WO2019104926A1 - 一种模块化换向通风干燥机 - Google Patents

一种模块化换向通风干燥机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019104926A1
WO2019104926A1 PCT/CN2018/081691 CN2018081691W WO2019104926A1 WO 2019104926 A1 WO2019104926 A1 WO 2019104926A1 CN 2018081691 W CN2018081691 W CN 2018081691W WO 2019104926 A1 WO2019104926 A1 WO 2019104926A1
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air
air supply
drying
chamber body
rocker
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PCT/CN2018/081691
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谢焕雄
颜建春
魏海
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农业部南京农业机械化研究所
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Publication of WO2019104926A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019104926A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10Temperature; Pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers

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  • the invention relates to a dryer for agricultural products such as peanuts, in particular to a modular reversing air dryer, belonging to the technical field of agricultural drying equipment.
  • the existing drying equipment suitable for large particles such as peanuts which are easy to break and have poor fluidity, is mainly fixed bed ventilation and drying equipment, which consists of a drying box, a wind control pipe and a hot air blower.
  • the following problems are common in use: 1) The ventilation direction is single, and the air is only ventilated and dried from the bottom to the bottom. For the thicker materials, the vertical direction is obviously dry and uneven, and the bottom material is excessively dried and the top material is insufficiently dried.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide a modular reversing air dryer which can ensure the drying effect and is convenient for unloading and transportation in view of the main problems existing in the prior art described above.
  • the basic technical solution of the modular reversing air dryer of the present invention comprises: a drying tunnel formed by assembling at least two drying chamber modules, wherein the drying chamber module is opened by a bottom air passage of a top surface.
  • the bottom surface of the screen body is hingedly formed on one side of the screen body, and one end of the drying tunnel has lower and upper air supply openings respectively leading to the bottom air passage and the upper portion of the chamber body; the bottom surface of the bottom air passage and the top surface of the chamber body respectively
  • the air guiding mechanism is arranged at intervals along the air supply direction, and the air guiding mechanism adjacent to the air blowing port is formed by an adjustable angle double rocker air guiding plate, and the air guiding mechanism away from the air blowing port is guided by the adjustable angle hinge
  • the wind plate is configured; the top surface of the chamber body is an openable cover, and the lower part of the side adjacent to the bottom air passage and the chamber body is provided with an openable discharge door.
  • the invention can enter the air from the bottom air duct of the drying tunnel and return air to the upper part of the chamber body, the air in the upper part of the chamber body can be returned to the air in the bottom air duct, so that the direction of the dry air supply can be changed as appropriate, thereby avoiding excessive drying of the bottom material and the top material. Insufficient drying, at the same time, because the bottom surface of the bottom air duct and the top surface of the chamber body are respectively provided with air guiding mechanisms spaced along the air blowing direction, and the air guiding mechanisms can be adjusted to be small near the air supply opening angle and away from the air supply opening angle.
  • the modular structure avoids excessive volume of the drying tunnel, which greatly facilitates transportation and installation, and the hinge structure with the bottom allows the chamber body to be jacked up, so that materials with poor fluidity such as peanuts are dumped and discharged. Very convenient.
  • the drying tunnel is composed of three drying chamber modules of the front end, the middle end and the rear end by a fastening joint of the joint portion.
  • drying chamber module is composed of a pair of chambers that are fixed to each other.
  • the bottom air passage is a tubular structure with a rectangular cross section
  • the chamber body is a three-way structure in which the upper end is open at both ends and the lower bottom surface is provided with a screen.
  • the double rocker air deflector has a fixed bottom rod, and the two ends of the bottom rod respectively support the lower ends of the front rocker and the rear rocker, and the upper ends of the front rocker and the rear rocker respectively and the frame structure
  • the deflector is hinged.
  • the middle portion of the rear rocker is hinged to the protruding end of the electric push rod in the drying tunnel by the horizontal connecting rod and the bottom hinge.
  • the drying tunnel is formed by a uniform wind distribution in which the inclination angle of the deflector increases as the distance from the air supply opening becomes larger.
  • the upper air supply port and the lower air supply port of the drying tunnel are respectively connected to the inlet of the condensing heat exchanger through a control valve controlled by the corresponding outlet valve, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is passed through the fan.
  • the upper air supply port and the lower air supply port of the drying tunnel are respectively connected through a pipeline controlled by the corresponding air supply valve.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the ventilating working condition of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another structure of the ventilating condition of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the air guiding mechanism of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the structure of the air guiding mechanism of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the structure of the embodiment of Figure 1 in a dumped state.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the complete air supply and exhaust system of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the modular reversing air dryer of the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 , and the three drying chamber modules of the front end, the middle end and the rear end are assembled and fixed by the fastening joints 1-4 of the joint portion to form the entire drying. Road 1.
  • This modular structure is not only easy to transport and install, but also easy to mass-produce.
  • Each of the drying chamber modules is composed of a pair of chamber chambers which are fixed to each other, and the bottom air passage 1-2 having a top open surface and the side of the chamber body 1-1 having a bottom surface mesh are hinged by a hinge 1-3
  • the bottom air passage 1-2 is a tubular structure with a rectangular cross section
  • the chamber body 1-1 is a three-way structure with an upper end opening and a lower bottom surface provided with a screen.
  • the last end surface of the drying tunnel is closed, and one end of the drying tunnel has a bottom to the bottom.
  • the air duct 1-2 and the lower air supply port 1-D of the upper portion of the chamber body 1-1 and the upper air supply port 1-U are formed on the screen supported by the chamber body grille to form a material as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, as appropriate.
  • the bottom surface of the bottom air duct 1-2 and the top surface of the chamber body 1-1 are respectively provided with air guiding mechanisms 3 spaced apart in the air blowing direction, and the air guiding mechanism 3 adjacent to the air blowing port and the intermediate portion is provided.
  • the angle-adjusting double rocker air deflector is composed of a specific structure as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
  • the two sides respectively have a fixed bottom rod 3-2, and the two ends of the bottom rod 3-2 respectively support the front rocker 3-3.
  • the air guiding mechanism away from the air supply opening is composed of an adjustable angle hinged air guiding plate, and the structure thereof is not difficult to be combined with the drawing and is inferred by the structure of the double rocker air guiding plate, and will not be further described.
  • the electric push rod can be changed to change the tilt angle of each air deflector 3-1 as needed, wherein the tilt angle of the hinged air deflector is larger than that of the double rocker air deflector, so that the inclination angle of the deflector becomes larger as the distance from the air supply opening becomes larger. And the increasing reasonable uniform wind distribution.
  • the top surface of the chamber body 1-1 is an openable cover 1-6 for feeding, and the hinge position is away from the hinge side of the bottom air passage 1-2 and the chamber body 1-1, and the chamber body 1 -1
  • a lower side of the side of the bottom air duct and the chamber body is provided with spaced apart openable discharge doors 1-5, and the upper ends of the discharge doors are hinged to the side of the chamber body.
  • the middle ends of the drying chamber body are respectively hinged with the protruding end of the hydraulic push rod 4 whose lower end is hinged at the corresponding position of the bottom air passage. Therefore, by manipulating the hydraulic push rod, one side of the chamber body can be lifted up, so that a material having poor fluidity such as peanuts can be quickly dumped from the discharge door that is automatically opened under the action of its own weight.
  • the upper air supply port 1-U and the lower air supply port 1-U of the drying tunnel 1 are connected in parallel through the pipes controlled by the corresponding 3# and 2# outlet valves, respectively, and then connected through the main control 6# valve.
  • the inlet IN of the heat pump condensing heat exchanger EX, the outlet OUT of the heat exchanger passes through the fan F and then passes through the upper air supply port 1-U of the drying tunnel 1 through the pipeline controlled by the corresponding 4# and 1# air supply valves And the lower air supply port 1-U, thereby not only forming a valve switching, but also changing the airflow direction of the return air direction as needed, and preheating the air supply airflow by utilizing the high temperature of the exhaust air, thereby achieving energy saving purposes.
  • the upper and lower reversing ventilation drying measures can firstly dry the material layer from bottom to top. After the material layer has obvious water difference in the vertical direction, adjust the damper to change the ventilation direction, and then dry the material layer from top to bottom, and repeat the cycle until Drying is over. In the post-drying stage, the air exiting the material layer still has a higher temperature and lower humidity, which can recover the waste heat in the exhaust gas, reducing the drying energy consumption and economic cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种模块化换向通风干燥机,包括由至少二个烘干室模块拼合而成的烘道(1),烘干室模块由顶面敞开的底部风道(1-2)与底面为筛网的室体(1-1)一侧铰接而成,烘道(1)的一端具有分别通往底部风道(1-2)以及室体(1-1)上部的下、上送风口(1-D;1-U);底部风道(1-2)的底面和室体(1-1)的顶面分别装有沿送风方向间隔分布的导风机构(3),邻近送风口的导风机构(3)由可调角度双摇杆导风板构成,远离送风口的导风机构(3)由可调角度铰支导风板(3-1)构成;室体(1-1)的顶面为可开启箱盖(1-6),且邻近铰接的侧面下部装有可开启卸料门(1-5)。该干燥机避免底部物料过度干燥而顶部物料干燥不充分的现象,保证了干燥质量。并且大大方便了运输、安装,使花生之类流动性差的物料被倾倒卸料,十分方便。

Description

一种模块化换向通风干燥机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种花生等农产品的干燥机,尤其是一种模块化换向通风干燥机,属于农用烘干设备技术领域。
背景技术
据申请人了解,适用于花生等大颗粒、易破损且流动性差的物料收获后的现有干燥设备主要为固定床通风干燥设备,由烘干箱体、控风管道、热风机组成。使用中普遍存在如下问题:1)通风方向单一,仅从下向上通风干燥,对于堆得较厚的物料竖直方向明显干燥不均匀,往往出现底部物料过度干燥而顶部物料干燥不充分的现象,不仅影响干燥后物料品质,还容易产生霉变、虫蛀;2)风场分布均匀性差,物料在水平方向也存在干燥不均匀现象;3)体积庞大,不仅运输、安装不便,且适应性差;4)由于花生之类的物料流动性差,因此卸料困难,往往需要配置复杂的卸料机构;5)热量浪费严重,能耗成本高昂。
发明内容
本发明的首要目的在于:针对上述现有技术存在的主要问题,提出一种可以确保干燥效果、并且卸料及运输均十分方便的模块化换向通风干燥机。
为达到上述目的,本发明模块化换向通风干燥机基本技术方案为:包括由至少二个烘干室模块拼合而成的烘道,所述烘干室模块由顶面敞开的底部风道与底面为筛网的室体一侧铰接而成,所述烘道的一端具有分别通往底部风道以及室体上部的下、上送风口;所述底部风道的底面和室体的顶面分别装有沿送风方向间隔分布的导风机构,邻近所述送风口的导风机构由可调角度双摇杆导风板构成,远离所述送风口的导风机构由可调角度铰支导风板构成;所述室体的顶面为可开启箱盖,且邻近底部风道与室体铰接的侧面下部装有可开启卸料门。
由于本发明即可由烘道底部风道进风、室体上部回风,可以室体上部进风、底部风道回风,因此可以酌情变换干燥送风方向,从而避免底部物料过度干燥而顶部物料干燥不充分的现象,同时由于底部风道的底面和室体的顶面分别装有沿送风方向间隔分布的导风机构,并且这些导风机构可以邻近送风口角度调小、远离送风口角度调大的方式使得整个烘道长度方向的风场分布均匀,从而保证了物料不仅在高度方向、而且在水平方向都干燥均匀,保证了干燥质量。此外,模块化的结构避免了烘道体积过大,大大方便了运输、安装,而与底部的铰接结构使得室体一侧可以顶起,从而使花生之类流动性差的物料被倾倒卸料,十分方便。
进一步,所述烘道由前端、中间、后端三个烘干室模块通过结合部位的紧固连接件 拼合固连构成。
进一步,所述烘干室模块由对合固连的一对室腔构成。
进一步,所述底部风道为矩形截面的管状结构,所述室体为上部两端开口、下部底面设置筛网的三通结构。
进一步,所述双摇杆导风板具有固定的底杆,所述底杆两端分别铰支前摇杆和后摇杆的下端,所述前摇杆和后摇杆的上端分别与框架结构的导风板铰接。
进一步,所述后摇杆中部通过水平连接杆与底部铰支在烘道内的电动推杆的伸出端铰接。
进一步,所述烘道被形成导流板倾角随至送风口距离变大而渐增的均风分布。
进一步,所述烘道的上送风口和下送风口分别通过受控于相应出风阀门的管路并联后再通过总控阀门接冷凝换热器的进口,所述换热器的出口经风机后分别通过受控于相应送风阀门的管路接烘道的上送风口和下送风口。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1是本发明一个实施例的立体结构示意图。
图2是图1实施例的通风工况之一结构示意图。
图3是图1实施例的通风工况另一结构示意图。
图4是图1实施例的剖视结构示意图。
图5是图1实施例的导风机构结构示意图。
图6是图1实施例的导风机构立体结构示意图。
图7是图1实施例倾倒状态的立体结构示意图。
图8是图1实施例完整的送排风系统示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例的模块化换向通风干燥机如图1和图7所示,由前端、中间、后端三个烘干室模块通过结合部位的紧固连接件1-4拼合固连构成整个烘道1。这种模块化的结构不仅运输、安装均十分方便,而且也容易批量化制造。每个烘干室模块由对合固连的一对室腔构成,具有顶面敞开的底部风道1-2与底面为筛网的室体1-1一侧通过铰链1-3铰接而成,底部风道1-2为矩形截面的管状结构,室体1-1为上部两端开口、下部底面设置筛网的三通结构,烘道最后端面封闭,烘道的一端具有分别通往底部风道1-2以及室体1-1上部的下送风口1-D以及 上送风口1-U,从而在室体格栅支撑的筛网上堆积物料后形成图2、图3所示可以酌情上、下送、回风切换的结构,避免底部物料过度干燥而顶部物料干燥不充分。
如图4所示,底部风道1-2的底面和室体1-1的顶面分别装有沿送风方向间隔分布的导风机构3,邻近送风口以及中间段的导风机构3由可调角度双摇杆导风板构成,其具体结构如图5和图6所示,两侧分别具有固定的底杆3-2,底杆3-2两端分别铰支前摇杆3-3和后摇杆3-4的下端,前摇杆3-3和后摇杆3-4的上端分别与框架结构的导风板3-1铰接,其中两侧的后摇杆3-4中部通过水平的连接杆3-5固连,该连接杆3-5的中部与底部铰支在烘道内的电动推杆2的伸出端铰接。远离送风口的导风机构由可调角度铰支导风板构成,其结构不难结合附图并通过双摇杆导风板的结构推知,不另赘述。因此,操控电动推杆可以按需改变各导风板3-1的倾斜角度,其中铰支导风板的倾角大于双摇杆导风板,从而形成导流板倾角随至送风口距离变大而渐增的合理均风分布。
如图7所示,室体1-1的顶面为可开启箱盖1-6,便于进料,其铰接位置远离底部风道1-2与室体1-1的铰接侧,室体1-1邻近底部风道与室体铰接的侧面下部装有间隔分布的可开启卸料门1-5,各卸料门的上端通过铰链装在室体侧面。烘道室体的两端中部分别与下端铰支在底部风道对应位置的液压推杆4的伸出端铰接。因此,通过操控液压推杆,可以使室体一侧被顶起,使花生之类流动性差的物料被快速从在自重作用下自动开启的卸料门倾倒卸料。
如图8所示,烘道1的上送风口1-U和下送风口1-U分别通过受控于相应3#和2#出风阀门的管路并联后再通过总控6#阀门接热泵式冷凝换热器EX的进口IN,该换热器的出口OUT经风机F后分别通过受控于相应4#和1#送风阀门的管路接烘道1的上送风口1-U和下送风口1-U,从而不仅构成通过阀门切换,可以按需改变送回风方向的风道,而且可以利用排风的高温将送风气流预热,从而达到节能目的。
实验证明,本实施例上、下风道的匀风机构可保证空气进入物料层时均匀分布。采用上、下换向通风干燥措施可以先从下至上干燥物料层,待物料层在垂向出现较明显水分差后,调节风阀改变通风方向,再从上至下干燥物料层,循环反复直至干燥结束。在干燥中后阶段,排出物料层的空气仍然有较高的温度和较低的湿度,可以回收废气中的余热,降低干燥能耗和经济成本。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种模块化换向通风干燥机,包括由至少二个烘干室模块拼合而成的烘道,所述烘干室模块由顶面敞开的底部风道与底面为筛网的室体一侧铰接而成,所述烘道的一端具有分别通往底部风道以及室体上部的下、上送风口;所述底部风道的底面和室体的顶面分别装有沿送风方向间隔分布的导风机构,邻近所述送风口的导风机构由可调角度双摇杆导风板构成,远离所述送风口的导风机构由可调角度铰支导风板构成;所述室体的顶面为可开启箱盖,且邻近底部风道与室体铰接的侧面下部装有可开启卸料门。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述烘道由前端、中间、后端三个烘干室模块通过结合部位的紧固连接件拼合固连构成。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述烘干室模块由对合固连的一对室腔构成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述底部风道为矩形截面的管状结构,所述室体为上部两端开口、下部底面设置筛网的三通结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述双摇杆导风板具有固定的底杆,所述底杆两端分别铰支前摇杆和后摇杆的下端,所述前摇杆和后摇杆的上端分别与框架结构的导风板铰接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述后摇杆中部通过水平连接杆与底部铰支在烘道内的电动推杆的伸出端铰接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述烘道被形成导流板倾角随至送风口距离变大而渐增的均风分布。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的模块化换向通风干燥机,其特征在于:所述烘道的上送风口和下送风口分别通过受控于相应出风阀门的管路并联后再通过总控阀门接冷凝换热器的进口,所述换热器的出口经风机后分别通过受控于相应送风阀门的管路接烘道的上送风口和下送风口。
PCT/CN2018/081691 2017-11-29 2018-04-03 一种模块化换向通风干燥机 WO2019104926A1 (zh)

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