WO2019114774A1 - 电池系统及电动汽车 - Google Patents

电池系统及电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019114774A1
WO2019114774A1 PCT/CN2018/120765 CN2018120765W WO2019114774A1 WO 2019114774 A1 WO2019114774 A1 WO 2019114774A1 CN 2018120765 W CN2018120765 W CN 2018120765W WO 2019114774 A1 WO2019114774 A1 WO 2019114774A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
score
battery
battery system
electrode
land
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/120765
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲁志佩
蒋露霞
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020207020284A priority Critical patent/KR20200097329A/ko
Priority to JP2020532544A priority patent/JP2021507452A/ja
Priority to US16/772,670 priority patent/US20200313150A1/en
Priority to EP18888554.5A priority patent/EP3726624A4/en
Publication of WO2019114774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114774A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/445—Methods for charging or discharging in response to gas pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and relates to a battery system and an electric vehicle.
  • batteries play an important role in various industries.
  • battery systems composed of multiple single cells are widely used in new energy vehicles and other fields.
  • the battery system generally includes a series circuit in which a plurality of unit cells connected in series are disposed to perform charging and discharging work.
  • an abnormality such as overcharging of the single cell is likely to occur, which may cause a battery explosion.
  • a current interrupting device is usually disposed in a corresponding single cell of the series circuit.
  • the trigger current interrupting device When an abnormality such as overcharge occurs in a single cell in the series circuit, the trigger current interrupting device is turned on to cause the interior of the single cell. The current is disconnected to achieve protection of the single cell.
  • the current interrupt device is abnormally turned on, the entire series circuit is broken.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery system including at least one series circuit in which at least one first battery pack is disposed, and the first battery pack includes at least two first single cells connected in parallel Providing a current interruption device on the first unit battery; the current interruption device of the first unit battery is configured to disconnect the first unit battery when an abnormality occurs in the unit battery Internal current.
  • the series circuit further includes a second battery pack connected in series with the first battery pack, the second battery pack including a plurality of second battery cells not provided with the current interrupting device.
  • the first unit cell includes a battery core and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being electrically connected to the battery core, the electrode terminal including an electrode inner terminal and an electrode outer terminal, the electrode inner terminal Electrically connected to the battery cell; the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by the current interrupting device.
  • the current interrupting device includes: a scoring member electrically connected to the electrode inner terminal; and a flip member electrically connected to the scoring member and the electrode outer terminal, respectively, and The interior of the first unit cell is in gas communication.
  • the indentation member includes a scored region formed with a score, a first weld zone for electrically interconnecting the flip member, and a second weld zone for electrically connecting the terminal within the electrode,
  • the inverting member is capable of acting under the action of air pressure to break the indentation, the indentation is disposed around the first weld zone, and at least one of the first weld zone and the second weld zone is inscribed with the engraved Traces are set.
  • the score is disposed opposite the first weld zone and the second weld zone.
  • the indentation member includes a boss projecting from the scored region, the first land is formed on the boss, and the score is formed on the score region And disposed around the boss.
  • the first land is formed by the upper surface of the boss and parallel to the scored region, and the outer periphery of the upper surface is provided with a ring-shaped solder joint.
  • an outer circumference of the score region is formed with a ring wall that protrudes in the same direction as the boss, and the second land is formed on an outer circumference of the ring wall and the boss The upper edge is aligned in the height direction and the outer wall of the ring wall is for electrical connection with the inner terminal of the electrode.
  • the second weld zone, the scored zone, and the first weld zone are arranged in a radial direction from the outside to the inside, and are formed from the outside to the inside to gradually approach the stepped structure of the flip member,
  • the score is disposed around the first weld zone.
  • an outer circumference of the scored region is formed with a ring wall that is convexly protruding from the boss, and the second land is formed on an outer circumference of the ring wall and is nicked The regions are parallel, and the outer periphery of the second land is formed with a ring-shaped solder joint.
  • the side walls of the boss and the ring wall are perpendicular to the scored area, respectively.
  • the first weld zone, the score zone, and the second weld zone are each formed in a ring structure.
  • the flip member is formed with a first connection region for electrically connecting to the scoring member and a second connection region for electrically connecting to the electrode outer terminal, the flip member further A deformation buffer is formed, the deformation buffer being disposed between the first connection region and the second connection region, and disposed around the first connection region.
  • the inverting member is a sheet-like structure forming a taper shape, the small end of the taper being formed as the first connecting region, and the large end being formed as the second connecting portion away from the scoring member .
  • the deformation buffer is formed as an annular groove structure surrounding the first connection region.
  • the annular groove structure has a radial cross section that is curved or angled.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle including the battery system provided by the present disclosure.
  • the first battery pack includes at least two first single cells connected in parallel, and a current interrupting device is disposed on the first single battery.
  • the risk of powering down the entire series circuit due to abnormal opening of a current interrupting device can be reduced, so that the external control system based on the battery system has sufficient emergency time for related processing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system in which a series circuit is in a normal operating state, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the series circuit is in an open state;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a current interrupting device is abnormally activated;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a current interrupting device of a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a scoring member according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective structural view of a flip member according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • orientation words used such as “up, down, left, and right,” are generally defined on the basis of the direction of the drawing of the corresponding drawing, and "inside and outside” means Inside and outside of the contour of the corresponding part.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are schematic structural views of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the battery system includes at least one series circuit 10, and the series circuit 10 is provided with at least one first battery pack 20, and the first battery pack 20 includes at least two first cells connected in parallel.
  • the battery 21 is provided with a current interrupting device on the first unit cell 21.
  • the current interruption means on the first unit cell 21 is for disconnecting the internal current of the first unit cell 21 when an abnormality occurs in the first unit cell 21.
  • the abnormality of the single cell may include, for example, a dangerous state in which the single cell is overcharged, a short circuit of the single cell during use, and thermal runaway.
  • the first unit cell 21 may have any suitable structure.
  • the first unit cell 21 includes a battery cell and an electrode terminal electrically connected to the battery cell, and the electrode terminal can be used for input and output of current.
  • the current interrupting device can be placed on the electrode terminal. When the first unit cell 21 is in a normal state, the current interrupting device does not work, and at this time, the inside of the first unit cell 21 is in an on state, that is, the electrical connection between the cell and the electrode terminal is normal, and normal.
  • a second battery pack 30 may be disposed in the series circuit 10, wherein the second battery pack 30 may include a plurality of uninterruptible current interrupting devices.
  • the second unit cell 31, the plurality of second unit cells 31 are connected in series, or connected in parallel, or are connected in series and in parallel, and FIGS. 1 to 3 are connected in series only by n-1 second cells 31.
  • the second unit cell 31 may also include a battery cell and an electrode terminal electrically connected to the battery cell.
  • the second battery pack 30 is connected in series with the first battery pack 20 to form an entire power battery; wherein the second battery pack 30 is composed of a second single battery 31 that is not provided with a current interrupting device, as a power battery.
  • the energy storage component; the first battery pack 20 is composed of a first single cell 21 provided with a current interrupting device, not only as an energy storage component of the power battery, but also as a safety structure design for controlling the entire circuit to be turned on and off under extreme conditions.
  • the second unit cells 31 may be connected in series to form the second battery unit 30, or the second battery unit 30 may be formed in parallel or in combination.
  • the current interrupting device disposed on the first unit cell 21 does not operate, and the first unit cell (single cell Cn(a) And the inside of Cn(b)) is in a conducting state, that is, the battery core and the electrode terminal are electrically connected normally, and current input and output can be normally performed through the electrode terminal.
  • the entire series circuit 10 is in a normal working state, and can be performed. Charge and discharge work for all single cells.
  • the current interrupting device disposed on the first unit cell 21 is turned on, thereby providing the first single cell of the current interrupting device (single The internals of the body batteries Cn(a) and Cn(b)) are in an off state, and the current of the entire series circuit is cut off to prevent further thermal runaway of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 take the battery system as a series circuit, the series circuit is provided with a first battery pack 20, and the first battery pack 20 includes two parallel first battery cells 21 as an example, in order to further reduce the current.
  • the probability of the battery system being powered off due to abnormal startup of the interrupting device may also increase the first single cell connected in parallel in the first battery pack and the current interrupting device on the first cell to be added, or may be connected in series Adding a first battery pack or adding a series circuit to the entire battery system, and the like.
  • the current interrupting device may be a mechanical structure that induces air pressure.
  • the current interrupting device is in gas communication with the interior of the unit cell and is capable of functioning to disconnect the single cell under the action of air pressure.
  • Internal current In some embodiments, the transfer of current can be interrupted by disconnecting the internal components to cut off the charge and discharge of the cells in time.
  • the air pressure source used therein is: when the single battery is in an abnormal state such as overcharge, a gas is generated inside the single battery, and then the air pressure inside the outer casing is raised, or the temperature of the single battery is abnormal during use. When rising, the internal gas pressure of the unit cell rises, thereby generating the pneumatic power of the drive current interrupting device.
  • the first unit cell 21 includes a battery core and an electrode terminal
  • the electrical connection, the electrode inner terminal 213 and the electrode outer terminal 214 are electrically connected by a current interrupting device, and the current interrupting device controls the current input and current of the electrode terminal by controlling the opening and closing of the electrical connection between the electrode inner terminal 213 and the electrode outer terminal 214. Output to protect the entire series circuit when an abnormality occurs in the first cell.
  • the current interrupting device includes a scoring member 221 and a flip member 222, wherein the scoring member 221 is electrically connected to the electrode inner terminal 213, and the flip member 222 is electrically connected to the scoring member 221 and the electrode outer terminal 214, respectively.
  • the inverting member 222 is in gas communication with the inside of the unit cell 21 to be able to be turned over under the action of air pressure to break the electrical connection with the scoring member 221.
  • the disconnection of the self structure may be achieved by disconnecting at least one of the two, for example by machining a weak score on the corresponding component, thereby achieving disconnection of the electrical connection
  • a score 223 can be formed on the score member 221. That is, under the action of the internal air pressure, the indentation 223 can be broken by the inversion operation of the inverting member 222 to achieve the disconnection of the electrical connection, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting off the current.
  • the current to be passed is large, it is necessary to ensure that the welded structure of the score member 221 and the flip member 222 is stable, and a large current fuse welded structure is avoided.
  • the score 223 on the score member 221 that is, the weak portion having a smaller strength than the other regions is processed in the corresponding portion, the complete disconnection of the score member 221 and the flip member 222 can be completed, and the score is usually around the score.
  • the weld zone of the piece and the flip piece is set to ensure complete disconnection of the two.
  • the score member 221 and the flip member 222 of the current interrupting device of the two embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the current interrupting device of the present disclosure includes a score member 221 and a flip member 222, the score member 221 including a score region 225 formed with a score 223, In a first land 224 electrically connected to the flip member 222, and a second land 231 for electrically connecting to the electrode terminal 213, the flip member 222 can be operated under the action of air pressure to break the score 223.
  • the indenting member 221 is disconnected from the electrical connection, and after the inverting member 222 breaks the indentation 221, the inverting member 222 is electrically disconnected from the second land 231, thereby being electrically disconnected from the electrode inner terminal 213, and the notch 223 is around the first
  • the weld zone 224 is disposed, the score 223 may be an annular shape surrounding the first weld zone 224, and at least one of the first weld zone 224 and the second weld zone 231 is disposed opposite the score 223.
  • the plane in which the score 223 is located and at least one of the first land 224 and the second land 231 are not in one plane, which can effectively eliminate the external force transmitted by the flip member 222 on the score 221 on the score member 221
  • the mechanical impact is also capable of eliminating the thermal effects of the weld stress of the weld zone 224 on the area of the score 223.
  • the score 223 around the first land 224 can be broken under the action of the air pressure inside the unit cell, and the electrical connection between the flip member 222 and the score member 221 is broken as a whole to interrupt the current.
  • the score 223 is simultaneously disposed differently from the first land 224 and the second land 231.
  • the second land 231 The score area 225, the first land 224 is sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside in the radial direction, and is formed from the outside to the inside to gradually approach the step structure of the flip member 222, and the second land 231 is also different from the score area 225, and three
  • the step structure formed by the person has a buffering function, which can avoid the thermal influence of the welding stress of the two weld zones on the score 223, and can also buffer the external force transmitted from the terminal direction of the electrode, making the current interruption device more reliable.
  • the score member 221 includes a scored region 225 and a boss 226 projecting from the scored region 225, the first A weld zone 224 is formed on the boss 226, and a score 223 is formed on the scored area 225 and disposed around the boss 226.
  • the first land 224 is formed by the upper surface of the boss 226 and parallel to the score region 225, and the outer periphery of the upper surface is provided with a ring-shaped solder joint .
  • the flip member 222 is formed with a first connection region 227 for electrically connecting with the scoring member 221 and a second connection region 228 for electrically connecting to the electrode outer terminal 214, wherein the first connection region 227 may be formed as A connecting hole for the boss 226 is received.
  • the boss 226 may have a cylindrical structure, or may have a through-hole structure in the axial direction of the cylindrical structure; in other embodiments, different regions of the two regions may be realized by various convex or concave structures. Settings.
  • the tip end of the electrode inner terminal 213 is provided with a receiving groove, and for this, the outer periphery of the notch region 225 is provided.
  • a ring wall 229 is formed which protrudes in the same direction as the boss 226. The upper edge of the ring wall 229 is aligned with the upper edge of the boss 226 in the height direction, and the upper edge of the outer wall of the ring wall 229 is used for the unit cell.
  • the electrode inner terminals 213 are electrically connected to form a second land, which is shaped to fit the groove wall of the receiving groove of the electrode inner terminal 213 and is welded by the annular land, and in this embodiment, the score member 221 can be completely accommodated.
  • the structure is stabilized by entering the receiving groove of the electrode inner terminal 213.
  • the inner terminal 213 of the electrode is still provided with a receiving groove, and the boss 226 of the scoring member 221 protrudes from the receiving groove, in some
  • the outer periphery of the scored area 225 is formed with a ring wall 229 which is oppositely protruded from the boss 226.
  • the second land 231 is formed on the outer periphery of the ring wall 229 and is parallel to the scored area 225 so as to be engraved
  • the trace member 221 is formed as the step structure described above, wherein the outer peripheral edge of the second land 231 is formed with an annular solder joint electrically connected to the electrode inner terminal 213 of the battery, and in some embodiments, the lower surface of the second land 231 may be It is placed on the bottom wall of the accommodating groove, and the outer peripheral edge is welded to the side wall of the accommodating groove by a ring-shaped solder joint, and the structure is also stable. That is, in the second embodiment, the first land 224, the scored area 225, and the second land 231 are all disposed differently.
  • the side wall of the boss 226 and the ring wall 229 are perpendicular to the scored area 225, respectively, and may also have a certain angle in other embodiments, for example, forming a zigzag step.
  • the first weld zone 224, the score zone 225, and the second weld zone 231 may each be an annular structure, that is, the first weld zone 224 has a center hole. In other embodiments, the first weld zone 224 may also have no center hole.
  • the scoring member 221 in the current interrupting device of the two embodiments has been described above, and the flip member 222 in the current interrupting device of the two embodiments will be described below.
  • the inverting member 222 of the current interrupting device of the present application is formed with a first connection region 227 for electrically connecting to the scoring member 221 and an electrode external terminal 214 for electrically connecting to the battery.
  • the connected second connection region 228 is further formed with a deformation buffer 233 disposed between the first connection region 227 and the second connection region 228 and disposed around the first connection region 227. .
  • the deformation buffer means that the area can be deformed prior to the flip member 222 itself, the first connection region 227, the second connection region 228, and the score member 221 under the action of an external force, thereby buffering the external force, and then relieving the external force for the first
  • the impact of the contact region 227 and the score 223 on the score member 221 enhances the reliability of the current interrupting device 22.
  • the inverting member 222 is a sheet-like structure forming a taper shape, and the small end of the taper is formed as a first connecting portion 227, the big end is away from the scoring member 221 and formed as a second Connection area 228.
  • the tapered structure can dispose the two connecting regions differently and can provide a space for the flip member 222 to be turned upside down to break the score 223.
  • the flip member 222 may also be a flat member having elasticity or the like.
  • the deformation buffer 233 in the present disclosure is formed as an annular groove structure surrounding the first connection region 227.
  • the deformation buffer can be achieved by the relative movement between the groove walls of the annular groove.
  • the deformation buffer 233 can also be realized by a structure such as a deformation chamber or an elastic material.
  • the annular groove structure has an arcuate cross section, for example, a semicircular shape that protrudes toward the electrode outer terminal 214.
  • the external force transmitted from the second connection region 228 can be absorbed by the deformation of the arcuate groove wall, which in turn reduces the impact on the first connection region 227 and the score member 221.
  • the radial cross section of the annular groove structure may also be an angular shape, such that the two sides of the angular shape are two groove walls, and can also be deformed by an external force.
  • the boss 226 of the indentation member 221 protrudes from the receiving groove of the electrode terminal 213.
  • the angled annular groove can be designed to face the incision member. The 221 is protruded, and the groove bottom is formed on one side of the boss, so that the flip member 222 as a whole can be formed in a Z-like structure to achieve buffering of the external force.
  • the electrode outer terminal 222 is formed into a cap structure and may be formed with a through hole 235 for use in the flip member
  • the gas is exhausted, so as to avoid the action of the flipper under the action of the air pressure.
  • the first unit cell provided by the present disclosure further includes a housing, the battery core is housed in the housing, the first unit battery further includes a cover assembly of the package housing, wherein the electrode inner terminal is electrically connected to the battery core, and the flip member
  • the cover assembly includes a cover plate, an electrode inner terminal 213 located inside the cover plate, and an electrode outer terminal 214 located outside the cover plate, and the electrode inner terminal 213 and the electrode outer terminal 214 pass the above
  • the current interrupting device is electrically connected, the electrode outer terminal 214 is electrically connected to the inverting member 222, and the scoring member 221 is electrically connected to the electrode inner terminal 213.
  • the electrode inner terminal 213 is soldered to the inner lead-out member electrically connected to the battery core.
  • the inner lead-out member can be formed with a soldering hole, and the inner electrode terminal 213 is formed into a columnar structure and embedded in the soldering hole to be inserted into the inner lead-out member. welding.
  • a cover insulating member is disposed between the cover plate and the inner lead-out member, and the inner terminal of the electrode may pass through the cover insulating member with a gap to be welded with the scoring member, and further, in order to ensure the sealing property,
  • the support ring is included, and the lower end of the support ring is welded on the cover plate, wherein ceramic is used as the material to ensure the insulation of the current interrupting device and the cover plate, and a hole is formed in the cover plate to facilitate the installation of the current interrupting device.
  • the inner lead member is formed with air holes through which the gas can be applied to the flip member 222.
  • a battery system comprising at least one series circuit, wherein at least one first battery pack is disposed in the series circuit, the first battery pack includes at least two first single cells connected in parallel, in the first single cell
  • a current interrupting device is disposed on the battery; and the current interrupting device in the first single cell is configured to disconnect an internal current of the first single cell when an abnormality occurs in the first single cell.
  • the series circuit further includes a second battery pack connected in series with the first battery pack, the second battery pack including a plurality of second battery cells not provided with the current interrupting device, When an abnormality occurs in at least one of the second cells, a current interrupting device of each of the first cells in the first battery pack is turned on to cut off the series circuit.
  • the first unit cell includes a battery core and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being electrically connected to the battery core, the electrode terminal including an electrode inner terminal and an electrode outer terminal, the electrode inner terminal Electrically connected to the battery cell; the electrode inner terminal and the electrode outer terminal are electrically connected by the current interrupting device.
  • the current interrupting device includes: a scoring member electrically connected to the electrode inner terminal; and a flip member electrically connected to the scoring member and the electrode outer terminal, respectively, and The interior of the first unit cell is in gas communication.
  • the indentation member includes a scored region formed with a score, a first land for electrically interconnecting the inverting member, and a second for electrically connecting the terminal within the electrode a welding zone, the inverting member is capable of acting under the action of air pressure to break the indentation, and the inverting member may be electrically disconnected from the inner terminal of the electrode after the indentation is broken, the notch surrounding the first welding The zone is disposed, and at least one of the first weld zone and the second weld zone is disposed opposite the score.
  • the score is disposed opposite the first weld zone and the second weld zone.
  • the indentation member includes a boss projecting from the scored region, the first land is formed on the boss, and the score is formed on the score region And disposed around the boss.
  • the first land is formed by the upper surface of the boss and parallel to the scored region, and the outer periphery of the upper surface is provided with a ring-shaped solder joint.
  • an outer circumference of the score region is formed with a ring wall that protrudes in the same direction as the boss, and the second land is formed on an outer circumference of the ring wall and the boss The upper edge is aligned in the height direction and the outer wall of the ring wall is for electrical connection with the inner terminal of the electrode.
  • the second weld zone, the scored zone, and the first weld zone are arranged in a radial direction from the outside to the inside, and are formed from the outside to the inside to gradually approach the stepped structure of the flip member,
  • the score is disposed around the first weld zone.
  • an outer circumference of the scored region is formed with a ring wall that is convexly protruding from the boss, and the second land is formed on an outer circumference of the ring wall and is nicked The regions are parallel, and the outer periphery of the second land is formed with a ring-shaped solder joint.
  • the side walls of the boss and the ring wall are perpendicular to the scored area, respectively.
  • the first weld zone, the score zone, and the second weld zone are each formed in a ring structure.
  • the flip member is formed with a first connection region for electrically connecting to the scoring member and a second connection region for electrically connecting to the electrode outer terminal, the flip member further A deformation buffer is formed, the deformation buffer being disposed between the first connection region and the second connection region, and disposed around the first connection region.
  • the inverting member is a sheet-like structure forming a taper shape, the small end of the taper being formed as the first connecting region, and the large end being formed as the second connecting portion away from the scoring member .
  • the deformation buffer is formed as an annular groove structure surrounding the first connection region.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle including the battery system as described above.

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Abstract

一种电池系统及电动汽车，电池系统包括至少一条串联回路，所述串联回路中设置有至少一个第一电池组，所述第一电池组包括至少2个并联的第一单体电池，在所述第一单体电池上设置有电流中断装置；所述第一单体电池中的电流中断装置用于，在所述第一单体电池发生异常时，断开所述第一单体电池的内部电流。

Description

电池系统及电动汽车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2017年12月13日提交的、发明名称为“电池系统及电动汽车”的中国专利申请号“201711332873.2”的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池领域，涉及一种电池系统及电动汽车。
背景技术
电池作为储能单元在各行各业均有重要作用，例如由多个单体电池组成的电池系统广泛用于新能源汽车等领域。电池系统通常包括一串联回路，串联回路上设置有多个串联连接的单体电池以实现充放电的工作。然而，在电池系统的充电过程中，容易出现单体电池过充等异常而引发电池爆炸的情况。
为了解决该问题，相关技术，通常在串联回路的相应单体电池中设置电流中断装置，当串联回路中有单体电池出现过充等异常时，触发电流中断装置开启而致使单体电池的内部电流断开，以实现对单体电池的保护。然而，当电流中断装置异常开启时，会导致整个串联回路断路。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种电池系统及电动汽车，以解决因电流中断装置异常开启而导致串联回路断电的风险。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种电池系统，包括至少一条串联回路，所述串联回路中设置有至少一个第一电池组，所述第一电池组包括至少2个并联的第一单体电池，在所述第一单体电池上设置有电流中断装置；所述第一单体电池的电流中断装置用于，在所述单体电池发生异常时，断开所述第一单体电池的内部电流。
在一些实施例中，所述串联回路还包括与所述第一电池组串联连接的第二电池组，所述第二电池组包括多个未设置所述电流中断装置的第二单体电池。
在一些实施例中，所述第一单体电池包括电芯和电极端子，所述电极端子与所述电芯电连接，所述电极端子包括电极内端子和电极外端子，所述电极内端子与所述电芯电连接；所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子通过所述电流中断装置电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述电流中断装置包括：刻痕件，电连接在所述电极内端子上；翻转件，分别与所述刻痕件和所述电极外端子电连接，并且与所述第一单体电池的内部气体连通。
在一些实施例中,所述刻痕件包括形成有刻痕的刻痕区、用于与翻转件相互电连接的第一焊接区以及用于与电极内端子电连接的第二焊接区，所述翻转件能够在气压作用下动作以拉断所述刻痕，所述刻痕围绕所述第一焊接区设置，并且所述第一焊接区、第二焊接区中的至少一个与所述刻痕异面设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕与第一焊接区和第二焊接区异面设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕件包括从所述刻痕区凸出的凸台，所述第一焊接区形成在所述凸台上，所述刻痕形成在所述刻痕区上并且围绕所述凸台设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一焊接区由所述凸台上表面形成并与所述刻痕区平行，并且该上表面的外周缘设置有环形焊点。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕区的外周缘形成有与所述凸台同向凸出的环壁，所述第二焊接区形成在所述环壁的外周缘并与所述凸台的上边缘在高度方向上对齐，并且该环壁的外壁用于与所述电极内端子电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述第二焊接区、所述刻痕区、所述第一焊接区沿径向从外向内依次布置，并且从外向内形成为逐渐接近所述翻转件的台阶结构，所述刻痕围绕所述第一焊接区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕区的外周缘形成有与所述凸台反向凸出的环壁，所述第二焊接区形成在所述环壁的外周缘并与所述刻痕区平行，所述第二焊接区的外周缘形成有环形焊点。
在一些实施例中，所述凸台的侧壁和所述环壁分别与所述刻痕区垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述第一焊接区、所述刻痕区和所述第二焊接区分别形成为环状结构。
在一些实施例中，所述翻转件上形成有用于与所述刻痕件电连接的第一连接区和用于与所述电极外端子电连接的第二连接区，所述翻转件上还形成有变形缓冲区，所述变形缓冲区设置在所述第一连接区和所述第二连接区之间，并且围绕所述第一连接区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述翻转件为形成锥形的片状结构，该锥形的小端形成为所述第一连接区，大端远离所述刻痕件形成为所述第二连接区。
在一些实施例中，所述变形缓冲区形成为围绕所述第一连接区的环形槽结构。
在一些实施例中，所述环形槽结构的径向截面为弧形或角型。
本公开还提供一种电动汽车，包括本公开提供的电池系统。
通过上述技术方案，通过在串联回路中设置至少一个第一电池组，所述第一电池组包括至少2个并联的第一单体电池，在所述第一单体电池上设置电流中断装置，能够降低因某一个电流中断装置异常开启而导致整个串联回路断电的风险，使得基于该电池系统的外部控制系统有足够应急时间进行相关处理。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的一种示例性实施方式的电池系统的结构示意图，其中，串联回路呈正常工作状态；
图2是根据本公开的一种实施方式的电池系统的结构示意图，其中，串联回路呈断路状态；
图3是根据本公开的一种实施方式的电池系统的结构示意图，其中，电流中断装置异常启动；
图4是本公开第一实施方式的电流中断装置的剖视图；
图5是本公开第二实施方式的电流中断装置的剖视图；
图6是本公开基于第二实施方式提供的一种刻痕件的立体结构示意图；
图7是本公开基于第一实施方式提供的一种翻转件的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、左、右”通常是以相应附图的图面方向为基准定义的，“内、外”是指相应部件轮廓的内和外。
图1至图3是根据本公开的一种实施方式的电池系统的结构示意图。如图1至图3所示，该电池系统包括至少一条串联回路10，该串联回路10中设置有至少一个第一电池组20，该第一电池组20包括至少2个并联的第一单体电池21，并且在该第一单体电池21上设置有电流中断装置。其中第一单体电池21上的电流中断装置用于在该第一单体电池21发生异常时，断开第一单体电池21的内部电流。
在本公开的实施例中，单体电池发生异常的情况可以例如包括单体电池出现过充等危险状态、单体电池在使用过程发生短路导致热失控等。
在本公开的各实施方式中，第一单体电池21可以具有任意适当的结构。在一些实施例在中，第一单体电池21包括电芯和与电芯电连接的电极端子，电极端子可用于电流的输入和输出。电流中断装置可以设置在电极端子上。当所述第一单体电池21处于常规状态时，电流中断装置不工作，此时第一单体电池21的内部处于导通状态，即电芯与电极端子之间的电连接正常，可正常通过电极端子进行电流的输入和输出；当所述第一单体电池21处于异常状态时，例如单体电池21出现过充时，电流中断装置开启，使得电芯与电极端子之间的电连接断开，以此切断整个串联回路的电流，防止电池进一步热失控发生爆炸。
此外，考虑由于在动力电池的领域中，对电池容量的需求较大，在串联回路10中还可以设置第二电池组30，其中，第二电池组30可以包括多个未设置电流中断装置的第二单体电池31，多个第二单体电池31之间串联连接，或者并联连接，或者串并混联连接，图1至图3仅以n-1个第二单体电池31串联连接为例。并且第二单体电池31也可以包括电芯和与电芯电连接的电极端子。在相关实施例中，第二电池组30与第一电池组20串联，构成整个动力电池；其中，第二电池组30是未设置电流中断装置的第二单体电池31组成，作为动力电池的储能元件；第一电池组20是设置了电流中断装置的第一单体电池21组成，不仅作为动力电池的储能元件，还作为在极端状况下控制整个回路通断的安全结构设计。而在第二电池组30中，第二单体电池31可以串联构成第二电池组30，也可以并联或者混连构成第二电池组30。
如图1所示，当所述第一单体电池21处于正常工作状态时，设置在第一单体电池21上的电流中断装置不工作，第一单体电池(单体电池Cn(a)和Cn(b))的内部均处于导通状态，即电芯与电极端子电连接正常，可正常通过电极端子进行电流的输入和输出，此时，整个串联回路10处于正常工作状态，可进行对所有单体电池的充放电工作。
如图2所示，当电池系统中的某个或者某几个电池出现异常触发设置在第一单体电池21上的电流中断装置开启，由此设置有电流中断装置第一单体电池(单体电池Cn(a)和Cn(b))的内部处于断开状态，整个串联回路的电流被切断，防止电池进一步热失控。
如图3所示，当第一电池组20中的其中某一个第一单体电池21上的电流中断装置(单体电池Cn(b)上的电流中断装置)误开启时，该第一单体电池Cn(b)的电芯和电极端子之间的电连接断开，使得该第一单体电池电流输出被切断，但与之并联的另一第一单体电池21Cn(a)仍然处于正常工作状态，整个串联回路10仍可以保持继续工作状态，仅是容量减少。由此，可以降低电流中断装置误开启而导致整个串联回路被切断的风险，使得基于该电池系统的外部控制系统有足够应急时间进行相关处理。
应理解，图1至图3以电池系统包括一条串联回路、该串联回路设置一个第一电池组20以及第一电池组20包括两个并联的第一单体电池21为例，为了进一步降低电流中断装 置异常启动而导致电池系统断电的概率，还可以在第一电池组中增加并联的第一单体电池并在增加的第一单体电池上均设置电流中断装置，也可以在串联回路中增加第一电池组或者在整个电池系统增加串联回路等等。
在本公开的各实施方式中，电流中断装置可以为感应气压的机械结构，在一些实施例中，电流中断装置与单体电池的内部气体连通并能够在气压作用下作用断开单体电池的内部电流。在一些实施例中，可以通过断开内部的部件连接来中断电流的传递，从而及时切断单体电池的充放电。其中所利用的气压来源为：当单体电池出现过充等异常状态时，单体电池内部会产生气体继而使得外壳内部的气压升高，或者当单体电池在使用过程中出现异常导致其温度升高时，单体电池内部气压升高，从而产生驱动电流中断装置的气压动力。
以图4和图5所述的实施方式为例，第一单体电池21包括电芯和电极端子，电极端子可以包括电极内端子213和电极外端子214，其中，电极内端子213与电芯电连接，电极内端子213和电极外端子214通过电流中断装置电连接，电流中断装置通过控制电极内端子213和电极外端子214之间的电连接的通断来控制电极端子的电流输入和电流输出，从而在第一单体电池出现异常时实现对整个串联回路的保护。
进一步地，该电流中断装置包括刻痕件221和翻转件222，其中，刻痕件221电连接在电极内端子213上，该翻转件222分别与该刻痕件221和电极外端子214电连接，翻转件222与单体电池21的内部气体连通以能够在气压作用下翻转从而断开与刻痕件221的电连接。在本公开的实施方式中，可以为将二者中至少一个的本身断开，例如通过在相应部件上加工出薄弱的刻痕来实现本身结构的断开，从而实现电连接的断开，在一些实施例中，可在刻痕件221上形成有刻痕223。即，在内部的气压作用下，通过翻转件222的翻转动作可以拉断刻痕223而实现二者电连接的断开，从而实现切断电流的传递的目的。
考虑到在例如动力电池的领域中，需要通过的电流较大，因此需要保证刻痕件221和翻转件222的焊接结构稳定，避免大电流熔断焊接结构。这样通过在刻痕件221上设置刻痕223，即在相应部分加工出强度小于其他区域的薄弱部，就可以完成刻痕件221和翻转件222的完全断开，刻痕通常为围绕刻痕件和翻转件的焊接区设置，以保证二者的完全断开。
下面结合图4和图5介绍本公开两种实施方式的电流中断装置的刻痕件221和翻转件222。
在第一实施方式中，如图4所示，本公开所述的电流中断装置包括刻痕件221和翻转件222，所述刻痕件221包括形成有刻痕223的刻痕区225、用于与翻转件222相互电连接的第一焊接区224，以及用于与电极内端子213电连接的第二焊接区231，翻转件222能够在气压作用下动作以通过拉断刻痕223而与刻痕件221断开电连接，翻转件222拉断刻痕 221后，翻转件222与第二焊接区231断开电连接，进而与电极内端子213断开电连接，刻痕223围绕第一焊接区224设置，刻痕223可以为环绕第一焊接区224的环形，并且第一焊接区224、第二焊接区231中的至少一个与刻痕223异面设置。即，刻痕223所在的平面和第一焊接区224和第二焊接区231中的至少一个不在一个平面，这样能够有效消除由翻转件222传递来的外力对刻痕件221上的刻痕223的机械冲击，并且还能够消除焊接区224的焊接应力对刻痕223所在区域的热影响。从而提升本公开提供的电流中断装置的可靠性。而围绕第一焊接区224的刻痕223在单体电池内部气压的作用下可以断开，此时将整体断开翻转件222和刻痕件221的电连接而起到电流中断的作用。
在一些实施例中，如图4图5以及图6所示，刻痕223同时与第一焊接区224和第二焊接区231均异面设置，在一些实施例中，第二焊接区231、刻痕区225，第一焊接区224沿径向从外向内依次布置，并且从外向内形成为逐渐接近翻转件222的台阶结构，第二焊接区231也与刻痕区225异面，并且三者构成的台阶结构具有缓冲作用，能够避免两个焊接区的焊接应力对刻痕223的热影响，也能够缓冲从电极内端子方向传递来的外力，使得电流中断装置更加可靠。
在一些实施例中，本申请的两个实施方式中，如图4和图5所示，刻痕件221包括刻痕区225和从该刻痕区225凸出的凸台226，所述第一焊接区224形成在凸台226上，刻痕223形成在刻痕区225上并且围绕凸台226设置。从而实现二者的所在区域的异面，在一些实施例中，第一焊接区224由凸台226的上表面形成并与刻痕区225平行，并且该上表面的外周缘设置有环形焊点。对应地，翻转件222上形成有用于与刻痕件221电连接的第一连接区227和用于与电极外端子214电连接的第二连接区228，其中，第一连接区227可以形成为容纳该凸台226的连接孔。从而通过环形焊接区域将凸台226的外周缘和连接孔的内壁侧壁牢固焊接。其中凸台226可以为圆柱状结构，也可以在圆柱状结构的轴向方向具有通孔结构；在其他实施方式中，还可以通过各种凸起或凹入的结构实现二者区域的异面设置。
进一步地，如图4所示，在第一实施方式中，为了和单体电池的电极内端子213电连接，通常电极内端子213的顶端设置容纳槽，为此，刻痕区225的外周缘形成有与凸台226同向凸出的环壁229，环壁229的上边缘与凸台226的上边缘在高度方向上对齐，并且该环壁229的外壁的上边缘用于与单体电池的电极内端子213电连接以形成第二焊接区，与电极内端子213的容纳槽的槽壁形状配合并且通过环形焊接区进行焊接，并且在这种实施方式中，刻痕件221可以完全容纳进入电极内端子213的容纳槽中，结构稳固。
在第二实施方式中，如图5所示，进一步地，如图5所示，电极内端子213上仍然设置容纳槽，而刻痕件221的凸台226则伸出该容纳槽，在一些实施例中，刻痕区225的外 周缘形成有与凸台226反向凸出的环壁229，第二焊接区231形成在环壁229的外周缘并与刻痕区225平行，以使得刻痕件221形成为上述的台阶结构，其中第二焊接区231的外周缘形成有与电池的电极内端子213电连接的环形焊点，在一些实施例中，第二焊接区231的下表面可以放置于容纳槽的底壁上，而外周缘与容纳槽的侧壁通过环形焊点焊接，同样结构稳固。即，第二实施方式中，第一焊接区224，刻痕区225和第二焊接区231均异面设置。
此外，在第二实施方式中，如图5所示，凸台226的侧壁和环壁229分别与刻痕区225垂直，在其他实施方式中还可以具有一定角度，例如形成Z字型台阶。第一焊接区224、刻痕区225和第二焊接区231可以分别为环形结构，即第一焊接区224具有中心孔，在其他实施方式中，第一焊接区224也可以不具有中心孔。
上述介绍了两种实施方式的电流中断装置中的刻痕件221，下面介绍两种实施方式的电流中断装置中的翻转件222。
如图4至图5以及图7所示，本申请的电流中断装置的翻转件222上形成有用于与刻痕件221电连接的第一连接区227和用于与电池的电极外端子214电连接的第二连接区228，此外，翻转件222上还形成有变形缓冲区233，变形缓冲区233设置在第一连接区227和第二连接区228之间，并且围绕第一连接区227设置。其中变形缓冲区是指在外力作用下该区域可以先于翻转件222本身、第一连接区227、第二连接区228以及刻痕件221本身进行变形，从而缓冲该外力，继而减缓外力对于第一连接区227、以及刻痕件221上刻痕223的冲击，提升电流中断装置22的可靠性。
其中，在本公开的两种实施方式中，翻转件222为形成锥形的片状结构，该锥形的小端形成为第一连接区227，大端远离刻痕件221并形成为第二连接区228。该锥形结构可以将两个连接区异面设置，并且能够提供翻转件222受力向上翻转的空间，以拉断刻痕223。在其他可能的实施方式中，翻转件222还可以为具有弹性的平面件等。
如图4和图5所示，本公开中的变形缓冲区233形成为围绕第一连接区227的环形槽结构。这样在外力作用下，通过环形槽的槽壁之间的相对运动能够实现变形缓冲的作用。在其他可能的实施方式中，变形缓冲区233还可以通过变形腔室等结构或弹性材料实现。
如图4和图7所示，在第一实施方式中，环形槽结构的径向截面为弧形，例如朝向电极外端子214凸出的半圆形。这样，从第二连接区228传动来的外力可以通过弧形的槽壁的变形来吸收，继而减小对第一连接区227和刻痕件221的冲击。
如图5所示，在第二实施方式中，环形槽结构的径向截面还可以为角型，这样角型的两边为两个槽壁，同样可以在外力的作用下变形。在一些实施例中，在第二实施方式中刻痕件221的凸台226凸出于电极内端子213的容纳槽，此时为了节省空间，可以设计该角 型的环形槽可以朝向刻痕件221凸出，并且槽底形成在凸台的一侧，这样翻转件222整体可以形成为Z状结构，以实现对外力的缓冲。
如图4和图5所示，在本公开的两个实施方式中，为了能够使得翻转件222正常动作，电极外端子222形成为盖帽结构并且可以形成有通孔235，以用于在翻转件222动作时排出气体，从而避免在气压作用下反正翻转件动作。
本公开提供的第一单体电池，还包括外壳，所述电芯容纳在外壳内，该第一单体电池还包括封装外壳的盖板组件，其中电极内端子与电芯电连接，翻转件与外壳的内部气体连通；所述盖板组件包括盖板、位于该盖板内侧的电极内端子213和位于该盖板外侧的电极外端子214，电极内端子213和电极外端子214通过上述的电流中断装置电连接，电极外端子214与翻转件222电连接，刻痕件221电连接在电极内端子213上。
其中电极内端子213和与电芯电连接的内引出件焊接，在一些实施例中内引出件上可以形成焊孔，电极内端子213形成为柱状结构并嵌入该焊孔中以与内引出件焊接。其中为了避免盖板带电，盖板和内引出件之间设置有盖板绝缘件，电极内端子可以有间隙地穿过该盖板绝缘件以与刻痕件焊接，另外为了保证密封性，还包括支撑环，支撑环的下端焊接在盖板上，其中可以选用陶瓷作为材料，以保证电流中断装置和盖板的绝缘，盖板上则形成有孔道，以便于电流中断装置的安装。另外为了保证电池内部的气体能够作用到翻转件222上，内引出件上形成有气孔，从而使得气体能够通过该气孔作用到翻转件222上。
一种电池系统，包括至少一条串联回路，所述串联回路中设置有至少一个第一电池组，所述第一电池组包括至少2个并联的第一单体电池，在所述第一单体电池上设置有电流中断装置；所述第一单体电池中的电流中断装置用于，在所述第一单体电池发生异常时，断开所述第一单体电池的内部电流。
在一些实施例中，所述串联回路还包括与所述第一电池组串联连接的第二电池组，所述第二电池组包括多个未设置所述电流中断装置的第二单体电池，在至少一个所述第二单体电池发生异常时，所述第一电池组中每个所述第一单体电池的电流中断装置开启以切断所述串联回路。
在一些实施例中，所述第一单体电池包括电芯和电极端子，所述电极端子与所述电芯电连接，所述电极端子包括电极内端子和电极外端子，所述电极内端子与所述电芯电连接；所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子通过所述电流中断装置电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述电流中断装置包括：刻痕件，电连接在所述电极内端子上；翻转件，分别与所述刻痕件和所述电极外端子电连接，并且与所述第一单体电池的内部气体连通。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕件包括形成有刻痕的刻痕区、用于与所述翻转件相互电连 接的第一焊接区以及用于与所述电极内端子电连接的第二焊接区，所述翻转件能够在气压作用下动作以拉断所述刻痕，所述翻转件拉断刻痕后可以与电极内端子断开电连接，所述刻痕围绕所述第一焊接区设置，并且所述第一焊接区、第二焊接区中的至少一个与所述刻痕异面设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕与第一焊接区和第二焊接区异面设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕件包括从所述刻痕区凸出的凸台，所述第一焊接区形成在所述凸台上，所述刻痕形成在所述刻痕区上并且围绕所述凸台设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第一焊接区由所述凸台上表面形成并与所述刻痕区平行，并且该上表面的外周缘设置有环形焊点。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕区的外周缘形成有与所述凸台同向凸出的环壁，所述第二焊接区形成在所述环壁的外周缘并与所述凸台的上边缘在高度方向上对齐，并且该环壁的外壁用于与所述电极内端子电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述第二焊接区、所述刻痕区、所述第一焊接区沿径向从外向内依次布置，并且从外向内形成为逐渐接近所述翻转件的台阶结构，所述刻痕围绕所述第一焊接区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刻痕区的外周缘形成有与所述凸台反向凸出的环壁，所述第二焊接区形成在所述环壁的外周缘并与所述刻痕区平行，所述第二焊接区的外周缘形成有环形焊点。
在一些实施例中，所述凸台的侧壁和所述环壁分别与所述刻痕区垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述第一焊接区、所述刻痕区和所述第二焊接区分别形成为环状结构。
在一些实施例中，所述翻转件上形成有用于与所述刻痕件电连接的第一连接区和用于与所述电极外端子电连接的第二连接区，所述翻转件上还形成有变形缓冲区，所述变形缓冲区设置在所述第一连接区和所述第二连接区之间，并且围绕所述第一连接区设置。
在一些实施例中，所述翻转件为形成锥形的片状结构，该锥形的小端形成为所述第一连接区，大端远离所述刻痕件形成为所述第二连接区。
在一些实施例中，所述变形缓冲区形成为围绕所述第一连接区的环形槽结构。
相应地，本公开还提供一种电动汽车，该电动汽车包括如上所述的电池系统。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的一些实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的 情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池系统，其特征在于，包括至少一条串联回路，所述串联回路中设置有至少一个第一电池组，所述第一电池组包括至少两个并联的第一单体电池，在所述第一单体电池上设置有电流中断装置；
    所述第一单体电池中的电流中断装置用于，在所述第一单体电池发生异常时，断开所述第一单体电池的内部电流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述串联回路还包括与所述第一电池组串联连接的第二电池组，所述第二电池组包括多个未设置所述电流中断装置的第二单体电池。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述第一单体电池包括电芯和电极端子，所述电极端子与所述电芯电连接，所述电极端子包括电极内端子和电极外端子，所述电极内端子与所述电芯电连接；所述电极内端子和所述电极外端子通过所述电流中断装置电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述电流中断装置包括：
    刻痕件，电连接在所述电极内端子上；
    翻转件，分别与所述刻痕件和所述电极外端子电连接，并且与所述第一单体电池的内部气体连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述刻痕件包括形成有刻痕的刻痕区、用于与所述翻转件相互电连接的第一焊接区以及用于与所述电极内端子电连接的第二焊接区，所述翻转件能够在气压作用下动作以拉断所述刻痕，所述刻痕围绕所述第一焊接区设置，并且所述第一焊接区、第二焊接区中的至少一个与所述刻痕异面设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述刻痕与第一焊接区和第二焊接区异面设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述刻痕件包括从所述刻痕区凸出的凸台，所述第一焊接区形成在所述凸台上，所述刻痕形成在所述刻痕区上并且围绕所述凸台设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述第一焊接区由所述凸台上表面形成并与所述刻痕区平行，并且该上表面的外周缘设置有环形焊点。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述刻痕区的外周缘形成有与所述凸台同向凸出的环壁，所述第二焊接区形成在所述环壁的外周缘并与所述凸台的上边缘在高度方向上对齐，并且该环壁的外壁用于与所述电极内端子电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求5-8任意一项所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述第二焊接区、所述刻痕区、所述第一焊接区沿径向从外向内依次布置，并且从外向内形成为逐渐接近所述翻转件的台阶结构，所述刻痕围绕所述第一焊接区设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述刻痕区的外周缘形成有与所述凸台反向凸出的环壁，所述第二焊接区形成在所述环壁的外周缘并与所述刻痕区平行，所述第二焊接区的外周缘形成有环形焊点。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述凸台的侧壁和所述环壁分别与所述刻痕区垂直。
  13. 根据权利要求5-12中任一项所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述第一焊接区、所述刻痕区和所述第二焊接区分别形成为环状结构。
  14. 根据权利要求4-13中任一项所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述翻转件上形成有用于与所述刻痕件电连接的第一连接区和用于与所述电极外端子电连接的第二连接区，所述翻转件上还形成有变形缓冲区，所述变形缓冲区设置在所述第一连接区和所述第二连接区之间，并且围绕所述第一连接区设置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述翻转件为形成锥形的片状结构，该锥形的小端形成为所述第一连接区，大端远离所述刻痕件形成为所述第二连接区。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述变形缓冲区形成为围绕所述第一连接区的环形槽结构。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池系统，其特征在于，所述环形槽结构的径向截面为弧形或角型。
  18. 一种电动汽车，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-17中任一项所述的电池系统。
PCT/CN2018/120765 2017-12-13 2018-12-13 电池系统及电动汽车 WO2019114774A1 (zh)

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