WO2019127993A1 - 头盔及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

头盔及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019127993A1
WO2019127993A1 PCT/CN2018/083698 CN2018083698W WO2019127993A1 WO 2019127993 A1 WO2019127993 A1 WO 2019127993A1 CN 2018083698 W CN2018083698 W CN 2018083698W WO 2019127993 A1 WO2019127993 A1 WO 2019127993A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molecular weight
weight polyethylene
helmet
polyethylene fiber
ultrahigh molecular
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/083698
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘若鹏
赵治亚
白雪
刘光烜
胡宇
李自东
肖成伟
王盼
张运湘
李雪
Original Assignee
洛阳尖端技术研究院
洛阳尖端装备技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 洛阳尖端技术研究院, 洛阳尖端装备技术有限公司 filed Critical 洛阳尖端技术研究院
Publication of WO2019127993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019127993A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A42B3/069—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with soft external layer, e.g. for use in impact sports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/14—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles in several steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/06—Inorganic compounds or elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/04—Protection helmets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/04—Protection helmets
    • F41H1/08—Protection helmets of plastics; Plastic head-shields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
    • C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
    • C08L2207/068—Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a helmet, and more particularly to a helmet and a method and application thereof.
  • the outer casing of the helmet is generally made of plastic or ABS material. These materials have certain strength, but in order to obtain better strength during use, it is often necessary to increase the thickness of the outer casing. Accordingly, the weight of the helmet is also This increases, which inconveniences the user.
  • the carbon fiber composite material is often used to replace the traditional ABS material, and the weight of the helmet can be reduced by more than 200g, but the elongation at break is too small, the work of fracture is small, the toughness is not good, and when subjected to the impact of the projectile, Absorbing the kinetic energy of the projectile is poor and easy to damage, so there are certain problems in the manufacture of the helmet shell alone.
  • the present invention provides a helmet and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • a method for preparing a helmet comprising: carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers are compounded in a mass ratio of 4 to 6:1 to 3 to prepare carbon fibers and ultrahigh molecular weight poly An ethylene fiber composite material; the carbon fiber and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material are preformed according to a helmet mold to obtain a carbon fiber and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material shell; the carbon fiber and the super high in the preformed Coating a binder on the molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite; filling the foam onto the binder in the helmet mold to prepare a buffer layer; bonding the fabric layer on the surface of the foam material, opening the mold After the helmet was made.
  • the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber has a molecular weight in the range of from 150 to 2.5 million.
  • the binder is selected from a combination of one or more of polyurethane, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, and fluororesin.
  • the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber is 5:2.
  • the carbon fiber and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite casing have a thickness in the range of 1-3 mm.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer is in the range of 1.5 to 3 cm.
  • the fabric layer is an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth.
  • the fabric layer is adhered to the surface of the foam by an adhesive.
  • the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber is an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber after surface activation treatment
  • the surface activation treatment method is as follows: the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber is placed at a mass ratio of 1:20-1. : 30 mixture of KMnO 4 and H 2 SO 4 , taken out at room temperature for 3-5 minutes, taken out, washed in water and placed in an oven at 60-70 ° C for drying, the number of times of washing is 1-3 times.
  • a helmet prepared according to the above preparation method.
  • the above helmet is also applied in the fields of security, fire protection, electric power, coal mine, chemical industry, customs, and transportation.
  • Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has extremely high crystallinity, and the regular non-polar molecular chain is difficult to form a chemical bond with the current common polar group-containing resin matrix to obtain a good bonding interface, thereby exposing the poor adhesion of the resin matrix.
  • the fatal defect in the present invention solves the problem of poor adhesion of polyethylene fibers by activating the surface thereof.
  • Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber is the world's highest specific strength and specific modulus fiber, and the density is only 0.97g/cm 3 .
  • the present invention prepares a helmet shell by combining carbon fiber and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Minimize the weight of the helmet and give the user a better wearing experience. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers have higher strength and modulus, lower density, and better impact resistance than single carbon fiber composites, enabling the manufacture of lighter impact resistant helmets.
  • the design of the lightweight outer casing can provide a comfortable experience for the user, and the better impact resistance can effectively avoid accidents during riding. Damage caused by the head.
  • the invention utilizes the carbon fiber and the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material to prepare the helmet shell, realizes the preparation of the helmet with excellent light and impact resistance, and plays a driving role for the further development of the helmet industry.
  • FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of preparing a helmet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method for preparing a helmet comprises the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded in a mass ratio of 4 to 6:1 to 3 to prepare a carbon fiber and an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite.
  • the carbon fibers and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers are compounded at a mass ratio of 5:2, wherein the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers have a molecular weight in the range of from 1.5 to 2.5 million.
  • the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber is an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber after surface activation treatment
  • the surface activation treatment method is as follows: the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber is placed in a mass ratio of 1:20 to 1:30 KMnO 4 and The mixture of H 2 SO 4 is taken out at room temperature for 3-5 minutes, taken out, washed in water and placed in an oven at 60-70 ° C for drying, and the number of times of washing is 1-3 times.
  • the carbon fiber and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material were preformed in accordance with a helmet mold to obtain a carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material casing.
  • the prepared carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite casing has a thickness in the range of 1-3 mm.
  • a binder is applied to the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite casing.
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of one or more of polyurethane, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, and fluororesin.
  • the foam material is filled onto the adhesive in the helmet mold to prepare a buffer layer.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer is in the range of 1.5 to 3 cm.
  • a fabric layer is applied to the surface of the foam material, and a helmet is obtained after the mold is opened. Specifically, the fabric layer is adhered to the surface of the foam by a binder such as a combination of one or more of polyurethane, acrylic, polycarbonate, fluororesin.
  • the fabric layer is an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth.
  • the carbon fiber and the surface-activated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded according to a mass ratio of 5:1, and then preformed into a carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material having a thickness of 1 mm according to a helmet mold.
  • the housing is ready for use.
  • a layer of acrylic resin binder is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material in the mold, and the foam material is filled into the mold to obtain a buffer layer having a thickness of 1.5 cm.
  • an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth (purchased from Sovet) is attached to the surface of the foam cushion layer by an acrylic resin binder to fix the foam material. After the mold is removed, the corresponding carbon fiber/ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite shell helmet can be obtained.
  • the helmet shell prepared by this method has a weight reduction of 250 g compared with the conventional ABS shell.
  • the carbon fiber and the surface-activated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded according to a mass ratio of 5:2, and then preformed into a carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material having a thickness of 3 mm according to a helmet mold.
  • the housing is ready for use.
  • a layer of polyurethane binder is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material in the mold, and the foam material is filled into the mold to obtain a buffer layer having a thickness of 3 mm.
  • the helmet shell prepared by this method is 280 g lighter than the conventional ABS shell.
  • the carbon fiber and the surface-activated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded according to a mass ratio of 5:3, and then preformed into a carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material having a thickness of 2 mm according to a helmet mold.
  • the housing is ready for use.
  • a layer of polycarbonate binder is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite shell in the mold, and the foam material is filled into the mold to obtain a buffer layer having a thickness of 2 cm.
  • a layer of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth (purchased from Sovet) is attached to the surface of the foam cushion layer by a polycarbonate binder to fix the foam. Opening the mold After removing the product, the corresponding carbon fiber/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite shell helmet can be obtained.
  • the helmet shell prepared by this method is 260 g lighter than the conventional ABS shell.
  • the carbon fiber and the surface-activated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded according to a mass ratio of 4:1, and then preformed into a carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material having a thickness of 1 mm according to a helmet mold.
  • the housing is ready for use.
  • a layer of polyurethane binder is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material in the mold, and the foam material is filled into the mold to obtain a buffer layer having a thickness of 3 cm.
  • the helmet shell prepared by this method is 290 g lighter than the conventional ABS shell.
  • the carbon fiber and the surface-activated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded according to a mass ratio of 4:3, and then preformed into a carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material having a thickness of 2 mm according to a helmet mold.
  • the housing is ready for use.
  • a layer of acrylic resin binder is applied to the surface of the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material in the mold, and the foam material is filled into the mold to obtain a buffer layer having a thickness of 2.5 cm.
  • an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth (purchased from Sovet) is attached to the surface of the foam cushion layer by an acrylic resin binder to fix the foam material. After the mold is removed, the corresponding carbon fiber/ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite shell helmet can be obtained.
  • the helmet shell prepared by this method is 270 g lighter than the conventional ABS shell.
  • the carbon fiber and the surface-activated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber are compounded according to a mass ratio of 6:2, and then preformed into a carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material having a thickness of 3 mm according to a helmet mold.
  • the housing is ready for use.
  • a layer of fluororesin binder is applied to the surface of the carbon fiber and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber composite material in the mold, and the foam material is filled into the mold to obtain a buffer layer having a thickness of 2 cm.
  • the helmet shell prepared by this method has a weight reduction of 300 g compared with the conventional ABS shell.
  • the preparation method was the same as in Example 1, except that a single carbon fiber reinforced composite material was used.
  • the helmet shell prepared from a single carbon fiber material has a weight reduction of 205 g compared to a conventional ABS shell.
  • the helmets of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 and the commercially available general helmet were tested for impact resistance.
  • the test method was as follows: a special human head model with a helmet was placed on a high-sensitivity sensor, and then a hammer of 5 kg mass was used. The impact is made from a height of 1 m, and the force value at the moment of impact is measured by a high-sensitivity force sensing device.
  • the test results are shown in Table 1:
  • the helmet provided according to the embodiment of the present invention has a significant reduction compared to the ordinary helmet and the helmet made of a single carbon fiber material quality, and is superior to the ordinary ABS helmet in terms of impact resistance as well as the quality of the single carbon fiber material. Made of helmets.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)

Abstract

头盔的制备方法：将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比4~6：1~3复合，制备得到复合材料；将该复合材料按照头盔模具进行预成型，制备得到壳体；在该壳体上涂布粘结剂；将泡沫材料填充到头盔莫剧中的粘结剂上，制得缓冲层；在泡沫材料表面粘贴织物层，开模后得到头盔。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　头盔及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种头盔，更具体地，涉及一种头盔及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
为保障骑行安全，摩托车或电动车骑行者通常需要佩戴头盔。目前头盔的外壳一般是采用塑料或ABS材料来制作，这些材料具有一定的强度，但在使用过程中为了获得更好的强度，往往需要通过增加外壳的厚度来实现，相应地，头盔的重量也随之增加，进而给使用者带来不便。
在现有技术中多采用碳纤复合材料取代传统的ABS材料，能将头盔的重量减轻200g以上，但是其断裂伸长率太小，断裂功较小，韧性不佳，在受到弹体冲击时，吸收弹体动能性能较差，容易损伤，因此单独采用其制作头盔外壳还存在一定的问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种头盔及其制备方法和应用。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种头盔的制备方法，包括：将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为4～6:1～3进行复合，制备得到碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料；将所述碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料按照头盔模具进行预成型，制得碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体；在预成型的所述碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料上涂布粘结剂；将泡沫材料填充到所述头盔模具中的所述粘结剂上，制得缓冲层；在所述泡沫材料的表面上粘贴织物层，开模后制得头盔。
在上述制备方法中，所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的分子量介于150-250万的范围内。
在上述制备方法中，所述粘结剂选自聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂、聚碳酸酯、氟树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
在上述制备方法中，所述碳纤维和所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的质量比为5:2。
在上述制备方法中，所述碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体的厚度介于1-3mm的范围内。
在上述制备方法中，所述缓冲层的厚度介于1.5-3cm的范围内。
在上述制备方法中，所述织物层为超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布。
在上述制备方法中，通过粘结剂将所述织物层粘贴在所述泡沫材料的表面上。
在上述制备方法中，所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维为表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，表面活化处理方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:20-1:30的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理3-5min后取出，水洗后置于60-70℃的烘箱中烘干待用，水洗次数为1-3次。
根据本发明的第二方面，还提供了一种根据上述制备方法制备得到的头盔。
根据本发明的第三方面，还提供了上述头盔在安保、消防、电力、煤矿、化工、海关、交通领域中的应用。
超高分子量聚乙烯纤维结晶度极高，规整的非极性分子链很难与目前通用的含有极性基团的树脂基体形成化学键而获得良好的粘结界面，从而暴露出树脂基体粘结性差的致命缺陷，在本发明中通过对其表面进行活化处理，进而解决了聚乙烯纤维粘结性差的问题。
超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，是目前世界上比强度和比模量最高的纤维，密度仅为0.97g/cm 3，本发明通过将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合的方式制备头盔外壳，旨在最大程度减轻头盔重量，给使用者带来更好的穿戴体验。与单一的碳纤复合材料相比，超高分子量聚乙烯纤维具有更高的强度和模量，密度更小，耐冲击性更好，可以实现更轻质的抗冲击性头盔的制造。
本发明提供的头盔当应用于摩托车或电动车骑行者时，轻质化外壳的 设计可以给使用者带来舒适体验，同时较好的抗冲击性能可以有效避免骑行过程中发生意外时对头部造成的伤害。
本发明利用碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料制备头盔外壳，实现了轻质，抗冲击性能优异的头盔的制备，对于头盔行业的进一步发展起到推动性作用。
附图说明
了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例的制备头盔的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供的头盔的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
如图1中的步骤S101所示，将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为4～6:1～3进行复合，制备得到碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料。优选地，将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比5:2进行复合，其中，超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的分子量介于150-250万的范围内。其中，超高分子量聚乙烯纤维为表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，表面活化处理方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:20-1:30的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理3-5min后取出，水洗后置于60-70℃的烘箱中烘干待用，水洗次数为1-3次。
如图1中的步骤S103所示，将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料按照头盔模具进行预成型，制得碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材 料壳体。在该步骤中，制备得到的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体的厚度介于1-3mm的范围内。
如图1中的步骤S105所示，在碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体上涂布粘结剂。粘结剂选自聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂、聚碳酸酯、氟树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
如图1中的步骤S107所示，将泡沫材料填充到头盔模具中的粘结剂上，制得缓冲层。缓冲层的厚度介于1.5-3cm的范围内。
如图1中的步骤S109所示，在泡沫材料的表面上粘贴织物层，开模后制得头盔。具体地，通过粘结剂(诸如聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂、聚碳酸酯、氟树脂中的一种或多种的组合)将织物层粘贴在泡沫材料的表面上。织物层为超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布。
下面将结合具体实施例对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
1、对分子量介于150-250万的范围内的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行表面活化处理，方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:20的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理5min后取出，水洗2次后置于65℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
2、将碳纤维和表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为5:1进行复合，再将其按头盔模具进行预成型为厚度为1mm的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体待用。
3、在模具内的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体表面涂一层丙烯酸树脂粘结剂，把泡沫材料填充到模具中，得到厚度为1.5cm的缓冲层。
4、然后通过丙烯酸树脂粘结剂在泡沫材料缓冲层表面再贴上一层超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布(购自索维特公司)，对泡沫材料起到固定作用。开模取出制品后即可得到相应的碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料外壳头盔。
用此方法制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了250g。
实施例2
1、对分子量介于150-250万的范围内的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行表面活化处理，方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:25的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理3min后取出，水洗3次后置于60℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
2、将碳纤维和表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为5:2进行复合，再将其按头盔模具进行预成型为厚度为3mm的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体待用。
3、在模具内的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体表面涂一层聚氨酯粘结剂，把泡沫材料填充到模具中，得到厚度为3mm的缓冲层。
4、然后通过聚氨酯粘结剂在泡沫材料缓冲层表面再贴上一层超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布(购自索维特公司)，对泡沫材料起到固定作用。开模取出制品后即可得到相应的碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料外壳头盔。
用此方法制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了280g。
实施例3
1、对分子量介于150-250万的范围内的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行表面活化处理，方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:30的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理4min后取出，水洗2次后置于70℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
2、将碳纤维和表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为5:3进行复合，再将其按头盔模具进行预成型为厚度为2mm的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体待用。
3、在模具内的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体表面涂一层聚碳酸酯粘结剂，把泡沫材料填充到模具中，得到厚度为2cm的缓冲层。
4、然后通过聚碳酸酯粘结剂在泡沫材料缓冲层表面再贴上一层超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布(购自索维特公司)，对泡沫材料起到固定作用。开模 取出制品后即可得到相应的碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料外壳头盔。
用此方法制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了260g。
实施例4
1、对分子量介于150-250万的范围内的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行表面活化处理，方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:20的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理3min后取出，水洗2次后置于60℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
2、将碳纤维和表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为4:1进行复合，再将其按头盔模具进行预成型为厚度为1mm的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体待用。
3、在模具内的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体表面涂一层聚氨酯粘结剂，把泡沫材料填充到模具中，得到厚度为3cm的缓冲层。
4、然后通过聚氨酯粘结剂在泡沫材料缓冲层表面再贴上一层超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布(购自索维特公司)，对泡沫材料起到固定作用。开模取出制品后即可得到相应的碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料外壳头盔。
用此方法制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了290g。
实施例5
1、对分子量介于150-250万的范围内的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行表面活化处理，方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:28的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理5min后取出，水洗3次后置于65℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
2、将碳纤维和表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为4:3进行复合，再将其按头盔模具进行预成型为厚度为2mm的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体待用。
3、在模具内的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体表面涂一 层丙烯酸树脂粘结剂，把泡沫材料填充到模具中，得到厚度为2.5cm的缓冲层。
4、然后通过丙烯酸树脂粘结剂在泡沫材料缓冲层表面再贴上一层超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布(购自索维特公司)，对泡沫材料起到固定作用。开模取出制品后即可得到相应的碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料外壳头盔。
用此方法制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了270g。
实施例6
1、对分子量介于150-250万的范围内的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行表面活化处理，方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:25的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理6min后取出，水洗3次后置于60℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
2、将碳纤维和表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为6:2进行复合，再将其按头盔模具进行预成型为厚度为3mm的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体待用。
3、在模具内的碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体表面涂一层氟树脂粘结剂，把泡沫材料填充到模具中，得到厚度为2cm的缓冲层。
4、然后通过氟树脂粘结剂在泡沫材料缓冲层表面再贴上一层超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布(购自索维特公司)，对泡沫材料起到固定作用。开模取出制品后即可得到相应的碳纤维/超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料外壳头盔。
用此方法制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了300g。
对比例1
制备方法与实施例1相同，不同之处在于采用单一的碳纤维增强复合材料。由单一的碳纤维材料制备得到的头盔外壳与传统ABS外壳相比，重量减轻了205g。
性能测试：
对实施例1-6、对比例1的头盔以及市售普通头盔进行抗冲击性能测试，测试方法如下：将戴好头盔的特制人头模型设置在高灵敏度之传感器上，然后用质量5kg的铁锤从1m的高度进行冲击，并由高灵敏度的力量感应装置测出冲击瞬间的力值。测试结果如表1所示：
表1
  冲击力/N
实施例1 2780
实施例2 2600
实施例3 2552
实施例4 2463
实施例5 2293
实施例6 2651
对比例1 3250
市售普通头盔 3670
结果表明，根据本发明的实施例提供的头盔相比于普通头盔以及由单一碳纤维材料质量制成的头盔都有明显减轻，并且在抗冲击性能方面均优于普通ABS头盔以及由单一碳纤维材料质量制成的头盔。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维按照质量比为4～6:1～3进行复合，制备得到碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料；
    将所述碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料按照头盔模具进行预成型，制得碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体；
    在所述碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体上涂布粘结剂；
    将泡沫材料填充到所述头盔模具中的所述粘结剂上，制得缓冲层；
    在所述泡沫材料的表面上粘贴织物层，开模后制得头盔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的分子量介于150-250万的范围内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述粘结剂选自聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂、聚碳酸酯、氟树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳纤维和所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的质量比为5:2。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料壳体的厚度介于1-3mm的范围内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述缓冲层的厚度介于1.5-3cm的范围内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述织物层为超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的头盔的制备方法，其特征在于，所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维为表面活化处理后的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，表面活化处理方法如下：将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维放置到质量比为1:20-1:30的KMnO 4和H 2SO 4的混合液中，室温处理3-5min后取出，水洗后置于60-70℃的烘箱中烘干待用。
  9. 一种根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的头盔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的头盔在安保、消防、电力、煤矿、化工、海关、交通领域中的应用。
PCT/CN2018/083698 2017-12-28 2018-04-19 头盔及其制备方法和应用 WO2019127993A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711461678.XA CN109965437A (zh) 2017-12-28 2017-12-28 一种头盔及其制备方法和应用
CN201711461678.X 2017-12-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019127993A1 true WO2019127993A1 (zh) 2019-07-04

Family

ID=67062951

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/083698 WO2019127993A1 (zh) 2017-12-28 2018-04-19 头盔及其制备方法和应用

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109965437A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019127993A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110818944B (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-08-11 浙江远景体育用品有限公司 一种缓冲吸能摩托车头盔复合材料及制备方法
CN111361222A (zh) * 2020-03-12 2020-07-03 厦门宇诠复材科技有限公司 一种复合材料帽壳

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110203024A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-25 Morgan Arthur C Rifle Rated Ballistic Helmet
CN102806716A (zh) * 2012-05-28 2012-12-05 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 防弹头盔盔体及其制备方法
CN104236393A (zh) * 2014-09-16 2014-12-24 山东大学 一种多功能复合材料防弹头盔及其制造方法
CN104278510A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-14 宁波大学 一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合表面改性方法
CN105216192A (zh) * 2015-09-07 2016-01-06 上海斯瑞科技有限公司 一种防弹头盔及其制备方法
CN106482582A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-03-08 包头北方嘉瑞防务科技有限公司 一种防弹头盔及其制备方法
CN107298871A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-10-27 安徽长青藤新材料有限公司 超高分子量聚乙烯三维织物增强轻质复合材料及制备方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202496476U (zh) * 2012-01-20 2012-10-24 佛山市南海永恒头盔制造有限公司 一种碳纤复合材料头盔
CN103498435B (zh) * 2013-10-23 2016-02-10 云南省交通科学研究所 一种超高分子量聚乙烯碳纤维复合材料公路护栏

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110203024A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-25 Morgan Arthur C Rifle Rated Ballistic Helmet
CN102806716A (zh) * 2012-05-28 2012-12-05 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 防弹头盔盔体及其制备方法
CN104278510A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-14 宁波大学 一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合表面改性方法
CN104236393A (zh) * 2014-09-16 2014-12-24 山东大学 一种多功能复合材料防弹头盔及其制造方法
CN105216192A (zh) * 2015-09-07 2016-01-06 上海斯瑞科技有限公司 一种防弹头盔及其制备方法
CN106482582A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-03-08 包头北方嘉瑞防务科技有限公司 一种防弹头盔及其制备方法
CN107298871A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-10-27 安徽长青藤新材料有限公司 超高分子量聚乙烯三维织物增强轻质复合材料及制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109965437A (zh) 2019-07-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101936684B (zh) 防刺复合材料及其制备方法
CN107690393B (zh) 多复合平面增强件
WO2019127993A1 (zh) 头盔及其制备方法和应用
JP5241257B2 (ja) 繊維強化複合材及びその製造方法
JP2018516786A5 (zh)
KR100897434B1 (ko) 경량 헬멧쉘
JP2013501083A5 (zh)
WO2007084104A3 (en) Body armor with improved knife-stab resistance formed from flexible composites
JPS62128750A (ja) 改良された衝撃耐性を有するコンプレツクス複合製品
JP2020100156A5 (zh)
JP2012519614A5 (zh)
JP2012520945A5 (zh)
JPH05503869A (ja) 強化された歯科用補綴物
CN107501581A (zh) 一种改性橡胶的制备方法、改性橡胶和防弹防刺穿轮胎
ATE485410T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung gleichförmig hochfester garne und faserstoffbahnen
JP2011069020A (ja) 有機繊維コード用接着剤組成物、並びにそれを用いたゴム補強材、タイヤおよび接着方法
JP2007138320A (ja) 防護用インナー型保護帽
CN103160041A (zh) 用于消防水带内衬的复合材料及其制备工艺
CN110359421B (zh) 一种长寿命高压堵水橡胶气囊及生产工艺
CN109795132A (zh) 一种防弹头盔的制备方法
CN106009323A (zh) 一种耐高温输送带用浸胶锦纶帆布的制备方法
CN202496476U (zh) 一种碳纤复合材料头盔
JP2015525259A (ja) ポリエステル層を備えた補強要素
CN107379704A (zh) 一种轻质透气耐磨型面料
CN207725472U (zh) 一种新型环保pvc蜂窝滴塑方向盘套

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18895694

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18895694

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1