WO2021135401A1 - Antenne réseau de forme rectangulaire et station de base intérieure - Google Patents

Antenne réseau de forme rectangulaire et station de base intérieure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135401A1
WO2021135401A1 PCT/CN2020/116087 CN2020116087W WO2021135401A1 WO 2021135401 A1 WO2021135401 A1 WO 2021135401A1 CN 2020116087 W CN2020116087 W CN 2020116087W WO 2021135401 A1 WO2021135401 A1 WO 2021135401A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
array antenna
rectangular shaped
radiating
shaped array
radiation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/116087
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
费锦洲
黄立文
林学进
刘谦
黄银明
Original Assignee
京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
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Application filed by 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 filed Critical 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
Publication of WO2021135401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135401A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18—Network planning tools
    • H04W16/20—Network planning tools for indoor coverage or short range network deployment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a rectangular shaped array antenna and an indoor base station.
  • amplitude-weighted shaping is generally used to obtain an approximately square main beam shaped antenna.
  • This shaping method realizes that the main beam has the characteristic of rapid fall of the main beam outside the half-power angle.
  • conventional shaping methods will cause the antenna to be too large, which is unsightly to use and has potential safety hazards.
  • a rectangular shaped array antenna includes:
  • a plurality of radiating units arranged at equal intervals form an array.
  • the array includes a 3 ⁇ 3 matrix.
  • two adjacent radiating units in the same row have the same phase and have the same phase as one another.
  • the phases of the radiating units are 180 degrees out of phase, and the phases of two adjacent radiating units in each same column are the same and are 180 degrees out of phase with the phase of another radiating unit;
  • the distance between the center points of two adjacent radiating units is 0.6 ⁇ to 0.8 ⁇ , and ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the rectangular shaped array antenna.
  • the orthographic projection of each guide piece on the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit is located in the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit.
  • the radiating unit is a dual-polarization half-wave oscillator, and the maximum lateral dimension of the guide plate is 0.3 ⁇ to 0.4 ⁇ , and ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the rectangular shaped array antenna.
  • the guiding pieces are in a centrally symmetrical pattern, and each guiding piece is arranged coaxially with the corresponding radiating unit.
  • the distance between the guide plate and the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit is 0.45 ⁇ to 0.55 ⁇ , and ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the rectangular shaped array antenna.
  • the power ratio of the three radiating elements in each row is the same as the power ratio of the three radiating elements in the remaining two rows, and the three radiating elements in each column
  • the unit power ratio is the same as the power ratio of the three radiation units in the remaining two columns.
  • the number of the radiation units is 9 and they form a 3 ⁇ 3 array.
  • a metal reflector is further included, and a plurality of the radiation units are installed on the surface of the metal reflector.
  • the pattern of the first and last radiation elements of the same row is superimposed, and the recess is filled by the middle radiation element, so that a substantially square pattern can be obtained.
  • three radiating elements in the same column can also form a similar pattern to achieve three-dimensional square beam coverage.
  • the guide plate can narrow the main beam and increase the directivity of the radiation unit, which can effectively improve the beam drop effect and reduce the sidelobe suppression, and finally achieve the main beam waveform on the main coverage in a three-dimensional square, and outside the half power angle The purpose of the lobe can fall quickly.
  • the above-mentioned rectangular shaped array antenna has a simple structure and only requires 9 radiating elements at least, so miniaturization can be achieved.
  • An indoor base station comprising the rectangular shaped array antenna according to any one of the above preferred embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular shaped array antenna in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the rectangular shaped array antenna shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the phase distribution of radiating elements in the rectangular shaped array antenna shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power distribution of the radiating element in the rectangular shaped array antenna shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a radiation pattern diagram of two horizontally-directed antiphase radiating units superimposed
  • Fig. 6 is a radiation pattern diagram of adding a radiating unit in the middle of the two radiating units of Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern diagram of the radiation unit shown in FIG. 6 after adjusting the power distribution
  • Fig. 8 is a radiation pattern diagram of adding a guide plate to the radiating unit shown in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a vertical direction view of the rectangular shaped array antenna shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 10 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of the rectangular shaped array antenna shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 11 is a three-dimensional radiation pattern of the rectangular shaped array antenna shown in Fig. 1.
  • the present invention provides a rectangular shaped array antenna 100.
  • the present invention also provides an indoor base station. With the aid of the rectangular shaped array antenna 100, the indoor base station can realize signal transmission and reception in a large indoor space with dense human traffic.
  • the rectangular shaped array antenna 100 in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a radiating unit 110 and a guide plate 120.
  • the radiation unit 110 is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • the radiation unit 110 in this embodiment is a ⁇ 45° dual-polarization radiation unit, and its operating frequency is between 2510 MHz and 2680 MHz.
  • a plurality of radiating units 110 are arranged at equal intervals to form an array, and the array includes a 3 ⁇ 3 matrix.
  • the array composed of multiple radiation units 110 may include one or more 3 ⁇ 3 matrices. For example, assuming that the array is a 4 ⁇ 4 array, it can include four 3 ⁇ 3 matrices.
  • the number of radiating units 110 is 9 and they form a 3 ⁇ 3 array. Therefore, only one 3 ⁇ 3 matrix is included in the array formed by the radiating unit 110. At this time, the rectangular shaped array antenna 100 requires the least number of radiating elements 110, which is beneficial to reduce the volume and mass.
  • the number of radiating units 110 may be more than 9 as long as the array formed by them can be guaranteed to include at least one 3 ⁇ 3 matrix.
  • the rectangular shaped array antenna 100 further includes a metal reflector 130, and a plurality of radiation units 110 are installed on the surface of the metal reflector 130.
  • the radiation unit 110 may be fixed to the metal reflector 130 by welding, plastic parts clamping, and the like.
  • the metal reflector 130 can support the radiation unit 110 and at the same time reflect electromagnetic wave signals, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of receiving and sending the radiation unit 110.
  • the metal reflector 130 may be omitted.
  • the radiation unit 110 can be directly mounted on the substrate of the feed network.
  • two adjacent radiating units 110 in the same row have the same phase and a phase difference of 180 degrees from another radiating unit 110, and two adjacent radiating units 110 in the same column have the same phase.
  • the phase difference with the other radiating unit 110 is 180 degrees.
  • the phase of the first two radiating elements 110 in the first row and the second row is 0 degrees, and the phase of the last radiating element 110 is 180 degrees; the phase of the first two radiating elements 110 in the third row is 180 degrees. Degree, the phase of the last radiating unit 110 is 0 degree.
  • the phase of the first two radiating elements 110 in the first column and the second column is 0 degrees, and the phase of the last radiating element 110 is 180 degrees; the phase of the first two radiating elements 110 in the third column is 180 degrees, and the phase of the last one is 180 degrees.
  • the phase of the radiation unit 110 is 0 degrees.
  • phase distribution of the multiple radiating units 110 is not limited to the above-mentioned one.
  • the phase distribution of the multiple radiation units 110 in other embodiments may be mirror images of the phase distribution shown in FIG. 3.
  • the radiation index of the rectangular shaped array antenna 10 is briefly analyzed.
  • the two radiating elements 110 In the X direction, there are two radiating elements 110 with equal amplitude and antiphase (that is, two radiating elements 110 at the beginning and end of each row, with the same power and 180 degrees out of phase). At this time, the two radiating units 110 are superimposed to obtain a directional pattern as shown in FIG. 5 in the X direction.
  • the distance between the two radiation isolation units 110 is about 1.5 ⁇ , and ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the rectangular shaped array antenna 100.
  • the distance d between the center points of two adjacent radiation units 110 is 0.6 ⁇ to 0.8 ⁇ . At this distance, the three radiating units 110 in the same row can achieve a better superposition effect.
  • the boundary of the pattern can be further modified.
  • the power ratio of the three radiating units 110 to 20:10:1
  • the directional pattern as shown in FIG. 7 can be obtained. It can be seen that the above pattern has basically achieved the effect of a square beam, but its two indicators of "beam width from 3dB to 20dB power drop angle" and "sidelobe suppression" are not ideal.
  • a guide piece 120 is introduced for each radiation unit 110.
  • the guide piece 120 can conduct electricity, so that it can also be used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals.
  • the guiding piece 120 may be a metal piece or a PCB structure.
  • the plurality of guiding sheets 120 corresponds to the plurality of radiation units 110 one-to-one. That is, each radiation unit 110 is provided with a guide sheet 120.
  • the guiding piece 120 can be installed with the radiation unit 110 through a plastic part, so that it is insulated from the corresponding radiation unit 110 and the metal reflective plate 130.
  • Each guide piece 120 is suspended on the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit 110.
  • adding a conductive guide plate 120 above the radiating unit 110 can narrow the main beam and increase the directivity.
  • the beam drop effect in the X direction can be effectively improved and the sidelobe suppression can be reduced. It can be seen that not only the square beam coverage in the X direction is achieved, but the two indicators of "beam width from 3dB to 20dB power drop angle" and "sidelobe suppression" have also been significantly improved. Further, by superimposing the radiation patterns of the three rows of radiation units 110, the radiation pattern as shown in FIG. 9 can be obtained.
  • the above-mentioned rectangular shaped array antenna 10 finally achieves the purpose of the main beam waveform being a three-dimensional square in the main coverage direction, and the lobe can fall quickly outside the half power angle.
  • the size of the guiding piece 120 is generally slightly smaller than the size of the radiation unit 110. Therefore, in this embodiment, the orthographic projection of each guide sheet 120 on the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit 110 is located within the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit 110.
  • the lateral size of the guide plate 120 does not exceed the range of the radiation surface of the corresponding radiating unit 110, so the beam narrowing effect of the radiating unit 110 is better.
  • the radiating unit 110 is a dual-polarized half-wave oscillator, and the maximum lateral dimension of the guide plate 120 is 0.3 ⁇ to 0.4 ⁇ , and ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the rectangular shaped array antenna 10.
  • the dual-polarized half-wave oscillator is a common and reliable radiating element with a size of 0.5 ⁇ . Therefore, the maximum lateral dimension of the guide plate 120 is 0.3 ⁇ to 0.4 ⁇ , which can ensure that the guide plate 120 does not exceed the range of the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit 110.
  • the shape of the guiding piece 120 may be square, rectangular, circular, or cross-shaped. Specifically, in this embodiment, the guiding pieces 120 are in a centrally symmetrical pattern, and each guiding piece 120 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding radiating unit 110. More specifically, the guiding piece 120 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is rectangular.
  • the guiding sheet 120 can have substantially the same effect on different directions when narrowing the beam, thereby further improving the symmetry of the pattern of the rectangular shaped array antenna 10.
  • the distance between the guide plate 120 and the radiation surface of the corresponding radiation unit 110 is 0.45 ⁇ to 0.55 ⁇ . According to analysis, when the guide plate 120 is located at this position, the directivity of the beam of the radiation unit 110 can be better improved, thereby further improving the sidelobe suppression index.
  • the power ratio of the three radiating elements 110 in each row is the same as the power ratio of the three radiating elements 110 in the remaining two rows, and the power ratio of the three radiating elements 110 in each column is equal to The power ratios of the three radiating units 110 in the remaining two columns are the same.
  • the power ratio of the three radiating elements 110 in each row is 20:10:1, and the power ratio of the three radiating elements 110 in each column is also 20:10:1.
  • the waveform of the rectangular shaped array antenna 10 is the best. Among them, the power distribution can be controlled through the feeding process.
  • the power ratio of the radiation unit 110 is not limited to 20:10:1. Moreover, the power of some of the radiation units 110 is also fine-tuned to change the power ratio. Although this will slightly reduce the overall effect, it basically achieves the goal of shaping.
  • the pattern of the first and last two radiating elements 110 in the same row are superimposed, and the recess is filled by the radiating element 110 in the middle, and a substantially square pattern can be obtained.
  • the three radiating units 110 in the same column can also form a similar pattern, so as to achieve three-dimensional square beam coverage.
  • the guide plate 120 can narrow the main beam and increase the directivity of the radiation unit 110, thereby effectively improving the beam drop effect and reducing the sidelobe suppression, and finally achieves that the main beam waveform is square in the main coverage cross-sectional direction.
  • the purpose of the half-power angle outer lobe can fall quickly.
  • the above-mentioned rectangular shaped array antenna 10 has a simple structure, requiring at least 9 radiating elements 110, so miniaturization can be achieved.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une antenne réseau de forme rectangulaire. Dans une matrice 3 × 3, des motifs directionnels de deux unités rayonnantes opposées au début et à la fin de la même rangée sont superposés, et un creux est rempli au moyen d'une unité de rayonnement intermédiaire, de telle sorte qu'un motif directionnel grossièrement carré peut être obtenu. De même, trois unités rayonnantes dans la même colonne peuvent également former un motif directionnel similaire, ce qui permet de mettre en oeuvre une couverture de faisceau carrée tridimensionnelle. En outre, une feuille de guidage peut rétrécir un faisceau principal et augmenter la directivité de l'unité de rayonnement, de telle sorte qu'un effet de chute de faisceau peut être efficacement amélioré et la suppression des lobes latéraux peut être réduite, et enfin, les objectifs selon lesquels la forme d'onde du faisceau principal se présente sous une forme carrée tridimensionnelle sur une couverture principale et qu'un lobe peut rapidement tomber hors d'un angle de demi-puissance sont obtenus. De plus, l'antenne réseau de forme rectangulaire a une structure simple et ne requiert que neuf unités rayonnantes, par conséquent, une miniaturisation peut être mise en œuvre. En outre, la présente invention concerne également une station de base intérieure.
PCT/CN2020/116087 2019-12-31 2020-09-18 Antenne réseau de forme rectangulaire et station de base intérieure WO2021135401A1 (fr)

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CN201911418270.3 2019-12-31
CN201911418270.3A CN111048912A (zh) 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 矩形赋形阵列天线及室内基站

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111048912A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 矩形赋形阵列天线及室内基站
CN112886284B (zh) * 2021-01-04 2023-08-01 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 辐射单元方向图调控结构及调控方法
CN113451754B (zh) * 2021-03-09 2023-04-14 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 一种矩形赋形阵列天线

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100088924A1 (en) * 2008-10-15 2010-04-15 Monk Anthony D Blower system to remove precipitation from an antenna
CN204303982U (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 浙江逸畅通信技术有限公司 一种应用于td-fad智能阵列天线的辐射单元
CN109273828A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-25 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 一种小型化宽频矩形赋形阵列天线
CN209357925U (zh) * 2019-01-23 2019-09-06 华南理工大学 双极化振子及天线
CN111048912A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 矩形赋形阵列天线及室内基站
CN210957024U (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-07-07 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 矩形赋形阵列天线及室内基站

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100088924A1 (en) * 2008-10-15 2010-04-15 Monk Anthony D Blower system to remove precipitation from an antenna
CN204303982U (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 浙江逸畅通信技术有限公司 一种应用于td-fad智能阵列天线的辐射单元
CN109273828A (zh) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-25 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 一种小型化宽频矩形赋形阵列天线
CN209357925U (zh) * 2019-01-23 2019-09-06 华南理工大学 双极化振子及天线
CN111048912A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 矩形赋形阵列天线及室内基站
CN210957024U (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-07-07 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 矩形赋形阵列天线及室内基站

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