CN108563028A - 3d display component - Google Patents
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- CN108563028A CN108563028A CN201711480864.8A CN201711480864A CN108563028A CN 108563028 A CN108563028 A CN 108563028A CN 201711480864 A CN201711480864 A CN 201711480864A CN 108563028 A CN108563028 A CN 108563028A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of 3D display components.The 3D display component includes：Display unit, including at least two pixel groups, each pixel groups include multiple pixel columns, and each pixel column includes multiple sub-pixels being sequentially arranged at intervals；Spatial light modulation unit, it is arranged in the side of display unit, in the light modulation to different presumptive areas that spatial light modulation unit is sent out multiple pixel groups using modulation module, each presumptive area is located at the side of the separate display unit of spatial light modulation unit, and at least two the corresponding presumptive area of pixel groups it is misaligned in a first direction, first direction is from the direction of display unit pointing space light-modulating cell；What comes into a driver's separative element is arranged in the side of the separate display unit of spatial light modulation unit, and each presumptive area is between what comes into a driver's separative element and spatial light modulation unit.The 3D display component of the application can promote viewing freedom, and increase the depth of field.
Description
Technical field
This application involves 3D display fields, in particular to a kind of 3D display component.
Background technology
Traditional 3D display technology is due to lacking enough Depth cues, so as to cause visual fatigue.People's perceived depth
Information usually passes through four factors：Convergence, binocular parallax, motion parallax and focusing.
Traditional 3D display technology includes that spectacle binocular parallax is shown, naked eye type binocular parallax is shown and multiple views are aobvious
Show, these display technologies lead to not realize true 3D viewing effects due to motion parallax deficiency.
Traditional 3D display technology generates 3D display effect by forming different anaglyphs in the right and left eyes of people, when
When human eye watches 3D rendering, focusing (accomodation) depth generated is adjusted always on fixed display screen by crystalline lens,
And convergence (vergence) depth generated by eye motion can change with the spatial position of 3D objects, this results in gathering
Depth of focus degree and convergence depth are inconsistent, and vision influx is caused to adjust collision problem (accommodation-vergence
conflict)。
Multiple views display technology only works as eye since viewpoint spacing is usually designed to two interocular distances or the half of this distance
When eyeball is moved to next visible area, retinal images can just change, this causes motion parallax discontinuous, so cannot achieve
True 3D viewing effects.
Collision problem is adjusted to solve vision influx in traditional 3D display technology, realizes true 3D viewing effects, Japan
The researcher of Tokyo University proposes super multiple views display technology.So-called super multiple views (super multi-view) display
Technology, you can generate intensive visible area (viewpoint).So-called intensive, i.e., adjacent visual area (viewpoint) is smaller than pupil of human
Diameter, as shown in Figure 1, the display module includes display unit 01 and what comes into a driver's separative element 02, the image that display unit 01 is shown
It is incident in left eye 03 and the right eye 04 of people by what comes into a driver's resolution element 02, and at least two visible area (viewpoint)
Enter the pupil of single eyes simultaneously, therefore there are two certain point (the i.e. focus points that above light passes through 3D rendering in space
06) single pupil and is entered simultaneously, and such viewer can focus on this point of 3D rendering in space and no longer as traditional 3D
It can only be focused in display technology on a display screen, collision problem is adjusted to solve the vision influx of traditional 3D display technology.
Since visible area (viewpoint) is smaller than pupil diameter, so when human eye moves, the variation of retinal images is also smooth nothing
Jump, so super multiple views, which are shown, can provide continuous motion parallax, realize true 3D viewing effects, the display module
Middle human eye sees the virtual image 05 of object.
Although super multiple views display technology can solve vision influx and adjust collision problem well, the shortcomings that this technology
It is that viewing freedom is not high, is formed by that the depth of field is too small, and resolution ratio is relatively low.According to its prototype parameter, visible area can only
It is fixed on the range away from display screen 350mm, is 12.75um according to other parameters such as pel spacing, cylindrical mirror focal length is 1.7mm, face
Plate is 1.72mm apart from lens spacing, can calculate its depth of field about 25mm.
Invention content
The main purpose of the application is to provide a kind of 3D display component, be shown with solving super multiple views in the prior art
The viewing freedom of technology is not high, the too small problem of the depth of field of formation.
To achieve the goals above, this application provides a kind of 3D display component, which includes：Display is single
Member, including at least two pixel groups, each above-mentioned pixel groups include multiple pixel columns, each above-mentioned pixel column include it is multiple successively
Spaced sub-pixel；Spatial light modulation unit is arranged in the side of above-mentioned display unit, above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit
In the light modulation to different presumptive areas for being sent out multiple above-mentioned pixel groups using modulation module, each above-mentioned presumptive area position
In the side far from above-mentioned display unit of above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit, and at least two above-mentioned pixel groups are corresponding above-mentioned
Presumptive area is misaligned in a first direction, and above-mentioned first direction is to be directed toward above-mentioned space light modulation list from above-mentioned display unit
The direction of member；What comes into a driver's separative element is arranged in the side far from above-mentioned display unit of above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit, and respectively
Above-mentioned presumptive area is between above-mentioned what comes into a driver's separative element and above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit.
Further, above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit includes at least two modulation modules, and each above-mentioned modulation module is used for will
In the light modulation to corresponding above-mentioned presumptive area that the corresponding above-mentioned pixel groups of one or more are sent out.
Further, the interval of two above-mentioned pixel columns of the arbitrary neighborhood in any one above-mentioned pixel groups is identical, respectively
The number of the above-mentioned pixel column and the above-mentioned pixel column in each above-mentioned interval that are provided in above-mentioned interval in other above-mentioned pixel groups
It is identical.
Further, in above-mentioned display unit, the spacing between two above-mentioned pixel columns of arbitrary neighborhood is L, each above-mentioned
The spacing of two above-mentioned sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood is W, L=3W in pixel column.
Further, in above-mentioned display unit, the spacing between the above-mentioned pixel column of arbitrary neighborhood is L, each above-mentioned pixel
The spacing of two above-mentioned sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood is W, L=W in row.
Further, above-mentioned display unit include three above-mentioned pixel groups, be respectively the first pixel groups, the second pixel groups with
Third pixel groups, above-mentioned the first pixel column of pixel behavior in above-mentioned first pixel groups, the above-mentioned picture in above-mentioned second pixel groups
The second pixel column of plain behavior, the above-mentioned pixel behavior third pixel column in above-mentioned third pixel groups, two of arbitrary neighborhood are above-mentioned
There are one above-mentioned second pixel column and an above-mentioned third pixel columns for setting in the interval of first pixel column.
Further, two of arbitrary neighborhood above-mentioned first pixel behavior pixel groups are at different above-mentioned pixel columns, mutually
It is adjacent and be arranged in order above-mentioned first pixel column, above-mentioned second pixel column with above-mentioned third pixel behavior pixel groups at identical
Above-mentioned pixel column.
Further, above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit includes three above-mentioned modulation modules, and three above-mentioned modulation modules are one by one
In the corresponding light modulation to three above-mentioned presumptive areas for sending out three above-mentioned pixel groups, three above-mentioned presumptive areas are above-mentioned
Setting is spaced on first direction.
Further, above-mentioned modulation module includes lens array column modulation module and/or grating array formula modulation module.
Further, above-mentioned modulation module is the adjustable modulation module of refractive index.
Further, above-mentioned what comes into a driver's separative element is the adjustable what comes into a driver's separative element of refractive index.
Using the technical solution of the application, display unit includes multiple pixel groups, will not by spatial light modulation unit
With the light modulation that sends out of pixel groups arrive different presumptive areas, to spatial light modulation unit and what comes into a driver's separative element it
Between form multiple virtual displays, and multiple virtual displays are misaligned in a first direction, and multiple and different positions are virtually shown
The image light of screen forms from what comes into a driver's separative element apart from different high density viewpoint visible areas, increases after what comes into a driver's separative element
The viewing freedom of viewer is added, and the depth of field of scene can also be increased.
Specifically：The image light of different virtual displays is formed after what comes into a driver's separative element at different distance position
Corresponding high density viewpoint visible area, multiple virtual displays combine to improve the viewing freedom of vertical direction, and each
Visible area keeps high density viewpoint to show, enhances 3D display effect.
For increasing depth of field function：The image light of different virtual displays is after what comes into a driver's separative element, in different distance
Corresponding stereoscopically displaying images are formed at position, multiple virtual display combinations show to form big depth of field light field, it is possible to increase
Watch the depth of field of scene.
For bore hole display type, this scheme can allow human eye tracer technique, pass through the position of real-time tracing human eye, control
Respective pixel shines so that forms high density viewpoint only at people's eyes position range and shows that is, viewpoint is smaller than human eye pupil
The display of bore dia so that at least there are two viewpoints to enter pupil simultaneously.By arranging in pairs or groups, human eye tracer technique can be reduced to display
The requirement of window resolution.
For nearly eye display type, since human eye is fixed relative to screen position, so without human eye tracking of arranging in pairs or groups
Technology can realize that high density viewpoint shows that the device can be used for the fields AR VR in eyes range.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows a kind of index path of display module in the prior art；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagrames of a kind of structure of the 3D display component of embodiment of the application offer and its light path；
Fig. 3 shows the structural schematic diagram for the display unit that a kind of embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 4 shows the structural schematic diagram for the display unit that another embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 5 shows the structural schematic diagram of the display unit in Fig. 2；
Fig. 6 shows the structural schematic diagram of display unit shown in fig. 5 and corresponding spatial light modulation unit；
Fig. 7 shows 3D display component shown in Fig. 2 and the schematic diagram of its imaging；
Fig. 8 shows the structure of the 3D display component of embodiments herein 1 and the schematic diagram of its light path；
Fig. 9 shows the structure of the 3D display component of embodiment 2 and the schematic diagram of its light path；
Figure 10 shows the structure of the 3D display component of embodiment 3 and the schematic diagram of its light path；
Figure 11 shows the structure of the 3D display component of embodiments herein 4 and the schematic diagram of its imaging；
Figure 12 shows the structure of the 3D display component of embodiments herein 2 and showing for its another visual angle being imaged
It is intended to；
Figure 13 shows that the spatial light modulation unit in the 3D display component by Figure 11 replaces with time division multiplexing spatial light tune
Index path after unit processed；And
It is single that Figure 14 shows that the what comes into a driver's separative element in the 3D display component by Figure 11 replaces with time division multiplexing what comes into a driver's separation
Index path after member.
Wherein, above-mentioned attached drawing includes the following drawings label：
01, display unit；02, what comes into a driver's separative element；03, left eye；04, right eye；05, the virtual image；06, focus point；1, it shows
Unit；2, spatial light modulation unit；3, what comes into a driver's separative element；10, presumptive area；11, pixel groups；110, pixel column；111, red
Sub-pixels；112, green sub-pixels；113, blue subpixels；114, the first pixel column；115, the second pixel column；116,
Three pixel columns；20, modulation module；21, the first modulation module；22, the second modulation module；23, third modulation module；100,
One visible area；101, the first presumptive area；102, the second presumptive area；103, third presumptive area；200, the second visible area；
300, third visible area；400, left eye；500, right eye；600, viewer；700, the first image；800, the second image；900,
Three images.
Specific implementation mode
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific implementation mode, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular shape
Formula is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification use term "comprising" and/or
When " comprising ", existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof are indicated.
It should be understood that when element (such as layer, film, region or substrate) is described as in another element "upper", this yuan
Part can be directly on another element, or intermediary element also may be present.Moreover, in specification and following claim
In book, when description has element " connected " to another element, which " can be directly connected to " to another element, or pass through
Third element " electrical connection " is to another element.
As background technology is introduced, the viewing freedom of super multiple views display technology in the prior art is not high, shape
At the too small problem of the depth of field, in order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes a kind of 3D display components.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, a kind of 3D display component is provided, as shown in Fig. 2, the 3D display
Component includes display unit 1, spatial light modulation unit 2 and what comes into a driver's separative element 3.
Wherein, display unit 1 includes at least two pixel groups 11, and each above-mentioned pixel groups 11 include multiple pixel columns 110,
Each above-mentioned pixel column 110 includes multiple sub-pixels being sequentially arranged at intervals；Spatial light modulation unit 2 is arranged in above-mentioned display list
The side of member 1, above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit 2 are arrived the light modulation that multiple above-mentioned pixel groups 11 are sent out using modulation module 20
In different presumptive areas 10, each above-mentioned presumptive area 10 is located at the separate above-mentioned display unit of above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit 2
1 side, and at least two above-mentioned pixel groups, 11 corresponding above-mentioned presumptive area 10 is misaligned in a first direction, here not
Situation there are two types of overlapping, one is partially overlapping, another kind is the region not overlapped, i.e., complete misaligned, above-mentioned first party
To be directed toward the direction of above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit 2 from above-mentioned display unit 1；What comes into a driver's separative element 3 is arranged in above-mentioned sky
Between light-modulating cell 2 the side far from above-mentioned display unit 1, and each above-mentioned presumptive area 10 is located at the separation of above-mentioned what comes into a driver's singly
Between member 3 and above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit 2.
In above-mentioned 3D display component, display unit includes multiple pixel groups, will be different by spatial light modulation unit
The light modulation that sends out of pixel groups to different presumptive areas, between spatial light modulation unit and what comes into a driver's separative element
Multiple virtual displays are formed, and multiple virtual displays are misaligned in a first direction, multiple and different position virtual displays
Image light after what comes into a driver's separative element, formation can apart from least two different high density viewpoints from what comes into a driver's separative element
Vision area.
Specifically：The image light of different virtual displays is formed after what comes into a driver's separative element at different distance position
Corresponding high density viewpoint visible area, multiple virtual displays combine to improve the viewing freedom of vertical direction, and each
Visible area keeps high density viewpoint to show, enhances 3D display effect.
For increasing depth of field function：The image light of different virtual displays is after what comes into a driver's separative element, in different distance
Corresponding stereoscopically displaying images are formed at position, multiple virtual display combinations show to form big depth of field light field, it is possible to increase
Watch the depth of field of scene.
For bore hole display type, this scheme can allow human eye tracer technique, pass through the position of real-time tracing human eye, control
Respective pixel shines so that forms high density viewpoint only at people's eyes position range and shows that is, viewpoint is smaller than human eye pupil
The display of bore dia so that at least there are two viewpoints to enter pupil simultaneously.By arranging in pairs or groups, human eye tracer technique can be reduced to display
The requirement of window resolution.
It should be noted that above-mentioned display unit includes actually multiple pixel columns being arranged in order, pixel groups are artificial
It divides, i.e., when multiple pixel columns are modulated to the same presumptive area by spatial light modulation unit, these pixel columns are just formed
One pixel groups.
In order to further increase viewing freedom and the depth of field, in a kind of embodiment of the application, above-mentioned space light modulation list
Member 2 includes at least two modulation modules 20, and each above-mentioned modulation module 20 is used for the above-mentioned pixel groups of corresponding one or more 11
In the light modulation sent out to corresponding above-mentioned presumptive area 10.
The light modulation that each above-mentioned modulation module 20 is used to send out the above-mentioned pixel groups of corresponding one or more 11 is to correspondence
Above-mentioned presumptive area 10 in include at least following several situations：The first, a modulation module sends out a pixel groups
In light modulation to a corresponding presumptive area；Second, a modulation module at different times can be by a pixel groups
The light modulation sent out is specifically as follows to different presumptive areas：First moment, modulation module send out a pixel groups
In light modulation to first presumptive area, the second moment, modulation module makes a reservation for the light modulation that a pixel groups are sent out to second
In region, and the first presumptive area and the second presumptive area are misaligned；The third, a modulation module can while will be multiple
In the light modulation that pixel groups are sent out to identical presumptive area；4th kind, a modulation module at different times will be different
Pixel groups are modulated in different presumptive areas, can be specifically：At the first moment, modulation module modulates multiple pixel groups
Into first presumptive area, at the second moment, multiple pixel groups are modulated in second presumptive area by modulation module, and
First moment corresponding pixel groups pixel groups corresponding with the second moment are identical, the first presumptive area and the second fate
Domain is misaligned；5th kind, at the first moment, at least one pixel groups are modulated in first presumptive area by modulation module,
Other pixel groups are modulated in second presumptive area by the second moment, modulation module, and the first moment corresponding pixel groups
Pixel groups corresponding with the second moment are at least partly different, and the first presumptive area and the second presumptive area are misaligned.
In a kind of embodiment of the application, two above-mentioned pixel columns of the arbitrary neighborhood in any one above-mentioned pixel groups 11
110 interval is identical, the above-mentioned pixel column 110 being provided in each above-mentioned interval in other above-mentioned pixel groups 11 and above-mentioned each
The number of above-mentioned pixel column 110 in is identical.It can be further ensured that display module has preferable display effect in this way.
Above-mentioned " interval of two above-mentioned pixel columns 110 of the arbitrary neighborhood in any one above-mentioned pixel groups 11 is identical "
There is a two layers of meaning, first layer meaning, in the same pixel groups, the interval of two above-mentioned pixel columns 110 of arbitrary neighborhood is identical；
Second layer meaning, in different pixel groups, the interval all same of two above-mentioned pixel columns 110 of arbitrary neighborhood.For example, 3D
Display module includes two pixel groups, respectively the first pixel groups and the second pixel groups, then, first layer meaning is the first picture
In plain group, the interval between two pixel columns of arbitrary neighborhood is identical；Second layer meaning is, arbitrary as a in the first pixel groups
Interval between adjacent lines of pixels is identical as the interval between any two adjacent lines of pixels in the second pixel groups.
Therefore, " the above-mentioned pixel column 110 in other above-mentioned pixel groups 11 and each above-mentioned interval are provided in each above-mentioned interval
In above-mentioned pixel column 110 number it is identical " certainly also include two layers of meaning, one layer is, in the same pixel groups, arbitrary phase
The number of the pixel column of other pixel groups in the interval of two adjacent above-mentioned pixel columns 110 is identical；Second layer meaning, not
With pixel groups in interval in the number of pixel column of other pixel groups it is identical.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 3, in above-mentioned display unit 1, two above-mentioned pictures of arbitrary neighborhood
Spacing between plain row 110 is L, and the spacing of two above-mentioned sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood is W, L=in each above-mentioned pixel column 110
3W, i.e., adjacent two sub-pixels are divided into 3 times of the interval in transverse direction between in the longitudinal direction.
In order to further increase viewing freedom and increase the depth of field, also, it is higher to ensure that display module has simultaneously
Vertical resolution, in a kind of embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 5, in above-mentioned display unit 1, the above-mentioned pixel of arbitrary neighborhood
Spacing between row 110 is L, and the spacing of two above-mentioned sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood is W, L=W in each above-mentioned pixel column 110,
The interval of two i.e. adjacent sub-pixels in the longitudinal direction is equal to the interval in transverse direction.The embodiment can also be regarded as will be in Fig. 3
Arbitrary neighborhood pixel column between be inserted into two pixel columns.
Certainly, in the display unit in the application, the spacing L between the pixel column of arbitrary neighborhood and each above-mentioned pixel column
Relationship in 110 between the spacing W of two sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood is not limited to above-mentioned two kinds, further includes that other are a variety of
Relationship, for example, L=3W/2, specific as shown in Figure 4.It is by upper L=3W/N, wherein N=1,2 or 3.
In the another embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 5, above-mentioned display unit 1 includes three above-mentioned pixel groups 11, point
It is not the first pixel groups, the second pixel groups and third pixel groups, the above-mentioned pixel column 110 in above-mentioned first pixel groups is first
Pixel column 114, the above-mentioned pixel column 110 in above-mentioned second pixel groups are the second pixel column 115, in above-mentioned third pixel groups
Above-mentioned pixel column 110 is third pixel column 116, and one is provided in the interval of two above-mentioned first pixel columns 114 of arbitrary neighborhood
A above-mentioned second pixel column 115 and an above-mentioned third pixel column 116.Pass through the modulation mould in spatial light modulation unit in this way
The light that these three pixel groups are sent out can be at least modulated in three misaligned presumptive areas by block, that is, form at least three
Virtual display, what comes into a driver's separative element in being modulated to different visible areas respectively, form these three virtual displays at least
Three visible areas improve the sight of viewer so that viewer can watch image in a region of bigger
See degree of freedom；Meanwhile three visible areas make the depth of field bigger of image, so that the space for the image that viewer watches
Feel stronger, 3D experience effects are more preferable.
In order to further increase the resolution ratio of display module, to further promote the viewing experience effect of viewer, this
Application a kind of embodiment in, as shown in figure 5, two above-mentioned first pixel columns 114 of arbitrary neighborhood be pixel form it is different
Above-mentioned pixel column 110, mutually it is adjacent and be arranged in order above-mentioned first pixel column 114, above-mentioned second pixel column 115 with it is above-mentioned
Third pixel column 116 is that pixel forms identical above-mentioned pixel column 110.
It should be pointed out that in the case of no specified otherwise, above-mentioned " pixel composition " refers to type and the row of pixel
Row sequence, it refers to just the type of pixel and all same that puts in order that pixel, which forms identical, and it refers to just pixel that pixel, which forms difference,
Type from put in order at least one is different.
The light modulation that three different pixel groups can be sent out in order to further ensure spatial light modulation unit is at least
In three different presumptive areas, it is further ensured that the 3D display group will be with larger viewing freedom and larger scape
Deep, as shown in fig. 6, in a kind of embodiment of the application, above-mentioned spatial light modulation unit 2 includes three above-mentioned modulation modules 20,
23 3 respectively the first modulation module 21, the second modulation module 22 and third modulation module above-mentioned modulation modules 20 are one by one
In the corresponding light modulation to three above-mentioned presumptive areas 10 for sending out three above-mentioned pixel groups 11, three above-mentioned presumptive areas 10
Setting is spaced on above-mentioned first direction.
By taking modulation module is column lens array as an example, as shown in fig. 6, lens array includes multiple cylindrical lenses, and
Multiple cylindrical lenses are divided into the first modulation module 21, the second modulation module 22 and third modulation module according to refractive index
23.Each cylindrical lenses correspond to a pixel column, and three modulation modules correspond to three pixel groups, specific corresponding to relationship as schemed
Shown in.As shown in fig. 7, modulation module is used for for the pixel of corresponding position being modulated to the position different away from what comes into a driver's resolution element,
Different location virtual display is formed, specially：Refractive index is the modulation module of n1 by all first pictures on display unit
Plain row 114 is modulated in the first presumptive area 101 that comes into a driver's resolution element is d1, to apart from what comes into a driver's resolution element
The positions d1 at formed the first pixel column 114 virtual display；Refractive index for n2 modulation module by the institute on display unit
There is the second pixel column 115 to be modulated in the second presumptive area 102 that comes into a driver's resolution element is d2, to apart from what comes into a driver's
The virtual display of the second pixel column 115 is formed at the positions d2 of resolution element；The modulation module that refractive index is n3 will show single
All third pixel columns 116 in member are modulated in the third presumptive area 103 that comes into a driver's resolution element is d3, thus
The virtual display of third pixel column 116 is formed at the positions d3 apart from what comes into a driver's resolution element.Figure in three virtual displays
As after what comes into a driver's resolution element, formed on the different location of the other side of what comes into a driver's resolution element respectively the first image 700,
Second image 800 and third image 900, to increase 3D effect.
The modulation module of the application can be that any type in the prior art can be by the knot of light modulation to presumptive area
Structure, those skilled in the art can select suitable structure as the modulation module of the application according to actual conditions.
In a kind of embodiment of the application, above-mentioned modulation module includes lens array column modulation module and/or grating array
Formula modulation module.I.e. the modulation module can be lens array column modulation module, can also be grating array formula modulation module,
Can also include lens array column modulation module and grating array formula modulation module simultaneously.
In order to further increase viewing freedom in vertical direction (i.e. perpendicular to the direction of display surface) and image
The depth of field, in a kind of embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 9, above-mentioned modulation module 20 is the adjustable modulation module of refractive index 20.
I.e. the refractive index of the modulation module can switch, and refractive index at different times is different, so as to will in different moments
It is virtually aobvious to obtain at least two to different presumptive areas for the light modulation that the same pixel groups or different pixel groups are sent out
Display screen obtains at least two visible areas by what comes into a driver's separative element.I.e. the technical solution utilizes time-division multiplex technology by pixel groups
In the light modulation sent out at least two presumptive areas.
In the another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 10, above-mentioned what comes into a driver's separative element 3 is the adjustable what comes into a driver's of refractive index
Separative element 3.I.e. the refractive index of the what comes into a driver's separative element can switch, and refractive index at different times is different, so as to
The light modulation for sending out the same virtual display or different virtual displays in different moments is to different visible areas
In, obtain at least two visible areas.I.e. the technical solution is arrived the light modulation that virtual display is sent out using time-division multiplex technology
In at least two visible areas.
In another embodiment of the application, above-mentioned sub-pixel is square sub-pixel, and above-mentioned sub-pixel is red sub- picture
Element 111, green sub-pixels 112 or blue subpixels 113, above-mentioned pixel column 110 include above-mentioned red sub-pixel 111, on
State at least two in green sub-pixels 112 or above-mentioned blue subpixels 113.
The display unit of the application can be any type display unit in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can be with
Suitable display unit is selected according to actual conditions.Such as LCD, LED, OLED, Micro LED, Micro can be selected
One or more of OLED, micro-display array form the display unit of the application.
The what comes into a driver's separative element of the application can be the available what comes into a driver's separative element of any type in the prior art, ability
Field technique personnel can select the what comes into a driver's separative element of suitable construction according to actual conditions, as long as it can convert 2D image lights
It is shown for stereo-picture.Such as the what comes into a driver's separative element can be lens array such as cylindrical mirror array or lenticule battle array
Row, can also be grating array, such as barrier or pinhole array.
For bore hole display field, high-resolution display window is needed.If arranging in pairs or groups human eye tracer technique, corresponded to by controlling
Pixel light emission realizes that only forming high density viewpoint in people's eyes range shows that this can reduce want high-resolution to display window
It asks.
For nearly eye display field, display window may be designed to transparent configuration to facilitate ambient to enter human eye, this can
For the fields AR, when display window is designed to opaque structure, the fields VR are can be applied to.
Viewing freedom refers to viewer it will be clear that the corresponding distance range of image that 3D display component is shown,
The depth of field refers to the width on the direction perpendicular to display surface of the image of display.
In the typical embodiment of another kind of the application, a kind of display device is provided, which includes 3D aobvious
Show component, which is the above-mentioned 3D display component of any one.
Above-mentioned display device is due to that including above-mentioned 3D display component, can show that big depth of field light field is shown, it is possible to increase
The depth of field of scene is watched, and makes the viewing freedom of viewer larger.
Unless otherwise specified, " vertical direction " of the application is each meant perpendicular to the direction of display surface.
In order to enable those skilled in the art can clearly understand the technical solution of the application, below with reference to tool
The embodiment of body illustrates the technical solution of the application.
Embodiment 1
The structure and index path of the display module are as shown in Figure 8, wherein display unit is LCD panel, specific to tie
Structure is as shown in Figure 5；Spatial light modulator, including three modulation modules, each modulation module are lens array, each lens array packet
Multiple spaced cylindrical lenses are included, may refer to shown in Fig. 6；What comes into a driver's separative element is cylindrical mirror array structure.
The light modulation that three modulation modules of spatial light modulation unit send out three pixel groups in display unit is to three
In a presumptive area, i.e. three virtual displays, the light that three virtual displays are sent out by what comes into a driver's separative element modulation after,
As shown in figure 8, arriving separately at three visible areas, three visible areas are respectively the first visible area 100, the second visible area 200 and
Three visible areas 300.
Since the pupil diameter of human eye under normal circumstances is about 5mm, P indicates viewpoint spacing, three virtual displays in Fig. 8
The corresponding viewpoint spacing that is formed by of screen is respectively P1=1mm, P2=2.5mm and P3=4mm, to ensure that at least there are two viewpoints
Enter in single pupil of human simultaneously.In Fig. 8, at least enter in the pupil of left eye 400 of people there are two viewpoint, at least two
A viewpoint enters in the pupil of right eye 500 of people.Other optical parameters are respectively set as LCD panel pel spacing p=
12.75um, cylindrical mirror focal length f=5mm.
It is obtained according to similar triangles formula：
Dn '/dn=P/p (1)
It is obtained according to imaging formula：
1/dn+1/dn '=1/f (2)
In formula (1) and (2), n=1,2 or 3, i.e. dn are d1, d2 or d3, and dn ' is d1 ', d2 ' or d3 '.By formula
(1), formula (2), P1, P2 and P3 can calculate the visual zone position substantially d1 ' of the corresponding formation of three virtual displays=
394mm, d2 '=985mm, d3 '=1574mm.Its virtual face position substantially d1=5.06mm, d2=5.03mm, d3=
5.01mm.So three distance and position visible areas can be upwardly formed perpendicular to display surface side, and each region is high density
Viewpoint is shown.This design can increase the viewing freedom of viewer 600 in vertical direction.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1 difference lies in：Modulation module in spatial light modulation unit is the modulation module of changeable pattern,
That is the adjustable modulation module of refractive index, three modulation modules utilize time-division multiplex technology by three pixel groups in display unit
In the light modulation sent out to more presumptive areas (being more than 3 presumptive areas), as shown in figure 9, vertical so as to further increase
Viewing freedom of the histogram on (on the direction in vertically displayed face).
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 1 difference lies in：What comes into a driver's separative element is the adjustable what comes into a driver's separative element of refractive index, i.e. cylindrical mirror array
Structure is that refractive index is adjustable, and what comes into a driver's separative element is arrived the image modulation of three virtual displays using time-division multiplex technology
In more visible areas (being more than 3 visible areas), as shown in Figure 10, so as to further increase vertical direction (vertically displayed face
Direction on) on viewing freedom, more people can be facilitated to watch in this way.
Embodiment 4
The structure and index path of the display module are as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, wherein and display unit is LCD panel,
Specific structure is as shown in Figure 5；Spatial light modulator, including three modulation modules, each modulation module is lens array, each
Lens array includes multiple spaced cylindrical lenses, be may refer to shown in Fig. 6；What comes into a driver's separative element is microlens array knot
Structure.
Design p=12.75 μm of the spacing of two sub-pixels of the arbitrary neighborhood in LCD panel, focal length f=2mm, lenticule
Spacing P0=0.1mm.The position of three virtual display of the LCD panel through spatial light modulator imaging is set away from lenticule
The distance of array structure is respectively d1=2.03mm, d2=2.02mm, d3=2.01mm, and virtual display is through lenticule permutation
Formed central depths plan-position is respectively d1 ', d2 ', d3 '.
D1 '=135mm, d2 '=202mm, d3 '=402mm are obtained according to the imaging formula (2) in above-described embodiment 1
Depth of field calculation formula is：
DOF=2dn*P0/p (3)
In formula (3), wherein n=1,2 or 3, i.e. dn are d1, d2 or d3.It can be calculated according to formula (3) each virtual
It is about DOF1=31.8mm, width of first image 700 on the direction vertically with display surface that display screen, which corresponds to the depth of field generated,
It is 31.7mm, DOF3 that degree, which is width of 31.8mm, DOF2=31.7mm, the second image 800 on the direction vertically with display surface,
=31.5mm, width of the third image 900 on the direction vertically with display surface are 31.5mm.Whole field depth DOFAlways=
D3 '+DOF3/2- (d1 '-DOF1/2) ≈ 299mm so that the depth of field is improved.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 4 difference lies in：Modulation module in spatial light modulation unit is the modulation module of changeable pattern,
That is the adjustable modulation module of refractive index, three modulation modules utilize time-division multiplex technology by three pixel groups in display unit
In the light modulation sent out to more presumptive areas (being more than 3 presumptive areas), as shown in figure 13, so as to the further depth of field.
Embodiment 6
With embodiment 4 difference lies in：What comes into a driver's separative element is the adjustable what comes into a driver's separative element of refractive index, i.e. cylindrical mirror array
Structure is that refractive index is adjustable, and what comes into a driver's separative element is arrived the image modulation of three virtual displays using time-division multiplex technology
In more visible areas (being more than 3 visible areas), as shown in figure 14, so as to further increase the depth of field.
It can be seen from the above description that the application the above embodiments realize following technique effect：
1), in the 3D display component of the application, display unit includes multiple pixel groups, will by spatial light modulation unit
The light modulation that different pixel groups are sent out is to different presumptive areas, in spatial light modulation unit and what comes into a driver's separative element
Between form multiple virtual displays, and multiple virtual displays are misaligned in a first direction, and multiple and different positions are virtually shown
The image light of display screen is formed from what comes into a driver's separative element after what comes into a driver's separative element apart from different high density viewpoint visible areas,
The viewing freedom of viewer is increased, and the depth of field of scene can also be increased.
2), the display device of the application, can due to that including above-mentioned 3D display component, can form big depth of field light field and show
Increase the depth of field of viewing scene, and makes the viewing freedom of viewer larger.
The preferred embodiment that above are only the application above, is not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of this application, any made by
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of 3D display component, which is characterized in that the 3D display component includes：
Display unit (1), including at least two pixel groups (11), each pixel groups (11) include multiple pixel columns (110),
Each pixel column (110) includes multiple sub-pixels being sequentially arranged at intervals；
Spatial light modulation unit (2), setting utilize tune in the side of the display unit (1), the spatial light modulation unit (2)
In the light modulation to different presumptive areas (10) that molding block (20) sends out multiple pixel groups (11), each fate
Domain (10) is located at the side far from the display unit (1) of the spatial light modulation unit (2), and at least two pixels
The corresponding presumptive area (10) of group (11) is misaligned in a first direction, and the first direction is from the display unit
(1) it is directed toward the direction of the spatial light modulation unit (2)；And
What comes into a driver's separative element (3) is arranged in the side far from the display unit (1) of the spatial light modulation unit (2), and
Each presumptive area (10) is between the what comes into a driver's separative element (3) and the spatial light modulation unit (2).
2. 3D display component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spatial light modulation unit (2) includes at least
Two modulation modules (20), each modulation module (20) are used to send out the corresponding one or more pixel groups (11)
In the light modulation gone out to the corresponding presumptive area (10).
3. 3D display component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that arbitrary in any one of pixel groups (11)
The interval of two adjacent pixel columns (110) is identical, is provided in each interval in other described pixel groups (11)
The number of the pixel column (110) in the pixel column (110) and each interval is identical.
4. 3D display component according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the display unit (1), the two of arbitrary neighborhood
Spacing between a pixel column (110) is L, two sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood in each pixel column (110)
Spacing is W, L=3W.
5. 3D display component according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the display unit (1), the institute of arbitrary neighborhood
It is L to state spacing between pixel column (110), the spacing of two sub-pixels of arbitrary neighborhood in each pixel column (110)
For W, L=W.
6. 3D display component according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the display unit (1) includes three pictures
Plain group (11) are the first pixel groups, the second pixel groups and third pixel groups, the pixel column in first pixel groups respectively
(110) it is the first pixel column (114), the pixel column (110) in second pixel groups is the second pixel column (115), institute
It is third pixel column (116), two first pixel columns of arbitrary neighborhood to state the pixel column (110) in third pixel groups
(114) there are one second pixel columns (115) and a third pixel column (116) for setting in interval.
7. 3D display component according to claim 6, which is characterized in that two first pixel columns of arbitrary neighborhood
(114) be pixel form the different pixel columns (110), mutually it is adjacent and be arranged in order first pixel column (114),
Second pixel column (115) is that pixel forms the identical pixel column (110) with the third pixel column (116).
8. 3D display component according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the spatial light modulation unit (2) includes three
The modulation module (20), three modulation modules (20) correspond the light modulation for sending out three pixel groups (11)
Into three presumptive areas (10), three presumptive areas (10) are spaced setting in said first direction.
9. 3D display component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the modulation module (20) includes lens array column
Modulation module and/or grating array formula modulation module.
10. 3D display component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the modulation module (20) is that refractive index is adjustable
Modulation module (20).
11. 3D display component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the what comes into a driver's separative element (3) is that refractive index can
The what comes into a driver's separative element (3) of tune.
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| CN201711480864.8A CN108563028A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | 3d display component |
| PCT/CN2018/081395 WO2019127965A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2018-03-30 | 3d display module |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711480864.8A CN108563028A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | 3d display component |
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| CN110879478A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-13 | 四川大学 | Integrated imaging 3D display device based on compound lens array |
| CN111638600A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-08 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Near-to-eye display method and device and wearable device |
| CN114355622A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-04-15 | 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 | Light modulation element, glasses and 3D display system |
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| WO2019127965A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
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