WO2019105027A1 - 一种可生物降解聚酯组合物 - Google Patents

一种可生物降解聚酯组合物 Download PDF

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WO2019105027A1
WO2019105027A1 PCT/CN2018/092802 CN2018092802W WO2019105027A1 WO 2019105027 A1 WO2019105027 A1 WO 2019105027A1 CN 2018092802 W CN2018092802 W CN 2018092802W WO 2019105027 A1 WO2019105027 A1 WO 2019105027A1
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polyester composition
biodegradable polyester
parts
film
biodegradable
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PCT/CN2018/092802
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English (en)
French (fr)
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欧阳春平
袁志敏
蔡彤旻
黄险波
曾祥斌
焦建
熊凯
杨晖
麦开锦
董学腾
卢昌利
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金发科技股份有限公司
珠海万通化工有限公司
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Publication of WO2019105027A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105027A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/06Biodegradable
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00Applications
    • C08L2203/16Applications used for films
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of polymer material modification, and in particular relates to a biodegradable polyester composition.
  • Biodegradable polyester is a kind of polymer material which is made from biological resources. Compared with petroleum-based polymers based on petrochemical resources, biodegradable polyesters can be degraded in biological or biochemical processes or in biological environments. It is currently the most active and market-based degradation in biodegradable plastics research. One of the materials.
  • Biodegradable polyester film is one of the important application fields of biodegradable polyester, including food bags, garbage bags, shopping bags and plastic film.
  • Biodegradable polyester In the process of blown film preparation, the continuous winding of the film is a key factor affecting the production efficiency of the film, but the biodegradable polyester film often exhibits film slip during the winding process (film deviation, In the case of insufficient friction or film sticking, the film has poor winding performance.
  • a conventional method is to add a lubricant to the polymer composition, and most of them are organic lubricants such as erucamide and oleic acid amide.
  • organic lubricants such as erucamide and oleic acid amide.
  • shopping bags prepared from biodegradable polyester compositions often need to be in contact with fruits, vegetables, or oils, while fruits, vegetables, or oils are mostly acidic.
  • Lubricants of amides decompose or migrate in a long-term acidic environment, and there is a certain risk of food contact.
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that in the biodegradable polyester composition, by adding a small amount of silica, the film can be prevented from slipping during the winding process, and no film sticking occurs.
  • the phenomenon of the roller so that the film exhibits excellent winding performance and improves the production efficiency of the material.
  • the produced film also has excellent food contact properties.
  • a biodegradable polyester composition comprising, by weight, components:
  • the weight content of the silica is from 0.1% to 0.5%, preferably from 0.2% to 0.4%, based on the total weight of the biodegradable polyester composition.
  • the method for testing the weight content of the silica is as follows: taking 1 to 10 g of the biodegradable polyester composition sample, taking 10 mL to 200 mL of the digestion solution, digesting in the digestion tank, and preparing the biodegradable polyester composition sample After complete digestion, transfer the solution to a volumetric flask of 200-1000 mL, and make up the volume; dilute 1 to 100 mL of the mixed digestion solution to 100 mL, measure the silicon content in the diluted digestion solution, and convert the silicon content into silicon dioxide. Weight content.
  • the addition of silica to the biodegradable polyester composition can act as a lubricant.
  • the present inventors have found that the weight content of silica in the biodegradable polyester composition is controlled to 0.1%. 0.5%, the dynamic friction factor of the film can be within a reasonable range (0.1-0.75), so that the film does not have the phenomenon of film slippage (film deviation, insufficient friction) during the winding process, and it will not appear. The phenomenon of the film sticking to the film, so that the film exhibits excellent winding performance.
  • the weight content of silica is from 0.1% to 0.5%, preferably from 0.2% to 0.4%, based on the total weight of the biodegradable polyester composition.
  • the source of silica in the compositions of the present invention can be obtained by directly adding a suitable amount of silica to the biodegradable polyester composition.
  • the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic polyester is polybutylene terephthalate PBAT, polysuccinate terephthalate PBST or polysebacate terephthalate. Mixing one or more of the glycol esters PBSeT.
  • the starch is selected from a mixture of one or more of natural starch, plasticized starch or modified starch, such as corn starch, sweet potato starch, and the like.
  • the inorganic filler is selected from the group consisting of talc, montmorillonite, kaolin, chalk, calcium carbonate, graphite, gypsum, conductive carbon black, calcium chloride, iron oxide, dolomite, wollastonite, titanium dioxide, silicate, mica, A mixture of one or more of glass fibers or mineral fibers.
  • the biodegradable polyester composition of the present invention further comprises 0-10 parts of a processing aid selected from the group consisting of water, glycerin, polyglycerin, ethoxylated polyglycerol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, sorbitol, sorbitol monoacetate, sorbitol diacetate, sorbitol monoethoxylate Or a mixture of one or more of sorbitol diethoxylates, preferably a mixture of one or more of water, glycerol or polyglycerol.
  • a processing aid selected from the group consisting of water, glycerin, polyglycerin, ethoxylated polyglycerol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol
  • the biodegradable polyester composition of the present invention further comprises 0 to 10 parts of at least one of the following: plasticizer, mold release agent, surfactant, wax, antistatic agent, dye according to different needs of use. , UV absorbers, UV stabilizers or other plastic additives.
  • the plasticizer is one or a mixture of two or more of citrate, glycerin, epoxidized soybean oil or the like;
  • the release agent is one of silicone oil, paraffin wax, white mineral oil, petrolatum or a mixture of two or more;
  • the surfactant is one or a mixture of two or more of polysorbate, palmitate or laurate;
  • the wax is one or a mixture of two or more of erucamide, stearic acid amide, behenic acid amide, beeswax or beeswax;
  • the antistatic agent is a permanent antistatic agent, and specifically one of PELESTAT-230, PELESTAT-6500, SUNNICO ASA-2500 or a mixture of two or more;
  • the dye is one of carbon black, black species, titanium white powder, zinc sulfide, indigo blue, fluorescent orange or a mixture of two or more.
  • the UV absorber is one or more of UV-944, UV-234, UV531, UV326;
  • the UV stabilizer is one or more of UV-123, UV-3896, UV-328;
  • the other plastic additive may be a nucleating agent, an antifogging agent, or the like;
  • the biodegradable polyester composition of the invention can be used for preparing shopping bags, compost bags, mulch films, protective covering films, silo films, film strips, fabrics, non-woven fabrics, textiles, fishing nets, load-bearing bags, garbage bags, etc. .
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention can greatly improve the biodegradable polyester composition by adding silica to the biodegradable polyester composition and controlling the content of silica in the composition in the range of 0.1% to 0.5%.
  • the phenomenon of poor winding is not caused by film slippage (film deviation, insufficient friction), and there is no film sticking phenomenon, so that the film exhibits excellent winding performance.
  • the produced film also has excellent food contact properties.
  • surfactants, waxes, PBAT, inorganic fillers, corn starch, polylactic acid PLA, and silica SiO2 are all commercially available.
  • Test method for the weight content of silica take 1 to 10 g of the biodegradable polyester composition sample, take 10 mL to 200 mL of the digestion solution, digest the solution in the digestion tank, and transfer the solution after the biodegradable polyester composition sample is completely digested. In a volumetric flask of 200 to 1000 mL, the volume is adjusted; 1 to 100 mL of a uniformly mixed digestion solution is diluted to 100 mL, and the silicon content in the diluted digestion solution is measured, and the silicon content is converted into the weight content of silica by the silicon content.
  • the biodegradable polyester composition can be prepared by adding silica to the biodegradable polyester composition and controlling the content of the silica in the range of 0.1% to 0.5%.
  • the dynamic friction coefficient is suitable (0.1-0.75), and there is no phenomenon that the film slips (the film runs off, the friction is insufficient), and the film sticking roller does not appear, so that the film exhibits excellent winding performance.
  • Comparative Example 1 silica was not added, and a small amount of silica was added to Comparative Example 2, and the coefficient of dynamic friction was too large, and there was a case where the film was stuck too much in the winding process, and the winding property of the film was poor; In Comparative Example 3, an excessive amount of silica was added, and the coefficient of dynamic friction was small, and the film was slipped during the winding process, and the film was heat-sealed, which affected the post-processing and use of the film.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,包括组分:i)52至70份的可生物降解的脂族-芳族聚酯;ii)4至9份的聚乳酸;iii)20至30份的淀粉;iv)0至8份的无机填料。本发明通过在可生物降解聚酯组合物中添加二氧化硅,并将组合物中二氧化硅的含量控制在0.1%~0.5%范围内,可以极大的改善可生物降解聚酯组合物在吹膜过程中收卷不良的现象,既不会出现薄膜打滑的现象,也不会出现薄膜粘辊的现象,从而使薄膜表现出优良的收卷性能;生产的薄膜还具有优异的食品接触性能。

Description

一种可生物降解聚酯组合物 技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料改性领域,具体涉及一种可生物降解聚酯组合物。
背景技术
可生物降解聚酯是以生物资源为原料的一类高分子材料。相对于以石化资源为原料的石油基高分子,可生物降解聚酯能够在生物或生物化学作用过程中或生物环境中发生降解,是目前生物降解塑料研究中非常活跃和市场应用最好的降解材料之一。
可生物降解聚酯薄膜是目前可生物降解聚酯重要应用领域之一,主要包括食品袋、垃圾袋、购物袋和地膜等。可生物降解聚酯在吹塑制备薄膜的过程中,薄膜的连续化收卷是影响薄膜生产效率的关键因素,但可生物降解聚酯薄膜在收卷过程中常常出现薄膜打滑(薄膜跑偏,摩擦力不够)或薄膜粘辊的情况,薄膜的收卷性能较差。
为了改善薄膜加工过程和使用过程中的润滑性能,常规的方法是往聚合物组合物中添加润滑剂,且多以酰胺类的有机润滑剂为主,如芥酸酰胺、油酸酰胺。但是由可生物降解聚酯组合物制备的购物袋多需要与果蔬或油脂类的物质接触,而果蔬或油脂类的物质多呈酸性环境。酰胺类的润滑剂在长期的酸性环境下会发生分解或迁移析出,从而存在一定的食品接触风险。
本发明经研究惊讶地发现,在可生物降解聚酯组合物中,通过添加少量的二氧化硅,可以使膜材在收卷过程中既不会出现薄膜打滑的现象,也不会出现薄膜粘辊的现象,从而使薄膜表现出优良的收卷性能,提升材料的生产效率。另外,生产的薄膜还具有优异的食品接触性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,通过在该组合物中添加少量的二氧化硅,可以使制备得到的可生物降解聚酯组合物具有优异的收卷性能及食品接触性能。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,按重量份计,包括组分:
i)52至70份的可生物降解的脂族-芳族聚酯;
ii)4至9份的聚乳酸;
iii)20至30份的淀粉;
iv)0至8份的无机填料;
其中,基于可生物降解聚酯组合物的总重量,二氧化硅的重量含量为0.1%~0.5%,优选为0.2%~0.4%。
其中,所述二氧化硅的重量含量的测试方法为:取1~10g可生物降解聚酯组合物样品,取10mL~200mL的消解液,在消解罐中消解,待生物降解聚酯组合物样品完全消解后转移溶液到200~1000mL的容量瓶中,定容;取1~100mL混合均匀的消解液稀释到100mL,测定稀释后的消解液中的硅含量,通过硅含量换算成二氧化硅的重量含量。
二氧化硅添加到可生物降解聚酯组合物中,可以起到类似润滑剂的作用,本发明通过研究发现,将可生物降解聚酯组合物中的二氧化硅的重量含量控制在0.1%~0.5%,可使膜材的动摩擦因素处于合理范围内(0.1-0.75),使膜材在收卷过程中既不会出现薄膜打滑(薄膜跑偏,摩擦力不够)的现象,也不会出现薄膜粘辊的现象,从而使薄膜表现出优良的收卷性能。但若可生物降解聚酯组合物中二氧化硅含量太高,薄膜动摩擦系数极小,基本无法实现印刷;二氧化硅含量太低,动摩擦系数太大,出现收卷过程中,薄膜粘辊过多的情况,因此基于可生物降解聚酯组合物的总重量,二氧化硅的重量含量为0.1%~0.5%,优选为0.2%~0.4%。
本发明组合物中的二氧化硅的来源可通过在可生物降解聚酯组合物中直接添加适宜量的二氧化硅得到。
所述可生物降解的脂族-芳族聚酯为聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBAT、聚琥珀酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBST或聚癸二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBSeT中的一种或几种的混合。
所述淀粉选自天然淀粉、塑化淀粉或改性淀粉中的一种或几种的混合,如玉米淀粉、红薯淀粉等。
所述无机填料选自滑石粉、蒙脱土、高岭土、白垩、碳酸钙、石墨、石膏、导电炭黑、氯化钙、氧化铁、白云石、硅灰石、二氧化钛、硅酸盐、云母、玻璃纤维或矿物纤维中的一种或几种的混合。
本发明的可生物降解聚酯组合物还包括0-10份的加工助剂,所述加工助剂选自水、甘油、聚甘油、乙氧基聚甘油、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇,新戊二醇、山梨醇、山梨醇一单乙酸酯、山梨醇二乙酸酯、山梨醇单乙氧基化物或山梨醇二乙氧基化物中的一种或几种的混合,优选为水、甘油或聚甘油中的一种或几种的混合。
根据不同的用途需要,本发明的可生物降解聚酯组合物还进一步包括0至10份的至少一种下述物质:增塑剂、脱模剂、表面活性剂、蜡、防静电剂、染料、UV吸收剂、UV稳定剂或其他塑料添加剂。
所述增塑剂为柠檬酸酯、甘油、环氧大豆油等中的一种或者两种及以上的混合物;
所述脱模剂为硅油、石蜡、白矿油、凡士林中的一种或者两种及以上的混合物;
所述表面活性剂为聚山梨醇酯、棕榈酸酯或月桂酸酯中的一种或者两种及以上的混合物;
所述蜡为芥酸酰胺、硬脂酰胺、山嵛酸酰胺、蜂蜡或蜂蜡酯中的一种或者两种及以上的混合物;
所述防静电剂为永久性抗静电剂,具体可以列举出PELESTAT-230、PELESTAT-6500、SUNNICO ASA-2500中的一种或者两种及以上的混合物;
所述染料为炭黑、黑种、钛白粉、硫化锌、酞青蓝、荧光橙中的一种或者两种及以上的混合物。
所述UV吸收剂为UV-944、UV-234、UV531、UV326中的一种或几种;
所述UV稳定剂为UV-123、UV-3896、UV-328中的一种或几种;
所述其他塑料添加剂可以为成核剂、防雾剂等;
本发明所述的可生物降解聚酯组合物可用于制备购物袋、堆肥袋、地膜、保护性覆盖膜、筒仓膜、薄膜带、织物、非织物、纺织品、渔网、承重袋、垃圾袋等。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
本发明通过在可生物降解聚酯组合物中添加二氧化硅,并将组合物中二氧化硅的含量控制在0.1%~0.5%范围内,可以极大的改善可生物降解聚酯组合物在收卷过程中收卷不良的现象,既不会出现薄膜打滑(薄膜跑偏,摩擦力不够)的现象,也不会出现薄膜粘辊的现象,从而使薄膜表现出优良的收卷性能。另外,生产的薄膜还具有优异的食品接触性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明,以下实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受下述实施例的限制。
本发明实施例和对比例采用的原料如下:
组分i)选用PBAT;组分iii)选用玉米淀粉;无机填料选用滑石粉、碳酸钙;增塑剂选用柠檬酸酯;表面活性剂选用棕榈酸酯;蜡选用硬酯酰胺;上述增塑剂、表面活性剂、蜡、PBAT、无机填料、玉米淀粉及聚乳酸PLA、二氧化硅SiO2均来源于市购。
实施例1-9及对比例1-3:
按表1所示配方,将PBAT、PLA、淀粉、无机填料、增塑剂、表面活性剂、蜡以及二氧化硅混匀后投入单螺杆挤出机中,于140℃-240℃挤出、造粒,得到可生物降解聚酯组合物。性能测试数据见表1。
性能评价方法:
可生物降解聚酯组合物薄膜收卷性能的评估方法(动摩擦系数,ud,内-内):(动摩擦系数仪MXD-02,济南兰光机电技术有限公司)使用一个试验板(安置在水平操作台上的),将一个可生物降解聚酯组合物试样用双面胶或其他方式固定在试验板上,另一个可生物降解聚酯组合物试样裁剪合适后固定在专用滑板上,然后将滑板按照具体操作说明放置在试验板上第一个试样的中央,并使两试样的试验方向与滑动方向平行且测力系统恰好不受力。试验开始后滑块按照准备规定的试验速度在试样上滑过一定距离,读取动摩擦系数仪的读数即可。
二氧化硅的重量含量的测试方法:取1~10g可生物降解聚酯组合物样品,取10mL~200mL的消解液,在消解罐中消解,待生物降解聚酯组合物样品完全消解后转移溶液到200~1000mL的容量瓶中,定容;取1~100mL混合均匀的消解液稀释到100mL,测定稀释后的消解液中的硅含量,通过硅含量换算成二氧化硅的重量含量。
表1实施例和对比例中各组分配比及性能测试结果(重量份)
Figure PCTCN2018092802-appb-000001
由表1结果可以看出,在可生物降解聚酯组合物加入二氧化硅,并将二氧化硅的含量控制在0.1%~0.5%范围内,可以使制备得到的可生物降解聚酯组合物的动摩擦系数适宜(0.1-0.75),既不会出现薄膜打滑(薄膜跑偏,摩擦力不够)的现象,也不会出现薄膜粘辊的现象,从而 使薄膜表现出优良的收卷性能。对比例1中未加入二氧化硅和对比例2中加入了少量的二氧化硅,动摩擦系数太大,会出现收卷过程中,薄膜粘辊过多的情况,薄膜的收卷性能较差;对比例3中加入了过量的二氧化硅,动摩擦系数较小,会出现收卷过程中,薄膜打滑的情况,同时对薄膜的热封有影响,影响薄膜的后期加工与使用。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括组分:
    i)52至70份的可生物降解的脂族-芳族聚酯;
    ii)4至9份的聚乳酸;
    iii)20至30份的淀粉;
    iv)0至8份的无机填料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,基于可生物降解聚酯组合物的总重量,二氧化硅的重量含量为0.1%~0.5%,优选为0.2%~0.4%。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,所述二氧化硅的重量含量的测试方法为:取1~10g可生物降解聚酯组合物样品,取10mL~200mL的消解液,在消解罐中消解,待生物降解聚酯组合物样品完全消解后转移溶液到200~1000mL的容量瓶中,定容;取1~100mL混合均匀的消解液稀释到100mL,测定稀释后的消解液中的硅含量,通过硅含量换算成二氧化硅的重量含量。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,所述可生物降解的脂族-芳族聚酯为聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBAT、聚琥珀酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBST或聚癸二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBSeT中的一种或几种的混合。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,所述淀粉选自天然淀粉、塑化淀粉或改性淀粉中的一种或几种的混合。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,所述无机填料选自滑石粉、蒙脱土、高岭土、白垩、碳酸钙、石墨、石膏、导电炭黑、氯化钙、氧化铁、白云石、硅灰石、二氧化钛、硅酸盐、云母、玻璃纤维或矿物纤维中的一种或几种的混合。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,还包括0-10份的加工助剂,所述加工助剂选自水、甘油、聚甘油、乙氧基聚甘油、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇,新戊二醇、山梨醇、山梨醇单乙酸酯、山梨醇二乙酸酯、山梨醇单乙氧基化物或山梨醇二乙氧基化物中的一种或几种的混合,优选为水、甘油或聚甘油中的一种或几种的混合。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可生物降解聚酯组合物,其特征在于,还包括0至10份的至少一种下述物质:增塑剂、脱模剂、表面活性剂、蜡、防静电剂、染料、UV吸收剂、UV稳定剂或其他塑料添加剂。
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