WO2019111527A1 - Fertilization designing method and fertilization designing device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a fertilization designing method, comprising: a crop information acquisition step (S1); a measured value acquisition step (S2); an index calculation step (S3); an optimum calibration-curve estimation step (S5); and a fertilization-amount determination step (S6). In S1, crop information concerning a variety of crops and a cultivation area is acquired. In S2, a measured value by remote sensing is acquired for a plurality of areas included in a medium in which the crop is cultivated. In S3, on the basis of the measured value, an index indicating a growing state of the crop is calculated for each area. In S5, an optimum calibration curve for the crop is estimated from a standard calibration curve or from the crop information and the index. In S6, a fertilization amount for fertilizing the medium is determined on the basis of the index and the optimum calibration curve.

Description

Fertilization design method and fertilization design apparatus

The present invention relates to a fertilization design method and a fertilization design apparatus for determining the amount of fertilizer (fertilization amount) to be given to a culture medium for growing a crop.

Conventionally, various fertilization design methods for determining the amount of fertilization to the culture medium have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, the fertilization amount is determined as follows. First, referring to the database, the target nitrogen amount (target nitrogen amount) in the target culture medium is acquired. Next, the amount of nitrogen contained in the target medium is estimated by a predetermined experiment to obtain an estimated amount of nitrogen. Then, the difference between the target nitrogen amount and the estimated nitrogen amount (nitrogen deficiency amount) is calculated. Since the amount of nitrogen per unit amount contained in the fertilizer to be given to the target culture medium is known, the total amount (appropriate fertilization amount) of the fertilizer capable of compensating for the nitrogen deficiency can be obtained by calculation. That is, by executing this calculation, the appropriate fertilization amount to the target culture medium is determined.

Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, a map including a field is displayed, and after input of designation of a field and fertilization design conditions (fertilizer combination pattern, reference amount, etc.) on the displayed map, a database is referred to. A plurality of fertilizer application patterns for the field are designed, and the plurality of fertilization patterns designed are displayed on the same screen as the field. Such a display enables the user to determine an appropriate fertilizer type and fertilization amount while comparing a plurality of fertilization patterns on the same screen. In addition, a field generally refers to a paddy field or field surrounded by a fence.

JP-A-2015-027296 (see claim 1, paragraphs [0043] to [0087], FIG. 1, etc.) JP 2011-215697 A (see claim 1, paragraphs [0007], [0019] to [0030], and FIGS. 11 to 15)

However, the methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above are methods for determining the fertilization amount regardless of the actual growth condition of the crop, so appropriate fertilization (variable) according to the actual growth condition of the crop Fertilization can not be done. The growth conditions of crops vary depending on environmental conditions such as temperature, precipitation, and sunshine, and soil conditions. Therefore, in order to grow good crops and increase their yield, variable fertilization should be performed. Needed.

Here, as for variable fertilization, the following methods are conventionally known. For example, FIG. 18 is a graph showing the breeding guidelines for certain varieties of rice presented from certain prefectures in Japan. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates the number of rice stalks per unit area (here, 1 m ² ), and the vertical axis indicates SPAD values. Here, the SPAD value is a value obtained by measuring the amount of chlorophyll (chlorophyll) contained in the leaves of a crop (plant) with a measuring instrument (chlorophyll meter). In addition, the spelling of SPAD is an abbreviation of Soil & Plant Analyzer Development (a large-scale management body soil, crop and product analysis system commercialization project of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Agriculture and Horticulture Bureau, Agricultural Production Division).

As shown in the figure, it is indicated that the fertilization amount is increased or decreased according to the SPAD value in the above-mentioned growth guideline. Since the amount of chlorophyll changes according to the growing condition of the crop, the chlorophyll amount is measured to obtain the SPAD value, and the fertilization amount is increased or decreased according to this SPAD value, and appropriate fertilization according to the growing condition of the crop It is believed that you can do However, such a variable fertilization method causes the following problems.

First, in order to obtain the SPAD value, it is necessary to apply light to the leaves of each crop by using a measuring instrument. It takes a lot of time and effort to carry out this work on the whole culture medium (field) plant. For this reason, it is desirable to acquire an index indicating the growth state of a crop by a simple method, and to conduct fertilization design to determine the amount of fertilization using the index.

In addition, the above-mentioned growth guidelines (fertilization design in which the amount of fertilization is increased or decreased according to the SPAD value) are indicated only for some varieties of crops, and not for all varieties. Therefore, for the remaining varieties, appropriate variable fertilization can not be performed according to the SPAD value.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned growth guidelines are rough guidelines to increase or decrease the fertilization amount when the SPAD value is out of the proper range. Therefore, although the SPAD value can be detected with high accuracy, it is not possible to accurately obtain the appropriate fertilization amount (fertilization amount to be increased or decreased) according to the SPAD value. As a result, highly accurate variable fertilization can not be performed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to obtain an indicator indicating the growth state of a crop by a simple method, and using the indicator, for all varieties of crop, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fertilization design method and a fertilization design apparatus capable of accurately performing variable fertilization according to the growth state.

The fertilization design method according to one aspect of the present invention includes a crop information acquisition step of acquiring crop information on crop varieties and cultivation areas, and measurement values by remote sensing for a plurality of regions included in a culture medium for cultivating the crop. Based on the measurement value acquisition process to be acquired and the measurement value, an index calculation process for calculating an index indicating the growth state of the crop for each area, and the relationship between the index and the fertilization amount for the crop are optimized. Based on a standard calibration curve which is a past calibration curve for the crop, or an optimal calibration curve estimation step of estimating the crop information and the indicator, and the indicator and the optimal calibration curve, the optimal calibration curve to be shown is And a fertilization amount determining step of determining the fertilization amount to be fertilized to the culture medium.

The fertilization design apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention cultivates the crop when an input unit for receiving an input of information by a user and crop information on a crop variety and a cultivation area are input by the input unit. An indicator calculation unit that calculates an indicator indicating the growth state of the crop for each region based on the measured values by remote sensing for a plurality of regions included in the culture medium, and the indicator and fertilization amount for the crop A standard calibration curve which is a past calibration curve of the crop, or an optimal calibration curve estimation unit which estimates the crop information and the index; an index and the optimum calibration curve; And a fertilization amount determination unit that determines the fertilization amount to be fertilized to the culture medium based on the above.

According to the above fertilization design method and fertilization design apparatus, an index indicating the growth state of the crop is obtained by a simple method, and using the index, the variable fertilization according to the growth state is accurate for all varieties of the crop. It can be done well.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows typically the whole structure of the fertilization design system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of the server contained in the said fertilization design system. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the calibration curve about a kind with a crop. It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of the fertilization design apparatus contained in the said fertilization design system. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the process in the said fertilization design system. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of the optimal calibration curve estimation process. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a standard calibration curve and an optimal calibration curve. It is an explanatory view showing other examples of a standard calibration curve and an optimal calibration curve. It is explanatory drawing which shows the further another example of the optimal calibration curve. It is explanatory drawing which shows the further another example of the optimal calibration curve. It is an explanatory view showing an example of an index map. It is an explanatory view showing an example of a fertilization amount map. It is explanatory drawing of an example of a 1st histogram. It is explanatory drawing of an example of a 2nd histogram. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the average value of the fertilization amount for every culture medium. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the display screen of a display part. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the optimal calibration curve displayed on the said display part. It is a graph which shows the nurturing | raising guideline about a certain rice variety.

It will be as follows if an embodiment of the present invention is described based on a drawing.

[Composition of fertilization design system]
FIG. 1: is a block diagram which shows typically the whole structure of the fertilization design system 1 of this embodiment. The fertilization design system 1 is configured by communicably connecting the imaging unit 10, the server 20, and the fertilization design apparatus 30 via the communication line NW. The communication line NW is configured by, for example, a network (whether wired or wireless) such as a LAN (Local Area Network) or an internet line.

(Imaging unit)
The imaging unit 10 is configured of, for example, a multispectral camera, and captures an image by photographing the culture medium FD for cultivating the crop PL from above. Thus, acquiring information (image) of the crop PL (medium FD) at a position far from the crop PL (medium FD) is called remote sensing. In order to realize such remote sensing, the imaging unit 10 is attached to the flying object 11. The flying object 11 is configured by, for example, an unmanned air vehicle (drone) capable of autonomous flight. By flying the flying object 11 along the culture medium FD, the imaging unit 10 captures a plurality of areas T (cultivation areas) constituting the culture medium FD from above by the imaging unit 10, and acquires an image of each area T and hence the entire culture medium FD. be able to. In addition to the unmanned aerial vehicle, the flying object 11 may be configured of a balloon, an airship, an airplane, a helicopter or the like. Moreover, the imaging part 10 may image | photograph the culture medium FD and acquire an image in the state fixed to the iron tower or a crane, for example completely fixed or rotatably fixable other than being attached to the flying body 11.

The imaging unit 10 includes a visible imaging unit that captures a subject (here, the crop PL or the culture medium FD) and obtains a visible image, and a near infrared imaging unit that captures a subject and acquires a near infrared image. ing.

The visible imaging unit includes a first band pass filter, a first imaging optical system, a first image sensor (optical sensor), a first digital signal processor, a first communication unit, and the like. The first band pass filter transmits light in a relatively narrow band whose center wavelength is, for example, 650 nm. The first imaging optical system forms an optical image of visible light of the measurement object (the crop PL or the culture medium FD) transmitted through the first band pass filter on a predetermined first imaging surface. The first image sensor is disposed with the light receiving surface aligned with the first imaging surface, detects relatively narrow band light having a wavelength of 650 nm included in the sunlight reflected by the measurement target, and is the measurement target Convert an optical image of visible light into an electrical signal. The first digital signal processor performs image processing on the output of the first image sensor to form a visible image. The first communication unit is a communication interface for transmitting visible image data to the outside (for example, the server 20), includes a transmission circuit, an antenna, and the like, and is communicably connected to the communication line NW.

The near-infrared imaging unit includes a second band pass filter, a second imaging optical system, a second image sensor (optical sensor), a second digital signal processor, a second communication unit, and the like. The second band pass filter transmits light in a relatively narrow band whose center wavelength is a predetermined wavelength of 750 nm or more (for example, a wavelength of 800 nm). The second imaging optical system forms an optical image of the near-infrared light of the measuring object transmitted through the second band pass filter on a predetermined second imaging surface. The second image sensor is disposed with the light receiving surface aligned with the second imaging surface, detects relatively narrow band light having a central wavelength of 800 nm included in the sunlight reflected by the measurement target, and the measurement target Convert an optical image of near-infrared light into an electrical signal. The second digital signal processor performs image processing on the output of the second image sensor to form a near infrared image. The second communication unit is an interface for transmitting near-infrared image data to the outside (for example, the server 20), includes a transmission circuit, an antenna, and the like, and is communicably connected to the communication line NW. .

In addition, as a 1st image sensor of the imaging part 10 and a 2nd image sensor, the image sensor of VGA type (640 pixels x 480 pixels) can be used, for example.

(server)
The server 20 is a terminal device that stores various data. FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the server 20. As shown in FIG. The server 20 includes a first database 21, a second database 22, a third database 23, a communication unit 24, and a control unit 25.

The first database 21 stores measurement values obtained by remote sensing of the imaging unit 10. That is, the first database 21 is stored as data of the captured image (visible image, near-infrared image) of a plurality of areas T included in the culture medium FD acquired by the imaging unit 10 and transmitted to the server 20 Do. Note that the first database 21 may store measurement values acquired by a unit other than the imaging unit 10 as measurement values by remote sensing. For example, the first database 21 may store data of an image (visible image, near infrared image) acquired by imaging with a satellite and transmitted to the server 20. In this case, the fertilization design system 1 can be configured without providing the imaging unit 10.

The second database 22 stores data of calibration curves acquired in the past for each variety and cultivation area of the crop PL. For example, if the crop PL is rice (rice), the second database 22 is for each rice cultivar (eg, cultivar A, B,...) And each cultivar cultivation area (eg, by region, by prefecture, by city) It stores data of calibration curves acquired every, every town, or every village, in the past (for example, 1 year ago, 2 years ago, 3 years ago, etc.). Here, FIG. 3 schematically shows a calibration curve for a certain cultivar A of the crop PL. The standard curve is an indicator that indicates the growth state of the crop PL on the horizontal axis, and the coordinate plane on which the amount of fertilizer application to the culture medium FD in which the crop PL is grown is on the vertical axis. Points to a line that indicates a relationship.

Further, the second database 22 further stores data of the past harvest amount of the crop PL in the medium D. The yield data is stored in the second database 22 by, for example, being input by the fertilization design apparatus 30 and transmitted to the server 20, but transmitted from another terminal and stored in the second database 22. It may be

The third database 23 stores cultivation information on cultivation conditions of the crop PL. As the above-mentioned cultivation conditions, it is possible to consider, for example, the accumulated air temperature, the average precipitation or the average sunshine in the cultivation period in the cultivation area of the crop PL. In addition, said integrated temperature refers to the value which took out and integrated only the temperature more than the said minimum temperature by invalidating the temperature less than the minimum temperature effective with respect to the growth of crop PL in arbitrary cultivation periods. .

The first database 21, the second database 22, and the third database 23 described above are configured of storage media such as a hard disk and a non-volatile memory, for example. In the present embodiment, the first database 21, the second database 22 and the third database 23 are all provided in the same server 20, but at least one of them is provided in a server different from the server 20. May be

The communication unit 24 is an interface for communicating with the imaging unit 10 and the fertilization design device 30. The communication unit 24 includes a transmission circuit, a reception circuit, a modulation circuit, a demodulation circuit, an antenna, and the like, and is communicably connected to the communication line NW. The control unit 25 is constituted by a CPU (Central Processing Unit; central processing unit) that controls the operation of each unit of the server 20, and operates according to an operation program stored in a memory (not shown).

(Fertilizer design device)
FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the fertilization design device 30. As shown in FIG. The fertilization design device 30 is a device that determines the appropriate fertilization amount to the culture medium FD and provides it to the user, and is configured by, for example, a PC (personal computer). In addition, the fertilization design apparatus 30 may be comprised by the multifunctional portable terminal (for example, a smart phone, a tablet terminal).

The fertilization design device 30 has an input unit 31, a display unit 32, a storage unit 33, a communication unit 34, and a control unit 35.

The input unit 31 is operated by the user and is provided to receive input of information by the user. Specifically, such an input unit 31 includes an operation unit such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch pad. The display unit 32 is a display that displays various types of information, and is configured of, for example, a liquid crystal display device.

The storage unit 33 is a memory for storing a program for operating the control unit 35 and various types of information (for example, information acquired from the server 20), and is configured by, for example, a hard disk. The communication unit 34 is an interface for communicating with the server 20, includes a transmission circuit, a reception circuit, a modulation circuit, a demodulation circuit, an antenna, etc., and is communicably connected to the communication line NW. There is.

The control unit 35 is constituted by a CPU, and operates according to the operation program stored in the storage unit 33. The control unit 35 includes an overall control unit 35a, an index calculation unit 35b, an optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c, a fertilization amount determination unit 35d, a map creation unit 35e, a first histogram creation unit 35f, a second histogram creation unit 35g, and ordering. A control unit 35h is included to realize each of these functions. Note that each block described above of the control unit 35 may be configured by a separate CPU. The overall control unit 35a controls the operation of each unit of the fertilization design device 30 (including display control in the display unit 32 and communication control in the communication unit 34). The functions of blocks other than the general control unit 35a in the control unit 35 will be described together in the description of the processing described below.

[About processing in fertilization design system]
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing in the fertilization design system 1 of the present embodiment. The fertilization design method realized by the fertilization design system 1 includes a crop information acquisition step (S1), a measured value acquisition step (S2), an index calculation step (S3), a cultivation information acquisition step (S4), and an optimal calibration curve estimation step ( S5) Fertilization amount determination step (S6), Fertilization amount map creation step (S7), first histogram creation step (S8), second histogram creation step (S9), total fertilization amount calculation step (S10), display step (S10) S11), an optimum calibration curve adjustment step (S12), an adjustment determination step (S13), and an order control step (S14 to S16). Each step will be described below.

(S1: Crop information acquisition process)
In S1, in the fertilization design apparatus 30, when the user operates the input unit 31, crop information on the variety (for example, variety A) of the crop PL and the cultivation area (for example, aa city in AA prefecture) is input. The crop information is obtained by this input. The acquired crop information is stored in the storage unit 33.

(S2: Measurement value acquisition process)
In S2, the control unit 35 (for example, the overall control unit 35a) sends the first database 21 to the control unit 25 of the server 20 based on the crop information (type of crop PL, cultivation area) input in S1. Send a request to transmit stored measurement values. That is, the measurement values stored in the first database 21 are transmitted to the fertilization design apparatus 30 so as to transmit measurement values by remote sensing for a plurality of areas T included in the culture medium FD for cultivating the crop PL. Send a command to the server 20. In response to this command, the control unit 25 of the server 20 transmits the data of the measurement value stored in the first database 21 to the fertilization design device 30. Thereby, in the fertilization design apparatus 30, the said measured value is acquired. The acquired measurement value is stored in the storage unit 33. When there are a plurality of culture media FD managed by the same owner (farmer) in the cultivation area, the measurement values of the respective culture media FD are transmitted to the fertilization design device 30 and stored in the storage unit 33.

(S3: Index calculation process)
In S3, the index calculation unit 35b calculates an index indicating the growth state of the crop PL for each region T of the culture medium FD, based on the measurement value. In the present embodiment, the index calculation unit 35 b calculates an NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; normalized vegetation index) as the above-described index. The NDVI is an index indicating the distribution status and activity of vegetation, and is calculated using a measurement value (pixel value) acquired by remote sensing by the imaging unit 10. That is, when the pixel value of the visible image acquired by the imaging unit 10 is R and the pixel value of the near-infrared image is IR, NDVI = {(IR−R) / (IR + R)}. NDVI indicates a normalized value between -1 and 1, and the larger the positive number, the thicker the vegetation. In addition, in S2, when a measured value is acquired about several culture medium FD, said index is calculated for every area | region T by the index calculation part 35b about each of each culture medium FD.

The index calculation unit 35b may calculate the following values instead of the NDVI as the above-described index. As indexes other than NDVI, for example, RVI (Ratio Vegetation Index; RVI = IR / R), DVI (Difference Vegetation Index; Difference Vegetation Index, DVI = IR-R), TVI (Transformed Vegetation Index, TVI) = NDVI ^0.5 + 0.5) or IPVI (Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index, IPVI = IR / (IR + R) = (NDVI + 1) / 2), and the like.

Also, the index calculation unit 35b may calculate the coverage rate instead of the NDVI and use it as the above-mentioned index. The coverage rate indicates the rate at which the crop PL covers the ground surface of the culture medium FD. For example, the index calculation unit 35 b binarizes the near-infrared image acquired by the imaging unit 10 to form a binarized image of white and black, and in the binarized image, a white portion is The vegetation coverage can be calculated by calculating the proportion occupied. In the binarized image, the white part corresponds to the crop PL, and the black part corresponds to the soil.

(S4; cultivation information acquisition process)
In S4, the control unit 35 (for example, the overall control unit 35a) sends the third database 23 to the control unit 25 of the server 20 based on the crop information (type of crop PL, cultivation area) input in S1. Make a transmission request for the stored cultivation information. That is, the server 20 is sent the cultivation information on the cultivation conditions of the crop PL (for example, the accumulated temperature of this year and the past in the cultivation area of the crop PL) stored in the third database 23 to the fertilization design device 30. Send command In response to this command, the control unit 25 of the server 20 transmits the cultivation information stored in the third database 23 to the fertilization design device 30. Thereby, in the fertilization design apparatus 30, the said cultivation information is acquired. The acquired cultivation information is stored in the storage unit 33. In S4, instead of the above-mentioned integrated temperature, information on average precipitation and average sunshine may be acquired from the third database 23 as cultivation information.

(S5: Optimal calibration curve estimation process)
In S5, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c indicates the optimum calibration curve (the calibration curve most suitable for cultivating the crop PL), which optimally indicates the relationship between the index (for example, NDVI) of the crop PL and the fertilization amount, It is estimated from the reference standard curve which is a past standard curve or the crop information acquired in S1 and the index acquired in S3. In particular, in S5, when the data of the past calibration curve for the crop PL is stored in the second database 22, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c acquires the data of the calibration curve from the second database 22. Estimate the best calibration curve, but if the data of the above calibration curve is not stored in the second database 22, estimate the best calibration curve from the crop information acquired in S1 and the index calculated in S3. . Hereinafter, the details of the process of S5 will be described.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing details of the optimal calibration curve estimation step of S5. First, after establishing communication with the server 20 via the communication unit 34, the optimal calibration curve estimation unit 35c refers to the second database 22, and the same variety as the variety of the crop PL input by the input unit 31 ( For example, it is determined whether or not data of a past (for example, one year ago) calibration curve of the same cultivation area (for example, aa city AA) is stored (S21). The past fiscal year of the data of the calibration curve to be referred to (how many years ago the data of the calibration curve is to be referred to) may be designated by the user operating the input unit 31, for example. When the data of the past calibration curve is stored in S21, the calibration curve (data) is received and acquired from the second database 22 as a reference calibration curve serving as a reference for estimating the optimum calibration curve. To do (S22).

If the data of the past calibration curve is not stored in the second database 22 in S21, next, with a variety (for example, variety B) different from the variety of the crop PL input by the input unit 31, It is judged whether the data of the past calibration curve of the same cultivation area (for example, AA aa city) are stored (S23). If the data of the past calibration curve is stored in S23, the calibration curve (data) is received and acquired from the second database 22 as a reference calibration curve (S22).

When the data of the past calibration curve is not stored in the second database 22 at S23, next, the surrounding area of the cultivation area of the crop PL input by the input unit 31 (for example, bb city in AA prefecture) It is determined whether or not data of a past calibration curve is stored for the variety (for example, the same variety A or different variety B) grown in (S24). In addition, it is preferable that the said surrounding area is an area close | similar to the cultivation area (AA city aa AA) of crop PL, and it is more desirable that it is an area adjacent to the said cultivation area. In addition, the above-mentioned surrounding area may be an area of a neighboring farmer of a farmer who grows the above-mentioned crop PL. If the data of the past calibration curve is stored in S24, the calibration curve (data) is received and acquired from the second database 22 as a reference calibration curve (S22).

If the data of the past calibration curve is not stored at S24, next, for the variety of crop PL (for example, variety A) and direct varieties which are input by input unit 31, It is determined whether data is stored (S25). In addition, the cultivar A and the direct cultivar refer to cultivars having the same lineage as the cultivar A and similar quality, for example, cultivar A1 before generation (parent) of cultivar A in the genealogy, one generation after (child) It is possible to consider the variety A1 ', the variety A2 two generations ago, the variety A2' two generations later, and so on. In S24, if the data of the past calibration curve is stored in S25, the calibration curve (data) is received and acquired from the second database 22 as a reference calibration curve (S22).

When the standard calibration curve is acquired in S22, next, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c refers to the second database 22 again, and the crop corresponding to the above-mentioned standard calibration curve (the same variety, the variety of the same cultivation area, the periphery) It is determined whether or not the data of the past harvest amount is stored for the variety of the cultivation area or the variety of direct line (S26).

At S26, when the data of the past harvest amount is stored in the second database 22, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c receives and acquires the data of the above harvest amount from the second database 22 (S27), Based on the reference calibration curve acquired in S22 and the harvest amount acquired in S27, the optimum calibration curve for this year is estimated (S28).

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show an example of a past standard calibration curve (for example, one year ago) and an example of this year's optimum calibration curve estimated from the standard calibration curve. For example, if the harvest amount one year ago is larger than that two years ago, it is considered that lowering the upper limit of the fertilization amount can provide some harvest amount. On the contrary, if the harvest amount one year ago is smaller than two years ago, it is considered that a certain harvest amount can not be obtained unless the lower limit of the fertilization amount is raised.

Therefore, when the harvest amount one year ago is larger than that of the previous year, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c, as shown in FIG. 7, determines the upper limit of the fertilization amount in the reference calibration curve (calibration curve one year ago). Estimate the best calibration curve for the current year by lowering the yield according to the year-on-year ratio. Specifically, when the harvest amount one year ago is a% higher than the harvest amount two years ago, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c lowers the upper limit of the fertilization amount in the reference calibration curve by a%. To estimate the optimal calibration curve. On the contrary, when the harvest amount one year ago is smaller than that of the previous year, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c determines, as shown in FIG. Estimate this year's best calibration curve by raising accordingly. Specifically, when the harvest amount one year ago is b% lower than the harvest amount two years ago, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c should increase the lower limit of the fertilization amount in the reference calibration curve by b%. To estimate the optimal calibration curve.

On the other hand, when the data of the past harvest amount is not stored in the second database 22 in S26 of FIG. 6, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c determines the reference calibration curve according to the cultivation conditions acquired in S4. By changing, the best calibration curve of this year is estimated (S29). For example, if the yearly accumulated temperature is higher than one year ago, it can be considered that the growth of the crop PL is earlier than at the same time one year ago, and in this case, the fertilization amount is compared to one year ago. It is considered that the upper limit of may be lowered. Conversely, if the yearly accumulated temperature is lower than one year ago, it is considered that it is necessary to increase the lower limit of the amount of fertilizer application compared to one year ago, when the growth of crop PL is late compared to the same period one year ago. Be

Therefore, the optimal calibration curve estimating unit 35c estimates the optimal calibration curve for this year by lowering the upper limit or the lower limit of the fertilization amount in the reference calibration curve according to the rate of change of the integrated air temperature. Specifically, when the accumulated air temperature this year is c% higher than that of one year ago, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c lowers the upper limit of the fertilization amount in the reference calibration curve by c% as in FIG. To estimate the optimal calibration curve. On the contrary, when the accumulated temperature this year is d% lower than that of one year ago, the optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c estimates the optimum calibration curve by raising the lower limit of the fertilization amount in the reference calibration curve by d%. Do.

Further, in the case where the data of the past calibration curve is not stored in the second database 22 for the variety of crop PL and the straight variety in S25, the optimal calibration curve estimation unit 35c obtains the crop information and the information acquired in S1. An optimal calibration curve is estimated based on the distribution in the medium FL of the index for each region T calculated in S3 (S30).

For example, on the coordinate plane shown in FIG. 9, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c changes the fertilization amount according to the horizontal part H1 and H2 indicating the upper limit and the lower limit of the fertilization amount according to the crop PL and the value of the NDVI. The inclination of the inclined portion S (portion connecting the ends of the horizontal portions H1 and H2) is determined. At this time, the horizontal position of the inclined portion S is determined such that the median value of the NDVI becomes the standard fertilization amount (for example, 2 kg per unit area when the crop PL is rice). Then, according to the distribution of NDVI in the culture medium FD, the upper limit (horizontal part H1) and the lower limit (horizontal part H2) of the fertilization amount are adjusted. For example, when the average value of NDVI is equal to or higher than the threshold value, it is considered that the growth of the crop PL is relatively good and the upper limit of the fertilization amount can be lowered. Therefore, according to the difference between the average value of NDVI and the threshold value Lower the upper fertilization rate by the amount (shift H1 downward). Conversely, when the average value of NDVI is less than the threshold value, it is considered that the growth of crop PL is slow and it is necessary to increase the lower limit of the fertilization amount. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Increase the lower limit of the amount of fertilization by an amount according to the difference (shift the horizontal portion H2 upward). Thus, the optimal calibration curve estimating unit 35c estimates the optimal calibration curve of this year. The optimum calibration curve estimating unit 35c adjusts the upper or lower limit of the amount of fertilization according to the degree of variation (standard deviation) of the NDVI instead of the above average value of the NDVI to estimate the optimum calibration curve. It is also good.

(S6; Fertilization amount determination process)
In S6, the fertilization amount determination unit 35d fertilizes the medium FD based on the index (NDVI) calculated in S3 and the optimal calibration curve estimated in S5 or the optimal calibration curve adjusted in S14 described later Determine the amount of fertilization. In S3 described above, since the value of NDVI is obtained for each of the individual regions T included in the culture medium FD, the fertilization amount corresponding to the value of NDVI is the above-mentioned optimal calibration curve (FIG. 7 to FIG. See 10). Therefore, the fertilization amount determination unit 35d can determine the fertilization amount for one medium FD by adding up the fertilization amounts corresponding to the value of NDVI of each region T. In addition, when an index is calculated about several culture medium FD in S3, the fertilization amount about each culture medium FD can be determined by performing the calculation similar to the above for every culture medium FD.

(S7; Fertilization map making process)
In S7, the map creation unit 35e creates a fertilization amount map indicating the distribution of the fertilization amount determined in S6 in the culture medium FD. For example, FIG. 11 shows the distribution of NDVI when the value of the index (NDVI) for each region T calculated in S3 is simply divided into three stages (small, medium, large) in the culture medium FD. It shows an index map. In the index map, a portion corresponding to the culture medium FD is indicated by FD ′, and a portion corresponding to each region T of the culture medium FD is indicated by T ′ (the same applies to the next fertilization amount map). In the medium FD, in the region where the value of NDVI is high, since the growth of the crop PL is good, the required fertilization amount is small, and conversely, in the region where the value of NDVI is low, the necessary fertilization amount is large. Therefore, as the fertilization amount map, as shown in FIG. 12, a map corresponding to the index map shown in FIG. 11 is obtained. That is, the fertilizer amount map in which the magnitude of the fertilization amount is reversed to the magnitude of the value of the NDVI is obtained. In addition, when there exist multiple culture medium FD, a fertilization amount map is created for every culture medium FD.

(S8; first histogram creation step)
In S8, the first histogram creating unit 35g calculates, for each medium FD, the average value of the indices in the medium FD, and creates a first histogram indicating the relationship between the average value of the above indices and the number of mediums FD. Do. FIG. 13 schematically shows an example of the first histogram. Referring to the first histogram, the number of fields where the average value of NDVI is lower than the median of the horizontal axis is relatively small, and the average value of NDVI is relatively higher, the number of fields higher than the median of the horizontal axis From these facts, it can be said that these fields have a relatively favorable growth environment (eg, climate, soil, etc.), and it is expected that the harvest amount of the crop PL cultivated in these fields will be large in total (all fields combined). .

(S9; second histogram creation step)
In S9, the second histogram creating unit 35h calculates the average value of the fertilization amount of each region T determined in the fertilization amount determination step of S6 for each culture medium FD, and the relationship between the average value of the fertilization amount and the number of culture media Create a second histogram showing FIG. 14 schematically shows an example of the second histogram. Moreover, FIG. 15 shows an example of the average value of the fertilization amount for each culture medium FD (for convenience, these culture medium FD is distinguished by field 1, 2, 3 ...). Referring to the second histogram, the number of fields where the average amount of fertilizer application is lower than the median of the horizontal axis is relatively high, and the number of fields where the average value of fertilizer application is higher than the median of the horizontal axis is relative In these fields, it is expected that the crop PL can be harvested with a relatively small amount of fertilization in total (all fields combined).

(S10; total fertilization amount calculation process)
In S10, based on the fertilization amount for each culture medium FD determined in the fertilization amount determination step of S6, the fertilization amount determination unit 35d determines the total fertilization amount for all culture media FD, that is, the fertilization amount for each culture medium FD. The total value is calculated (in the case of one medium FD, the fertilization amount determined in S6 is the total fertilization amount). In FIG. 15, the case where the total fertilization amount about all the culture media FD was 75 kg is shown.

(S11; display process)
In S11, the display unit 32 displays various types of information under the control of the overall control unit 35a. FIG. 16 schematically shows an example of the display screen 32 a of the display unit 32. As shown in the figure, the information displayed on the display unit 32 includes, for example, crop information (variety and cultivation area) input in S1, designation information of a calibration curve by the input unit 31 (calibration for several years ago) See the line), the optimal calibration curve estimated in S5, the fertilization amount map prepared in S7, the first histogram prepared in S8, the second histogram prepared in S9 and the average value of the fertilization amount for each medium FD, S10 In addition to the total fertilization amount calculated in the box, the box for the user to specify the management policy (designation box for attack / defense), the approval button for asking for the user's approval, and the order button for accepting the user's order are included. . Note that the price of fertilizer (fertilizer unit price x total fertilization amount) corresponding to the total fertilization amount may also be displayed on the display screen 32a.

Note that, in FIG. 16, when there are a plurality of culture media FD, first, a map of the whole of the plurality of culture media FD is displayed, and then, when a predetermined culture medium FD is designated by the input unit 31 (for example, the predetermined culture medium FD When the mouse is clicked), the fertilization amount map corresponding to the optimum calibration curve of the designated medium FD is enlarged and displayed. When the optimal calibration curve adjustment step described below is performed, the information obtained in S6 to S10 is displayed on the display unit 32 for the optimal calibration curve after adjustment.

(S12: Optimal calibration curve adjustment process)
By displaying various types of information on the display screen 32a of the display unit 32 in S11, the user can check the displayed information and check the optimum calibration curve and the fertilization amount to be ordered. Further, when it is desired to correct the optimal calibration curve, the user can correct the optimal calibration curve by operating the input unit 31. In S12, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c adjusts the optimum calibration curve based on the user's instruction input, as necessary. When the user does not input an instruction for the optimum calibration curve, the process of S12 is skipped.

For example, FIG. 17 shows the optimal calibration curve displayed on the display screen 32 a of the display unit 32. The user sets a control point P which is a connection point between the horizontal portion H1 and the inclined portion S in the optimum calibration curve or a control point Q which is a connection point between the horizontal portion H2 and the inclined portion S on the display screen 32a. The mouse pointer as the input unit 31 is positioned, and the pointer is moved vertically and horizontally while clicking on the mouse at that position. The optimal calibration curve estimating unit 35c can adjust the optimal calibration curve to a desired shape by moving the control point P or the control point Q vertically and horizontally in response to such movement of the mouse (pointer). .

In addition, the user can also realize an optimal calibration curve according to the management policy by specifying the management policy (aggressive / defense) by the input unit 31 as necessary on the display screen 32a shown in FIG. It becomes possible. Here, the above-mentioned "attack" refers to a policy in which a large yield can be expected but a risk (damage) also increases if it fails, for example, an optimal calibration curve that widens the range between the upper and lower limits of the fertilization amount. Adjustment corresponds to this "offensive" policy. Conversely, "defense" refers to a policy in which the yield is stable and the risk is small, and for example, "adaptation" is the adjustment of the optimal calibration curve to narrow the range between the upper limit and the lower limit of the fertilization rate. Corresponds to the policy of That is, when the management policy (aggression / defense) is designated by the input unit 31, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c increases the width between the upper limit and the lower limit of the fertilization amount in the estimated optimum calibration curve by a predetermined amount (attack Adjust the best calibration curve by (if it is) or reduce (if protection).

As described above, in the present embodiment, since various instructions and inputs can be performed on the information displayed on the display screen 32a by the operation of the input unit 31, the display information on the display screen 32a and the input unit 31 can be said to constitute a GUI (Graphical User Interface).

(S13; adjustment determination process)
In S13, the overall control unit 35a determines the presence or absence of the adjustment of the optimal calibration curve in S12, and controls each part of the fertilization design apparatus 10 based on the determination result. More specifically, when the overall control unit 35a determines that the adjustment of the optimal calibration curve has been performed in S12 (in the case of Yes in S13), the processes after S6 are executed again based on the optimal calibration curve after adjustment. Control each part of the control unit 35 and the display unit 32. Therefore, in this case, the determination of the fertilization amount of the culture medium FD (S6), the preparation of the fertilization amount map (S7), the preparation of the first histogram (S8), the preparation of the second histogram (S8) S9), calculation of total fertilization amount (S10), and display of various information (S11) are performed again. On the other hand, when the overall control unit 35a determines that the adjustment of the optimal calibration curve has not been performed in S12 (in the case of No in S13), the process shifts to the order control process described below.

(S14 to S16; order control process)
The order control unit 35 h controls the order of the fertilizer based on the instruction input by the input unit 31. More specifically, order control unit 35h first determines whether or not the user's approval has been accepted by a user's instruction input (for example, a click with a mouse) on the approval button displayed on display unit 32 (S14) . When the user's approval is received, next, the order control unit 35h determines whether the user's order has been received by the user's instruction input (for example, a click with a mouse) on the order button (S15). When the user's order is received, the order control unit 35h orders the fertilizer for the total fertilization amount displayed in S12 from the company (fertilizer maker, agent or distributor, etc.) of the supplier (S16; Ordering process). Then, the series of processing ends.

Note that after the user inputs an instruction to the approval button or the order button, confirmation display may be performed to confirm the approval or the order again. For example, after the user's instruction input to the approval button, the confirmation sentence of “Is it really approve?” Is displayed, and “Yes” and “No” selection boxes are displayed, and one of these is selected by the user You may make it input as needed and prompt for confirmation again.

On the other hand, when the user's approval is not received in S14 (for example, when the display screen 32a is closed without receiving the approval) and when the user's order is not received in S15 (for example, the display is not received). In the case where the screen 32a is closed), the series of processes is ended without ordering the fertilizer. In addition, when there is no user's instruction input with respect to the approval button and there is a user's instruction input with respect to the order button, since the user's approval is not received, the fertilizer order is not performed. Therefore, the ordering process of S16 is executed only when the user's order is accepted by the user's instruction input to the order button after the user's approval is accepted by the user's instruction input to the approval button.

〔effect〕
As described above, in the present embodiment, the index calculation unit 35b calculates an index indicating the growth state of the crop PL for each region T of the culture medium FD based on the measurement value by remote sensing acquired in S2 ( S3). For example, when the index is NDVI, as described above, NDVI can be obtained by a simple calculation using the above measured values (pixel values IR and R). Therefore, it is possible to obtain an indicator by a simple method without performing measurement with a measuring instrument (for example, measurement with a chlorophyll meter) for examining the growth state of each crop PL, as in the past. .

Further, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c may calculate the optimum calibration curve obtained by optimizing the relationship between the index for the crop PL and the fertilization amount with the past calibration curve (reference calibration curve), or the crop information acquired in S1 and S3. It estimates from the parameter | index acquired by (S5). Then, the fertilization amount determination unit 35d determines the fertilization amount to be fertilized to the culture medium FD based on the index and the optimal calibration curve (S6). Thereby, the (optimum) fertilization amount necessary for the growth of the crop PL can be obtained not only when the standard calibration curve for the crop PL exists but also when the standard calibration curve does not exist. That is, although there is a cultivar in which a standard calibration curve does not exist depending on the crop PL, the fertilization amount is determined for such cultivar by estimating the optimal calibration curve from the crop information and the index. Further, since the fertilization amount is determined based on the index and the optimal calibration curve, the determined fertilization amount sufficiently reflects the current growth condition of the crop PL indicated by the index. Therefore, it is possible to perform fertilization (variable fertilization) according to the growth state of the crop PL, using the determined fertilizer amount for all the varieties of the crop PL.

In addition, since the optimal calibration curve is a calibration curve that optimizes the relationship between the index and the fertilization amount, the accuracy is high by determining the fertilization amount using the above optimal calibration curve (the excess and deficiency of the fertilizer is sufficiently It is possible to realize (reduced) variable fertilization.

Further, in S5, when the data of the reference calibration curve for the crop PL is stored in the second database 22 of the server 20, the optimal calibration curve estimation unit 35c acquires the above data from the second database 22. Estimate the best calibration curve. As a result, the fertilization design device 30 does not have to have a large capacity memory for storing data of the reference calibration curve, and the configuration of the device can be simplified. On the other hand, when the above data is not stored in the second database 22, the optimal calibration curve estimation unit 35c estimates the optimal calibration curve from the crop information acquired in S1 and the index calculated in S3, The optimal calibration curve can be estimated even for varieties that do not have a reference calibration curve in the past.

In S4, cultivation information on cultivation conditions of the crop PL is acquired from the third database 23 of the server 20. Then, the optimal calibration curve estimating unit 35c estimates the optimal calibration curve by changing the reference calibration curve based on the above-mentioned cultivation conditions (S29). In this case, it becomes possible to determine the fertilization amount (fertilization design) in consideration of the actual cultivation conditions of the crop PL using the above-mentioned optimal calibration curve, and variable fertilization can be performed accurately based on such fertilization design. .

At this time, the above-mentioned cultivation conditions include any of the integrated temperature, the average precipitation, and the average sunshine in the cultivation period in the cultivation area of the crop PL. Since the accumulated air temperature, the average precipitation, and the average amount of sunshine are all indispensable requirements for the cultivation of the crop PL, fertilization design considering the cultivation conditions of the crop PL is surely possible.

In addition, the optimum calibration curve estimation unit 35c acquires data of a reference calibration curve for the crop PL and data of past harvest amount for the crop PL from the second database 22, and based on the above-mentioned reference calibration curve and the above-mentioned harvest amount Then, the optimum calibration curve is estimated (S22, S26 to S28). In order to estimate the optimum calibration curve taking into consideration not only the standard calibration curve for the crop PL but also the past harvest amount, it becomes possible to design fertilization considering the past performance, and the reliability of such fertilization design is improved. .

Here, the reference calibration curve may be a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same breed as the crop PL (S21, S22). The reference calibration curve may be a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivation area as the crop PL (S21, S23, S22). Furthermore, the standard calibration curve may be a calibration curve acquired in the past for varieties grown in the surrounding area of the cultivation area of the crop PL (S24, S22). Furthermore, the standard calibration curve may be a calibration curve acquired in the past for the crop PL and the straight varieties (S25, S22). Since these calibration curves are highly related to the varieties or cultivation area of the crop PL contained in the input crop information (because the varieties or cultivation areas are identical or close thereto), any calibration curve is used as a standard calibration. Even when used as a line, the fertilization amount can be determined by appropriately estimating the optimum calibration curve for the crop PL from the reference calibration curve.

Further, the optimal calibration curve estimating unit 35c estimates the optimal calibration curve based on the crop information and the distribution of the index in the culture medium FD (S30). As a result, even when the reference calibration curve is not stored in the second database 22, it becomes possible to determine the fertilization amount based on the estimated optimal calibration curve and perform variable fertilization.

Also, under the control of the overall control unit 35a, the display unit 32 displays the estimated optimal calibration curve (S11). Thereby, it is possible to recommend (recommend) the estimated optimal calibration curve to the user. In addition, the user can customize (fine-tune) the optimum calibration curve by operating the input unit 31 as needed, as in S12, by viewing the displayed optimum calibration curve (see FIG. 17). ).

Further, the optimal calibration curve estimation unit 35c adjusts the optimal calibration curve based on the user's instruction input (S12, S13), and the fertilization amount determination unit 35d is based on the index and the optimal calibration curve after adjustment. The fertilization amount is determined (S6). As a result, even if the optimum calibration curve is adjusted according to the user's intention, the fertilization amount can be determined based on the adjusted optimum calibration curve, and variable fertilization can be performed.

Further, the map creation unit 35e creates a fertilization amount map indicating the distribution of the fertilization amount in the culture medium FD determined by the fertilization amount determination unit 35d (S7), and the display unit 32 further displays the fertilization amount map ( S11). In this case, the user can confirm the displayed fertilization amount map and, based on the fertilization amount map, can operate the input unit 31 to finely adjust the optimum calibration curve as needed. For example, when the user sees the displayed fertilizer amount map and determines that the fertilization amount in the region T where the fertilizer amount is small may be increased, the user operates the input unit 31 to set the lower limit of the optimal calibration curve. Fine adjustment such as raising can be performed.

In addition, the first histogram creation unit 35f calculates the average value of the index in the culture medium FD for each culture medium FD, and creates a first histogram indicating the relationship between the average value of the index and the number of culture media (S8). Then, the display unit 32 further displays the first histogram (S11). In this case, based on the displayed first histogram, the user can operate the input unit 31 to finely adjust the optimum calibration curve as needed.

For example, in the first histogram displayed, when the number of medium FD (field) having a high average value of NDVI as index is large and the medium FD having a good growth environment of crop PL is considered to be large, the total of all medium FD Even if the amount of fertilizer application is reduced, some yield can be expected. In this case, the user can operate the input unit 31 to perform fine adjustment such as lowering the upper limit of the fertilization amount of the optimal calibration curve for each culture medium FD specified by the fertilization amount map (overall). Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the total fertilization amount about all the culture media FD, and to aim at the cost reduction of fertilizer.

Further, the second histogram creating unit 35g calculates, for each culture medium FD, the average value of the fertilization quantity determined by the fertilization amount determination unit 35d for each culture medium FD, and the relationship between the average value of the fertilization quantity and the number of culture mediums FD. To create a second histogram (S9). Then, the display unit 32 further displays the second histogram (S11). In this case, based on the displayed second histogram, the user can operate the input unit 31 to finely adjust the optimal calibration curve as needed.

For example, in the displayed second histogram, when it is considered that the number of medium FD (field) having a high average value of the fertilization amount is small and the medium FD having a good growth environment of the crop PL is large, Even if the amount of fertilization is lowered, a certain amount of harvest is expected. Therefore, in this case, as described above, the user operates the input unit 31 to perform fine adjustment such as lowering the upper limit of the fertilization amount of the optimal calibration curve for each culture medium FD specified in the fertilization amount map (overall) By carrying out, it becomes possible to suppress the total fertilization amount about all the culture media FD, and to aim at the cost reduction of fertilizer.

In addition, the fertilization amount determination unit 35d calculates the total fertilization amount of all the culture media FD, that is, the total value of the fertilization amounts of the respective culture media FD, based on the fertilization amount of each culture medium FD determined in S6 S10). Then, the display unit 32 displays the total fertilization amount described above, an approval button for requesting the user's approval, and an order button for receiving the user's order. Thereby, the user confirms the total fertilization amount on the display screen 32 a of the display unit 32 and, if necessary, gives an input instruction (click) by the input unit 31 to the approval button and the order button to order the fertilizer Can be instructed.

Further, the order control unit 35 h receives the user's approval by the user's instruction input on the approval button on the display screen 32 a of the display unit 32, and only when the user's order is received by the user's instruction input on the order button Order fertilizer for the total fertilization amount (S14 to S16). Since the fertilizer can not be ordered unless the user's approval is obtained, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of troubles related to the fertilizer order.

The fertilization design method, the fertilization design apparatus, and the fertilization design system described in the present embodiment can also be expressed as follows.

A1. A crop information acquisition step of acquiring crop information on crop varieties and cultivation areas; a measured value acquisition step of acquiring measured values by remote sensing for a plurality of regions included in a culture medium for cultivating the crop; Based on the index calculation step of calculating an index indicating the growth state of the crop for each region, and an optimal calibration curve that optimally indicates the relationship between the index of the crop and the fertilization amount, the past for the crop Fertilization to determine the fertilization amount to be fertilized to the culture medium based on a standard calibration curve which is a calibration curve or an optimum calibration curve estimation step estimated from the crop information and the index, the index and the optimum calibration curve Fertilizer design method including quantity determination process.

A2. In the optimal calibration curve estimation step, when the data of the reference calibration curve for the crop is stored in a database, the data is acquired from the database to estimate the optimal calibration curve, while the data is The fertilization design method according to A1, wherein the optimal calibration curve is estimated from the crop information and the index, when is not stored in the database.

A3. The method further includes a cultivation information acquisition step of acquiring cultivation information on cultivation conditions of the crop, and the optimal calibration curve estimation step estimates the optimal calibration curve by changing the reference calibration curve based on the cultivation conditions. The fertilization design method as described in A1, or A2.

A4. The fertilization design method according to A3, wherein the cultivation conditions include any one of an accumulated temperature, an average precipitation, and an average sunshine amount in the cultivation period of the crop in the cultivation area.

A5. In the optimal calibration curve estimation step, data of the standard calibration curve for the crop and data of past harvest amount for the crop are obtained from a database, and the optimal calibration is obtained based on the baseline calibration curve and the harvest amount. The fertilization design method as described in A1 or A2 which estimates a line.

A6. The fertilization design method according to any one of A1 to A5, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivar as the crop.

A7. The fertilization design method according to A6, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivation area as the crop.

A8. The fertilization design method according to A6, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for varieties grown in a surrounding area of the crop cultivation area.

A9. The fertilization design method according to any one of A1 to A5, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the crop and the direct cultivar.

A10. The fertilization design method according to A1 or A2, wherein in the optimal calibration curve estimation step, an optimal calibration curve is estimated based on the crop information and the distribution of the index in the culture medium.

A11. The fertilization design method in any one of A1 to A10 further including the display process which displays the said optimal calibration curve estimated at the said optimal calibration curve estimation process.

A12. The method further includes an optimal calibration curve adjusting step of adjusting the optimal calibration curve based on a user's instruction input, and the fertilization amount determining step comprises applying the fertilization amount based on the index and the optimal calibration curve after adjustment. The fertilization design method as described in A11 to determine.

A13. A11 or A11 or A11 or A11, further comprising a fertilization amount map creation step of preparing a fertilization amount map showing distribution of the fertilization amount in the culture medium determined in the fertilization amount determination step, wherein the display step further displays the fertilization amount map Fertilization design method described in A12.

A14. The method further includes a first histogram creation step of calculating an average value of the index in the culture medium for each culture medium, and creating a first histogram indicating a relationship between the average value of the index and the number of culture media, the display The fertilization design method in any one of A11 to A13 which further displays a said 1st histogram in a process.

A15. The average value of the fertilization amount determined in the fertilization amount determination step in the culture medium is calculated for each of the culture media, and a second histogram indicating the relationship between the average value of the fertilization amount and the number of the culture media is created The fertilization design method of A14 which further includes a 2nd histogram preparation process, and the said display process further displays the said 2nd histogram.

A16. The method further includes a total fertilization amount calculating step of calculating a total fertilization amount of all the culture media based on the fertilization amount of each culture medium determined in the fertilization amount determination step, and in the display step, the total fertilization amount; The fertilization design method in any one of A11 to 15 which further displays the approval button for asking for a user's approval, and the order button for receiving a user's order.

A17. The method further includes an ordering step of ordering the fertilizer for the total fertilization amount only when the user's approval is received by the user's instruction input to the approval button and the user's order is received by the user's instruction input to the order button. , The fertilization design method as described in A16.

B1. An input unit for receiving input of information by a user, and, when crop information on a crop variety and a cultivation area is input by the input unit, remote sensing is performed on a plurality of regions included in a culture medium for cultivating the crop An index calculation unit that calculates an index indicating the growth state of the crop for each region based on measured values, and an optimal calibration curve that optimally indicates the relationship between the index and the fertilization amount for the crop, for the crop The fertilization amount applied to the culture medium based on a standard calibration curve which is a past calibration curve or an optimum calibration curve estimation unit estimated from the crop information and the index, the index and the optimum calibration curve Fertilization design device provided with the fertilization amount determination part to determine.

B2. The optimal calibration curve estimating unit estimates the optimal calibration curve based on the reference calibration curve when the data of the reference calibration curve for the crop is stored in the database, while the data is stored in the database The fertilization design apparatus according to B1, wherein the optimal calibration curve is estimated from the crop information and the index if not stored in the.

B3. The optimal calibration curve estimation unit estimates the optimal calibration curve by changing the reference calibration curve based on the cultivation conditions when cultivation information on cultivation conditions of the crop is input by the input unit. Do. The fertilization design apparatus as described in B1 or B2.

B4. The fertilization design device according to B3, wherein the cultivation conditions include any one of an accumulated temperature, an average precipitation, and an average sunshine amount in the cultivation period of the crop in the cultivation area.

B5. The optimal calibration curve estimating unit estimates the optimal calibration curve based on the data of the standard calibration curve for the crop and the data of past harvest amounts for the crop stored in the database, B1 or Fertilization design apparatus described in B2.

B6. The fertilization design device according to any one of B1 to B5, wherein the reference calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivar as the crop.

B7. The fertilization design device according to B6, wherein the reference calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivation area as the crop.

B8. The fertilization design device according to B6, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for varieties grown in a surrounding area of a cultivation area of the crop.

B9. The fertilization design device according to any one of B1 to B5, wherein the reference calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the crop and the direct cultivar.

B10. The fertilization design device according to B1 or B2, wherein the optimal calibration curve estimation unit estimates an optimal calibration curve based on the crop information and the distribution of the index in the culture medium.

B11. The fertilization design device in any one of B1 to B10 further including the display part which displays the said optimal calibration curve estimated by the said optimal calibration curve estimation part.

B12. The optimum calibration curve estimation unit adjusts the optimum calibration curve based on a user's instruction input, and the fertilization amount determination unit controls the fertilization amount based on the index and the adjustment optimal calibration curve. The fertilization design apparatus of B11 to determine.

B13. B11 or B11, which further includes a fertilization amount map creation unit that generates a fertilization amount map showing distribution of the fertilization amount in the culture medium determined by the fertilization amount determination unit, the display unit further displays the fertilization amount map Fertilization design apparatus described in B12.

B14. The display device further includes a first histogram generation unit that calculates an average value of the index in the culture medium for each culture medium, and generates a first histogram indicating a relationship between the average value of the index and the number of culture media, and the display The fertilization design device according to any one of B11 to B13, wherein the unit further displays the first histogram.

B15. The average value of the fertilization amount determined by the fertilization amount determination unit in the culture medium is calculated for each culture medium, and a second histogram indicating the relationship between the average value of the fertilization amount and the number of the culture medium is created The fertilization design device according to B14, further including a second histogram creation unit, wherein the display unit further displays the second histogram.

B16. The fertilization amount determination unit calculates a total fertilization amount for the entire culture medium based on the fertilization amount for each of the culture media, and the display unit includes the total fertilization amount and an approval button for obtaining user approval. The fertilization design device according to any one of B11 to B15, which further displays an order button for receiving a user's order.

B17. The order control unit for ordering the fertilizer for the total fertilization amount only when the user's approval is received by the user's instruction input to the approval button, and only when the user's order is received by the user's instruction input to the order button The fertilization design apparatus as described in B16 including.

B18. A total fertilization amount calculation unit for calculating a total fertilization amount for all culture media based on the fertilization amount for each culture medium determined by the fertilization amount determination unit, the total fertilization amount for calculating the total fertilization amount, and approval for the user The fertilization design device according to B1, further comprising a display unit that displays an approval button and an order button for receiving a user's order.

B19. The system further includes an order control unit that controls fertilizer ordering based on an instruction input by the input unit, and the order control unit receives the user's approval by the user's instruction input to the approval button, and then the user for the order button The fertilization design device according to B18, which orders the fertilizer for the total fertilization amount only when the user's order is accepted by the instruction input of.

C1. B1 to B19, the first database storing the measured values, and the second database storing at least the data of the reference calibration curve, wherein the index calculation of the fertilizing design device is performed. The unit calculates the index based on the measurement values stored in the first database, and the optimal calibration curve estimation unit is data of the reference calibration curve stored in the second database, or The fertilization design system which estimates the said optimal calibration curve from the said crop information and the said parameter | index.

C2. The system further includes a third database storing cultivation information on cultivation conditions of the crop, and the optimum calibration curve estimation unit changes the reference calibration curve based on the data of the cultivation conditions stored in the third database. The fertilization design system as described in C1 which estimates the said optimal standard curve by.

C3. The imaging apparatus according to any one of C1 and C2, further comprising: an imaging unit configured to capture the culture medium for growing the crop and acquire an image, and the first database stores data of the image acquired by the imaging unit as the measurement value. Fertilizer design system.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and it can extend or change and carry out within the range which does not deviate from the main point of invention.

The present invention is applicable to an apparatus and system for determining the amount of fertilization to a culture medium.

30 Fertilization design apparatus 31 Input unit 32 Display unit 35 b Index calculation unit 35 c Optimal calibration curve estimation unit 35 d Fertilization amount determination unit 35 h Order control unit

Claims (20)

1. A crop information acquisition process for acquiring crop information on crop varieties and cultivation areas;
   A measurement value acquisition step of acquiring measurement values by remote sensing for a plurality of regions included in a culture medium for cultivating the crop;
   An index calculating step of calculating, for each area, an index indicating a growth state of the crop based on the measured value;
   A standard calibration curve which is a past calibration curve of the crop, or an optimal calibration curve estimated from the crop information and the indicator, which optimally shows the relationship between the index and the fertilization amount for the crop. Process,
   A fertilization design method, comprising: a fertilization amount determination step of determining the fertilization amount to be fertilized in the culture medium based on the index and the optimal calibration curve.
2. In the optimal calibration curve estimation step, when the data of the reference calibration curve for the crop is stored in a database, the data is acquired from the database to estimate the optimal calibration curve, while the data is The fertilization design method according to claim 1, wherein the optimal calibration curve is estimated from the crop information and the index, when is not stored in the database.
3. The method further includes a cultivation information acquisition step of acquiring cultivation information on cultivation conditions of the crop,
   The fertilization design method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the optimal calibration curve estimation step, the optimal calibration curve is estimated by changing the reference calibration curve based on the cultivation conditions.
4. The fertilization design method according to claim 3, wherein the cultivation conditions include any one of an accumulated temperature, an average precipitation, and an average amount of sunshine in the cultivation period of the crop in the cultivation area.
5. In the optimal calibration curve estimation step, data of the standard calibration curve for the crop and data of past harvest amount for the crop are obtained from a database, and the optimal calibration is obtained based on the baseline calibration curve and the harvest amount. The fertilization design method of Claim 1 or 2 which estimates a line.
6. The fertilization design method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivar as the crop.
7. The fertilization design method according to claim 6, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the same cultivation area as the crop.
8. The fertilization design method according to claim 6, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past with respect to varieties grown in a surrounding area of a cultivation area of the crop.
9. The fertilization design method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the standard calibration curve is a calibration curve acquired in the past for the crop and the direct cultivar.
10. The fertilization design method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the optimal calibration curve estimation step, an optimal calibration curve is estimated based on the crop information and the distribution of the index in the culture medium.
11. The fertilization design method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a display step of displaying the optimal calibration curve estimated in the optimal calibration curve estimation step.
12. The method further includes an optimal calibration curve adjustment step of adjusting the optimal calibration curve based on a user's instruction input,
    The fertilization design method according to claim 11, wherein in the fertilization amount determination step, the fertilization amount is determined based on the index and the optimal calibration curve after adjustment.
13. Further comprising a fertilization amount map creation step of creating a fertilization amount map showing the distribution of the fertilization amount in the culture medium determined in the fertilization amount determination step;
    The fertilization design method according to claim 11, wherein the fertilization amount map is further displayed in the display step.
14. The method further includes a first histogram creation step of calculating an average value of the index in the culture medium for each culture medium, and creating a first histogram indicating a relationship between the average value of the index and the number of culture media,
    The fertilization design method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the display step further displays the first histogram.
15. The average value of the fertilization amount determined in the fertilization amount determination step in the culture medium is calculated for each of the culture media, and a second histogram indicating the relationship between the average value of the fertilization amount and the number of the culture media is created Further including a second histogram creation step,
    The fertilization design method according to claim 14, wherein the second histogram is further displayed in the display step.
16. Further including a total fertilization amount calculating step of calculating a total fertilization amount of all the media based on the fertilization amount of each culture medium determined in the fertilization amount determination step;
    The fertilization design according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the display step further displays the total fertilization amount, an approval button for requesting approval of the user, and an order button for receiving an order of the user. Method.
17. The method further includes an ordering step of ordering the fertilizer for the total fertilization amount only when the user's approval is received by the user's instruction input to the approval button and the user's order is received by the user's instruction input to the order button. The fertilization design method according to claim 16.
18. An input unit for receiving input of information by a user;
    Indicates the growth state of the crop based on the measured values by remote sensing for a plurality of regions included in the culture medium for cultivating the crop when crop information on the crop variety and cultivation area is input by the input unit. An index calculation unit that calculates an index for each area;
    A standard calibration curve which is a past calibration curve of the crop, or an optimal calibration curve estimated from the crop information and the indicator, which optimally shows the relationship between the index and the fertilization amount for the crop. Department,
    A fertilization design device comprising: a fertilization amount determination unit that determines the fertilization amount to be fertilized to the culture medium based on the index and the optimal calibration curve.
19. A total fertilization amount calculation unit that calculates a total fertilization amount of all the media based on the fertilization amount of each culture medium determined by the fertilization amount determination unit;
    The fertilization design apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising a display unit that displays the total fertilization amount, an approval button for requesting user's approval, and an order button for receiving an order of the user.
20. The system further comprises an order control unit that controls fertilizer order based on an instruction input by the input unit,
    The order control unit orders the fertilizer for the total fertilization amount only when accepting the user's order by the user's instruction input to the order button after accepting the user's approval by the user's instruction input to the approval button. The fertilization design apparatus according to claim 19.

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