WO2019104964A1 - 多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法 - Google Patents

多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019104964A1
WO2019104964A1 PCT/CN2018/088272 CN2018088272W WO2019104964A1 WO 2019104964 A1 WO2019104964 A1 WO 2019104964A1 CN 2018088272 W CN2018088272 W CN 2018088272W WO 2019104964 A1 WO2019104964 A1 WO 2019104964A1
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Prior art keywords
expansion valve
indoor units
conditioning system
air conditioning
connected air
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PCT/CN2018/088272
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢大海
王海胜
崔国栋
张铭
张中晓
刁洪福
高强
焦华
陈旭
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青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2019104964A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019104964A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/345—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids
    • F25B41/347—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids with the valve member being opened and closed cyclically, e.g. with pulse width modulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and in particular to a noise control method for a multi-connected air conditioning system.
  • the multi-connected air conditioning system has gradually become the preferred solution for air conditioning in office buildings, shopping malls, apartments and other collective places due to its advantages of convenient installation, small impact on the appearance of the building, and remarkable refrigeration/heating effects.
  • the electronic expansion valve of the indoor unit that is normally in the standby state retains a certain opening degree (ie, the reference retention opening degree) to allow the refrigerant to participate in the circulation of the system.
  • the use of large-caliber electronic expansion valves increases the cost of the whole machine to a certain extent.
  • the cost of multi-connected air-conditioning systems will be greatly increased by replacing electronic expansion valves of multiple indoor units at the same time. That is to say, the existing technical solution for replacing the standby noise of the heating indoor unit by replacing the large-caliber electronic expansion valve has the problems of poor effect and high cost.
  • the present invention provides a A noise control method for a multi-connected air-conditioning system, the multi-connected air-conditioning system includes an outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units, each of which is provided with an expansion valve, wherein the noise control method includes the following steps :
  • the first target opening degree is greater than a reference retention opening degree when the indoor unit corresponding to the expansion valve is in a standby state.
  • the step of "adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the set number of indoor units in the indoor unit in the standby state to the first target opening degree" Further includes:
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the set number of indoor units is adjusted to the first target opening degree.
  • the step of "selecting the set number of indoor units based on the number and the number of horses" further includes:
  • the order is sorted according to the address code of the indoor unit.
  • the step of "adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the set number of indoor units in the indoor unit in the standby state to the first target opening degree" Execute once every first set time.
  • the step of "intervaling the expansion valve corresponding to the remaining indoor units in the indoor unit in the standby state" further includes:
  • the second set time is greater than the third set time.
  • the noise control method further include:
  • the second set time and/or the maximum set opening degree is determined based on a startup load rate of the multi-connected air conditioning system.
  • the power-on load ratio is equal to a ratio of the total number of indoor units in the power-on state to the total number of indoor units of the multi-connected air-conditioning system.
  • the noise control method includes: obtaining the running time of the heating mode when the operating mode of the multi-connected air conditioning system is the heating mode; When the running time is greater than the time threshold, the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the set number of indoor units in the indoor unit in the standby state is adjusted to the first target opening degree to receive the refrigerant; and the indoor unit in the standby state is controlled at the same time
  • the expansion valves corresponding to the remaining indoor units are intermittently opened to reduce noise.
  • the first target opening degree is greater than a reference retention opening degree when the indoor unit corresponding to the expansion valve is in a standby state, and the set number of indoor units is an indoor unit having a large number of indoor units in the standby state.
  • the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit having a large number of horses in the standby state can maintain a large opening degree to receive the refrigerant of the system, and the expansion corresponding to the indoor unit having a small number of horses.
  • the valves are intermittently opened, that is, kept off for most of the time, and turned on only for a small part of the time to eliminate the noise generated by the refrigerant flowing in these indoor units.
  • the indoor units with a large number of horses are usually installed in larger rooms, such as offices, conference rooms, halls, etc., and the smaller indoor units are usually installed in smaller rooms, such as a study or bedroom, the above control
  • the method can keep the room where the small number of rooms are located quiet, and solves the problem that the prior art adopts the replacement of the large-caliber electronic expansion valve to solve the standby noise of the heating indoor unit, and the problem of high cost and improvement is improved. user experience.
  • the present invention also saves the overall machine cost because the method of the present invention does not require changes to the original structure of the air conditioning system during the control process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a noise control method of a multi-connected air conditioning system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for adjusting an opening degree of an expansion valve corresponding to a set number of indoor units in an indoor unit in a standby state to a first target opening degree according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling intermittent opening of an expansion valve corresponding to a remaining indoor unit according to the present invention.
  • the multi-connected air conditioning system includes an outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units connected in series or in parallel with the outdoor unit, and the outdoor unit is provided with an outdoor unit heat exchanger and a compressor.
  • Outdoor unit electronic expansion valve and control chip and other components, indoor unit heat exchanger, indoor unit electronic expansion valve and other components, the connection between the above components, the refrigeration system and heating principle of the air conditioning system have been Known, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the invention has a poor effect and high cost, and the present invention provides a noise control method for the multi-connected air conditioning system.
  • the noise control method can open a large opening of an electronic expansion valve (hereinafter referred to as an expansion valve) corresponding to an indoor unit having a large number of indoor units in a standby state based on the number and the number of indoor units in the standby state.
  • an expansion valve an electronic expansion valve
  • the degree of control is such that the expansion valve corresponding to the small number of indoor units is kept closed for most of the time, and the sound generated by the refrigerant flow in the indoor unit having a small number of horses in the standby state is eliminated, so that the number of horses is large in the standby state.
  • the indoor unit accepts more refrigerant. Since the indoor unit with a small number of horses is usually installed in a small room such as a bedroom or a study room, a large number of indoor units are usually installed in a large room such as a hall, an office, a conference room, etc., so that the present invention can specifically make a study or Smaller rooms such as bedrooms remain quiet.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a noise control method of a multi-connected air conditioning system according to the present invention.
  • the noise control method of the multi-connected air conditioning system of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the operation mode of the multi-connected air conditioning system is the heating mode
  • the running time of the heating mode is obtained; for example, the operating mode of the multi-connected air conditioning system includes a cooling mode, a heating mode, a blowing mode, and a dehumidification mode, and more
  • the integrated air conditioning system obtains the current operation mode through the control chip of the outdoor unit, and the control chip acquires the running time of the air conditioner in the heating mode through the timer inside the air conditioner.
  • the setting of the time threshold is not static, and those skilled in the art can also adjust it.
  • the time threshold may also be 4 min, 5 min, etc., as long as the multi-connected air conditioning system is operated after the time, the heating operation should be stabilized.
  • the first target opening degree is greater than a reference retention opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit that is in the standby state when the method is not used.
  • the expansion valve of the standby indoor unit usually retains an opening of 1/10 of the maximum opening degree ( 48P)
  • the first target opening degree of the present invention may be between 1/6 (80P) and 1/5 (96P) of the maximum opening degree of the expansion valve, such as 88P.
  • the first target opening degree is not one of the setting methods described above, and a person skilled in the art can adjust it according to a specific application scenario, as long as the adjustment satisfies the first target opening degree is greater than the standby state when the method is not used.
  • the condition of the expansion valve corresponding to the expansion unit of the indoor unit may be maintained.
  • the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit having a small number of the indoor units in the standby state is kept closed for most of the time to prevent the refrigerant from flowing, and the number of the shoes is large.
  • the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit opens a large opening to receive more refrigerant flow, and the noise control method of the present invention can reduce or eliminate the noise of the room where the indoor unit with a small number of horses is located, and reduce the closing of the expansion valve.
  • the accumulation of refrigerant in the indoor unit keeps the room such as the bedroom or study quiet.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a method for adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the set number of indoor units in the indoor unit in the standby state to the first target opening degree.
  • the step of “adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to a set number of indoor units in the indoor unit in the standby state to the first target opening degree” is further include:
  • the set number of indoor units may be selected according to the following methods: in order of the number of the horses being large to small, Sorting the above number of indoor units; selecting a set number of indoor units arranged in front; wherein, when the number of horses is the same, sorting according to the address code of the indoor unit; for example, when the number of standby units is 2 to 5, according to The above method selects one indoor unit with the largest number of horses; when the number of standby units is 6 to 10, the two indoor units with the largest number of horses are selected according to the above method; when the number of standby units is greater than 10, the number of the three largest ones is selected according to the above method.
  • the address code of the indoor unit is a string of digital codes unique to each indoor unit, which can be stored on the control chip of each indoor unit and can be acquired by the control chip of the outdoor unit, or It is directly stored on the control chip of the outdoor unit and is called by the control chip. It should also be understood that the above selection method is only used to explain the principle of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Make any adjustments to the above selection methods to adapt to more specific application scenarios;
  • the step of "adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the set number of indoor units to the first target opening degree" is performed once every first set time. For example, every 1 minute. Of course, it can also be performed every 2 minutes, 3 minutes, or 5 minutes. The shorter the time of the isolation is set, the more the control precision of the control method can be improved.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling intermittent opening of an expansion valve corresponding to a remaining indoor unit according to the present invention.
  • the step of “controlling the expansion valve corresponding to the remaining indoor units to be intermittently opened” further includes:
  • S221 detecting whether the expansion valve corresponding to the remaining indoor units is closed, and if yes, acquiring the closing time of the expansion valves of the remaining indoor units, and comparing with the second set time, if the second set time is 20 minutes, the control chip detects the rest. Whether the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit is closed, and if it has been closed, the closing time of the expansion valve of the indoor unit is obtained, and the closing time is compared with 20 minutes;
  • the closing time when the closing time is greater than the second set time, controlling the expansion valve to open at a set valve opening speed within a third set time; if the third set time is 1 min, the comparison result is an expansion valve
  • the expansion valve When the closing time is longer than 20 min, the expansion valve is first opened to 20 P in 1 min, and then the valve opening speed is increased by 20 P every 5 seconds; wherein the valve opening speed setting is advantageous in opening the expansion valve
  • the third set time and the valve opening speed can be adjusted based on a specific application scenario.
  • the third set time may be 0.5 min or 2 min, and the valve opening speed may be increased by 30 P every 10 s.
  • the expansion valve when the opening degree of the expansion valve reaches the maximum set opening degree, the expansion valve is stopped to open the valve, for example, the maximum opening degree is 150P, and the expansion valve stops opening when the valve is opened to 150P at the set valve opening speed;
  • the maximum setting opening degree may represent the maximum opening degree of the expansion valve that does not generate noise in the indoor unit under the above control method.
  • the second set time is greater than the third set time, the purpose of the setting is to keep the expansion valve closed for more time to keep the corresponding room quiet.
  • the second set time and the maximum set opening degree may be determined based on a startup load rate of the multi-connected air conditioning system.
  • the boot load rate may be equal to a ratio of the total number of indoor units in the power-on state to the total number of horses of the indoor unit of the multi-connected air conditioning system, and the ratio is used to indicate that the power is on.
  • the load of the indoor unit in the state accounts for the proportion of the total load of the multi-connected air conditioning system. The smaller the proportion, the more the number of indoor units that are in standby state. The more the refrigerant is in the closed state, the more the refrigerant is stacked, and the expansion valve in the closed state needs to be opened more frequently.
  • the second set time can be set to 10 min, the maximum set opening degree is set to 180 P; when the boot load rate is 25% to 50%, the second set can be set.
  • the fixed time is set to 20min, the maximum setting opening is set to 150P; when the starting load rate is greater than 50%, the second setting time can be set to 30min and the maximum setting opening is set to 120P.
  • the third set time can be set to 30s, 1min, 2min, etc. based on the actual noise control effect.
  • the multi-connected air conditioning system includes one outdoor unit and ten indoor units.
  • 10 indoor units further include 2 living room indoor units with 3.0HP and 8 bedroom indoor units with 1.0HP.
  • the address can be selected from two living room indoor units with a number of 3.0 HP.
  • the living room indoor unit with the front position is coded, and the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit is adjusted to 88P, and the adjustment is judged once every minute thereafter.
  • the control chip controls the expansion valves of the remaining indoor units to operate in a manner of being turned off for 1 minute (third set time) every 20 minutes.
  • the opening process is as follows: firstly, the opening degree of the expansion valve is 20P, and then the valve opening speed is increased by 20P every 5 seconds until the expansion valve opening degree reaches 150P and the valve is opened.
  • the noise control method of the present invention may further set the following steps:
  • the control chip of the outdoor unit When any indoor unit is switched from the running state to the standby state, the control chip of the outdoor unit causes the expansion valve of the indoor unit to be turned on at the second target opening time for the fourth set time, and after the fourth set time is continued
  • the state of the indoor unit is switched to the standby state.
  • the control chip of the outdoor unit forces the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit to maintain the opening degree of 350P in 1 minute, so that the refrigerant in the indoor unit is at 1 min.
  • the backflow is sufficiently backed up to avoid the problem of accumulation of refrigerant due to the closing of the expansion valve immediately when the indoor unit enters the standby state.
  • the control chip switches the state of the outdoor unit to the standby state, and the outdoor unit participates in the determination of the noise control method.
  • the expansion valves corresponding to all the standby indoor units are simultaneously The third target opening is turned on during the sixth set time. For example, when the compressor exhaust temperature of the outdoor unit reaches or exceeds 100 ° C, or the opening degree of the expansion valve corresponding to the outdoor unit reaches or exceeds 400 P for 1 min, it proves that the amount of refrigerant in the outdoor unit is missing.
  • the expansion valve corresponding to the standby indoor unit is simultaneously turned on to 88P, so that the accumulated refrigerant in the indoor unit pipelines can be recirculated in time to avoid the shortage of refrigerant and improve the safety of the air conditioning system.
  • the present invention can maintain a large opening of the expansion valve corresponding to the indoor unit having a large number of indoor units in the standby state while the heating indoor unit is in standby to accept
  • the refrigerant of the system keeps the expansion valve corresponding to the smaller indoor unit closed for most of the time to eliminate the noise generated by the refrigerant flowing in these indoor units, and to ensure the bedroom, study, etc. corresponding to these indoor units.
  • the room is quiet. And the adjustment process does not need to make changes to the original structure of the air conditioning system, saving the cost of the whole machine.
  • the noise control method of the multi-connected air-conditioning system of the present invention solves the problem that the prior art adopts the replacement of the large-diameter expansion valve to solve the standby noise of the heating indoor unit, and has the advantages of low efficiency and high cost. To improve the user experience.

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Abstract

一种多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，包括如下步骤：S100，在多联式空调系统的运行模式为制热模式时，获取制热模式的运行时间；S200，在制热模式的运行时间大于时间阈值时，将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度，同时控制其余室内机对应的膨胀阀间歇开启。通过该控制方法，能够使设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀保持第一目标开度以接纳冷媒，使其余的室内机间歇开启，以便减少或消除噪音，提高噪音控制效果。

Description

多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及空调技术领域，具体涉及一种多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法。
背景技术
近年来，多联式空调系统以其安装便捷、对建筑物外观影响小、制冷/制热效果显著等优点，逐渐成为写字楼、商场、公寓等集体场所进行空气调节的首选解决方案。多联机空调系统在以制热模式运行时，为了避免冷媒的积攒，通常处于待机状态的室内机的电子膨胀阀会保留一定的开度(即基准保留开度)以使冷媒参与系统的循环。但是，在冷媒流动时，由于制热室内机的风扇不运转，因此冷媒的流动声音会被放大，进而形成噪音，尤其是在卧室等需要安静的房间，影响用户休息，带来非常不好的使用体验。
为了解决上述制热室内机待机时的噪音问题，现有技术中多采用较大口径的电子膨胀阀替代原空调室内机中较小口径的膨胀阀的方案加以解决。这种方案通过加大膨胀阀口径、改变膨胀阀流道的方式，使得冷媒的流速降低，进而降低冷媒的流动产生的噪音。虽然这种方式一定程度上解决了冷媒流动产生的噪音问题，但是也不可避免地存在一定的缺陷。首先，通过加大电子膨胀阀口径、改变流道的方式只能降低冷媒的流动声音，并不能从根本上消除该流动声音，使得噪音依旧存在。其次，采用大口径电子膨胀阀一定程度上增加了整机的成本，对于多联式空调系统来说，同时更换多台室内机的电子膨胀阀，多联式空调系统的成本会大大增加。也就是说，现有的采用更换大口径电子膨胀阀解决制热室内机待机噪音的技术方案存在效果差、成本高的问题。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有的采用更换大口径电子膨胀阀来解决制热室内机待机噪音的技术方案存在的效果差、成本高的问题，本发明提供了一种多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，所述多联式空调系统包括室外机和多个室内机，每个所述室内机都设置有膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述噪音控制方法包括如下步骤：
在所述多联式空调系统的运行模式为制热模式时，获取所述制热模式的运行时间；
在所述运行时间大于时间阈值时，将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度；同时控制所述处于待机状态的室内机中其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述第一目标开度大于该膨胀阀所对应的室内机处于待机状态时的基准保留开度。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，“将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度”的步骤进一步包括：
获取处于待机状态的室内机的数量和每个处于待机状态的室内机的匹数；
基于所述数量和所述匹数，选取所述设定数量的室内机；
将所述设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，“基于所述数量和所述匹数，选取所述设定数量的室内机”的步骤进一步包括：
按照匹数由大到小的顺序，对所述数量的室内机进行排序；
选取排列靠前的所述设定数量的室内机。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，在匹数相同时，按照室内机的地址编码进行排序。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，“将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度”的步骤每隔第一设定时间执行一次。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，“控制处于待机状态的室内机中其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启”的步骤进一步包括：
检测所述其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀是否关闭，若是，则获取所述其余室内机的膨胀阀的关闭时间，并与第二设定时间比较；
当所述关闭时间大于第二设定时间时，控制所述膨胀阀在第三设定时间内以设定的开阀速度开启；
其中，第二设定时间大于第三设定时间。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，在“控制所述膨胀阀在第三设定时间内以设定的开阀速度开启”的步骤之后，所述噪音控制方法还包括：
在所述膨胀阀的开度达到最大设定开度时，使所述膨胀阀停止开启。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述第二设定时间和/或所述最大设定开度基于所述多联式空调系统的开机负荷率确定。
在上述多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的优选技术方案中，所述开机负荷率等于处于开机状态的室内机的总匹数与所述多联式空调系统的室内机的总匹数的比值。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，在本发明的优选技术方案中，噪音控制方法包括：在多联式空调系统的运行模式为制热模式时，获取制热模式的运行时间；在制热模式的运行时间大于时间阈值时，将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度，以便接纳冷媒；同时控制处于待机状态的室内机中其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启，以便减少噪音。其中，第一目标开度大于该膨胀阀所对应的室内机处于待机状态时的基准保留开度，设定数量的室内机为处于待机状态的室内机中匹数较大的室内机。通过上述噪音控制方法，本发明可以将处于待机状态的匹数较大的室内机所对应的膨胀阀保持较大的开度以接纳系统的冷媒，使匹数较小的室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启，即在绝大部分时间内保持关闭，而只在很小一部分时间内开启，以消除冷媒在这些室内机内流动产生的噪音。由于匹数较大的室内机通常安装于较大的房间，如办公室、会议室、大厅等，而 匹数较小的室内机通常安装于较小的房间，如书房或卧室等，因此上述控制方法能够使匹数较小的室内所在的房间保持安静，解决了现有技术中采用更换大口径电子膨胀阀来解决制热室内机待机噪音的技术方案存在的效果差、成本高的问题，改善用户体验。此外，由于本发明方法在控制过程中无需对空调系统的原有结构做出改动，因此本发明还节约了整机成本。
附图说明
下面参照附图来描述本发明的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法。附图中：
图1为本发明的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明的一种使处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度的方法流程示意图；
图3为本发明的一种控制其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启的方法流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
首先需要说明的是，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，多联式空调系统包括室外机以及与室外机串联或并联的多个室内机，室外机中设置有室外机换热器、压缩机、室外机电子膨胀阀以及控制芯片等部件，室内机中设置有室内机换热器、室内机电子膨胀阀等部件，上述部件之间的连接关系、空调系统的制冷和制热原理等都是已知的，在此不进行详细描述。
为解决现有技术中采用更换大口径电子膨胀阀来解决制热室内机待机噪音的技术方案存在的效果差、成本高的问题，本发明提供了一种多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，该噪音控制方法能够基于处于待机状态的室内机的数量和匹数，通过使处于待机状态的室内机中匹数 大的室内机所对应的电子膨胀阀(以下简称膨胀阀)开启较大的开度，使匹数小的室内机所对应的膨胀阀保持大部分时间关闭的控制方式，消除匹数小的处于待机状态的室内机中冷媒流动产生的声音，使匹数较大的处于待机状态的室内机接纳更多的冷媒。由于匹数小的室内机通常安装于卧室、书房等较小的房间，匹数大的室内机通常安装于大厅、办公室、会议室等较大的房间，因此本发明能够有针对地使书房或卧室等较小的房间保持安静。
首先参照图1，图1为本发明的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法的流程示意图。
如图1所示，本发明的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法主要包括如下步骤：
S100、在多联式空调系统的运行模式为制热模式时，获取制热模式的运行时间；如多联式空调系统的运行模式包括制冷模式、制热模式、送风模式以及除湿模式，多联式空调系统通过室外机的控制芯片获取当前的运行模式，并且控制芯片通过空调内部的计时器获取空调在制热模式的运行时间。
S200、在运行时间大于时间阈值时，将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度，以便接纳冷媒；同时控制其余的室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启，以便消除这些室内机待机时产生的噪音。例如，时间阈值为3min，在制热模式的运行时间大于3min时，此时空调制热运行已达到稳定状态，然后将处于待机状态的室内机中匹数较大的室内机所对应的膨胀阀开启较大的开度，控制其余匹数较小的室内机所对应的膨胀阀每关闭20min，开启1min，如此循环。当然，时间阈值的设置并非一成不变，本领域技术人员还能够对其调整。如时间阈值还可以是4min，5min等，只要多联式空调系统经过该时间的运行后，制热运行应达到稳定即可。
优选地，第一目标开度大于不使用本方法时处于待机状态的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的基准保留开度。举例而言，在膨胀阀最大开度为480P(P为开度脉冲单位，下同)且不使用本方法时，待机室内机的膨胀阀通常保留的开度为最大开度的1/10(48P)，而本发明的第一目标开度可以为膨胀阀最大开度的1/6(80P)至1/5(96P)之间，如88P。当然，第一目标开度并非上述一种设定方法，本领域技术人员能够在基 于具体的应用场景对其进行调整，只要该调整满足第一目标开度大于不使用本方法时处于待机状态的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的基准保留开度的条件即可。
上述描述可以看出，在制热模式下，通过使处于待机状态的室内机中匹数较小的室内机所对应的膨胀阀保持大部分时间关闭以便阻止冷媒流动，而使匹数较大的室内机所对应的膨胀阀开启较大的开度以接纳更多的冷媒流动，本发明的噪音控制方法可以减小或消除匹数较小的室内机所在房间的噪音，同时减少膨胀阀关闭的室内机中冷媒的堆积程度，进而使卧室或书房等房间保持安静。
参照图2，图2为本发明的一种使处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度的方法流程示意图。
如图2所示，在一种可能的实施方式中，“使处于待机状态的室内机中一设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度”的步骤进一步包括：
S211、获取处于待机状态的室内机的数量和每个处于待机状态的室内机的匹数；如通过控制芯片获取每个室内机的状态统计处于待机状态的室内机的数量；
S212、基于上述数量和匹数，选取设定数量的室内机；在一种可能地选取方法中，设定数量的室内机可以按照如下方法进行选取：按照匹数由大到小的顺序，对上述数量的室内机进行排序；选取排列靠前的设定数量的室内机；其中，在匹数相同时，可以按照室内机的地址编码进行排序；例如，待机台数为2至5台时，按照上述方法选取1台匹数最大的室内机；待机台数为6至10台时，按照上述方法选取2台匹数最大的室内机；待机台数大于10台时，按照上述方法选取3台匹数最大的室内机；
应当解释的是，室内机的地址编码是每台室内机所独有的一串数字码，它可以存储于每个室内机的控制芯片上并且能够被室外机的控制芯片所获取，或者也可以直接存储于室外机的控制芯片上，被控制芯片所调用；还应当解释的是，上述选取方法仅仅用来阐述本发明的原理，并非旨在于限制本发明的保护范围，本领域技术人员有理由对上述选取方法进行任何形式的调整，以适应更加具体的应用场景；
S213、将设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度，如将被选取的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调整至88P。
优选地，上述“使设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度”步骤每隔第一设定时间进行一次。如每隔1分钟进行一次。当然，也可以每2min、3min或5min进行一次，该隔离的时间设置的越短越能够提高本控制方法的控制精度。
参照图3，图3为本发明的一种控制其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启的方法流程示意图。
如图3所示，在一种可能的实施方式中，“控制其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀在间歇开启”的步骤进一步包括：
S221、检测其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀是否关闭，若是，则获取其余室内机的膨胀阀的关闭时间，并与第二设定时间比较，如第二设定时间为20min，控制芯片检测其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀是否关闭，若已经关闭，则获取室内机的膨胀阀的关闭时间，并将关闭时间与20min进行比较；
S222、当关闭时间大于第二设定时间时，控制所述膨胀阀在第三设定时间内以设定的开阀速度开启；如第三设定时间为1min，在比较结果为膨胀阀的关闭时间大于20min时，使膨胀阀在1min内以先开阀至20P，然后以每隔5秒增加20P的开阀速度进行开阀；其中，开阀速度设置好处在于能够在膨胀阀的开度停止上升的时间内堆积一定量的冷媒，进而在膨胀阀的开度继续增大的时候使冷媒回流充分，以减小室内机产生的噪音。当然，第三设定时间和开阀速度可以基于具体的应用场景进行调整，如第三设定时间还可以是0.5min或2min，开阀速度还可以是每隔10s增大30P等。
S223、在膨胀阀的开度达到最大设定开度时，使膨胀阀停止开阀，如最大开度为150P，膨胀阀在以设定的开阀速度开阀至150P时，停止开阀；其中，最大设定开度可以代表在上述控制方法下使室内机不产生噪音的膨胀阀的最大开度。
其中，第二设定时间大于第三设定时间，这样设置的目的在于使膨胀阀在更多的时间保持关闭，以保持相应房间的安静。
优选地，第二设定时间和最大设定开度可以基于多联式空调系统的开机负荷率确定。其中，在一种可能的实施方式中，开机负荷率 可以等于处于开机状态的室内机的总匹数与和多联式空调系统的室内机的总匹数的比值，该比值用来表征处于开机状态的室内机所用的负荷占多联式空调系统的总负荷的比例。所占比例越小，证明处于待机状态的室内机数量越多，此时处于关闭状态的膨胀阀堆积的冷媒也越多，也就需要更频繁的开启处于关闭状态的膨胀阀以及时地使堆积的冷媒循环，但需要强调的是，更频繁的开启处于关闭状态的膨胀阀并不意味着有噪音的产生，当膨胀阀前的冷媒堆积足够多的时候，冷媒的流动反而不会出现流动的声音。
举例而言，在开机负荷率小于25％时，可以将第二设定时间设置为10min、最大设定开度设置为180P；在开机负荷率处于25％至50％时，可以将第二设定时间设置为20min、最大设定开度设置为150P；在开机负荷率大于50％时，可以将第二设定时间设置为30min、最大设定开度设置为120P。第三设定时间可以基于实际噪音控制效果设置为为30s、1min、2min等。
下面以一种可能的示例对本发明的噪音控制方法的控制流程进行阐述。
假设多联式空调系统包括1个室外机和10个室内机。其中10个室内机进一步包括2个匹数为3.0HP的客厅室内机和8台匹数为1.0HP的卧室室内机。在一种可能的运行状态下，有5台匹数为1.0HP的卧室室内机正在以制热模式运行，其余室内机均保持待机状态，那么在制热模式运行3min后，本发明的噪音控制方法开始执行。具体如下：
1)从处于待机状态的室内机中选取设定数量的室内机。由于待机台数为5台，因此按照前述选取方法，从处于待机状态的5台室内机中选取1台匹数最大的室内机，如可以从两台匹数为3.0HP的客厅室内机中选取地址编码排位靠前的客厅室内机，并将该室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至88P，并且此后每分钟判断调节一次。
2)基于开机负荷率判断其余室内机的第二设定时间和最大设定开度。开机负荷率＝5HP/14HP＝35.7％，因此按照前述设定方法，第二设定时间设置为20min，最大设定开度设置为150P。由此，控制芯片控制其余室内机的膨胀阀以每关闭20min，开启1min(第三设定时间)的方式进行动作。其中，开启过程为：首先使膨胀阀的开度达到20P，之 后以每隔5秒增加20P的开阀速度进行开阀，直至膨胀阀开度达到150P停止开阀。
此外，为了增加多联式空调系统的安全性，防止在使用本控制方法时空调系统出现冷媒缺失的情况，在一种可能的实施方式中，本发明的噪音控制方法还可以设置如下步骤：
当任一室内机由运行状态切换为待机状态时，室外机的控制芯片使该室内机的膨胀阀在第四设定时间内以第二目标开度开启，并在持续第四设定时间后，将该室内机的状态切换为待机状态。例如，在某一室内机由制热运行切换为待机状态时，室外机的控制芯片强制该室内机所对应的膨胀阀在1min内保持350P的开度，以使该室内机中的冷媒在1min时间内充分回流，避免该室内机在进入待机状态时立即关闭膨胀阀而导致的冷媒堆积的问题。1min后，控制芯片使该室外机的状态切换为待机状态，使该室外机参与前述噪音控制方法的判定。
当室外机的压缩机排气温度不小于阈值温度、或者室外机所对应的膨胀阀的开度不小于阈值开度并持续第五设定时间时，使所有待机室内机所对应的膨胀阀同时在第六设定时间内以第三目标开度开启。例如，当室外机的压缩机排气温度达到或超过100℃，或者室外机所对应的膨胀阀的开度达到或超过400P并持续1min时，证明室外机的冷媒量出现缺失，此时将所有待机室内机所对应的膨胀阀同时开启到88P，以便让这些室内机管路中积攒的冷媒及时回流，避免冷媒缺失的情况出现，提高空调系统的安全性。
当然，上述两种控制方法中的具体参数仅仅是作为示例呈现，本领域技术人员可以根据实际的应用场景对其做出灵活调整，以提高空调系统的安全性能。
综上所述，采用上述噪音控制方法，本发明能够在制热室内机待机时，使处于待机状态的室内机中匹数较大的室内机所对应的膨胀阀保持较大的开度以接纳系统的冷媒，使匹数较小的室内机所对应的膨胀阀在绝大部分时间内保持关闭，以消除冷媒在这些室内机内流动产生的噪音，保证这些室内机所对应的卧室、书房等房间的安静。并且调节过程无需对空调系统的原有结构做出改动，节约了整机成本。也就是说，通过本发明的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，解决了现有技术中采用 更换大口径膨胀阀来解决制热室内机待机噪音的技术方案存在的效果差、成本高的问题，改善用户体验。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，所述多联式空调系统包括室外机和多个室内机，每个所述室内机都设置有膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述噪音控制方法包括如下步骤：
    在所述多联式空调系统的运行模式为制热模式时，获取所述制热模式的运行时间；
    在所述运行时间大于时间阈值时，将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度；同时控制所述处于待机状态的室内机中其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，所述第一目标开度大于该膨胀阀所对应的室内机处于待机状态时的基准保留开度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，“将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度”的步骤进一步包括：
    获取处于待机状态的室内机的数量和每个处于待机状态的室内机的匹数；
    基于所述数量和所述匹数，选取所述设定数量的室内机；
    将所述设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，“基于所述数量和所述匹数，选取所述设定数量的室内机”的步骤进一步包括：
    按照匹数由大到小的顺序，对所述数量的室内机进行排序；
    选取排列靠前的所述设定数量的室内机。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，在匹数相同时，按照室内机的地址编码进行排序。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，“将处于待机状态的室内机中设定数量的室内机所对应的膨胀阀的开度调节至第一目标开度”的步骤每隔第一设定时间执行一次。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，“控制处于待机状态的室内机中其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀间歇开启”的步骤进一步包括：
    检测所述其余室内机所对应的膨胀阀是否关闭，若是，则获取所述其余室内机的膨胀阀的关闭时间，并与第二设定时间比较；
    当所述关闭时间大于第二设定时间时，控制所述膨胀阀在第三设定时间内以设定的开阀速度开启；
    其中，第二设定时间大于第三设定时间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，在“控制所述膨胀阀在第三设定时间内以设定的开阀速度开启”的步骤之后，所述噪音控制方法还包括：
    在所述膨胀阀的开度达到最大设定开度时，使所述膨胀阀停止开启。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，所述第二设定时间和/或所述最大设定开度基于所述多联式空调系统的开机负荷率确定。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的多联式空调系统的噪音控制方法，其特征在于，所述开机负荷率等于处于开机状态的室内机的总匹数与所述多联式空调系统的室内机的总匹数的比值。
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