WO2019128015A1 - 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019128015A1
WO2019128015A1 PCT/CN2018/085299 CN2018085299W WO2019128015A1 WO 2019128015 A1 WO2019128015 A1 WO 2019128015A1 CN 2018085299 W CN2018085299 W CN 2018085299W WO 2019128015 A1 WO2019128015 A1 WO 2019128015A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
observation
control box
probe
computer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/085299
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陆银龙
王凯
王连国
孟星宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
Original Assignee
China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China University of Mining and Technology CUMT, China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB filed Critical China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
Priority to AU2018338596A priority Critical patent/AU2018338596B2/en
Publication of WO2019128015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128015A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an engineering rock mass fissure observation device and method, in particular to an in-situ microscopic observation device and method for a microscopic fissure of an engineering rock mass, belonging to the field of engineering rock mass control.
  • in-situ fissure observation is widely used as an important technical means. It can obtain the development of fractures of engineering rock mass, especially the development of meso-fractures of engineering rock mass. It provides a basis for obtaining initial damage of rock mass and meso-fracture evolution after loading, providing real and reliable technical support for surrounding rock stability control and disaster prevention, and has very strong techniques for grouting reinforcement and water blocking at the construction site. Important role.
  • the downhole in-situ fracture observation device mainly uses the traditional borehole peeping device, but the peeping probe used in the traditional borehole peeping device can only capture the distribution of macroscopic cracks larger than 1mm in size, and the size of 0.01mm cannot be observed.
  • the distribution of meso-fractures such as the observation device shown in Chinese patent CN106437680A, can realize the in-situ observation of cracks, but the device used can only capture the macroscopic cracks that can be observed by the naked eye, but can not capture smaller sizes. Mesoscopic fissures, so conventional in-situ observation devices are unable to obtain the distribution of meso-fractures in the surrounding rock.
  • the existing meso-fracture observations are mostly laboratory indoor observations, such as the device and technology shown in Chinese patent CN103163134A.
  • the samples are taken back to the laboratory for observation, so that the microscopic fractures of the rock can be obtained. Distribution, but this method caused the re-destruction of the rock, and the true distribution of the in-situ fissures of the surrounding rock could not be obtained.
  • the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for in-situ observation of meso-fractures of surrounding rock, which is reasonable in design and convenient to use, and can accurately obtain meso-fractures in the in-situ rock mass, and can Realize automatic observation.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a device capable of performing in-situ observation of the surrounding cracks of the surrounding rock, comprising: a rotating electric machine, a turntable, a guide rail, a forward mechanism, a control box, a micro probe, a device casing, a computer;
  • the outer casing has a transparent cylindrical structure, and the innermost end of the device casing is fixed with a rotating electric motor; the rotating plate is rotatably connected with the device casing, and the rotating electric machine is connected to the rotating carousel; one end of the guiding rail is fixed on the turntable, and the advancing mechanism, the control box and the display are mounted on the guide rail.
  • the micro probes are all mounted on the advancement mechanism, and the micro probe and the advancement mechanism are connected to the control box by wires, and the control box is wirelessly connected with the computer; the lens center axis of the micro probe is perpendicular to the central axis of the equipment casing
  • the microprobe rotates in the circumferential direction of the borehole driven by the rotary motor; after each rotation, the control box controls the advancement mechanism to advance along the guide rail, and the microprobe follows the advancement mechanism along the axial direction of the borehole. Advance one line of sight distance, and repeat the above steps until the entire borehole is observed.
  • the rotating electric machine rotates through the gear set control dial.
  • the gear set includes a first gear mounted on the output shaft of the rotating electric machine and a second gear sleeved on the rotating disc.
  • the first gear meshes with the second gear, and the rotating electric machine rotates with the rotating disc.
  • the rotary motor adopts a stepping motor, which can precisely control the rotation angle to ensure that the microprobe can rotate one year along the equipment casing.
  • the center of the turntable is equipped with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the end surface of the device casing through the bearing housing.
  • the guide rail is provided with a track groove and a limit groove for providing a traveling track for the advancement mechanism, and the limit groove is used for limiting and guiding the advancement mechanism.
  • the advancing mechanism includes a forward motor and a forward gear set; the forward gear set includes a gear of the forward motor output end, a connecting rod gear, a connecting rod and two forward gears; the connecting rod gear is connected to the two forward gears through the connecting rod, The connecting rod gear meshes with the output gear of the motor.
  • the forward motor uses a stepper motor to precisely control the forward distance and ensure that the microprobe advances a line of sight along the guide rail.
  • the control box is composed of a main control module, a rotation module, a forward module, a focusing module, an image processing module, a power module, and a wireless transmission module, wherein: the main control module receives the commands issued by the computer and performs each module Control; Rotate the module, control the rotating motor to rotate, set the required rotation angle through the computer to complete the rotation of the microprobe; advance module controls the advancement mechanism to advance, set the required advance distance through the computer, complete the advancement of the microprobe
  • the focusing module accurately controls the focusing of the microprobe to obtain good observation results; the image processing module processes the image information collected by the microprobe for transmission; the power module, with the battery, for the entire control
  • the box and the microscopic probe provide power; the wireless transmission module is used for wireless connection of each module and the computer and information transmission, so that the computer wirelessly operates the control box and transmits the image information collected by the microscopic probe to the computer.
  • the microscopic probe is mounted on one side of the control box, the lens of which is close to the inner wall of the equipment casing, and the path of one rotation is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the equipment casing.
  • the microprobe uses a focusable microscopy probe that requires a sufficiently large magnification and pixels.
  • the microscope with model Dino-Lite AM4113T has 8 LED lights with a working distance of 9mm and a field of view of 10mm*8mm. .
  • the equipment casing is made of high-hardness tempered glass, which not only ensures the safe observation of the microscopic probe, but also ensures the observation effect required by the microscopic probe.
  • the diameter of the equipment casing is slightly smaller than the diameter of the borehole, and the length is greater than the depth of the borehole, ensuring that the axis of the equipment casing substantially coincides with the axis of the borehole.
  • the computer realizes remote operation of each module in the control box through the main control module, and transmits the image information collected by the microscopic probe to the computer for storage through the wireless transmission module for later analysis.
  • the invention simultaneously proposes a method, and the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 Drill holes in the target surrounding rock observation area, observe the hole forming effect after forming the holes, check whether there are any holes or holes, and if necessary, drill holes in time;
  • Step 2 After the rotating motor, the turntable and the guide rail are fixed, the forward mechanism and the control box are mounted on the guide rail, and the microscopic probe is connected with the control box, and finally the lens center axis of the microprobe mounted on the guide rail is ensured.
  • the central axis of the equipment casing 7 is perpendicularly intersected, and after the inspection is correct, the equipment is placed in the borehole.
  • Step 3 Remotely operate the control box through the computer. Firstly, after controlling the power module to turn on the power, adjust the focal length of the microprobe by controlling the focusing module, and start observing after achieving the best observation effect; by controlling the rotating module, rotating the motor After starting, the rotating disc rotates, so that the micro-probe rotates at a constant speed with the guide rail according to the set rotation angle; then the forward module is controlled, and the advancement mechanism is activated to make the micro-probe follow the control box along the guide rail according to the design advancement distance by one line of sight. Distance, complete an observation cycle, and then cycle.
  • Step 4 During the observation period, the image information captured by the microscopic probe is processed by the image processing module and transmitted to the computer hard disk for storage through the wireless transmission module, so as to perform further analysis later.
  • the present invention realizes meso-fracture observation in the in-situ rock mass of the roadway by using the micro-probe with high magnification effect instead of the traditional observation probe, effectively avoiding the defects of the laboratory observation, and obtaining the surrounding rock.
  • the actual distribution of meso-fractures has great guiding significance for the study of grouting support in roadway.
  • the invention realizes the automatic control of observation by adopting the method of multi-module joint control, can control the micro-probe to realize automatic rotation and advancement, and effectively solves the severe manual operation condition caused by the narrow observation area of the micro-probe, and is effective The savings in manpower and complexity of use.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of the gear mechanism of the forward mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the operation of the control box of the present invention.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a device capable of performing in situ observation of the meso-fracture of the surrounding rock, comprising: a rotating electrical machine 1, a turntable 2, a guide rail 3, an advancing mechanism 4, a control box 5, a microscopic probe 6,
  • the device casing 7 is a transparent cylindrical structure, the innermost end of the device casing 7 is fixed to the rotary electric machine 1;
  • the turntable 2 is rotatably connected with the device casing 7, the rotary electric machine 1 is connected to the turntable 2;
  • an advancement mechanism 4 is mounted on the guide rail 3, and both the control box 5 and the microscopic probe 6 are mounted on the advancement mechanism 4, and the microprobe 6 and the advancement mechanism 4 are connected to the control box 5 by wires.
  • the control box 5 is also connected to the computer 8 by wires; the lens center axis of the microprobe 6 is perpendicularly intersected with the central axis of the equipment casing 7; when the observation device is in operation, the rotary motor 1 drives the turntable 2 and the guide rail 3 to rotate together.
  • the microprobe 6 is rotated circumferentially within the borehole 6 by the rotary electric machine 1; after each revolution, the control box 5 controls the advancement mechanism 4 to advance along the guide rail 3, and the microprobe 6 follows the advancement mechanism 4 along the axis of the borehole 9. Go forward one line of sight distance So the cycle repeats the above steps until the completion of the entire observation borehole 9.
  • the microprobe 6 can rely on the rotation of the turntable 2 as the guide rail 3 achieves a circumferential rotation in the borehole 9; the microprobe 6 relies on the advancement mechanism 4 to effect axial advancement on the guide rail 3 with the control box 5.
  • the rotary electric machine 1 rotates through a gear set control dial 2, the gear set includes a first gear mounted on an output shaft of the rotary electric machine 1 and a second gear sleeved on the turntable 2, the diameter of the first gear being smaller than the second gear
  • the diameter of the rotary motor 1 is connected to the reduction gear of the turntable 2.
  • the rotary electric machine 1 adopts a stepping motor, which can precisely control the rotation angle, ensures that the microprobe 6 can be rotated one year along the equipment casing 7, and the rotary electric machine 1 is controlled by the computer 8 through the rotation module 52 of the control box 5.
  • a rotating shaft is mounted at the center of the turntable 2, and the rotating shaft is connected to an end surface of the device casing 7 through a bearing housing.
  • the guide rail 3 has one end on the inner side fixed to the turntable 2.
  • the guide rail 3 is mounted with an advancement mechanism 4 and a control box 5 to provide a track for the advancement of the microprobe 6.
  • the guide rail 3 can be rotated by the turntable 2, and the micro-probe 6 is rotated with the guide rail 3 by the turntable 2.
  • the microprobe 6 can be advanced along the guide rail 3 with the control box 5.
  • the guide rail 3 is provided with a track groove and a limit groove for providing a traveling track for the advancement mechanism, and the limit groove is used for limiting and guiding the advancement mechanism.
  • the limiting slot is disposed on two sides of the advancing mechanism, and is open to one side of the advancing mechanism.
  • a lateral connecting plate is connected to both sides of the advancing mechanism, and a roller is mounted on the connecting plate, and the connecting plate and the roller extend into the limiting slot and move along the limiting slot.
  • the advancing mechanism 4 includes a forward motor and a forward gear set to which the control box 5 is fixed, so that the advancing mechanism 4 can be advanced along the guide rail 3, thereby implementing the microprobe 6 mounted on the control box 5 along the guide rail 3 forward.
  • the forward motor is advanced by connecting a forward gear set including a gear 41 of the forward motor output, a connecting rod gear 42, a connecting rod 43, and two forward gears 44. After the forward motor is energized, the gear 41 connected to the output shaft is rotated to drive the connecting rod gear 42 meshed with the connecting rod gear 42 to be connected to the two forward gears 44 through the connecting rod 43. Therefore, the forward gear 44 is connected to the connecting rod.
  • the gear 42 is rotated downward to complete the advancement.
  • the forward motor adopts a stepping motor, which can precisely control the forward distance, ensure that the microprobe 6 advances along the guide rail 3 by a line of sight distance, and the advancing mechanism 4 is controlled by the computer 8 through the advancing module 53 of the control box 5.
  • a toothed track is disposed in the track groove, and the tooth track is meshed with the forward gear 44.
  • the control box 5 is fixed to the advancement mechanism 4, on which the microscopic probe 6 is mounted, which can be advanced with the advancement mechanism 4 on the guide rail 3.
  • the main control module 51, the rotation module 52, the forward module 53, the focus module 54, the image processing module 55, the power module 56, the wireless transmission module 57 wherein: the main control module 51, receives the instructions issued by the computer 8 And controlling each module; the rotation module 52 can control the rotary motor 1 to rotate, set the required rotation angle by the computer 8 to complete the rotation of the microprobe 6; the forward module 53 can control the advancement mechanism 4 to advance, through the computer 8 setting the required advance distance to complete the advancement of the microprobe 6; the focusing module 54 can accurately control the focusing of the microprobe 6 to obtain a good observation effect; the image processing module 55 collects the microprobe 6 The image information is processed for transmission; the power module 56, with a battery, supplies power to the entire control box 5 and the micro-probe 6; the wireless transmission module 57 is used for wireless connection and information transmission between the modules
  • the microprobe 6 is a focus-adjustable microscopy probe that requires a sufficiently large magnification and pixels.
  • the microscope with model Dino-Lite AM4113T has 8 LED lights with a working distance of 9mm and a field of view of 10mm*8mm.
  • the microprobe 6 is directly connected to the control box 5, and can be jointly controlled by multiple modules in the control box 5.
  • the microscopic probe 6 is mounted on one side of the control box 5, the lens of which is close to the inner wall of the equipment casing 7, and the path of one rotation is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the equipment casing 7.
  • the computer 8 realizes remote operation of each module in the control box 5 through the main control module 51, and transmits the image information collected by the micro probe 6 to the computer 8 through the wireless transmission module 57 for storage for later analysis. .
  • the equipment casing 7 is a transparent casing, and the material is made of high-hardness tempered glass, which not only ensures the safe observation of the microprobe 6, but also ensures the observation effect required by the microprobe 6.
  • the outer casing 7 has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the borehole, ensuring that the outer casing 7 can be placed just in the borehole 9.
  • the device housing 7 includes a cylindrical body and an end surface attached to one end of the body, and the end surface and the body are fixed by bolts.
  • the turntable 2 is connected to the device housing 7 via a slewing bearing; or the movable end of the rail 3 is connected to the device housing 7 via a bearing.
  • the invention simultaneously proposes a method, and the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 Drill holes in the target surrounding rock observation area, observe the hole forming effect after forming the holes, check whether there are any holes or holes, and if necessary, drill the holes in time.
  • Step 2 After the rotating electric machine 1, the turntable 2 and the guide rail 3 are fixed, the advancing mechanism 4 and the control box 5 are mounted on the guide rail 3, the microprobe 6 is connected with the control box 5, and finally, the guide rail 3 is mounted.
  • the lens center axis of the microprobe 6 is perpendicularly intersected with the central axis of the equipment casing 7, and the device is placed in the borehole 9 after the inspection is correct.
  • Step 3 The control box 5 is remotely operated by the computer 8.
  • the focal length adjustment of the microprobe 6 is performed by controlling the focusing module 54, and the observation is started after the optimal observation effect is achieved.
  • the rotation module 52 By controlling the rotation module 52, after the rotary electric machine 1 is started, the rotary disk 2 is rotated, so that the microprobe 6 rotates at a constant speed with the guide rail 3 according to the set rotation angle, and then the forward module 53 is controlled, and the advancement mechanism 4 is activated to make the microscopy.
  • the probe 3 advances along the guide rail 5 along the guide rail 3 by a line-of-sight distance according to the design advance distance, completes an observation period, and then cycles.
  • Step 4 During the observation period, the image information captured by the microprobe 6 is processed by the image processing module 55 and transmitted to the computer 8 via the wireless transmission module 57 for storage for later analysis.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于工程岩体围岩细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法，当观测装置工作时，显微探头(6)在旋转电机(1)的带动下在钻孔(9)内周向旋转；每转动一周后，控制箱(5)控制前进机构(4)沿导轨(3)前进，显微探头(6)随前进机构(4)沿钻孔(9)的轴向前进一个视距距离，如此重复循环以上步骤，直到将整个钻孔(9)观测完毕。使用显微探头(6)代替传统的观测探头，实现了在巷道原位岩体中的细观裂隙观测，有效的避免了实验室观测的缺陷，获得了围岩细观裂隙的真实分布情况。采用多模块联合控制的方法，可以控制显微探头(6)实现自动旋转和推进，有效的解决了由于显微探头狭小观测区域造成的苛刻人工操作条件，有效的节省了人力和使用的复杂性。

Description

一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种工程岩体裂隙观测装置及方法，具体涉及一种用于工程岩体围岩细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法，属于工程岩体控制领域。
背景技术
在井下煤矿开采、隧道建设等地下工程中，原位裂隙观测作为一种重要技术手段被广泛使用，它可以通过获取工程岩体的裂隙发育情况，特别是获取工程岩体细观裂隙的发育情况，对获得岩体初始损伤以及受载后的细观裂隙演化研究提供基础，为围岩稳定性控制以及灾害防治等提供真实可靠的技术支持，对施工现场注浆加固、堵水等技术有着十分重要的作用。
但是围岩裂隙的原位观测存在有以下问题：
1、井下原位裂隙观测装置主要采用传统的钻孔窥视装置，但传统的钻孔窥视装置所使用的窥视探头只能拍摄到尺寸大于1mm的宏观裂隙的分布，不能观测到尺寸为0.01mm的细观裂隙的分布，如中国专利CN106437680A所示观测装置，虽能实现了裂隙的原位观测，但是所采用的装置只能捕捉到肉眼所能观测到的宏观裂隙，而捕捉不到尺寸更小的细观裂隙，所以常规的原位观测装置无法获取井下围岩细观裂隙的分布情况。
2、现有的细观裂隙观测多为现场取样后进行实验室室内观测，如中国专利CN103163134A所示装置及技术，将试样带回实验室后进行观测，这样虽然能得到岩石的细观裂隙分布，但这种方法造成了岩石的再破坏，不能得到围岩原位裂隙的真实分布。
3、获取细观裂隙，需用使用高放大倍数的显微探头，但是显微探头由于其高放大倍数的特点所以只能拥有很小的观测视域。而原有的裂隙观测装置多采用手动推送探头进行观测，显然这对显微探头是不适用的。
所以我们需要一种能够用于围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置及方法，不仅能获取围岩细观裂隙，并且能够让装置自动运行，达到自动观测的效果。
发明内容
针对传统技术中的不足，本发明提出一种用于围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置及方法，其设计合理且使用方便，能够准确的获得原位岩体中的细观裂隙，并能够实现自动观测。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，它包括：旋转电机、转盘、导轨、前进机构、控制箱、显微探头、装置外壳、计算机；装置外壳为透 明圆筒状结构，装置外壳的最里端固定旋转电机；转盘与装置外壳转动连接，旋转电机传动连接转盘；导轨一端固定在转盘上，在导轨上安装有前进机构，控制箱和显微探头均安装于前进机构上，且显微探头和前进机构均与控制箱通过导线连接，所述控制箱与计算机无线连接；所述显微探头的镜头中轴线与装备外壳的中轴线垂直相交；当观测装置工作时，显微探头在旋转电机的带动下在钻孔内周向旋转；每转动一周后，控制箱控制前进机构沿导轨前进，显微探头随前进机构沿钻孔的轴向前进一个视距距离，如此重复循环上述步骤，直到将整个钻孔观测完毕。
所述旋转电机通过齿轮组控制转盘旋转，齿轮组包括安装在旋转电机输出轴上的第一齿轮与套接在转盘上的第二齿轮，第一齿轮与第二齿轮啮合，旋转电机与转盘减速传动。旋转电机采用步进电机，可精确控制旋转角度，保证显微探头能够沿装备外壳旋转一周，所述转盘的中心安装有转轴，转轴通过轴承座与装置外壳的端面连接。
所述导轨的一端与转盘固定，另一端接近装置外壳的端口。所述导轨上设有轨道槽以及限位槽，所述轨道槽用于为前进机构提供行走轨道，所述限位槽用于对前进机构进行限位和导向。
所述前进机构，包括前进电机和前进齿轮组；前进齿轮组包括前进电机输出端的齿轮、连接杆齿轮、连接杆以及两个前进齿轮；所述连接杆齿轮通过连接杆与两个前进齿轮相连，连接杆齿轮与电机的输出齿轮啮合。前进电机采用步进电机，可精确控制前进距离，保证显微探头沿着导轨前进一个视距距离。
所述控制箱，由主控模块、旋转模块、前进模块、调焦模块、图像处理模块、电源模块、无线传输模块组成，其中：主控模块，接收计算机下达的各项指令并对各模块进行控制；旋转模块，控制旋转电机进行旋转，通过计算机设定所需旋转角度，完成显微探头的旋转；前进模块控制前进机构进行前进，通过计算机设定所需前进距离，完成显微探头的前进；调焦模块，准确控制显微探头调焦，以获得良好的观测效果；图像处理模块，将显微探头收集到的图像信息进行处理，以供传输；电源模块，带有蓄电池，为整个控制箱以及显微探头提供电力；无线传输模块，用于各模块与计算机的无线连接以及信息传输，使计算机无线操作控制箱，并将显微探头收集到的图像信息传输到到计算机上。
所述显微探头安装于控制箱的一侧，其镜头靠近装备外壳的内壁，转动一周的路径略小于装备外壳的内径。所述显微探头，采用可调焦显微探头，要求具有足够大的放大倍数以及像素。采用型号为Dino-Lite AM4113T的显微镜，内置8个LED灯，工作距离为9mm，视场为10mm*8mm。。
所述装备外壳，采用高硬度钢化玻璃，不仅可以保证显微探头的安全观测，又能保证显微探头所需的观测效果。装备外壳直径略小于钻孔直径，长度大于钻孔深度，保证装备外壳的轴线与钻孔的轴线基本重合。
所述计算机，通过主控模块实现对控制箱内各个模块的远程操作，并将显微探头收集到的图像信息通过无线传输模块传输到计算机进行存储，用于后期进一步分析。
本发明同时提出方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一：在目标围岩观测区域施工打钻孔，成孔后观察成孔效果，检查有无塌孔、堵孔情况，如有相关情况应及时进行钻孔清理；
步骤二：将旋转电机、转盘以及导轨固定好之后，将前进机构以及控制箱安装在导轨上，将显微探头与控制箱进行连接，最后保证安装在导轨上的显微探头的镜头中轴线与装备外壳7的中轴线垂直相交，检查无误后，将设备放入钻孔。
步骤三：通过计算机对控制箱进行远程操作，首先控制电源模块打开电源后，通过控制调焦模块对显微探头进行焦距调节，在达到最佳观测效果后开始观测；通过控制旋转模块，旋转电机启动后带动转盘发生旋转，使得显微探头按照设定的旋转角度随着导轨匀速旋转一周；然后控制前进模块，前进机构启动后使得显微探头随控制箱沿导轨按照设计前进距离前进一个视距距离，完成一个观测周期，然后循环进行。
步骤四：在观测期间，显微探头所拍摄到的图像信息，经图像处理模块处理后，经由无线传输模块传输至计算机硬盘进行存储，以便后期进行近一步分析。
本发明的有点和有益效果是：
1、本发明通过使用具有高倍数放大效果的显微探头代替传统的观测探头，实现了在巷道原位岩体中的细观裂隙观测，有效的避免了实验室观测的缺陷，获得了围岩细观裂隙的真实分布情况，对研究巷道注浆支护等都有很大的指导意义。
2、本发明通过采用多模块联合控制的方法，实现了观测的自动化控制，可以控制显微探头实现自动旋转和推进，有效的解决了由于显微探头狭小观测区域造成的苛刻人工操作条件，有效的节省了人力和使用的复杂性。
附图说明
图1是本发明装备示意图。
图2是本发明A-A剖视图。
图3是本发明B-B剖视图。
图4是本发明前进机构齿轮组工作示意图。
图5是本发明控制箱工作示意图。
图中：1、旋转电机；2、转盘；3、导轨；4、前进机构；5、控制箱；6、显微探头；7、装备外壳；8、计算机；9、钻孔；41、输出轴齿轮；42、连接杆齿轮；43、连接杆；44、前进齿轮；51、主控模块；52、旋转模块；53、前进模块；54、调焦模块；55、图像处理模块；56、电源模块；57、无线传输模块。
具体实施方式
结合附图，对本发明进行进一步的描述：
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，它包括：旋转电机1、转盘2、导轨3、前进机构4、控制箱5、显微探头6、装置外壳7、计算机8；装置外壳7为透明圆筒状结构，装置外壳7的最里端固定旋转电机1；转盘2与装置外壳7转动连接，旋转电机1传动连接转盘2；导轨3一端固定在转盘2上，在导轨3上安装有前进机构4，控制箱5和显微探头6均安装于前进机构4上，且显微探头6和前进机构4均与控制箱5通过导线连接，所述控制箱5还通过导线连接计算机8；所述显微探头6的镜头中轴线与装备外壳7的中轴线垂直相交；当观测装置工作时，旋转电机1带动转盘2和导轨3一同旋转，显微探头6在旋转电机1的带动下在钻孔6内周向旋转；每转动一周后，控制箱5控制前进机构4沿导轨3前进，显微探头6随前进机构4沿钻孔9的轴向前进一个视距距离，如此重复循环上述步骤，直到将整个钻孔9观测完毕。
显微探头6能够依靠转盘2的转动，随着导轨3在钻孔9中实现周向旋转；显微探头6依靠前进机构4随着控制箱5在导轨3上实现轴向前进。
所述旋转电机1通过齿轮组控制转盘2旋转，齿轮组包括安装在旋转电机1输出轴上的第一齿轮与套接在转盘2上的第二齿轮，第一齿轮的直径小于第二齿轮的直径，旋转电机1与转盘2减速传动连接。旋转电机1通电工作后带动连接在输出轴上的第一齿轮转动，进而带动与第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮发生转动，第二齿轮转动从而使得与其连接的转盘2转动，从而实现固定在转盘2上的导轨3转动。旋转电机1采用步进电机，可精确控制旋转角度，保证显微探头6可沿装备外壳7旋转一周，旋转电机1通过控制箱5的旋转模块52由计算机8进行控制。
所述转盘2的中心安装有转轴，转轴通过轴承座与装置外壳7的端面连接。
所述导轨3，里侧一端固定在转盘2上，导轨3上安装有前进机构4以及控制箱5，为显微探头6的前进提供轨道。导轨3可依靠转盘2转动，在转盘2的带动下，使得显微探头6随着导轨3旋转。通过前进机构4，显微探头6可随着控制箱5沿导轨3实现前进。
所述导轨3上设有轨道槽以及限位槽，所述轨道槽用于为前进机构提供行走轨道，所述限位槽用于对前进机构进行限位和导向。
所述限位槽设于前进机构的两侧，其对应前进机构的一侧开口。
所述前进机构的两侧连接有横向连接板，连接板上安装有滚轮，连接板同滚轮伸入到限位槽内，沿限位槽移动。
所述前进机构4，包括前进电机和前进齿轮组，其上固定有控制箱5，使得前进机构4可沿着导轨3完成前进，进而实现安装在控制箱5上的显微探头6沿着导轨3前进。前进电机通过连接前进齿轮组实现前进，前进齿轮组包括前进电机输出端的齿轮41、连接杆齿轮42、连接杆43以及两个前进齿轮44。前进电机通电工作后带动连接在输出轴上的齿轮41转动，进而带动与其啮合的连接杆齿轮42转动，连接杆齿轮42通过连接杆43与两个前进齿轮44相连，故前进齿轮44在连接杆齿轮42的带动下转动，完成前进。前进电机采用步进电机，可精确控制前进距离，保证显微探头6沿着导轨3前进一个视距距离，前进机构4通过控制箱5的前进模块53由计算机8进行控制。所述轨道槽内设置齿状轨道，齿状轨道与前进齿轮44啮合。
所述控制箱5，固定在前进机构4上，其上安装有显微探头6，可随前进机构4在导轨3上实现前进。主要由主控模块51、旋转模块52、前进模块53、调焦模块54、图像处理模块55、电源模块56、无线传输模块57组成，其中：主控模块51，接收计算机8下达的各项指令并对各模块进行控制；旋转模块52，可以控制旋转电机1进行旋转，通过计算机8设定所需旋转角度，完成显微探头6的旋转；前进模块53可以控制前进机构4进行前进，通过计算机8设定所需前进距离，完成显微探头6的前进；调焦模块54，能够准确控制显微探头6调焦，以获得良好的观测效果；图像处理模块55，将显微探头6收集到的图像信息进行处理，以供传输；电源模块56，带有蓄电池，为整个控制箱5以及显微探头6提供电力；无线传输模块57，用于各模块与计算机8的无线连接以及信息传输，可使计算机8无线操作控制箱5，并将显微探头6收集到的图像信息传输到到计算机8上。
所述显微探头6，采用可调焦显微探头，要求具有足够大的放大倍数以及像素。采用型号为Dino-Lite AM4113T的显微镜，内置8个LED灯，工作距离为9mm，视场为10mm*8mm。显微探头6与控制箱5直接相连，可由控制箱5内多模块联合控制。所述显微探头6安装于控制箱5的一侧，其镜头靠近装备外壳7的内壁，转动一周的路径略小于装备外壳7的内径。
所述计算机8，通过主控模块51实现对控制箱5内各个模块的远程操作，并将显微 探头6收集到的图像信息通过无线传输模块57传输到计算机8进行存储，用于后期进一步分析。
所述装备外壳7，为透明外壳，材料采用高硬度钢化玻璃，不仅可以保证显微探头6的安全观测，又能保证显微探头6所需的观测效果。装备外壳7直径略小于钻孔直径，保证装备外壳7可以正好放入钻孔9之中即可。所述装置外壳7包括圆筒状主体和安装于主体一端的端面，端面与主体通过螺栓固定。将装置进行组装时，先将旋转电机1和转盘2与端面连接，再将导轨3与转盘2连接，然后安装前进机构4、控制箱5、显微探头6；安装完毕，将上述设备从主体的一端伸入至装备外壳7中，再将端面与主体连接固定。
为了提高装置的稳定性转盘2通过回转支承与装置外壳7连接；或者将轨道3的活动端通过轴承与装置外壳7连接。
本发明同时提出方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一：在目标围岩观测区域施工打钻孔，成孔后观察成孔效果，检查有无塌孔、堵孔情况，如有相关情况应及时进行钻孔清理。
步骤二：将旋转电机1、转盘2以及导轨3固定好之后，将前进机构4以及控制箱5安装在导轨3上，将显微探头6与控制箱5进行连接，最后保证安装在导轨3上的显微探头6的镜头中轴线与装备外壳7的中轴线垂直相交，检查无误后，将设备放入钻孔9。
步骤三：通过计算机8对控制箱5进行远程操作，首先控制电源模块56打开电源后，通过控制调焦模块54对显微探头6进行焦距调节，在达到最佳观测效果后开始观测。通过控制旋转模块52，旋转电机1启动后带动转盘2发生旋转，使得显微探头6按照设定的旋转角度随着导轨3匀速旋转一周，然后控制前进模块53，前进机构4启动后使得显微探头3随控制箱5沿导轨3按照设计前进距离前进一个视距距离，完成一个观测周期，然后循环进行。
步骤四：在观测期间，显微探头6所拍摄到的图像信息，经图像处理模块55处理后，经由无线传输模块57传输至计算机8进行存储，以便后期进行近一步分析。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，包括旋转电机、转盘、导轨、前进机构、控制箱、显微探头、装置外壳、计算机；装置外壳为透明圆筒状结构，装置外壳的最里端固定旋转电机；转盘与装置外壳转动连接，旋转电机传动连接转盘；导轨一端固定在转盘上，在导轨上安装有前进机构，控制箱和显微探头均安装于前进机构上，且显微探头和前进机构均与控制箱通过导线连接，所述控制箱与计算机无线连接；所述显微探头的镜头中轴线与装备外壳的中轴线垂直相交；当观测装置工作时，显微探头在旋转电机的带动下在钻孔内周向旋转；每转动一周后，显微探头随前进机构沿钻孔的轴向前进一个视距距离，完成一个观测周期，然后循环进行，直至将整个钻孔观测完毕。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述旋转电机通过齿轮组控制转盘旋转，齿轮组包括安装在旋转电机输出轴上的第一齿轮与套接在转盘上的第二齿轮，第一齿轮与第二齿轮啮合，旋转电机与转盘减速传动；旋转电机采用步进电机。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述转盘的中心安装有转轴，转轴通过轴承座与装置外壳的端面连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述导轨的一端与转盘固定，另一端接近装置外壳的端口；导轨上设有轨道槽以及限位槽，所述轨道槽用于为前进机构提供行走轨道，所述限位槽用于对前进机构进行限位和导向。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述前进机构，包括前进电机和前进齿轮组；前进齿轮组包括前进电机输出端的齿轮、连接杆齿轮、连接杆以及两个前进齿轮；所述连接杆齿轮通过连接杆与两个前进齿轮相连，连接杆齿轮与电机的输出齿轮啮合；所述前进电机采用步进电机。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述控制箱，由主控模块、旋转模块、前进模块、调焦模块、图像处理模块、电源模块、无线传输模块组成，其中：主控模块，接收计算机下达的各项指令并对各模块进行控制；旋转模块，控制旋转电机进行旋转，通过计算机设定所需旋转角度，完成显微探头的旋转；前进模块控制前进机构进行前进，通过计算机设定所需前进距离，完成显微探头的前进；调焦模块，准确控制显微探头调焦，以获得良好的观测效果；图像处理模块，将显微探头收集到的图像信息进行处理，以供传输；电源模块，带有蓄电池，为整个控制箱以及显微探头提供电力；无线传输模块，用于各模块与计算机的无线连接以及信息传输，使计算机无线操作控制箱，并将显微探头收集到的图像信息传输到到计算机上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述显微探头安装于控制箱5的一侧，其镜头靠近装备外壳的内壁，转动一周的路径略小于装备外壳的内径。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述装备外壳，采用高硬度钢化玻璃；装备外壳直径略小于钻孔直径，长度大于钻孔深度，保证装备外壳的轴线与钻孔的轴线基本重合。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置，其特征在于，所述计算机，通过主控模块实现对控制箱内各个模块的远程操作，并将显微探头收集到的图像信息通过无线传输模块传输到计算机进行存储，用于后期进一步分析。
  10. 利用权利要求1～9任意一项权利要求所述的一种能够进行围岩细观裂隙原位观测的装置的观测方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
    步骤一：在目标围岩观测区域施工打钻孔，成孔后观察成孔效果，检查有无塌孔、堵孔情况，如有相关情况应及时进行钻孔清理；
    步骤二：将旋转电机、转盘以及导轨固定好之后，将前进机构以及控制箱安装在导轨上，将显微探头与控制箱进行连接，最后保证安装在导轨上的显微探头的镜头中轴线与装备外壳7的中轴线垂直相交，检查无误后，将设备放入钻孔；
    步骤三：通过计算机对控制箱进行远程操作，首先控制电源模块打开电源后，通过控制调焦模块对显微探头进行焦距调节，在达到最佳观测效果后开始观测；通过控制旋转模块，旋转电机启动后带动转盘发生旋转，使得显微探头按照设定的旋转角度随着导轨匀速旋转一周；然后控制前进模块，前进机构启动后使得显微探头随控制箱沿导轨按照设计前进距离前进一个视距距离，完成一个观测周期，然后循环进行；
    步骤四：在观测期间，显微探头所拍摄到的图像信息，经图像处理模块处理后，经由无线传输模块传输至计算机硬盘进行存储，以便后期进行近一步分析。
PCT/CN2018/085299 2017-12-29 2018-05-02 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法 Ceased WO2019128015A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2018338596A AU2018338596B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2018-05-02 In-situ microscopic observation device and method for micro-fractures of engineering rock mass

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711489079.9A CN108195759B (zh) 2017-12-29 2017-12-29 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法
CN201711489079.9 2017-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019128015A1 true WO2019128015A1 (zh) 2019-07-04

Family

ID=62587378

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/085299 Ceased WO2019128015A1 (zh) 2017-12-29 2018-05-02 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108195759B (zh)
AU (1) AU2018338596B2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019128015A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111913216A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-10 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种受重复采动影响巷道围岩稳定性力构协同监测方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108195759B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2021-03-02 中国矿业大学 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法
CN112302679A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2021-02-02 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种勘探平硐覆盖层洞段的可视化支撑结构及其施工方法
CN114542087B (zh) * 2022-02-15 2025-08-01 北京绿佳杰园林工程有限公司 园林隧道施工结构及隧道施工方法
CN115494060B (zh) * 2022-10-17 2023-04-11 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) 一种岩溶裂隙通道勘测装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4647198A (en) * 1984-01-30 1987-03-03 Mobil Oil Corporation Optical reflectance standard for geological exploration
CN103163134A (zh) * 2013-02-16 2013-06-19 肖建新 煤储层裂隙观测亚微观分析技术
CN105261286A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-20 中国矿业大学 一种智能化钻孔裂隙再现摄像投影教学模型及方法
CN205591910U (zh) * 2016-04-25 2016-09-21 长沙理工大学 一种溶洞探测系统
CN106014382A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-10-12 四川大学 钻孔内裂隙空间产状的成像系统
CN106437680A (zh) * 2016-12-05 2017-02-22 山东科技大学 一种钻孔电视成像仪配套的裂隙测量装置及使用方法
CN108195759A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 中国矿业大学 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0763704A (ja) * 1993-08-31 1995-03-10 Hitachi Ltd 原子炉圧力容器内の液体浸透探傷検査装置
JP2000194040A (ja) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-14 Shimizu Corp 調査用ｃｃｄカメラセット
CN103424086B (zh) * 2013-06-30 2015-11-18 北京工业大学 一种长直管内表面图像采集设备
CN204215097U (zh) * 2014-12-05 2015-03-18 福建宁德核电有限公司 一种智能内窥镜驱动装置
CN204492801U (zh) * 2015-03-12 2015-07-22 华中科技大学 一种可调焦的钻孔成像系统的探头
CN206073920U (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-04-05 青海正通土木工程试验检测有限公司 一种新型裂缝观测仪
CN206038612U (zh) * 2016-08-26 2017-03-22 天津阿斯米工程技术有限公司 一种管体无损检测设备

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4647198A (en) * 1984-01-30 1987-03-03 Mobil Oil Corporation Optical reflectance standard for geological exploration
CN103163134A (zh) * 2013-02-16 2013-06-19 肖建新 煤储层裂隙观测亚微观分析技术
CN105261286A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-20 中国矿业大学 一种智能化钻孔裂隙再现摄像投影教学模型及方法
CN205591910U (zh) * 2016-04-25 2016-09-21 长沙理工大学 一种溶洞探测系统
CN106014382A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-10-12 四川大学 钻孔内裂隙空间产状的成像系统
CN106437680A (zh) * 2016-12-05 2017-02-22 山东科技大学 一种钻孔电视成像仪配套的裂隙测量装置及使用方法
CN108195759A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 中国矿业大学 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111913216A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-10 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种受重复采动影响巷道围岩稳定性力构协同监测方法
CN111913216B (zh) * 2020-08-03 2022-09-20 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 一种受重复采动影响巷道围岩稳定性力构协同监测方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108195759A (zh) 2018-06-22
CN108195759B (zh) 2021-03-02
AU2018338596B2 (en) 2019-12-19
AU2018338596A1 (en) 2019-07-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108195759B (zh) 一种工程岩体细观裂隙的原位显微观测装置及方法
US11359490B2 (en) Multi-functional intelligent tunneling apparatus and method for simulating partial excavation of tunnel
CN111220416B (zh) 一种防止地下水交叉污染的地下水监测装置及其监测方法
CN112392518A (zh) 一种公路隧道渗漏水自动修复机构、修复装置及方法
CN115290752B (zh) 微波参数主动调节旋转致裂深部硬岩装置及其使用方法
KR20100094824A (ko) 관로 검사 및 보수용 로봇
CN113107505A (zh) 一种多模式盾构掘进试验研究装置
CN112780293A (zh) 一种隧道硬岩微损伤切割装置、系统及方法
CN110320064A (zh) 一种土壤调查取样中深层土壤分层取样装置
CN208502781U (zh) 模拟隧道分部开挖的多功能智能掘进装置
CN113237954B (zh) 一种新能源供电管网智能破损检测设备
CN118500795A (zh) 一种地质找矿勘探用取样装置及其取样方法
CN211042754U (zh) 一种环境监测用土壤高效取样装置
CN111502633A (zh) 一种适用于上倾钻孔孔内摄像装置及方法
CN118980539A (zh) 一种公路养护用钻孔取样方法
CN116608781A (zh) 一种软岩巷道变形监测装置及监测方法
CN219038434U (zh) 一种煤矿开采用煤芯取样装置
CN204920929U (zh) 钻井完井油层智能分层处理控制装置
CN116480357A (zh) 一种竖向掘进盾构机试验装置及其试验方法
CN108645649A (zh) 一种软岩取样装置
CN219348273U (zh) 一种地下水修复前取样装置
CN117214418B (zh) 一种辊筒式模型试验煤层开采及运渣模拟系统
CN209100051U (zh) 带自动检测隧道管片拼环圆度的拼装机
CN216625935U (zh) 一种基于3d传感技术的摄像头模组检测设备
CN222649956U (zh) 一种山岭隧道爆破用爆破点钻孔机构

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018338596

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20180502

Kind code of ref document: A

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18896675

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18896675

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1