WO2019114540A1 - 新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统 - Google Patents

新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统 Download PDF

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WO2019114540A1
WO2019114540A1 PCT/CN2018/117786 CN2018117786W WO2019114540A1 WO 2019114540 A1 WO2019114540 A1 WO 2019114540A1 CN 2018117786 W CN2018117786 W CN 2018117786W WO 2019114540 A1 WO2019114540 A1 WO 2019114540A1
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signal
digital
cyclotron
amplitude
module
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PCT/CN2018/117786
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French (fr)
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宋云涛
陈根
彭振
赵燕平
陈永华
杨庆喜
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合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司
中国科学院等离子体物理研究所
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Publication of WO2019114540A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114540A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of cyclotrons, and in particular relates to a novel cyclotron amplitude stability measuring system.
  • Superconducting cyclotrons are increasingly used in medical fields such as PET (positron emission tomography) diagnosis, isotope production, and proton therapy because of their unique compact characteristics and low power consumption.
  • the resonant cavity is one of the important components of the superconducting cyclotron, and the resonant cavity mainly provides an electric field for ion acceleration.
  • the working state of the resonant cavity directly affects the beam quality.
  • the resonant cavity cannot be stably operated under the specified working state, resulting in excessive power reflection of the power source, damaging the transmission system and power.
  • the amplitude stability control system is the main component of the cyclotron cavity low-level control system. Its main function is to set and stabilize the high-frequency amplitude between the various cavities of the entire accelerator system. Wave modulation suppression, etc.
  • the high-frequency low-level control at home and abroad has gone through the implementation of pure analog technology to semi-analog and half-digital implementation, and then to pure digital technology.
  • the superconducting cyclotron SC200 maintains the low-level control system.
  • the long-term amplitude stability requirement for the superconducting cyclotron SC200 is 0.04%, which requires a measurement system to measure the amplitude of the superconducting cyclotron.
  • the method for measuring the amplitude stability of superconducting cyclotron can be divided into three categories.
  • One class uses the spectrum method and the oscilloscope method. The method mainly connects the cavity sampling signal and the spectrum analyzer directly, and extracts the voltage signal of the cavity through the spectrum analyzer. To determine the stability characteristics of the cavity voltage, the method has the advantages of being direct and convenient and easy to operate.
  • the large interference causes a large measurement error of voltage stability, and is suitable for systems with small clutter and noise.
  • One type uses the SR844 lock-in amplifier to measure the amplitude stability. The same as the spectrum method, the cavity sampling signal is directly connected to the SR844 lock-in amplifier, and the voltage signal of the cavity is extracted by the SR844 lock-in amplifier to determine the stability characteristics of the cavity voltage. Since the gain accuracy of the measuring instrument SR844 lock-in amplifier is ⁇ 0.25dB and the gain stability is 0.2%/°C, the required accuracy of the measurement amplitude stability index cannot be achieved. Therefore, the SR844 lock-in amplifier measurement results are for reference only.
  • Another method for measuring the amplitude stability of a cavity is the indirect measurement method, which simulates the motion of the extracted cavity signal to simulate a dynamic detector, and then transmits the output value of the analog dynamic detector to the dynamic signal analyzer.
  • the measurement method is relatively accurate compared with the first two measurement methods, but the system is mainly implemented by analog devices, has the disadvantages of large volume, low power consumption, etc., and has been gradually eliminated in high-precision systems.
  • Microwave detectors and digital quadrature detectors have gradually become a new method of detection.
  • Microwave detectors mainly implement amplitude extraction and direct decision operation through microwave devices.
  • Digital quadrature detectors mainly use AD sampling to directly sample data for amplitude. Extraction and decision operations.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel cyclotron amplitude stability measurement system capable of accurately detecting and shaping a sampling signal of a cavity and outputting a digital high-precision dynamic detection signal of a TTL level.
  • the invention has a high degree of system integration. Small size, simple manufacturing, stable and reliable performance, and good versatility.
  • the new cyclotron amplitude stability measurement system includes a Pickup sampling signal, a signal conditioning module, a digital dynamic filter, and a Labview display control interface;
  • the pickup sampling signal extracts a cavity signal through capacitive coupling and serves as a sampling signal for determining amplitude stability
  • the signal conditioning module includes a voltage controlled amplifier and a voltage controlled attenuator, and the signal conditioning module is configured to condition the sampling signal into a dynamic range of the digital dynamic filter, and output the signal to the digital dynamic filter;
  • the digital dynamic detector includes an analog to digital converter, a programmable logic gate array, a phase locked loop and a power module;
  • the LABVIEW display control interface mainly provides signal processing and display functions for the amplitude stability of the new cyclotron.
  • analog-to-digital converter acquires the sampling signal, performs analog-to-digital conversion, obtains a digital sampling signal, and outputs the signal to the programmable logic gate array.
  • the programmable logic gate array is configured to digitally detect the sampling signal and output a TTL digital logic waveform
  • the programmable logic gate array includes a digital envelope extraction module, an envelope shaping module, and an adaptive dynamic decision threshold. Module and video pulse shaping module.
  • the digital envelope extraction module extracts amplitude information of the signal carrier in the digital sampled signal by using a digital real-time extraction envelope technique, and obtains a signal envelope of the input sampled signal.
  • the adaptive dynamic decision threshold module forms a dynamic decision threshold on the envelope of the envelope shaping signal, and compares and judges with the delayed signal envelope to obtain a video pulse of the TTL waveform.
  • the video pulse shaping module performs pulse shaping on the video pulse of the TTL waveform, and rigidly removes the glitch stray short pulse whose duration is less than the set value.
  • phase locked loop provides a system clock for the analog to digital converter and the programmable logic gate array.
  • the power module provides a high stability DC power supply for the digital dynamic detector.
  • the digital envelope extraction module obtains real-time I/Q two-way data by orthogonalizing signals, and extracts signal amplitude.
  • the adaptive dynamic decision threshold technique adopted by the adaptive dynamic decision threshold module refers to adaptively and dynamically adjusting a single pulse decision threshold according to a noise floor of the sampled signal amplitude, and determining an output TTL waveform according to the decision threshold.
  • the amplitude of the video pulse if the amplitude of the signal envelope is less than the decision threshold, output 0, otherwise output 1 to remove the trailing phenomenon of rising edge and falling edge.
  • the invention adopts a digital signal processing method to accurately calibrate the trailing edge and the trailing edge of the cavity sampling signal, and outputs a standard and small jitter TTL pulse signal to provide stable measurement and synchronization for the back-end system.
  • the reference signal is improved by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude better than the analog dynamic detection technique;
  • the FPGA-based digital processing structure makes full use of the advantages of FPGA and digital processing, ensuring high integration, small size, simple manufacturing and debugging, stable and reliable performance, and good versatility.
  • Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a hardware circuit board of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of an adaptive dynamic decision threshold module in the programmable logic gate array of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for forming a threshold in an adaptive dynamic decision threshold module in a programmable logic gate array of the present invention.
  • the new cyclotron amplitude stability measurement system includes a Pickup sampling signal, a signal conditioning module, a digital dynamic filter, and a Labview display control interface, as shown in FIG. 1;
  • the pickup sampling signal extracts a cavity signal through capacitive coupling and serves as a sampling signal for determining amplitude stability
  • the signal conditioning module includes a voltage controlled amplifier and a voltage controlled attenuator, and the signal conditioning module is configured to condition the sampling signal into a dynamic range of the digital dynamic filter, and output the signal to the digital dynamic filter;
  • the digital dynamic detector includes an analog to digital converter, a programmable logic gate array, a phase locked loop and a power module;
  • the analog-to-digital converter acquires the sampling signal, performs analog-to-digital conversion, obtains a digital sampling signal, and outputs the signal to the programmable logic gate array;
  • the analog to digital converter implements band pass sampling on the input signal at a sampling rate greater than 400 MHz;
  • the AD9684 with an A/D sampling rate of 500 MHz when the sampling rate is too low, causes undersampling, which deteriorates the performance of the system. In addition, it is necessary to meet the high-precision delay variation required by the index. Using a sampling rate greater than 400 MHz;
  • the programmable logic gate array is used for digitally detecting the sampling signal and outputting a TTL digital logic waveform.
  • the programmable logic gate array is an FPGA of EP2C8T144C8N;
  • the programmable logic gate array includes a digital envelope extraction module, an envelope shaping module, an adaptive dynamic decision threshold module, and a video pulse shaping module;
  • the digital envelope extraction module extracts amplitude information of a signal carrier in the digital sampled signal by using a digital real-time extraction envelope technique, and obtains a signal envelope of the input sampled signal;
  • the digital envelope extraction module obtains real-time I/Q two-way data by orthogonalizing the signals, and extracts signal amplitudes;
  • the extracted signal envelope in the digital signal processing system includes a Hilbert amplitude demodulation method, a detection-filtering method, and a high-pass absolute value demodulation method.
  • Hilbert is used.
  • the amplitude demodulation method, the real part of the analytical signal obtained by Hilbert transform is the signal itself, the imaginary part is its Hilbert transform, and the amplitude of the parsed signal is the envelope of the signal.
  • Hilbert is implemented by FFT;
  • the Hilbert transform is set to X(t), and the Hilbert converter is an all-pass filter with an amplitude characteristic of 1. After the signal passes through the Hilbert transformer, its negative frequency component is + The phase shift of 90°, while the positive frequency component makes a phase shift of -90°.
  • z(t) is set to the signal analysis signal, then:
  • x(t) is an intermediate frequency signal modulated by an envelope signal, it can be written as:
  • the envelope signal A(t) can be obtained by modulo z(t):
  • the discrete signal x(n) obtained after sampling x(t) can also obtain its analytical signal z(t) in the same way;
  • the envelope shaping module After the envelope shaping module acquires the signal envelope, the envelope is shaped to cancel the interference of the noise on the signal envelope.
  • the envelope shaping module filters the high frequency noise through the band pass filter and performs digital smoothing for further processing;
  • the adaptive dynamic decision threshold module forms a dynamic decision threshold on the envelope of the envelope shaping signal, and compares and judges with the delayed signal envelope to obtain a video pulse of the TTL waveform;
  • the adaptive dynamic decision threshold technique adopted by the adaptive dynamic decision threshold module refers to adaptively and dynamically adjusting a single pulse decision threshold according to a noise floor of the sampled signal amplitude, and determining an output TTL according to the decision threshold.
  • the amplitude of the video pulse of the waveform If the amplitude of the signal envelope is less than the decision threshold, output 0, otherwise output 1 to remove the trailing phenomenon of rising edge and falling edge;
  • the process of the adaptive dynamic decision threshold module performing an adaptive dynamic decision threshold includes the following steps:
  • the video pulse shaping module performs pulse shaping on the video pulse of the TTL waveform, and rigidly removes the glitch stray short pulse whose duration is less than the set value to remove the false pulse information caused by the noise.
  • the phase locked loop provides a system clock for an analog to digital converter and a programmable logic gate array
  • the power module provides a high stability DC power supply for the digital dynamic detector
  • the LABVIEW display control interface mainly provides signal processing and display functions for the amplitude stability of the new cyclotron
  • the system includes a main circuit board, a clock circuit board, and a power circuit board.
  • the main circuit board is provided with a signal conditioning module, an analog to digital converter, a programmable logic gate array, and a clock circuit board.
  • a phase-locked loop is provided, and a power module is disposed on the power filter board.
  • the main circuit board is a 166.3x86.4mm 2 6-layer printed board for mounting ADC and FPGA.
  • the clock circuit is 60.7x86.4mm. 2 6-layer printed board for mounting PLL
  • the power supply filter circuit is a 180x58.6mm 2 6-layer printed board for mounting power modules
  • the top and bottom layers of the three printed boards are signal layers.
  • the middle layer is a layer of power, a layer of signal, a layer of analog ground and power, a layer of digital ground; for digital and analog power isolation filtering, analog ground and digital ground and connected by magnetic beads; 3 circuits
  • the shield is shielded by the shield box, which not only realizes the spatial isolation of the electromagnetic signal, but also facilitates the proximity of the RF signal port to the ground, and avoids mutual interference of the RF signal inside the chassis;
  • the input signal frequency is 50-120MHz in this embodiment.
  • the delay variation of the output TTL video pulse relative to the input modulation pulse is less than 5ns.
  • the leading edge jitter is less than 5 ns when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 6 dB, and less than 10 ns when the signal-to-noise ratio is less than 6 dB.
  • the performance greatly exceeds the accuracy performance of the analog dynamic detector;
  • the present example can well realize the detection function of the sampling signal of the cavity, and has the characteristics of high system integration, small volume, simple manufacture, stable and reliable performance, and good versatility.
  • the invention can accurately detect and shape the sampling signal of the cavity and output the digital high-precision dynamic detection signal with the TTL level.
  • the invention has the advantages of high system integration, small volume, simple manufacture, stable and reliable performance, and good versatility.

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Abstract

一种回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，pickup取样信号通过电容耦合提取腔体信号，并作为幅度稳定度测定的取样信号；信号调理模块包括压控放大器和压控衰减器，信号调理模块用于将取样信号调理到数字化动态检波器的动态范围内，并将信号输出至数字化动态滤波器；数字化动态检波器包括模拟数字转换器、可编程逻辑门阵列、锁相环和电源模块；LABVIEW显控界面主要为新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度提供信号处理和显示功能。该测量系统能够针对腔体的取样信号进行精确检波整形，并输出为TTL电平的数字化高精度动态检波信号，具有系统集成化程度高、体积小、制造简单、性能稳定可靠、通用性好等特点。

Description

新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统 技术领域
本发明属于回旋加速器技术领域，具体是涉及新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统。
背景技术
超导回旋加速器因其特有的紧凑特性和低功耗等特性越来越广泛的应用于PET(positron emission tomography)诊断、同位素生产和质子治疗等医学领域。其中，谐振腔是超导回旋加速器重要的部件之一，谐振腔主要提供离子加速的电场。谐振腔的工作状态直接影响束流品质。但是在谐振腔运行的过程中由于电磁热效应、机械振动、束流负载效应等因素，会导致谐振腔不能稳定的运行在规定的工作状态下，导致功率源反射功率过大，损坏传输系统和功率源，谐振腔的失谐导致谐振腔间隙电压不稳定导致束流品质的下降和束流丢失。为了解决此类问题，幅度稳定控制系统是回旋加速器腔体低电平控制系统的主要组成部分，其主要功能是完成整个加速器系统各腔体之间的高频幅值的设定与稳定、杂波调制的抑制等。随着数字化技术的提高，国内外的高频低电平控制经历了从纯模拟技术实现到半模拟半数字实现，再到纯数字技术实现，超导回旋加速器SC200为了保持低电平控制系统的低延迟和灵活性，采用半模拟半数字技术实现低电平控制系统完成对超导回旋加速器腔体电压的稳定控制。对于超导回旋加速器SC200的长期幅度稳定度要求达到0.04％，这就需要一种测量系统能够度量超导回旋加速器的幅度。超导回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量方法可以分为三类，一类采用频谱法和示波器法，该方法主要通过将腔体取样信号和频谱仪直接相连，通过频谱仪提取腔体的电压信号，从而判断腔体电压的稳定特性，该方法的优点是直接方便，易于操作。但干扰较大造成电压稳定度的测量误差较大，适用于杂波和噪声较小系统。一类采用SR844锁定放大器测量幅度稳定度，与频谱法连接方式 相同，将腔体取样信号和SR844锁定放大器直接相连，通过SR844锁定放大器提取腔体的电压信号，从而判断腔体电压的稳定特性。由于测量仪器SR844锁定放大器的增益准确度为±0.25dB,增益稳定度为0.2％/℃，达不到测量幅度稳定度指标的所需精度。所以SR844锁定放大器测量结果仅作为参考。另外一类测量腔体幅度稳定度的方法是间接测量法，该方法将提取的腔体信号传输都模拟动态检波器，然后将模拟动态检波器的出输值传入到动态信号分析仪。该测量方法相比较与前两种测量方法精度较高，但是这种系统主要采用模拟器件实现，具有体积大、功耗低等缺点，在高精度系统中已经逐渐被淘汰。微波检波器和数字正交检波器逐渐成为新的检波方式，微波检波器主要通过微波器件实现对幅度的提取和直接判决操作，而数字正交检波器主要是通过AD采样后直接采样数据进行幅度提取和判决操作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，能够针对腔体的取样信号进行精确检波整形，并输出为TTL电平的数字化高精度动态检波信号，本发明具有系统集成化程度高、体积小、制造简单、性能稳定可靠、通用性好等特点。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，包括Pickup取样信号、信号调理模块、数字化动态滤波器、Labview显控界面；
所述pickup取样信号通过电容耦合提取腔体信号，并作为幅度稳定度测定的取样信号；
所述信号调理模块包括压控放大器和压控衰减器，所述信号调理模块用于将取样信号调理到数字化动态滤波器的动态范围内，并将信号输出至数字化动态滤波器；
所述数字化动态检波器包括模拟数字转换器、可编程逻辑门阵列、锁相环和电源模块；
所述LABVIEW显控界面主要为新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度提供信号处理和显示功能。
进一步地，所述模拟数字转换器获取取样信号后进行模数转换，得到数 字采样信号，并输出至可编程逻辑门阵列。
进一步地，所述可编程逻辑门阵列用于对取样信号进行数字检波，并输出TTL数字逻辑波形，所述可编程逻辑门阵列包括数字化包络提取模块、包络整形模块、自适应动态判决门限模块和视频脉冲整形模块。
进一步地，所述数字化包络提取模块通过数字化实时提取包络技术提取数字采样信号中信号载波的幅度信息，并得到输入取样信号的信号包络。
进一步地，所述自适应动态判决门限模块对经过包络整形的信号包络形成动态判决门限，并与经过延迟的信号包络进行比较判决，得到TTL波形的视频脉冲。
进一步地，所述视频脉冲整形模块对TTL波形的视频脉冲进行脉冲整形，硬性去除持续时间长度小于设定值的毛刺杂散短脉冲。
进一步地，所述锁相环为模拟数字转换器和可编程逻辑门阵列提供系统时钟。
进一步地，所述电源模块为数字化动态检波器提供高稳定度直流电源。
进一步地，所述数字化包络提取模块通过将信号正交化得到实时I/Q两路数据，并提取信号幅度。
进一步地，所述自适应动态判决门限模块采用的自适应动态判决门限技术，是指根据取样信号幅度的噪声基底，自适应、动态地调整单脉冲的判决门限，并根据判决门限确定输出TTL波形的视频脉冲的幅度，如果信号包络的幅度小于判决门限，输出0，否则输出1，以去掉上升沿和下降沿的拖尾现象。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明采用数字信号处理的方法对腔体取样信号的上升沿和下降沿的拖尾进行精确校准，输出标准、抖动小的TTL脉冲信号，为后端系统的测量和同步提供稳定的参考信号，获得了比模拟动态检波技术提升1～2个数量级的测量精度；
(2)本发明中的可编程逻辑门阵列中使用了“高效数字正交化技术”和“自动适应动态判决门限”两项关键技术，分别起到了节省数字化的硬件资源和保证延时变化量的测量精度的作用。同时，采用基于FPGA的数字化处理结构，充分利用了FPGA和数字化处理的自身优势，保证了系统集成化程度高、体积小、制造和调试简单、性能稳定可靠、通用性好等特性；
(3)系统的硬件测试结果表明,本发明在前沿抖动、延时变化量和输出脉冲精度等重要指标都达到了10ns左右的量级，部分情况下甚至小于5ns。性能上大大超过了模拟动态检波器(通常在200ns以上)的精度性能。
附图说明
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为本发明的系统结构图；
图2为本发明的硬件电路板连接框架图；
图3为本发明的可编程逻辑门阵列中自适应动态判决门限模块的工作流程图；
图4为本发明的可编程逻辑门阵列中自适应动态判决门限模块中判决门限形成方式原理图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，包括Pickup取样信号、信号调理模块、数字化动态滤波器、Labview显控界面，如图1所示；
所述pickup取样信号通过电容耦合提取腔体信号，并作为幅度稳定度测定的取样信号；
所述信号调理模块包括压控放大器和压控衰减器，信号调理模块用于将取样信号调理到数字化动态滤波器的动态范围内，并将信号输出至数字化动态滤波器；
所述数字化动态检波器包括模拟数字转换器、可编程逻辑门阵列、锁相环和电源模块；
所述模拟数字转换器获取取样信号后进行模数转换，得到数字采样信号，并输出至可编程逻辑门阵列；
较优的，所述模拟数字转化器以大于400MHz的采样速率对输入信号实现带通采样；
本实施例中，A/D采样速率为500MHz的AD9684，当采样速率过低时，导致欠采样，从而使系统的性能急剧恶化；此外，为了满足指标要求的高精度延时变化量，也有必要采用大于400MHz的采样速率；
所述可编程逻辑门阵列用于对取样信号进行数字检波，并输出TTL数字逻辑波形，较优的，可编程逻辑门阵列为EP2C8T144C8N的FPGA；
其中，所述可编程逻辑门阵列包括数字化包络提取模块、包络整形模块、自适应动态判决门限模块和视频脉冲整形模块；
所述数字化包络提取模块通过数字化实时提取包络技术提取数字采样信号中信号载波的幅度信息，并得到输入取样信号的信号包络；
较优的，数字化包络提取模块通过将信号正交化得到实时I/Q两路数据，并提取信号幅度；
较优的，数字信号处理系统中提取信号包络包括希尔伯特(Hilbert)幅度解调法、检波-滤波法和高通绝对值解调法，本实施例中采用希尔伯特(Hilbert)幅度解调法，Hilbert变换而得的解析信号的实部为信号本身，虚部为其Hilbert变换，解析信号的幅值即为信号的包络，本实施例中，Hilbert通过FFT实现；
假设给定连续的时间信号x(t)，其Hilbert变换设为X(t)，Hilbert变换器为幅值特性为1的全通滤波器，信号通过Hilbert变换器后，其负频率成分作+90°的相移，而正频率成分作-90°的相移。z(t)设为信号的解析信号，则有：
z(t)＝x(t)+jX(t)
由于x(t)是被包络信号调制的中频信号，可以记为：
x(t)＝A(t)*cos(wt+φ)
则：X(t)＝A(t)*sin(wt+φ)
根据解析信号的特点：
z(t)＝A(t)*cos(wt+φ)+jA(t)*sin(wt+φ)＝A(t)*ej(wt+φ)
对z(t)取模即可得到包络信号A(t)：
|z(t)|＝|A(t)*e j(wt+φ)|＝|A(t)|＝A(t)
对x(t)采样之后得到的离散信号x(n),也可以用同样的方法得到它的解析信号z(t)；
所述包络整形模块获取信号包络后进行包络整形，抵消噪声对信号包络的干扰，较优的，包络整形模块通过带通滤波器滤除高频噪声后进行数字平滑进一步处理；
所述自适应动态判决门限模块对经过包络整形的信号包络形成动态判决门限，并与经过延迟的信号包络进行比较判决，得到TTL波形的视频脉冲；
较优的，所述自适应动态判决门限模块采用的自适应动态判决门限技术，是指根据取样信号幅度的噪声基底，自适应、动态地调整单脉冲的判决门限，并根据判决门限确定输出TTL波形的视频脉冲的幅度，如果信号包络的幅度小于判决门限，输出0，否则输出1，以去掉上升沿和下降沿的拖尾现象；
如图3所示，所述自适应动态判决门限模块进行自适应动态判决门限的过程包括如下步骤：
S1、判决当前信号幅度是否大于噪声门限ζ2，如果信号小于噪声门限ζ2，取判决门限为最大幅度的1/2，如图4所示；如果信号大于噪声门限ζ2，说明存在有效信号，则触发更新取样信号的最大幅度；
S2、当累计的信号长度超过T2＝4us时，根据当前取样信号的最大幅度更新判决门限ζ1；
S3、根据动态更新判决门限ζ1，经过延迟4us的信号包络进行比较判决，得到TTL波形的视频脉冲；
所述视频脉冲整形模块对TTL波形的视频脉冲进行脉冲整形，硬性去除持续时间长度小于设定值的毛刺杂散短脉冲，以去除噪声带来的虚假脉冲信息。
所述锁相环为模拟数字转换器和可编程逻辑门阵列提供系统时钟；
所述电源模块为数字化动态检波器提供高稳定度直流电源；
所述LABVIEW显控界面主要为新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度提供信号处理和显示功能；
本实施例中，如图2所示，系统包括主电路板、时钟电路板和电源电路板，主电路板上设置有信号调理模块、模拟数字转换器、可编程逻辑门阵列，时钟电路板上设置有锁相环，电源滤波板上设置有电源模块，所述主电路板为116.3x86.4mm 2的6层印制板，用于安装ADC和FPGA的，所述时钟电路为60.7x86.4mm 2的6层印制板，用于安装PLL，所述电源滤波电路为180x58.6mm 2的6层印制板，用于安装电源模块，3块印制板的顶层和底层均为信号层，安装元器件，中间层为一层电源、一层信号、一层模拟地和电源、一层数字地；对数字和模拟电源隔离滤波，模拟地和数字地分开并通过磁珠连接；3块电路板采用屏蔽盒屏蔽，既可实现电磁信号的空间隔离，又方便射频信号端口的就近接地，避免了射频信号在机箱内部的相互干扰；
通过系统的详细测试，本实施例中输入信号频率为50-120MHz，在输入信号上升沿<100ns和信号上升沿1us～2us，输出的TTL视频脉冲相对输入调制脉冲的延时变化量均小于5ns；前沿抖动在信噪比大于6dB时小于5ns，在信噪比小于6dB时小于10ns，性能上大大超过了模拟动态检波器的精度性能；
从本实例可以看出，本实例能够很好地实现对腔体取样信号的检波功能，并具有系统集成化程度高、体积小、制造简单、性能稳定可靠、通用性好等特点。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并 没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
工业实用性
本发明能够针对腔体的取样信号进行精确检波整形，并输出为TTL电平的数字化高精度动态检波信号，本发明具有系统集成化程度高、体积小、制造简单、性能稳定可靠、通用性好等特点。

Claims (10)

  1. 新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于，包括Pickup取样信号、信号调理模块、数字化动态滤波器、Labview显控界面；
    所述pickup取样信号通过电容耦合提取腔体信号，并作为幅度稳定度测定的取样信号；
    所述信号调理模块包括压控放大器和压控衰减器，所述信号调理模块用于将取样信号调理到数字化动态滤波器的动态范围内，并将信号输出至数字化动态滤波器；
    所述数字化动态检波器包括模拟数字转换器、可编程逻辑门阵列、锁相环和电源模块；
    所述LABVIEW显控界面主要为新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度提供信号处理和显示功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述模拟数字转换器获取取样信号后进行模数转换，得到数字采样信号，并输出至可编程逻辑门阵列。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述可编程逻辑门阵列用于对取样信号进行数字检波，并输出TTL数字逻辑波形，所述可编程逻辑门阵列包括数字化包络提取模块、包络整形模块、自适应动态判决门限模块和视频脉冲整形模块。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述数字化包络提取模块通过数字化实时提取包络技术提取数字采样信号中信号载波的幅度信息，并得到输入取样信号的信号包络。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述自适应动态判决门限模块对经过包络整形的信号包络形成动态判决门限，并与经过延迟的信号包络进行比较判决，得到TTL波形的视频脉冲。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征 在于：所述视频脉冲整形模块对TTL波形的视频脉冲进行脉冲整形，硬性去除持续时间长度小于设定值的毛刺杂散短脉冲。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述锁相环为模拟数字转换器和可编程逻辑门阵列提供系统时钟。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述电源模块为数字化动态检波器提供高稳定度直流电源。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述数字化包络提取模块通过将信号正交化得到实时I/Q两路数据，并提取信号幅度。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的新型回旋加速器幅度稳定度测量系统，其特征在于：所述自适应动态判决门限模块采用的自适应动态判决门限技术，是指根据取样信号幅度的噪声基底，自适应、动态地调整单脉冲的判决门限，并根据判决门限确定输出TTL波形的视频脉冲的幅度，如果信号包络的幅度小于判决门限，输出0，否则输出1，以去掉上升沿和下降沿的拖尾现象。
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