WO2019128036A1 - 光伏发电厂及其一次调频控制方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of power system power control, and in particular, to a photovoltaic power plant and a primary frequency modulation control method thereof.
- the secondary frequency modulation refers to the frequency modulation method used when the frequency modulation cannot restore the frequency to the specified range when the power system load or the power generation output changes greatly.
- the response lag time of the thermal power generating unit participating in the primary frequency modulation should be less than 3 s, and the frequency fluctuation duration is less than 1 minute;
- the frequency fluctuation duration is a few minutes.
- new energy generator sets usually use power electronic converters for grid connection.
- the grid-connected converters have fast response speed and do not have the inertia and damping required to maintain the safe and stable operation of the system. Therefore, there is a lack of an effective “synchronization” mechanism with the distribution network.
- the total moment of inertia of the system decreases relatively, which affects the fast frequency response speed of the system, and the stability of the power grid is greatly reduced.
- the commonly used method is to transform the existing grid energy management platform, but this method has low precision of the primary frequency modulation response of the generator set, resulting in the overall generator set.
- the frequency modulation action is inconsistent, and the primary frequency response of the generator set is slow, resulting in poor power system stability.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic power plant and a primary frequency modulation control method thereof, which can improve the response speed and accuracy of the primary frequency modulation of the generator set of the photovoltaic power plant, and the actions of the respective generator sets are consistent, and the stability of the power system is high.
- a photovoltaic power plant including: a photovoltaic power station and an active power control system; wherein the photovoltaic power plant includes a photovoltaic array and a photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter generates the photovoltaic array
- the DC power is converted into AC power;
- the active power control system is used to determine the amount of active power change of the single unit according to the operating state of the PV inverter when the frequency value of the grid connection point of the photovoltaic power plant meets the preset primary frequency triggering condition The active power output by the photovoltaic inverter.
- a primary frequency modulation control method for the photovoltaic power plant described in the above embodiment comprising: monitoring a frequency value of a grid point of a photovoltaic power plant; determining a grid connection point When the frequency value satisfies the preset primary frequency modulation trigger condition, the single-machine active power change amount is determined according to the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter; and the active power outputted by the photovoltaic inverter is adjusted based on the single-machine active power variation amount.
- the benefits including, but not limited to, improving the response speed and accuracy of the primary frequency modulation of the genset of the photovoltaic power plant, each genset action has Consistency, high stability of the power system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a frame structure of a photovoltaic power plant according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a topology of a photovoltaic power plant according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the output power response of a photovoltaic power plant in accordance with the frequency fluctuation of the grid point in the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of a field level controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of the total active power increment value determining device 320 of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a single-machine primary frequency triggering device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-machine active power distribution device of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 illustrates a specific flowchart of a primary frequency modulation control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a curve of output power response and grid point frequency fluctuation when the grid point frequency is shifted.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a frequency response waveform of a photovoltaic power plant with a frequency increase and decrease rapidly in a frequency disturbance test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing a frequency response waveform of a photovoltaic power plant with a frequency jump in a frequency disturbance test of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a photovoltaic power plant may include a photovoltaic power plant and an active power control system; wherein the photovoltaic power plant includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays 111 and a plurality of photovoltaic inverters 112, each of which is inversed by PV
- the transformer 112 is connected to a corresponding photovoltaic generator set 10 in the photovoltaic array 111, and the plurality of photovoltaic inverters 112 are used to convert DC power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic arrays 111 into AC power; an active power control system is used for photovoltaic power generation.
- the single-machine active power change amount is determined according to the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter 112, and the photovoltaic power plant is controlled to perform one frequency-modulation. Specifically, the active power output by each photovoltaic inverter is adjusted according to the operating state of each photovoltaic inverter 112.
- the active power control system adopts a centralized control scheme to adjust the active power of the entire power grid, so that the photovoltaic power plant participates in the primary frequency modulation of the power system, and the frequency value of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power plant satisfies a preset primary frequency modulation.
- the active power control system adjusts the output power of each photovoltaic inverter according to the operating state of each photovoltaic inverter, and the respective photovoltaic inverters have the same action, the whole field control speed is fast, and the precision is high, thereby Increase the stability of the system and improve the grid-friendly nature of wind power.
- the active power control system can include a field level controller 121 and a stand-alone frequency modulation module 122, wherein the field level controller 121 is disposed at a booster station of the photovoltaic power plant, field level control The device 121 is configured to determine a total active power increment value of the grid-connected point based on the frequency value of the grid-connected point when the frequency value of the grid-connected point satisfies the one-frequency triggering condition, and generate a single machine once according to the operating state of each photovoltaic inverter 112.
- the frequency modulation command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic inverter 112; the single frequency modulation module 122 is connected to the corresponding photovoltaic inverter 112, and the single frequency modulation module 122 is also used to receive the single frequency modulation command, and the single frequency modulation is performed according to the single machine.
- the command adjusts the active power output by the corresponding photovoltaic inverter 112.
- the boosting station may be configured to perform voltage raising processing on the converted AC power, and deliver the high voltage AC power obtained by the voltage boosting process to the power grid.
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 1 use the same reference numerals.
- each photovoltaic inverter in a photovoltaic power plant, may be connected to a corresponding photovoltaic generator set 10 in the photovoltaic array 111, each photovoltaic inverter. Converting the DC power generated by the connected photovoltaic array 111 into AC power, and converting the converted AC power into the PV bus; the PV bus transmits the AC power to the low voltage bus through a cable connection with the low voltage bus, and the low voltage bus passes through the booster station Connected to the high-voltage busbar, the AC power on the low-voltage busbar is boosted into AC power that meets the requirements of the grid, and is connected to the grid through a grid connection point with the high-voltage bus.
- the field level controller 121 can detect the frequency of the grid connection point as the grid frequency in real time, and can solve the collection caused by the relatively large harmonic of the inverter outlet voltage when collecting the grid frequency through the photovoltaic inverter.
- the problem of inaccurate frequency and the problem that the frequency of the whole field is inconsistent due to the different frequencies collected by each photovoltaic inverter can improve the measurement accuracy of the grid frequency detection and improve the consistency of the primary frequency modulation action.
- the field level controller 121 of the active power control system and each of the stand-alone frequency modulation modules 122 can be connected by fiber optics.
- the field level controller 121 transmits a single frequency modulation command to each single frequency modulation module 122 through an optical fiber transmission.
- Each single frequency modulation module 122 controls a corresponding photovoltaic inverter to perform a single primary frequency modulation operation through a single frequency modulation instruction, and the active power control system dynamic frequency.
- the fast response speed can meet the requirements of the grid for the participation of the photovoltaic field station in the fast frequency response speed.
- the curve of the output power response of the photovoltaic power plant shown in FIG. 3 in response to the grid point frequency fluctuation may be simply referred to as an active/frequency characteristic curve.
- the active power control system of the embodiment of the present disclosure can monitor the frequency fluctuation of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power plant, and realize the primary frequency control of the photovoltaic power plant by coordinating and controlling the active power of the photovoltaic power plant.
- the plant's active power control system can achieve a fast frequency response function of the photovoltaic field station through a given active/frequency characteristic curve.
- the active power control system 120 does not require active power regulation for this small fluctuation of the grid frequency.
- the deadband frequency is a frequency offset set to avoid unnecessary action of the active power control system when the frequency of the grid-connected point is shifted.
- the dead zone frequency may include a positive dead zone threshold DB + and a negative dead zone threshold DB - , a positive dead zone threshold DB + and a negative dead zone threshold DB - both may be set according to the actual operation of the power grid, and therefore, are dead in the positive direction
- the absolute value of the zone threshold DB + and the set negative dead zone threshold DB - may be the same or different.
- the fast frequency response action threshold f d of the active power control system 120 can be determined, and the fast frequency response action threshold f d includes:
- the photovoltaic power plant 100 is triggered to use the active power control system 120.
- One frequency modulation As shown in FIG. 3, when the grid frequency f is greater than the fast frequency response forward threshold value fd+ , or the grid frequency f is less than the fast frequency response negative threshold value fd- , the photovoltaic power plant 100 is triggered to use the active power control system 120.
- One frequency modulation As shown in FIG. 3, when the grid frequency f is greater than the fast frequency response forward threshold value fd+ , or the grid frequency f is less than the fast frequency response negative threshold value fd- , the photovoltaic power plant 100 is triggered to use the active power control system 120.
- One frequency modulation As shown in FIG. 3, when the grid frequency f is greater than the fast frequency response forward threshold value fd+ , or the grid frequency f is less than the fast frequency response negative threshold value fd- .
- the frequency reference value f N of the photovoltaic power plant may be, for example, 50 Hz
- the forward dead zone threshold DB + is 0.06 Hz
- the negative dead zone threshold DB - is -0.06 Hz, according to the frequency reference value f N , the forward direction
- the dead zone threshold DB + and the negative dead zone threshold DB - can determine the fast frequency response action threshold f d , wherein the fast frequency response forward threshold value f d+ is 50.06 Hz, and the fast frequency response negative threshold value f d- is 49.94 Hz.
- the photovoltaic power plant 100 is triggered to perform frequency modulation using the active power control system 120.
- the relationship between the active power of the grid-connected points in the active/frequency characteristic curve and the frequency value of the grid-connected point can be expressed by the following expression (1).
- P represents the active power value of the grid-connected point calculated in real time according to the fluctuation of the frequency value of the grid-connected point
- p 0 represents the initial value of the active power before the photovoltaic power plant enters the primary frequency modulation (hereinafter referred to as power).
- the initial value p 0 ), p N represents the rated power of the photovoltaic power plant, f represents the frequency value of the detected grid connection point, f d represents the fast frequency response action threshold, f N represents the preset frequency reference value, and ⁇ % represents the photovoltaic power generation
- the modulation coefficient of the photovoltaic generator set is the slope of the active/frequency characteristic curve.
- the expression (2) can also be expressed as the following expression (3), which is two different expressions of the active power increment value DeltP1. .
- the above expression (1) can also be expressed as the following expression (4), and the expression (1) and the expression (4) are two different expressions of the active power value P of the grid point. the way:
- the frequency value of the grid point is higher than the frequency dead zone, that is, f ⁇ f d+ , and can be obtained by the above expression (2) or expression (3).
- the active power increment value DeltP of the photovoltaic power plant is less than zero, and the active power value P of the grid point is smaller than the active power initial value p 0 . Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the active power of the photovoltaic power plant.
- the frequency value of the grid point is lower than the frequency dead zone, that is, f ⁇ f d+ .
- the active power increment value DeltP of the photovoltaic power plant is greater than zero, and the active power value P of the grid point is greater than the active power initial value p 0 . Therefore, it is necessary to increase the active power of the photovoltaic power plant.
- the adjustable power value has an adjustable power limit. Adjusting power limits includes: increasing power limits and reducing power limits.
- the power value that can be increased can be less than the preset boost power limit, and the power value can be reduced less than the power limit can be reduced.
- both the boostable power limit and the reduced power limit can be set to a PV plant minimum output limit of 10% P N .
- the downward adjustment may not be performed.
- the minimum output limit of the photovoltaic power plant is set to 10% P N to prevent the photovoltaic power station from being disconnected due to the adjustment of the frequency modulation process.
- the active power of the power grid when the active power of the power grid is high, the active power can be reduced to 10% of the rated output, and the power limitation of the primary frequency modulation and the power reduction can be set to the rated output of the photovoltaic power plant. 10%.
- the total active power of the grid-connected point can be calculated according to the real-time frequency of the grid-connected point.
- the control system allocates the active power increment of the photovoltaic power plant grid-connected point according to the operating state of each inverter to each photovoltaic inverter operating state, and delivers it to each photovoltaic inverter.
- the photovoltaic power plant in the embodiment of the present disclosure does not include an energy storage device, and the active power control system is used to control the active output of the photovoltaic inverter.
- the field level controller 121 may include: a photovoltaic power plant primary frequency modulation triggering device 310, a total active power incremental value determining device 320, a single-machine primary frequency modulation triggering device 330, and a single active power distribution.
- Device 340 wherein
- the primary frequency modulation triggering device 310 of the photovoltaic power plant is configured to monitor the frequency value of the grid-connected point. When the frequency value of the monitored grid-connected point is offset from the preset frequency reference value, and the frequency offset meets the initial frequency-trigger triggering condition, the photovoltaic inverse is adjusted.
- the active power output of the transformer, the primary frequency triggering condition includes that the frequency value of the grid-connected point is greater than a preset positive dead zone threshold, or the frequency value of the grid-connected point is less than the negative dead zone threshold.
- the total active power increment value determining device 320 is configured to use the detected initial value of the active power of the photovoltaic power plant, the frequency value of the grid connection point, and the automatic power generation of the power grid when the frequency offset amount satisfies the primary frequency modulation trigger condition.
- the AGC command value is controlled, the total active power control target value of the grid point is determined, and the total active power increment value of the grid point is calculated according to the total active power control target value.
- the single-stage primary frequency triggering device 330 is configured to determine whether the photovoltaic power generation in the photovoltaic power station is normal and whether the photovoltaic inverter meets the preset single-machine active power distribution condition, and determines that the photovoltaic power station is allowed to participate in the primary frequency modulation.
- the PV inverter to be frequency modulated.
- the single-machine active power distribution device 340 is configured to allocate the total active power increment value according to the operating state of each PV inverter to be modulated, and obtain the output power target value of each PV inverter to be modulated, to each standby
- the frequency modulated photovoltaic inverter transmits a single-machine primary frequency modulation command including an output power target value, a preset power adjustment step size, and an adjustment rate.
- the grid state is monitored in real time, the total active increment value of the grid-connected point is calculated, and based on the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter in the photovoltaic power station, the PV-to-FM inverse that is allowed to participate in the primary frequency modulation in the photovoltaic power station is determined.
- the transformer adjusts the output power of the PV inverter to be modulated, participates in the system's primary frequency modulation, and reasonably allocates the active increment of the whole field.
- the total active power delta value determining device 320 may include: a total active power control target value determining module 321, a total active power target limit value setting module 322, and a total active power incremental value. Calculation module 323. among them,
- the total active power control target value determining module 321 is configured to determine the total value of the grid-connected point by using the initial value of the active power of the photovoltaic power plant, the frequency value of the grid-connected point, and the AGC command value when the frequency offset meets the first-frequency triggering condition. Active power control target value.
- the total active power control target value determining module 321 may include: a primary frequency active power increment value calculating unit, an AGC command active power incremental value calculating unit, a first total control target value calculating unit, and a second total control target. a value calculation unit and a third total control target value calculation unit; wherein
- a frequency-modulated active increment value calculation unit is configured to calculate a frequency offset of the grid-connected point based on the detected frequency value of the grid-connected point, and calculate the active power of the frequency offset of the grid-connected point by using the frequency offset of the grid-connected point Incremental value.
- the AGC command active power value calculation unit is configured to use the difference between the current AGC command value and the last AGC command value as the active power increment value of the current AGC command according to the current AGC command value of the power grid and the last AGC command value.
- the first total control target value calculation unit is configured to set the total active power control target value of the grid-connected point when the first active power control condition is satisfied, and increase the active power increment of the current AGC command based on the initial value of the active power.
- the first active incremental control condition includes any of the following conditions:
- the frequency value of the grid-connected point is within the allowable range of the frequency of the grid-connected point
- the second total control target value calculation unit is configured to maintain the grid AGC command value as the last AGC command value when the second active incremental control condition is satisfied, and increase the active power of the frequency offset based on the initial value of the active power
- the power increment value is the total active power increment value of the active point of the grid connection point.
- the second active incremental control condition includes:
- the total active power target limit value setting module 322 is configured to set the active power control target value of the grid-connected point to the grid-connected active power lower limit threshold when the active power control target value of the grid-connected point is lower than the preset grid-connected active power lower limit threshold.
- the third total control target value calculation unit is configured to set the total active power control target value of the grid connection point to the current AGC command value when the third active power increment control condition is satisfied.
- the third active incremental control condition includes:
- the frequency offset of the grid-connected point is greater than the negative dead zone threshold and less than the positive dead zone threshold; wherein the same adjustment direction indicates that the active power increment value of the current AGC command and the active power increment value of the frequency offset are positive.
- the number or both are negative; the difference of the adjustment direction means that the active power increment value of the AGC instruction is positive when the active power increment value of the frequency offset is different and is not negative when it is not.
- the frequency offset of the grid-connected point does not exceed the frequency deadband, as an example, it can be expressed as 50 +DB - ⁇ f ⁇ 50+DB + ,
- the fast frequency response function of the photovoltaic power plant should be coordinated with the AGC control, that is, the active power control target value of the grid connection point should be the AGC command value and the fast frequency response adjustment amount algebra sum.
- the grid frequency exceeds the allowable range of the grid-connected point frequency, for example, 50 ⁇ 0.1 Hz, the new energy fast frequency response latches the AGC reverse regulation command.
- the grid-connected active power control target value is an active power increment value that continuously superimposes the frequency offset and an active power increment value of the current AGC command based on the initial value of the active power of the photovoltaic power plant, when the grid frequency Exceeding the allowable range of the grid-connected frequency, the active power increment value of the current AGC command is no longer superimposed on the basis of maintaining the active power increment value of the last AGC command.
- the AGC instruction can be a secondary frequency modulation instruction.
- the fast frequency response function of the PV power plant should be coordinated with the AGC control.
- the active power control target value of the new energy field station should be the AGC command value and the fast frequency response adjustment amount algebra sum.
- the new energy fast frequency response latches the AGC reverse adjustment command.
- the difference between the negative-frequency threshold of the fast-frequency response and the frequency value of the grid-connected point is taken as The frequency offset of the dot.
- the difference between the fast threshold value of the fast frequency response and the frequency value of the grid-connected point is used as the frequency offset of the grid-connected point. the amount.
- the difference between the fast-frequency response negative threshold value and the fast frequency response frequency minimum value is used as the frequency offset of the grid-connected point.
- the difference between the fast-frequency response forward threshold and the maximum fast-frequency response frequency is taken as the frequency offset of the grid-connected point.
- the fast frequency response negative threshold value f d ⁇ is the sum of the frequency reference value f N and the negative dead zone threshold DB ⁇
- the fast frequency response forward threshold value f d+ is the frequency reference value f N and the positive dead zone threshold DB + 's and.
- the primary frequency active power increment value calculation unit uses the frequency offset of the grid-connected point to calculate the active power increment value of the frequency offset of the grid-connected point, and is specifically used for:
- the active power control target value of the grid-connected point corresponding to the grid point frequency offset is calculated by the following expression (5):
- the active power control target value of the grid-connected point corresponding to the grid point frequency offset is calculated by the following expression (7):
- the active power control target value of the grid-connected point corresponding to the grid point frequency offset is calculated by the following expression (8):
- P 1 is the active power control target value of the grid-connected point corresponding to the grid point frequency offset
- f is the frequency value of the detected grid-connected point
- P 0 is once entered.
- Deltf is the calculated frequency offset of the grid-connected point
- P E is the rated power of the photovoltaic power plant
- f N is the frequency reference value
- ⁇ % is the preset primary frequency modulation
- the adjustment coefficient f max is the maximum value of the fast frequency response frequency
- f min is the minimum value of the fast frequency response frequency.
- the total active power incremental value calculation module is configured to use the difference between the total active power control target value and the initial value of the active power of the photovoltaic power plant as the total active power increment value of the grid connection point.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the single-machine primary frequency triggering device of FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the single-machine primary frequency triggering device 330 may include:
- the model machine state determining module 331 is configured to determine that the running state of the model machine is normal when the template machine meets the preset fault-free operating condition.
- the model machine is used to operate according to the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter, and the model machine corresponding to each power-limited inverter is used to select in advance according to a preset model selection step, and the selection process of the template machine includes:
- Step 01 Obtain multiple groups of multiple PV inverters, and screen PV inverters with similar geographical locations and the same output capacity in each grouped PV inverter;
- step 02 a photovoltaic inverter is selected as a model machine among the selected photovoltaic inverters, and a photovoltaic inverter other than the sample machine in the group is used as the power limiting inverter.
- each of the grouped photovoltaic inverters one of the inverters of similar geographic location and the same capacity is selected, and the model machine is used for full operation of the rated power. And in one frequency modulation, the output power of the model machine does not need to be adjusted.
- the component to be determined satisfies the following conditions:
- the communication interface of the component to be determined is normal, the component to be determined has no fault alarm, the measured active power of the component to be determined is greater than or equal to a preset lower limit value of the active power of the grid connection point, and the active power rate of the component to be determined is less than the active power rate change threshold. .
- the limited power inverter state determining module 332 is configured to meet the fault-free operating condition of the power limiting inverter, and determine that the limited power inverter operating state is normal when the model machine corresponding to the power limiting inverter simultaneously meets the faultless operating condition. .
- the fault-free judgment of the current model corresponding to the inverter needs to satisfy the following conditions:
- the active power measurement value of the model machine is more than 10% of the rated capacity
- the active rate of the prototype is less than 5 kW/s.
- the current inverter faultless judgment needs to meet the following conditions:
- the measured value of active power is more than 10% of the rated capacity
- the rate of change of active power is less than 5 kW/s
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the specific structure of the single-machine active power distribution device of FIG. 4.
- the single-machine active power distribution device 340 may specifically include:
- the grid-connected power adjustable value calculation module 341 is configured to calculate an active power adjustable value of the grid-connected point according to the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point and the active power value of each of the acquired PV inverters, and the network point
- the active power adjustable value includes the active power boostable value of the grid point or the active power of the grid point can be reduced;
- the grid point power adjustable value calculation module 341 may include a grid point power boostable value calculation unit and a grid point power down value calculation unit.
- the grid-connected power boostable value calculating unit is configured to: when the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point is greater than zero and greater than a preset maximum boostable power limit, each of the to-be-tuned photovoltaic inverters is corresponding The difference between the active power value of the model machine and the active power value of the PV inverter to be frequency-modulated, as the boostable power value of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated, and each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated Increasing the sum of the power values as a grid-connected point can increase the active power value;
- the grid-connected power reduction value calculation unit is configured to: each of the to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverters when the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point is less than zero and less than a preset maximum-reduced active power limit The difference between the active power value and the lower limit of the active power of the grid-connected point is used as the power-reducible power value of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated, and the sum of the power-reducible power values of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated is used as a grid-connected point.
- the active power value can be reduced.
- the grid-connected power boostable value calculation unit is further configured to: when the achievable active power value of the grid-connected point is greater than the maximum achievable power limit, the maximum achievable power limit is used as the grid-connected point to improve the active power. Power value
- the grid-connected power reduction value calculation unit is further used to reduce the active power value when the reduced active power value of the grid-connected point is less than the maximum power-reducible power limit, and the maximum power-reducible power limit is used as a grid-connected point. .
- the single-machine adjustment ratio calculation module 342 is configured to calculate an active power adjustment ratio of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated based on the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point and the active power adjustable value of the grid-connected point, and each of the to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverses
- the active power adjustment ratio of the transformer includes an increase in the power adjustment ratio or a reduction in the power adjustment ratio
- the single-machine adjustable ratio calculation unit is configured to use the ratio of the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point to the boostable active power value when the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point is greater than zero.
- Each of the PV inverters to be upgraded can increase the power adjustment ratio, and when the boostable power adjustment ratio is greater than 100%, the boostable power adjustment ratio is set to 1.
- the single machine can reduce the adjustment ratio calculation unit, and when the total active power increment value of the grid connection point is less than zero, the ratio of the total active power increment value of the grid connection point to the decreaseable active power value is used as
- Each of the to-be-tuned photovoltaic inverters can reduce the power adjustment ratio, and when the power adjustment ratio can be reduced by 100% or less, the boostable power adjustment ratio is set to -1.
- the single-machine active incremental value calculation module 343 is configured to calculate an output power target value of each of the to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverters based on the active power adjustment ratio and the active power value of each of the to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverters.
- the stand-alone power boost value calculation unit is configured to calculate the boostable output power increment value of the to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverter using the expression (9):
- CommandP n (ModelMachineMeasP[n]-MeasP n )* ⁇ 1 %+CommandP n0 (9)
- CommandP n is the target value of the boostable output power of the PV inverter to be modulated
- ModelMachineMeasP[n] is the active power value of the model machine corresponding to the PV inverter to be modulated
- MeasP n is the FM to be modulated.
- the active power value of the photovoltaic inverter, ⁇ 1 % is the preset boostable power ratio
- CommandP n0 is the active power value before the frequency modulation of the PV inverter to be modulated.
- the single-machine reduced power increment value calculation unit is configured to calculate the reduced output power increment value of the current to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverter using the expression (10):
- CommandP n (MeasP[n]-n%P n )* ⁇ 2 %+CommandP n0 (10)
- CommandP n is the target value of the output power of the PV inverter to be reduced
- MeasP n is the active power value of the PV inverter to be frequency modulated
- n%P n is the minimum active power limit value
- P n For the rated power of the photovoltaic power plant ⁇ 2 % is the preset power reduction ratio
- CommandP n0 is the active power value before the frequency modulation of the PV inverter to be modulated.
- the single-machine power allocation determining module 222 is configured to: when determining that the running state of the model machine is normal, the operating state of the power-limited inverter is normal, and the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the active power of the grid-connected point, the photovoltaic power station is A limited power inverter other than the model machine is used as the PV inverter to be modulated.
- the photovoltaic power plant in order to ensure the stability of the photovoltaic power plant operation, prevent the minimum output limit of the photovoltaic power plant from being set to 10% Pn, to prevent the photovoltaic power plant from being disconnected due to the adjustment of the frequency modulation process, when the photovoltaic power plant full field active power increment value, ie The active power increment value of the grid-connected point is lower than the lower limit of the active power of the grid-connected point, and no single-machine power allocation is performed.
- the stand-alone frequency modulation module 122 may include: a stand-alone communication interface and a photovoltaic controller, where
- a single-machine communication interface configured to be connected to the field level controller 121, receive the single-machine primary frequency modulation command generated by the field level controller 121, and send the received single-machine primary frequency modulation command to the corresponding to-be-modulated photovoltaic inverter;
- the photovoltaic controller is configured to be connected to the corresponding photovoltaic array 111, and according to the output power target value, the preset power adjustment step size and the adjustment rate in the single-stage primary frequency modulation command, the step size and the adjustment rate are adjusted according to the preset power, and the frequency to be modulated is to be adjusted.
- the PV inverter is adjusted to the output power target value.
- the active power value is increased by 10% Pn/s step, and when the active power command value is less than 10% Pn, according to the control
- the policy period value is issued with an active power increase value, where P n is the rated power value of the photovoltaic power plant.
- the active power control system adopts a centralized control mode to collect voltage and current signals of the grid connection point, and calculates the frequency, active and reactive power of the grid in real time; the active power control system can be combined with each photovoltaic inverter. Through optical fiber communication, the operation state of each inverter is obtained in real time; when the frequency offset of the power grid triggers one frequency modulation, the active power control system performs the proportional operation according to the operation state of each inverter according to the requirements of one frequency modulation.
- Adjusting the active power value of the PV inverter to be modulated, realizing the full field distribution of active power, and the first frequency modulation action of each PV inverter to be frequency modulated is consistent throughout the entire frequency modulation process, and the whole field control speed is fast and the precision is high.
- FIG. 8 shows a detailed flow chart of a primary frequency modulation control method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the primary frequency control method 800 can include:
- Step S810 monitoring the frequency value of the grid connection point.
- step S820 when it is determined that the frequency value of the grid-connected point satisfies the preset primary frequency-trigger trigger condition, the single-machine active power change amount is determined according to the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter.
- Step S830 adjusting the active power output by the photovoltaic inverter based on the amount of change in the active power of the single unit.
- the response speed and accuracy of the primary frequency modulation of the genset of the photovoltaic power plant can be improved, the operation of each genset is consistent, and the stability of the power system is high.
- step S820 the step of determining the amount of change of the active power of the single unit according to the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter may specifically include:
- Step S821 determining a total active power control target value of the grid connection point, and calculating a total active power variation amount of the grid connection point according to the total active power control target value.
- step S821 may specifically include:
- Step S821-01 when the frequency offset of the grid-connected point satisfies the primary frequency-trigger trigger condition, the initial active power control target of the grid-connected point is determined by using the initial value of the active power of the photovoltaic power plant, the frequency value of the grid-connected point, and the AGC command value. value.
- step of determining the total active power control target value of the grid connection point in step S821-01 may specifically include:
- Step S01 Calculate the frequency offset of the grid-connected point based on the detected frequency value of the grid-connected point, and calculate the active power increment value of the frequency offset of the grid-connected point by using the frequency offset of the grid-connected point.
- the step of calculating the active power increment value of the frequency offset of the grid connection point in the step S01 may specifically include:
- the difference between the fast threshold value of the fast frequency response and the frequency value of the grid-connected point is used as the frequency offset of the grid-connected point. the amount;
- the difference between the fast frequency response negative threshold value and the fast frequency response frequency minimum value is taken as the frequency offset of the grid connection point
- the difference between the fast-frequency response forward threshold and the maximum fast-frequency response frequency is taken as the frequency offset of the grid-connected point.
- the fast frequency response negative threshold is the sum of the frequency reference and the negative deadband threshold
- the fast frequency response frequency maximum is the sum of the frequency reference and the positive deadband threshold
- Step S02 according to the current AGC command value of the power grid and the last AGC command value, the difference between the current AGC command value and the last AGC command value is used as the active power increment value of the current AGC command;
- Step S803 when the first active power increment control condition is met, setting a total active power control target value of the grid-connected point to increase the active power increment value and the frequency offset of the current AGC command based on the initial value of the active power.
- the algebraic sum of the power increment values which yields the active total active power increment value of the grid-connected point.
- the first active power control condition includes any one of the following conditions: the frequency value of the grid point is within the allowable range of the grid point frequency; the frequency value of the grid point exceeds the allowable range of the grid point frequency and the current AGC The direction in which the command value is adjusted is the same as the direction in which the active power increment value of the frequency offset is adjusted.
- the same adjustment direction indicates that the active power increment value of the current AGC instruction and the active power increment value of the frequency offset are positive or negative; the different adjustment directions indicate the active power increment of the AGC instruction.
- the value is different from the active power increment value of the frequency offset, it is a positive number and is not a negative number at the same time.
- Step S04 when the second active power incremental control condition is satisfied, the grid AGC command value is maintained as the last AGC command value, and based on the initial value of the active power, the active power increment value of the frequency offset is increased to obtain a grid connection point.
- the active total active power increment value of the active power is increased.
- the second active power control condition includes: the frequency value of the grid connection point exceeds the allowable range of the grid point frequency, and the adjustment direction of the current AGC command value is different from the adjustment direction of the active power increment value of the frequency offset. .
- step S05 when the third active power incremental control condition is met, the total active power control target value of the grid-connected point is set to the current AGC command value.
- the third active incremental control condition includes: the frequency offset of the grid point is greater than the negative dead zone threshold and less than the positive dead zone threshold.
- Step S821-02 When the active power control target value of the grid-connected point is lower than the preset grid-connected active power lower limit threshold, the active power control target value of the grid-connected point is set as the grid-connected active power lower limit threshold.
- Step S821-03 the difference between the total active power control target value and the initial value of the active power of the photovoltaic power plant is taken as the total active power increment value of the grid connection point.
- Step S822 determining a to-be-tuned PV inverter that is allowed to participate in the primary frequency modulation in the photovoltaic power station based on the operating state of the photovoltaic inverter in the photovoltaic power station and the single-machine active power distribution condition.
- the photovoltaic inverter in the photovoltaic power station includes a limited power inverter and a limited power inverter corresponding to the model machine.
- step S822 the step of determining the to-be-tuned PV inverter that is allowed to participate in the primary frequency modulation in the photovoltaic power station may specifically include:
- Step S822-01 when the template machine meets the preset fault-free operating condition, it is determined that the running state of the model machine is normal;
- Step S822-02 the limited power inverter meets the fault-free operating condition, and when the model machine corresponding to the power limited inverter meets the fault-free operating condition at the same time, the operating state of the limited power inverter is determined to be normal;
- the component to be determined satisfies the following conditions:
- the communication interface of the component to be determined is normal, the component to be determined has no fault alarm, the measured active power of the component to be determined is greater than or equal to a preset lower limit value of the active power of the grid connection point, and the active power rate of the component to be determined is less than the active power rate change threshold. .
- the model machine is configured to operate according to the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter, and each model machine corresponding to the power limited inverter is used to select in advance according to a preset model selection step, and the template selection step includes :
- Step S822-03 when it is determined that the running state of the model machine is normal, the operating state of the limited power inverter is normal, and the total active power increment value of the grid connection point is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the active power limit of the grid connection point, the photovoltaic power station is other than the model machine.
- the limited power inverter is used as a PV inverter to be frequency modulated.
- Step S823 the total active power increment value is allocated according to the operating state of each PV inverter to be modulated, and the output power target value of each PV inverter to be modulated is obtained, and is sent to each PV inverter to be modulated.
- a single-machine primary frequency command that includes an output power target value, a preset power adjustment step size, and an adjustment rate.
- the model machine is used to operate according to the rated power of the photovoltaic inverter, and the model machine corresponding to each limited power inverter is used to select according to the preset selection procedure of the sample machine in advance, and the selection procedure of the model machine is selected.
- step S823 the total active power increment value is allocated according to the operating state of each PV inverter to be modulated, and the output power target value of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated is obtained.
- Step S823 the total active power increment value is allocated according to the operating state of each PV inverter to be modulated, and the output power target value of each PV inverter to be modulated is obtained, including:
- Step S823-01 calculating an active power adjustable value of the grid-connected point according to the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point and the active power value of each of the acquired PV inverters, and the active power adjustable value of the grid point includes The active power of the grid point can be increased or the active power of the grid point can be reduced.
- step S823-01 may include:
- the active power value of the model machine corresponding to each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated and the PV-inverted PV inverter The difference between the active power values of the devices, as the boostable power value of each PV inverter to be modulated, and the sum of the boostable power values of each PV inverter to be used as the grid-connected boostable active power value .
- the power value can be reduced, and the sum of the power-reducible values of each of the PV inverters to be frequency-modulated can be used as a grid-connected point to reduce the active power value.
- step S823-01 may further include:
- the maximum achievable power limit is used as the achievable active power value of the grid-connected point
- the maximum power-reducible power limit can be reduced as the power-down value of the grid-connected point.
- Step S823-02 calculating an active power adjustment ratio of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated based on the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point and the active power adjustable value of the grid-connected point, and the active power of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated
- the power adjustment ratio includes an increase in the power adjustment ratio or a reduction in the power adjustment ratio
- step S823-02 may specifically include:
- the ratio of the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point to the boostable active power value is used as the adjustable power adjustment ratio of each PV inverter to be modulated, and When the boostable power adjustment ratio is greater than 100%, the boostable power adjustment ratio is set to 1;
- the ratio of the total active power increment value of the grid-connected point to the reduced active power value is used as the power-reducing ratio of each of the PV inverters to be frequency-modulated, and
- the boostable power adjustment ratio is set to -1.
- Step S823-03 calculating an output power target value of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated based on the active power adjustment ratio and the active power value of each PV inverter to be frequency-modulated.
- CommandP n ModelMachineMeasP[n]-MeasP n )* ⁇ 1 %+CommandP n0 to calculate the increaseable output power increment value of the PV inverter to be modulated, wherein
- CommandP n is the target value of the boostable output power of the PV inverter to be modulated.
- ModelMachineMeasP[n] is the active power value of the model machine corresponding to the PV inverter to be modulated, and MeasP n is the inverse of the PV to be modulated.
- the active power value of the transformer, ⁇ 1 % is the preset boostable power ratio, and CommandP n0 is the active power value before the frequency modulation of the PV inverter to be modulated;
- CommandP n is the target value of the output power of the PV inverter to be reduced. MeasP n is the active power value of the PV inverter to be frequency modulated, n% P n is the minimum active power limit value, and P n is the PV The rated power of the power plant, ⁇ 2 % is the preset power reduction ratio, and CommandP n0 is the active power value before the frequency modulation of the PV inverter to be modulated.
- the primary frequency control method 800 can further include:
- the S850 adjusts the to-be-tuned PV inverter to the output power target value according to the preset power adjustment step size and the adjustment rate according to the preset power adjustment step size and the adjustment rate in the single-stage FM command.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the curve of the output power response and the grid frequency fluctuation when the grid point frequency is shifted.
- the photovoltaic power plant is rated at 30 MW
- the photovoltaic power plant can use two different models of the first photovoltaic inverter and the second photovoltaic inverter, wherein the first photovoltaic inverter is rated at 10 MW, and The second photovoltaic inverter is rated at 20 MW and the reference frequency of the photovoltaic power plant is 50 Hz.
- the active power performs a frequency-modulating action according to the active/frequency characteristic curve.
- the grid-connected point simulation device is used to simulate the frequency fluctuation of the grid-connected point.
- the frequency occurs as follows: 50 Hz ⁇ 49.95 Hz ⁇ 49.92 Hz ⁇ 49.89 Hz ⁇ 49.85 Hz ⁇ 49.89 Hz ⁇ 49.92 Hz ⁇ 49.95 Hz ⁇ 50 Hz.
- the active power of the photovoltaic field is responded to within 500ms.
- the frequency disturbance test of the grid frequency is performed by rapidly increasing the load, rapidly reducing the load, and inverting the power of the inverters of the designated photovoltaic power plant.
- Table 1 shows the frequency fast increase and decrease test values in the frequency disturbance test
- Table 2 shows the frequency jump test settings in the frequency disturbance test.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a frequency response of a photovoltaic power plant in a frequency disturbance test in a frequency disturbance test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a frequency of a photovoltaic power plant having a frequency jump in a frequency disturbance test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Fast response waveform is a diagram showing a frequency response of a photovoltaic power plant in a frequency disturbance test in a frequency disturbance test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the maximum frequency disturbance is about 50.08 Hz
- the full field power command is 2200 kW
- the actual grid point gold wind power is about 10 MW.
- the power value of the photovoltaic power plant increases rapidly according to the frequency. Reduce the frequency to respond quickly.
- the maximum frequency disturbance is about 49.91 Hz
- the PV full-field power command is 2200 kW
- the actual grid-connected gold wind power is about 12 MW.
- the power value of the photovoltaic power plant jumps according to the frequency. Perform a fast frequency response.
- the frequency test test of the above photovoltaic power plant can be obtained, and the whole field frequency test result of the actual photovoltaic power plant can be obtained.
- the photovoltaic power plant photovoltaic inverter unit can better track the frequency disturbance under the limited power condition, and the full field active power
- the response time is less than 500ms, which effectively improves the response speed and accuracy of the primary frequency modulation of the generator set of the photovoltaic power plant.
- the operation of each generator set is consistent and the stability of the power system is high.
- the above embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
- software it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product or a computer readable storage medium.
- the computer program product or computer readable storage medium includes one or more computer instructions.
- the computer program instructions When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure are generated in whole or in part.
- the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
- the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
- the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
- the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)).
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Abstract
Description
定值名称 | 值(低频/过频) | 单位 |
死区DeadBand | -0.05/0.05 | Hz |
下垂系数 | 0.667/0.667 | 无 |
截止频率 | 49.8/50.2 | Hz |
定值名称 | 值(低频/过频) | 单位 |
死区DeadBand | -0.05/0.05 | Hz |
下垂系数 | 1/1 | 无 |
截止频率 | 49.85/50.15 | Hz |
Claims (20)
- 一种光伏发电厂,其中包括光伏发电站和有功功率控制系统;其中,所述光伏发电站包括光伏阵列和光伏逆变器,所述光伏逆变器将所述光伏阵列产生的直流电能转换为交流电能;所述有功功率控制系统,用于当所述光伏发电厂的并网点的频率值满足预设的一次调频触发条件时,根据所述光伏逆变器的运行状态确定单机有功功率变化量,调整所述光伏逆变器输出的有功功率。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述有功功率控制系统包括场级控制器和单机调频模块,其中,所述场级控制器,用于确定所述并网点的频率值满足所述一次调频触发条件时,基于所述并网点的频率值计算所述并网点的总有功功率增量值,以及根据光伏逆变器的运行状态生成单机一次调频命令;所述单机调频模块,与对应的光伏逆变器连接,所述单机调频模块用于根据所述单机一次调频指令调整所述对应的光伏逆变器输出的有功功率。
- 根据权利要求2所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述单机调频模块包括:单机通信接口,与所述场级控制器连接,接收所述场级控制器生成的单机一次调频命令,将接收到的所述单机一次调频命令发送至对应的待调频光伏逆变器;光伏控制器,用于根据所述单机一次调频命令中的输出功率目标值、预设功率调节步长和调节速率,按照所述预设功率调节步长和调节速率,将所述待调频光伏逆变器输出的有功功率调整至所述输出功率目标值。
- 根据权利要求3所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述场级控制器包括:光伏发电厂一次调频触发装置,用于监测所述并网点的频率值,当监测的所述并网点的频率值偏移预设的频率基准值,且频率偏移量满足所述一次调频触发条件时,调整所述光伏逆变器输出的有功功率,所述一次调频触发条件包括所述并网点的频率值大于预设的正向死区阈值,或者,所述并网点的频率值小于预设的负向死区阈值;总有功功率增量值确定装置,用于当所述频率偏移量满足所述一次调 频触发条件时,确定所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值,并根据所述总有功功率控制目标值,计算所述并网点的总有功功率增量值;单机一次调频触发装置,用于基于所述光伏发电站中的光伏逆变器的运行状态和单机有功功率分配条件,确定所述光伏发电站中允许参与一次调频的待调频光伏逆变器;单机有功功率分配装置,用于将所述总有功功率增量值按照每台待调频光伏逆变器的运行状态进行分配,得到所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的输出功率目标值,向所述待调频光伏逆变器发送包含所述输出功率目标值、预设功率调节步长和调节速率的单机一次调频命令。
- 根据权利要求4所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述总有功功率增量值确定装置包括:总有功功率控制目标值确定模块,用于当所述频率偏移量满足所述一次调频触发条件时,利用所述光伏发电厂的有功功率初始值、所述并网点的频率值、以及AGC指令值,确定所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值;总有功功率目标限制值设置模块,用于当所述并网点的有功功率控制目标值低于预设的并网点有功功率下限阈值时,设置所述并网点的有功功率控制目标值为所述并网点有功功率下限阈值;总有功功率增量值计算模块,用于将所述总有功功率控制目标值与所述光伏发电厂的有功功率初始值的差值,作为所述并网点的总有功功率增量值。
- 根据权利要求5所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述总有功功率控制目标值确定模块包括:一次调频有功增量值计算单元,用于基于检测的所述并网点的频率值,计算所述并网点的频率偏移量,并利用所述并网点的频率偏移量,计算所述并网点的频率偏移量的有功功率增量值;AGC指令有功增量值计算单元,用于将当前AGC指令值与上一次AGC指令值的差值作为当前AGC指令的有功功率增量值;第一总控制目标值计算单元,用于满足第一有功增量控制条件时,设置所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值为在所述有功功率初始值的基础上, 增加当前AGC指令的有功功率增量值与所述频率偏移量的有功功率增量值的代数和,得到所述并网点的有功的总有功功率增量值;第二总控制目标值计算单元,用于满足第二有功增量控制条件时,保持电网AGC指令值为上一次AGC指令值,并在所述有功功率初始值的基础上,增加所述频率偏移量的有功功率增量值,得到所述并网点的有功的总有功功率增量值;第三总控制目标值计算单元,用于满足第三有功增量控制条件时,设置所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值为当前AGC指令值。
- 根据权利要求4所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述光伏逆变器包括限功率逆变器,所述光伏阵列包括与所述限功率逆变器对应的样板机;所述单机一次调频触发装置包括:样板机状态判定模块,用于当所述样板机满足预设的无故障运行条件时,确定所述样板机运行状态正常;限功率逆变器状态判定模块,用于所述限功率逆变器满足所述无故障运行条件,并且所述限功率逆变器对应的样板机同时满足所述无故障运行条件时,确定所述限功率逆变器运行状态正常;单机功率分配确定模块,用于当确定所述样板机运行状态正常、所述限功率逆变器运行状态正常、以及所述并网点的总有功功率增量值大于等于所述并网点有功功率下限阈值时,将光伏电站中所述样板机以外的限功率逆变器作为所述待调频光伏逆变器。
- 根据权利要求7所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述样板机用于按照光伏逆变器额定功率运行,且所述每台限功率逆变器对应的样板机用于预先按照预设的样板机选取步骤进行选取,所述样板机选取步骤包括:获取对所述光伏逆变器的多个分组,在每个分组的光伏逆变器中筛选地理位置相似且输出容量相同的光伏逆变器;在筛选得到的光伏逆变器中选择一个光伏逆变器作为所述样板机,以及将所述分组中所述样板机以外的光伏逆变器作为限功率逆变器。
- 根据权利要求4所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述单机有功功率分配装 置包括:并网点功率可调整值计算模块,用于根据所述并网点的总有功功率增量值和采集的每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值,计算所述并网点的有功功率可调整值,所述并网点的有功功率可调整值包括所述并网点的有功功率可提升值或所述并网点的有功功率可降低值;单机调整比率计算模块,用于基于所述并网点的总有功功率增量值和所述并网点的有功功率可调整值,计算所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率调整比率,所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率调整比率包括可提升功率调整比率或可降低功率调整比率;单机有功增量值计算模块,用于基于所述有功功率调整比率和所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值,计算每台待调频光伏逆变器的输出功率目标值。
- 根据权利要求9所述的光伏发电厂,其中所述并网点功率可调整值计算模块包括:并网点功率可提升值计算单元,用于当所述并网点的总有功功率增量值大于零且大于预设的最大可提升功率限值时,将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器对应的样板机的有功功率值与本台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值的差值,作为所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可提升功率值,并将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可提升功率值的和作为所述并网点的可提升有功功率值;并网点功率可降低值计算单元,用于当所述并网点的总有功功率增量值小于零时且小于预设的最大可降低有功功率限值时,将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值与所述并网点有功功率下限阈值的差值作为所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可降低功率值,并将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可降低功率值的和作为所述并网点的可降低有功功率值。
- 一种光伏发电厂的一次调频控制方法,其中包括:监测所述光伏发电厂并网点的频率值;确定所述并网点的频率值满足预设的一次调频触发条件时,根据光伏逆变器的运行状态确定单机有功功率变化量;基于所述单机有功功率变化量调整所述光伏逆变器输出的有功功率。
- 根据权利要求11所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述根据光伏逆变器的运行状态确定单机有功功率变化量,包括:确定所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值,并根据所述总有功功率控制目标值,计算所述并网点的总有功功率变化量;基于所述光伏发电站中的光伏逆变器的运行状态和单机有功功率分配条件,确定所述光伏发电站中允许参与一次调频的待调频光伏逆变器;将所述总有功功率变化量按照每台待调频光伏逆变器的运行状态进行分配,得到所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的输出功率目标值,向所述待调频光伏逆变器发送包含所述输出功率目标值、预设功率调节步长和调节速率的单机一次调频命令。
- 根据权利要求12所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述确定所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值,并根据所述总有功功率控制目标值,计算所述并网点的总有功功率增量值,包括:当并网点的频率偏移量满足所述一次调频触发条件时,利用所述光伏发电厂的有功功率初始值、所述并网点的频率值、以及AGC指令值,确定所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值;当所述并网点的有功功率控制目标值低于预设的并网点有功功率下限阈值时,设置所述并网点的有功功率控制目标值为所述并网点有功功率下限阈值;将所述总有功功率控制目标值与所述光伏发电厂的有功功率初始值的差值,作为所述并网点的总有功功率增量值。
- 根据权利要求13所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述利用所述光伏发电厂的有功功率初始值、所述并网点的频率值、以及AGC指令值,确定所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值,包括:基于检测的所述并网点的频率值,计算所述并网点的频率偏移量,并利用所述并网点的频率偏移量,计算所述并网点的频率偏移量的有功功率增量值;根据所述电网的当前AGC指令值和上一次AGC指令值,将当前AGC指令值与上一次AGC指令值的差值作为当前AGC指令的有功功率 增量值;满足第一有功增量控制条件时,设置所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值为在所述有功功率初始值的基础上,增加当前AGC指令的有功功率增量值与所述频率偏移量的有功功率增量值的代数和,得到所述并网点的有功的总有功功率增量值;满足第二有功增量控制条件时,保持所述电网AGC指令值为上一次AGC指令值,并在所述有功功率初始值的基础上,增加所述频率偏移量的有功功率增量值,得到所述并网点的有功的总有功功率增量值;满足第三有功增量控制条件时,设置所述并网点的总有功功率控制目标值为当前AGC指令值。
- 根据权利要求14所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述基于检测的所述并网点的频率值,计算所述并网点的频率偏移量,包括:当所述并网点的频率值大于等于快速频率响应频率最小值,且所述并网点的频率值小于快速频率响应负向门槛值时,将所述快速频率响应负向门槛值与所述并网点的频率值的差值作为所述并网点的频率偏移量;当所述并网点的频率值大于所述快速频率响应正向门槛值,且小于等于所述快速频率响应频率最大值时,将所述快速频率响应正向门槛值与所述并网点的频率值的差值作为所述并网点的频率偏移量;当所述并网点的频率值小于所述快速频率响应频率最小值,将所述快速频率响应负向门槛值与所述快速频率响应频率最小值的差值作为所述并网点的频率偏移量;当所述并网点的频率值大于所述快速频率响应频率最大值,将所述快速频率响应正向门槛值与所述快速频率响应频率最大值的差值作为所述并网点的频率偏移量,其中,所述快速频率响应负向门槛值为所述频率基准值与所述负向死区阈值的和,所述快速频率响应频率最大值为所述频率基准值与所述正向死区阈值的和。
- 根据权利要求12所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述光伏发电站中的光伏逆变器包括限功率逆变器和所述限功率逆变器对应的样板机;所述基于所述光伏发电站中的光伏逆变器的运行状态和单机有功功率分配条件,确定所述光伏发电站中允许参与一次调频的待调频光伏逆变器,包括:当所述样板机满足预设的无故障运行条件时,确定所述样板机运行状态正常;所述限功率逆变器满足所述无故障运行条件,并且所述限功率逆变器对应的样板机同时满足所述无故障运行条件时,确定所述限功率逆变器运行状态正常;当确定所述样板机运行状态正常、所述限功率逆变器运行状态正常、以及所述并网点的总有功功率增量值大于等于所述并网点有功功率下限阈值时,将光伏电站中所述样板机以外的限功率逆变器作为所述待调频光伏逆变器。
- 根据权利要求16所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述无故障运行条件包括所述样板机或所述限功率逆变器分别作为待判定组件时,所述待判定组件满足如下条件:所述待判定组件的通信接口正常、所述待判定组件无故障报警、测量的所述待判定组件的有功功率大于等于预设的并网点有功功率下限阈值、以及所述待判定组件的有功功率变化速率小于有功功率变化速率阈值。
- 根据权利要求16所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述样板机用于按照光伏逆变器额定功率运行,且所述每台限功率逆变器对应的样板机用于预先按照预设的样板机选取步骤进行选取,所述样板机选取步骤包括:获取对所述多个光伏逆变器的多个分组,在每个分组的光伏逆变器中筛选地理位置相似且输出容量相同的光伏逆变器;在筛选得到的光伏逆变器中选择一个光伏逆变器作为所述样板机,以及将所述分组中所述样板机以外的光伏逆变器作为限功率逆变器。
- 根据权利要求12所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述将所述总有功功率增量值按照每台待调频光伏逆变器的运行状态进行分配,得到所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的输出功率目标值,包括:根据所述并网点的总有功功率增量值和采集的每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值,计算所述并网点的有功功率可调整值,所述并网点的有功功率可调整值包括所述并网点的有功功率可提升值或所述并网点的有功功率可降低值;基于所述并网点的总有功功率增量值和所述并网点的有功功率可调整值,计算所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率调整比率,所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率调整比率包括可提升功率调整比率或可降低功率调整比率;基于所述有功功率调整比率和所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值,计算每台待调频光伏逆变器的输出功率目标值。
- 根据权利要求19所述的一次调频控制方法,其中所述根据所述并网点的总有功功率增量值和采集的每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值,计算所述并网点的有功功率可调整值,包括:当所述并网点的总有功功率增量值大于零且大于预设的最大可提升功率限值时,将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器对应的样板机的有功功率值与本台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值的差值,作为所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可提升功率值,并将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可提升功率值的和作为所述并网点的可提升有功功率值;当所述并网点的总有功功率增量值小于零时且小于预设的最大可降低有功功率限值时,将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的有功功率值与所述并网点有功功率下限阈值的差值作为所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可降低功率值,并将所述每台待调频光伏逆变器的可降低功率值的和作为所述并网点的可降低有功功率值。
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AU2018396279B2 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
AU2018396279A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
EP3651299A1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
CN108054770A (zh) | 2018-05-18 |
US11101770B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
US20200169219A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 |
CN108054770B (zh) | 2019-04-23 |
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