WO2019128278A1 - 空调器系统 - Google Patents

空调器系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128278A1
WO2019128278A1 PCT/CN2018/102965 CN2018102965W WO2019128278A1 WO 2019128278 A1 WO2019128278 A1 WO 2019128278A1 CN 2018102965 W CN2018102965 W CN 2018102965W WO 2019128278 A1 WO2019128278 A1 WO 2019128278A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ejector
heat exchanger
refrigerant
air conditioner
conditioner system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/102965
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟庆良
宋强
刘江彬
谭雪艳
李银银
刘景升
李守俊
张韵
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
Publication of WO2019128278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128278A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02742—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two four-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0015—Ejectors not being used as compression device using two or more ejectors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioners, and in particular relates to an air conditioner system.
  • the existing air conditioner system usually forms a refrigeration/heating cycle by a condenser, a throttle device, an evaporator, and a compressor, and the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor is condensed into a low temperature and high pressure liquid in the condenser, and is throttled.
  • the device is throttled into a low temperature and low pressure liquid, and then enters the evaporator to absorb heat and evaporate to complete a refrigeration/heating cycle.
  • the present invention proposes a new air conditioner system.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioner system including a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger and an indoor heat exchanger.
  • the air conditioner system further includes an auxiliary heat exchanger and an ejector, and the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the auxiliary heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger, and the ejector constitute a refrigerant circulation Main circuit; the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger/the indoor heat exchanger, the auxiliary heat exchanger and the ejector constitute a branch circuit of a refrigerant circulation; in a refrigeration/heating cycle, A portion of the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor flows into the ejector along the main circuit, and another portion of the refrigerant flows into the ejector along the branch circuit, and the two refrigerants are mixed in the ejector and then returned to the ejector.
  • the compressor in a refrigeration/heating cycle, A portion of the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor flows into the ejector along the main circuit, and another portion of the refrigerant
  • a flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger along the main circuit and a passage of the auxiliary heat exchanger along the branch circuit The flow direction of the refrigerant is reversed, and the refrigerant flowing along the main circuit and the refrigerant flowing along the branch circuit are capable of heat exchange at the auxiliary heat exchanger.
  • the air conditioner system further includes a first four-way valve disposed in the main circuit and a second four-way valve disposed on the branch circuit, wherein the first four A valve is used to switch the air conditioner system between a refrigeration cycle and a heating cycle; the second four-way valve is configured to change a direction in which the refrigerant in the branch circuit flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger.
  • a first pipeline and a second pipeline are respectively connected between the auxiliary heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first pipeline serves as the main loop.
  • the second pipeline is an integral part of the branch circuit
  • a diameter of the first pipeline is larger than a diameter of the second pipeline
  • the auxiliary heat exchanger is A third pipeline and a fourth pipeline are respectively connected between the indoor heat exchanges, the third pipeline is a component of the main circuit, and the fourth pipeline is an integral part of the branch circuit.
  • the diameter of the third pipeline is larger than the diameter of the fourth pipeline.
  • the first pipeline is provided with a first electronic expansion valve
  • the third pipeline is provided with a second electronic expansion valve
  • the first electronic expansion The valve in the refrigeration cycle, the first electronic expansion The valve is in a fully open state, the second electronic expansion valve is used for throttling of the refrigerant; in the heating cycle, the second electronic expansion valve is in a fully open state, and the first electronic expansion valve is used for a section of the refrigerant flow.
  • the second pipeline is provided with a first shutoff valve
  • the fourth pipeline is provided with a second shutoff valve; in the refrigeration cycle, the first shutoff valve is opened, The second shutoff valve is closed; in the heating cycle, the first shutoff valve is closed and the second shutoff valve is open.
  • the ejector is an adjustable ejector capable of adjusting an ejector coefficient and an ejector pressure according to an operating mode of the air conditioner.
  • the ejector is two, and the two ejector are a first ejector and a second ejector arranged in parallel.
  • the first ejector and the second ejector are two types of ejectors different in size, wherein the first ejector is used for a refrigeration cycle.
  • the second ejector is used for the heating cycle.
  • the first ejector in the refrigeration cycle, is in a path state, the second ejector is in an open state, and the refrigerant in the main circuit and the branch circuit
  • the refrigerant in the inlet enters the first ejector from different inlets and then flows out from the outlet of the first ejector; in the heating cycle, the second ejector is in a passage state, the An ejector is in an open state, and the refrigerant in the main circuit and the refrigerant in the branch circuit respectively enter the second ejector from different inlets and then flow out from the outlet of the second ejector.
  • the air conditioner system uses the auxiliary heat exchanger to increase the supercooling effect of the refrigerant, and the ejector is used to increase the suction pressure of the compressor, thereby achieving the purpose of supercharging and increasing efficiency, and improving the air conditioner in a high temperature environment.
  • Lower cooling and heating in a low temperature environment reduce energy consumption. That is to say, after the pressure of the refrigerant entering the compressor is increased by the ejector 5, the power consumed by the compressor itself can be reduced when the pressure of the refrigerant outputted by the compressor is constant; and when the compressor consumes the same power, Improve the heating effect of the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner system of the present invention utilizes two different ejectors (the ejector coefficient, the ejector pressure, etc. of the two ejectors) to switch between low temperature heating and high temperature cooling. Therefore, the ejector coefficient and the ejector pressure can be flexibly adjusted to achieve different ejector effects, so as to adapt to the actual cooling or heating conditions, and the corresponding ejector can be selected according to the operating mode of the air conditioner to perform the boosting method.
  • the utility model improves the effect of cooling of the air conditioner in the high temperature environment and the low temperature environment, reduces the energy consumption, and realizes the purpose of energy saving and high efficiency of the air conditioner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (cooling mode) of a first embodiment of an air conditioner system according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view (heating mode) of the second embodiment of the air conditioner system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the air conditioner system of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner system mainly comprises a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an auxiliary heat exchanger and an ejector .
  • the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the auxiliary heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger and the ejector constitute the main circuit of the refrigerant circulation;
  • the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger/indoor heat exchanger, the auxiliary heat exchanger and the ejector constitutes a branch circuit of the refrigerant circulation; in the refrigeration/heating cycle, a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor flows into the ejector along the main circuit, and another part flows into the ejector along the branch circuit, and the two refrigerants are mixed in the ejector Then return to the compressor.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an air conditioner system according to the present invention.
  • the direction of the arrow in Figure 1 is the flow direction of the refrigerant in the cooling mode.
  • the air conditioner system includes: a refrigerant circulation main circuit composed of a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, an indoor heat exchanger 4, and an ejector 5; A refrigerant circulation branch circuit composed of an outdoor heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and an ejector 5.
  • the air conditioner system further includes a first four-way valve 6 disposed in the main circuit and a second four-way valve 7 disposed in the branch circuit.
  • the first four-way valve 6 is used to enable the air conditioner system to switch between the refrigeration cycle and the heating cycle; the second four-way valve 7 can change the direction in which the refrigerant in the branch circuit flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the first four-way valve 6 and the second four-way valve 7 can be omitted as the air conditioner system of the single cooling mode.
  • a first line S 1 and a second line P 1 are respectively connected between the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the outdoor heat exchanger 2, wherein the first line S 1 is a component of the main circuit,
  • the second pipe P 1 is a component of the branch circuit; and the pipe diameter of the first pipe S 1 is larger than the pipe diameter of the second pipe P 1 .
  • a first electronic expansion valve a is provided on the first line S 1 and a second electronic expansion valve b is provided on the line between the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the first electronic expansion valve a is in a fully open state and the second electronic expansion valve b is used to throttle the refrigerant.
  • the first electronic expansion valve a can be omitted as an air conditioner system of a single cooling mode.
  • the working principle of the air conditioner system of the present embodiment is that the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 2 through the first four-way valve 6 to perform heat exchange, and the refrigerant flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 2, All the way along the main circuit, one along the branch circuit.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit enters the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 through the first electronic expansion valve a (in this case, fully open state), and the refrigerant in the branch circuit enters the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 through the second four-way valve 7, two ways The refrigerant exchanges heat in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
  • the flow of the refrigerant in the branch into the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is adjusted by the second four-way valve 7 so as to be assisted along the main circuit.
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant of the heat exchanger 3 is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 along the branch circuit. This allows the refrigerant in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to more efficiently exchange heat.
  • the second four-way valve 7 can be omitted, so that the refrigerant is in the branch circuit.
  • the flow direction is also fixed, that is, the flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 along the main circuit is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 along the branch circuit.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 continues to flow along the main circuit and the branch circuit, respectively.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is throttled and depressurized by the second electronic expansion valve b, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 for heat exchange, and then the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 4 enters the ejector 5 as the ejector fluid;
  • the refrigerant in the medium enters the ejector 5 as a ejector fluid to illuminate the fluid from the indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the two (main circuit and branch circuit) refrigerants are mixed in the ejector 5 and returned to the compressor 1.
  • the air conditioner system of the present invention increases the supercooling effect of the refrigerant by using the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and increases the suction pressure of the compressor by the ejector 5, thereby achieving the purpose of supercharging and increasing efficiency, and improving the high temperature of the air conditioner.
  • the effect of cooling in the environment reduces energy consumption. That is to say, after the pressure of the refrigerant entering the compressor is increased by the ejector 5, the power consumed by the compressor itself can be reduced when the pressure of the refrigerant outputted by the compressor is constant; and when the compressor consumes the same power, Improve the cooling effect of the air conditioner.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an air conditioner system according to the present invention.
  • the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 is the flow direction of the refrigerant in the heating mode.
  • the air conditioner system includes: a refrigerant circulation main circuit composed of a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, an indoor heat exchanger 4, and an ejector 5; A refrigerant circulation branch circuit composed of the indoor heat exchanger 4, the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and the ejector 5.
  • the air conditioner system further includes a first four-way valve 6 disposed in the main circuit and a second four-way valve 7 disposed in the branch circuit.
  • the first four-way valve 6 is used to enable the air conditioner system to switch between the refrigeration cycle and the heating cycle; the second four-way valve 7 can change the direction in which the refrigerant in the branch circuit flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the first four-way valve 6 and the second four-way valve 7 can be omitted as the single-heat mode air conditioner system.
  • a third line S 2 and a fourth line P 2 are respectively connected between the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 4, wherein the third line S 2 is a component of the main circuit,
  • the four lines P 2 are part of the branch circuit; and the diameter of the third line S 2 is larger than the diameter of the fourth line P 2 .
  • the second electronic expansion valve b is in a fully open state, and the first electronic expansion valve a is used for throttling of the refrigerant. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the second electronic expansion valve b can be omitted as a single heating mode air conditioner system.
  • the working principle of the air conditioner system of the present embodiment is that the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 through the first four-way valve 6 to perform heat exchange, and the refrigerant flowing out from the indoor heat exchanger 4, All the way along the main circuit, one along the branch circuit.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit enters the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 through the second electronic expansion valve b (in this case, the fully open state), and the refrigerant in the branch circuit enters the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 through the second four-way valve 7, two ways The refrigerant exchanges heat in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
  • the flow of the refrigerant in the branch into the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 is adjusted by the second four-way valve 7 so as to be assisted along the main circuit.
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant of the heat exchanger 3 is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 along the branch circuit. This allows the refrigerant in the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to more efficiently exchange heat.
  • the second four-way valve 7 can also be omitted, so that the refrigerant is in the branch circuit.
  • the flow direction is also fixed, that is, the flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 along the main circuit is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 along the branch circuit.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 continues to flow along the main circuit and the branch circuit, respectively.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is throttled and depressurized by the first electronic expansion valve a, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange, and then the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 2 enters the ejector 5 as the ejector fluid;
  • the refrigerant in the medium enters the ejector 5 as a ejector fluid to illuminate the fluid from the outdoor heat exchanger 2.
  • the two (main circuit and branch circuit) refrigerants are mixed in the ejector 5 and returned to the compressor 1.
  • the air conditioner system of the present invention increases the supercooling effect of the refrigerant by using the auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and increases the suction pressure of the compressor by the ejector 5, thereby achieving the purpose of supercharging and increasing efficiency, and improving the low temperature of the air conditioner.
  • the effect of heating in the environment reduces energy consumption. That is to say, after the pressure of the refrigerant entering the compressor is increased by the ejector 5, the power consumed by the compressor itself can be reduced when the pressure of the refrigerant outputted by the compressor is constant; and when the compressor consumes the same power, Improve the heating effect of the air conditioner.
  • an ejector with a large amount of ejector is selected to increase the refrigerant entering the compressor. Pressure, the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the air conditioner system of the present invention.
  • the air conditioner system includes: a refrigerant circulation main circuit composed of a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, an indoor heat exchanger 4, and an ejector 5.
  • a first circuit of a refrigerant cycle consisting of a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and a first ejector 51; a compressor 1, an indoor heat exchanger 4, an auxiliary heat exchanger 3, and The refrigerant consisting of the second ejector 52 circulates the second branch circuit.
  • the ejector 5 in the embodiment is two, and the two ejector 5 are a first ejector 51 and a second ejector 52 arranged in parallel, the first ejector 51 and the second ejector
  • the device 52 is two types of ejectors of different specifications, the first ejector 51 is for a refrigeration cycle and the second ejector 52 is for a heating cycle.
  • the air conditioner system further includes a first four-way valve 6 disposed in the main circuit and a second four-way valve 7 disposed in the branch circuit. Among them, the first four-way valve 6 is used to enable the air conditioner system to switch between the refrigeration cycle and the heating cycle; the second four-way valve 7 can change the direction in which the refrigerant in the branch circuit flows through the auxiliary heat exchanger 3.
  • a first line S 1 and a second line P 1 are respectively connected between the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the outdoor heat exchanger 2; respectively, between the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 4
  • the first line and the third line S 1 S 2 as part of the main circuit, the second line of the fourth conduit P 1 and P 2 as part of the branch circuit; and a first conduit S 1 a diameter greater than the diameter P 1 of the second conduit, a third conduit diameter S 2 is greater than the fourth diameter line P 2.
  • first conduit S 1 has a first electronic expansion valve a, provided on the first conduit S 2 and a second electronic expansion valve b.
  • first electronic expansion valve a is in a fully open state
  • second electronic expansion valve b is used for throttling of the refrigerant
  • the second electronic expansion valve b is in a fully open state
  • An electronic expansion valve a is used for the throttling a of the refrigerant.
  • a first shut-off valve P 1 C arranged on the fourth conduit P 2 with a second shut-off valve D
  • main pipeline circuit communication with the first ejector 51 is provided with a third shutoff valve e1
  • a fourth shutoff valve f1 is disposed on the branch circuit connected to the first ejector 51
  • a fifth shutoff valve e2 is disposed on the main circuit line communicating with the second ejector 52
  • a sixth shutoff valve f2 is disposed on the branch circuit that communicates with the two ejector 52.
  • the air conditioner system is switched between the refrigeration cycle and the heating cycle by the first four-way valve 6.
  • the first shutoff valve c, the third shutoff valve e1, and the fourth shutoff valve f1 are both open (the open state allows the refrigerant to pass), and the second shutoff valve d, the fifth shutoff valve e2, and the sixth shutoff valve f2 are both Off (the closed state does not allow the refrigerant to pass).
  • the circulation of the air conditioner system of the refrigerant is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the working principle of the air conditioner system of the first embodiment and details are not described herein again.
  • the second shutoff valve d, the fifth shutoff valve e2, and the sixth shutoff valve f2 are both open (the open state allows the refrigerant to pass), the first shutoff valve c, the third shutoff valve e1, and the fourth shutoff valve f1 Both are off (the closed state does not allow the refrigerant to pass).
  • the circulation of the air conditioner system of the refrigerant is the same as that of the second embodiment.
  • the air conditioner system of the present invention utilizes the auxiliary heat exchanger 3 to increase the supercooling effect of the refrigerant, and utilizes two different sizes of ejector (the first ejector 51 and the second ejector 52, both of which The ejector's ejector coefficient, ejector pressure, etc. are switched between low-temperature heating and high-temperature cooling, and the corresponding ejector is selected according to the operating mode of the air conditioner to perform supercharging, so that the ejector can be flexibly adjusted.
  • Coefficient and ejector pressure that is, different ejector are selected to adapt to the actual cooling or heating conditions, which can better improve the heating effect of the air conditioner in the high temperature environment and the low temperature environment, and reduce the energy consumption. In order to achieve the goal of energy saving and high efficiency of the air conditioner.
  • opening the second shut-off valve is closed
  • opening the second shut-off valve d the first shut-off valve is closed
  • an adjustable ejector can be used at this time, which can adjust the ejector coefficient and the ejector pressure according to the operating mode of the air conditioner. For example, in the cooling mode, it is adjusted to a smaller injection pressure, and in the heating mode, it is adjusted to a larger injection pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of flexibly adapting to actual cooling or heating conditions by using one ejector.

Abstract

一种空调器系统包括压缩机（1）、室外换热器（2）、室内换热器（4）、辅助换热器（3）和引射器（5），压缩机（1）、室外换热器（2）、辅助换热器（3）、室内换热器（4）和引射器（5）组成冷媒循环的主回路；压缩机(1)、室外换热器（2）、室内换热器（4）、辅助换热器（3）和引射器组（5）组成冷媒循环的支回路；在制冷/制热循环中，从压缩机(1)流出的一部分冷媒沿主回路流入引射器（5），另一部分冷媒沿支回路流入引射器(5)路冷媒在引射器(5)内混合后回流到压缩机(1)。该空调系统利用辅助换热器(3)增加冷媒的过冷效果，利用引射器(5)提高压缩机(1)的吸气压力，达到增压增效的目的，提高空调器在高温环境下制冷及低温环境下制热的效果，降低能耗。

Description

空调器系统 技术领域
本发明属于空调器技术领域，具体涉及一种空调器系统。
背景技术
现有的空调器系统通常由冷凝器、节流装置、蒸发器、压缩机形成制冷/制热循环回路，压缩机排出的高温高压气态冷媒在冷凝器中凝结成低温高压液体，并经节流装置节流成低温低压液体，然后进入蒸发器吸热蒸发，完成一个制冷/制热循环。
传统的空调器系统在低温环境下制热和在高温环境下制冷的效果比较差，并且能耗较高，不能实现节能高效的目的。有的空调器系统利用增焓压缩机达到增压增效的目的，但是由于压缩机的制造生产复杂，成本高，因而不利于更换和维修。目前，引射器的发明及应用，实现了由高温高压流体抽吸低温低压流体达到中间压力，而不消耗机械能的目的，能够有效实现增压节能的效果。并且，引射器还具有结构简单，制造维修方便，初投资少等优点。
基于此，为了有效提高空调器制冷/制热效果以及降低能耗，本发明提出了一种新的空调器系统。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了有效提高空调器制冷/制热效果以及降低能耗，本发明提供了一种空调器系统，包括压缩机、室外换热器和室内换热器，所述空调器系统还包括辅助换热器和引射器，所述压缩机、所述室外换热器、所述辅助换热器、所述室内换热器和所述引射器组成冷媒循环的主回路；所述压缩机、所述室外换热器/所述室内换热器、所述辅助换热器和所述引射器组成冷媒循环的支回路；在制冷/制热循环中，从所述压缩机流出的一部分冷媒沿所述主回路流入所述引射器，另一部分冷媒沿所述支回路流入所述引射器，两路冷媒在所述引射器内混合后回流到所述压缩机。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，在制冷/制热循环中，沿所述主回路经过所述辅助换热器的冷媒的流动方向与沿所述支回路经过所述辅助换热器的冷媒的流动方向相反，并且，沿所述主回路流动的冷媒与沿所述支回路流动的冷媒能够在所述辅助换热器处进行热量交换。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述空调器系统还包括设置于所述主回路的第一四通阀和设置于所述支回路第二四通阀，其中，所述第一四通阀用于使所述空调器系统在制冷循环与制热循环之间切换；所述第二四通阀用于改变所述支回路中的冷媒流经所述辅助换热器的方向。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述辅助换热器与所述室外换热之间分别连接有第一管路和第二管路，所述第一管路作为所述主回路的组成部分，所述第二管路作为所述支回路的组成部分，且所述第一管路的管径大于所述第二管路的管径；并且/或者，所述辅助换热器与所述室内换热之间分别连接有第三管路和第四管路，所述第三管路作为所述主回路的组成部分，所述第四管路作为所述支回路的组成部分，且所述第三管路的管径大于所述第四管路的管径。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述第一管路上设置有第一电子膨胀阀，所述第三管路上设置有第二电子膨胀阀；在制冷循环中，所述第一电子膨胀阀处于全开状态，所述第二电子膨胀阀用于冷媒的节流；在制热循环中，所述第二电子膨胀阀处于全开状态，所述第一电子膨胀阀用于冷媒的节流。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述第二管路上设置有第一截止阀，所述第四管路上设置有第二截止阀；在制冷循环中，所述第一截止阀开启，所述第二截止阀关闭；在制热循环中，所述第一截止阀关闭，所述第二截止阀开启。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述引射器为可调式引射器，所述可调式引射器能够根据所述空调器的运行模式调整引射系数和引射压力。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述引射器为两个，所述两个引射器为并联设置的第一引射器和第二引射器。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，所述第一引射器与所述第二引射器为规格不同的两种引射器，其中，所述第一引射器用于制冷循环，所述第二引射器用于制热循环。
在上述空调器系统的优选实施方式中，在制冷循环中，所述第一引射器处于通路状态，所述第二引射器处于断路状态，所述主回路中的冷媒与所述支回路中的冷媒分别从不同的入口进入所述第一引射器，然后从所述第一引射器的出口流出；在制热循环中，所述第二引射器处于通路状态，所述第一引射器处于断路状态，所述主回路中的冷媒与所述支回路中的冷媒分别从不同的入口进入所述第二引射器，然后从所述第二引射器的出口流出。
在本发明的技术方案中，空调器系统利用辅助换热器增加冷媒的过冷效果，利用引射器提高压缩机的吸气压力，进而达到增压增效的目的，提高空调器在高温环境下制冷以及低温环境下制热的效果，降低能耗。也就是说，利用引射器5提高了冷媒进入压缩机的压力后，在压缩机输出的冷媒压力一定的情形下，能够降低压缩机本身消耗的功率；在压缩机消耗相同功率的情形，能够提高空调器的制热效果。在一种示例中，本发明的空调器系统利用两个不同规格的引射器(两个引射器的引射系数、引射压力等不同)，在低温制热与高温制冷之间切换，从而可以灵活地调整引射系数、引射压力达到不同引射效果，以便适应实际的制冷或制热工况，根据空调器的运行模式选择对应的引射器来进行增压的方式能够更好地提高空调器在高温环境下制冷与低温环境下制热的效果，降低能耗，进而实现空调器节能高效的目的。
附图说明
图1是本发明的空调器系统实施例一的结构示意图(制冷模式)；
图2是本发明的空调器系统实施例二的结构示意图(制热模式)；
图3是本发明的空调器系统实施例三的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的实施例、技术方案和优点更加明显，下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明旨在提高空调器制冷/制热效果以及降低能耗，为此，本发明提供的空调器系统主要包括压缩机、室外换热器、室内换热器、辅助换热器和引射器。其中，压缩机、室外换热器、辅助换热器、室内换热器和引射器组成冷媒循环的主回路；压缩机、室外换热器/室内换热器、辅助换热器和引射器组成冷媒循环的支回路；在制冷/制热循环中，从压缩机流出的冷媒一部分沿主回路流入引射器，另一部分沿支回路流入引射器，两路冷媒在引射器内混合后回流到压缩机。
下面通过具体的实施例详细说明本发明空调器系统的结构及工作原理。
首先参照图1，图1是本发明的空调器系统实施例一的结构示意图。图1中箭头方向为冷媒在制冷模式下的流动方向。如图1所示，空调器系统包括：由压缩机1、室外换热器2、辅助换热器3、室内换热器4和引射器5组成的冷媒循环主回路；由压缩机1、室外换热器2、辅助换热器3和引射器5组成的冷媒循环支回路。
作为示例，该空调器系统还包括设置在主回路的第一四通阀6和设置在支回路的第二四通阀7。其中，第一四通阀6用于使空调器系统能够在制冷循环与制热循环之间切换；第二四通阀7能够改变支回路中的冷媒流经辅助换热器3时的方向。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，作为单制冷模式的空调器系统，则可以省去第一四通阀6和第二四通阀7。
作为示例，在辅助换热器3与室外换热器2之间分别连接有第一管路S 1和第二管路P 1，其中，第一管路S 1作为主回路的组成部分，第二管路P 1作为支回路的组成部分；并且第一管路S 1的管径大于第二管路P 1的管径。这样一来，从主回路进入辅助换热器3的冷媒与从支回路进入辅助换热器3的冷媒会存在一定的温差，从而使得两回路中的冷媒在辅助换热器3进行热交换。
作为示例，在第一管路S 1上设置有第一电子膨胀阀a，在辅助换热器3和室内换热器4之间的管路上设置有第二电子膨胀阀b。优选地，在制冷循环中，第一电子膨胀阀a处于全开状态，第二电子膨胀阀b用于冷媒的节流。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，作为单制冷模式的空调器系统，则可以省去第一电子膨胀阀a。
参照图1，本实施例的空调器系统的工作原理为：从压缩机1流出的冷媒经过第一四通阀6进入室外换热器2进行换热，从室外换热器2流出的冷媒，一路沿主回路流动，一路沿支回路流动。主回路中的冷媒经过第一电子膨胀阀a(此时为全开状态)进入辅热换热器3，支回路中的冷媒经过第二四通阀7进入辅热换热器3，两路冷媒在辅热换热器3进行热交换。在此，为了实现冷媒在辅热换热器3中的逆向流动换热，通过第二四通阀7调节支路中的冷媒进入辅热换热器3的流向，以使沿主回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向与沿支回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向相反。这样可以使辅热换热器3内的冷媒能够更充分地进行换热。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，作为单制冷模式的空调器系统，由于冷媒在主回路中的循环方向是固定的，因此也可以省去第二四通阀7，使冷媒在支回路中的流动方向也固定，即保证沿主回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向与沿支回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向相反即可。
继续参照图1，从辅热换热器3流出的冷媒分别沿主回路和支回路继续流动。主回路中的冷媒经过第二电子膨胀阀b节流降压后进入室内换热器4进行换热，然后从室内换热器4流出的冷媒作为被引射流体进入引射器5；支回路中的冷媒进入到引射器5作为引射流体引射来自室内换热器4的流体。两路(主回路和支回路)冷媒在引射器5内混合后回流到压缩机1。
如上所述，本发明的空调器系统利用辅助换热器3增加冷媒的过冷效果，利用引射器5提高压缩机的吸气压力，进而达到增压增效的目的，提高空调器在高温环境下制冷的效果，降低能耗。也就是说，利用引射器5提高了冷媒进入压缩机的压力后，在压缩机输出的冷媒压力一定的情形下，能够降低压缩机本身消耗的功率；在压缩机消耗相同功率的情形，能够提高空调器的制冷效果。
参照图2，图2是本发明的空调器系统实施例二的结构示意图。图2中箭头方向为冷媒在制热模式下的流动方向。如图2所示，空调器系统包括：由压缩机1、室外换热器2、辅助换热器3、室内换热器4和引射器5组成的冷媒循环主回路；由压缩机1、室内换热器4、辅助换热器3和引射器5组成的冷媒循环支回路。
作为示例，该空调器系统还包括设置在主回路的第一四通阀6和设置在支回路的第二四通阀7。其中，第一四通阀6用于使空调器系统能够在制冷循环与制热循环之间切换；第二四通阀7能够改变支回路中的冷媒流经辅助换热器3时的方向。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，作为单制热模式的空调器系统，则可以省去第一四通阀6和第二四通阀7。
作为示例，在辅助换热器3与室内换热器4之间分别连接有第三管路S 2和第四管路P 2，其中，第三管路S 2作为主回路的组成部分，第四管路P 2作为支回路的组成部分；并且第三管路S 2的管径大于第四管路P 2的管径。这样一来，从主回路进入辅助换热器3的冷媒与从支回路进入辅助换热器3的冷媒会存在一定的温差，从而使得两回路中的冷媒在辅助换热器3进行热交换。
作为示例，在辅助换热器3和室外换热器2之间的管路上设置有第一电子膨胀阀a，在第三管路S 2上设置有第二电子膨胀阀b。优选地，在制热循环中，第二电子膨胀阀b处于全开状态，第一电子膨胀阀a用于冷媒的节流。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，作为单制热模式的空调器系统，则可以省去第二电子膨胀阀b。
参照图2，本实施例的空调器系统的工作原理为：从压缩机1流出的冷媒经过第一四通阀6进入室内换热器4进行换热，从室内换热器4流出的冷媒，一路沿主回路流动，一路沿支回路流动。主回路中的冷媒经过第二电子膨胀阀b(此时为全开状态)进入辅热换热器3，支回路中的冷媒经过第二四通阀7进入辅热换热器3，两路冷媒在辅热换热器3进行热交换。在此，为了实现冷媒在辅热换热器3中的逆向流动换热，通过第二四通阀7调节支路中的冷媒进入辅热换热器3的流向，以使沿主回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向与沿支回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向相反。这样可以使辅热换热器3内的冷媒能够更充分地进行换热。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，作为单制热 模式的空调器系统，由于冷媒在主回路中的循环方向是固定的，因此也可以省去第二四通阀7，使冷媒在支回路中的流动方向也固定，即保证沿主回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向与沿支回路经过辅助换热器3的冷媒的流动方向相反即可。
继续参照图1，从辅热换热器3流出的冷媒分别沿主回路和支回路继续流动。主回路中的冷媒经过第一电子膨胀阀a节流降压后进入室外换热器2进行换热，然后从室外换热器2流出的冷媒作为被引射流体进入引射器5；支回路中的冷媒进入到引射器5作为引射流体引射来自室外换热器2的流体。两路(主回路和支回路)冷媒在引射器5内混合后回流到压缩机1。
如上所述，本发明的空调器系统利用辅助换热器3增加冷媒的过冷效果，利用引射器5提高压缩机的吸气压力，进而达到增压增效的目的，提高空调器在低温环境下制热的效果，降低能耗。也就是说，利用引射器5提高了冷媒进入压缩机的压力后，在压缩机输出的冷媒压力一定的情形下，能够降低压缩机本身消耗的功率；在压缩机消耗相同功率的情形，能够提高空调器的制热效果。
需要说明的是，由于制热运行状态下，压缩机消耗的功率较大，因此在制热模式的空调器中，选用引射量较大的引射器，以增大冷媒进入压缩机时的压力，起到降低能耗的目的。
下面参照图3，图3是本发明的空调器系统实施例三的结构示意图。如图3所示，如图3所示，空调器系统包括：由压缩机1、室外换热器2、辅助换热器3、室内换热器4和引射器5组成的冷媒循环主回路；由压缩机1、室外换热器2、辅助换热器3和第一引射器51组成的冷媒循环第一支回路；由压缩机1、室内换热器4、辅助换热器3和第二引射器52组成的冷媒循环第二支回路。其中，本实施例中的引射器5为两个，两个引射器5为并联设置的第一引射器51和第二引射器52，第一引射器51与第二引射器52为规格不同的两种引射器，第一引射器51用于制冷循环，第二引射器52用于制热循环。在本实施例中，空调器系统还包括设置在主回路的第一四通阀6和设置在支回路的第二四通阀7。其中，第一四通阀6用于使空调器系统能够在制冷循环与制热循环之间切换；第二四通阀7能够改变支回路中的冷媒流经辅助换热器3时的方向。
作为示例，在辅助换热器3与室外换热器2之间分别连接有第一管路S 1和第二管路P 1；在辅助换热器3与室内换热器4之间分别连接有第三管路S 2和第四管路P 2。其中，第一管路S 1和第三管路S 2作为主回路的组成部分，第二管路P 1和第四管路P 2作为支回路的组成部分；并且第一管路S 1的管径大于第二管路P 1的管径，第三管路S 2的管径大于第四管路P 2的管径。这样一来，从主回路进入辅助换热器3的冷媒与从支回路进入辅助换热器3的冷媒会存在一定的温差，从而使得两回路中的冷媒在辅助换热器3进行热交换。
作为示例，在第一管路S 1上设置有第一电子膨胀阀a，在第一管路S 2上设置有第二电子膨胀阀b。优选地，在制冷循环中，第一电子膨胀阀a处于全开状态，第二电子膨胀阀b用于冷媒的节流；在制热循环中，第二电子膨胀阀b处于全开状态，第一电子膨胀阀a用于冷媒的节流a。
作为示例，在第二管路P 1上设置有第一截止阀c，在第四管路P 2上设置有第二截止阀d；与第一引射器51连通的主回路管路上设置有第三截止阀e1，与第一引射器51连通的支回路管路上设置有第四截止阀f1；与第二引射器52连通的主回路管路上设置有第五截止阀e2，与第二引射器52连通的支回路管路上设置有第六截止阀f2。
继续参照图3，在该实施例中，通过第一四通阀6使空调器系统在制冷循环与制热循环之间切换。在制冷循环中，第一截止阀c、第三截止阀e1和第四截止阀f1均开启(开启状态允许冷媒通过)，第二截止阀d、第五截止阀e2和第六截止阀f2均关闭(关闭状态不允许冷媒通过)。此时，冷媒在的空调器系统的循环与实施例一相同，具体参照上文实施例一的空调器系统的工作原理，在此不再赘述。在制热循环中，第二截止阀d、第五截止阀e2和第六截止阀f2均开启(开启状态允许冷媒通过)，第一截止阀c、第三截止阀e1和第四截止阀f1均关闭(关闭状态不允许冷媒通过)。此时，冷媒在的空调器系统的循环与实施例二相同，具体参照上文实施例二的空调器系统的工作原理，在此不再赘述。
如上所述，本发明的空调器系统利用辅助换热器3增加冷媒的过冷效果，并利用两个不同规格的引射器(第一引射器51和第二引射器52，这两个引射器的引射系数、引射压力等不同)在低温制热 与高温制冷之间切换，根据空调器的运行模式选择对应的引射器来进行增压，从而可以灵活地调整引射系数、引射压力(即选用不同的引射器)以便适应实际的制冷或制热工况，这样能够更好地提高空调器在高温环境下制冷与低温环境下制热的效果，降低能耗，进而实现空调器节能高效的目的。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，除此之外，在该实施例三中，也可以仅使用一个引射器，此时只需要在切换制冷模式和制热模式时，使第一截止阀c开启(第二截止阀关闭)或者使第二截止阀d开启(第一截止阀关闭)来实现利用引射器增压的目的，同样可以起到降低能耗的作用。举例而言，此时可以使用可调式引射器，该可调式引射器能够根据空调器的运行模式调整引射系数和引射压力。比如在制冷模式下，调整为较小的引射压力，在制热模式下调整为较大的引射压力，从而实现利用一个引射器灵活适应实际的制冷或制热工况的目的。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空调器系统，包括压缩机、室外换热器和室内换热器，
    其特征在于，所述空调器系统还包括辅助换热器和引射器，
    所述压缩机、所述室外换热器、所述辅助换热器、所述室内换热器和所述引射器组成冷媒循环的主回路；
    所述压缩机、所述室外换热器/所述室内换热器、所述辅助换热器和所述引射器组成冷媒循环的支回路；
    在制冷/制热循环中，从所述压缩机流出的一部分冷媒沿所述主回路流入所述引射器，另一部分冷媒沿所述支回路流入所述引射器，两路冷媒在所述引射器内混合后回流到所述压缩机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，在制冷/制热循环中，沿所述主回路经过所述辅助换热器的冷媒的流动方向与沿所述支回路经过所述辅助换热器的冷媒的流动方向相反，并且，
    沿所述主回路流动的冷媒与沿所述支回路流动的冷媒能够在所述辅助换热器处进行热量交换。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述空调器系统还包括设置于所述主回路的第一四通阀和设置于所述支回路第二四通阀，其中，
    所述第一四通阀用于使所述空调器系统在制冷循环与制热循环之间切换；
    所述第二四通阀用于改变所述支回路中的冷媒流经所述辅助换热器的方向。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述辅助换热器与所述室外换热之间分别连接有第一管路和第二管路，所述第一管路作为所述主回路的组成部分，所述第二管路作为所述支回路的组成部分，且所述第一管路的管径大于所述第二管路的管径；
    并且/或者，所述辅助换热器与所述室内换热之间分别连接有第三管路和第四管路，所述第三管路作为所述主回路的组成部分，所述第 四管路作为所述支回路的组成部分，且所述第三管路的管径大于所述第四管路的管径。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述第一管路上设置有第一电子膨胀阀，所述第三管路上设置有第二电子膨胀阀；
    在制冷循环中，所述第一电子膨胀阀处于全开状态，所述第二电子膨胀阀用于冷媒的节流；
    在制热循环中，所述第二电子膨胀阀处于全开状态，所述第一电子膨胀阀用于冷媒的节流。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述第二管路上设置有第一截止阀，所述第四管路上设置有第二截止阀；
    在制冷循环中，所述第一截止阀开启，所述第二截止阀关闭；
    在制热循环中，所述第一截止阀关闭，所述第二截止阀开启。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述引射器为可调式引射器，
    所述可调式引射器能够根据所述空调器的运行模式调整引射系数和引射压力。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述引射器为两个，所述两个引射器为并联设置的第一引射器和第二引射器。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，所述第一引射器与所述第二引射器为规格不同的两种引射器，其中
    所述第一引射器用于制冷循环，所述第二引射器用于制热循环。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的空调器系统，其特征在于，在制冷循环中，所述第一引射器处于通路状态，所述第二引射器处于断路状态，所述主回路中的冷媒与所述支回路中的冷媒分别从不同的入口进入所述第一引射器，然后从所述第一引射器的出口流出；
    在制热循环中，所述第二引射器处于通路状态，所述第一引射器处于断路状态，所述主回路中的冷媒与所述支回路中的冷媒分别从不同的入口进入所述第二引射器，然后从所述第二引射器的出口流出。
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