WO2019128373A1

WO2019128373A1 - Detection method, device, computer device and storage medium for faulty device

Info

Publication number: WO2019128373A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/109568
Authority: WO
Inventors: 欧志利; 何海亮
Original assignee: 深圳市欧瑞博科技有限公司
Priority date: 2017-12-28
Filing date: 2018-10-10
Publication date: 2019-07-04
Also published as: CN109975629A

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present invention are a detection method, device, computer device and storage medium for a faulty device, belonging to the technical field of device detection. The detection method for the faulty device comprises: detecting the total power of electric devices in the same loop at different power-on times; comparing the detected total power to a pre-set standard total power that corresponds to the power-on times, and determining that at least one electric device in the loop is faulty when the difference between the detected total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value. In the present application, the faulty device is located in a certain determined loop, thus greatly reducing an inspection range for a inspector; and when there is only one electric device in the loop, the specific electric device may be directly located, thereby omitting the inspection work of the inspector and improving in every aspect the efficiency of detecting faulty devices.

Description

Method, device, computer device and storage medium for detecting faulty device

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of device detection technologies, and in particular, to a method, device, computer device and storage medium for detecting a faulty device.

Background technique

In the traditional technology, the management of the device adopts the method of human management. Therefore, the user often cannot obtain the usage of the device in time, and can only check one by one through the form of human inspection to confirm whether all devices are working normally.

For the use of equipment in large public areas, the current method requires a large amount of manpower and material resources, and because of the large number of equipment, it is more difficult to detect the damage of the equipment in time, because it is impossible to repair or replace the damaged equipment in time. In this way, the detection efficiency of the faulty device is very low, and the related user experience is poor.

technical problem

In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a method, a device, a computer device and a storage medium for detecting a faulty device, which can automatically detect the operation of the electrical appliance in the loop and improve the detection efficiency of the faulty device.

Technical solution

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

According to an aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting a faulty device is provided, the method comprising:

Detecting the total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energization times;

Comparing the detected total power with a preset standard total power of the corresponding energization time, and determining that at least one electric appliance in the loop is when the difference between the detected total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value There is a fault.

In a first of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

When the electric appliance in the same circuit is energized and the electric appliance is normally operated, the total power of the electric appliance in the loop at the same energizing time is collected several times;

The average of all collected total power is determined as the standard total power corresponding to the energization time.

In a first of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

When the electric appliance in the same circuit is energized and the electric appliance is normally operated, the total power of the electric appliance in the loop is collected;

The total power collected is determined as the standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.

In a first of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

The standard total power of each energization time is determined from the energization of the loop;

Based on the respective energization times and the corresponding standard total power, a time-power standard power consumption curve corresponding to the loop is constructed.

In a first of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

Detecting the first time it takes for the total power of the appliance in the loop to reach a maximum value from zero;

Obtaining a second time taken by the standard total power in the standard power consumption curve from zero to the highest value;

When the difference between the first time and the second time is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that at least one of the consumers in the circuit has a fault.

In a first of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

When it is judged that at least one of the electrical appliances in the circuit has a fault, an alarm is issued.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a detecting apparatus for a faulty device is provided, the apparatus comprising:

a detection module for detecting total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energization times;

a processing module, configured to compare the detected total power with a preset standard total power of a corresponding power-on time, and determine the loop when the detected difference between the total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value At least one consumer has a fault.

In one of the embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

The acquisition module is configured to collect the total power of the electrical appliances in the circuit at the same power-on time when the electrical appliances in the same circuit are energized and the electrical appliances are all in normal operation;

The processing module is further configured to determine an average of all collected total powers as a standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, a computer apparatus includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the detecting method of the faulty device .

According to still another aspect of the present invention, a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon is a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the method of detecting the faulty device.

Beneficial effect

The method, the device, the computer device and the storage medium for detecting a faulty device provided by the embodiment of the invention detect the total power of the appliance in the same loop at different energization times, and the total power detected and the standard total power of the corresponding energization time For comparison, when there is a large difference between the two in the same energization time, it is judged that at least one electrical appliance in the loop has a fault, and the scheme locates the faulty device in a certain determined loop, which greatly reduces the inspection of the inspection personnel. Inspection scope, and when there is only one electrical appliance in the loop, it can directly locate the specific electrical appliance, eliminating the inspection work of the inspection personnel, and improving the detection efficiency of the faulty equipment from various aspects.

DRAWINGS

1 is a flow chart of a method of detecting a faulty device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a flow chart of a method of detecting a faulty device according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flow chart of a method of detecting a faulty device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a time-power standard power usage curve in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram showing a time-power power consumption curve of an electric appliance in a detected circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure of a detecting device of a faulty device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

The implementation, functional features, and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments.

Embodiments of the invention

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in order to make the present invention. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a faulty device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, a method for detecting a faulty device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. The following steps S101 and S102.

S101. Detecting total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energization times.

In this embodiment, when the number of electrical appliances in the circuit is only one, the total power detected is the power of the electrical appliance, and when the number of electrical appliances in the circuit is multiple, the detected power The total power for all appliances.

In one of these embodiments, the total power of the appliance in the loop can be detected by an air switch.

In one embodiment, the electrical appliances disposed in the circuit can be set according to actual working scenarios. For example, all street lights of one street can be set in the same circuit, so that when the total power in the circuit is abnormal, The inspector only needs to inspect the street to facilitate the rapid positioning of the faulty electrical appliance.

S102. Compare the detected total power with a preset total power of the corresponding power-on time. When the detected difference between the total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value, determine that at least one of the loops is There is a malfunction in the appliance.

In one embodiment, the preset value may be represented by a ratio of the difference to the standard total power, for example, after detecting the difference between the total power and the standard total power, calculating the difference and the The ratio of the standard total power, when the ratio is greater than the preset ratio, it is determined that at least one of the consumers in the loop has a fault.

In one embodiment, the preset ratio may be one of 1% to 5%, and the specific setting may be adjusted according to the power fluctuation of the electric appliance in the loop. When the power of the electric appliance in the loop fluctuates less, the ratio may be set smaller, for example, 1%. Conversely, when the power consumption of the electric appliance in the loop fluctuates greatly, the ratio may be set to be large. Some, for example 5%.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

According to the respective power-on time and the corresponding standard total power, a standard power consumption curve of time T-power P corresponding to the loop is constructed, and FIG. 4 is a standard power consumption of time T-power P according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the curve, the standard power consumption curve of the time T-power P constructed according to the embodiment is as shown in FIG. 4, wherein P0 represents the maximum value that the standard total power can reach in the loop, and T0 represents the standard total power reaches the maximum value. The time spent by P0.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

Starting from the energization of the loop, determining the total power of the electrical appliances in the loop at each energization time;

According to the respective energization times and the corresponding total power, a detection power consumption curve corresponding to the time T-power P corresponding to the loop is constructed, and FIG. 5 is a time of the electrical appliance in the detected loop according to an embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the power consumption curve, the time-power detection power curve constructed according to the embodiment is shown in FIG. 5, wherein P1 represents the maximum value that the detected total power in the loop can reach, and T1 indicates that the detected total power reaches The time taken for the maximum value P1.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

As shown in Figure 5, the first time T1 taken to detect the total power of the appliance in the loop from zero to the highest value P1;

As shown in FIG. 4, the second time T0 taken by the standard total power in the standard power consumption curve from zero to the highest value P0 is obtained;

When the difference between the first time T1 and the second time T0 is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that at least one of the consumers in the circuit has a fault.

In this embodiment, the preset threshold value indicates a preset threshold, and the value of the threshold may be set according to an experiment or a user experience. For example, when the threshold is preset to 10 seconds, it indicates that the first time T1 and the When the difference of the second time T0 is greater than 10 seconds, it can be judged that at least one of the electrical appliances in the circuit has a fault.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

In one embodiment, the alert alert includes, but is not limited to, a voice alert, a light flash alert, an abnormal log record alert, and the like.

In this embodiment, by detecting the total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energizing times, and comparing the total power detected with the standard total power of the corresponding energizing time, when the difference between the two in the same energizing time is large, judging At least one of the electrical circuits in the circuit has a fault, and the solution locates the faulty device in a certain determined loop, which greatly reduces the inspection scope of the inspection personnel, and can directly locate when there is only one electrical appliance in the loop. To the specific electrical appliances, the inspection work of the inspection personnel was omitted, and the detection efficiency of the faulty equipment was improved from various aspects.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a faulty device according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method for detecting a faulty device provided by the embodiment includes the foregoing steps S101 and S102, and further includes The following steps S201 and S202.

S201: When the electric appliance in the same circuit is energized and the electric appliance is normally operated, the total power of the electric appliance in the loop at the same energizing time is collected several times.

S202. Determine an average value of all the collected total powers as a standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

Whenever the electrical appliance in the same circuit is energized and the electrical appliance is in normal operation, the latest standard total power corresponding to the energization time is determined;

Based on the latest standard total power, the standard total power corresponding to the power-on time is updated.

By updating the standard total power in real time, the embodiment can adapt to the change of the normal power consumption of the electrical appliance in the loop with the use time, so that the determined standard total power is more accurate, and thus the faulty electrical appliance is made. The judgment is more accurate.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a faulty device according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method for detecting a faulty device provided by this embodiment includes the foregoing steps S101 and S102, and further includes The following steps S301 and S302.

S301: Collecting the total power of the electrical appliances in the circuit when the electrical appliances in the same circuit are energized and the electrical appliances are all operating normally.

S302. Determine the total power collected as the standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

An implementation scenario according to this embodiment is, for example, the following steps (1) to (8):

(1) Sampling the use of the device to obtain the standard power consumption curve of the circuit when all the devices of the circuit are working normally.

Specifically, the time T-power P graph of the device from the start to the normal operation is sampled multiple times, and the P-T graph after the device is sampled multiple times and then stabilized normally is used as the standard power consumption graph.

(2) Obtain the power consumption data of the circuit when the device works in real time through the acquisition controller. In this patent scheme, the power consumption of the device is collected through the intelligent air switch developed and produced by the company itself, and the power consumption data is analyzed and processed. The real-time working power curve of the loop is obtained.

(3) Comparing the real-time working power curve with the standard power consumption curve. If the data deviation value of the two curves at the same time point is greater than the preset deviation value, the preset deviation value may be a standard power consumption value, such as a standard. If the power consumption deviation is about 5%, it is judged that the circuit has been damaged; for example, the power consumption power curve after the startup of the preset device, in one embodiment, may be a large building, having multiple device circuits, and a circuit. It is connected to the lighting road, and the electric power is 1000W when it is used normally within one month. When the power consumption of the collected power is less than 5% when it is used again, it indicates that the circuit has equipment damage, and actively reminds the user that some of the lights in the circuit have stopped working.

(4) The monitoring equipment informs the user of the specific circuit that contains the equipment damage, and reminds him to repair or replace it as soon as possible. After the user receives the damaged device in the specific circuit, it checks the specific circuit, so that the device with specific damage to the circuit can be found obviously, and the damaged device can be replaced or repaired.

(5) For step (1), when there are n loop devices under a single air switch, sampling is a standard power consumption curve collected in a single loop of any combination of devices, and for each standard power consumption curve Set a label or name, set a name for each combination of loops, associate the standard power curve with the corresponding loop by the association between the names, automatically complete and set the standard power curve by using the recording and data acquisition frequency. .

(6) For step (2), when there are m working circuits, the voltage of the single circuit is detected by the smart air switch, and if the number of devices connected in a single circuit is a large number, multiple sampling is performed. The collected data is the working power curve of any combination of devices, and the application of the acquisition frequency is completed by the calculation library according to different device types.

(7) According to the name of the single circuit, determine the standard power consumption curve corresponding to the working power curve, and then compare the working power curve with the standard power consumption curve to confirm whether there is equipment damaged circuit and equipment damage. Specific loop.

(8) In steps (3) and (7), if it is confirmed that the circuit is in normal operation and there is no equipment damage, the corresponding working power curve is regarded as the sampling data of the standard power consumption curve, which is used to continuously optimize the standard power consumption. The curve is such that the above standard power consumption curve is calculated by continuously accumulating data samples.

This embodiment can be widely applied to large-scale public differences. For example, in large buildings, the damage of the equipment circuit is checked, and the damaged equipment loop can be quickly and timely identified, and the identification efficiency is high, and a large amount of inspection labor cost is saved.

According to an example of the embodiment, the labels of the foregoing steps S101 to S302 are not used to limit the sequence of the steps in the embodiment, and the numbers of the steps are only used to make it convenient to describe the steps by referring to the labels of the steps. It is to be noted that as long as the order in which the steps are performed does not affect the logical relationship of the embodiment, it is intended to be within the scope of the claimed application.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the foregoing embodiment method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is A better implementation. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, The optical disc includes a number of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

6 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure of a detecting device of a faulty device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, a detecting device for a faulty device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. The detecting device 100 of the faulty device comprises a detecting module 11 and a processing module 12, wherein:

The detecting module 11 is configured to detect the total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energizing times.

The processing module 12 is configured to compare the detected total power with a preset total power of the corresponding power-on time, and determine the loop when the detected difference between the total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value. At least one of the appliances has a fault.

In one embodiment, the detecting device 100 of the faulty device further includes:

In one embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to collect the total power of the electrical appliances in the circuit when the electrical appliances in the same circuit are energized and the electrical appliances are all operating normally;

The processing module is further configured to determine the collected total power as a standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.

In one embodiment, the processing module is further configured to determine the latest standard total power corresponding to the power-on time whenever the electrical appliance in the same circuit is energized and the electrical appliance is normally operating;

The apparatus also includes an update module for updating the standard total power corresponding to the power-on time based on the latest standard total power.

In one embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to determine a standard total power of each power-on time from the start of powering the loop;

The detecting device 100 of the faulty device further includes a curve creating module, and the curve creating module is configured to construct a time-power standard power consumption curve corresponding to the loop according to the respective power-on time and the corresponding standard total power.

In one embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to determine, from the powering of the loop, the total power of the electrical appliances in the loop at each power-on time;

The curve creation module is further configured to construct a time-power detection power curve corresponding to the loop according to the respective power-on time and the corresponding total power.

a time detecting module, configured to detect a first time taken by the total power of the electrical appliance in the loop to reach a highest value from zero;

a time acquisition module, configured to obtain a second time taken by the standard total power in the standard power consumption curve from zero to a highest value;

The determining module is configured to determine that at least one of the electrical appliances in the loop has a fault when the difference between the first time and the second time is greater than a preset threshold.

The alarm module is configured to issue an alarm reminder when it is determined that at least one of the electrical appliances in the loop is faulty.

In one of the embodiments, the alarm module may be prompted by at least one of the following methods:

Sound reminder, light flashing reminder, abnormal log recording reminder, etc.

Wherein, each module included in the detecting device of the faulty device may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware or a combination thereof. Further, each module in the detecting device of the faulty device may be a program segment for implementing a corresponding function.

The detecting device of the above-mentioned malfunctioning device can be realized in the form of a computer program which can be run on the computer device as shown in FIG.

It should be noted that the foregoing device embodiment and the method embodiment are in the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in detail in the method embodiment, and the technical features in the method embodiment are applicable in the device embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7 , a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and is stored in a memory and can be processed. A computer program running on the device, the processor executing the program to implement the detection method of the faulty device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in an embodiment, and the computer device may be a server. Referring to Figure 7, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input device, display screen, and network interface connected by a system bus. Wherein the memory comprises a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory, the non-volatile storage medium of the computer device storing an operating system and computer readable instructions, the computer readable instructions being executable to cause the processor to execute the present For a specific method for detecting a faulty device in the embodiments, reference may be made to the specific content of the embodiments in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, and details are not described herein again. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device. The internal memory can store computer readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method of detecting the faulty device. The input device of the computer device is used for input of various parameters, the display screen of the computer device is used for display, and the network interface of the computer device is used for network communication. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 7 is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation of the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may It includes more or fewer components than those shown in the figures, or some components are combined, or have different component arrangements.

The memory in this embodiment can be used to store software programs as well as various data. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to usage of the mobile phone, and the like. Further, the memory may include a high speed random access memory, and may also include a nonvolatile memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

The embodiment further provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by the processor, each step in the detecting method of the faulty device is implemented.

According to an example of the embodiment, all or part of the processes in the foregoing embodiment may be completed by a computer program to instruct related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, as implemented by the present invention. In an example, the program can be stored in a storage medium of a computer system and executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement a process comprising an embodiment of the methods described above. The storage medium includes but is not limited to a magnetic disk, a USB flash drive, an optical disk, and a read-only storage memory (Read-Only) Memory, ROM), etc.

The detecting method, the device, the computer device and the storage medium of the faulty device provided by the embodiment, by detecting the total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energizing times, and performing the total power detected and the standard total power of the corresponding energizing time In comparison, when there is a large difference between the two in the same power-on time, it is judged that at least one of the electrical appliances in the loop has a fault, and the scheme locates the faulty device in a certain determined loop, which greatly reduces the inspection of the inspection personnel. Range, and when there is only one electrical appliance in the circuit, it can directly locate the specific electrical appliance, eliminating the inspection work of the inspection personnel, and improving the detection efficiency of the faulty equipment from various aspects.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. A person skilled in the art can implement the invention in various variants without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, the features of one embodiment can be used in another embodiment to obtain a further embodiment. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the technical concept of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Industrial applicability

The method, the device, the computer device and the storage medium for detecting a faulty device provided by the embodiment of the invention detect the total power of the appliance in the same loop at different energization times, and the total power detected and the standard total power of the corresponding energization time For comparison, when there is a large difference between the two in the same energization time, it is judged that at least one electrical appliance in the loop has a fault, and the scheme locates the faulty device in a certain determined loop, which greatly reduces the inspection of the inspection personnel. Inspection scope, and when there is only one electrical appliance in the circuit, it can directly locate the specific electrical appliance, eliminating the inspection work of the inspection personnel, and improving the detection efficiency of the faulty equipment from various aspects, so it has industrial practicality. Sex.

Claims

A method for detecting a faulty device, the method comprising:

Detecting the total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energization times;

Comparing the detected total power with a preset standard total power of a corresponding power-on time, and determining that the loop is at least when the difference between the detected total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value There is a malfunction of the electrical appliance.
The method of claim 1 further comprising:

When the electric appliance in the same circuit is energized and the electric appliance is normally operated, the total power of the electric appliance in the loop at the same energizing time is collected several times;

The average of all collected total power is determined as the standard total power corresponding to the energization time.
The method of claim 1 further comprising:

Collecting the total power of the electrical appliances in the circuit when the electrical appliances in the same circuit are energized and the electrical appliances are all operating normally;

The total power collected is determined as the standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method further comprises:

Determining the standard total power for each energization time from the energization of the loop;

Based on the respective energization times and the corresponding standard total power, a time-power standard power consumption curve corresponding to the loop is constructed.
The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises:

Detecting a first time taken for the total power of the appliance in the loop to reach a highest value from zero;

Obtaining a second time taken for the standard total power in the standard power consumption curve to reach a highest value from zero;

When the difference between the first time and the second time is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that at least one of the electrical appliances in the loop has a fault.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method further comprises:

When it is judged that at least one of the electrical appliances in the circuit has a fault, an alarm is issued.
A detecting device for a faulty device, characterized in that the device comprises:

a detection module for detecting total power of the electrical appliances in the same circuit at different energization times;

a processing module, configured to compare the detected total power with a preset total power of a corresponding power-on time, and determine, when the difference between the detected total power and the standard total power exceeds a preset value, At least one of the electrical circuits in the circuit has a fault.
The device according to claim 7, wherein the device further comprises:

An acquisition module, configured to collect the total power of the electrical appliances in the circuit at the same power-on time when the electrical appliances in the same circuit are energized and the electrical appliances are all in normal operation;

The processing module is further configured to determine an average of all the collected total powers as a standard total power corresponding to the power-on time.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any one of claims 1 to 6 The detection method of the faulty device.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the program is executed by a processor to perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.