustrations of antennas of various embodiments of the present invention with coupling members disposed.
  • 9a-9j are schematic illustrations of antennas in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an antenna in the related art.
  • antenna 100 sub-antenna unit 1
  • slot structure 101 slot structure 101
  • first slot 102 slot structure 101
  • coupling member 2 second slot 103.
  • one dipole antenna unit 1 has one feeding point.
  • the left and right sides of Figure 10 are the two arms of a dipole antenna unit 1.
  • the two arms are collinear in space, that is, in a straight line, one arm is connected to the signal line of one feeding point, and the other arm is connected.
  • the return line connecting the same feed point, the two arms are not directly connected to the feed end, and each arm cannot work separately.
  • the radiation principle of the dipole antenna unit 1 only the metal arm portion belongs to the radiation structure of the antenna, and the electric field on the two collinear metal arms is the source of the radiation, so the dipole antenna belongs to the "electric antenna". It should be noted that even if the metal arm increases the slot structure by structural deformation (the slot is not necessary), since the current on both sides of the slot of the dipole antenna is the same direction, it cannot radiate and the inside does not generate. The electric field is distributed, so the slot structure is not the radiating structure of the antenna.
  • the dipole antenna unit 1 has a low main direction gain and a limited bandwidth, resulting in an antenna that cannot achieve a wide bandwidth.
  • the present invention provides an antenna 100.
  • an antenna 100 includes at least one sub-antenna unit 1.
  • the sub-antenna unit 1 is a ring having a slot structure 101 extending from an inner edge to an outer edge of the sub-antenna unit 1, the sub-antenna unit 1 having at least one first slot 102, the first slot 102 having a closed The end (the upper end of the first hole 102 in Fig. 1) and the open end (the lower end of the first hole 102 in Fig. 1). The closed section of the first bore 102 is closed.
  • the open end of the first slot 102 is open at the outer edge of the sub-antenna unit 1; or the open end of the first slot 102 is open at the inner edge of the sub-antenna unit 1. In other words, the first slot 102 is open at the edge of the sub-antenna unit 1 but does not cut off the sub-antenna unit 1.
  • the first hole 102 is provided, and the impedance of a specific position in the sub-antenna unit 1 can be changed by the first hole 102, thereby improving the matching.
  • the first hole 102 penetrates the sub-antenna unit 1 in the thickness direction of the sub-antenna unit 1.
  • the inner edge of the sub-antenna unit 1 includes the inner edge of the annular structure formed by the sub-antenna unit 1, and also includes the edge of the slot structure.
  • the antenna 100 proposed by the present invention is the antenna 100 proposed by the present invention.
  • one sub-antenna unit 1 (for example, the electromagnetic dipole antenna unit 1) has a feeding point, and the feeding point is set at an external opening position of the internal slit structure 101 defined by the annular structure, and the signal line and the return line are respectively Connecting the two sides of the opening position (Fig. 6a), the two sub-antenna units 1 have two feed points (Fig. 6b), but the two feed points can be combined into one (Fig. 6c).
  • Each of the sub-antenna units 1 can operate independently, and the two sub-antenna units 1 can be directly connected to the whole near the feeding end (Fig. 6d).
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention can be composed of two sub-antenna units 1 and the radiation principle of the sub-antenna unit 1: one sub-antenna unit 1 includes a ring structure and a slot structure 101, both of which are radiating structures of the antenna 100, wherein the ring structure
  • the upper magnetic field is the source of the radiation
  • the electric field inside the slit structure 101 is also the source of the radiation, so the electromagnetic dipole antenna unit 1 belongs to the "electromagnetic antenna".
  • the direction in which the current flows on both sides of the slot structure 101 (the slot is necessary) in the antenna 100 is different.
  • Such a current distribution forms an electric field inside the slot structure 101, and thus the gap of the antenna 100.
  • Structure 101 is radiation.
  • Each sub-antenna unit 1 can operate independently as a single antenna 100, and only one sub-antenna unit 1 has a higher gain than a separately operated dipole antenna unit 1, and the two radiating structures work together to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna 100. Therefore, the antenna 100 can achieve better performance indicators. Therefore, the sub-antenna unit 1 of the present invention can include two sub-antenna units 1 with higher gain.
  • the present invention employs the electromagnetic dipole antenna unit 1 and provides the first aperture 102 on the sub-antenna unit 1, realizing an antenna 100 having high gain characteristics and stable structure and performance.
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention comprises two parts: (1) a sub-antenna unit 1; (2) a feed system. This is shown in conjunction with Figures 1-8.
  • the sub-antenna unit 1 is a radiating element of the antenna 100 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1-7, the features are as follows:
  • the sub-antenna unit 1 may be composed of two sub-antenna units 1 (of course, may also be composed of one sub-antenna unit 1), each sub-antenna unit 1 comprising a ring structure and a slot structure 101, wherein the slot structure 101 has an external
  • the opening, the size and shape of the annular structure and the slit structure 101 are not limited;
  • the two sub-antenna units 1 can be operated separately (Fig. 2a); or the annular structures of the two sub-antenna units 1 are connected to each other to form a unitary body, so that the two corresponding slot structures 101 are also connected to each other to form an inner closed gap.
  • Structure 101 (Fig. 2b). The latter is more conducive to mechanical processing or injection molding, so that the structure and performance of the antenna 100 is more stable;
  • the two sub-antenna units 1 may all be planar structures, or at least one of the electromagnetic dipole antenna elements 1 is a non-planar structure (the annular structure portion is bent arbitrarily; or the two sub-antenna units 1 are not in the same plane);
  • the two electromagnetic dipole antenna elements 1 can be symmetrical or asymmetrical (shape, size, etc. are different (Fig. 4));
  • the annular structure may be provided with at least one first hole 102, the first hole 102 is closed at one end, and the other end is open on one side of the outer edge of the annular structure, and the two ends cannot be simultaneously opened (Fig. 5);
  • Each annular metal structure is fed through a feed point to the feed system.
  • the present invention achieves the effect of the balun structure by providing the first aperture 102.
  • the first aperture groove 102 of the present invention is disposed on the annular structure of the sub-antenna unit 1.
  • the length of the first slot 102 is adjusted to match the different operating frequencies of the antenna 100, and at the same time, the current flowing to the feeder cable can be suppressed and reduced, and the additional radiation and loss can be reduced. Thereby improving and improving the performance of the antenna 100.
  • the first hole 102 is disposed on the side of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and the first hole is disposed near the outer position of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
  • the closed end (short end) of 102 is provided with an open end (open end) of the first slot 102 at the outer edge of the annular structure.
  • the current of the core of the coaxial cable has only one flow path, but the current of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable has two paths, and a part of the current flows along the edge of the slot structure 101 of the sub-antenna unit 1, and A portion of the current flows along the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and this portion of the current can cause the performance of the antenna 100 to deteriorate.
  • the invention realizes the action of the balun structure by providing the first hole groove 102.
  • this reactance combined with the distribution parameters of the antenna 100 itself here can increase the impedance of the path flowing to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, thereby suppressing and reducing the current flowing to the outer conductor of the coaxial line, reducing the extra Radiation and loss, thereby improving and improving the performance of the antenna 100.
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention may be a dual-frequency antenna 100 (two sub-antenna units 1 are provided).
  • the first aperture 102 is formed with a balun structure having a length of 1/4 wavelength, and the metal formed inside the first aperture 102 is formed,
  • the balun structure is at a high frequency of 1/2 wavelength, the current flowing to the outer conductor of the transmission line can be suppressed and reduced to the utmost, and the additional radiation and loss can be reduced, thereby optimizing the performance of the antenna 100.
  • the first slot 102 is set in the following manner:
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention can be fabricated using a dielectric plate or a pure metal material.
  • the first hole 102 is disposed on a side close to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable (the core side of the coaxial cable is not capable of suppressing current), and the first hole is disposed near the outer position of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
  • the closed end (short end) of the slot 102 is provided with an open end (open end) of the first slot 102 at the outer edge of the annular structure.
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention can be fabricated using a dielectric plate or a pure metal material.
  • the sub-antenna unit 1 shares the same side with the microstrip line bottom layer (Fig. 7b, 7c shows the back side, not shown), the signal line of the microstrip line is on the other side (Fig. 7b, 7c shows the front side), and the metal via hole is passed at the end. Connected to the sub-antenna unit 1, as shown in Figure 7b.
  • the first hole 102 is disposed on one side of the bottom layer of the microstrip line, and the closed end (short end) of the first hole 102 is disposed near the middle of the antenna 100, and the open end of the first hole 102 is disposed at the outer edge of the annular structure. (open end).
  • Coplanar waveguide feed is used.
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention can be fabricated using a dielectric plate or a pure metal material.
  • the coplanar waveguide includes the middle metal wire and the left and right metal planes that are not connected to the metal wire.
  • the side metal plane is shared with the metal surface of the ring structure.
  • the closed end (short end) of the first slot 102 is adjacent to the middle of the antenna 100, and the open end (open end) of the first slot 102 is provided at the outer edge of the annular structure.
  • the first slot 102 may be provided on a side of the adjacent sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the return line of the feeder cable; or may be connected adjacent to the sub-antenna unit 1 for connection One side of the signal line of the feeder cable is provided with the first slot 102, and the first slot can be disposed at the position of the return line and the signal line for connecting the feeder cable adjacent to the sub-antenna unit 1. 102.
  • the present invention provides some specific structural solutions when the first slot 102 is disposed adjacent to the return line side of the feeder cable.
  • the closed end and the open end of the first slot 102 are both adjacent to the position of the return line on the sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable.
  • the closed end of the first slot 102 is adjacent to the position of the return line on the sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable, and the first slot 102 faces the back-ion antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable.
  • the direction of the position of the return line extends.
  • the closed end and the open end of the first slot 102 are both adjacent to the position of the return line of the sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable, and the middle of the first slot 102 is directed to the back-ion antenna unit 1 for The direction of the position of the return line connecting the feeder cable extends.
  • the present invention provides some specific structural solutions when the first slot 102 is disposed adjacent to the signal line side of the feeder cable.
  • the closed end and the open end of the first slot 102 are both adjacent to the position of the signal line on the sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable.
  • the closed end of the first slot 102 is adjacent to the position of the signal line on the sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable, and the first slot 102 faces the back-ion antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable.
  • the direction of the position of the signal line extends.
  • the closed end and the open end of the first slot 102 are both adjacent to the position of the signal line on the sub-antenna unit 1 for connecting the feeder cable, and the middle of the first slot 102 is directed toward the back-ion antenna unit 1 The direction of the position of the signal line connecting the feeder cable extends.
  • the open end of the first aperture 102 has at least one branch that is open at the outer edge of the sub-antenna unit 1.
  • the closed end of the first bore 102 has at least one closed branch.
  • the open end of the first aperture 102 has at least one branch open at the outer edge of the sub-antenna unit 1, and the closed end of the first aperture 102 has at least one closed branch.
  • the first slot 102 includes one or more open ends, and when the first slot 102 includes a plurality of open ends, the open ends of the plurality of first slots 102 are at the inner and outer edges of the sub-antenna unit 1
  • the same end of the edge is open, that is, the open ends of the plurality of first holes 102 are open at the inner edge of the sub-antenna unit 1 (or the antenna); the open ends of the plurality of first holes 102 are each The outer edge of the antenna unit 1 (or the antenna) is open.
  • the first hole 102 has an open end at one of the inner and outer edges of the sub-antenna unit 1.
  • first aperture 102 can also include one or more closed ends.
  • the first hole 102 in the present invention may have a plurality of different shapes or a combination of these shapes.
  • the first hole 102 may be L-shaped, U-shaped, curved, linear, or circular.
  • the first hole groove 102 may be formed by a combination of an L type, a U type, a curved type, a linear type, a circular hole type, or the like, and the combined shapes are connected to each other.
  • a combination of a plurality of the same shape may be used. .
  • the dimensions (or widths) of the first holes 102 in the present invention may be different (may be the same).
  • the plurality of first holes 102 may be disposed in a symmetrical form.
  • the plurality of first holes 102 may also be disposed in an asymmetrical form.
  • sub-antenna unit 1 is in a planar form or a non-planar form.
  • the antenna 100 includes a first sub-antenna unit and a second sub-antenna unit, the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit being spaced apart or connected to each other.
  • both the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit have the same structure as the aforementioned sub-antenna unit 1.
  • the antenna comprises a plurality of sub-antenna units 1, the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are described for convenience of description, and not the elements different from the aforementioned sub-antenna unit 1 are described.
  • the antenna 100 feed system of the present invention includes a feed point and a feed cable.
  • each electromagnetic dipole antenna unit 1 can be separately fed (or combinedly fed).
  • the feeding point is disposed at an outer opening position of the inner slit structure 101 defined by the annular structure, and the signal line and the return line are respectively connected to both sides of the opening position.
  • the feeding point can be disposed in the middle of the sub-antenna unit 1, and the signal line and the return line are respectively connected to both sides of the central slot structure 101. As shown in Figure 6.
  • the feeder cable of the present invention mainly adopts an unbalanced transmission line (such as a coaxial cable, a microstrip line, a coplanar waveguide, etc.).
  • an unbalanced transmission line such as a coaxial cable, a microstrip line, a coplanar waveguide, etc.
  • one end of the outer conductor and the inner core of the coaxial cable are respectively connected to two sides of the middle slot structure 101 of the sub-antenna unit 1, and the other end can be connected with other radio frequency components.
  • first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are separated from each other, and the feeding point of the first sub-antenna unit and the feeding point of the second sub-antenna unit are separated from each other.
  • the feeding point of the first sub-antenna unit and the feeding point of the second sub-antenna unit may also be combined into one.
  • the feed point of the first sub-antenna unit and the feed point of the second sub-antenna unit may be connected by wires or other elements to be combined into one.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are coplanar or non-coplanar.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit are connected in one piece, and the slot structure 101 of the first sub-antenna unit and the slot structure 101 of the second sub-antenna unit are connected one by one or spaced apart from each other.
  • the antenna of the present invention is provided with a second slot 103, and the second slot 103 is provided on the antenna for connecting the return line and/or the position of the signal line of the feeder cable (No.
  • the two-hole slot 103 is preferably disposed adjacent to the signal line of the feeder cable), and one end of the second slot 103 extends to the outer edge of the antenna and the other end extends to the inner edge of the adjacent antenna; or the second slot One end of the 103 extends to the inner edge of the antenna and the other end extends to the inner edge of the antenna.
  • the second slot 103 is open at the edge of the antenna and the second slot 103 does not cut the antenna.
  • the first aperture 102 and the second aperture 103 are preferably spaced apart from one another.
  • a second hole 103 is disposed on a side adjacent to the signal line, and the second hole 103 is open on one side of the outer edge of the annular structure, and the other end is closed to adjust the antenna.
  • the second hole 103 may be of a symmetrical structure, and the entire antenna having this second hole 103 is also symmetrical. This symmetrical design can be used in industrial production, but requires the antenna to have a larger size, and the effect of adjusting the antenna matching in the application is not as good as the asymmetric design.
  • a second slot 103 may be disposed on both the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit, and a second slot 103 may be disposed on the first sub-antenna unit 1, and the second slot 103 extends Go to the second sub-antenna.
  • at least one second slot 103 extends from the first sub-antenna unit to the second sub-antenna unit.
  • At least one second slot 103 may extend from the second sub-antenna unit to the first sub-antenna unit.
  • the second hole 103 in the present invention may have a plurality of different shapes or a combination of these shapes.
  • the second hole 103 may be L-shaped, U-shaped, curved, linear, or circular.
  • the second hole 103 may be formed by a combination of an L-shape, a U-shape, a curved shape, a linear shape, a circular hole type, or the like, and the combined shapes may be connected to each other.
  • a plurality of combinations of the same shape may be used. .
  • the first aperture 102 is preferably disposed adjacent to the return line of the feeder cable
  • the second aperture 103 is preferably disposed adjacent to the signal line of the feeder cable.
  • the present invention can adjust the matching of the antenna by providing different numbers, shapes, lengths and sizes of the first apertures 102.
  • the width of the first hole 102 itself is not limited as long as the processing is satisfied.
  • the length of the first slot 102 is determined by the matching of the antenna itself.
  • the width of each of the first holes 102 is not limited, and the width is uniform for convenience in processing.
  • the first slot 102 is disposed on the side of the signal line of the feeder cable.
  • the first bore 102 has an open end and a closed end, the open end being positionable on the inner or outer edge of the annular structure and the other end being the closed end. Both ends cannot be closed at the same time or open at the same time.
  • the following figures show several main forms of hole slots: 1. Open on one side of the inner edge of the antenna ring structure, and close on the other side (this form adjusts the best effect), 2. On the outer edge of the antenna ring structure One side is open and the other side is closed.
  • the first hole 102 in the present invention may be straight or curved, and may be bent, and the number of times of bending is not limited.
  • the example given above is a picture that is bent once and twice, because the antenna itself has a limited size, and the first hole 102 is thus placed after the bending.
  • the first hole 102 may be combined with other shapes by the straight first hole 102, or may be combined with other shapes by the curved first hole 102, as shown in FIG.
  • the circular, rectangular or other shape can be shortened to shorten the length of the first aperture 102.
  • the end of the first hole groove 102 is not limited to be a branch, and may be a plurality of branches.
  • the antenna matching can be fine-tuned by changing the length of different branches, as shown in Figure 3.
  • a plurality of first holes 102 may be provided, but in principle, the first hole 102 which is asymmetric may cause a phase difference between the currents of the left and right sub-antennas, thereby adjusting antenna matching and achieving the most Good results, as shown in Figure 4.
  • a plurality of first holes 102 may be provided, and may be disposed up and down, as shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 5, one open end of the two first holes 102 is at the outer edge of the annular structure. One inside the inner edge of the ring structure.
  • antenna 100 of the present invention may further include a third portion, (3) coupling member 2.
  • a coupling member 2 can be provided on the sub-antenna unit 1, the coupling member 2 is connected to the sub-antenna unit 1 or the coupling member 2 and the sub-antenna unit 1 are spaced apart from each other.
  • the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit share a coupling member 2, and the coupling member 2 is connected to the first sub-antenna unit and the second sub-antenna unit or the coupling member 2 and the At least one of a sub-antenna unit and a second sub-antenna unit are separated.
  • the coupling member 2 is disposed on one side of the sub-antenna unit 1, and may be connected to other antenna 100 components such as the sub-antenna unit 1 or may be disconnected as shown in FIG.
  • the parameters such as the shape, the number, the size, the position of the coupling member 2, the spacing of the adjacent coupling members 2, and the like can be adjusted according to the index requirements of the antenna 100 to achieve optimal performance.
  • the coupling member 2 is disposed at the outer edge of the antenna 100, which can compensate the antenna 100 for the reactance and widen the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna 100 at a low frequency. At the same time, changing the area and position of the coupling member 2 can change the resonant frequency of the antenna 100 to obtain optimum performance.
  • the metal structures formed inside the first holes 102 on both sides actually belong to the balun structure, that is, the invention utilizes the sharing effect of the double balun structure design, effectively suppressing and reducing the flow to the outer conductor of the coaxial line. Current, reducing additional radiation and losses, thereby improving and improving the performance of the antenna 100.
  • the invention provides a dual-frequency high-gain electromagnetic dipole antenna unit 1 whose radiation principle is completely different from that of the dipole antenna unit 1.
  • the antenna 100 composed of the sub-antenna unit 1 of the invention has high gain, stable structure and easy processing. Production and other characteristics.
  • the antenna 100 of the present invention can meet the working requirements in a multi-domain and complex environment.

Abstract

一种天线(100)，包括至少一个子天线单元(1)，所述子天线单元(1)为具有缝隙结构(101)的环形，所述子天线单元(1)具有至少一个第一孔槽(102)，所述第一孔槽(102)具有闭合端和开口端，所述第一孔槽(102)的开口端在所述子天线单元(1)的外边沿和内边沿中的一个开放，所述第一孔槽(102)的闭合端封闭。

Description

天线 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种天线。
背景技术
相关技术中偶极子天线单元存在增益低、频带窄的缺陷，该类子天线单元的驻波、交叉极化、波束宽度、增益、频带等指标很难同时达到理想状态，从而影响天线性能。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种天线，可以提高增益。
根据本发明实施例的天线，包括至少一个子天线单元，所述子天线单元为具有缝隙结构的环形，所述缝隙结构从子天线单元的内边沿延伸到外边沿，所述子天线单元具有至少一个第一孔槽，所述第一孔槽具有闭合端和开口端，所述第一孔槽的开口端在所述子天线单元的外边沿和内边沿中的一个开放，所述第一孔槽的闭合端封闭，所述子天线单元为平面形式或非平面形式。
根据本发明实施例的天线，可以提高增益。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的天线，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述天线包括第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元相互隔开或连成一体，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元共面或不共面。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元相互隔开，且所述第一子天线单元的馈电点和所述第二子天线单元的馈电点相互隔开或合并为一个。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元连接为一体，且所述第一子天线单元的缝隙结构和所述第二子天线单元的缝隙结构连通为一个或相互隔开。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述天线上设有第二孔槽，所述第二孔槽设在所述天线上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线和/或信号线的位置，且所述第二孔槽的一端延伸到所述天线外边沿或天线的内边沿开放且另一端封闭。
在本发明的一个实施例中，至少一个所述第二孔槽从所述第一子天线单元上延伸到所述第二子天线单元上。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元共用一个耦合件，其中，所述耦合件与所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元均相连；或所述耦合件与所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元中的至少一个隔开。
在本发明的一个实施例中，邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的一侧设有所述第一孔槽；和/或邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的一侧设有所述第一孔槽。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置；或所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置；或所述第一孔槽的闭合端邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置，且所述第一孔槽朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置的方向延伸；或所述第一孔槽的闭合端邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置，且所述第一孔槽朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置的方向延伸；或所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置，且所述第一孔槽的中部朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置的位置延伸；或所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置，且所述第一孔槽的中部朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置的方向延伸。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第一孔槽包括一个或在所述子天线单元的内边沿和外边沿中的同一处开放的多个开口端，所述第一孔槽包括一个或多个闭合端。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述第一孔槽的各处尺寸相同或不相同；和/或所述第一孔槽为L型、U型、曲线型、直线型、圆孔型及其组合；和/或所述天线上设有多个第一孔槽，且多个所述第一孔槽非对称布置。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个实施例的天线的示意图。
图2a和图2b是本发明不同实施例的天线的示意图，左右子天线单元为对称形式。
图3a和图3b是本发明不同实施例的天线的立体示例图。
图4a、图4b、图4c是本发明不同实施例的天线的示意图，左右子天线单元为不对称形式。
图5a-图5I是本发明不同实施例的天线的示例图，具有不同形状的第一孔槽。
图6a-图6d是本发明不同实施例的天线的馈电方式示意图。
图7a-图7d是本发明不同实施例的天线的示意图，采用不同的馈电系统。
图8a-图8c是本发明不同实施例的天线的示意图，设置了耦合件。
图9a-图9j是本发明不同实施例的天线的示意图。
图10是相关技术中的天线的示意图。
附图标记：天线100、子天线单元1、缝隙结构101、第一孔槽102，耦合件2，第二孔槽103。
具体实施方式
相关技术中，偶极子天线单元1中，一个偶极子天线单元1具有一个馈电点。图10所示左右两侧为一个偶极子天线单元1的两个臂，两个臂在空间上共线，即处在一条直线上，一个臂连接一个馈电点的信号线，另一个臂连接同一馈电点的返回线，两个臂靠近馈电一端不能直接连接，每个臂不能分别单独工作。
偶极子天线单元1的辐射原理：只有金属臂部分属于该天线的辐射结构，两个共线的金属臂上的电场是辐射的源，故偶极子天线属于“电天线”。需要说明的是，即使金属臂通过结构变形而增加槽缝结构(槽缝不是必须的)，但由于偶极子天线槽缝两边的电流是同向的，因此它不能辐射，内部也不会产生电场分布，故该槽缝结构不是天线的辐射结构。
因此，该偶极子天线单元1主方向增益低，且带宽有限，导致天线无法实现较宽带宽。
在相关技术中，在利用非平衡传输线(如同轴线缆等)给偶极子天线单元1、电磁偶极子天线单元1等平衡振子馈电时，非平衡传输线中的电流会流到传输线外导体上，造成额外的辐射和损耗，因此，需要设计巴伦结构来抑制、减少流到传输线外导体上的电流，从而改善、提高天线的性能。
为此，本发明提供了一种天线100。
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1所示，根据本发明实施例的天线100，包括至少一个子天线单元1。
其中，子天线单元1为具有缝隙结构101的环形，缝隙结构101从子天线单元1的内边沿延伸到外边沿，子天线单元1具有至少一个第一孔槽102，第一孔槽102具有闭合端(图1中第一孔槽102的上端)和开口端(图1中第一孔槽102的下端)。第一孔槽102的闭合段封闭。
其中，第一孔槽102的开口端在子天线单元1的外边沿开放；或第一孔槽102的开口端在子天线单元1的内边沿开放。换句话说，第一孔槽102在子天线单元1的边沿开放但 是不会切断子天线单元1。
根据本发明实施例的天线100，设置了第一孔槽102，通过第一孔槽102可以改变子天线单元1中特定位置的阻抗，从而改善匹配。
优选地，第一孔槽102沿子天线单元1的厚度方向贯通子天线单元1。
其中，子天线单元1的内边沿包括子天线单元1形成的环形结构的内边沿，也包括缝隙结构的边沿。
本发明提出的天线100中。
如图6所示，一个子天线单元1(例如电磁偶极子天线单元1)具有一个馈电点，馈电点设在环形结构限定的内部缝隙结构101对外开口位置，信号线和返回线分别连接开口位置的两侧(图6a)，两个子天线单元1具有两个馈电点(图6b)，但两个馈电点可以合并为一个(图6c)。每个子天线单元1均可独立工作，两个子天线单元1靠近馈电一端可以直接连接成整体(图6d)。
本发明天线100可以由两个子天线单元1组合而成，子天线单元1的辐射原理：一个子天线单元1包括环形结构和缝隙结构101，两者都是天线100的辐射结构，其中，环形结构上的磁场是辐射的源，而缝隙结构101内部的电场也是辐射的源，因此电磁偶极子天线单元1属于“电磁天线”。
尤其需要说明的是，天线100中的缝隙结构101(缝隙是必须的)的缝隙两侧电流流动的方向是不同的，这样的电流分布会在缝隙结构101内部形成电场，因而本天线100的缝隙结构101是辐射的。
每个子天线单元1均可作为一个单独的天线100独立工作，仅一个子天线单元1的增益就高于一个单独工作的偶极子天线单元1，两个辐射结构共同作用可提高天线100辐射效率，故能使天线100达到较良好的性能指标。故本发明子天线单元1可以包括两个子天线单元1，具有更高增益。
另外，本发明采用电磁偶极子天线单元1并在子天线单元1上设置第一孔槽102，实现了一种具有高增益特性且结构与性能稳定的天线100。本发明天线100包括两部分：(1)子天线单元1；(2)馈电系统。结合图1至8所示。
子天线单元1是本发明天线100的辐射件。如图1-图7所示，其特征如下：
1.子天线单元1可以由两个子天线单元1组成(当然也可以由一个子天线单元1组成)，每个子天线单元1均包括一个环形结构和一个缝隙结构101，其中缝隙结构101具有一个对外的开口,环形结构和缝隙结构101的大小、形状等不受限制；
2.两个子天线单元1可分开独立工作(图2a)；或两个子天线单元1的环形结构相互连接形成一个整体，使得两个相应的缝隙结构101也相互连接成整体，形成内封闭的缝隙结 构101(图2b)。后者更利于机械加工或注模成型，使天线100结构及性能更加稳定；
3.如图3，两个子天线单元1可以都是平面结构，或至少一个电磁偶极子天线单元1是非平面结构(环形结构部分任意弯折；或者两个子天线单元1不在同一平面)；
4.两个电磁偶极子天线单元1可以对称或不对称(形状、大小等不同(图4))；
5.环形结构上可设置至少一个第一孔槽102，该第一孔槽102一端闭合，另一端在环形结构外边缘一侧开放，两端不能同时开放(图5)；
6.每个环形金属结构通过馈电点连接馈电系统进行馈电。
本发明通过设置第一孔槽102的方式来实现巴伦结构的作用。本发明第一孔槽102设置在子天线单元1的环形结构上。通过设置第一孔槽102，调节第一孔槽102的长度来匹配天线100的不同工作频率，同时，可以很好地抑制、减少流到馈电线缆上的电流，降低额外的辐射和损耗，从而改善、提高天线100的性能。
以采用同轴线缆进行馈电为例，如图7所示，第一孔槽102设置在靠近同轴线缆外导体一侧，靠近同轴线缆外导体的焊接位置设置第一孔槽102的闭合端(短路端)，在环形结构外边缘处设置第一孔槽102的开放端(开路端)。
从图7a中可以看出，同轴线缆内芯的电流只有一条流动路径，但同轴线缆外导体的电流有两条路径，其中一部分电流沿子天线单元1缝隙结构101边缘流动，另一部分电流沿同轴线缆外导体流动，这部分电流会导致天线100性能恶化。本发明通过设置第一孔槽102来实现巴伦结构的作用，因第一孔槽102一端开路，经过一定电长度后变换，到馈电点附近的短路端时，相当于补偿了一个额外的电抗，这个电抗与天线100自身在此处的分布参数结合，可以使向同轴线缆外导体流动的路径的阻抗变大，进而抑制、减少流到同轴线外导体上的电流，降低额外的辐射和损耗，从而改善、提高天线100的性能。
具体地，本发明天线100可以为双频天线100(设置两个子天线单元1)，当第一孔槽102形成的巴伦结构长度为1/4波长，且第一孔槽102内部形成的金属巴伦结构长度为高频1/2波长时，可以最大程度地抑制、减少流到传输线外导体上的电流并降低额外的辐射和损耗，从而使天线100的性能达到最优。
以下，举例在不同的非平衡传输线馈电方式下，第一孔槽102的设置方式：
A：采用同轴线缆馈电。本发明天线100可使用介质板或纯金属材质制作。第一孔槽102设置在靠近同轴线缆外导体一侧(设置在同轴线缆内芯一侧不能起到抑制电流的作用)，靠近同轴线缆外导体的焊接位置设置第一孔槽102的闭合端(短路端)，在环形结构外边缘处设置第一孔槽102的开放端(开路端)。
B：采用微带线馈电。本发明天线100可使用介质板或纯金属材质制作。子天线单元1与微带线底层共用同一侧(图7b、7c示背面，未示出)，微带线的信号线在另一侧(图7b、 7c示正面)，在末端通过金属过孔与子天线单元1连接，如图7b。第一孔槽102设置在微带线底层一侧，在靠近天线100中部的位置设置第一孔槽102的闭合端(短路端)，在环形结构外边缘处设置第一孔槽102的开放端(开路端)。
C：采用共面波导馈电。本发明天线100可使用介质板或纯金属材质制作。共面波导馈电方式请见图7-4黑色框内结构部分及其左侧原理图，共面波导包括中间的金属线及与该金属线不连接的左侧、右侧金属平面，该两侧金属平面和环形结构金属面共用。第一孔槽102闭合端(短路端)靠近天线100中部，在环形结构外边缘处设置第一孔槽102的开放端(开路端)。
在本发明中，可以在邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的一侧设有所述第一孔槽102；也可以在邻近所述子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的一侧设有所述第一孔槽102，还可以在邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线和信号线的位置都设置第一孔槽102。
其中，在邻近馈电线缆的返回线一侧设置第一孔槽102时，本发明提供了一些具体的结构方案。
1、第一孔槽102的闭合端和开口端均邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置。
2、第一孔槽102的闭合端邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置，且第一孔槽102朝向背离子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置的方向延伸。
3、第一孔槽102的闭合端和开口端均邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置，且第一孔槽102的中部朝向背离子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置的方向延伸。
另外，在邻近馈电线缆的信号线一侧设置第一孔槽102时，本发明提供了一些具体的结构方案。
1、第一孔槽102的闭合端和开口端均邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置。
2、第一孔槽102的闭合端邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置，且第一孔槽102朝向背离子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置的方向延伸。
3、第一孔槽102的闭合端和开口端均邻近子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置，且第一孔槽102的中部朝向背离子天线单元1上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置的方向延伸。
在本发明的一个实施例中，第一孔槽102的开口端具有至少一个在子天线单元1的外边沿开放的支路。另外，也可以设置成第一孔槽102的闭合端具有至少一个封闭的支路。 或者，第一孔槽102的开口端具有至少一个在子天线单元1的外边沿开放的支路，且第一孔槽102的闭合端具有至少一个封闭的支路。
换句话说，第一孔槽102包括一个或多个开口端，在第一孔槽102包括多个开口端时，多个第一孔槽102的开口端在子天线单元1的内边沿和外边沿中的同一处开放，也就是说，多个第一孔槽102的开口端均在子天线单元1(或者说天线)的内边沿开放；多个第一孔槽102的开口端均在子天线单元1(或者说天线)的外边沿开放。简而言之，第一孔槽102在子天线单元1的内边沿和外边沿中的一处具有开口端。
另外，第一孔槽102也可以包括一个或多个闭合端。
另外，本发明中的第一孔槽102可以具有多种不同的形状，或者是这些形状的组合，例如，第一孔槽102可以为L型、U型、曲线型、直线型、圆孔型等，第一孔槽102也可以由L型、U型、曲线型、直线型、圆孔型等组合形成，组合的多种形状相互连通，当然，也可以是同一种形状的多个的组合。
而且，本发明中的第一孔槽102的各处尺寸(或者说宽度)可以不相同(也可以相同)。
而且，在天线上设置多个第一孔槽102时，多个第一孔槽102可设置成对称的形式，当然，多个第一孔槽102也可以设置为非对称的形式。
进一步地，子天线单元1为平面形式或非平面形式。
在本发明的一个实施例中，天线100包括第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元，第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元相互隔开或连成一体。
需要说明的是，第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元均与前述的子天线单元1的结构相同。换言之，天线包括多个子天线单元1，描述为第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元只是为了方便描述，并非是描述了与前述的子天线单元1不同的元件。
另外，本发明天线100馈电系统包括馈电点和馈电线缆。
如本发明天线100的两个电磁偶极子天线单元1采用独立工作方式，互不相连，如图6所示，则每个电磁偶极子天线单元1可单独馈电(或合并馈电)，馈电点设在环形结构限定的内部缝隙结构101对外开口位置，信号线和返回线分别连接开口位置的两侧。
如本发明子天线单元1的两个电磁偶极子天线单元1连接形成整体，则可将馈电点设置在子天线单元1中部，信号线和返回线分别连接中部缝隙结构101的两侧。如图6所示。
本发明馈电线缆主要采用非平衡传输线(如同轴线缆、微带线、共面波导等)。例如，同轴线缆的外导体和内芯一端分别连接子天线单元1中部缝隙结构101的两侧，另一端可连接其他射频部件。
进一步地，第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元相互隔开，且第一子天线单元的馈电点和第二子天线单元的馈电点相互隔开。
另外，第一子天线单元的馈电点和第二子天线单元的馈电点也可以合并为一个。例如，第一子天线单元的馈电点和第二子天线单元的馈电点可以通过导线或其它元件连接，从而合并为一个。
优选地，第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元共面或不共面。
有利地，第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元连接为一体，且第一子天线单元的缝隙结构101和第二子天线单元的缝隙结构101连接为一个或相互隔开。
为了进一步地提高天线的性能，本发明的天线上设有了第二孔槽103，第二孔槽103设在天线上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线和/或信号线的位置(第二孔槽103优选地设置于邻近馈电线缆的信号线的位置)，且第二孔槽103的一端延伸到天线外边沿开放且另一端延伸到邻近天线的内边沿；或者第二孔槽103的一端延伸到天线的内边沿开放且另一端延伸到天线的内边沿。换句话说，第二孔槽103在天线的边沿开放，而且第二孔槽103不会割断天线。另外，第一孔槽102和第二孔槽103优选地是相互间隔的。
例如在邻近信号线一侧设置了第二孔槽103，该第二孔槽103在环形结构外边缘一侧开口，另一端闭合，起到调节天线匹配的作用。与图1-图5不同的是，第二孔槽103可以是对称结构，同时具有这个第二孔槽103的整个天线也是对称的。这种对称设计在工业生产中可以运用，但要求天线需具有较大尺寸，且应用中调节天线匹配的效果不如不对称设计的效果好。
而且，可以在第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元上都设置第二孔槽103，还可以在第一个子天线单元1上设置第二孔槽103，而且该第二孔槽103延伸到第二个子天线上。换言之，至少一个第二孔槽103从第一子天线单元上延伸到第二子天线单元上。
当然，也可是至少一个第二孔槽103从第二子天线单元上延伸到第一子天线单元上。
另外，本发明中的第二孔槽103可以具有多种不同的形状，或者是这些形状的组合，例如，第二孔槽103可以为L型、U型、曲线型、直线型、圆孔型等，第二孔槽103也可以由L型、U型、曲线型、直线型、圆孔型等组合形成，组合的多种形状相互连通，当然，也可以是同一种形状的多个的组合。
本发明中，第一孔槽102优选地设置于邻近馈电线缆的返回线，第二孔槽103优选设置于邻近馈电线缆的信号线。
另外，本发明可以通过设置不同数量、不同形状、长度和大小的第一孔槽102来调节天线的匹配。第一孔槽102自身的宽度不受限制，只要加工工艺满足即可。第一孔槽102的长度由天线自身的匹配情况来决定。第一孔槽102每一截宽度不限定一致，图中宽度一致是为了方便加工。
特点：
1.优选地，第一孔槽102设置在馈电线缆信号线一侧。
2.第一孔槽102具有一个开口端和闭合端，开口端可以设置在环形结构的内边缘或外边缘，另一端为闭合端。两端不能同时闭合或同时开放。
下图中示出了孔槽几种主要形式：1.在天线环形结构内边缘一侧开口，而另一侧闭合(这种形式调节匹配的效果最好)，2.在天线环形结构外边缘一侧开口，另一侧闭合。
其中，参照图9，本发明中的第一孔槽102可以是直的也可以有弯曲，可以有弯折，弯折的次数不限。上图给的例子是弯折一次和两次的图片，因为天线自身尺寸有限，弯折后才放得下这么长的第一孔槽102。
如图9，第一孔槽102可以由直线第一孔槽102跟其他形状组合，也可以由曲线第一孔槽102与其他形状组合，如图2所示。设置成圆形，矩形或者其他形状可以缩短第一孔槽102的长度。
如图9，第一孔槽102末端闭合处不限定是否是一个枝节，可以是多个枝节。通过改变不同枝节的长度可以微调天线的匹配状况，如图3所示。
如图9，第一孔槽102可以设置多个，但从原理上来说不对称的第一孔槽102，可使左右两边子天线的电流产生相位差，从而能够调节天线匹配，且能达到最好的效果，如图4所示。
如图9，第一孔槽102可以设置多个，除了如图4可以左右设置外，还可以上下设置，如图5所示，两个第一孔槽102一个开口端在环形结构外边缘，一个在环形结构内边缘。
另外，为了进一步改善天线100匹配，根据本发明其他一些实施例，本发明天线100还可包括第3部分，(3)耦合件2。
可以在子天线单元1上设有耦合件2，耦合件2与子天线单元1相连或耦合件2与子天线单元1相互隔开。
在本发明的一个实施例中，第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元共用一个耦合件2，且耦合件2与第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元均相连或耦合件2与第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元中的至少一个隔开。
耦合件2设置在子天线单元1的一侧，与子天线单元1等其他天线100部件可以相连，或者不相连，如图8所示。耦合件2的形状、数量、大小、位置、相邻耦合件2的间距等参数可依据天线100指标要求进行调整以实现最优性能。
耦合件2的作用：耦合件2设置在天线100外边缘处，可以给天线100补偿电抗，拓宽天线100低频的驻波带宽。同时，改变耦合件2的面积与位置可以改变天线100的谐振频率以获得最优性能。
同时，在两侧第一孔槽102内部形成的金属结构实际上同样属于巴伦结构，即本发明 利用双巴伦结构设计的共用作用，有效地抑制、减少流到同轴线外导体上的电流，降低额外的辐射和损耗，从而改善、提高天线100的性能。
本发明提出一种双频高增益电磁偶极子天线单元1，其辐射原理与偶极子天线单元1完全不同，利用本发明子天线单元1组成的天线100具有增益高、结构稳定、易于加工生产等特点。本发明天线100可满足多领域、复杂环境下的工作要求。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个子天线单元，所述子天线单元为具有缝隙结构的环形，所述缝隙结构从子天线单元的内边沿延伸到外边沿，所述子天线单元具有至少一个第一孔槽，所述第一孔槽具有闭合端和开口端，所述第一孔槽的开口端在所述子天线单元的外边沿和内边沿中的一个开放，所述第一孔槽的闭合端封闭，所述子天线单元为平面形式或非平面形式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线包括第一子天线单元和第二子天线单元，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元相互隔开或连成一体，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元共面或不共面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元相互隔开，且所述第一子天线单元的馈电点和所述第二子天线单元的馈电点相互隔开或合并为一个。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元连接为一体，且所述第一子天线单元的缝隙结构和所述第二子天线单元的缝隙结构连通为一个或相互隔开。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线上设有第二孔槽，所述第二孔槽设在所述天线上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线和/或信号线的位置，且所述第二孔槽的一端延伸到所述天线外边沿或天线的内边沿开放且另一端封闭。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的天线，其特征在于，至少一个所述第二孔槽从所述第一子天线单元上延伸到所述第二子天线单元上。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元共用一个耦合件，
    其中，所述耦合件与所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元均相连；或
    所述耦合件与所述第一子天线单元和所述第二子天线单元中的至少一个隔开。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，
    邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的一侧设有所述第一孔槽；和/或
    邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的一侧设有所述第一孔槽。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置；或
    所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置；或
    所述第一孔槽的闭合端邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置，且所述第一孔槽朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置的方向延伸；或
    所述第一孔槽的闭合端邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置，且所述第一孔槽朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置的方向延伸；或
    所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置，且所述第一孔槽的中部朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的返回线的位置的位置延伸；或
    所述第一孔槽的闭合端和开口端均邻近所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置，且所述第一孔槽的中部朝向背离所述子天线单元上用于连接馈电线缆的信号线的位置的方向延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第一孔槽包括一个或在所述子天线单元的内边沿和外边沿中的同一处开放的多个开口端，所述第一孔槽包括一个或多个闭合端。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，
    所述第一孔槽的各处尺寸相同或不相同；和/或
    所述第一孔槽为L型、U型、曲线型、直线型、圆孔型及其组合；和/或
    所述天线上设有多个第一孔槽，且多个所述第一孔槽非对称布置。
PCT/CN2018/124000 2018-01-03 2018-12-26 天线 WO2019134571A1 (zh)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070040745A1 (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-02-22 Hong-Ren Chen Multi-band frequency loop-slot antenna
CN205646146U (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-10-12 加利电子(无锡)有限公司 小型化lte 600mhz内置天线
CN106340711A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-18 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 双极化天线
CN108199133A (zh) * 2018-01-03 2018-06-22 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线
CN208142343U (zh) * 2018-01-03 2018-11-23 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070040745A1 (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-02-22 Hong-Ren Chen Multi-band frequency loop-slot antenna
CN205646146U (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-10-12 加利电子(无锡)有限公司 小型化lte 600mhz内置天线
CN106340711A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-18 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 双极化天线
CN108199133A (zh) * 2018-01-03 2018-06-22 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线
CN208142343U (zh) * 2018-01-03 2018-11-23 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 天线

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