WO2019127099A1 - 一种防倒流装置及发动机egr系统 - Google Patents

一种防倒流装置及发动机egr系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019127099A1
WO2019127099A1 PCT/CN2017/118997 CN2017118997W WO2019127099A1 WO 2019127099 A1 WO2019127099 A1 WO 2019127099A1 CN 2017118997 W CN2017118997 W CN 2017118997W WO 2019127099 A1 WO2019127099 A1 WO 2019127099A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
egr
engine
tapered
backflow device
pipe
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PCT/CN2017/118997
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李卫
刘俊龙
李志杰
潘洁
王作峰
刘春涛
康天钦
Original Assignee
潍柴动力股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 潍柴动力股份有限公司 filed Critical 潍柴动力股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/118997 priority Critical patent/WO2019127099A1/zh
Priority to US16/753,579 priority patent/US11041467B2/en
Priority to EP17936678.6A priority patent/EP3734054A4/en
Publication of WO2019127099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019127099A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/17—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the intake system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10275—Means to avoid a change in direction of incoming fluid, e.g. all intake ducts diverging from plenum chamber at acute angles; Check valves; Flame arrestors for backfire prevention

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of engine exhaust gas recirculation, in particular to an anti-backflow device. It also relates to an engine EGR system including the anti-backflow device.
  • EGR abbreviation of Exhaust Gas Recirculation in English, Chinese name is exhaust gas recirculation
  • This technology can reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas and improve fuel economy.
  • the existing engine EGR system mainly includes an engine, a supercharger, an EGR cooler and an EGR line, and two ends of the EGR line are respectively connected with a turbo front line of the supercharger and an engine intake line, and the EGR cooler is disposed at In the EGR line.
  • each cylinder of the engine completes the exhaust process in sequence to form a discharge pressure wave. This periodic pressure fluctuation is the exhaust pulse, which is in the exhaust pressure wave.
  • the front pressure of the turbine of the wave crest is higher than the intake pressure of the engine.
  • the exhaust pulse Under the action of the exhaust pulse, the EGR pipe takes the exhaust gas from the front line of the turbine, and the exhaust gas enters the engine intake pipe through the EGR pipe and the EGR cooler, and finally Entering the engine cylinder, therefore, the exhaust pulse can be used to achieve a certain EGR rate (the ratio of the amount of recirculated exhaust gas to the total intake air intake cylinder); even in the case of a small intake and exhaust pressure difference, the exhaust is utilized. Pulses can also achieve relatively high EGR rates.
  • the existing EGR system arrangement basically includes that the EGR pipeline includes two or more EGR intake pipes, one end of each EGR intake pipe is connected to one or more engine cylinders, and the other end is merged and connected with the EGR main pipe. The problem with this arrangement is that when one of the EGR intake pipes performs exhaust gas recirculation, the exhaust gas will flow back into the other EGR intake pipe, causing the EGR rate to decrease.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an engine EGR system including the anti-backflow device to prevent backflow of gas in the EGR line, to achieve exhaust gas recirculation under low speed and high torque conditions of the engine, and to improve under other working conditions. EGR rate.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An anti-backflow device comprising one or more tapered rings for being disposed in a pipeline, an outer edge of the tapered ring being connected to an inner wall of the pipeline, and a plurality of the tapered loops
  • the axial arrangement of the tubes, the flow cross section of the tapered ring gradually becoming smaller along the axial direction of the tapered ring.
  • the tapered ring is a non-closed tapered ring having a notch.
  • the tapered ring is an elastic metal tapered ring.
  • the outer edge of the tapered ring is engaged in a card slot on the inner wall of the pipe.
  • a groove surface of the card slot adjacent to the small hole end of the tapered ring is an arc-shaped transition surface, and a large hole of the card slot close to the tapered ring
  • the groove surface on one side of the end is a right angle positioning surface.
  • the spacing between each adjacent two of the tapered rings is greater than or equal to the axial length of the tapered ring.
  • the insert further inserted into the plurality of tapered rings, the length of the insert being greater than or equal to the total length of the arrangement of the tapered rings.
  • the present application also provides an engine EGR system including an engine, an EGR line, and an EGR cooler, the two ends of which are respectively in communication with an intake line of the engine and a cylinder of the engine, the EGR a chiller is disposed in the EGR line, and the EGR line is disposed in a pipe section before the EGR cooler, and further provided with the anti-backflow device according to any one of the above, the tapered ring of the anti-backflow device The flow cross section gradually becomes smaller along the forward moving direction of the gas in the EGR line.
  • the method further includes an EGR valve disposed on the EGR line.
  • the anti-backflow device is further disposed in a pipe section of the EGR main pipe before the EGR cooler.
  • the anti-backflow device in the EGR main road further includes a insert, the insert is inserted into a plurality of tapered rings of the anti-backflow device, and the The length of the tab is greater than or equal to the total length of the arrangement of the plurality of tapered rings that extend to the intersection of the EGR intake tubes.
  • the method further includes an EGR valve disposed on the EGR main line.
  • the anti-backflow device provided by the present invention includes one or more tapered rings for being disposed in the pipeline, and the flow cross section of the tapered ring gradually becomes smaller along the axial direction of the tapered ring.
  • the anti-backflow device can generate different degrees of throttling loss according to different flow directions in the pipe, and the throttling loss is small when the airflow flows in a direction (forward) in which the flow cross-sectional area of the tapered ring becomes smaller;
  • the throttling loss is large, so that the tapered ring can suppress the reverse flow and promote the forward flow when there is a reciprocating flow in the pipe, thereby Prevent gas from flowing back in the pipeline.
  • the engine EGR system provided by the present invention is provided with the anti-backflow device in the EGR pipe, and the flow passage section of the tapered ring of the anti-backflow device gradually becomes smaller along the forward moving direction of the gas in the EGR pipe, and the tapered ring can prevent the gas Recirculation along the EGR line enables exhaust gas recirculation under low engine speed and high torque conditions, and can increase EGR rate under other operating conditions.
  • Another engine EGR system provided by the present invention is that in the EGR intake pipe, the flow cross section of the tapered ring of the anti-backflow device gradually becomes smaller along the forward moving direction of the gas in the EGR intake pipe, and the tapered ring can prevent the gas from being taken along the EGR.
  • the trachea is recirculated, so that the exhaust gas recirculation can be realized under low-speed and high-torque conditions of the engine, and the EGR rate can be improved under other working conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of installation of an anti-backflow device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tapered ring of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mounting structure of an anti-backflow device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the area A in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of connection of another engine EGR system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an arrangement of an anti-backflow device in an engine EGR system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a front view showing an arrangement structure of an anti-backflow device in an engine EGR system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is an engine
  • 2 is an EGR valve
  • 3 is an intercooler
  • 4 is an EGR cooler
  • 5 is an EGR main line
  • 6 is an anti-backflow device
  • 7 is a first EGR intake pipe
  • 8 is a second EGR intake pipe 9 is a turbine
  • 10 is a compressor
  • 11 is a pipeline
  • 12 is an EGR pipeline;
  • 61 is a tapered ring, 611 is a notch, 62 is a tab, and 111 is a card slot.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide an anti-backflow device that prevents gas from flowing back in the pipeline.
  • the present invention also provides an engine EGR system including the anti-backflow device, which can prevent gas from flowing back in the EGR line, achieve exhaust gas recirculation under low-speed and high-torque conditions of the engine, and increase the EGR rate under other operating conditions.
  • the present invention also provides another engine EGR system including the anti-backflow device, which can prevent gas from flowing back in the EGR gas pipe, realize exhaust gas recirculation under low speed and high torque conditions of the engine, and improve EGR rate under other working conditions. .
  • the anti-backflow device 6 can generate different degrees of throttling loss according to different flow directions of the gas in the pipe 11, and throttle when the airflow flows in a direction (forward) in which the flow cross-sectional area of the tapered ring 61 becomes smaller (forward).
  • the loss is small; and when the airflow flows in the direction in which the flow cross section of the tapered ring 61 becomes larger (reverse direction), the throttling loss is large, so that the tapered ring 61 can suppress the reverse flow in the case where the pipe flows reciprocally.
  • the effect of the forward flow is promoted to prevent the gas from flowing back in the line 11.
  • the tapered ring 61 is a non-closed tapered ring having a notch 611.
  • the tapered ring 61 is provided with the notch 611.
  • the tapered ring 61 can also be a closed tapered ring. As long as the material of the tapered ring 61 can adapt to the stress change, the notch 611 can be omitted.
  • the outer edge of the tapered ring 61 is engaged in the card slot 111 on the inner wall of the pipe 11.
  • the tapered rings 61 are pushed into the pipeline 11 one by one, and pushed into the slot 111 for positioning and fixing, which is convenient for installation.
  • the tapered ring 61 can also be fixed to the inner wall of the pipe 11 by welding or bonding.
  • the groove surface of the slot 111 near the small hole end of the tapered ring 61 is an arc-shaped transition surface
  • the groove surface of the slot 111 near the large hole end of the tapered ring 61 is a right-angled positioning surface.
  • the spacing between each adjacent two tapered rings 61 is greater than or equal to the axial length of the tapered ring 61, that is, the distance between two adjacent slots 111 is greater than or equal to a single tapered ring.
  • the axial length of 61 is twice as large as this arrangement to improve the reverse blocking effect of the tapered ring on the fluid.
  • the number of tapered rings 61 needs to be reasonably selected in accordance with the pressure level of the line 11 and the degree of backflow.
  • the backflow prevention device 6 further includes a tab 62 that is inserted into the plurality of tapered rings 61.
  • the length of the insert 62 is greater than or equal to the total arrangement of the tapered rings 61. For both lengths, the ends of the tab 62 project from the two outermost tapered rings 61.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an engine EGR system including an engine 1, an EGR line 12, an EGR cooler 4, and a supercharger.
  • the intercooler 3 wherein both ends of the EGR line 12 are respectively connected to the intake line of the engine 1 and the cylinder of the engine 1, and the EGR cooler 4 is disposed in the EGR line 12, the turbomachine 9 of the supercharger and the engine
  • the cylinder of 1 is connected, the EGR line 12 is taken from the front line of the turbine, the compressor 10 of the supercharger is in communication with the intake line of the engine 1, and the intercooler 3 is disposed on the line behind the compressor;
  • the engine EGR system also includes The anti-backflow device 6 as described in any of the above embodiments, the anti-backflow device 6 is disposed in a pipe section of the EGR pipe 12 before the EGR cooler 4, and the flow cross section of the tapered ring 61 of the anti-backflow device 6 is along the
  • the working principle and working process of the engine EGR system are: when the engine 1 is in a high speed condition, the front exhaust pressure of the turbine is greater than the engine intake pressure, and a part of the exhaust gas of the cylinder of the engine 1 enters the EGR line 12, and is sequentially protected.
  • the reverse flow device 6, the EGR cooler 4 enters the intake line of the engine 1, mixes with fresh gas entering from the compressor 10 into the engine 1 cylinder, realizes exhaust gas recirculation, and is provided with an anti-backflow device in the EGR line 12. 6. It promotes the positive flow of exhaust gas, thereby increasing the EGR rate.
  • the fresh gas enters the intake line of the engine 1 through the compressor 10 and the intercooler 3, and the engine intake pressure is greater than the front exhaust pressure of the turbine, and the gas passes through.
  • the EGR line 12 is recirculated, and since the backflow prevention device 6 is provided in the EGR line 12, the backflow prevention device 6 suppresses the backflow of the gas, thereby ensuring the smooth realization of the exhaust gas recirculation.
  • the engine EGR system further includes an EGR valve 2 disposed on the EGR line 12, and the EGR valve 12 is controlled to be turned on and off by the EGR valve 2, and when the exhaust gas recirculation is required, the EGR valve 2 is opened, The EGR valve 2 is closed when there is no need for exhaust gas recirculation.
  • another embodiment of the present invention provides an engine EGR system including an engine 1, an EGR line, an EGR cooler 4, a supercharger, and an intercooler 3, wherein the EGR line An EGR main line 5 and a plurality of EGR intake pipes are provided, each of the EGR intake pipes being in communication with one or more cylinders of the engine 1, the EGR intake pipes intersecting one end of the EGR main line 5, and the other end of the EGR main line 5
  • the EGR cooler 4 is disposed on the EGR main line 5, and the turbomachine 9 of the supercharger is in communication with the cylinder of the engine 1.
  • the number of lines in front of the turbine is the same as the number of EGR intake pipes, each The EGR air intake pipe is correspondingly connected with a turbine front pipeline, the EGR air intake pipe is taken from the turbine front pipeline, the supercharger compressor 10 is connected to the intake pipe of the engine 1, and the intercooler 3 is disposed at the compressor rear pipe.
  • the engine EGR system in this embodiment further includes the anti-backflow device 6 as described in any of the above embodiments, each of the EGR intake pipes is provided with an anti-backflow device 6, and the tapered ring 61 of the anti-backflow device 6
  • the flow cross section along the positive direction of the gas in the EGR intake pipe The moving direction is gradually reduced, that is, the flow cross section of the tapered ring 61 of the backflow prevention device 6 gradually becomes smaller in the direction from the EGR intake pipe to the EGR main pipe 5.
  • the EGR line preferably uses two EGR intake pipes, that is, a first EGR intake pipe 7 and a second EGR intake pipe 8, and the first EGR intake pipe 7 is connected to the 1 cylinder, the 2 cylinder, and the 3 cylinder of the engine 1.
  • the second EGR intake pipe 8 communicates with the four cylinders, the five cylinders, and the six cylinders of the engine 1, and the first EGR intake pipe 7 and the second EGR intake pipe 8 meet and communicate with the EGR main passage 5.
  • the EGR line may also include three, four, etc., more EGR intake pipes, and the cylinder grouping of the engine 1 is not limited to the grouping form enumerated in this embodiment.
  • the pressure in the first EGR intake pipe 7 is higher than the pressure in the rear of the compressor and the pressure in the second EGR intake pipe 8 communicating with the four cylinders, the five cylinders, and the six cylinders, so that the exhaust gas flows from the first EGR intake pipe 7
  • the EGR main line 5 and the second EGR intake pipe 8 are included.
  • the exhaust gas flowing into the EGR main pipe 5 realizes exhaust gas recirculation; and the exhaust gas flowing to the second EGR intake pipe 8 causes the exhaust gas in the first EGR intake pipe 7 to be lost, reducing the 1 cylinder, the 2 cylinder, and the 3 cylinder side. EGR rate.
  • the backflow prevention device 6 is provided in both the first EGR intake pipe 7 and the second EGR intake pipe 8, and the gas in the first EGR intake pipe 7 can be prevented from flowing back into the second EGR intake pipe 8, thereby avoiding the first
  • the loss of exhaust gas in the EGR intake pipe 7 increases the EGR rate of the side cylinder.
  • the exhaust gas in the second EGR air intake pipe 8 does not flow back into the first EGR air intake pipe 7, thereby avoiding the exhaust gas loss of the second EGR gas pipe 8 and improving the exhaust gas. EGR rate on the 4, 5 and 6 cylinder sides.
  • the fresh gas enters the intake line of the engine 1 through the compressor 10 and the intercooler 3, and the engine intake pressure is greater than the front exhaust pressure of the turbine, and exhaust gas is generated.
  • the phenomenon of backflow from the EGR main line 5 back into the EGR intake pipe does not even produce EGR. Therefore, the provision of the backflow prevention device 6 in the EGR intake pipe can prevent the gas from flowing back into the EGR intake pipe, thereby ensuring the smooth realization of the exhaust gas recirculation. And the anti-backflow device 6 in the EGR intake pipe can promote the forward flow of the gas, and therefore, the EGR rate is improved.
  • the backflow prevention device 6 can effectively reduce the backflow of the exhaust gas from the EGR main pipe 5 to the EGR intake pipe and the mutual backflow between the plurality of EGR intake pipes.
  • the anti-backflow device 6 is also provided in the pipe section of the EGR main pipe 5 which is located before the EGR cooler 3. To further prevent the gas in the EGR main line 5 from flowing back into the EGR intake pipe.
  • the anti-backflow device 6 provided in the EGR main line 5 further includes a tab 62, and the insert 62 is inserted into the plurality of tapered rings 61 of the anti-backflow device 6, and the length of the insert 62 is greater than or equal to a plurality of The total length of the tapered rings 61 is arranged, and the tabs 62 extend to the intersection of the EGR intake pipes to block the gas flowing back between the plurality of EGR intake pipes.
  • the number of tapered rings 61 needs to be reasonably selected based on the pressure level of the EGR line and the degree of backflow.
  • the engine EGR system further includes an EGR valve 2 disposed on the EGR main line 5, and the EGR main circuit 5 is controlled to be turned on and off by the EGR valve 2, and when the exhaust gas recirculation is required, the EGR valve 2 is opened, The EGR valve 2 is closed when there is no need for exhaust gas recirculation.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种防倒流装置，包括用于设置于管路（11）内的一个或多个渐缩环（61），渐缩环（61）的外边沿连接于管路（11）的内壁上，多个渐缩环（61）沿管路（11）的轴线排布，渐缩环（61）的流通截面沿渐缩环的轴向逐渐变小。还公开了一种包括该防倒流装置的发动机EGR系统。该防倒流装置根据管内不同的流动方向，能够产生不同程度的节流损失，当气流沿着渐缩环的流通截面积变小的方向（正向）流动时，节流损失较小；而当气流沿着渐缩环的流通截面变大的方向（逆向）流动时，节流损失较大，因此渐缩环能够在管内存在往复流动时起到抑制逆向流动、促进正向流动的效果，从而防止气体在管路中回流。

Description

一种防倒流装置及发动机EGR系统 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机废气再循环技术领域，特别涉及一种防倒流装置。还涉及一种包含该防倒流装置的发动机EGR系统。
背景技术
EGR(是英文Exhaust Gas Recirculation的缩写，中文名称为废气再循环)技术是将发动机燃烧后的一部分废气重新引入发动机气缸中进行再燃烧的技术。该技术可以降低排出气体中的氮氧化合物(NOx)，并提高燃油经济性。
现有的发动机EGR系统主要包括发动机、增压器、EGR冷却器和EGR管路，EGR管路的两端分别与增压器的涡轮机前管路和发动机进气管路连通，EGR冷却器设置于EGR管路中。发动机存在排气脉冲，在一个完整的发动机循环过程中，发动机的各个气缸依次完成排气过程，形成排气压力波，这种周期性的压力波动即为排气脉冲，处于排气压力波的波峰的涡轮机前压力要高于发动机的进气压力，在排气脉冲的作用下，EGR管路从涡轮机前管路取废气，废气经EGR管路、EGR冷却器后进入发动机进气管路，最终进入发动机汽缸，因此，可以利用排气脉冲实现一定的EGR率(再循环的废气量与吸入气缸的进气总量之比)；即使在较小进排气压差的情况下，利用排气脉冲也可以实现相对较高的EGR率。
但是，由于发动机和增压器本身固有的特性，当发动机处于低速大扭矩的工况时，发动机的进气压力高于涡轮机前压力，发动机进气管中的气体甚至会通过EGR管路回流至涡轮机前管路，很难实现EGR。此外，现有的EGR系统布置形式基本上都是EGR管路包括两个以上EGR取气管，每个EGR取气管的一端均与一个或多个发动机气缸连通，另一端汇合后与EGR主管路连通，这种布置形式存在的问题是，当其中一路EGR取气管进行废气再循环时，废气会回流进入其它EGR取气管中，致使EGR率降低。
综上所述，如何解决气体在EGR管路中回流的问题，成为了本领域技术人 员亟待解决的问题。
解决发动机EGR系统的EGR率较低甚至无法实现EGR的问题，成为了本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种防倒流装置，以防止气体在管路中回流。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种包含该防倒流装置的发动机EGR系统，以防止气体在EGR管路中回流，在发动机低速大扭矩工况下实现废气再循环，并在其它工况下提高EGR率。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供一种包含该防倒流装置的发动机EGR系统，以防止气体在EGR取气管中回流，在发动机低速大扭矩工况下实现废气再循环，并在其它工况下提高EGR率。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
一种防倒流装置，包括用于设置于管路内的一个或多个渐缩环，所述渐缩环的外边沿连接于所述管路的内壁上，多个所述渐缩环沿所述管路的轴向排布，所述渐缩环的流通截面沿所述渐缩环的轴向逐渐变小。
优选地，在上述的防倒流装置中，所述渐缩环为具有缺口的非封闭渐缩环。
优选地，在上述的防倒流装置中，所述渐缩环为弹性金属渐缩环。
优选地，在上述的防倒流装置中，所述渐缩环的外边沿卡接于所述管路的内壁上的卡槽中。
优选地，在上述的防倒流装置中，所述卡槽的靠近所述渐缩环的小孔端的一侧槽面为弧形过渡面，所述卡槽的靠近所述渐缩环的大孔端的一侧槽面为直角定位面。
优选地，在上述的防倒流装置中，每相邻两个所述渐缩环之间的间距大于或等于所述渐缩环的轴向长度。
优选地，在上述的防倒流装置中，还包括穿插于多个所述渐缩环中的插片， 所述插片的长度大于或等于所述渐缩环的布置总长度。
本申请还提供了一种发动机EGR系统，包括发动机、EGR管路和EGR冷却器，所述EGR管路的两端分别与所述发动机的进气管路和所述发动机的气缸连通，所述EGR冷却器设置于所述EGR管路中，所述EGR管路位于所述EGR冷却器之前的管段中还设置有如以上任一项所述的防倒流装置，所述防倒流装置的渐缩环的流通截面沿所述EGR管路中气体的正向移动方向逐渐变小。
优选地，在上述的发动机EGR系统中，其特征在于，还包括设置于所述EGR管路上的EGR阀。
本申请还提供了一种发动机EGR系统，包括发动机、EGR管路和EGR冷却器，所述EGR管路包括EGR主管路和多个EGR取气管，所述EGR取气管与所述发动机的气缸连通，所述EGR主管路的两端分别与所述EGR取气管和所述发动机的进气管路连通，所述EGR冷却器设置于所述EGR主管路上，其特征在于，每个所述EGR取气管内均设置有如权利要求1-6任一项所述防倒流装置。
优选地，在上述的发动机EGR系统中，所述EGR主管路的位于所述EGR冷却器之前的管段内还设置有所述防倒流装置。
优选地，在上述的发动机EGR系统中，所述EGR主管路内的所述防倒流装置还包括插片，所述插片穿插于所述防倒流装置的多个渐缩环中，且所述插片的长度大于或等于多个所述渐缩环的布置总长度，所述插片延伸至所述EGR取气管的交汇处。
优选地，在上述的发动机EGR系统中，其特征在于，还包括设置于所述EGR主管路上的EGR阀。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提供的防倒流装置包括用于设置于管路内的一个或多个渐缩环，渐缩环的流通截面沿渐缩环的轴向逐渐变小。该防倒流装置根据管内不同的流动方向，能够产生不同程度的节流损失，当气流沿着渐缩环的流通截面积变小的方向(正向)流动时，节流损失较小；而当气流沿着渐缩环的流通截面变大的 方向(逆向)流动时，节流损失较大，因此渐缩环能够在管内存在往复流动时起到抑制逆向流动、促进正向流动的效果，从而防止气体在管路中回流。
本发明提供的发动机EGR系统在EGR管路中设置有该防倒流装置，防倒流装置的渐缩环的流通截面沿EGR管路中气体的正向移动方向逐渐变小，渐缩环能够防止气体沿EGR管路回流，从而在发动机低速大扭矩工况下能够实现废气再循环，且在其它工况下能够提高EGR率。
本发明提供的另一种发动机EGR系统在EGR取气管中，防倒流装置的渐缩环的流通截面沿EGR取气管中气体的正向移动方向逐渐变小，渐缩环能够防止气体沿EGR取气管回流，从而在发动机低速大扭矩工况下能够实现废气再循环，且在其它工况下能够提高EGR率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种防倒流装置的安装示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种防倒流装置的渐缩环的结构示意图；
图3为图2中的渐缩环的截面示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种防倒流装置的安装结构示意图；
图5为图4中A区域的局部放大示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种发动机EGR系统的连接示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种发动机EGR系统的连接示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种发动机EGR系统中的防倒流装置的布置结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种发动机EGR系统中的防倒流装置的布置结构主视图。
其中，1为发动机、2为EGR阀、3为中冷器、4为EGR冷却器、5为EGR 主管路、6为防倒流装置、7为第一EGR取气管、8为第二EGR取气管、9为涡轮机、10为压气机、11为管路、12为EGR管路；
61为渐缩环、611为缺口、62为插片、111为卡槽。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供了一种防倒流装置，能够防止气体在管路中回流。
本发明还提供了一种包含该防倒流装置的发动机EGR系统，能够防止气体在EGR管路中回流，在发动机低速大扭矩工况下实现废气再循环，并在其它工况下提高EGR率。
本发明还提供了另一种包含该防倒流装置的发动机EGR系统，能够防止气体在EGR取气管中回流，在发动机低速大扭矩工况下实现废气再循环，并在其它工况下提高EGR率。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参考图1-图5，本发明实施例提供了一种防倒流装置6，包括用于设置于管路11内的一个或多个渐缩环61，渐缩环61的外边沿连接于管路11的内壁上，当渐缩环61为多个时，多个渐缩环61沿管路11的轴向排布，渐缩环61的流通截面沿渐缩环61的轴向逐渐变小，渐缩环61的结构类似于喇叭形状。
该防倒流装置6根据管路11内气体的不同流动方向，能够产生不同程度的节流损失，当气流沿着渐缩环61的流通截面积变小的方向(正向)流动时，节流损失较小；而当气流沿着渐缩环61的流通截面变大的方向(逆向)流动时，节流损失较大，因此渐缩环61能够对管内存在往复流动的情况起到抑制逆向流动、促进正向流动的效果，从而防止气体在管路11中回流。
如图2所示，进一步地，在本实施例中，渐缩环61为具有缺口611的非 封闭渐缩环。将渐缩环61设置缺口611，当管路11的管径因为热胀冷缩发生微小变化时，通过渐缩环61的缺口611进行自身大小的自适应调节，避免渐缩环61因为与管路11的形变不同而发生断裂破坏。当然，渐缩环61也可以为封闭渐缩环，只要渐缩环61的材质能够适应应力变化，可以不设置缺口611。
更进一步地，在本实施例中，渐缩环61为弹性金属渐缩环，弹性金属渐缩环具有弹性好、耐高温的优点，可以设置在具有较高温度的管路11中。当然，根据管路11中流体的性质，还可以选择其他材质，如塑料等材质。
如图4和图5所示，在本实施例中，渐缩环61的外边沿卡接于管路11的内壁上的卡槽111中。安装时，将渐缩环61逐个推入管路11中，并推至卡槽111中定位固定，方便安装。当然，渐缩环61也可以通过焊接或粘接固定于管路11的内壁上。
进一步地，卡槽111的靠近渐缩环61的小孔端的一侧槽面为弧形过渡面，卡槽111的靠近渐缩环61的大孔端的一侧槽面为直角定位面。安装时，将渐缩环61推入管路11中，渐缩环61的外边沿从卡槽111的弧形过渡面一侧推入卡槽111中，通过卡槽111的直角定位面对渐缩环61的外边沿进行轴线定位，拆卸时，渐缩环61从卡槽111的弧形过渡面一侧退出，弧形过渡面可以方便渐缩环61的安装和拆卸。
在本实施例中，每相邻两个渐缩环61之间的间距大于或等于渐缩环61的轴向长度，即相邻两个卡槽111之间的距离大于或等于单个渐缩环61的轴向长度的两倍，这样设置可以改善渐缩环对流体的逆向阻碍效果。
渐缩环61数量越多，防倒流作用愈明显，但管道11节流损失越大。因此，渐缩环61的数量需要根据管路11的压力水平以及气流倒流程度进行合理选择。
如图7和图8所示，在本实施例中，防倒流装置6还包括穿插于多个渐缩环61中的插片62，插片62的长度大于或等于渐缩环61的布置总长度，插片62的两端伸出位于最外侧的两个渐缩环61。通过在渐缩环61中插入插片62，防倒流装置6对管路11的防倒流作用更加明显，防倒流效果更好。
如图6所示，基于以上任一实施例所描述的防倒流装置6，本发明实施例还提供了一种发动机EGR系统，包括发动机1、EGR管路12、EGR冷却器4、增压器和中冷器3，其中，EGR管路12的两端分别与发动机1的进气管路和发动机1的气缸连通，EGR冷却器4设置于EGR管路12中，增压器的涡轮机9与发动机1的气缸连通，EGR管路12从涡轮机前管路取气，增压器的压气机10与发动机1的进气管路连通，中冷器3设置于压气机后管路上；发动机EGR系统还包括如以上任一实施例所描述的防倒流装置6，该防倒流装置6设置于EGR管路12位于EGR冷却器4之前的管段中，且防倒流装置6的渐缩环61的流通截面沿EGR管路12中气体的正向移动方向逐渐变小，即渐缩环61的流通截面沿发动机1的气缸向EGR冷却器4的方向逐渐变小。
该发动机EGR系统的工作原理和工作过程为：在发动机1高速工况时，涡轮机前排气压力大于发动机进气压力，发动机1的气缸中的一部分排气进入EGR管路12中，依次经防倒流装置6、EGR冷却器4进入发动机1的进气管路中，与从压气机10进入的新鲜气体混合进入发动机1气缸，实现废气再循环，并且由于在EGR管路12中设置有防倒流装置6，对废气正向流动具有促进作用，从而提高了EGR率。而当发动机1处于低转速大扭矩工况时，此时，新鲜气体经压气机10和中冷器3后进入发动机1的进气管路，发动机进气压力大于涡轮机前排气压力，气体会通过EGR管路12回流，由于在EGR管路12中设置有防倒流装置6，因此，防倒流装置6抑制气体的倒流，保证了废气再循环的顺利实现。
在本实施例中，发动机EGR系统还包括设置于EGR管路12上的EGR阀2，通过EGR阀2控制EGR管路12的通断，在需要进行废气再循环时，打开EGR阀2，在不需要进行废气再循环时，关闭EGR阀2。
如图7-图9所示，本发明实施例还提供了另一种发动机EGR系统，包括发动机1、EGR管路、EGR冷却器4、增压器和中冷器3，其中，EGR管路包括EGR主管路5和多个EGR取气管，每个EGR取气管分别与发动机1的一个或多个气缸连通，这些EGR取气管交汇连通于EGR主管路5的一端，EGR 主管路5的另一端与发动机1的进气管路连通，EGR冷却器4设置于EGR主管路5上，增压器的涡轮机9与发动机1的气缸连通，涡轮机前管路的数量与EGR取气管的数量相同，每个EGR取气管对应地与一个涡轮机前管路连通，EGR取气管从涡轮机前管路取气，增压器的压气机10与发动机1的进气管路连通，中冷器3设置于压气机后管路上；本实施例中的发动机EGR系统还包括如以上任一实施例所描述的防倒流装置6，每个EGR取气管内均设置有防倒流装置6，且防倒流装置6的渐缩环61的流通截面沿EGR取气管中气体的正向移动方向逐渐变小，即防倒流装置6的渐缩环61的流通截面沿从EGR取气管向EGR主管路5的方向逐渐变小。
对于六缸发动机，EGR管路优选采用两个EGR取气管，即第一EGR取气管7和第二EGR取气管8，第一EGR取气管7与发动机1的1缸、2缸和3缸连通，第二EGR取气管8与发动机1的4缸、5缸和6缸连通，第一EGR取气管7和第二EGR取气管8交汇后与EGR主管路5连通。当然，EGR管路还可以包括三个、四个等更多个EGR取气管，发动机1的气缸分组并不局限于本实施例所列举的分组形式。
以两个EGR取气管为例说明发动机EGR系统的工作原理和工作过程：由于发火间隔的原因，1缸、2缸和3缸侧与4缸、5缸和6缸侧交替排气。例如，在发动机1高速工况时，当4缸、5缸和6缸侧排气结束后，1缸、2缸和3缸侧开始排气，此时与1缸、2缸和3缸连通的第一EGR取气管7内的压力要高于压气机后压力以及与4缸、5缸和6缸连通的第二EGR取气管8内的压力，因此废气会从第一EGR取气管7流入EGR主管路5以及第二EGR取气管8中。其中，流向EGR主管路5中的废气实现废气再循环；而流向第二EGR取气管8的废气将导致第一EGR取气管7中的废气流失，降低了1缸、2缸和3缸侧的EGR率。因此，在第一EGR取气管7和第二EGR取气管8中均设置防倒流装置6，能够防止第一EGR取气管7中的气体倒流至第二EGR取气管8中，从而避免了第一EGR取气管7中的废气的流失，提高了该侧气缸的EGR率。而当第二EGR取气管8从气缸中取气时，第二EGR取气管8中的废气不会倒流至第一EGR取气管7中，避免了第二EGR取气管8 的废气流失，提高了4缸、5缸和6缸侧的EGR率。
而当发动机1处于低转速大扭矩工况时，此时，新鲜气体经压气机10和中冷器3后进入发动机1的进气管路，发动机进气压力大于涡轮机前排气压力，会产生废气从EGR主管路5倒流回EGR取气管中的现象，甚至无法产生EGR。因此，在EGR取气管中设置防倒流装置6可以防止气体倒流至EGR取气管中，保证了废气再循环的顺利实现。且EGR取气管中的防倒流装置6能够促进气体正向流动，因此，提高了EGR率。
可见，防倒流装置6能够有效减少废气由EGR主管路5向EGR取气管的回流以及多个EGR取气管之间的相互回流。
如图8和图9所示，进一步地，在本实施例中，EGR主管路5的位于EGR冷却器3之前的管段内同样设置有防倒流装置6。以进一步防止EGR主管路5中的气体回流至EGR取气管中。
更进一步地，EGR主管路5内设置的防倒流装置6还包括插片62，插片62穿插于防倒流装置6的多个渐缩环61中，且插片62的长度大于或等于多个渐缩环61的布置总长度，且插片62延伸至EGR取气管的交汇处，对多个EGR取气管之间相互倒流的气体进行阻挡。通过在渐缩环61中穿插设置插片62，能够进一步加强防倒流装置6对EGR主管路5中的气体的抑制回流的作用，有效降低多个EGR取气管之间的互流。
渐缩环61的数量越多，防倒流效果愈明显，但管道节流损失越大。因此，渐缩环61的数量需要根据EGR管路的压力水平以及气流倒流程度进行合理选择。
在本实施例中，发动机EGR系统还包括设置于EGR主管路5上的EGR阀2，通过EGR阀2控制EGR主管路5的通断，在需要进行废气再循环时，打开EGR阀2，在不需要进行废气再循环时，关闭EGR阀2。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见 的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种防倒流装置，其特征在于，包括用于设置于管路内的一个或多个渐缩环，所述渐缩环的外边沿连接于所述管路的内壁上，多个所述渐缩环沿所述管路的轴向排布，所述渐缩环的流通截面沿所述渐缩环的轴向逐渐变小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防倒流装置，其特征在于，所述渐缩环为具有缺口的非封闭渐缩环。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防倒流装置，其特征在于，所述渐缩环为弹性金属渐缩环。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防倒流装置，其特征在于，所述渐缩环的外边沿卡接于所述管路的内壁上的卡槽中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的防倒流装置，其特征在于，所述卡槽的靠近所述渐缩环的小孔端的一侧槽面为弧形过渡面，所述卡槽的靠近所述渐缩环的大孔端的一侧槽面为直角定位面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防倒流装置，其特征在于，每相邻两个所述渐缩环之间的间距大于或等于所述渐缩环的轴向长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的防倒流装置，其特征在于，还包括穿插于多个所述渐缩环中的插片，所述插片的长度大于或等于所述渐缩环的布置总长度。
  8. 一种发动机EGR系统，包括发动机、EGR管路和EGR冷却器，所述EGR管路的两端分别与所述发动机的进气管路和所述发动机的气缸连通，所述EGR冷却器设置于所述EGR管路中，其特征在于，所述EGR管路位于所述EGR冷却器之前的管段中还设置有如权利要求1-6任一项所述的防倒流装置，所述防倒流装置的渐缩环的流通截面沿所述EGR管路中气体的正向移动方向逐渐变小。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发动机EGR系统，其特征在于，还包括设置于所述EGR管路上的EGR阀。
  10. 一种发动机EGR系统，包括发动机、EGR管路和EGR冷却器，所述EGR管路包括EGR主管路和多个EGR取气管，所述EGR取气管与所述发 动机的气缸连通，所述EGR主管路的两端分别与所述EGR取气管和所述发动机的进气管路连通，所述EGR冷却器设置于所述EGR主管路上，其特征在于，每个所述EGR取气管内均设置有如权利要求1-6任一项所述防倒流装置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的发动机EGR系统，其特征在于，所述EGR主管路的位于所述EGR冷却器之前的管段内还设置有所述防倒流装置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的发动机EGR系统，其特征在于，所述EGR主管路内的所述防倒流装置还包括插片，所述插片穿插于所述防倒流装置的多个渐缩环中，且所述插片的长度大于或等于多个所述渐缩环的布置总长度，所述插片延伸至所述EGR取气管的交汇处。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任一项所述的发动机EGR系统，其特征在于，还包括设置于所述EGR主管路上的EGR阀。
PCT/CN2017/118997 2017-12-27 2017-12-27 一种防倒流装置及发动机egr系统 WO2019127099A1 (zh)

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