WO2019127965A1

WO2019127965A1 - 3d display module

Info

Publication number: WO2019127965A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/081395
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吴雪梅; 薛翰聪; 王晓雷
Original assignee: 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司
Priority date: 2017-12-29
Filing date: 2018-03-30
Publication date: 2019-07-04
Also published as: CN108563028A

Abstract

The present application provides a 3D display module. The 3D display module comprises: a display unit including at least two pixel groups, each pixel group comprising a plurality of pixel rows, and each pixel row comprising a plurality of sub-pixels arranged sequentially at intervals; a spatial light modulation unit disposed at one side of the display unit, the spatial light modulation unit modulating light emitted by a plurality of pixel groups into different predetermined areas using a modulating module, each of the predetermined areas being located on the spatial light modulation unit on the side away from the display unit, predetermined areas corresponding to the at least two pixel groups having no superposition in a first direction, and the first direction being a direction pointing from the display unit to the spatial light modulation unit; and a view separation unit disposed on the spatial light modulation unit at the side away from the display unit, each of the predetermined areas being located between the view separation unit and the spatial light modulation unit. According to the 3D display module of the present application, viewing freedom can be improved and the depth of focus can be increased.

Description

3D display component

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of 3D display, and in particular to a 3D display component.

Background technique

Traditional 3D display technology causes visual fatigue due to the lack of sufficient depth cues. People perceive depth information usually through four factors: convergence, binocular parallax, motion parallax, and focus.

Conventional 3D display technologies include glasses-type binocular parallax display, naked-eye binocular parallax display, and multi-view display. These display technologies cannot achieve true 3D viewing effects due to insufficient motion parallax.

The conventional 3D display technology produces a 3D display effect by forming different parallax images in the left and right eyes of a person, and when the human eye views the 3D image, the depth of the acctonation generated by the lens adjustment is always fixed on the display screen, and the eye is fixed. The depth of the vergence produced by the motion varies with the spatial position of the 3D object, which results in inconsistent depth of focus and convergence depth, causing an accommodation-vergence conflict.

Multi-view display technology Because the viewpoint spacing is usually designed as the distance between two eyes or half of this distance, the retinal image changes only when the eye moves to the next visible area, which causes the motion parallax to be discontinuous, so the real 3D viewing effect.

In order to solve the problem of visual convergence adjustment conflict in traditional 3D display technology and realize the real 3D viewing effect, researchers at the University of Tokyo in Japan proposed super multi-view display technology. The so-called super multi-view display technology produces a dense viewable area (viewpoint). The so-called dense, that is, the adjacent visible area (viewpoint) spacing is smaller than the pupil diameter of the human eye. As shown in FIG. 1 , the display component includes a display unit 01 and a view separating unit 02, and the image displayed by the display unit 01 passes through the visual separation element. 02 is incident on the left eye 03 and the right eye 04 of the person, and at least two of the visible areas (viewpoints) simultaneously enter the pupil of the single eye, so that there are more than two rays passing through a point of the 3D image in the space (ie Focusing point 06) and simultaneously entering a single pupil, so that the viewer can focus on the 3D image in space instead of focusing on the display as in traditional 3D display technology, thus solving the vision of traditional 3D display technology Convergence regulates conflicts. Since the visible area (viewpoint) pitch is smaller than the pupil diameter, when the human eye moves, the change of the retinal image is smooth and no jump, so the super multi-view display can provide continuous motion parallax, realizing a realistic 3D viewing effect, the display The human eye in the assembly sees the virtual image 05 of the object.

Although the ultra-multi-view display technology can solve the problem of visual convergence adjustment conflict well, the disadvantage of this technology is that the viewing freedom is not high, the formed depth of field is too small, and the resolution is low. According to the prototype parameters, the visible area can only be fixed in the range of 350mm from the display. According to other parameters, such as pixel spacing is 12.75um, the focal length of the cylinder is 1.7mm, and the distance between the panel and the lens is 1.72mm. About 25mm.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present application is to provide a 3D display component to solve the problem that the super multi-view display technology in the prior art has low viewing freedom and the formed depth of field is too small.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a 3D display component, the 3D display component includes: a display unit, including at least two pixel groups, each of the pixel groups includes a plurality of pixel rows, and each of the pixel rows includes a plurality of pixel rows. a spaced-apart sub-pixel; a spatial light modulation unit disposed on one side of the display unit, wherein the spatial light modulation unit modulates light emitted by the plurality of pixel groups into different predetermined regions by using a modulation module, wherein each of the predetermined regions is located The predetermined area of the spatial light modulation unit that is away from the display unit and the at least two corresponding pixel groups do not overlap in the first direction, and the first direction is directed from the display unit to the spatial light modulation unit. a direction separating unit is disposed on a side of the spatial light modulation unit remote from the display unit, and each of the predetermined areas is located between the view separating unit and the spatial light modulation unit.

Further, the spatial light modulation unit includes at least two modulation modules, and each of the modulation modules is configured to modulate light emitted by the corresponding one or more of the pixel groups into the corresponding predetermined area.

Further, an interval of any two adjacent pixel rows in any one of the pixel groups is the same, and each of the pixel rows in the other pixel groups is disposed in each of the intervals, and the number of the pixel rows in each of the intervals is the same.

Further, in the display unit, a pitch between any two adjacent pixel rows is L, and a pitch of any two adjacent sub-pixels in each of the pixel rows is W, L=3W.

Further, in the display unit, a pitch between any adjacent pixel rows is L, and a pitch of any two adjacent sub-pixels in each of the pixel rows is W, L=W.

Further, the display unit includes three pixel groups, which are a first pixel group, a second pixel group, and a third pixel group, wherein the pixel in the first pixel group acts as a first pixel row, and the second pixel group The pixel in the second pixel row, the pixel in the third pixel group acts as a third pixel row, and the interval between any two adjacent first pixel rows is set in the second pixel row and one of the above The third pixel row.

Further, any two adjacent pixels of the first pixel behavioral pixel composition are different, and the first pixel row, the second pixel row and the third pixel behavior pixel are adjacent to each other and are sequentially arranged. The above pixel row.

Further, the spatial light modulation unit includes three modulation modules, and the three modulation modules respectively modulate light emitted by three of the pixel groups into three predetermined regions, and the three predetermined regions are at the first The interval is set in the direction.

Further, the above modulation module comprises a lens array modulation module and/or a grating array modulation module.

Further, the modulation module is a modulation module with an adjustable refractive index.

Further, the above-described visual separation unit is a view separation unit whose refractive index is adjustable.

Applying the technical solution of the present application, the display unit includes a plurality of pixel groups, and the light emitted by the different pixel groups is modulated to different predetermined regions by the spatial light modulation unit, thereby forming a space between the spatial light modulation unit and the view separation unit. a plurality of virtual display screens, wherein the plurality of virtual display screens do not coincide in the first direction, and the image lights of the plurality of different positions of the virtual display screen pass through the view separation unit to form a high-density viewpoint different from the distance of the view separation unit. The viewport increases the viewer's viewing freedom and also increases the depth of field of the scene.

Specifically, after the image light of the different virtual display screen passes through the view separating unit, a corresponding high-density view point visible area is formed at different distance positions, and the plurality of virtual display screens are combined to improve the viewing freedom in the vertical direction, and each The viewable area maintains a high-density viewpoint display, enhancing the 3D display.

For increasing the depth of field function: after the image light of different virtual display screens passes through the view separation unit, corresponding stereoscopic display images are formed at different distance positions, and multiple virtual display screens are combined to form a large depth of field light field display, which can increase viewing. The depth of field of the scene.

For the naked eye display type, this scheme can be matched with the human eye tracking technology to track the position of the human eye in real time, and control the corresponding pixel illumination so that the high-density viewpoint display is formed only in the position range of the human eyes, that is, the viewpoint spacing is smaller than the pupil diameter of the human eye. Displayed so that at least two viewpoints simultaneously enter the pupil. The requirement for display window resolution can be reduced by matching human eye tracking technology.

For the near-eye display type, since the human eye is fixed relative to the screen position, high-density viewpoint display can be realized in the binocular range without using the human eye tracking technology, and the device can be used in the AR or VR field.

DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in the claims of the claims In the drawing:

1 shows an optical path diagram of a display assembly in the prior art;

2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a 3D display assembly and an optical path thereof provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[Correct according to Rule 26 18.07.2018]
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display unit according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the display unit of FIG. 2;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of the display unit and the corresponding spatial light modulation unit shown in FIG. 5;

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the 3D display assembly shown in Figure 2 and its imaging;

8 is a view showing the structure of a 3D display assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present application and a light path thereof;

Figure 9 is a view showing the structure of the 3D display assembly of Embodiment 2 and its optical path;

Figure 10 is a view showing the structure of the 3D display assembly of Embodiment 3 and its optical path;

Figure 11 is a view showing the structure of a 3D display assembly of Embodiment 4 of the present application and an image thereof;

12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a 3D display assembly of Embodiment 2 of the present application and another perspective of imaging thereof;

FIG. 13 is a view showing an optical path after replacing the spatial light modulation unit in the 3D display component of FIG. 11 with a time division multiplexing spatial light modulation unit;

FIG. 14 shows an optical path diagram after replacing the view separating unit in the 3D display unit of FIG. 11 with the time division multiplexing view separating unit.

Wherein, the above figures include the following reference numerals:

01, display unit; 02, visual separation unit; 03, left eye; 04, right eye; 05, virtual image; 06, focus point; 1, display unit; 2, spatial light modulation unit; 3, visual separation unit; 10, a predetermined area; 11, a pixel group; 110, a pixel row; 111, a red sub-pixel; 112, a green sub-pixel; 113, a blue sub-pixel; 114, a first pixel row; 115, a second pixel row; a third pixel row; 20, a modulation module; 21, a first modulation module; 22, a second modulation module; 23, a third modulation module; 100, a first visible area; 101, a first predetermined area; 102, a second a predetermined area; 103, a third predetermined area; 200, a second visible area; 300, a third visible area; 400, a left eye; 500, a right eye; 600, a viewer; 700, a first image; Two images; 900, third image.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide a further description of the application. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise indicated.

It is to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular " " " " " " There are features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It is understood that when an element (such as a layer, a film, a region, or a substrate) is described as being "on" another element, the element may be directly on the other element or the intermediate element may be present. Furthermore, in the specification and the claims below, when an element is "connected" to another element, the element can be "directly connected" to the other element or "electrically connected" to the other One component.

As described in the background art, the prior art super multi-view display technology has low viewing freedom and the formed depth of field is too small. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application proposes a 3D display component.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a 3D display assembly is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the 3D display assembly includes a display unit 1, a spatial light modulation unit 2, and a view separation unit 3.

The display unit 1 includes at least two pixel groups 11, each of the pixel groups 11 includes a plurality of pixel rows 110, each of the pixel rows 110 includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a row at intervals; the spatial light modulation unit 2 is disposed on the display On one side of the unit 1, the spatial light modulation unit 2 modulates the light emitted by the plurality of pixel groups 11 into different predetermined regions 10 by using the modulation module 20, and each of the predetermined regions 10 is located away from the spatial light modulation unit 2 One side of the display unit 1 and the predetermined area 10 corresponding to at least two of the above-mentioned pixel groups 11 do not overlap in the first direction. There are two cases of non-coincidence, one is partial overlap, and the other is not coincident. The first direction is a direction from the display unit 1 to the spatial light modulation unit 2; the view separation unit 3 is disposed on a side of the spatial light modulation unit 2 remote from the display unit 1 And each of the predetermined regions 10 is located between the view separating unit 3 and the spatial light modulation unit 2.

In the above 3D display assembly, the display unit includes a plurality of pixel groups, and the light emitted by the different pixel groups is modulated to different predetermined regions by the spatial light modulation unit, thereby forming a space between the spatial light modulation unit and the view separation unit. a plurality of virtual display screens, wherein the plurality of virtual display screens do not overlap in the first direction, and the image lights of the plurality of different positions of the virtual display screen pass through the view separating unit to form at least two heights different from the distance of the view separating unit Density view point of view.

It should be noted that the foregoing display unit actually includes a plurality of sequentially arranged pixel rows, and the pixel groups are artificially divided, that is, when the spatial light modulation unit modulates a plurality of pixel rows to the same predetermined region, the pixel rows are Form a pixel group.

In an embodiment of the present application, the spatial light modulation unit 2 includes at least two modulation modules 20, and each of the modulation modules 20 is configured to use a corresponding one or more of the foregoing pixel groups 11 in order to further improve viewing freedom and depth of field. The emitted light is modulated into the corresponding predetermined area 10 described above.

Each of the modulation modules 20 is configured to modulate the light emitted by the corresponding one or more of the foregoing pixel groups 11 into the corresponding predetermined area 10, and at least includes the following cases: First, a modulation module sends out a pixel group. Light modulating into a corresponding predetermined area; secondly, a modulation module can modulate light emitted by one pixel group to different predetermined areas at different times, specifically: at a first moment, the modulation module will have a pixel group The emitted light is modulated into a first predetermined area, and at a second time, the modulation module modulates light emitted by one pixel group into a second predetermined area, and the first predetermined area does not coincide with the second predetermined area; A modulation module can simultaneously modulate light emitted by a plurality of pixel groups into the same predetermined area; and fourth, a modulation module modulates different pixel groups into different predetermined areas at different times, specifically: At the first moment, the modulation module modulates the plurality of pixel groups into the first predetermined area, and at the second time, the modulation module adjusts the plurality of pixel groups Going to the second predetermined area, and the pixel group corresponding to the first time is the same as the pixel group corresponding to the second time, the first predetermined area and the second predetermined area are not coincident; and the fifth type is modulated at the first time The module modulates at least one pixel group into the first predetermined area, and at the second time, the modulation module modulates the other pixel groups into the second predetermined area, and the pixel group corresponding to the first time corresponds to the second time The group of pixels is at least partially different, and the first predetermined area does not coincide with the second predetermined area.

In an embodiment of the present application, any two adjacent pixel rows 110 in any one of the pixel groups 11 have the same interval, and the pixel rows 110 in the other pixel groups 11 are disposed in each of the intervals. The number of the pixel rows 110 in the above interval is the same. This can further ensure that the display component has a better display effect.

The above-mentioned "the spacing of any two adjacent pixel rows 110 in any one of the above-mentioned pixel groups 11 is the same" has two meanings, the meaning of the first layer, and any two adjacent pixel rows in the same pixel group. The intervals of 110 are the same; the second layer means that the intervals of any two adjacent pixel rows 110 are the same in different pixel groups. For example, the 3D display component includes two pixel groups, which are the first pixel group and the second pixel group respectively. Then, the first layer means that the interval between any adjacent two pixel rows in the first pixel group is the same; The second layer means that the interval between any adjacent pixel rows in the first pixel group is the same as the interval between any two adjacent pixel rows in the second pixel group.

Therefore, "the pixel rows 110 in the other pixel groups 11 are disposed in each of the above intervals, and the number of the pixel rows 110 in the respective intervals is the same". Of course, the two layers are also included, and one layer is the same pixel group. The number of pixel rows of other pixel groups in the interval of any two adjacent pixel rows 110 is the same; the second layer means that the pixel rows of other pixel groups in the interval in different pixel groups The number is the same.

In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3, in the display unit 1, the spacing between any two adjacent pixel rows 110 is L, and any two adjacent pixels 110 are adjacent. The pitch of the above sub-pixels is W, L=3W, that is, the interval between two adjacent sub-pixels in the longitudinal direction is three times the interval in the lateral direction.

In order to further improve the viewing degree of freedom and increase the depth of field, and at the same time ensure that the display component has a higher vertical resolution, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5, any adjacent one of the above display units 1 The spacing between the pixel rows 110 is L, and the spacing between any two adjacent sub-pixels in each of the pixel rows 110 is W, L=W, that is, the interval between two adjacent sub-pixels in the vertical direction is equal to the horizontal direction. Interval. This embodiment can also be seen as inserting two rows of pixels between any adjacent rows of pixels of FIG.

Of course, in the display unit in the present application, the relationship between the pitch L between any adjacent pixel rows and the pitch W of any two adjacent sub-pixels in each of the pixel rows 110 is not limited to the above two types. It also includes other various relationships, such as L=3W/2, as shown in Figure 4. Yes, L = 3W/N, where N = 1, 2 or 3.

In still another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5, the display unit 1 includes three pixel groups 11 respectively, which are a first pixel group, a second pixel group, and a third pixel group, and the first pixel group. The pixel row 110 is the first pixel row 114, the pixel row 110 in the second pixel group is the second pixel row 115, and the pixel row 110 in the third pixel group is the third pixel row 116, any One second pixel row 115 and one third pixel row 116 are disposed in the interval between two adjacent first pixel rows 114. In this way, the light emitted by the three pixel groups can be modulated into at least three non-coincident predetermined regions by the modulation module in the spatial light modulation unit, that is, at least three virtual display screens are formed, and the visual separation unit combines the three virtual images. The display screen is separately modulated into different visible areas to form at least three visible areas, so that the viewer can view the image in a larger area, that is, the viewing freedom of the viewer is improved; The visible area makes the depth of the image larger, so that the image viewed by the viewer is more spatial and the 3D experience is better.

In order to further improve the resolution of the display component, thereby further enhancing the viewing experience of the viewer, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5, any two adjacent first pixel rows 114 are different in pixel composition. The pixel row 110 is adjacent to the first pixel row 114, the second pixel row 115, and the third pixel row 116 are the same pixel row 110.

It should be pointed out that, in the case of no special explanation, the above-mentioned "pixel composition" refers to the type and arrangement order of pixels, and the same pixel composition means that the types and arrangement order of pixels are the same, and the difference in pixel composition refers to the type and arrangement of pixels. There is at least one difference in the order.

In order to further ensure that the spatial light modulation unit can modulate the light emitted by the three different pixel groups into at least three different predetermined regions, further ensuring that the 3D display group will have greater viewing freedom and a larger depth of field, such as As shown in FIG. 6, in an embodiment of the present application, the spatial light modulation unit 2 includes three modulation modules 20, which are a first modulation module 21, a second modulation module 22, and a third modulation module 23, respectively. The modulation module 20 modulates the light emitted by the three pixel groups 11 into the three predetermined regions 10 one by one, and the three predetermined regions 10 are spaced apart in the first direction.

Taking the modulation module as a cylindrical lens array as an example, as shown in FIG. 6, the lens array includes a plurality of lenticular lenses, and the plurality of lenticular lenses are divided into a first modulation module 21, a second modulation module 22, and a third according to a refractive index. Modulation module 23. Each lenticular lens corresponds to one pixel row, and three modulation modules correspond to three pixel groups, and the specific correspondence is shown in the figure. As shown in FIG. 7, the modulation module is configured to modulate pixels at corresponding positions to different positions from the view separating element to form virtual display units at different positions, specifically: a modulation module with a refractive index of n1 will display all the pixels on the display unit. A pixel row 114 is modulated into the first predetermined region 101 from the view separating element dl to form a virtual display screen of the first pixel row 114 at a position d1 from the view separating element; a modulation module having a refractive index of n2 Modulating all of the second pixel rows 115 on the display unit into the second predetermined area 102 from the view separating element d2, thereby forming a virtual display screen of the second pixel row 115 at a position d2 from the view separating element; The modulation module having a refractive index of n3 modulates all of the third pixel rows 116 on the display unit into the third predetermined region 103 from the view separating element d3, thereby forming a third pixel at a position d3 from the view separating element The virtual display of line 116. After the images on the three virtual display screens pass through the view separating elements, the first image 700, the second image 800 and the third image 900 are respectively formed at different positions on the other side of the view separating element, thereby increasing the 3D effect. .

The modulation module of the present application may be any one of the prior art that can modulate light to a predetermined area. A person skilled in the art can select a suitable structure as the modulation module of the present application according to actual conditions.

In an embodiment of the present application, the modulation module includes a lens array modulation module and/or a grating array modulation module. That is, the modulation module may be a lens array modulation module or a grating array modulation module, and may also include a lens array modulation module and a grating array modulation module.

In order to further increase the viewing degree of freedom in the vertical direction (ie, the direction perpendicular to the display surface) and the depth of field of the image, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 9, the modulation module 20 is adjustable in refractive index. Modulation module 20. That is, the refractive index of the modulation module can be switched, and the refractive indices are different at different times, so that the light emitted by the same pixel group or different pixel groups can be modulated to different predetermined regions at different times to obtain at least two virtual The display screen obtains at least two viewing zones through the view separating unit. That is, the technical solution modulates the light emitted by the pixel group into at least two predetermined regions by using a time division multiplexing technique.

In still another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 10, the above-described view separating unit 3 is a view separating unit 3 whose index of refraction is adjustable. That is, the refractive index of the visual separation unit can be switched, and the refractive indices are different at different times, so that the light emitted by the same virtual display screen or different virtual display screens can be modulated into different visible areas at different times. , get at least two viewable areas. That is, the technical solution utilizes time division multiplexing technology to modulate the light emitted by the virtual display screen into at least two visible areas.

In still another embodiment of the present application, the sub-pixel is a square sub-pixel, and the sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel 111, a green sub-pixel 112, or a blue sub-pixel 113. The pixel row 110 includes the red sub-pixel 111, At least two of the green sub-pixel 112 or the blue sub-pixel 113 described above.

The display unit of the present application may be any display unit in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable display unit according to actual conditions. For example, one or more of LCD, LED, OLED, Micro LED, Micro OLED, and microdisplay array may be selected to form the display unit of the present application.

The view separating unit of the present application may be any available view separating unit in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art may select a suitable view separating unit according to actual conditions as long as it can convert 2D image light into The stereo image can be displayed. For example, the view separation unit may be a lens array such as a lenticular array or a microlens array, or may be a grating array such as a barrier or a pinhole array.

For the naked eye display area, a high resolution display window is required. When combined with the human eye tracking technology, high-density viewpoint display can be formed only in the binocular range by controlling the corresponding pixel illumination, which can reduce the requirement for high resolution of the display window.

For the near-eye display field, the display window can be designed as a transparent structure to facilitate external light entering the human eye, which can be used in the AR field, and can be applied to the VR field when the display window is designed as an opaque structure.

Viewing degree of freedom means that the viewer can clearly see the range of distances corresponding to the image displayed by the 3D display component, and the depth of field refers to the width of the displayed image in the direction perpendicular to the display surface.

The "vertical direction" of the present application means a direction perpendicular to the display surface, unless otherwise specified.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

The structure of the display component and the optical path diagram are as shown in FIG. 8 , wherein the display unit is an LCD panel, and its specific structure is shown in FIG. 5; the spatial light modulator includes three modulation modules, and each modulation module is a lens array. Each lens array includes a plurality of spaced apart lenticular lenses, as shown in FIG. 6; the view separation unit is a lenticular array structure.

The three modulation modules of the spatial light modulation unit modulate the light emitted by the three pixel groups in the display unit into three predetermined areas, namely three virtual display screens, and the light emitted by the three virtual display screens is modulated by the visual separation unit. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, three visible areas are respectively reached, and the three visible areas are the first visible area 100, the second visible area 200 and the third visible area 300, respectively.

Since the diameter of the pupil of the human eye is about 5 mm under normal conditions, P in Fig. 8 indicates the distance between the viewpoints, and the distances of the three virtual displays corresponding to the viewpoints are P1 = 1 mm, P2 = 2.5 mm and P3 = 4 mm, respectively, to ensure at least There are two viewpoints that enter the pupil of a single person at the same time. In Fig. 8, at least two viewpoints enter the pupil of the left eye 400 of the person, and at least two viewpoints enter the pupil of the right eye 500 of the person. The other optical parameters are set to LCD panel pixel pitch p=12.75um, and the cylindrical lens focal length f=5mm.

According to the similar triangle formula:

Dn’/dn=P/p (1)

According to the imaging formula:

1/dn+1/dn’=1/f (2)

In the formulas (1) and (2), n = 1, 2 or 3, i.e., dn is d1, d2 or d3, and dn' is d1', d2' or d3'. From the formulas (1), (2), P1, P2, and P3, the positions of the visible regions corresponding to the three virtual display screens can be calculated to be approximately d1' = 394 mm, d2' = 985 mm, and d3' = 1574 mm. The virtual surface position is approximately d1=5.06 mm, d2=5.03 mm, and d3=5.01 mm. Therefore, three distance position visible areas can be formed in the direction perpendicular to the display surface, and each area is a high density viewpoint display. This design can increase the viewing freedom of the viewer 600 in the vertical direction.

Example 2

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the modulation module in the spatial light modulation unit is a modulation module of a switchable mode, that is, a modulation module with an adjustable refractive index, and the three modulation modules use a time division multiplexing technique to display three pixels in the display unit. The light emitted by the group is modulated into more predetermined areas (greater than 3 predetermined areas) as shown in FIG. 9, so that the viewing degree of freedom in the vertical direction (in the direction of the vertical display surface) can be further increased.

Example 3

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the view separation unit is a view separation unit with adjustable refractive index, that is, the column mirror array structure is adjustable in refractive index, and the view separation unit uses time division multiplexing technology to display three virtual display screens. The image is modulated into more visible areas (greater than 3 visible areas), as shown in Figure 10, thereby further increasing the viewing freedom in the vertical direction (in the direction of the vertical display surface), which is convenient Many people watch.

Example 4

The structure of the display component and the optical path diagram are as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, wherein the display unit is an LCD panel, and the specific structure thereof is shown in FIG. 5; the spatial light modulator includes three modulation modules, and each modulation module is The lens array includes a plurality of spaced apart lenticular lenses, as shown in FIG. 6; the view separating unit is a microlens array structure.

The pitch of any two adjacent sub-pixels in the LCD panel is designed to be p=12.75 μm, the focal length f=2 mm, and the microlens pitch P0=0.1 mm. The distance between the positions of the three virtual display screens imaged by the spatial light modulator of the LCD panel from the microlens array structure is d1=2.03mm, d2=2.02mm, d3=2.01mm, and the virtual display screen is arranged through the microlens. The resulting central depth plane positions are d1', d2', d3', respectively.

According to the imaging formula (2) in the above-described Embodiment 1, d1' = 135 mm, d2' = 202 mm, and d3' = 402 mm are obtained.

The depth of field calculation formula is:

DOF=2dn*P0/p (3)

In the formula (3), wherein n=1, 2 or 3, that is, dn is d1, d2 or d3. According to formula (3), it can be calculated that the depth of field corresponding to each virtual display screen is approximately DOF1=31.8 mm, and the width of the first image 700 in the direction perpendicular to the display surface is 31.8 mm, DOF2=31.7 mm, and the second image The width of 800 in the direction perpendicular to the display surface is 31.7 mm, DOF3 = 31.5 mm, and the width of the third image 900 in the direction perpendicular to the display surface is 31.5 mm. The overall depth of field range DOF _total = d3 ' + DOF3 / 2 - (d1 ' - DOF 1/2) ≈ 299 mm, so that the depth of field has been improved.

Example 5

The difference from Embodiment 4 is that the modulation module in the spatial light modulation unit is a modulation module of a switchable mode, that is, a modulation module with an adjustable refractive index, and the three modulation modules use a time division multiplexing technique to display three pixels in the display unit. The light emitted by the group is modulated into more predetermined areas (greater than 3 predetermined areas) as shown in FIG. 13, so that the depth of field can be further increased.

Example 6

The difference from Embodiment 4 is that the view separation unit is a view separation unit with adjustable refractive index, that is, the column mirror array structure is adjustable in refractive index, and the view separation unit uses time division multiplexing technology to display three virtual display screens. The image is modulated into more visible areas (greater than 3 visible areas) as shown in Figure 14, thereby further increasing the depth of field.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

In the 3D display component of the present application, the display unit includes a plurality of pixel groups, and the light emitted by the different pixel groups is modulated by the spatial light modulation unit to different predetermined regions, thereby being between the spatial light modulation unit and the visual separation unit. Forming a plurality of virtual display screens, and the plurality of virtual display screens do not coincide in the first direction, and the image lights of the plurality of different positions of the virtual display screen pass through the view separating unit to form a high-density viewpoint different from the distance of the view separating unit The viewing area increases the viewer's viewing freedom and also increases the depth of field of the scene.

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

A 3D display component, wherein the 3D display component comprises:

The display unit (1) includes at least two pixel groups (11), each of the pixel groups (11) each includes a plurality of pixel rows (110), each of the pixel rows (110) including a plurality of sub-spaced sub-arrays Pixel

a spatial light modulation unit (2) disposed on one side of the display unit (1), the spatial light modulation unit (2) modulating light emitted by a plurality of the pixel groups (11) by using a modulation module (20) In a different predetermined area (10), each of the predetermined areas (10) is located on a side of the spatial light modulation unit (2) remote from the display unit (1), and at least two of the pixel groups ( 11) the corresponding predetermined area (10) does not coincide in a first direction, the first direction being a direction from the display unit (1) to the spatial light modulation unit (2);

a view separating unit (3) disposed on a side of the spatial light modulation unit (2) remote from the display unit (1), and each of the predetermined areas (10) is located in the view separating unit (3) ) between the spatial light modulation unit (2).
The 3D display assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that said spatial light modulation unit (2) comprises at least two said modulation modules (20), each of said modulation modules (20) being used for a corresponding one Or light emitted by the plurality of pixel groups (11) is modulated into the corresponding predetermined area (10).
The 3D display component according to claim 2, wherein any two adjacent pixel rows (110) of any one of the pixel groups (11) have the same interval, and each of the intervals is provided with The pixel rows (110) in the other pixel groups (11) and the number of the pixel rows (110) in each of the intervals are the same.
The 3D display component according to claim 3, wherein in the display unit (1), a spacing between any two adjacent pixel rows (110) is L, and each of the pixel rows ( 110) The spacing of two adjacent sub-pixels adjacent to each other is W, L=3W.
The 3D display component according to claim 3, wherein in the display unit (1), a spacing between any adjacent pixel rows (110) is L, and each of the pixel rows (110) The spacing between two adjacent sub-pixels of any one of them is W, L=W.
The 3D display component according to claim 5, wherein the display unit (1) comprises three of the pixel groups (11), which are a first pixel group, a second pixel group and a third pixel group, respectively. The pixel row (110) in the first pixel group is a first pixel row (114), and the pixel row (110) in the second pixel group is a second pixel row (115), The pixel row (110) in the third pixel group is a third pixel row (116), and one of the second pixel rows is disposed in an interval between any two adjacent first pixel rows (114) ( 115) with one of said third pixel rows (116).
The 3D display component according to claim 6, wherein any two adjacent first pixel rows (114) are pixel rows (110) having different pixel compositions, adjacent to each other and sequentially arranged. The first pixel row (114), the second pixel row (115), and the third pixel row (116) are the pixel rows (110) having the same pixel composition.
The 3D display assembly according to claim 6, wherein the spatial light modulation unit (2) comprises three of the modulation modules (20), and the three modulation modules (20) are corresponding to each other in three The light emitted by the pixel group (11) is modulated into three of the predetermined regions (10), and the three predetermined regions (10) are spaced apart in the first direction.
The 3D display assembly of claim 1 wherein the modulation module (20) comprises a lens array modulation module and/or a raster array modulation module.
The 3D display assembly of claim 1 wherein said modulation module (20) is a modulation module (20) having an adjustable refractive index.
The 3D display assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the view separating unit (3) is a view separation unit (3) having an adjustable refractive index.