WO2019105266A1 - 用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统 - Google Patents

用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019105266A1
WO2019105266A1 PCT/CN2018/116696 CN2018116696W WO2019105266A1 WO 2019105266 A1 WO2019105266 A1 WO 2019105266A1 CN 2018116696 W CN2018116696 W CN 2018116696W WO 2019105266 A1 WO2019105266 A1 WO 2019105266A1
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Prior art keywords
air
filter
air inlet
flow
fluid
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PCT/CN2018/116696
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨强
沈国忠
杨汉卿
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中车（天津）轨道交通设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2019105266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105266A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0039—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with flow guiding by feed or discharge devices
    • B01D46/0041—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with flow guiding by feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/20—Shape of filtering material
    • B01D2275/206—Special forms, e.g. adapted to a certain housing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of blasting of rail transit vehicles and road traffic vehicles during operation, and particularly relates to an automatic blast air filter system for air inlets of transportation tools.
  • rail transit vehicles mainly include diesel locomotives, electric locomotives, EMUs, high-speed rails, van wagons, light rails, subways and other transportation carriers.
  • Highway transportation vehicles are mainly automobiles. Their normal operation requires the inhalation of large amounts of air to meet the needs of combustion, electronic and mechanical components of the internal combustion engine, as well as cooling of facilities such as air conditioners.
  • the filter If the filter is clogged, it can be controlled by cleaning and replacement; then the negative pressure problem is accompanied by shadow; this is also a difficult situation that cannot be solved for many years.
  • the invention provides a method for solving the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a reverse air flow generated by the transportation tool without using an additional wind energy device, and blasts by itself; and the structure is simple, no maintenance, convenient installation and use, and blast filter An automatic blast air filter system with good gas effect for the air inlet of the vehicle.
  • An automatic blast air filter system for an air inlet of a transportation tool comprising a filter air frame on a dust removal port of a rail transportation vehicle, characterized in that: one side of the filter gas frame is provided with a filter air inlet, and the air filter The other side of the frame is a filter air outlet, and an intermediate fluid guide is arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet; the air flow guiding surface is respectively arranged on both sides of the middle guiding flow, and the two air guiding surfaces are respectively The lower end is connected to the main air channel guiding surface; the intermediate guiding body is provided with an external guiding angle and an external guiding surface;
  • a plurality of fluid guides are installed in the filter air inlet or the air outlet of the filter air in a lateral direction, and the fluid guide is a blade-type fluid guide of a curved structure, and the upper surface of the fluid guide is a flow surface from top to bottom. a drainage surface and an accelerated flow guiding surface; the lower surface of the fluid guiding body is an air inlet guiding surface and a main air channel guiding surface from top to bottom; a gap is provided between the plurality of guiding bodies, two adjacent Forming an air inlet passage or an air outlet passage between the guide fluids; a main air passage is formed between the lower end of the fluid guide and the filter screen;
  • a filter net is installed in the filter airbag frame along the length of the main air duct; the filter net extends from the air filter air inlet to the filter air outlet; the filter net is a wave filter net, and the filter net includes a wave body.
  • the side surface of the corrugated body is provided with a tenon along the peak to the trough direction, and a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged between the adjacent tenons along the peak to the trough direction to form a gas between two adjacent tenons. Clean space.
  • the present invention can also adopt the following technical measures:
  • the top of the fluid guide is in an airfoil configuration.
  • the air inlet hole has a circular hole structure.
  • the upper end portion of the fluid guide is gradually increased toward the intermediate flow.
  • the upper end portions of the fluid guiding bodies are located on the same plane; and are located on the same plane as the upper end portions of the air inlet guiding surfaces at both ends of the intermediate conducting fluid.
  • the cross section of the tenon has a triangular structure, and a circular arc transitions at a vertex angle of the triangular tenon.
  • the upper portion of the intermediate flow guide is symmetrically provided with an outer flow guiding surface.
  • Both ends of the filter gas frame are provided with end fluid guides.
  • a dust collecting groove is arranged on the trough of the corrugated filter; the dust collecting inlet of the dust collecting groove is provided with a dust collecting reflecting surface.
  • the invention has the advantages and positive effects that the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and utilizes the reverse airflow generated by the transportation tool during operation to automatically eliminate the opportunity for the floating object to enter the air inlet, and the floating object is discharged back to the atmosphere along with the air flow.
  • the clean air in the airflow enters the air inlet to realize automatic blasting and dust removal. Since the dust collector does not adhere to the floating objects and does not block, the performance is stable and reliable, the dust removal efficiency is high, and the effect is good; the vehicle inlet is completely solved.
  • the problem of negative pressure air intake is that the negative pressure is positive pressure, which greatly reduces the load of the intake fan and makes the intake air sufficient.
  • the positive pressure value is proportional to the speed of the vehicle, that is, proportional to the amount of incoming air;
  • the conventional filtering method must have resistance and cannot be overcome; and the technology not only does not generate resistance, but also can blow air into the intake port according to the demand of the intake air amount;
  • the convection circulation of air and atmosphere in the equipment cabin can be realized through the overall design of the filter net, thereby greatly reducing the ambient temperature in the equipment cabin and effectively improving the heat dissipation condition;
  • the innovation of dust removal concept and practice utilizes the powerful reverse airflow generated by the operation of high-speed trains.
  • the floats, sand, dust and other floating objects are separated from the intake airflow and then discharged back to the atmosphere.
  • the device has strong self-cleaning ability, floating objects will not accumulate in the device, long-term use, and no blockage, real maintenance-free.
  • the above technical solution is applicable not only to dusty weather, poplar, catkins and the like in actual use, but also to extreme weather such as rain, snow, fog, smog and frost.
  • the automatic snow removal and defrosting function is realized by the strong airflow in the main passage due to the addition of the hydrophobic coating on the surface of the filter screen and the fluid guide to minimize the adhesion of the surface of the filter.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, long service life, convenient production, installation and use.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the intermediate flow guiding body of Figure 2;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the intermediate flow guiding structure with an external flow guiding surface
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fluid guiding body of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion I of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a filter screen with a dust collecting groove
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • filter gas frame 1-1, filter air inlet; 1-10, air inlet channel; 1-20, air outlet channel; 1-2, filter air outlet; 2, intermediate fluid guide; -1, intermediate air inlet diversion surface; 2-2, main air channel diversion surface; 2-3, external diversion surface; 3, fluid guiding; 3-1, flow surface; 3-2, drainage surface; 3-3, accelerated diversion surface; 3-4, air inlet diversion surface; 3-5, main air channel diversion surface; 4, main air duct; 5, filter net; 5-1, waveform body; 5- 2, convex; 5-20, dust reflecting surface; 5-3, air inlet; 5-4, gas clean space; 5-5, dust collecting trough; 5-50, dust collecting reflective surface.
  • Embodiment 1 please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, FIG. 3 to FIG. 7, an automatic blast air filter system for a vehicle air inlet, comprising a filter air frame 1 installed on a dust removal port of a rail vehicle, the filter One side of the gas frame is provided with a filter air inlet 1-1, the other side of the filter gas frame is a filter air outlet 1-2, and an intermediate fluid guide 2 is disposed between the filter air inlet and the outlet;
  • the two sides of the diversion are respectively provided with an intermediate air inlet diversion surface 2-1, and the lower ends of the two intermediate air inlet diversion surfaces are connected to the main air channel diversion surface 2-2; in order to ensure double-sided air intake of the device, the middle
  • the pilot fluid is provided with two intermediate air inlet diversion surfaces; in order to turn the back air outlet into an air outlet, the floating object is smoothly discharged, the external air guiding angle and the external air guiding surface are set, and a negative pressure is generated at the back air outlet.
  • a plurality of fluid guides 3 are mounted in the lateral direction of the filter air inlet 1-1 or the filter air outlet 1-2, and the fluid guide is a blade-shaped guide fluid of a curved structure, and the upper surface of the fluid guide is from the upper surface
  • the bottom to the bottom is the flow surface 3-1, the drainage surface 3-2 and the accelerated flow guiding surface 3-3;
  • the lower surface of the fluid guiding body is, from top to bottom, an air inlet guiding surface 3-4 and a main air channel guiding surface 3-5; a gap is provided between the plurality of guiding fluids, and two adjacent fluid guiding bodies are provided.
  • An air inlet passage 1-10 or an air outlet passage 1-20 is formed; a lower end portion of the guide fluid forms a main air passage 4; an angle between the air inlet passage or the air outlet passage and the main air passage is less than 45°.
  • the shape of the inlet passage formed by the guide surface of the vane-type fluid guide and the accelerating guide surface of the adjacent vane-type guide fluid may be different; the flow velocity of the external airflow is proportional to the flow velocity of the airflow entering the main air passage. It can be divided into three types: pressurization, decompression and isostatic; in shape, it can be divided into three types: positive bell mouth, inverted bell mouth and parallel port.
  • the above-mentioned flow surface gives a certain amount of oncoming resistance to the external airflow, so that the running speed is appropriately accelerated and the pressure is reduced;
  • the above-mentioned drainage surface is at a small angle with the external airflow, generally less than 35 degrees, and 7-9 degrees is appropriate; but considering the influence of the active suction of the inlet fan, the angle can be appropriately increased; but the principle is that the intake air There is no separation between the external airflow and the drainage surface, and the external airflow is introduced to the intake passage to the utmost extent.
  • the acceleration guide surface cooperates with the geometric position of the inlet guide surface of the adjacent vane type guide fluid to form an intake passage; and through the adjustment of the angle, the shape, and the relationship between the acceleration guide surface and the acceleration guide surface,
  • the purpose of adjusting the proportional relationship between the flow rate of the external airflow and the flow rate of the airflow into the main air passage is achieved; at the same time, the angle of the intake airflow into the main air passage is adjusted, thereby distributing the proportional relationship between the airflow in the direction of the main air passage and the airflow in the air inlet direction.
  • the air inlet diversion surface, the geometrical position of the air guiding surface and the accelerating air guiding surface of the adjacent vane type guiding body form an intake passage; and the angle, the shape, and the accelerating diversion surface are relatively related
  • the design achieves the purpose of adjusting the proportional relationship between the flow rate of the external airflow and the flow velocity of the air entering the main air duct; at the same time, adjusting the angle of the intake airflow into the main air passage, thereby distributing the proportional relationship between the airflow in the direction of the main air passage and the airflow in the air inlet direction. It is equivalent to the working surface of the fan blade, through which the external airflow is cut, and the external airflow is forcibly introduced into the main air passage.
  • the main air channel diversion surface and the peak wave convex filter network form a main air passage; the purpose of regulating the air flow of the main air passage is to ensure that the floating object in the air flow direction is not disordered and smoothly discharged to the atmosphere.
  • a filter net 5 is installed in the filter airbag frame along the length of the main air duct; the filter net extends from the air inlet of the filter air to the air outlet of the filter air; in order to increase the number of the air inlet holes, the cross-sectional area of the air inlet is increased.
  • the filter is a wave filter, and the filter 5 includes a waveform body 5-1.
  • the side of the waveform body is provided with a tenon 5-2 along the peak to the valley direction, and the edge between the adjacent tenons
  • a plurality of intake holes 5-3 are provided in the direction from the crest to the trough, and a gas clean space 5-4 is formed between the two adjacent tenons.
  • the top of the fluid guiding body has an airfoil structure; the surface airflow is given a certain amount of oncoming resistance, so that the running speed is appropriately accelerated and the pressure is reduced.
  • the air inlet hole is a small circular hole, which ensures a large floating object and cannot enter the air inlet.
  • the air inlet hole has a circular hole structure, and the air inlet hole can be provided between adjacent convex ridges. Multiple rows.
  • the upper end portions of the fluid guiding bodies are located on the same plane; and the upper end portions of the air inlet guiding surfaces at both ends of the intermediate conducting fluid are located on the same plane.
  • the cross section of the tenon has a triangular structure, and the arc is transitioned at a vertex angle of the triangular tenon; the two sides of the upper part of the tenon are dust reflecting surfaces 5-20, and the inclined angle of the reflecting surface is 30-60°.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the tenon may also be a pentagonal structure; when the floating object is close to the air inlet hole, the impact is ejected on the small-angle inclined surface, and the air intake hole is quickly avoided to create a clean air layer for the air inlet hole. To ensure the clean air intake.
  • a dust collecting groove 5-5 is disposed on the trough of the corrugated filter; and the dust collecting inlet of the dust collecting groove is provided with a 45° dust collecting reflecting surface 5-50.
  • the dust collecting trough is located at the bottom of the peak wave filter, and is composed of two symmetrical dust collecting reflecting surfaces; when the external airflow enters the main air passage from the fluid guiding air inlet at an angle, the relatively light floating object in which the airflow is wrapped is The catkins will be discharged along the main air passage; however, relatively heavy particles such as sand will bottom out due to the large inertia; then the particles will not be ejected into the air intake due to the slope of the dust collecting groove. Instead, it is discharged back to the atmosphere in the direction of the dust collecting trough.
  • the upper end portion of the fluid guiding body is gradually increased toward the intermediate conductive body.
  • the upper portion of the intermediate conducting fluid is symmetrically provided with the outer guiding surface 2-3.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 3 Referring to FIG. 10, both ends of the filter gas frame are provided with an end fluid guide 6.
  • the shape and angle of the end fluid are different; the shape can be flat or curved; the angle formed by the extension of the device is determined by the flow velocity of the external airflow; the principle is to ensure that the outside world is as much as possible.
  • the airflow is introduced into the air inlet of the device, and at the same time, the separation of the airflow from the drainage surface is reduced, and the generation of vortices is reduced.
  • the surface of the device is coated with a super nano hydrophobic coating. This coating greatly reduces the adhesion of the air passage surface; when the high-speed train is running under heavy snow conditions, the snow cannot adhere to the surface in the air passage and is quickly discharged back to the atmosphere. Therefore, in the snowy weather, the snow will not accumulate in the dust collector and blockage, ensuring the normal operation of the train.
  • the reverse airflow generated by the transportation tool during operation automatically eliminates the opportunity for the floating object to enter the air inlet, and the floating object is discharged back to the atmosphere along with the airflow, and the clean air in the airflow enters the air inlet to realize automatic Dust removal, because the dust collector does not adhere to floating objects and will not block, so the performance is stable and reliable, the dust removal efficiency is high, and the effect is good;
  • the problem of negative pressure intake of the intake port of the transportation tool is completely solved, and the negative pressure is positive pressure.
  • the load of the intake fan is greatly reduced, so that the intake air is sufficient.
  • the positive pressure value is proportional to the speed of the vehicle, that is, proportional to the amount of incoming air;
  • the conventional filtering method must have resistance and cannot be overcome; and the present technology not only does not generate resistance, but also can blow air into the intake port according to the demand of the intake air amount;
  • the convection circulation of air and atmosphere in the equipment cabin can be realized through the overall design of the filter net, thereby greatly reducing the ambient temperature in the equipment cabin and effectively improving the heat dissipation condition;
  • the innovation of dust removal concept and practice utilizes the powerful reverse airflow generated by the operation of high-speed trains.
  • the floats, sand, dust and other floating objects are separated from the intake airflow and then discharged back to the atmosphere.
  • the device has strong self-cleaning ability, floating objects will not accumulate in the device, long-term use, and no blockage, real maintenance-free.
  • the above technical solution is applicable not only to dusty weather, poplar, catkins and the like in actual use, but also to extreme weather such as rain, snow, fog, smog and frost. Due to the addition of hydrophobic coating on the surface of the filter screen and the fluid guide, the adhesion of the surface of the filter screen is minimized, and the automatic snow removal and defrosting function is realized under the action of strong airflow in the main passage.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, long service life, convenient production, installation and use.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，包括安装运输工具在进风口上的滤气边框（1），滤气边框（1）的一侧设有滤气进风口（1-1），滤气边框（1）的另一侧为滤气出风口（1-2），滤气进风口（1-1）和滤气出风口（1-2）之间设置中间导流体（2）；中间导流体（2）的两侧分别设有进风导流面（2-1），两个进风导流面（2-1）的下端连接主风道导流面（2-2）；中间导流体（2）上设置了外界导流角和外界导流面（2-3）；滤气进风口（1-1）或滤气出风口（1-2）内沿横向方向安装有数个导流体（3），导流体（3）为曲面结构的叶片式导流体，数个导流体（3）之间设有间隙，两个相邻的导流体（3）之间形成进风通道（1-10）或出风通道（1-20）；导流体（3）的下端与过滤网（5）之间形成主风道（4）；滤气边框（1）内沿主风道（4）长度方向安装有过滤网（5）。

Description

用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统 技术领域
本发明属于轨道交通运输工具、公路交通运输工具在运行过程中鼓风的技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统。
背景技术
在当今社会中，轨道运输工具主要包括内燃机车、电力机车、动车组、高铁、客货车车箱、轻轨、地铁等交通运输载体，公路交通运输工具主要是汽车。它们的正常运行都需要吸入大量的空气，以满足内燃机的燃烧、电子、机械部件的散热，以及空调等设施的冷却等需求。随着大量空气的吸入，空气中存在着大量的沙尘、柳絮、植物叶片、纸屑、塑料等漂浮物，被大量吸附在各种进气道的防尘装置上，而逐渐堵塞；随着进气量的减少，导致内燃机供气不足，电气设备、空调等散热效果差，严重影响交通运输工具的正常运转。
以高铁动车组为例，说明上述问题。由于一些高铁动车组的各类进气口都在裙板上，位置低；列车运行时，车底卷起大量的灰尘、柳絮、枯叶等漂浮物，在进气道通风机吸力的作用下，除较大漂浮物如树叶、庄稼叶等被过滤在裙板滤网以外，进气空气中几乎百分之百的沙尘和柳絮等漂浮物被吸入设备舱内。随着树叶、庄稼叶等物的堆积，裙板滤网逐渐堵塞。而进入列车内的沙尘和柳絮等物，又会将散热器外端密度较大的纤维层过滤器堵塞，影响进气。据调研，特别是到春夏季，高铁动车组每次回到动车所时都要检查清扫裙板滤网；检查更换空调、变压器、变流器的散热器防尘装置；大量消耗铁路的人力、物力、财力；同时，由于上述作业都要多层、高空、重叠作业，多部门配合，昼夜全天候进行，所以，给铁路系统职工的人身安全带来很大隐患。但因为种种原因还时常造成因散热不良，牵引设备无法正常工作而途中停车，打乱铁路正常运输秩序。
这是高铁动车组多年以来的痛处和顽症，至今无法解决。
除过滤器堵塞外，影响列车进气的另一顽症是列车高速运行时在裙板进气口产生强大的与进气方向相反的气压——负压。
通过天津工业大学机械工程学院课题组利用Fluent流体仿真软件进行的流体力学模拟实验显示，当列车以每小时近300公里的速度运行时，裙板进气口处会产生每秒80米左右的反向气流，同时，产生平均—357pa负压，大大增加了进气风机工作的负荷，造成进气困难。 并且，列车运行的速度越快，需要的进风量越多，产生的负压越大；负压与列车运行速度成正比。
如果说过滤器堵塞，通过清洗、更换人为可控；那么负压问题如影随行；这也是多年来无法解决的困局。
上述问题是各种轨道运输工具和公路交通运输工具共有的问题，不过各有不同罢了。
存在这个问题的主要原因，就是现有的进气道过滤除尘装置大多是采用被动除尘方式，利用滤网、无纺棉、棕网、过滤纸等过滤器吸附空气中的沙尘、柳絮、植物枯叶等漂浮物；但是，只要是利用过滤器过滤吸附漂浮物，过滤器上随着漂浮物的逐渐增多，必然堵塞，导致进气量减少，这是传统被动除尘方式无法克服的顽症。因此，研发一种利用上述运输工具在运行时产生的反向气流，自动消除漂浮物进入进气道的机会，漂浮物随着气流再排回大气，气流中清洁的空气进入进气道，由于这种除尘器不附着漂浮物而不会堵塞，并因特殊结构设计实现正压进风的自动鼓风滤气装置，十分必要。
发明内容
本发明为解决公知技术中存在的技术问题而提供一种无需增设风能设备，利用运输工具运行时自身产生的反向气流，自行鼓风；且结构简单、无需维护、安装使用方便、鼓风滤气效果好的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统。
本发明为解决公知技术中存在的技术问题所采取的技术方案是：
一种用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，包括安装轨道运输工具除尘口上的滤气边框，其特征在于：所述滤气边框上的一侧设有滤气进风口，滤气边框的另一侧为滤气出风口，滤气进风口和出风口之间设置中间导流体；所述中间导流的两侧分别设有进风导流面，两个进风导流面的下端连接主风道导流面；所述中间导流体上设置了外界导流角和外界导流面；
所述滤气进风口或滤气出风口内沿横向方向安装有数个导流体，所述导流体为曲面结构的叶片式导流体，所述导流体的上表面从上至下依次为绕流面、引流面和加速导流面；所述导流体的下表面从上至下依次为进风导流面和主风道导流面；上述数个导流体之间设有间隙，两个相邻的导流体之间形成进风通道或出风通道；所述导流体的下端与滤网之间形成主风道；
所述滤气边框内沿主风道长度方向安装有过滤网；所述过滤网自滤气进风口延伸至滤气出风口；所述过滤网为波形过滤网，所述过滤网包括波形本体，所述波形本体的侧面上沿波峰至波谷方向间隔设有凸楞，在相邻的凸楞之间沿波峰至波谷方向设有数个进气孔，在两个相邻的凸楞之间形成气体洁净空间。
本发明还可以采用如下技术措施：
所述导流体的顶部呈翼型结构。
所述进气孔为圆孔结构。
所述导流体的上端部向中间导流体逐级递增。
所述导流体的上端部位于同一平面上；且与中间导流体两端的进风导流面的上端部位于同一平面上。
所述凸楞的截面成三角形结构，在三角形凸楞的顶角圆弧过渡。
所述中间导流体的上部对称设有外部导流面。
所述滤气边框的两端设置有端部引流体。
在波形过滤网的波谷上设有集尘槽；所述集尘槽的集尘入口设有集尘反射面。
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是：本发明采用上述技术方案，利用运输工具在运行时产生的反向气流，自动消除漂浮物进入进气道的机会，漂浮物随着气流再排回大气，气流中清洁的空气进入进气道，实现自动鼓风除尘，由于这种除尘器不附着漂浮物而不会堵塞，所以性能稳定、可靠，除尘效率高，效果好；彻底解决运输工具进气道负压进气的难题，变负压为正压，大大降低了进气风机的负荷，使得进气充足。并且，正压值与运输工具速度成正比，也就是与进风需求量成正比；
采用上述技术方案解决了传统过滤器负压进风的顽症，实现按需求正压进风；不仅减小了进风风机的负荷，而且还增大了进风量，确保设备良好散热及通风的需求；
采用上述技术方案，传统过滤方式必然存在阻力，无法克服；而本技术不但不产生阻力，而且能按进气量的需求，向进气道内鼓风；
采用上述技术方案，通过过滤网的整体设计可以实现设备舱内的空气与大气的对流循环，从而大大降低设备舱内的环境温度，有效改善散热条件；
采用上述技术方案，对除尘理念和实践的创新，利用高铁动车组运行时产生的强大的反向气流，絮、沙、尘等漂浮物自行与进气气流分离后，又排回大气。
本装置自洁能力强，漂浮物不会在装置内堆积，长期使用，也不堵塞，实现真正的免维护。
采用上述技术方案，在实际使用时，无需维护保养，一次安装，终生使用；不产生清洗、更换等次生劳动和成本，省时、省力、省钱。
采用上述技术方案，在实际使用时，不仅适用于沙尘天气、杨絮、柳絮等季节，而且还适用于雨、雪、雾、霾、霜等极端天气。由于在滤网及导流体表面增加憎水涂层，最大限度 的降低滤网表面的粘附力，在主通道内强大气流的作用下，实现自动除雪除霜功能。
另外，本发明还具有结构简单，成本低廉，使用寿命长；便于生产、安装和使用。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1结构示意图；
图2是图2中的中间导流体结构示意图；
图3是带有外部导流面的中间导流体结构示意图；
图4是图2中导流体结构示意图；
图5是图1中I部放大图；
图6是图5中A-A剖视图；
图7是过滤网截面结构示意图；
图8是带有集尘槽的过滤网结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例2结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例3结构示意图。
图中：1、滤气边框；1-1、滤气进风口；1-10、进风通道；1-20、出风通道；1-2、滤气出风口；2、中间导流体；2-1、中间进风导流面；2-2、主风道导流面；2-3、外部导流面；3、导流体；3-1、绕流面；3-2、引流面；3-3、加速导流面；3-4、进风导流面；3-5、主风道导流面；4、主风道；5、过滤网；5-1、波形本体；5-2、凸楞；5-20、尘埃反射面；5-3、进气孔；5-4、气体洁净空间；5-5、集尘槽；5-50、集尘反射面。
具体实施方式
为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及功效，兹例举以下实施例，并配合附图详细说明如下：
实施例1，请参阅图1至图2、图3至图7，一种用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，包括安装轨道运输工具除尘口上的滤气边框1，所述滤气边框上的一侧设有滤气进风口1-1，滤气边框的另一侧为滤气出风口1-2，滤气进风口和出风口之间设置中间导流体2；所述中间导流的两侧分别设有中间进风导流面2-1，两个中间进风导流面的下端连接主风道导流面2-2；为了确保装置的双面进风，这个中间导流体设置了两个中间进风导流面；为了将背向风口变成出风口，让漂浮物顺畅排出，设置了外界导流角和外界导流面，在背向风口处产生负压。
所述滤气进风口1-1或滤气出风口1-2内沿横向方向安装有数个导流体3，所述导流体为曲面结构的叶片式导流体，所述导流体的上表面从上至下依次为绕流面3-1、引流面3-2和加 速导流面3-3；
所述导流体的下表面从上至下依次为进风导流面3-4和主风道导流面3-5；上述数个导流体之间设有间隙，两个相邻的导流体之间形成进风通道1-10或出风通道1-20；所述导流体的下端部形成主风道4；进风通道或出风通道与主风道的夹角为小于45°。根据技术环境的不同，叶片式导流体的导流面与相邻叶片式导流体的加速导流面形成的进气通道形状会有所不同；外界气流流速与进入主通风道气流流速比例关系，可以分为加压、减压和等压三种；在形状上可以分为正喇叭口、倒喇叭口和平行口三种。
上述的绕流面，给予外界气流一定的迎面阻力，使其运行速度适当加快，压力减小；
上述的引流面，与外界气流呈小角度，一般要小于35度，7-9度为宜；但考虑进气道风机的主动吸风的影响，角度可以适当加大；但原则是进气时外界气流与引流面不会出现分离，最大限度的将外界气流引入进气道。
上述的加速导流面，加速导流面与相邻叶片式导流体的进风导流面的几何位置的配合，形成进气通道；通过其角度、形状、与加速导流面关系的调整，达到调整外界气流流速与进入主通风道气流流速比例关系的目的；同时调整进气气流进入主通风道的角度，从而分配主通风道方向气流与进气道方向气流的比例关系。
上述的进风导流面，这个进风导流面与相邻叶片式导流体的加速导流面的几何位置的配合，形成进气通道；通过其角度、形状、与加速导流面相对关系的设计，达到调整外界气流流速与进入主通风道气流流速比例关系的目的；同时调整进气气流进入主通风道的角度，从而分配主通风道方向气流与进气道方向气流的比例关系。相当于风扇扇叶的工作面，通过这个面切割外界气流，将外界气流强行导入主通风道。
上述的主风道导流面，与峰波凸楞过滤网之间形成主通风道；起到规整主通风道气流的目的，确保气流中的漂浮物运行方向不紊乱，顺畅排回大气。
所述滤气边框内沿主风道长度方向安装有过滤网5；所述过滤网自滤气进风口延伸至滤气出风口；为了增加进气孔的个数，增加进风截面积，所述过滤网为波形过滤网，所述过滤网5包括波形本体5-1，所述波形本体的侧面上沿波峰至波谷方向间隔设有凸楞5-2，在相邻的凸楞之间沿波峰至波谷方向设有数个进气孔5-3，在两个相邻的凸楞之间形成气体洁净空间5-4。
优选的，所述导流体的顶部呈翼型结构；给予外界气流一定的迎面阻力，使其运行速度适当加快，压力减小。
优选的，进气孔为小型的圆孔，确保较大的漂浮物，不能进入进气道，所述进气孔为圆 孔结构，而且进气孔可以在相邻的凸楞之间设有多排。
优选的，所述导流体的上端部位于同一平面上；且与中间导流体两端的进风导流面的上端部位于同一平面上。
优选的，所述凸楞的截面成三角形结构，在三角形凸楞的顶角圆弧过渡；凸楞上部的两侧面为尘埃反射面5-20，所述反射面的的倾角为30～60°；所述凸楞的截面形状也可以为五边形结构；当漂浮物贴近进气孔前，撞击在小角度斜面上发生弹射，急速避开进气孔，为进气孔创造了洁净空气层，确保了进气的清洁。
优选的，请参阅图8，在波形过滤网的波谷上设有集尘槽5-5；所述集尘槽的集尘入口设有45°集尘反射面5-50。集尘槽位于峰波过滤网的底部，由对称的两个集尘反射面组成；当外界气流以一定角度从导流体进气口进入主通风道时，其中气流裹挟的比较轻的漂浮物比如柳絮，会顺着主通风道前行排出；但比较重的颗粒物比如沙粒等，由于惯性较大会触底；这时颗粒物在集尘槽斜面的作用下，颗粒物不会被弹射到进气孔处，而是顺着集尘槽方向排回大气。
实施例2，请参阅图3和图9，所述导流体的上端部向中间导流体逐级递增，本实施例中，所述中间导流体的上部对称设有外部导流面2-3。其余结构与实施例1相同。
实施例3，请参阅图10，所述滤气边框的两端设置有端部引流体6。按照技术环境的不同，端部引流体的外形、角度有所不同；外形可以是平面，也可以是曲面；与装置外延形成的角度由外界气流的流速决定；原则是确保尽可能多的将外界气流引入装置的进风口，同时减少气流与引流面的分离，减少漩涡的产生。
在本装置的表面涂有超级纳米疏水涂层。这种涂层大大降低气流通道表面的粘附力；当高铁动车组在大雪天气条件下运行时，雪花不能与通风道内的表面粘合，而迅速排回大气。所以，在下雪天气时，雪花不会在除尘器内堆积而发生堵塞，确保列车正常运行。
采用上述技术方案，利用运输工具在运行时产生的反向气流，自动消除漂浮物进入进气道的机会，漂浮物随着气流再排回大气，气流中清洁的空气进入进气道，实现自动除尘，由于这种除尘器不附着漂浮物而不会堵塞，所以性能稳定、可靠，除尘效率高，效果好；彻底解决运输工具进气道负压进气的难题，变负压为正压，大大降低了进气风机的负荷，使得进气充足。并且，正压值与运输工具速度成正比，也就是与进风需求量成正比；
采用上述技术方案解决了传统过滤器负压进风的顽症，实现按需求正压进风；不仅减小了进风风机的负荷，而且还增大了进风量，确保设备良好散热及通风的需求；
采用上述技术方案，传统过滤方式必然存在阻力，无法克服；而本技术不但不产生阻力， 而且能按进气量的需求，向进气道内鼓风；
采用上述技术方案，通过过滤网的整体设计可以实现设备舱内的空气与大气的对流循环，从而大大降低设备舱内的环境温度，有效改善散热条件；
采用上述技术方案，对除尘理念和实践的创新，利用高铁动车组运行时产生的强大的反向气流，絮、沙、尘等漂浮物自行与进气气流分离后，又排回大气。
本装置自洁能力强，漂浮物不会在装置内堆积，长期使用，也不堵塞，实现真正的免维护。
采用上述技术方案，在实际使用时，无需维护保养，一次安装，终生使用；不产生清洗、更换等次生劳动和成本，省时、省力、省钱。
采用上述技术方案，在实际使用时，不仅适用于沙尘天气、杨絮、柳絮等季节，而且还适用于雨、雪、雾、霾、霜等极端天气。由于在滤网及导流体表面增加憎水涂层，最大限度的降低滤网表面的粘附力，在主通道内强大气流的作用下，实现自动除雪除霜功能。
另外，本发明还具有结构简单，成本低廉，使用寿命长；便于生产、安装和使用。
以上所述仅是对本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改，等同变化与修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，包括安装运输工具在进风口上的滤气边框，其特征在于：所述滤气边框上的一侧设有滤气进风口，滤气边框的另一侧为滤气出风口，滤气进风口和滤气出风口之间设置中间导流体；所述中间导流的两侧分别设有进风导流面，两个进风导流面的下端连接主风道导流面；所述中间导流体上设置了外界导流角和外界导流面；
    所述滤气进风口或滤气出风口内沿横向方向安装有数个导流体，所述导流体为曲面结构的叶片式导流体，所述导流体的上表面从上至下依次为绕流面、引流面和加速导流面；所述导流体的下表面从上至下依次为进风导流面和主风道导流面；上述数个导流体之间设有间隙，两个相邻的导流体之间形成进风通道或出风通道；所述导流体的下端与滤网之间形成主风道；
    所述滤气边框内沿主风道长度方向安装有过滤网；所述过滤网自滤气进风口延伸至滤气出风口；所述过滤网为波形过滤网，所述过滤网包括波形本体，所述波形本体的侧面上沿波峰至波谷方向间隔设有凸楞，在相邻的凸楞之间沿波峰至波谷方向设有数个进气孔，进气孔与运输工具进风口连通，在两个相邻的凸楞之间形成气体洁净空间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述导流体的顶部呈翼型结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述在相邻的凸楞之间沿波峰至波谷方向至少设有一排进气孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述导流体的上端部向中间导流体逐级递增。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述导流体的上端部位于同一平面上，且与中间导流体两端的进风导流面的上端部位于同一平面上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述凸楞的截面成三角形结构，在三角形凸楞的顶角圆弧过渡，凸楞上部的两侧面为尘埃反射面，所述反射面的的倾角为30～60°。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述中间导流体的上部对称设有外部导流面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述 滤气边框的两端设置有端部引流体。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：在波形过滤网的波谷上设有集尘槽；所述集尘槽的集尘入口设有集尘反射面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统，其特征在于：所述滤气边框、中间导流体、过滤网、叶片式导流体的表面涂覆有超级纳米疏水涂层。
PCT/CN2018/116696 2017-11-30 2018-11-21 用于运输工具进风口的自动鼓风滤气系统 WO2019105266A1 (zh)

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