WO2019110425A1 - Moteur électrique - Google Patents

Moteur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019110425A1
WO2019110425A1 PCT/EP2018/083044 EP2018083044W WO2019110425A1 WO 2019110425 A1 WO2019110425 A1 WO 2019110425A1 EP 2018083044 W EP2018083044 W EP 2018083044W WO 2019110425 A1 WO2019110425 A1 WO 2019110425A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
electric motor
nickel layer
rotor
motor shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/083044
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lakshmi Narayanan MUTHU
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2019110425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019110425A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/002—Conductive elements, e.g. to prevent static electricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1737—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/52—Alloys based on nickel, e.g. Inconel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/02—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for suppression of electromagnetic interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric motor with a contact element, such a contact element and a bearing with such a contact element according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • a device for shielding electromagnetic interference of an electric motor which is controlled by means of a clocked signal. It is provided that the rotor is connected to the motor shaft via an electrically conductive connecting element, wherein the connecting element acts on the end face of the motor shaft and is secured to the end face of the rotor component.
  • the invention relates to an electric motor, in particular a
  • External rotor motor comprising a rotor, a stator and a motor shaft, wherein the motor shaft is associated with the stator or the rotor and having a rotation axis about which rotor and stator are rotatably supported by at least one bearing, and wherein the motor shaft has a lateral surface and between rotor and stator a contacting element is arranged, which in Contact with the at least one bearing is and on the lateral surface of the motor shaft and / or a contact surface of the bearing to this movable, in particular rotatable, is applied. It is suggested that the motor shaft is associated with the stator or the rotor and having a rotation axis about which rotor and stator are rotatably supported by at least one bearing, and wherein the motor shaft has a lateral surface and between rotor and stator a contacting element is arranged, which in Contact with the at least one bearing is and on the lateral surface of the motor shaft and / or a contact surface of the bearing to this movable
  • ком ⁇ онент is at least partially formed of a nickel layer, in particular a chemical nickel layer, or at least one such nickel layer.
  • the devisiereiement invention can due to its small size
  • such a contacting element can advantageously protect the interior of the bearing from solid or liquid contaminants.
  • an imaginary axis can be understood by a rotation axis about which a body, in particular the rotor, rotates in the sense of a rotation axis.
  • the term motor shaft can be understood as an objective machine element.
  • lateral surface is in this case not limited to a cylindrically planar surface, rather, the lateral surface may comprise projections and recesses, which has the motor shaft.
  • the nickel layer is formed as a chemical nickel layer.
  • a chemico-nickel layer is a chemically produced coating of nickel, which is deposited electrolessly on a substrate, for example, from nickel-phosphorus or nickel-boron alloys. The deposition of such a chemical nickel layer takes place in an autocatalytic process.
  • Such a chemical nickel layer has in particular with respect to the uniformity of the layer thickness, as well as the
  • the rotor and the stator are rotatably supported relative to one another by means of at least one bearing.
  • the motor shaft in the motor carrier or stator can be firmly clamped, wherein the rotor rotates in operation about the motor shaft.
  • the motor shaft itself is clamped in the rotor and together with the rotor in the stator or
  • Engine block is rotatably mounted.
  • the electric motor is further designed as an external rotor motor.
  • the shielding effect of the rotor itself can be used to improve the electromagnetic compatibility in an advantageous manner.
  • the chemical nickel layer is formed as a nickel-phosphorus alloy layer.
  • a nickel-phosphorus alloy layer used according to the invention it is possible to provide a layer in the form of a composite which is dimensionally stable, has very good tribological properties and is capable of using its electrical conductivity
  • nickel-phosphorus alloy layer is not limited exclusively to the components nickel and phosphorus. So it can be provided, for example, that additional hard particles or dry lubricant particles are stored, so that the
  • the nickel layer comprises solid lubricant particles.
  • the incorporation of solid lubricating particles in the nickel layer can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner, a material which synergistically has the properties of the nickel matrix and at the same time the properties of the solid lubricating particle, such as a good abrasive behavior and high
  • the nickel layer for this purpose comprises PTFE particles, which can reduce the coefficient of friction and thus the closure rate for the dynamic application in the electric motor according to the invention.
  • the nickel layer 20-30 vol.% PTFE particles In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, these PTFE particles also have a particle size between 0, l-0.3pm. In this way, a nickel layer can be provided, which on the one hand in terms of
  • a particularly corrosion-resistant and at the same time hard nickel layer can be provided according to a further advantageous embodiment in that the nickel-phosphorus alloy layer has a phosphorus content of 9-13 vol. % having. In particular, a range between 10-12Vol. % Phosphorus has proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the nickel layer has a layer thickness of 5-25pm.
  • the opposing requirements for the electric motor such as the compensation of the Potential differences and the costliness of the electric motor to be optimized. It has been shown that a layer thickness range between 7pm and 15pm can both be produced inexpensively, as well as being able to provide an electrical bridge of the type in question between rotor and stator.
  • the contacting element is formed at least in two parts and has at least one support element and at least one contact element, wherein the contact element comprises the nickel layer.
  • Embodiment of the Kunststoffierettis has regarding the retrofitting of existing systems and the flexibility of manufacturing the electric motor according to the invention decisive advantages, since such a multi-part support member can be particularly easily coated outside the electric motor and then installed as a common component in the electric motor.
  • the chemical nickel plating also provides a non-rotatable, stable and cost-effective connection between the contact element and the support element.
  • Basic body which is able to provide a surface for the nickel layer.
  • a support member may be formed, for example, of a metallic material.
  • the support element is formed from a plastic, insofar as it is suitable due to its material properties to act as a base body for the coating and it is technically feasible to chemically nickel this support element under the set boundary conditions.
  • a contact element can be understood to mean such an element which, in the installed state, makes contact with rotating components of the electric motor
  • the contacting element is designed as a sealing element for the bearing, that is to say that the contacting element seals off the interior of the bearing from the environment in the direction in which the contacting element is arranged.
  • sealing element can be understood to mean, in particular, such an element, which seals the interior of the bearing substantially tightly in relation to the solids and additionally or alternatively to liquids in the environment of such an inventive
  • the contacting and additionally or alternatively, the support member is formed as an annular disc, wherein the nickel layer abradingly abuts the end face of the bearing and additionally or alternatively thereto on the lateral surface of the motor shaft.
  • a flat disc can be used in a particularly space-saving manner with optimum utilization of the available installation space.
  • the bearing is designed as a rolling bearing and having an inner ring and an outer ring, and that the contacting element is connected to the outer ring and on the inner ring movable, in particular rotatably.
  • the distance to be covered by the contacting element according to the invention can advantageously be kept low.
  • Such bearings have a plurality of electrically conductive components, which are basically suitable for compensating potential differences, due to the lubrication of these bearings, however, these are not a complete electrical line safe to comply, resulting in a combination of such a rolling bearing with a contact element according to the invention for balancing
  • the motor shaft is rotatably connected to the stator, the inner ring is rotatably connected to the motor shaft and the outer ring rests against a bearing seat, wherein the bearing seat is formed on the rotor.
  • the contacting element or the support element is formed as part of the rolling bearing.
  • the support element is designed as a cover plate of the rolling bearing. Furthermore, it is provided that this cover plate is coated with a nickel layer or chemical nickel layer such that the nickel layer abradingly abuts against rotating components. Due to the good tribological properties of
  • nickel layer friction losses can be minimized at the grinding system, at the same time, such a contacting element is advantageously able to compensate for potential differences between the rotor and stator and provide a seal of the interior of the bearing.
  • the support element is further designed as Federeiement.
  • a spring element may be, for example, an elastic beam, which contacts the motor shaft radially or axially.
  • the contact element according to the invention is particularly suitable for being used in such an electric motor which has a stator and a rotor and a motor shaft. Due to its embodiment with at least one support element and at least one contact element, which is movable, in particular rotatably applied to at least one rotating component of the electric motor and which a
  • Nickel layer in particular having a chemical nickel layer, the contacting element according to the invention in a particularly advantageous manner
  • the contacting element and additionally or alternatively also the support element is designed as an annular disc.
  • the contacting element is designed to
  • the contact element according to the invention is particularly suitable for being used in a bearing, in particular in a rolling bearing, which has a cover plate. Due to the embodiment of the bearing, in which this cover plate is formed as a support member, wherein the support member has a nickel layer which abradingly abuts a bearing surface of the bearing, the bearing according to the invention can compensate for potential differences between the rotor and stator in an advantageous manner and is in relation to the Environment formed sealed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the electric motor according to the invention in an enlarged view analogously to FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of an inventive
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of the electric motor according to the invention in accordance with a second embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of an inventive
  • FIG. 6 shows a detail of the electric motor according to the invention according to a further embodiment with a bearing according to the invention
  • Figure 7 shows a detail of the electric motor according to the invention according to a further embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an electric motor 10 embodied by way of example as an external rotor motor.
  • the electric motor can in particular as
  • Fan motor in HVAC systems or for cooling an internal combustion engine in a vehicle or for driving a fan, a gearbox, a pump or an actuator can be used.
  • the electric motor 10 has a fixed part, the stator 12 and a
  • An electric motor 10 of the type External rotor motor, as exemplified in Figure 1, is characterized in that the radially inner part is fixed during operation, while the radially outer part rotates.
  • a plurality of windings 16 is arranged on the stator 12.
  • the rotor 14 in turn has magnets 18.
  • Windings 16 are traversed by current, this generates the magnetic field of the electric motor 10.
  • Invention can also be found in an internal rotor motor application.
  • the windings 16 of electric motors are fed in operation usually with pulse width modulated signals that can cause interference.
  • the electromagnetic interference occurs here usually at the
  • the interference radiation can lead to disruption of other electronic systems and components which are arranged in the vicinity of the electric motor 10.
  • the interference radiation can lead to disruption of other electronic systems and components which are arranged in the vicinity of the electric motor 10.
  • the electric motor 10 may affect the electric motor 10 in its functionality in the reverse manner and interference from the environment.
  • the electric motor 10 according to the invention should therefore shield the windings 16 and magnets 18 as possible in all directions.
  • the rotor 14 is formed substantially cup-shaped.
  • This cup-shaped design of the rotor 14 forms a shield for the windings 16 and magnets 18, which are arranged within the cup-shaped rotor 14.
  • the pot-shaped rotor 14 has for this purpose a radially extending in the first portion 20.
  • This first portion 20 of the rotor 14 forms the bottom of the cup-shaped rotor 14.
  • the rotor 14 has a second portion 22 which is arranged on the outer edge of the rotor 14 and a, extending in the axial direction, circumferential side wall of the cup-shaped rotor 14 forms.
  • Substantially closed space which is shielded in all directions by electrically conductive surfaces.
  • the motor shaft 26 is rotatably connected to the motor carrier 24 and thus associated with the stator 12. Such a rotationally fixed connection can be provided in particular by injecting the motor shaft 26 into the motor carrier 24.
  • the motor shaft 26 has a free end 30 and a rotation axis 32 about which the rotor 14 and the stator 12 are rotatably mounted to each other. Furthermore, the
  • Motor shaft 26 extending in the axial direction, circumferential lateral surface 28.
  • the invention is not such, here
  • the motor shaft 26 is rotatably clamped in the rotor 14 and correspondingly the motor shaft 26 is associated with the rotor 14.
  • the axis of rotation 32 extends in the sense of an infinitely extending imaginary straight line in particular centrally through the motor shaft 26 and corresponds to the central axis of the motor shaft 26.
  • the pot-shaped rotor 14 For rotatable mounting of the rotor 14 relative to the stator 12 about the axis of rotation 32 points the pot-shaped rotor 14 on its side facing the motor shaft 26 on a bearing seat 36 which extends in the axial direction.
  • a bearing 38 is arranged inside the bearing seat 36 of the rotor 14.
  • the bearing 38 has two rolling bearings 40, 42, wherein both roller bearings 40, 42 sit with their respective outer ring 44 in the bearing seat 36 of the rotor 14 and with its corresponding inner ring 46 on the motor shaft 26.
  • the rotor 14 In order to prevent the rotor 14 from assuming the function of a high-frequency antenna and possibly worsening the interference problem, the rotor 14 must be contacted with a ground potential 34. For this purpose, the rotor 14 must be electrically conductively connected to the motor shaft 26, which in turn is pressed into the motor carrier 24 and thus abuts the ground potential 34. Such a coupling between the rotor 14 and the motor shaft 26 can not be provided via the roller bearings 40, 42 as a rule, since they have an oil-filled bearing gap with the result that no sufficiently stable ohmic connection can be provided ,
  • an electrically conductive contacting element 48 is disposed between the stator 12 and the rotor 14.
  • the contacting element 48 effects the reduction of potential differences between the rotor 14 and the stator 12 of the electric motor 10 and according to the invention is formed at least partially from a nickel layer 52.
  • a nickel layer 52 may be deposited both electrolytically from nickel electrolytes, but it is also conceivable that the nickel layer 52 may be formed by means of a chemical Nickel plating is applied. In the case of such a chemically deposited nickel layer 52, this is referred to as a so-called chemical nickel layer.
  • the nickel layer 52 is formed as a chemical nickel layer.
  • a chemico-nickel layer 52 has advantages in particular with regard to the uniformity of the layer thickness, as well as the corrosion resistance of the layer and the wear resistance against electrolytically produced nickel layers 52.
  • the chemico-nickel layer is an alloy layer which generally comprises nickel and phosphorus in the majority of cases, so that a nickel-phosphorus alloy layer is mentioned here.
  • nickel-boron alloy layers are generally deposited by means of so-called borates.
  • the nickel layer 52 is de-energized in one
  • the autocatalytic process is based on a redox process, which is due to the catalytic oxidation of the
  • Reducing agent on a metallic surface associated with the reduction of deposited metal ions is characterized.
  • Nickel deposition according to the invention is a wet-chemical reduction process, which is usually activated catalytically and thermally.
  • the electrolytes used for producing the chemical nickel layer 52 according to the invention in this case have nickel ions, which are reduced on the surface of the supporting body to be coated to nickel atoms. The electrons necessary for such a process become in contrast to a galvanic one
  • a layer formed as a composite material can be provided, which is dimensionally stable, has very good tribological properties and is capable of compensating potential differences between rotor 14 and stator 12 due to their electrical conductivity.
  • the nickel-phosphorus alloy layer 52 comprises PTFE particles. These PTFE particles are inventively distributed in the nickel-phosphorus matrix, so that it can be assumed here of a composite material. Since PTFE, including polytetrafluoroethylene, has a very low coefficient of friction, the incorporation of PTFE into the nickel-phosphorus alloy layer 52 can advantageously minimize wear and abrasion in the area of the rotatable abutment. There are two effects to the significant reduction in wear. On the one hand, the built-in PTFE particles prevent adhesive wear due to the low coefficient of friction, and on the other hand, abraded PTFE particles form a dry lubricating film between the friction partners.
  • Solid lubricant particles or dry lubricant particles are conceivable.
  • the incorporation of hexagonal boron nitride into the nickel-phosphorus alloy layer 52 has proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the macroscopically hexagonal particles which are in the form of platelets, are made up of stacked layers of hexagonal symmetry, which can easily slide against each other when shear forces occur.
  • known solid lubricants such as find graphite and molybdenum disulfide application.
  • perfluoroalkoxy polymers are used as solid lubricant particles, which have advantages in terms of protection against adhesive wear and the prevention of stick-slip behavior.
  • nickel-phosphorus alloy layer 52 may be incorporated in the nickel-phosphorus alloy layer 52, which may for example have a positive effect on the hardness of the alloy layer.
  • bearings 40, 42 shown in Figure 1 are shown by way of example only as a rolling bearing.
  • contacting element 48 according to the invention is used in an electric motor 10 which is mounted by means of at least one slide bearing. Due to the lubrication gap, which is filled to provide the hydrodynamic lubrication usually with oil or grease, plain bearings are in
  • the rolling bearing is shown in Figure 1 by way of example only and not to limit the invention as a ball bearing. So it is also conceivable that other basic forms of rolling bearings, such as cylindrical roller bearings, needle roller bearings or tapered roller bearings can be used. All of these rolling bearing forms is common, however, that between the inner ring 46 and an outer ring 44 rolling body the Reduce frictional resistance and they are due to the lubrication or their nature are not able to provide a sufficiently stable ohmic connection between the rotor 14 and the stator 12.
  • the outer ring 44 of the first bearing 40 is clearly fixed in the axial direction in the embodiment shown here.
  • the outer ring 44 of the first roller bearing 40 is fixed at its free end 30 of the motor shaft 26 facing side via a spacer sleeve 49.
  • the function of securing in the axial direction of the outer ring 44 on the side facing away from the free end 30 of the motor shaft 26 takes over the bearing seat 38.
  • the second bearing 42 assumes the function of a fixed bearing, that is, it is capable of unambiguously positioning the motor shaft 26 in the axial direction.
  • the second bearing 42 must be able to absorb both radial and axial forces and guide it into the surrounding construction.
  • the inner ring 46 of the second bearing 42 is fixed for this purpose on its the free end 30 of the motor shaft 26 facing side via a locking ring 50 on the motor shaft 26.
  • an inventive electric motor 10 is not limited to an axial fixation of the inner ring 46 via a locking ring 50. It can also other security elements, such as nuts or
  • the bearing assembly and securing the two rolling bearings 40, 42 as shown in Figure 1, in a variety of types and Modified or modified, without departing from the spirit.
  • the contacting element 48 is arranged on the second bearing 42.
  • the speed groove 51 assumes the function of the contacting element 48 according to the invention in addition to its supporting function.
  • the contacting element 48 may be arranged on the end face 60, facing away from the free end 30 of the motor shaft 26, of the respective roller bearings 40, 42.
  • the invention is not limited to an embodiment with only one contacting element 48.
  • a corresponding one of the two rolling bearings 40, 42 it is also possible that a corresponding one of the two rolling bearings 40, 42
  • Contacting element 48 is arranged.
  • Figure 2 shows a section of the electric motor 10 according to the invention analogous to Figure 1.
  • the motor shaft 26 is rotatably mounted in the stator 12.
  • the stator 12 For rotatably supporting the rotor 14 with respect to the stator 12 to the
  • Rotary axis 32 is formed on the rotor 14 on its side facing the motor shaft 26 a bearing seat 36. At this bearing seat 36 of the outer ring 44 of the first bearing 40 abuts. The inner ring 46 of the same bearing 40 is rotatably connected to the motor shaft 26.
  • a contacting element 48 is provided according to the invention, which is in contact with the rolling bearing 40 and, according to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2, rotatably abutting or rubbing on the end face 60 of the rolling bearing 40.
  • the end face 60 of the roller bearing 40 represents that surface which is essentially perpendicular to the imaginary axis of rotation 32.
  • the contacting element 48 abuts the end face 60 of the bearing 40 in a grinding manner
  • the contacting element 48 it is also conceivable for the contacting element 48 to abut the peripheral surface 28 of the motor shaft 26 in a rotatable or grinding manner. According to one further alternative embodiment of the invention, it may also
  • the contacting element according to the invention 48 rotatably, or abradingly abuts both on the lateral surface 28 of the motor shaft 26, and on the end face 60 of the bearing 40.
  • the contacting element 48 contacts both the outer ring 44 and the inner ring 46 of the bearing 40 in a contacting manner. It is provided according to an embodiment that the contacting element 48 is pressed in its outer region via the spacer sleeve 49 on the outer ring 44 of the bearing 40, so that the contacting element 48 is arranged substantially non-rotatably on the outer ring 44 of the bearing 40. Due to the rigidity of the contacting element 48 in the axial direction, the contacting element 48 is further pressed onto the inner ring 46 of the bearing 40.
  • the interior 58 of the bearing 40 can be sealed in an advantageous manner in the region of the contacting element 48. In this way, the leakage of lubricants from the bearing 40 and the penetration of particles into the bearing 40 can be reduced and thus the
  • the contacting element 48 is designed in two parts. According to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2, the contacting element for this purpose, a support member 54 and a
  • Abutment element 56 wherein the abutment element 56 has the nickel layer 52.
  • a support element 54 of the type in question may be a metal support element. However, it is also conceivable that the
  • Support member 54 is formed of a different material. Due to the electroless deposition in the chemical nickel plating, it is possible to coat electrically non-conductive support members 54, which are formed for example of plastic. Essential to the invention here is merely that the support member 54 has a sufficient bending stiffness and thus forms a supporting structure for contact element 56 and that the surface of the support member 54 is formed such that the chemical nickel layer 52 can be deposited without current on the support member 54. In addition to its function of providing a base body for the deposition of the nickel layer 52, it may be further provided that the support element 54 is designed such that it is able to compensate for small tolerance differences between the rotor 14 and the stator 12.
  • the nickel layer 52 preferably has a layer height 62 of 7-15 pm.
  • the contacting element 48 is pushed onto the motor shaft 26 until it rests with the abutment element 56 against the inner ring 46 of the first bearing 40.
  • the spacer sleeve 49 is pushed, which presses the outer portion of the Kunststoffieriatas 48 against the outer ring 44.
  • Essential to the invention here is that the
  • Supporting area between the outer ring 44 and the contact element 48 is designed in terms of area so large that a sufficiently stable ohmic Connection between the outer ring 44 and the contacting element 48 can be provided and that only the abutment portion 56 of the
  • FIG. 3 shows the embodiment of the contacting element 48 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 in a perspective view.
  • the layer height 62 of the chemical nickel layer 52 is set in such a way that it terminates flush with the support element 54 in the axial direction.
  • Both the contact element 56 and the support element 54 are formed according to the embodiment shown in Figure 5 as a substantially annular discs. It should be expressly mentioned at this point that it is also conceivable that the contact element 56 or the
  • Support member 54 have a different shape in that they are suitable to provide the appropriate functionalities.
  • the nickel layer 52 may according to an advantageous
  • Development of the invention be designed as a nickel-phosphorus alloy layer in which PTFE particles are incorporated.
  • the nickel layer 52 between 20 vol.% And 30 vol.% PTFE particles which are preferably between 0, lpm and 0.3pm large. Storage rates above 30% vol
  • the nickel layer 52 rotatably bears against the end face 60 of the bearing 40 or the lateral surface 28 of the motor shaft 26. Since such a nickel layer 52, in particular with the addition of certain dry lubricants can be very cost-intensive, it can be provided according to the present invention that the radial width 64 of the abutment element 56 is reduced in the radial direction, so that only on a narrow circumferential edge of the support element 54, the corresponding nickel layer 52 respectively
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of the electric motor 10 according to FIG. 2, with the only difference that the contacting element 48 is in another
  • the contacting element 48 from FIG. 4 now has a nickel layer 52 or a contact element 56 which covers the support element 56 on one side over the entire radial width 66. As can also be seen in FIG. 4, the contacting element 48 is rotatably connected to this contact surface 56 both on the end face 60 of the bearing 40 and on the lateral surface 28 of the motor shaft.
  • Embodiment of the invention according to which it is provided that the contacting element 48 abuts both the first sliding contact surface 68 and the second sliding contact surface 70, has the advantage that in case of loss of contact with one of the two sliding contact surfaces 68, 70 of the
  • Potential equalization can be done via the corresponding remaining contact.
  • a slight lifting of the contacting element 48 from the first sliding contact surface 68 can occur during operation by start-up movements or Scblini loads, so that the corresponding radial contact can maintain the function of balancing the potential differences. In this way, the reliability of the electrical bridge can be increased.
  • the sealing of the bearing interior 58 with respect to the environment due to the additional sealing surfaces can be provided with particular preference by means of such, on both sliding contact surfaces 68, 70 contacting element 48.
  • FIG. 5 shows the contacting element 48 shown in FIG.
  • the contacting element 48 has a nickel layer 52 which covers the entire width of the support element 54.
  • the abutment element 56 contacts both the inner ring 46 and the outer ring 44 in a contacting manner. Due to the low coefficient of friction of the contact element 56, it may be in such an embodiment of the invention that the
  • Spacer sleeve 49 can not provide a sufficiently large surface pressure to provide a rotationally fixed connection between the outer ring 44 and the abutment member 56 so that relative movements between abutment member 56 and the outer ring 44 may occur. However, this does not affect the compensation of potential differences or only insignificantly.
  • the contacting element 48 abrades both the first sliding contact surface 68 and the second sliding contact surface 70.
  • the contacting element according to an advantageous development has an inner diameter whose smallest dimension is greater than or equal to the largest dimension of the diameter of the motor shaft 26.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a section of an electric motor 10 according to the invention, as already shown in Figures 2 and 4, with the difference that the contacting element 48 is now formed as part of the bearing 40 itself.
  • the roller bearing 40 has a cover disk 76 on its side facing the free end 30 of the motor shaft 26.
  • This cover plate 76 forms the support element 54 for the nickel layer 52.
  • the cover plate 76 is arranged according to the embodiment shown in Figure 6 on the outer ring 44 and extends in the radial direction as far in the direction of the inner ring 46, that only a narrow gap remains between the inner ring 46 and the cover plate.
  • this cover disk 76 is coated with a nickel layer or chemical nickel layer in such a way that the nickel layer abrades the inner ring 46 of the rolling bearing 40. Due to the good tribological properties of the invention
  • Nickel layer friction losses can be minimized at the abrasive system, at the same time, however, such a contact element 48 is able to compensate for potential differences between the rotor 14 and stator 12 and a Seal the interior 56 of the bearing 40 to provide.
  • This functional integration has an advantageous effect on the number of components of such an electric motor 10 and the space required.
  • Nickel layer 52 on the, the free end 30 of the motor shaft 26 facing side of the cover plate 76 is arranged. It should be noted at this point, however, expressly that the invention is not limited to such an embodiment
  • the nickel layer 52 or the abutment element 56 surrounds the cover plate or, alternatively, can be arranged on the side facing the interior 58 of the bearing 40.
  • cover plates 76 as carrying elements 54.
  • other non-contacting seals of the bearings 40, 42 such as, for example, non-contacting sealing disks or baffle plates, may be designed as support elements 54.
  • chemical nickel layers can be deposited both on metallic base bodies and on plastic base bodies, the invention is furthermore not limited to a metallic bearing part as support element 74, so that, for example
  • Plastic sealing washers may be suitable as support elements 54 in the sense of the invention.
  • cover plate 76 this can be arranged on the, the free end 30 of the motor shaft 26 side facing away.
  • a contact plate 48 formed as cover plate 78 which has the function of the support body for the applied on the cover plate Nickel layer 52 forms, may additionally or alternatively also be arranged on the second bearing 42.
  • the shape of the cover plate 76 is not limited to the contour shown in Figure 6.
  • a plurality of cover plates are conceivable, insofar as they are suitable to provide the functionality of the support element 74 accordingly.
  • such a cover plate 76
  • sealing disc depending on the application as a single seal for the bearing 40, 42 may be provided or in addition to a further pre-seal.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to which the T ragelement 54 may be formed as a spring element 78. As can be seen in FIG. 7, the support element 54 is shown in FIG.
  • Embodiment of the invention an integral part of a Speednut 51 for axial fixation of the bearing 42 and has a trained as a bail spring element 78, which contacts the motor shaft 28 frontally. Furthermore, provision is made for the spring element 78 to have the nickel layer 52 according to the invention in the region of the contacting, so that friction losses at the abrading abutment can advantageously be reduced.
  • spring element 78 is not limited to such an embodiment shown in Figure 7.
  • one or more spring elements 78 can be arranged between the inner ring 46 and the outer ring 44 of the bearings 40, 42.
  • such a spring element 78 radially contacts the motor shaft 26 or the lateral surface 28 of the motor shaft 26.
  • Essential to the invention here is merely that on the support member 54, a corresponding contact element 56 is arranged, which has the nickel layer 52 according to the invention, and that this Nickel layer 52 corresponding to the rotating components of the
  • Electric motor 10 is arranged.
  • the configuration of the contacting element 48 and / or the insertion element 76 can be adapted to the permissible relative speeds, coefficients of friction and squeaking noises.
  • the design of the Kunststoffieriatas 48 as a one-piece or multi-part component and the type of rotationally fixed attachment of the contacting on the rolling bearing can be adapted to the permissible relative speeds, coefficients of friction and squeaking noises.
  • the electric motor 10 drives the electric motor 10 according to the invention.
  • the electric motor 10 can also be used in a pump, in particular a coolant pump, or an interior ventilation system of a vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur électrique (10), en particulier un moteur à rotor extérieur, comprenant un rotor (14), un stator (12) et un arbre de moteur (26), l'arbre de moteur (26) étant associé au stator (12) ou au rotor (14) et présentant un axe de rotation (32) autour duquel le rotor (14) et le stator (12) sont montés rotatifs l'un vis-à-vis de l'autre au moyen d'au moins un palier (40, 42), l'arbre de moteur (26) présentant une surface externe (28) et un élément d'établissement de contact (48) étant disposé entre le rotor (14) et le stator (12), lequel élément est en contact avec ledit au moins un palier (40, 42) et est en appui sur la surface externe (28) de l'arbre de moteur (26) et/ou une surface d'appui du palier (40, 42) de manière mobile, en particulier rotative, par rapport à celles-ci. Selon l'invention, l'élément d'établissement de contact (48) est constitué au moins en partie d'une couche de nickel (52), en particulier d'une couche de nickel d'origine chimique.
PCT/EP2018/083044 2017-12-08 2018-11-29 Moteur électrique WO2019110425A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017222289.1 2017-12-08
DE102017222289.1A DE102017222289A1 (de) 2017-12-08 2017-12-08 Elektromotor

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WO2019110425A1 true WO2019110425A1 (fr) 2019-06-13

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US20240120814A1 (en) * 2022-10-05 2024-04-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Reducing electric discharge machining currents in electric motors

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JPH05163582A (ja) * 1991-12-12 1993-06-29 C Uyemura & Co Ltd 表面処理方法
US5812908A (en) * 1997-03-25 1998-09-22 Xerox Corporation Carbon fiber electrical contact mounting for rotating elements
JP2002146568A (ja) * 2000-11-06 2002-05-22 Tsurumi Mfg Co Ltd 水中回転機械の電食防止装置
US20030030340A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-13 Victor Company Of Japan, Limited Method of spindle motor for hard disk drive
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WO2023143656A1 (fr) * 2022-01-26 2023-08-03 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Machine tournante électrique, système d'entraînement électrique et unité de moteur à engrenages

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