WO2019119865A1 - Système d'antenne mimo, et réseau d'antennes et unité de rayonnement basse fréquence associée - Google Patents

Système d'antenne mimo, et réseau d'antennes et unité de rayonnement basse fréquence associée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019119865A1
WO2019119865A1 PCT/CN2018/103012 CN2018103012W WO2019119865A1 WO 2019119865 A1 WO2019119865 A1 WO 2019119865A1 CN 2018103012 W CN2018103012 W CN 2018103012W WO 2019119865 A1 WO2019119865 A1 WO 2019119865A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
low frequency
antenna
radiating
dipole
arm
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PCT/CN2018/103012
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜维维
栗建豪
黄立文
Original Assignee
京信通信系统（中国）有限公司
京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
京信通信系统（广州）有限公司
天津京信通信系统有限公司
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Publication of WO2019119865A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019119865A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/106—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a MIMO antenna system, an antenna array, and a low frequency radiating unit thereof.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • MIMO antennas are more and more widely used.
  • Common MIMO antenna arrays include single-row dual-polarized antenna arrays and dual-column dual-polarized antenna arrays.
  • a single-column antenna array is generally designed to form a dual-column antenna array in a side-by-side layout.
  • the distribution of each column antenna array with respect to the edge of the reflecting plate is asymmetrical, that is, the distance of each column antenna array from the boundary of both sides of the reflecting plate is different. That is to say, the width difference between the left and right boundaries of each column antenna array is large, which will cause the radiation pattern of each column antenna array to be asymmetric, the front and back ratios are asymmetrical and asymmetrical, and the half power beam width has poor convergence. And other issues. Therefore, the performance of current dual-column antenna arrays is not good.
  • a low frequency radiating element includes two pairs of polarized orthogonal dipoles, and the four dipoles are a first dipole, a second dipole, a third dipole and a fourth dipole
  • the low frequency radiating element is an axisymmetric structure and has a first axis of symmetry and a second axis of symmetry perpendicular to each other; wherein the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry are X and Y axes, the first In the Cartesian coordinate system in which the intersection of the axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry is the origin, the first dipole, the second dipole, the third dipole, and the fourth dipole Located in four quadrants of the Cartesian coordinate system, respectively, and the polarities of the dipoles in adjacent two quadrants are opposite;
  • each of the dipoles includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, the first radiating arm being coupled to one end of the second radiating arm to form an opening on the dipole, and each The openings of the dipoles are all disposed away from the origin; the first dipole, the second dipole, the third dipole and the fourth dipole are two or two
  • the spacing is set to form a first channel and a second channel respectively having the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry as axes.
  • the relative positions between the four dipoles are adjustable to adjust the width of the first channel and the second channel.
  • the first channel and the second channel have a width of 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ , and the ⁇ is an operating wavelength.
  • the first radiating arm of each of the dipoles is axially symmetrically distributed with the second radiating arm.
  • the first radiating arm of each of the dipoles is vertically connected to the second radiating arm such that each of the dipoles has an "L" shape.
  • baluns comprising two support columns such that the baluns are in an "eight" shape, and the two first ones of the same one of the dipoles
  • the radiation arm and the second are respectively mounted on the two support columns
  • the support column includes a fold line segment for mounting on the reflector plate and extending obliquely in the direction of the radiation arm, and the radiation arm Connected and perpendicular to the vertical section of the reflector.
  • An antenna array comprising:
  • the reflector is an axisymmetric structure
  • a plurality of low frequency radiating elements according to any one of the above preferred embodiments, which are spaced apart along an axis of symmetry of the reflecting plate, and wherein the first axis of symmetry overlaps with an axis of symmetry of the reflecting plate;
  • auxiliary radiation unit spaced apart along an axis of symmetry of the reflector, the auxiliary radiation unit comprising vertical and intersecting first and second arms to make the auxiliary radiation unit have a cross shape;
  • the first arm is located in the first channel and disposed coaxially with the first channel, the second arm forms a avoidance with the plurality of low frequency radiation units, and the plurality of low frequencies
  • the radiating element and the plurality of auxiliary radiating elements form two antenna queues.
  • the second arm is located within a gap of two adjacent low frequency radiating elements to form a avoidance with the plurality of low frequency radiating elements.
  • the second arm is located in the second passage and disposed coaxially with the second passage to form a avoidance position with the plurality of low frequency radiating elements.
  • the plurality of low frequency radiating elements and the plurality of auxiliary radiating elements are respectively sorted along an extending direction of the first axis of symmetry, and the odd numbered of the low frequency radiating elements and the even numbered
  • the auxiliary radiating elements are electrically connected to form one of the antenna queues, and the even-numbered low frequency radiating elements are electrically coupled to the odd-numbered auxiliary radiating elements to form another of the antenna queues.
  • the plurality of low frequency radiating elements are electrically connected to form one of the antenna queues, the plurality of auxiliary radiating elements being electrically connected to form another of the antenna queues.
  • a MIMO antenna system comprising the antenna array and the two signal transceiving modules according to any one of the above preferred embodiments, wherein the two signal transceiving modules are electrically connected to the two antenna queues, respectively.
  • the reflector, the low-frequency radiating unit and the auxiliary radiating unit are all axisymmetric, and the plurality of low-frequency radiating units and the plurality of auxiliary radiating units are disposed along the symmetry axis of the reflecting plate. Furthermore, the first arm of the cross-shaped auxiliary radiation unit is located in the first channel and is arranged coaxially with the first channel. That is to say, the reflector, the low-frequency radiation unit and the auxiliary radiation unit are coaxial.
  • the two antenna queues are formed by combining a plurality of low frequency radiating elements and a plurality of auxiliary radiating elements.
  • the distance between the two antenna queues is the same as the distance between the two sides of the reflecting plate, and the width difference between the left and right borders is small, that is, the symmetry is better. Therefore, the radiation pattern of each column antenna queue is more symmetrical, so that the performance of the above MIMO antenna system is effectively improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an antenna array according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a low frequency radiation unit in the antenna array shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the low frequency radiation unit shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the low frequency radiation unit shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a simulation result of the 78 mm pitch simulation of the low frequency radiation unit shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a simulation result of the 38 mm pitch simulation of the low frequency radiation unit shown in FIG. 2;
  • Figure 7 is a simulation result diagram of the antenna array shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an antenna array in another embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array in still another embodiment.
  • the present invention provides a MIMO antenna system, an antenna array, and a low frequency radiating element.
  • the MIMO antenna system includes two signal transceiver modules and the above antenna array.
  • an antenna array 10 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a reflector 100, a low frequency radiating element 200, and an auxiliary radiating unit 300.
  • the reflector 100 mainly functions to reflect and enhance electromagnetic wave signals, and is generally a metal plate structure. Further, the reflecting plate 100 has an axisymmetric structure. Specifically, the reflector 100 may have a rectangular plate shape, a circular plate shape, or the like.
  • the low frequency radiating elements 200 are plural and are arranged along the symmetry axis of the reflecting plate 100.
  • the low frequency radiating element 200 includes two pairs of polarization orthogonal dipoles 210.
  • the four dipoles 210 are a first dipole 210a, a second dipole 210b, a third dipole 210c, and a fourth dipole 210d, respectively.
  • Each of the dipoles 210 includes two radiating arms 211, which are a first radiating arm 211a and a second radiating arm 211b, respectively. .
  • the low frequency radiating element 200 is an axisymmetric structure and has a first axis of symmetry and a second axis of symmetry perpendicular to each other. Further, in the antenna array 10, the first axis of symmetry overlaps with the axis of symmetry of the reflecting plate 100.
  • the first dipole 210a and the second dipole 210b, The third dipole 210c and the fourth dipole 210d are respectively located in four quadrants. Further, the polarities of the dipoles 210 in the adjacent two quadrants are opposite. That is, the two dipoles 210 of the diagonal have the same polarity.
  • the first radiating arm 211a of each dipole 210 is connected to one end of the second radiating arm 211b to form an opening on the dipole 210, and the opening of each dipole 210 is disposed along the back toward the origin.
  • the four dipoles 210 are circumferentially distributed around the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry, and the low frequency radiating elements 200 formed by the four dipoles 210 have a " ⁇ " shape.
  • the first radiating arm 211a and the second radiating arm 211b of each dipole 210 are axially symmetrically distributed. Therefore, the dipole 210 electromagnetic radiation is more uniform.
  • each dipole 210 is vertically connected to the second radiating arm 211b such that each dipole 210 has an "L" shape.
  • first dipole 210a, the second dipole 210b, the third dipole 210c, and the fourth dipole 210d are spaced apart from each other. Therefore, the first channel 220 and the second channel 230 are formed between the four dipoles 210. Moreover, the first channel 220 and the second channel 230 respectively have an axis of the first axis of symmetry and a second axis of symmetry. It should be noted that the widths of the first channel 220 and the second channel 230 are generally set to be the same, but may also be set to be different.
  • the low frequency radiating unit 200 further includes a balun 240.
  • the balun 240 is four, and four dipoles 210 are mounted on four baluns 240, respectively.
  • the balun 240 can support the dipole 210 and also balance the current, so that the two radiating arms 211 of the dipole 210 achieve a balanced output.
  • the balun 240 includes two support columns 241 to make the balun 240 a figure-eight shape.
  • Two radiating arms 211 of the same dipole 210 are mounted on the two support columns 241, respectively.
  • the support column 241 includes a fold line segment 2412 and a vertical segment 2414.
  • the folding line segment 2412 is mounted on the reflecting plate 100 and obliquely extends in the direction of the radiating arm 211 to be connected to one end of the vertical section 2414.
  • the other end of the vertical section 2414 is connected to the radiating arm 211 and perpendicular to the reflecting plate 100.
  • the balun 240 can also reduce the distance between the dipole 210 and the surface of the reflector 100, thereby reducing the vertical height of the frequency radiating unit 200, which is advantageous for miniaturization of the entire antenna array 10.
  • the auxiliary radiation unit 300 is plural and disposed at intervals along the symmetry axis of the reflection plate 100. That is, the plurality of auxiliary radiation units 300 are arranged on the reflection plate 100 in the same manner as the plurality of low frequency radiation units 200.
  • the auxiliary radiating unit 300 includes a first arm 310 and a second arm 320 that are perpendicular and intersect to make the auxiliary radiating unit 300 in a cross shape. It can be seen that the auxiliary radiating unit 300 also has an axisymmetric structure, and the first arm 310 and the second arm overlap with the two axes of symmetry, respectively.
  • the auxiliary radiating unit 300 has the same function as the low-frequency radiating unit 200, that is, for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals, so that the first arm 210 and the second arm 320 correspond to the two radiating arms 211.
  • the first arm 310 is located in the first channel 220 and disposed coaxially with the first channel 220. Since the axis of the first channel 220 is the first axis of symmetry of the low frequency radiating element 200, the reflecting plate 100, the low frequency radiating unit 200 and the auxiliary radiating unit 300 are coaxially disposed.
  • the second arm 320 forms a avoidance with the plurality of low frequency radiating elements 200. Specifically, the second arm 320 may be located in the second channel 230 or may be located in a gap between two adjacent low-frequency radiating units 200 to form a avoidance position with the plurality of low-frequency radiating units 200.
  • Each of the low frequency radiating unit 200 and the auxiliary radiating unit 300 can be used as a minimum unit for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, and a plurality of minimum units are combined to form an antenna queue.
  • the plurality of low frequency radiating elements 200 and the plurality of auxiliary radiating units 300 form two antenna queues, so that the antenna array 10 is a double column antenna array structure.
  • the two antenna queues are a first antenna queue 11 and a second antenna queue 12 .
  • the first antenna queue 11 may include only the low frequency radiating unit 200, or only the auxiliary radiating unit 300, or include the partial low frequency radiating unit 200 and the partial auxiliary radiating unit 300; and the second antenna queue 12 includes the remaining low frequency radiating elements 200 and/or auxiliary radiation unit 300.
  • two signal transceiving modules are electrically connected to two antenna queues, respectively. Therefore, two sets of electromagnetic wave signal transceiving systems can be formed.
  • the two antenna queues are formed by combining a plurality of low-frequency radiating units 200 and a plurality of auxiliary radiating units 300, the two antennas are arranged in a distance from the reflecting plate 100.
  • the distance between the two sides of the boundary is the same, and the difference between the left and right boundaries is small, that is, the symmetry is better.
  • the radiation pattern of each column antenna queue is more symmetrical, the front-back ratio is better than the symmetry, and the convergence of the half-power beam width is improved, so that the performance of the above MIMO antenna system is effectively improved.
  • the arrangement of the two columns of antenna queues is changed from the existing parallel arrangement to the nested setting. Therefore, the width of the reflecting plate 100 can be effectively reduced to achieve miniaturization of the array antenna 10, thereby facilitating the construction of the base station.
  • the relative positions between the four dipoles 210 are adjustable to adjust the widths of the first channel 220 and the second channel 230.
  • the vertical and horizontal spacing between the dipoles 210 is generally 0.05 ⁇ to 0.5 ⁇ ( ⁇ is the operating wavelength), that is, the widths of the first channel 220 and the second channel 230 are 0.05 ⁇ to 0.5 ⁇ .
  • ⁇ is the operating wavelength
  • Table 1 below is the simulation data corresponding to the horizontal half-power beam width of the low-frequency radiation unit 200. As can be seen from the data, the width of the low-frequency radiation unit 200 can be flexibly changed by changing the value of the width d.
  • the second arm 320 is located in the second channel 230 and disposed coaxially with the second channel 230 to form a avoidance position with the plurality of low frequency radiating elements 200.
  • the auxiliary radiation unit 300 is entirely nested in the low frequency radiation unit 200. Therefore, the array antenna 10 is symmetrical in all directions, and the antenna queue has better symmetry, which is advantageous for further improving the performance of the antenna array 10 and the MIMO antenna system.
  • the plurality of low frequency radiating units 200 are electrically connected to form one of the antenna queues, and the plurality of auxiliary radiating units 300 are electrically connected to form another antenna queue.
  • the smallest unit of the electromagnetic wave signal is in the same shape, so that the symmetry of the antenna queue can be further improved, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna array 10.
  • the array antenna 10 shown in FIG. 1 is taken as an example.
  • the three low-frequency radiating elements 200 are sequentially sorted into 1, 2, and 3 along the extending direction of the first symmetry axis, and the three auxiliary radiating units 300 are sequentially sorted into 1, 2, and 3. number.
  • the low frequency radiating elements 200 of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 form a first antenna queue 11; and the auxiliary radiating elements 300 of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 form a second antenna queue 12.
  • FIG. 7 is a simulation result diagram of the antenna array 10 in the present embodiment.
  • Table 2 is a summary of data of the wavelength width, the front-rear ratio, and the axial cross-polarization of the antenna array 10 and the existing antenna array in the present embodiment. It can be seen that the antenna array 10 has a significant convergence in wave width, and the front-back ratio and the axial cross-polarization are also significantly improved.
  • the second arm 320 is located in the gap of the adjacent two low frequency radiating elements 200 to form a avoidance with the plurality of low frequency radiating elements 200.
  • the difference lies only in the set position of the auxiliary radiation unit 300.
  • the plurality of auxiliary radiation units 300 are interposed between the plurality of low frequency radiation units 200.
  • the two ends of the first arm 310 of one of the auxiliary radiating units 300 are respectively located in the first channels 220 of the adjacent two low frequency radiating units 200.
  • the distance between the plurality of frequency radiating elements 200 and the plurality of auxiliary radiating elements 300 is increased, thereby contributing to reducing the degree of coupling between the antenna arrays 10 and the two antenna queues in the MIMO antenna system.
  • the formation of the antenna queue is not limited to one of the above two embodiments.
  • the second arm 320 when the second arm 320 is located in the second channel 230 and disposed coaxially with the second channel 230 to form a avoidance position with the plurality of low frequency radiating elements 200, Both antenna queues are formed by a combination of the low frequency radiating unit 200 and the auxiliary radiating unit 300.
  • each of the low frequency radiating unit 200 and the auxiliary radiating unit 300 corresponds to a serial number.
  • the odd-numbered low-frequency radiating elements 200 are electrically connected to the even-numbered auxiliary radiating elements 300 to form one of the antenna queues, and the even-numbered low-frequency radiating elements 200 are electrically connected to the odd-numbered auxiliary radiating elements 300 to form another antenna queue.
  • the array antenna 10 shown in FIG. 9 is taken as an example.
  • the three low-frequency radiating units 200 are sequentially sorted into 1, 2, and 3, and the three auxiliary radiating units 300 are sequentially sorted into 1, 2, and 3.
  • the No. 1 and No. 3 low frequency radiating elements 200 and the No. 2 auxiliary radiating unit 300 form a first antenna queue 11; and the No. 2 low frequency radiating unit 200 and the No. 1 and No. 3 auxiliary radiating units 300 form a second antenna queue 12 .
  • the low frequency radiating unit 200 and the auxiliary radiating unit 300 are alternately connected to each other to form an antenna queue.
  • the widths of the first channel 220 and the second channel 230 are adjusted, the horizontal wave widths of the two antenna queues can be adjusted, thereby further expanding the use scenarios of the antenna queue 10 and the MIMO antenna system.
  • the reflection plate 100, the low-frequency radiation unit 200, and the auxiliary radiation unit 300 are all axisymmetric structures, and the plurality of low-frequency radiation units 200 and the plurality of auxiliary radiation units 300 are all spaced apart along the symmetry axis of the reflection plate 100.
  • the first arm 310 of the cross-shaped auxiliary radiation unit 300 is located in the first channel 220 and disposed coaxially with the first channel 220. That is, the reflection plate 100, the low frequency radiation unit 200, and the auxiliary radiation unit 300 are coaxial.
  • the two antenna queues are formed by combining a plurality of low frequency radiating elements 200 and a plurality of auxiliary radiating units 300.
  • the distance between the two antenna queues is the same as the distance between the two sides of the reflecting plate 100, and the width difference between the left and right borders is small, that is, the symmetry. better. Therefore, the radiation pattern of each column antenna queue is more symmetrical, so that the performance of the above MIMO antenna system is effectively improved.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'antenne MIMO. Une plaque de réflexion, une unité de rayonnement basse fréquence et une unité de rayonnement auxiliaire à l'intérieur sont toutes constituées d'une structure axialement symétrique, et une pluralité d'unités de rayonnement basse fréquence et une pluralité d'unités de rayonnement auxiliaires sont toutes disposées à intervalles le long d'un axe de symétrie de la plaque de réflexion. De plus, un premier bras d'une unité de rayonnement auxiliaire en forme de croix est situé dans un premier canal et est disposé de manière coaxiale avec le premier canal. En d'autres termes, la plaque de réflexion, les unités de rayonnement basse fréquence et les unités de rayonnement auxiliaires sont coaxiales. En outre, deux files d'attente d'antenne sont formées par combinaison de la pluralité d'unités de rayonnement basse fréquence et de la pluralité d'unités de rayonnement auxiliaires, et par conséquent, les deux files d'attente d'antenne sont à la même distance de la limite de deux côtés de la plaque de réflexion et ont un petit espace de largeur entre les limites gauche et droite, c'est-à-dire une meilleure symétrie. Par conséquent, les motifs de direction de rayonnement de chaque file d'attente d'antenne sont plus symétriques, de telle sorte que les performances du système d'antenne MIMO sont efficacement améliorées. De plus, l'invention concerne en outre un réseau d'antennes et une unité de rayonnement basse fréquence associée.
PCT/CN2018/103012 2017-12-21 2018-08-29 Système d'antenne mimo, et réseau d'antennes et unité de rayonnement basse fréquence associée WO2019119865A1 (fr)

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