WO2019128015A1 - Appareil de micro-observation in situ et procédé d'ingénierie de microcosme de masse rocheuse - Google Patents

Appareil de micro-observation in situ et procédé d'ingénierie de microcosme de masse rocheuse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128015A1
WO2019128015A1 PCT/CN2018/085299 CN2018085299W WO2019128015A1 WO 2019128015 A1 WO2019128015 A1 WO 2019128015A1 CN 2018085299 W CN2018085299 W CN 2018085299W WO 2019128015 A1 WO2019128015 A1 WO 2019128015A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
observation
control box
probe
computer
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PCT/CN2018/085299
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陆银龙
王凯
王连国
孟星宇
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中国矿业大学
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to AU2018338596A priority Critical patent/AU2018338596B2/en
Publication of WO2019128015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128015A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an engineering rock mass fissure observation device and method, in particular to an in-situ microscopic observation device and method for a microscopic fissure of an engineering rock mass, belonging to the field of engineering rock mass control.
  • in-situ fissure observation is widely used as an important technical means. It can obtain the development of fractures of engineering rock mass, especially the development of meso-fractures of engineering rock mass. It provides a basis for obtaining initial damage of rock mass and meso-fracture evolution after loading, providing real and reliable technical support for surrounding rock stability control and disaster prevention, and has very strong techniques for grouting reinforcement and water blocking at the construction site. Important role.
  • the downhole in-situ fracture observation device mainly uses the traditional borehole peeping device, but the peeping probe used in the traditional borehole peeping device can only capture the distribution of macroscopic cracks larger than 1mm in size, and the size of 0.01mm cannot be observed.
  • the distribution of meso-fractures such as the observation device shown in Chinese patent CN106437680A, can realize the in-situ observation of cracks, but the device used can only capture the macroscopic cracks that can be observed by the naked eye, but can not capture smaller sizes. Mesoscopic fissures, so conventional in-situ observation devices are unable to obtain the distribution of meso-fractures in the surrounding rock.
  • the existing meso-fracture observations are mostly laboratory indoor observations, such as the device and technology shown in Chinese patent CN103163134A.
  • the samples are taken back to the laboratory for observation, so that the microscopic fractures of the rock can be obtained. Distribution, but this method caused the re-destruction of the rock, and the true distribution of the in-situ fissures of the surrounding rock could not be obtained.
  • the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for in-situ observation of meso-fractures of surrounding rock, which is reasonable in design and convenient to use, and can accurately obtain meso-fractures in the in-situ rock mass, and can Realize automatic observation.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a device capable of performing in-situ observation of the surrounding cracks of the surrounding rock, comprising: a rotating electric machine, a turntable, a guide rail, a forward mechanism, a control box, a micro probe, a device casing, a computer;
  • the outer casing has a transparent cylindrical structure, and the innermost end of the device casing is fixed with a rotating electric motor; the rotating plate is rotatably connected with the device casing, and the rotating electric machine is connected to the rotating carousel; one end of the guiding rail is fixed on the turntable, and the advancing mechanism, the control box and the display are mounted on the guide rail.
  • the micro probes are all mounted on the advancement mechanism, and the micro probe and the advancement mechanism are connected to the control box by wires, and the control box is wirelessly connected with the computer; the lens center axis of the micro probe is perpendicular to the central axis of the equipment casing
  • the microprobe rotates in the circumferential direction of the borehole driven by the rotary motor; after each rotation, the control box controls the advancement mechanism to advance along the guide rail, and the microprobe follows the advancement mechanism along the axial direction of the borehole. Advance one line of sight distance, and repeat the above steps until the entire borehole is observed.
  • the rotating electric machine rotates through the gear set control dial.
  • the gear set includes a first gear mounted on the output shaft of the rotating electric machine and a second gear sleeved on the rotating disc.
  • the first gear meshes with the second gear, and the rotating electric machine rotates with the rotating disc.
  • the rotary motor adopts a stepping motor, which can precisely control the rotation angle to ensure that the microprobe can rotate one year along the equipment casing.
  • the center of the turntable is equipped with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the end surface of the device casing through the bearing housing.
  • the guide rail is provided with a track groove and a limit groove for providing a traveling track for the advancement mechanism, and the limit groove is used for limiting and guiding the advancement mechanism.
  • the advancing mechanism includes a forward motor and a forward gear set; the forward gear set includes a gear of the forward motor output end, a connecting rod gear, a connecting rod and two forward gears; the connecting rod gear is connected to the two forward gears through the connecting rod, The connecting rod gear meshes with the output gear of the motor.
  • the forward motor uses a stepper motor to precisely control the forward distance and ensure that the microprobe advances a line of sight along the guide rail.
  • the control box is composed of a main control module, a rotation module, a forward module, a focusing module, an image processing module, a power module, and a wireless transmission module, wherein: the main control module receives the commands issued by the computer and performs each module Control; Rotate the module, control the rotating motor to rotate, set the required rotation angle through the computer to complete the rotation of the microprobe; advance module controls the advancement mechanism to advance, set the required advance distance through the computer, complete the advancement of the microprobe
  • the focusing module accurately controls the focusing of the microprobe to obtain good observation results; the image processing module processes the image information collected by the microprobe for transmission; the power module, with the battery, for the entire control
  • the box and the microscopic probe provide power; the wireless transmission module is used for wireless connection of each module and the computer and information transmission, so that the computer wirelessly operates the control box and transmits the image information collected by the microscopic probe to the computer.
  • the microscopic probe is mounted on one side of the control box, the lens of which is close to the inner wall of the equipment casing, and the path of one rotation is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the equipment casing.
  • the microprobe uses a focusable microscopy probe that requires a sufficiently large magnification and pixels.
  • the microscope with model Dino-Lite AM4113T has 8 LED lights with a working distance of 9mm and a field of view of 10mm*8mm. .
  • the equipment casing is made of high-hardness tempered glass, which not only ensures the safe observation of the microscopic probe, but also ensures the observation effect required by the microscopic probe.
  • the diameter of the equipment casing is slightly smaller than the diameter of the borehole, and the length is greater than the depth of the borehole, ensuring that the axis of the equipment casing substantially coincides with the axis of the borehole.
  • the computer realizes remote operation of each module in the control box through the main control module, and transmits the image information collected by the microscopic probe to the computer for storage through the wireless transmission module for later analysis.
  • the invention simultaneously proposes a method, and the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 Drill holes in the target surrounding rock observation area, observe the hole forming effect after forming the holes, check whether there are any holes or holes, and if necessary, drill holes in time;
  • Step 2 After the rotating motor, the turntable and the guide rail are fixed, the forward mechanism and the control box are mounted on the guide rail, and the microscopic probe is connected with the control box, and finally the lens center axis of the microprobe mounted on the guide rail is ensured.
  • the central axis of the equipment casing 7 is perpendicularly intersected, and after the inspection is correct, the equipment is placed in the borehole.
  • Step 3 Remotely operate the control box through the computer. Firstly, after controlling the power module to turn on the power, adjust the focal length of the microprobe by controlling the focusing module, and start observing after achieving the best observation effect; by controlling the rotating module, rotating the motor After starting, the rotating disc rotates, so that the micro-probe rotates at a constant speed with the guide rail according to the set rotation angle; then the forward module is controlled, and the advancement mechanism is activated to make the micro-probe follow the control box along the guide rail according to the design advancement distance by one line of sight. Distance, complete an observation cycle, and then cycle.
  • Step 4 During the observation period, the image information captured by the microscopic probe is processed by the image processing module and transmitted to the computer hard disk for storage through the wireless transmission module, so as to perform further analysis later.
  • the present invention realizes meso-fracture observation in the in-situ rock mass of the roadway by using the micro-probe with high magnification effect instead of the traditional observation probe, effectively avoiding the defects of the laboratory observation, and obtaining the surrounding rock.
  • the actual distribution of meso-fractures has great guiding significance for the study of grouting support in roadway.
  • the invention realizes the automatic control of observation by adopting the method of multi-module joint control, can control the micro-probe to realize automatic rotation and advancement, and effectively solves the severe manual operation condition caused by the narrow observation area of the micro-probe, and is effective The savings in manpower and complexity of use.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of the gear mechanism of the forward mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the operation of the control box of the present invention.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a device capable of performing in situ observation of the meso-fracture of the surrounding rock, comprising: a rotating electrical machine 1, a turntable 2, a guide rail 3, an advancing mechanism 4, a control box 5, a microscopic probe 6,
  • the device casing 7 is a transparent cylindrical structure, the innermost end of the device casing 7 is fixed to the rotary electric machine 1;
  • the turntable 2 is rotatably connected with the device casing 7, the rotary electric machine 1 is connected to the turntable 2;
  • an advancement mechanism 4 is mounted on the guide rail 3, and both the control box 5 and the microscopic probe 6 are mounted on the advancement mechanism 4, and the microprobe 6 and the advancement mechanism 4 are connected to the control box 5 by wires.
  • the control box 5 is also connected to the computer 8 by wires; the lens center axis of the microprobe 6 is perpendicularly intersected with the central axis of the equipment casing 7; when the observation device is in operation, the rotary motor 1 drives the turntable 2 and the guide rail 3 to rotate together.
  • the microprobe 6 is rotated circumferentially within the borehole 6 by the rotary electric machine 1; after each revolution, the control box 5 controls the advancement mechanism 4 to advance along the guide rail 3, and the microprobe 6 follows the advancement mechanism 4 along the axis of the borehole 9. Go forward one line of sight distance So the cycle repeats the above steps until the completion of the entire observation borehole 9.
  • the microprobe 6 can rely on the rotation of the turntable 2 as the guide rail 3 achieves a circumferential rotation in the borehole 9; the microprobe 6 relies on the advancement mechanism 4 to effect axial advancement on the guide rail 3 with the control box 5.
  • the rotary electric machine 1 rotates through a gear set control dial 2, the gear set includes a first gear mounted on an output shaft of the rotary electric machine 1 and a second gear sleeved on the turntable 2, the diameter of the first gear being smaller than the second gear
  • the diameter of the rotary motor 1 is connected to the reduction gear of the turntable 2.
  • the rotary electric machine 1 adopts a stepping motor, which can precisely control the rotation angle, ensures that the microprobe 6 can be rotated one year along the equipment casing 7, and the rotary electric machine 1 is controlled by the computer 8 through the rotation module 52 of the control box 5.
  • a rotating shaft is mounted at the center of the turntable 2, and the rotating shaft is connected to an end surface of the device casing 7 through a bearing housing.
  • the guide rail 3 has one end on the inner side fixed to the turntable 2.
  • the guide rail 3 is mounted with an advancement mechanism 4 and a control box 5 to provide a track for the advancement of the microprobe 6.
  • the guide rail 3 can be rotated by the turntable 2, and the micro-probe 6 is rotated with the guide rail 3 by the turntable 2.
  • the microprobe 6 can be advanced along the guide rail 3 with the control box 5.
  • the guide rail 3 is provided with a track groove and a limit groove for providing a traveling track for the advancement mechanism, and the limit groove is used for limiting and guiding the advancement mechanism.
  • the limiting slot is disposed on two sides of the advancing mechanism, and is open to one side of the advancing mechanism.
  • a lateral connecting plate is connected to both sides of the advancing mechanism, and a roller is mounted on the connecting plate, and the connecting plate and the roller extend into the limiting slot and move along the limiting slot.
  • the advancing mechanism 4 includes a forward motor and a forward gear set to which the control box 5 is fixed, so that the advancing mechanism 4 can be advanced along the guide rail 3, thereby implementing the microprobe 6 mounted on the control box 5 along the guide rail 3 forward.
  • the forward motor is advanced by connecting a forward gear set including a gear 41 of the forward motor output, a connecting rod gear 42, a connecting rod 43, and two forward gears 44. After the forward motor is energized, the gear 41 connected to the output shaft is rotated to drive the connecting rod gear 42 meshed with the connecting rod gear 42 to be connected to the two forward gears 44 through the connecting rod 43. Therefore, the forward gear 44 is connected to the connecting rod.
  • the gear 42 is rotated downward to complete the advancement.
  • the forward motor adopts a stepping motor, which can precisely control the forward distance, ensure that the microprobe 6 advances along the guide rail 3 by a line of sight distance, and the advancing mechanism 4 is controlled by the computer 8 through the advancing module 53 of the control box 5.
  • a toothed track is disposed in the track groove, and the tooth track is meshed with the forward gear 44.
  • the control box 5 is fixed to the advancement mechanism 4, on which the microscopic probe 6 is mounted, which can be advanced with the advancement mechanism 4 on the guide rail 3.
  • the main control module 51, the rotation module 52, the forward module 53, the focus module 54, the image processing module 55, the power module 56, the wireless transmission module 57 wherein: the main control module 51, receives the instructions issued by the computer 8 And controlling each module; the rotation module 52 can control the rotary motor 1 to rotate, set the required rotation angle by the computer 8 to complete the rotation of the microprobe 6; the forward module 53 can control the advancement mechanism 4 to advance, through the computer 8 setting the required advance distance to complete the advancement of the microprobe 6; the focusing module 54 can accurately control the focusing of the microprobe 6 to obtain a good observation effect; the image processing module 55 collects the microprobe 6 The image information is processed for transmission; the power module 56, with a battery, supplies power to the entire control box 5 and the micro-probe 6; the wireless transmission module 57 is used for wireless connection and information transmission between the modules
  • the microprobe 6 is a focus-adjustable microscopy probe that requires a sufficiently large magnification and pixels.
  • the microscope with model Dino-Lite AM4113T has 8 LED lights with a working distance of 9mm and a field of view of 10mm*8mm.
  • the microprobe 6 is directly connected to the control box 5, and can be jointly controlled by multiple modules in the control box 5.
  • the microscopic probe 6 is mounted on one side of the control box 5, the lens of which is close to the inner wall of the equipment casing 7, and the path of one rotation is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the equipment casing 7.
  • the computer 8 realizes remote operation of each module in the control box 5 through the main control module 51, and transmits the image information collected by the micro probe 6 to the computer 8 through the wireless transmission module 57 for storage for later analysis. .
  • the equipment casing 7 is a transparent casing, and the material is made of high-hardness tempered glass, which not only ensures the safe observation of the microprobe 6, but also ensures the observation effect required by the microprobe 6.
  • the outer casing 7 has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the borehole, ensuring that the outer casing 7 can be placed just in the borehole 9.
  • the device housing 7 includes a cylindrical body and an end surface attached to one end of the body, and the end surface and the body are fixed by bolts.
  • the turntable 2 is connected to the device housing 7 via a slewing bearing; or the movable end of the rail 3 is connected to the device housing 7 via a bearing.
  • the invention simultaneously proposes a method, and the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 Drill holes in the target surrounding rock observation area, observe the hole forming effect after forming the holes, check whether there are any holes or holes, and if necessary, drill the holes in time.
  • Step 2 After the rotating electric machine 1, the turntable 2 and the guide rail 3 are fixed, the advancing mechanism 4 and the control box 5 are mounted on the guide rail 3, the microprobe 6 is connected with the control box 5, and finally, the guide rail 3 is mounted.
  • the lens center axis of the microprobe 6 is perpendicularly intersected with the central axis of the equipment casing 7, and the device is placed in the borehole 9 after the inspection is correct.
  • Step 3 The control box 5 is remotely operated by the computer 8.
  • the focal length adjustment of the microprobe 6 is performed by controlling the focusing module 54, and the observation is started after the optimal observation effect is achieved.
  • the rotation module 52 By controlling the rotation module 52, after the rotary electric machine 1 is started, the rotary disk 2 is rotated, so that the microprobe 6 rotates at a constant speed with the guide rail 3 according to the set rotation angle, and then the forward module 53 is controlled, and the advancement mechanism 4 is activated to make the microscopy.
  • the probe 3 advances along the guide rail 5 along the guide rail 3 by a line-of-sight distance according to the design advance distance, completes an observation period, and then cycles.
  • Step 4 During the observation period, the image information captured by the microprobe 6 is processed by the image processing module 55 and transmitted to the computer 8 via the wireless transmission module 57 for storage for later analysis.

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  • Immunology (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé de micro-observation in situ permettant une fracture microcosmique de roche environnante d'une masse rocheuse d'ingénierie. Lorsque l'appareil d'observation fonctionne, une sonde microscopique (6) est entraînée par un moteur rotatif (1) selon une rotation circonférentielle dans un trou foré (9) ; après chaque cercle de rotation, une boîte de commande (5) commande à un mécanisme d'avancée (4) de se déplacer vers l'avant le long d'un rail de guidage (3), la sonde microscopique (6) se déplace vers l'avant selon une distance de visée conjointement avec le mécanisme d'avancée (4) dans une direction axiale du trou foré (9), et les étapes sont répétées jusqu'à l'observation de l'ensemble du trou foré (9). La sonde microscopique (6) est utilisée pour remplacer une sonde d'observation classique, de telle sorte qu'une observation de fracture microcosmique dans la masse rocheuse in situ de la route soit réalisée, que des défauts d'observation de laboratoire soient efficacement évités, et que l'état de distribution réelle des fissures microcosmiques de roche environnante soit obtenu. Un procédé de commande combiné multi-module est adopté, de manière à pouvoir commander la sonde microscopique (6) pour réaliser une rotation et une propulsion automatiques, des conditions de fonctionnement manuel difficiles provoquées par une zone d'observation étroite de la sonde microscopique sont efficacement résolues, et la main d'œuvre et la complexité de fonctionnement sont efficacement réduites.
PCT/CN2018/085299 2017-12-29 2018-05-02 Appareil de micro-observation in situ et procédé d'ingénierie de microcosme de masse rocheuse WO2019128015A1 (fr)

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CN201711489079.9A CN108195759B (zh) 2017-12-29 2017-12-29 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法
CN201711489079.9 2017-12-29

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CN111913216A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-10 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种受重复采动影响巷道围岩稳定性力构协同监测方法

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CN108195759B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2021-03-02 中国矿业大学 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法
CN112302679A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2021-02-02 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种勘探平硐覆盖层洞段的可视化支撑结构及其施工方法
CN115494060B (zh) * 2022-10-17 2023-04-11 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) 一种岩溶裂隙通道勘测装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111913216A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-10 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种受重复采动影响巷道围岩稳定性力构协同监测方法
CN111913216B (zh) * 2020-08-03 2022-09-20 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种受重复采动影响巷道围岩稳定性力构协同监测方法

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