WO2019127965A1 - Module d'affichage en 3d - Google Patents

Module d'affichage en 3d Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019127965A1
WO2019127965A1 PCT/CN2018/081395 CN2018081395W WO2019127965A1 WO 2019127965 A1 WO2019127965 A1 WO 2019127965A1 CN 2018081395 W CN2018081395 W CN 2018081395W WO 2019127965 A1 WO2019127965 A1 WO 2019127965A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
display
unit
spatial light
modulation
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PCT/CN2018/081395
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴雪梅
薛翰聪
王晓雷
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张家港康得新光电材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2019127965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019127965A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of 3D display, and in particular to a 3D display component.
  • Conventional 3D display technologies include glasses-type binocular parallax display, naked-eye binocular parallax display, and multi-view display. These display technologies cannot achieve true 3D viewing effects due to insufficient motion parallax.
  • the conventional 3D display technology produces a 3D display effect by forming different parallax images in the left and right eyes of a person, and when the human eye views the 3D image, the depth of the acctonation generated by the lens adjustment is always fixed on the display screen, and the eye is fixed.
  • the depth of the vergence produced by the motion varies with the spatial position of the 3D object, which results in inconsistent depth of focus and convergence depth, causing an accommodation-vergence conflict.
  • the viewpoint spacing is usually designed as the distance between two eyes or half of this distance, the retinal image changes only when the eye moves to the next visible area, which causes the motion parallax to be discontinuous, so the real 3D viewing effect.
  • the display component includes a display unit 01 and a view separating unit 02, and the image displayed by the display unit 01 passes through the visual separation element.
  • the super multi-view display can provide continuous motion parallax, realizing a realistic 3D viewing effect, the display
  • the human eye in the assembly sees the virtual image 05 of the object.
  • the ultra-multi-view display technology can solve the problem of visual convergence adjustment conflict well, the disadvantage of this technology is that the viewing freedom is not high, the formed depth of field is too small, and the resolution is low.
  • the visible area can only be fixed in the range of 350mm from the display.
  • other parameters such as pixel spacing is 12.75um, the focal length of the cylinder is 1.7mm, and the distance between the panel and the lens is 1.72mm. About 25mm.
  • the main purpose of the present application is to provide a 3D display component to solve the problem that the super multi-view display technology in the prior art has low viewing freedom and the formed depth of field is too small.
  • the present application provides a 3D display component
  • the 3D display component includes: a display unit, including at least two pixel groups, each of the pixel groups includes a plurality of pixel rows, and each of the pixel rows includes a plurality of pixel rows.
  • a spatial light modulation unit disposed on one side of the display unit, wherein the spatial light modulation unit modulates light emitted by the plurality of pixel groups into different predetermined regions by using a modulation module, wherein each of the predetermined regions is located
  • the predetermined area of the spatial light modulation unit that is away from the display unit and the at least two corresponding pixel groups do not overlap in the first direction, and the first direction is directed from the display unit to the spatial light modulation unit.
  • a direction separating unit is disposed on a side of the spatial light modulation unit remote from the display unit, and each of the predetermined areas is located between the view separating unit and the spatial light modulation unit.
  • the spatial light modulation unit includes at least two modulation modules, and each of the modulation modules is configured to modulate light emitted by the corresponding one or more of the pixel groups into the corresponding predetermined area.
  • an interval of any two adjacent pixel rows in any one of the pixel groups is the same, and each of the pixel rows in the other pixel groups is disposed in each of the intervals, and the number of the pixel rows in each of the intervals is the same.
  • a pitch between any two adjacent pixel rows is L
  • a pitch between any adjacent pixel rows is L
  • the display unit includes three pixel groups, which are a first pixel group, a second pixel group, and a third pixel group, wherein the pixel in the first pixel group acts as a first pixel row, and the second pixel group The pixel in the second pixel row, the pixel in the third pixel group acts as a third pixel row, and the interval between any two adjacent first pixel rows is set in the second pixel row and one of the above The third pixel row.
  • any two adjacent pixels of the first pixel behavioral pixel composition are different, and the first pixel row, the second pixel row and the third pixel behavior pixel are adjacent to each other and are sequentially arranged.
  • the above pixel row is the first pixel row, the second pixel row and the third pixel behavior pixel.
  • the spatial light modulation unit includes three modulation modules, and the three modulation modules respectively modulate light emitted by three of the pixel groups into three predetermined regions, and the three predetermined regions are at the first The interval is set in the direction.
  • the above modulation module comprises a lens array modulation module and/or a grating array modulation module.
  • the modulation module is a modulation module with an adjustable refractive index.
  • the above-described visual separation unit is a view separation unit whose refractive index is adjustable.
  • the display unit includes a plurality of pixel groups, and the light emitted by the different pixel groups is modulated to different predetermined regions by the spatial light modulation unit, thereby forming a space between the spatial light modulation unit and the view separation unit.
  • a plurality of virtual display screens wherein the plurality of virtual display screens do not coincide in the first direction, and the image lights of the plurality of different positions of the virtual display screen pass through the view separation unit to form a high-density viewpoint different from the distance of the view separation unit.
  • the viewport increases the viewer's viewing freedom and also increases the depth of field of the scene.
  • a corresponding high-density view point visible area is formed at different distance positions, and the plurality of virtual display screens are combined to improve the viewing freedom in the vertical direction, and each The viewable area maintains a high-density viewpoint display, enhancing the 3D display.
  • this scheme can be matched with the human eye tracking technology to track the position of the human eye in real time, and control the corresponding pixel illumination so that the high-density viewpoint display is formed only in the position range of the human eyes, that is, the viewpoint spacing is smaller than the pupil diameter of the human eye. Displayed so that at least two viewpoints simultaneously enter the pupil.
  • the requirement for display window resolution can be reduced by matching human eye tracking technology.
  • high-density viewpoint display can be realized in the binocular range without using the human eye tracking technology, and the device can be used in the AR or VR field.
  • FIG. 1 shows an optical path diagram of a display assembly in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a 3D display assembly and an optical path thereof provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display unit according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the display unit of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the display unit and the corresponding spatial light modulation unit shown in FIG. 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the 3D display assembly shown in Figure 2 and its imaging;
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the structure of a 3D display assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present application and a light path thereof;
  • Figure 9 is a view showing the structure of the 3D display assembly of Embodiment 2 and its optical path;
  • Figure 10 is a view showing the structure of the 3D display assembly of Embodiment 3 and its optical path;
  • Figure 11 is a view showing the structure of a 3D display assembly of Embodiment 4 of the present application and an image thereof;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a 3D display assembly of Embodiment 2 of the present application and another perspective of imaging thereof;
  • FIG. 13 is a view showing an optical path after replacing the spatial light modulation unit in the 3D display component of FIG. 11 with a time division multiplexing spatial light modulation unit;
  • FIG. 14 shows an optical path diagram after replacing the view separating unit in the 3D display unit of FIG. 11 with the time division multiplexing view separating unit.
  • the prior art super multi-view display technology has low viewing freedom and the formed depth of field is too small.
  • the present application proposes a 3D display component.
  • the 3D display assembly includes a display unit 1, a spatial light modulation unit 2, and a view separation unit 3.
  • the display unit 1 includes at least two pixel groups 11, each of the pixel groups 11 includes a plurality of pixel rows 110, each of the pixel rows 110 includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a row at intervals; the spatial light modulation unit 2 is disposed on the display On one side of the unit 1, the spatial light modulation unit 2 modulates the light emitted by the plurality of pixel groups 11 into different predetermined regions 10 by using the modulation module 20, and each of the predetermined regions 10 is located away from the spatial light modulation unit 2 One side of the display unit 1 and the predetermined area 10 corresponding to at least two of the above-mentioned pixel groups 11 do not overlap in the first direction.
  • the first direction is a direction from the display unit 1 to the spatial light modulation unit 2; the view separation unit 3 is disposed on a side of the spatial light modulation unit 2 remote from the display unit 1 And each of the predetermined regions 10 is located between the view separating unit 3 and the spatial light modulation unit 2.
  • the display unit includes a plurality of pixel groups, and the light emitted by the different pixel groups is modulated to different predetermined regions by the spatial light modulation unit, thereby forming a space between the spatial light modulation unit and the view separation unit.
  • a plurality of virtual display screens wherein the plurality of virtual display screens do not overlap in the first direction, and the image lights of the plurality of different positions of the virtual display screen pass through the view separating unit to form at least two heights different from the distance of the view separating unit Density view point of view.
  • a corresponding high-density view point visible area is formed at different distance positions, and the plurality of virtual display screens are combined to improve the viewing freedom in the vertical direction, and each The viewable area maintains a high-density viewpoint display, enhancing the 3D display.
  • this scheme can be matched with the human eye tracking technology to track the position of the human eye in real time, and control the corresponding pixel illumination so that the high-density viewpoint display is formed only in the position range of the human eyes, that is, the viewpoint spacing is smaller than the pupil diameter of the human eye. Displayed so that at least two viewpoints simultaneously enter the pupil.
  • the requirement for display window resolution can be reduced by matching human eye tracking technology.
  • the foregoing display unit actually includes a plurality of sequentially arranged pixel rows, and the pixel groups are artificially divided, that is, when the spatial light modulation unit modulates a plurality of pixel rows to the same predetermined region, the pixel rows are Form a pixel group.
  • the spatial light modulation unit 2 includes at least two modulation modules 20, and each of the modulation modules 20 is configured to use a corresponding one or more of the foregoing pixel groups 11 in order to further improve viewing freedom and depth of field.
  • the emitted light is modulated into the corresponding predetermined area 10 described above.
  • Each of the modulation modules 20 is configured to modulate the light emitted by the corresponding one or more of the foregoing pixel groups 11 into the corresponding predetermined area 10, and at least includes the following cases: First, a modulation module sends out a pixel group.
  • a modulation module can modulate light emitted by one pixel group to different predetermined areas at different times, specifically: at a first moment, the modulation module will have a pixel group The emitted light is modulated into a first predetermined area, and at a second time, the modulation module modulates light emitted by one pixel group into a second predetermined area, and the first predetermined area does not coincide with the second predetermined area;
  • a modulation module can simultaneously modulate light emitted by a plurality of pixel groups into the same predetermined area; and fourth, a modulation module modulates different pixel groups into different predetermined areas at different times, specifically: At the first moment, the modulation module modulates the plurality of pixel groups into the first predetermined area, and at the second time, the modulation module adjusts the plurality of pixel groups Going to the second predetermined area, and the pixel group corresponding to the first time is the same as the pixel group corresponding to the second time, the first
  • any two adjacent pixel rows 110 in any one of the pixel groups 11 have the same interval, and the pixel rows 110 in the other pixel groups 11 are disposed in each of the intervals.
  • the number of the pixel rows 110 in the above interval is the same. This can further ensure that the display component has a better display effect.
  • the spacing of any two adjacent pixel rows 110 in any one of the above-mentioned pixel groups 11 is the same has two meanings, the meaning of the first layer, and any two adjacent pixel rows in the same pixel group.
  • the intervals of 110 are the same;
  • the second layer means that the intervals of any two adjacent pixel rows 110 are the same in different pixel groups.
  • the 3D display component includes two pixel groups, which are the first pixel group and the second pixel group respectively.
  • the first layer means that the interval between any adjacent two pixel rows in the first pixel group is the same;
  • the second layer means that the interval between any adjacent pixel rows in the first pixel group is the same as the interval between any two adjacent pixel rows in the second pixel group.
  • the pixel rows 110 in the other pixel groups 11 are disposed in each of the above intervals, and the number of the pixel rows 110 in the respective intervals is the same.
  • the two layers are also included, and one layer is the same pixel group.
  • the number of pixel rows of other pixel groups in the interval of any two adjacent pixel rows 110 is the same; the second layer means that the pixel rows of other pixel groups in the interval in different pixel groups The number is the same.
  • the spacing between any two adjacent pixel rows 110 is L, and any two adjacent pixels 110 are adjacent.
  • the display unit 1 includes three pixel groups 11 respectively, which are a first pixel group, a second pixel group, and a third pixel group, and the first pixel group.
  • the pixel row 110 is the first pixel row 114
  • the pixel row 110 in the second pixel group is the second pixel row 115
  • the pixel row 110 in the third pixel group is the third pixel row 116
  • any One second pixel row 115 and one third pixel row 116 are disposed in the interval between two adjacent first pixel rows 114.
  • the light emitted by the three pixel groups can be modulated into at least three non-coincident predetermined regions by the modulation module in the spatial light modulation unit, that is, at least three virtual display screens are formed, and the visual separation unit combines the three virtual images.
  • the display screen is separately modulated into different visible areas to form at least three visible areas, so that the viewer can view the image in a larger area, that is, the viewing freedom of the viewer is improved;
  • the visible area makes the depth of the image larger, so that the image viewed by the viewer is more spatial and the 3D experience is better.
  • any two adjacent first pixel rows 114 are different in pixel composition.
  • the pixel row 110 is adjacent to the first pixel row 114, the second pixel row 115, and the third pixel row 116 are the same pixel row 110.
  • pixel composition refers to the type and arrangement order of pixels
  • the same pixel composition means that the types and arrangement order of pixels are the same
  • the difference in pixel composition refers to the type and arrangement of pixels. There is at least one difference in the order.
  • the spatial light modulation unit 2 includes three modulation modules 20, which are a first modulation module 21, a second modulation module 22, and a third modulation module 23, respectively.
  • the modulation module 20 modulates the light emitted by the three pixel groups 11 into the three predetermined regions 10 one by one, and the three predetermined regions 10 are spaced apart in the first direction.
  • the lens array includes a plurality of lenticular lenses, and the plurality of lenticular lenses are divided into a first modulation module 21, a second modulation module 22, and a third according to a refractive index.
  • Modulation module 23 Each lenticular lens corresponds to one pixel row, and three modulation modules correspond to three pixel groups, and the specific correspondence is shown in the figure.
  • the modulation module is configured to modulate pixels at corresponding positions to different positions from the view separating element to form virtual display units at different positions, specifically: a modulation module with a refractive index of n1 will display all the pixels on the display unit.
  • a pixel row 114 is modulated into the first predetermined region 101 from the view separating element dl to form a virtual display screen of the first pixel row 114 at a position d1 from the view separating element; a modulation module having a refractive index of n2 Modulating all of the second pixel rows 115 on the display unit into the second predetermined area 102 from the view separating element d2, thereby forming a virtual display screen of the second pixel row 115 at a position d2 from the view separating element;
  • the modulation module having a refractive index of n3 modulates all of the third pixel rows 116 on the display unit into the third predetermined region 103 from the view separating element d3, thereby forming a third pixel at a position d3 from the view separating element
  • the virtual display of line 116 After the images on the three virtual display screens pass through the view separating elements, the first image 700, the second image 800 and the third image 900 are respectively formed at different positions on the
  • the modulation module of the present application may be any one of the prior art that can modulate light to a predetermined area.
  • a person skilled in the art can select a suitable structure as the modulation module of the present application according to actual conditions.
  • the modulation module includes a lens array modulation module and/or a grating array modulation module. That is, the modulation module may be a lens array modulation module or a grating array modulation module, and may also include a lens array modulation module and a grating array modulation module.
  • the modulation module 20 is adjustable in refractive index. Modulation module 20. That is, the refractive index of the modulation module can be switched, and the refractive indices are different at different times, so that the light emitted by the same pixel group or different pixel groups can be modulated to different predetermined regions at different times to obtain at least two virtual
  • the display screen obtains at least two viewing zones through the view separating unit. That is, the technical solution modulates the light emitted by the pixel group into at least two predetermined regions by using a time division multiplexing technique.
  • the above-described view separating unit 3 is a view separating unit 3 whose index of refraction is adjustable. That is, the refractive index of the visual separation unit can be switched, and the refractive indices are different at different times, so that the light emitted by the same virtual display screen or different virtual display screens can be modulated into different visible areas at different times. , get at least two viewable areas. That is, the technical solution utilizes time division multiplexing technology to modulate the light emitted by the virtual display screen into at least two visible areas.
  • the sub-pixel is a square sub-pixel, and the sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel 111, a green sub-pixel 112, or a blue sub-pixel 113.
  • the pixel row 110 includes the red sub-pixel 111, At least two of the green sub-pixel 112 or the blue sub-pixel 113 described above.
  • the display unit of the present application may be any display unit in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable display unit according to actual conditions.
  • a person skilled in the art may select a suitable display unit according to actual conditions.
  • one or more of LCD, LED, OLED, Micro LED, Micro OLED, and microdisplay array may be selected to form the display unit of the present application.
  • the view separating unit of the present application may be any available view separating unit in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable view separating unit according to actual conditions as long as it can convert 2D image light into The stereo image can be displayed.
  • the view separation unit may be a lens array such as a lenticular array or a microlens array, or may be a grating array such as a barrier or a pinhole array.
  • high-density viewpoint display can be formed only in the binocular range by controlling the corresponding pixel illumination, which can reduce the requirement for high resolution of the display window.
  • the display window can be designed as a transparent structure to facilitate external light entering the human eye, which can be used in the AR field, and can be applied to the VR field when the display window is designed as an opaque structure.
  • Viewing degree of freedom means that the viewer can clearly see the range of distances corresponding to the image displayed by the 3D display component, and the depth of field refers to the width of the displayed image in the direction perpendicular to the display surface.
  • the "vertical direction” of the present application means a direction perpendicular to the display surface, unless otherwise specified.
  • the structure of the display component and the optical path diagram are as shown in FIG. 8 , wherein the display unit is an LCD panel, and its specific structure is shown in FIG. 5; the spatial light modulator includes three modulation modules, and each modulation module is a lens array. Each lens array includes a plurality of spaced apart lenticular lenses, as shown in FIG. 6; the view separation unit is a lenticular array structure.
  • the three modulation modules of the spatial light modulation unit modulate the light emitted by the three pixel groups in the display unit into three predetermined areas, namely three virtual display screens, and the light emitted by the three virtual display screens is modulated by the visual separation unit. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, three visible areas are respectively reached, and the three visible areas are the first visible area 100, the second visible area 200 and the third visible area 300, respectively.
  • at least two viewpoints enter the pupil of the left eye 400 of the person, and at least two viewpoints enter the pupil of the right eye 500 of the person.
  • n 1, 2 or 3, i.e., dn is d1, d2 or d3, and dn' is d1', d2' or d3'.
  • the modulation module in the spatial light modulation unit is a modulation module of a switchable mode, that is, a modulation module with an adjustable refractive index
  • the three modulation modules use a time division multiplexing technique to display three pixels in the display unit.
  • the light emitted by the group is modulated into more predetermined areas (greater than 3 predetermined areas) as shown in FIG. 9, so that the viewing degree of freedom in the vertical direction (in the direction of the vertical display surface) can be further increased.
  • the view separation unit is a view separation unit with adjustable refractive index, that is, the column mirror array structure is adjustable in refractive index
  • the view separation unit uses time division multiplexing technology to display three virtual display screens.
  • the image is modulated into more visible areas (greater than 3 visible areas), as shown in Figure 10, thereby further increasing the viewing freedom in the vertical direction (in the direction of the vertical display surface), which is convenient Many people watch.
  • the structure of the display component and the optical path diagram are as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, wherein the display unit is an LCD panel, and the specific structure thereof is shown in FIG. 5; the spatial light modulator includes three modulation modules, and each modulation module is The lens array includes a plurality of spaced apart lenticular lenses, as shown in FIG. 6; the view separating unit is a microlens array structure.
  • the resulting central depth plane positions are d1', d2', d3', respectively.
  • the modulation module in the spatial light modulation unit is a modulation module of a switchable mode, that is, a modulation module with an adjustable refractive index, and the three modulation modules use a time division multiplexing technique to display three pixels in the display unit.
  • the light emitted by the group is modulated into more predetermined areas (greater than 3 predetermined areas) as shown in FIG. 13, so that the depth of field can be further increased.
  • the view separation unit is a view separation unit with adjustable refractive index, that is, the column mirror array structure is adjustable in refractive index, and the view separation unit uses time division multiplexing technology to display three virtual display screens.
  • the image is modulated into more visible areas (greater than 3 visible areas) as shown in Figure 14, thereby further increasing the depth of field.
  • the display unit includes a plurality of pixel groups, and the light emitted by the different pixel groups is modulated by the spatial light modulation unit to different predetermined regions, thereby being between the spatial light modulation unit and the visual separation unit.
  • the viewing area increases the viewer's viewing freedom and also increases the depth of field of the scene.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un module d'affichage en 3D comprenant : une unité d'affichage comportant au moins deux groupes de pixels, chaque groupe de pixels comprenant une pluralité de rangées de pixels, et chaque rangée de pixels comprenant une pluralité de sous-pixels agencés successivement à intervalles ; une unité de modulation de lumière spatiale disposée sur un côté de l'unité d'affichage, l'unité de modulation de lumière spatiale modulant la lumière émise par une pluralité de groupes de pixels dans différentes zones prédéfinies à l'aide d'un module de modulation, chacune des zones prédéfinies étant située sur l'unité de modulation de lumière spatiale sur le côté éloigné de l'unité d'affichage, les zones prédéfinies correspondant auxdits groupes de pixels ne présentant pas de superposition dans un premier sens, et le premier sens étant un sens allant de l'unité d'affichage à l'unité de modulation de lumière spatiale ; et une unité de séparation de champ de vision disposée sur l'unité de modulation de lumière spatiale sur le côté éloigné de l'unité d'affichage, chacune des zones prédéfinies étant située entre l'unité de séparation de champ de vision et l'unité de modulation de lumière spatiale. Conformément au module d'affichage en 3D selon la présente invention, la liberté de visualisation peut être améliorée et la profondeur de foyer peut être augmentée.
PCT/CN2018/081395 2017-12-29 2018-03-30 Module d'affichage en 3d WO2019127965A1 (fr)

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CN110879478B (zh) * 2019-11-28 2022-02-01 四川大学 一种基于复合透镜阵列的集成成像3d显示装置
CN111638600B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2022-04-12 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种近眼显示的方法、装置及可穿戴设备
CN114981711B (zh) * 2020-12-21 2023-11-03 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示装置及其驱动方法
CN114355622B (zh) * 2022-02-28 2023-10-13 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 一种光线调制元件、眼镜和3d显示系统

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