WO2019104851A4 - 一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物及制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2019104851A4
WO2019104851A4 PCT/CN2018/073231 CN2018073231W WO2019104851A4 WO 2019104851 A4 WO2019104851 A4 WO 2019104851A4 CN 2018073231 W CN2018073231 W CN 2018073231W WO 2019104851 A4 WO2019104851 A4 WO 2019104851A4
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hydroxybutyryl
group
synthetic route
ethyl ester
ester hydrochloride
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French (fr)
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WO2019104851A2 (zh
WO2019104851A3 (zh
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刘成
张红雨
孙光辉
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刘成
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of compounds, in particular to a ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid compound, a preparation method and application thereof.
  • ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate was originally thought to be a substance that is simply metabolized by human body fat. Usually, when the body is fasting, prolonged overload exercise, or chronic lack of carbohydrates, body glucose Far from meeting the needs of the substrate, the liver uses the fatty acid metabolism of the human fat store to acetyl-CoA, which is then metabolized to BHB.
  • BHB ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate
  • the small molecule endogenous substance exhibits various strange properties in the human body, such as weight loss - promoting fat metabolism (WO2004108740), anti-aging - histone protease Inhibitors (Tadahiro Shimazu, et al.
  • BHB acts more as a molecular signal function, adjusting the information transmission between the substrate and the external environment, and adjusting the information transmission inside and outside the cell, thus completing many characteristics of life.
  • the human body can get three major nutrients from the common diet, namely carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Carbohydrates enter the human body and turn into glucose, maintaining the body's metabolic function and daily activities, accounting for about 65% of the average daily calorie intake. Only when the body has insufficient glucose or fasting, the gluconeogenesis is strengthened, and the liver metabolizes fatty acids to produce a large amount of BHB. According to medical research and statistics, BHB levels in human plasma and tissues are normally maintained at around 0.1 mM (Robinson, AM.
  • BHB in human blood reaches a nutritional ketogenic state
  • BHB is very unstable in the human body. Whether it is the introduction of BHB or BHB salt, it will not only cause great damage in the digestive system of the stomach, but also cause low bioavailability, and also cause different doses due to the differentiation of each human body. The effect is different; at the same time, BHB can not be used for routine injection, which is easy to cause endotosis ketoacidosis, which limits the application of BHB.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid compound, which can be confirmed in the human body by mouse experiments, cell experiments and safety evaluation.
  • Each of R 1 to R 10 is selected from a side chain group of an ⁇ -amino acid.
  • each of R 1 to R 10 is selected from a side chain group of an ⁇ -amino acid
  • the ⁇ -amino acid may be alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, or valley.
  • An amino acid having two amino groups, such as lysine has a terminal amino group ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylation and a double ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylation of two amino groups.
  • the structural formula of the ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid compound of the present invention can also be written as Wherein (R)n is an ⁇ -amino acid or a polypeptide chain obtained by polycondensation of an ⁇ -amino acid.
  • a method for preparing a ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid compound, when synthesizing a compound of the formula I, comprises the steps of:
  • the structural formula of the intermediate 3 is The Protective group is an amino acid protecting group, and refers to a group that protects other reactive groups such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and an amino group other than the amino group of the reaction site;
  • the intermediate 3.1 and the compound 2 are subjected to a condensation reaction to obtain an intermediate 3.2, wherein the structural formula of the compound is The structural formula of the intermediate 3.2 is
  • the intermediate 3.2 is repeatedly subjected to a hydrolysis reaction and subjected to a condensation reaction with the compound n to obtain an intermediate 3.x, wherein the structural formula of the compound n is n is a natural number of 3-10, and the structural formula of 3.x is
  • n 1-10; for the selected protected amino acid chain, the number of amino acids is 1-10; the amino acid species are alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamine Acid, histidine, isoleucine, glycine, asparagine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, serine, threonine, tryptophan, casein
  • the protective group is an amino acid protecting group, and refers to a group protecting a reactive group such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group or an amino group other than the amino group of the reaction site on the amino acid segment.
  • amino acid species are alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, glycine, asparagine , leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, proline;
  • the protective group is an amino acid protecting group Refers to a group that protects other reactive groups such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, or an amino group other than the amino group of the reaction site on the amino acid segment.
  • the macromolecular ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl pseudopolypeptide is preferably prepared by condensation of a polypeptide protected by a small molecule ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl pseudopolypeptide and a reactive group.
  • a suitable solvent for the step (1) is dichloromethane.
  • the deprotecting agent is tetrabutylammonium fluoride.
  • the present invention relates to a compound for use as a medicament as described above.
  • the present invention also contemplates a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-described compound as an active ingredient in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant, diluent or carrier.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be suitable for oral, intravenous, topical, intraperitoneal, nasal, buccal, sublingual or subcutaneous administration or for application via the respiratory tract, for example as an aerosol. Or airborne fine powder form.
  • the composition may be in the form of, for example, a tablet, a capsule, a powder, a granule, a granule, a syrup, a suspension, a solution, a transdermal patch or a suppository.
  • composition according to the invention may optionally comprise two or more of the compounds described above.
  • compositions may optionally comprise, for example, at least one additional additive selected from the group consisting of disintegrants, binders, lubricants, flavoring agents, preservatives, colorants, and any mixtures thereof.
  • the compound can be used as a new raw material for cosmetics, and can obviously improve the elasticity of the skin and has an anti-aging effect.
  • the compounds of the invention may also be converted into each other by reactions or functional groups known in the art.
  • reference to a particular compound also includes, for example, the ionic forms, salts, solvates, isomers, tautomers, esters, prodrugs, isotopes, and protected forms thereof discussed below; preferably in its ionic form or a salt or a tautomer or an isomer or an N-oxide or solvate; more preferably an ionic form or a salt or a tautomer or solvate or protected form thereof, even more preferably a salt or a tautomer thereof Isomer or solvate.
  • the compound of formula I-X can exist in the form of a salt.
  • the compounds of the formula I-X of the present invention may form the corresponding salts with inorganic or organic bases, all such salts being within the scope of the invention, and the reference to the compounds of formulas I-X, including the salt forms of the compounds.
  • Reference to “derivatives” includes reference to ionic forms, salts, solvates, isomers, tautomers, esters, prodrugs, isotopes, and protected forms thereof.
  • One aspect of the invention provides a compound as defined herein, or a salt, ester, tautomer or solvate thereof, and another aspect provides a compound as defined herein, or a salt or solvate thereof. Salts or solvates or tautomers of the compounds of the formula I-X as defined by the present invention and their subclasses are included.
  • the salt form of the compounds of the invention is typically a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • a non-pharmaceutically acceptable salt can also be prepared in the form of an intermediate which can then be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • Such non-pharmaceutically acceptable salts which may be used, for example, to purify or isolate a compound of the invention, also form part of the invention.
  • the salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the parent compound containing a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods.
  • the salts can generally be prepared by reacting the free acid or base form of these compounds with a suitable base or acid in water or in an organic solvent or in a mixture of the two; typically using a nonaqueous medium such as diethyl ether, acetic acid Ethyl ester, ethanol, isopropanol or acetonitrile.
  • a nonaqueous medium such as diethyl ether, acetic acid Ethyl ester, ethanol, isopropanol or acetonitrile.
  • the compounds of the invention may exist as a mono- or di-salt depending on the pKa of the acid from which the salt is formed.
  • Acid addition salts can be formed with a wide variety of cations (both inorganic cations and organic cations). Examples of suitable inorganic cations include, but are not limited to, alkali metal ions (e.g., Na+ and K+), alkaline earth metal cations (e.g., Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ), and other cations (e.g., A1 3+ ).
  • Suitable organic cations include, but are not limited to, ammonium ions (NH 4+ ) and substituted ammonium ions (eg, NH 3 R+, NH 2 R 2 +, NHR 3 +, NR 4 +).
  • suitable substituted ammonium ions are ammonium ions derived from the following compounds: ethylamine, diethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, triethylamine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperazine, benzyl.
  • An example of a commonly used quaternary ammonium ion is N(CH 3 ) 4+ .
  • the compounds of the invention may form solvates with water (i.e., hydrates) or common organic solvents.
  • solvate as used herein means a physical association of a compound of the invention with one or more solvent molecules. This physical association involves varying degrees of ionic and covalent bonding, including hydrogen bonding. In some cases, such as when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated into the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid, the solvate will be capable of separating. Solvates include both solution phases and isolatable solvates.
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable solvates include combinations of the compounds of the invention with water, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, DMSO, ethyl acetate, acetic acid or ethanolamine, and the like. When the compound of the present invention is in solution, it exerts its biological action.
  • Solvates are widely used in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and are widely used.
  • the important role of the preparation of the compound (for example, its purification), the preservation of the compound (for example, its stability), and the post-treatment of the compound are often important steps in the separation or purification stage of chemical synthesis.
  • One skilled in the art can determine whether a hydrate or other solvate is formed by separation or purification conditions used to prepare the specified compound by standard and long-term employed techniques. Examples of such techniques include thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray crystallographic detection (eg, single crystal X-ray crystallography or X-ray powder diffraction), and solid state NMR (SS) - NMR or MAS-NMR).
  • TGA thermogravimetric analysis
  • DSC differential scanning calorimetry
  • X-ray crystallographic detection eg, single crystal X-ray crystallography or X-ray powder diffraction
  • SS solid state NMR
  • Formula I-X also includes any complex of the compound (e.g., an inclusion complex or clathrate with a compound (e.g., cyclodextrin), or a complex with a metal ion).
  • the compounds of the invention may have one or more polymorph (crystalline) or amorphous forms, and are also included within the scope of the invention.
  • the compounds of formula I-X can exist in a variety of different geometric isomers and tautomeric forms, and all such forms are included when referring to compounds of formula I-X. To avoid ambiguity, when a compound is present in one of several geometric or tautomeric forms and only one of them is specifically described or shown, all other forms are also included in Formulas I-X.
  • a compound of formula I-X contains one or more chiral centers and two or more optical isomers are present
  • reference to a compound of formula I-X includes all optical isomer forms thereof (eg, enantiomers, Epimers and diastereomers, either as a single optical isomer, or as a mixture of two or more optical isomers (eg, a racemic mixture), unless the context requires otherwise.
  • Optical isomers can be characterized and characterized by their optical activity (i.e., characterized and characterized by the + and - isomers or the D and L isomers).
  • the optical isomers can be separated by a variety of techniques including chiral chromatography (chiral chromatography).
  • one of the enantiomers of one pair may exhibit an advantage over the other enantiomer, for example in terms of biological activity.
  • the present invention provides a composition
  • a composition comprising a compound of formula (I) having one or more chiral centers, wherein at least 55% (eg, at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90) % or 95%) of the compound of formula I-X is present as a single optical isomer (eg, an enantiomer or a diastereomer).
  • 99% or more (e.g., substantially all) of the total amount of the compound of formula (I) may exist as a single optical isomer (e.g., an enantiomer or a diastereomer).
  • the isomeric form is substantially free of other isomers, ie, the isomeric form is in accordance with the invention At least 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or more (e.g., substantially all) of the total amount of the compound is present.
  • the compounds of the present invention include compounds having one or more isotopic substitutions, for example, the site of the compound of formula (I) involving hydrogen may be 1H, 2H(D), 3H(T) or any combination of the three;
  • the site involving carbon in the X compound may be 12C, 13C, 14C or any combination of the three; the site of the compound of formula (I) involving oxygen may be 16O, 17O and 18O.
  • the isotopes involved in the I-X compound may be radioactive or non-radioactive.
  • Such radioisotope-containing compounds can be used in medical human metabolism for molecular tracing, or medical diagnosis, medical testing, and the like. For use in therapeutic use, compounds containing no radioisotopes are preferred.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be formulated in a single drug form or a combination of multiple compound drugs for use as or in various drugs, health foods, and cosmetics.
  • the invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more additional pharmaceutical agents and a compound of the invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a compound of the invention in a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting tumor cell growth in a single pharmaceutical form or in combination with a plurality of compounds.
  • the present invention also relates to a product comprising the compound of the present invention as a first active ingredient and one or more anticancer drugs as other active ingredients, which are used as a combined preparation for simultaneous, separate or sequential treatment in a patient suffering from cancer Use.
  • the additional one or more other agents and the compounds of the invention may be combined simultaneously (e.g., in separate compositions or in a single composition) or in any order.
  • the preferred method of administration and sequence and the different doses of the components of the composition are selected according to different conditions, different tumors, and different subjects' physical constitution, thereby ensuring a favorable condition or synergistic effect on the condition.
  • the optimal method of administration, sequence and dosage can be readily determined by one of ordinary skill in the art using routine methods and in accordance with the information provided herein.
  • One or more of the patented compounds of the present invention may be used by those skilled in the art, and one or more of the compounds of the present invention may be used in combination with one or more other anticancer drugs, depending on the condition of the person to be treated and the condition to be treated.
  • the severity, the age, weight, sex, diet, time of administration and general physical condition of the patient to be treated, the mode of administration, and other drugs that the individual may be using are comprehensively judged to give the stated ratio and exact dose and Dosing frequency, etc.
  • the effective daily amount can be lowered or increased depending on the response of the subject or the evaluation of the physician prescribing the compound of the invention.
  • the ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid compound of the present invention can provide BHB and various amino acids to mammals (including humans) stably and stably, and is characterized by persistence and stability, and maintains the blood ketone of mammals (including humans) greatly. Promotes healthy metabolism of fat in mammals, balances body functions, increases immunity and enhances disease prevention. According to relevant animal experiments, the invented compounds can be metabolized into BHB, amino acid (or small molecule active peptide) and a small amount of pseudopeptide metabolites in the human body, and have a metabolic half-life of 4-6 hours in the human body, which is safe, non-toxic and has no side effects.
  • the BHB can be stably released in the mammal first, and the current bioavailability of the BHB salt directly in the human body is overcome; secondly, the injection can be directly performed, and the BHB or BHB salt is directly injected. It is easy to cause the drawbacks of ketoacidosis, which greatly expands its application range; then, while releasing BHB, it is also metabolized into various amino acids in mammals to meet the basic needs of mammals; finally, it can be applied to different applications. Different amino acids can be selected for combination, and the combined drugs can meet the needs of special populations.
  • the I-X series compound of the present invention can not only promote mammals to enter ketosis, but also meet the needs of various amino acids of the human body, and its potential application value and application fields are very wide. For example, in particular, anti-inflammatory and repair of postoperative surgery, anti-aging products for the elderly, cancer prevention and Alzheimer's disease have great potential application value.
  • the salts of the compounds of the present invention for example, the calcium salts and magnesium of the compounds of the present series, can be used as related products, and the corresponding trace elements are supplemented to mammals (including humans) by a combination of one or more compounds of the series. It has a corresponding effect on calcium supplementation in the exercise population and prevention of osteoporosis in the elderly.
  • This patent demonstrates by some examples that the IX series of compounds of the present invention can greatly improve hyperlipidemia, promote fat metabolism, regulate human microcirculation, treat epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease, and in the field of treatment or anti-cancer. Better efficacy.
  • the IX series compound of the present invention may optionally be composed of different single compound salts or a plurality of different compound salts, and the salts thereof are mainly sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium (other salts are also protected), Overcome the symptoms of discomfort entering ketosis.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing changes in plasma concentration of ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate in blood after oral administration of ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate in rats of Example D1 of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing changes in plasma concentrations of ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate and ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylglutamate in blood after oral administration of ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylglutamic acid in rats of Example D1 of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the body weight of different groups of mice of Example D2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a comparison of three groups of data of a mouse control group, a atorvastatin calcium control group and a high fat model in Example D5 of the present invention
  • Example D5 is a comparison diagram of three groups of data of a mouse control group, a atorvastatin calcium control group and a high fat model in Example D5 of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a comparison diagram of three groups of data of a mouse HDL-C control group, an atorvastatin calcium control group and a high fat model in Example D5 of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a comparison of the blank control group of mouse LDL-C, the atorvastatin calcium control group and the high fat model in the D5 of the present invention.
  • Ethyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate (132 g, 1 mol) and imidazole (136 g, 2 mol) were dissolved in 200 mL of dichloromethane, cooled to 0-5 ° C, and tert-butyldimethylchlorosilane (195.8 g, 1.3 mol) was dissolved. 200 mL of dichloromethane was added dropwise to the reaction solution, and after completion of the dropwise addition, the ice bath was removed, and the reaction was allowed to proceed overnight at room temperature. After monitoring the reaction by gas chromatography, the reaction was quenched by adding water.
  • the reaction solution is cooled, the ethanol is rotated off, the aqueous phase is extracted with dichloromethane to remove impurities, and then the pH is adjusted to 1-2 with dilute hydrochloric acid, and the aqueous phase is extracted 2-3 times with 50 mL of dichloromethane, and the organic phases are combined.
  • the mixture was dried and concentrated to give crude t-butyl dimethylsilyl ether. Distillation under reduced pressure gave 167 g of a colorless, transparent liquid, which was a crude product of tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, purity 99%, yield 76.6%.
  • the concentrated solution after the condensation was dissolved in 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 1 equivalent of tetrabutylammonium fluoride was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and then quenched with water, the tetrahydrofuran was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the aqueous phase was extracted three times with 30 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phases were combined, washed once with 30 mL of saturated sodium chloride and concentrated. The concentrate was added with 1 equivalent of 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the pH was maintained at 7-8, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 67.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 62.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and aspartic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride with reference to the synthetic route of Example A1 in a yield of 58.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 54.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 64.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 48.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 68.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and serine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 63.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from a 2-fold amount of the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and lysine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 43.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and tyrosine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 23.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be carried out by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1, by reacting the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid with t-butoxycarbonyl-protected histidine ethyl ester hydrochloride and removing it with 1 M dilute hydrochloric acid.
  • the tert-butoxycarbonyl group was prepared and prepared in a yield of 24.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and threonine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 33.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be carried out by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1, by reacting the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid with t-butoxycarbonyl-protected threonine ethyl ester hydrochloride, and removing it with 1 M dilute hydrochloric acid.
  • the tert-butoxycarbonyl group was prepared and prepared in a yield of 33.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be carried out by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1, by reacting the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid with benzyloxycarbonyl-protected arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride, and removing it by catalytic hydrogenation.
  • the benzyloxycarbonyl group was prepared and prepared in a yield of 23.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 30.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and asparagine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 30.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example A1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and asparagine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 30.5%.
  • the concentrate was added with 1 equivalent of 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the pH was maintained at 7-8, stirred for 1 h, washed once with 20 mL of dichloromethane, and then adjusted to pH 2-3 with 1 M diluted hydrochloric acid, then each with 50 mL of dichloromethane The mixture was extracted three times, and the combined organic layers were dried and concentrated to give a pale-yellow oil as a tert-butyldimethylsilyl-protected ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-phenylalanine pseudodipeptide.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride. 48.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 38.0%. .
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 41.3. %.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 47.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 36.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 46.7%. .
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride. 40.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 41.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 35.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 49.1. %.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 31.3. %.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 48.6. %.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride. 47.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride and leucine ethyl ester hydrochloride. 56.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and leucine ethyl ester hydrochloride and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 58.3. %.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 59.3%. .
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by the condensation of the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and the serine ethyl ester hydrochloride in the same manner as in the synthetic route of Example B1, and the yield is 39.2%.
  • the lysine ethyl ester hydrochloride of the terminal amino group protected with t-butoxycarbonyl group is reacted with the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, and then with C.
  • the ethyl ester hydrochloride was reacted and the tert-butoxycarbonyl group was removed with 1 M of dilute hydrochloric acid to give a yield of 33.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and glutamine ethyl ester hydrochloride and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride. 23.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and asparagine ethyl ester hydrochloride and serine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 23.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1 from the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride in a yield of 23.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by referring to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride, the yield is 20.2. %.
  • the concentrate was added with 1 equivalent of 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the pH was maintained at 7-8, stirred for 1 h, washed once with 20 mL of dichloromethane, and then adjusted to pH 2-3 with 1 M diluted hydrochloric acid, then each with 50 mL of dichloromethane The mixture was extracted three times, and the combined organic layers were dried and concentrated to give a pale-yellow oil as a tert-butyldimethylsilyl-protected ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanine pseudodipeptide.
  • the concentrate was added with 1 equivalent of 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the pH was maintained at 7-8, stirred for 1 h, the reaction solution was washed three times with 20 mL of dichloromethane, then the pH was adjusted to 2-3 with 1 M diluted hydrochloric acid, and 50 mL of dichloro The methane was extracted three times, and the organic phase was combined and dried to give an off-white solid, which was recrystallized from ethanol/acetone to give a white solid 1.9 g, which is a ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-phenylalanyl-glutamate pseudotripeptide sodium salt. The yield was 57.4%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, valine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester salt.
  • the acid salt was prepared in a yield of 46.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, valine ethyl ester hydrochloride and isoleucine Ethyl acetate hydrochloride was prepared in a yield of 41.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine.
  • Ethyl acetate hydrochloride was prepared in a yield of 28.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and isoleucine ethyl ester hydrochloride, glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and leucine ethyl ester.
  • the hydrochloride salt was prepared in a yield of 23.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride, alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride. Preparation, yield 28.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glutamic acid ethyl ester salt. Acid salt preparation, yield 28.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and leucine ethyl ester hydrochloride, valine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glutamic acid
  • the ester hydrochloride salt was prepared in a yield of 28.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be prepared by the condensation of the intermediate tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and the serine ethyl ester hydrochloride in the same manner as in the synthetic route of Example C1, and the yield is 19.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine ethyl ester.
  • the hydrochloride salt was prepared in a yield of 19.3%.
  • the lysine ethyl ester hydrochloride of the terminal amino group protected with t-butoxycarbonyl group is reacted with the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, and then with C.
  • the ethyl ester hydrochloride and the glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride were reacted, and the tert-butoxycarbonyl group was removed with 1 M dilute hydrochloric acid in a yield of 16.8%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and asparagine ethyl ester hydrochloride and serine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glutamine ethyl ester salt.
  • the acid salt was prepared in a yield of 13.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, protected by the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and methionine ethyl ester hydrochloride and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride and tert-butoxycarbonyl.
  • the tryptophan ethyl ester hydrochloride was reacted, and the tert-butoxycarbonyl group was removed with 1 M of dilute hydrochloric acid to give a yield of 13.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and valine ethyl ester hydrochloride and glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester salt.
  • the acid salt was prepared in a yield of 14.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example B1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and asparagine ethyl ester hydrochloride and serine ethyl ester hydrochloride and phenylalanine hydrochloride. Salt preparation, yield 13.2%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and phenylalanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, glutamic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride, alanine Ethyl acetate hydrochloride, leucine ethyl ester hydrochloride was prepared in a yield of 18.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C1, from the intermediate t-butyldimethylsilyl ether ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid and alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride, valine ethyl ester hydrochloride, isoleucine Ethyl acetate hydrochloride and glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride were prepared in a yield of 19.3%.
  • tert-Butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-isoleucine pseudotripeptide (2.01 g, 0.005 mol)
  • phenylalaninyl-glutamyl-serine ethyl ester (2.19 g, 0.005 mol)
  • 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (0.06 g, 0.0005 mol) was added to 50 mL of dichloromethane, and triethylamine (0.6 g, 0.006 mol) was added and stirred for 20 minutes.
  • N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbimide (1.65 g, 0.0075 mol) was dissolved in 20 mL of dichloromethane, and the mixture was added dropwise to the reaction mixture. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h, suction filtered, and the filtrate was washed twice with 50 mL of water. Wash twice with 20 mL of 0.1 M dilute hydrochloric acid, wash once with 20 mL of saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and wash once with 20 mL of saturated aqueous sodium chloride.
  • the concentrate was added with 1 equivalent of 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the pH was maintained at 7-8, stirred for 1 h, the reaction solution was washed three times with 20 mL of dichloromethane, and the aqueous phase was diluted with hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 6 and extracted with 20 mL of dichloromethane. 3 times, dry and concentrated, ethanol/acetone recrystallization to obtain 2.1 g of white solid, which is ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-isoleucine-phenylalanyl-glutamyl-serine pseudohexapeptide, yield 73.7%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-alanyl-leucine pseudopentapeptide and tyrosyl- Preparation of asparagine ethyl ester, yield 68.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-prolyl-isoleucyl-glycine pseudopentapeptide and lysyl-threonine.
  • the acid dipeptide ethyl ester was prepared in a yield of 54.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-isoleusyl-phenylalanyl-glutamyl-serine pseudohexapeptide and cheese. Preparation of aminoacyl-asparagine ethyl ester in a yield of 54.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-alanyl-leucine pseudopentapeptide and tyrosyl- Asparagine-alanine tripeptide ethyl ester was prepared in a yield of 48.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-prolyl-isoleucyl-glycine pseudopentapeptide and lysyl-threonine.
  • the acyl-alanine tripeptide ethyl ester was prepared in a yield of 44.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-isoleusyl-phenylalanyl-glutamyl-serine pseudohexapeptide and cheese. Preparation of aminoacyl-asparagine-alanine tripeptide ethyl ester in a yield of 44.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-alanyl-leucine pseudopentapeptide and tyrosyl- Preparation of asparagine-alanyl-glutamine tetrapeptide ethyl ester in a yield of 38.5%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-prolyl-isoleucyl-glycine pseudopentapeptide and lysyl-threonine.
  • the acyl-alanyl-glutamine tetrapeptide ethyl ester was prepared in a yield of 44.3%.
  • the synthetic route can be referred to the synthetic route of Example C18, from tert-butyldimethylsilyl ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanyl-isoleusyl-phenylalanyl-glutamyl-serine pseudohexapeptide and cheese. Preparation of aminoacyl-asparagine-alanyl-glutamine tetrapeptide ethyl ester in a yield of 54.5%.
  • the ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl pseudo dipeptide is mainly metabolized in the body to amino acids and ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid, and the bioavailability of ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl pseudodipeptide is higher than that of ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate by more than 40%.
  • ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylglutamic acid rats were orally administered with ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate and ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylglutamate at 1 mol/kg, and the plasma concentration was determined by liquid chromatography.
  • the blood plasma ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate concentration curve after oral administration of ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate is shown in Figure 1.
  • the blood drug concentration change curve is shown in Fig. 2, wherein the curve a is the ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate blood drug concentration, and the curve b is the ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylglutamic acid blood drug concentration. It can be seen from Fig.
  • Rats were orally administered with ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate and ⁇ -hydroxybutyrylglutamate at 1 mol/kg, and the plasma concentrations were determined by LC/MS.
  • one or several pseudopeptides are combined to form different weight ratios for the acute toxicity test of the mouse and to establish a weight loss model for human body experiment to lose weight and slimming effect. Because the results are similar.
  • only ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-glycine; ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-serine and ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-glycine-methionine were prepared in a weight ratio of 4:3:3 to carry out related experiments.
  • mice Take 4 groups of mice, each group of 10, weighing 20 ⁇ 2g, 5 males and 5s, fasting for 5 hours, taking the compound preparation of the invention according to 0g/20g, 0.2g/20g, 0.5g/20g, 1.0 g/20g was intragastrically administered to each group of mice, and the activity of the mice was observed. The observation was carried out 4 times within 24 hours, and then observed twice a day for 7 days, and the mouse administration group and the blank group were found to be in action and nervous system reaction. There is no significant difference between the reaction with the autonomous action system and the LED 50 is zero.
  • mice Take 5 groups of mice, each group of 10, weighing 23 ⁇ 1g, 5 males and 5 females, 1 group of common feeds, 4 groups of continuous high fat diet, from the sixth week, take the compound composition of the invention
  • the preparations were administered to the high-fat diet-fed mice by 0g/20g, 0.01g/20g, 0.04g/20g, and 0.06g/20g, once a day for 10 weeks.
  • the body weight results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 3. .
  • mice in the high-fat diet blank group increased the body weight by 31.7% more than the normal diet blank group, and the mice in the drug group administered with the compound composition of the present invention were higher than the high-fat diet.
  • the body weight of the blank group was reduced by 11.6%, 14.4%, and 15.0%, respectively.
  • the mice were dissected and the fat percentage of the uterus or testicles was reduced by 14.6%, 24.3%, and 26.2%, respectively.
  • the compound composition preparation of the present invention can significantly reduce the body weight of the high-fat diet mice, and the fat of the mouse uterus or the testicles is also reduced, thereby showing that the main cause of the weight loss of the mice is body fat. Reduction.
  • the ratio adopted by the present invention has a better weight-loss effect.
  • Other compounds have a corresponding weight loss effect.
  • the invention can be implemented in other ways, and any obvious alternatives are within the scope of the invention without departing from the inventive concept.
  • one or several pseudopeptides are combined to form different weight ratios for acute toxicity experiments, in vitro anti-aging experiments, and pharmacodynamic experiments.
  • this example randomly selects a ratio, such as: 1% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-histidine; 8% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-fine Amino acid; 6% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-aspartic acid; 8% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-threonine; 15% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-serine; 15% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl- Glutamate; 10% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-glycine; 10% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-alanine; 15% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-threonine; 10% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl- Methionine; 2% ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-proline.
  • a formulation is prepared to carry out related acute toxicity experiments and pharmaco
  • mice The experimental methods and results of the acute toxicity experiment were as follows: 4 groups of mice, 10 rats in each group, weighing 20 ⁇ 2g, 5 males and 5 females, fasted for 5 hours, and the preparations of application examples 1-6 were 0.2g/20g. 0.5g/20g, 1.0g/20g were administered to each group of mice, and the activity of the mice was observed. The observation was carried out 4 times within 24 hours, and then observed twice a day for 7 days, and the mouse administration group and blank were found. There were no significant differences in the response of the group between the action, the nervous system response, and the autonomous action system, and the LED 50 was zero.
  • mice in each group were taken 1-2 months old, 10 rats in each group, weighing 23 ⁇ 1g, 5 males and 5s in each group, divided into control group, model group, Vitamin E group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group. Except the control group, mice in each group were injected subcutaneously with D-galactose 1.25 g/kg every day, and weighed once every three days. The dosage was adjusted according to body weight for 40 consecutive days, and the control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline every day. On the 11th day, the vitamin E group was intragastrically administered at 100 mg/kg every day.
  • the dose group was administered with 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg, respectively.
  • the normal group and the aging model group were treated with equal amount of distilled water.
  • Stomach for 30 consecutive days, the last injection of D-galactose for 2 hours, the last time after 1 hour of intragastric administration, and taking the brain, liver and blood at 3000r/min at 4 degrees, taking serum, brain and liver according to SOD , CAT, MDA and T-AOC kits (Nanjing Institute of Bioengineering) preparation of tissue fluid requires tissue homogenization, and then serum, brain homogenate, liver homogenate serum superoxide dismutase according to the kit requirements SOD, catalase CAT, malondialdehyde MDA and total antioxidant capacity T-AOC levels were obtained as follows, as shown in Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5.
  • SOD, CAT, MDA and T-AOC are one of the important indicators to investigate the anti-aging effect.
  • Table 5 we have invented a different dose of anti-aging model for improving the compounding of immunity and anti-aging.
  • the activity in animals shows that medium dose combination can increase SOD, CAT and T- in brain.
  • the three most popular ingredients of cosmetics are urinary acid, collagen and oligopeptides.
  • the number of amino acids in the oligopeptide is 2-4, which is called small molecule active peptide, which is gradually changing the upgrading of the cosmetics industry with superior activity.
  • Pseudopeptides are superior to small molecule active peptides in cell penetration and activity, and their potential application value is higher than that of dipeptides.
  • Example D2 From the test results of Example D2, it was revealed that the novel compound synthesized by the present invention has a certain anti-aging function.
  • a representative pseudopeptide combination was selected for related evaluation. The specific ratio is:
  • one or several pseudopeptides are combined to form different weight ratios for acute toxicity experiments, in vitro anti-aging experiments, and pharmacodynamic experiments. Because of the similarity of the results, considering the activity and applicability of the anti-aging effect, this example randomly selects a ratio to evaluate the anti-aging repair essence cosmetics.
  • the specific raw materials are as follows:
  • An anti-aging repairing essence consisting of the following materials:
  • the anti-aging repairing essence of the application example can be obtained by merely stirring and mixing the raw materials.
  • the specific conditions and parameter control belong to the prior art, and are not described here.
  • the pseudopeptide in the compound combination of the invention can well remove free radicals in the human body, delay skin aging, supplement amino acids, can effectively accelerate cell renewal, improve skin transparency and gloss, and reduce fine lines and wrinkles.
  • the anti-aging repairing essence prepared in the example of the present invention was tested for wrinkle effect, and the age of the experimental object was 35-55 years old, and the face had fine lines, some parts had obvious wrinkles and dull skin, and 10 females;
  • the application of the aging repair essence of Example 7 was applied every morning for 30 days.
  • skin texture experiments and visual experiments were performed on these women.
  • the effective evaluation was: skin The hydration is smooth, tender and elastic, and the texture of the skin is obviously fine.
  • the facial wrinkles are obviously less visible to the naked eye.
  • the ineffective evaluation is: the skin texture is basically unchanged before the experiment.
  • the effective evaluation on the third day was 30%, the effective evaluation on the seventh day was 50%, and the effective evaluation on the 30th day was 80%. From the results, it can be seen that the composition for improving immunity and anti-aging of the present invention is effective in skin care products, and the test population generally does not have adverse reactions such as dry skin, allergies and the like.
  • Hyperlipidemia damage to the body is occult, gradual, progressive and systemic. Its direct damage is to accelerate systemic atherosclerosis, because the vital organs of the whole body rely on arterial blood supply and oxygen supply. Once the artery is atheroma Blockage can lead to serious consequences. Therefore, lowering blood fat has become a hot and difficult point in people's research. In this example, a certain ratio of pseudopeptides was selected for the related hypolipidemic test.
  • the formulation was prepared into a related preparation, and the effects of blood lipid lowering were evaluated by performing mouse experiments and human experiments, respectively.
  • mice The experimental methods and results of the acute toxicity experiment were as follows: 4 groups of mice, 10 rats in each group, weighing 20 ⁇ 2g, 5 males and 5 females, fasted for 5 hours, and the preparations of application examples 1-6 were 0.2g/20g. 0.5g/20g, 1.0g/20g were administered to each group of mice, and the activity of the mice was observed. The observation was carried out 4 times within 24 hours, and then observed twice a day for 7 days, and the mouse administration group and blank were found. There were no significant differences in the response of the group between the action, the nervous system response, and the autonomous action system, and the LED 50 was zero.
  • Preparation of acute hyperlipidemia animal model 60 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, 10 in each group, 5 males and 5 females, randomly divided into blank control group, model group A, B, C, D, E.
  • Fresh egg yolk was prepared as a 75% emulsion using sterile saline.
  • the model group was intraperitoneally injected with a certain dose of 75% egg yolk emulsion, 25ml/kg; blank control group: intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline, 24 hours later, the mice in the model group were collected for blood, and the serum was taken after centrifugation to measure TC.
  • the levels of TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C were compared between the model group and the blank control group, and TC or LDL-C was elevated, and the model was established.
  • the blank control group was intragastrically administered with normal saline 10 ml/kg every day.
  • the model A group was the model control group, and the normal saline was administered 10 ml/kg per day.
  • the model group B, C, and D groups were low, medium and high dose groups.
  • the test drug was administered daily 0.7g/kg, 1.4g/kg, 2.1g/kg, and the experimental drug was diluted with physiological saline into a solution, 10ml/kg; the E group was the atorvastatin group, and the atorvastatin solution was administered daily. 10 ml/kg, the dose was 2.1 g/kg.
  • the rats were intragastrically administrated for 15 days, and blood was collected from the eyelids of each group. Serum was taken after centrifugation, and the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were measured. The relevant test results are shown in Figure 4-7.
  • the blank control group of mouse TC, the atorvastatin calcium control group and the high fat model control group have a relatively low contrast content, which proves that the modeling is successful; among the compound preparation high and medium dose groups
  • the content of the drug was significantly lower than that of the high-fat model control group (P ⁇ 0.05), and it was dose-related and had statistical significance.
  • the control group of mouse TG, the atorvastatin calcium control group and the high-fat model control group had a significantly lower content (P ⁇ 0.01), which proved that the model was successful; the content of the three dose groups of the compound preparation was significantly lower than that.
  • the high-fat model control group was dose-related and had significant statistical significance.
  • the LDL-C content of the blank control group is significantly lower than that of the high fat model control group (p ⁇ 0.01), which proves that the modeling is successful; the LDL- of the low, medium and high dose groups The content of C was lower than that of the high-fat model control group, and the content was significantly decreased and dose-related.
  • the HDL-C content of the three dose groups was significantly higher than that of the high-fat model control group, which was statistically significant and statistically significant.
  • Parkinson's disease also known as tremor paralysis
  • PD Parkinson's disease
  • SNc substantia nigra pars compacta
  • NMOS substantia nigra pars compacta
  • NMOS substantia nigra pars compacta
  • mitigating oxidative stress damage can be used as a drug target to treat Parkinson's disease.
  • ketone bodies can improve the clinical symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, show clear antioxidant protection, and have certain effects on neuroprotection.
  • Apoptosis in the substantia nigra pars compacta of patients with Parkinson's disease is an important pathological basis of the disease, inhibiting such apoptosis, and will also play a positive role in the treatment of the disease.
  • the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments, which are not intended to limit the invention.
  • one or several pseudopeptides are optionally composed of different weight ratios for the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease related tests. Because of the similarity of the results, pseudo-peptides with different ratios were selected for evaluation in this example.
  • mice Take 4 groups of mice, each group of 10, weighing 20 ⁇ 2g, 5 males and 5s, fasting for 5 hours, taking the compound preparation of the invention according to 0g/20g, 0.2g/20g, 0.5g/20g, 1.0 g/20g was intragastrically administered to each group of mice, and the activity of the mice was observed. The observation was carried out 4 times within 24 hours, and then observed twice a day for 7 days, and the mouse administration group and the blank group were found to be in action and nervous system reaction. There is no significant difference between the reaction with the autonomous action system and the LED 50 is zero.
  • rotenone was first dissolved in very low volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then dissolved in corn oil (formulated as 2 mg/ml oil solution).
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • the rotenone group (PD model group) was injected subcutaneously with rotenone oil solution (3 mg/kg mouse body weight) in the neck and back, and the normal control group (NC group) was injected subcutaneously into the neck and back with an equal volume of corn oil (containing the corresponding volume of DMSO).
  • the pseudopeptide composition low-dose treatment group (WTS1 group) was injected subcutaneously with rotenone on the neck and the back of the neck at the same time, and the product of the present invention was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg per day.
  • the dose-treated group (WTS 2 group) of the pseudopeptide composition was subcutaneously injected with rotenone in the neck and the back of the neck at the same time, and the product of the present invention was orally administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg per day.
  • Pseudopeptide composition The high-dose treatment group (WTS 3 group) was injected subcutaneously with rotenone on the back of the neck at the same time, and the product of the present invention was orally administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day. All mice were free to eat and drink during the experiment, temperature 22 ⁇ 2 ° C, relative humidity (60 ⁇ 15)%. Animals were observed daily for general status and recorded changes in animal behavior for 5 weeks.
  • the brain was quickly decapitated by the neck-removal method, and the midbrain substantia nigra and striatum were quickly separated on the ice surface, and the glass homogenizer was made into a 10% tissue homogenate, and stored in a -80 ° C refrigerator.
  • the protein was quantified by BCA method in the experiment, and the antioxidant enzyme SOD, glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px, catalase CAT activity and malondialdehyde MDA in brain tissue were detected by chemical colorimetry according to the kit instructions. content.
  • mice in the PD model group showed debilitating on the 10th day from the start of the experiment, the activity was slow, the hair was loose and dull, and the appetite was obviously reduced. On the 16th day, the body flexed, the movement decreased, and sometimes the tonic and tremor performance showed The typical behavioral characteristics of Jinsen indicate that the mice with Parkinson's disease have successfully modeled.
  • the other two groups of mice showed no body flexion, reduced exercise, and rigidity and tremor.
  • the daily body weight measurements of the mice in each group showed that the weight gain of the PD model group was slower than that of the other groups, but there was no significant difference between the groups.
  • the MDA, GSH-Px, SOD and CAT of the PD model group were significantly higher than those of the NC group (P ⁇ 0.05). There were significant differences between the data of the three groups in the WTS group and the PD model group (P ⁇ 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the WTS2 group and the WTS3 group and the NC group (p>0.05).
  • the MDA, GSH-Px, SOD and CAT of the PD model group were significantly higher than those of the NC group (P ⁇ 0.05). There were significant differences between the data of the three groups in the WTS group and the PD model group (P ⁇ 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the WTS2 group and the WTS3 group and the NC group (p>0.05).
  • pseudopeptides can effectively improve the pathological symptoms of the Parkinson's mouse model made by rotenone, reduce the toxicity of substantia nigra and striatum neurons, and activate the autophagy activity of the substantia nigra and striatum neurons. It has a preventive and therapeutic effect on Parkinson's disease.
  • Alheimer's syndrome is a persistent high-level neurological activity disorder, that is, in the absence of disturbance of consciousness, memory, thinking, analysis and judgment, visual spatial recognition, and emotional barriers.
  • China has become the country with the most patients with Alzheimer's disease, but only about 21% of patients actually go to the hospital.
  • Alzheimer's disease is currently incurable, but patients need long-term medical care, so how to more effective diagnosis and treatment has become a hot topic in contemporary medical research.
  • the series of compounds of the present invention have been tested for the prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease. The test shows that the ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid pseudopeptide has a certain therapeutic effect on Parkinson's disease.
  • the application of the compound of the present invention in Alzheimer's disease will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, and the contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the invention.
  • one or several pseudopeptides are optionally composed of different weight ratios for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease-related tests. Because of the similarity of the results, in this example, different ratios of pseudopeptides were selected for evaluation of rat jumping and avoiding darkness test.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises the following materials:
  • mice Take 4 groups of mice, each group of 10, weighing 20 ⁇ 2g, 5 males and 5s, fasting for 5 hours, taking the compound preparation of the invention according to 0g/20g, 0.2g/20g, 0.5g/20g, 1.0 g/20g was intragastrically administered to each group of mice, and the activity of the mice was observed. The observation was carried out 4 times within 24 hours, and then observed twice a day for 7 days, and the mouse administration group and the blank group were found to be in action and nervous system reaction. There is no significant difference between the reaction with the autonomous action system and the LED 50 is zero.
  • Raw material ⁇ -hydroxybutyryl-amino acid pseudopeptide was synthesized by our company's laboratory. Hydrogenated ergot base, citicoline, high calcium pantothenate and lecithin were purchased from the website.
  • the rat jumping platform was purchased by Anhui Zhenghua Biological Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd., and the rat darkness detector was purchased by Anhui Zhenghua Biological Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.
  • Experimental group (1) blank control group: 15 healthy SD rats, three times a day in the morning, fasting three steamed water, gastric perfusion volume of 10ml / kg, continuous gavage for 8 weeks; (2) Alheimer syndrome model Group: 15 rats with Alzheimer's syndrome prepared by 2VO method; (3) Low-dose group of the invention: 15 rats with Alzheimer's syndrome model, perfused daily with the solution of the present invention in the morning, intragastrically The concentration was 5 mg/kg, the intragastric capacity was 10 ml/kg, and the rats were continuously gavage for 8 weeks. (4) The middle dose group of the present invention: 15 rats of the Alzheimer syndrome model, and the solution of the present invention was perfused on an empty stomach every morning.
  • high dose group of the invention 15 rats of Alzheimer's syndrome model, used for fasting in the morning every morning
  • the solution of the invention is intragastrically administered, the concentration of the stomach is 25 mg/kg, the intragastric capacity is 10 ml/kg, and the stomach is continuously administered for 8 weeks;
  • the hydrogenated ergot base group 15 rats of the Alzheimer syndrome model, daily In the morning, the rats were intragastrically treated with hydrogenated ergot solution, the concentration of gastric juice was 2.0 mg/kg, the intragastric volume was 10 ml/kg, and the stomach was administered for 8 weeks.
  • Choline group 15 rats with Alzheimer's syndrome model, perfused with citicoline solution on an empty stomach every morning, intragastric concentration of 1.0 mg/kg, intragastric administration of 10 ml/kg, continuous gavage 8 weeks;
  • Calcium pantothenate group 15 rats with Alzheimer's syndrome model, per day, fasting with high calcium pantothenic acid solution in the morning, intragastric concentration of 2mg/kg, intragastric administration rate of 10ml/kg Continuous gavage for 8 weeks;
  • Lecithin group 15 rats with Alzheimer's syndrome model, perfused with lecithin solution on an empty stomach every morning, with a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg, and a gastric perfusion volume of 10 ml/ Administration of kg, continuous gastric perfusion for 8 weeks. All mice were free to eat and drink during the experiment, temperature 22 ⁇ 2 ° C, relative humidity (60 ⁇ 15)%. Animals were observed daily for general status and recorded for changes in animal behavior.
  • the grouped rats were subjected to the relevant rat platform test, and the test results are shown in Table 10 below.
  • test results show that the present invention can significantly improve the latency of the jumping test in rats, reduce the number of errors, and has a significant dose dependency; compared with the hydrogenated ergot base, citicoline, high calcium pantothenate, lecithin control group, there is obvious The difference (P ⁇ 0.05).
  • the grouped rats were subjected to the relevant rat platform test, and the test results are shown in Table 11 below.
  • the rat jumping test and the rat darkness test prove that the invention can effectively improve the cognitive, learning and memory ability of Alzheimer's syndrome rats, and the therapeutic effect is better than ergometrine, citicoline, and high. Calcium pantothenate, lecithin.
  • the invention has the advantages of obvious effect on the treatment of Alheimer syndrome, stable quality control, low cost, natural non-toxicity, and suitable for long-term administration.
  • Eca-109 cells were seeded in 1640 medium containing 10% newborn fetal bovine serum, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 , and saturated humidity.
  • MTT assay for cell viability The detection principle is that succinate dehydrogenase in living cell mitochondria can reduce exogenous MTT dye to water-insoluble formazan (Formazan), which is deposited in cells, while dead cells are No such feature.
  • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can dissolve the hyperthyroidism produced in the cells, and its light absorption value can be measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent detector at a wavelength of 490 nm.
  • the detection result can indirectly reflect the number of living cells.
  • the amount of formazan formed by MTT crystals is proportional to the number of cells in a certain number of cells.

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Abstract

式I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ所示的β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物及制备方法和应用，所述化合物具有抑癌活性并可用于减肥、抗衰老、治疗阿尔海默症和癫痫、降血脂、降血压。

Description

一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物及制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及化合物技术领域，具体涉及一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物及制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来，药物科学的发展已呈现一种向提高人体自身免疫力以及利用人体自身免疫力进行治疗各种疾病的方向飞速发展，对于内源性物质的研究，比如氨基酸、小分子活性肽、多肽等的研究成为了药物科学发展的主流和热点之一。内源性物质药物化的研究呈现了方兴未艾和向纵深发展的趋势。在这方面的进展和突破，不仅对新药、新保健品行业有直接的推动，而且对人体生命的物质基础和生命活动的密码研究都有重要的意义。
β-羟基丁酸(β-hydroxybutyrate，以下简称BHB)最初被人们只是简单的认为是人体脂肪能量代谢的物质，通常人体在禁食、长时间超负荷运动或者长期缺乏碳水化合物的时候，身体葡萄糖远远满足不了基体需求，肝脏就是利用人体脂肪库的脂肪酸代谢乙酰辅酶A，进而被代谢为BHB。然而随着人们对这种内源性物质BHB的深入研究，该小分子内源性物质在人体展现了各种奇异的性能，比如减肥——促进脂肪代谢(WO2004108740)、抗衰老——组蛋白酶抑制剂(Tadahiro Shimazu,et al.Science,2013,339:211)、延缓糖尿病的发生和进展(WO2004108740)、治疗癫痫、延缓癌症(Rainer J.Klement.International Journal of Radiation Biology,2017:1)，预防阿尔海默症(Mark A.Reger,et al.Neurobiology of Aging,2004(25):311)、降血脂降血压(Kesl et al.Nutrition & Metabolism 2016(13):9)、补钙(CN200510088781.5)等等。最新的研究成果表明BHB可以修饰组蛋白赖氨酸位点，从而调控相关饥饿生理反应基因的表达，比如脂肪酸代谢、氨基酸代谢、氧化还原的稳态、生物钟的调控等(Benjamin R.Sabari，Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol.2017(18)90；Zhongyu Xie，Mol Cell.2016 62:194)。这些都表明了，BHB除了做了能量代谢产物，更多的是作 为一种分子信号功能，调整着基体与外界环境的信息传递、调整着细胞内和细胞外的信息传递，从而完成生命许多特征。
人体从普通饮食中能够得到三大营养素，即碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质。碳水化合物进入人体内转变为葡萄糖，维持身体的新陈代谢运作及日常活动，约占人体平均每日摄入热量的65％左右。只有身体葡萄糖不足或者禁食情况下，糖异生作用加强，肝脏会代谢脂肪酸产生大量的BHB。根据医学相关研究和统计，正常情况下，人体血浆和组织内的BHB水平保持在0.1mM左右(Robinson，AM.Physiol Rev 60(1980)143-187)；饥饿状态下，肝脏增强对脂肪酸代谢，血液中BHB升高至1-2mM，长时间禁食，升高至6-8mM以上；一旦高于20mM，就会有患酮酸症中毒。而我们讨论的生酮状态一般被称为营养性生酮状态，一般是0.5-8mM。但是想进入这个营养性生酮状态，无论是禁食，还是大体力运动，经常会伴随着昏睡和头晕目眩，同时还对肠胃的营养菌群平衡带来不利影响。值得令人幸福的是，外源性引入BHB，人体血液内BHB达到营养性生酮状态，依然可以调控这些信息，达到提高和治疗相关疾病的功能。因此在欧美国家有关BHB及其BHB盐的食品已经琳琅满目。但是BHB在人体内很不稳定，无论是引入BHB还是BHB盐，不但在肠胃消化系统会有很大的破坏，造成生物利用度很低，而且还因为每个人体质的差异化，造成剂量的不同效果不同；同时BHB也不能进行常规的注射，易于造成血管内酮酸症中毒，这些都限制了BHB的应用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点和不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物，通过小鼠实验、细胞实验和安全性评价，证实本发明的化合物在人体内可以代谢为BHB、氨基酸和伪肽代谢物，安全无毒无副作用，具有较好的稳定性和一定的抗癌活性(对食道癌细胞系IC50普遍为30-80)，并对减肥、抗衰老、治疗阿尔海默症和癫痫、降血脂降血压均有较好的功能，有望作为新型食品原料作为补充能量、开发成不同的保健食品或者药学上可接 受OTC药物。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：
一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物，其结构通式如I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ所示：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000002
其中，X的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000003
R 1-R 10的均选自α-氨基酸的侧链基团。
其中，所述R 1-R 10的均选自α-氨基酸的侧链基团，α-氨基酸可为丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、甘氨 酸、天冬酰胺、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸。有两个氨基的氨基酸如赖氨酸存在端基伯氨β-羟基丁酰化和两个氨基的双β-羟基丁酰化。
本发明的β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物结构通式也可以写为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000004
其中(R)n为α-氨基酸或由α-氨基酸缩聚而成的多肽链。
一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物的制备方法，当合成结构式I的化合物，包括如下步骤：
(1)β-羟基丁酸乙酯、咪唑和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷在合适溶剂内反应，得到中间体1，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000005
(2)中间体1与水解试剂反应，得到中间体2，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000006
(3)中间体2与化合物1进行缩合反应，得到中间体3，其中，化合物1的结构式为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000007
中间体3的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000008
所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团，指的是对氨基酸上除反应位点氨基以外的其他活性基团例如羧基、羟基、氨基进行保护的基团；
(4)中间体3与脱保护剂反应，得到中间体4，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000009
(5)中间体4通过水解反应得到结构式I的化合物；
流程图如下：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000010
当合成结构式Ⅱ的化合物，包括如下步骤：
(1)β-羟基丁酸乙酯、咪唑和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷在合适溶剂内反应，得到中间体1，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000011
(2)中间体1与水解试剂反应，得到中间体2，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000012
(3)中间体2与化合物1进行缩合反应，得到中间体3，其中，化合物1的结构式为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000013
中间体3的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000014
所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团；(3.1)将中间体3进行水解反应，得到中间体3.1，其结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000015
将中间体3.1与化合物2进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.2，其中化合物2的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000016
中间体3.2的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000017
(4)中间体3.2与脱保护剂反应，得到中间体4.1，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000018
(5)中间体4通过水解反应得到结构式Ⅱ的化合物；
流程图如下：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000019
当合成结构式Ⅲ-Ⅹ的化合物时，包括如下步骤：
路线1：
(1)β-羟基丁酸乙酯、咪唑和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷在合适溶剂内反应，得到中间体1，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000020
(2)中间体1与水解试剂反应，得到中间体2，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000021
(3)中间体2与化合物1进行缩合反应，得到中间体3，其中，化合物1的结构式为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000022
中间体3的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000023
所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团；(3.1)将中间体3进行水解反应，得到中间体3.1，其结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000024
将中间体3.1与化合物2进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.2，其中化合物的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000025
中间体3.2的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000026
(3.2)依照最终合成的结构式，将中间体3.2反复进行水解反应并与化合物n进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.x，其中化合物n的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000027
n为3-10的自然数，3.x的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000028
(4)中间体3.x与脱保护剂反应，得到中间体4.x，其结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000029
(5)中间体4通过水解反应得到结构式Ⅲ-Ⅹ的化合物。
流程图如下：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000030
路线2
(1)β-羟基丁酸乙酯、咪唑和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷在合适溶剂内反应，得到中间体1，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000031
(2)中间体1与水解试剂反应，得到中间体2，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000032
(3)对氨基酸链进行氨基酸保护得中间体5
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000033
其中n＝1-10；对于选取带有保护的氨基酸链中氨基酸数量为1-10；氨基酸种类为丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸；所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团，指的是对氨基酸链段上除出反应位点氨基以外的其他活性基团例如羧基、羟基、氨基进行保护的基团。
(4)中间体2与中间体5进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.x。其中中间体3.x的结构为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000034
(4)将中间体3.x与脱保护剂反应，得到中间体4.x。其中中间体4.x的结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000035
(5)中间体4.x通过水解反应得到结构式Ⅲ-Ⅹ的化合物。
流程图如下：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000036
路线3
(1)β-羟基丁酸乙酯、咪唑和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷在合适溶剂内反应，得到中间体1，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000037
(2)中间体1与水解试剂反应，得到中间体2，其结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000038
(3)中间体2与化合物1进行缩合反应，得到中间体3，其中，化合物1的结构式为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000039
中间体3的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000040
所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团；(3.1)将中间体3进行水解反应，得到中间体3.1，其结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000041
将中间体3.1与化合物2进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.2，其中化合物2的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000042
中间体3.2的结构式为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000043
(4)选择相同或者不同的具有类似结构的
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000044
依次按照如下流程图所示的反应过程3-5进行反复的缩合反应和水解反应，得到中间体6
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000045
其中m为1-9；氨基酸种类为丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸；所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团，指 的是对氨基酸链段上除出反应位点氨基以外的其他活性基团例如羧基、羟基、氨基进行保护的基团。
(5)对氨基酸链进行氨基酸保护得中间体7
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000046
其中n＝2-10，m为中间体4中代表的氨基酸数量，并且n>m；对于选取保护的氨基酸链氨基酸数量为1-10；氨基酸种类为丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸；所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团，指的是对氨基酸链段上除出反应位点氨基以外的其他活性基团例如羧基、羟基、氨基进行保护的基团。
(6)将中间体6与中间体7进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.x。其中中间体3.x的结构为
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000047
(4)将中间体3.x与脱保护剂反应，得到中间体4.x。其中中间体4.2的结构为：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000048
(5)中间体4.x通过水解反应得到结构式Ⅲ-Ⅹ的化合物。
流程图如下：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000049
根据本专业技术人员的专业水平，大分子的β-羟基丁酰伪多肽优选路线3由小分子β-羟基丁酰伪多肽和活性基团进行保护的多肽缩合制备。
应当注明的是，所述步骤(1)的合适溶剂为二氯甲烷。所述脱保护剂为四丁基氟化氨。
本发明涉及如上述用作药物的化合物。
本发明也设计药物组合物，所述药物组合物包括与药用辅剂、稀释剂或载体联合的作为活性成分的以上所述的化合物。
所述药物组合物可以适合于口服的，静脉内的，局部的，腹膜内的，经鼻 的，含服的，舌下的或皮下的施用或适合于经由呼吸道的适用，例如以气雾剂或空气悬浮的细粉形式。所述组合物可以是例如片剂，胶囊，散剂，微粒，颗粒剂，糖浆剂，悬浮液，溶液，透皮贴剂或栓剂的形式。
应当注意，根据本发明的组合物可以任选包括两种或多种以上描述的化合物。
本药物组合物可以任选包含例如至少一种另外的添加剂，所述添加剂选自崩解剂，粘合剂，润滑剂，增香剂，防腐剂，着色剂及其任何混合物。
本化合物可以作为化妆品新的原料，能够明显地提高皮肤的弹性，抗衰老作用好。
本发明化合物还可通过技术领域已知的反应或官能团彼此转化。药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂合物或其衍生物。
除非另有说明，否则涉及具体化合物还包括例如下文论述的其离子形式、盐、溶剂合物、异构体、互变异构体、酯、前药、同位素及保护形式；优选其离子形式或盐或互变异构体或异构体或N-氧化物或溶剂合物；更优选其离子形式或盐或互变异构体或溶剂合物或保护形式，甚至更优选其盐或互变异构体或溶剂合物。化合物式I-Ⅹ化合物可以盐的形式存在。例如，本发明化合物式I-Ⅹ化合物可以与无机碱或有机碱生成相应的盐，所有的这类盐均在本发明的范围内，且提及式I-Ⅹ化合物时包括化合物的盐形式。同时提及“衍生物”包括提及其离子形式、盐、溶剂合物、异构体、互变异构体、酯、前药、同位素及保护形式。
本发明的一个方面提供本文定义的化合物或其盐、酯、互变异构体或溶剂合物，另一个方面提供本文定义的化合物或其盐或溶剂合物。涉及本发明定义的式I-Ⅹ化合物及其子类时将所述化合物的盐或溶剂合物或互变异构体包括在内。
本发明化合物的盐形式通常是药学上可接受的盐。但是，也可将非药学上可接受的盐制成中间体形式，然后可将其转化为药学上可接受的盐。可用于例 如纯化或分离本发明化合物的这样的非药学上可接受的盐也构成本发明的部分。可通过常规化学方法自含有碱性或酸性部分的母体化合物合成本发明的盐。一般可通过在水或在有机溶剂中，或在两者的混合物中，使这些化合物的游离酸或碱形式与合适的碱或酸反应来制备所述盐；一般使用非水介质例如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、异丙醇或乙腈。
本发明的化合物可作为一盐或二盐存在，这取决于自其中形成盐的酸的pKa。可与各种各样的阳离子(无机阳离子和有机阳离子两者)形成酸加成盐。合适的无机阳离子的实例包括但不限于碱金属离子(例如Na+和K+)、碱土金属阳离子(例如Ca 2+和Mg 2+)和其它阳离子(例如A1 3+)。合适的有机阳离子的实例包括但不限于铵离子(NH 4+)和取代的铵离子(例如NH 3R+、NH  2R 2+、NHR 3+、NR 4+)。某些合适的取代铵离子的实例是衍生自以下化合物的铵离子：乙胺、二乙胺、二环己基胺、三乙胺、丁胺、乙二胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、哌嗪、苄胺、苯基苄胺、胆碱、葡甲胺和氨丁三醇以及氨基酸(例如赖氨酸和精氨酸)。常用的季铵离子的实例是N(CH 3) 4+。
本发明的化合物可与水(即水合物)或普通有机溶剂形成溶剂合物。本文所用术语“溶剂合物”意指本发明的化合物与一个或多个溶剂分子的物理缔合。这种物理缔合包括不同程度的离子和共价键合，包括氢键键合。在某些情况下，例如当一个或多个溶剂分子掺入结晶固体的晶格时，溶剂合物将能够分离。溶剂合物包括溶液相和可分离的溶剂合物两者。合适的溶剂合物的非限制性实例包括本发明的化合物与水、异丙醇、乙醇、甲醇、DMSO、乙酸乙酯、乙酸或乙醇胺等的组合。当本发明的化合物在溶液中时，可发挥其生物作用。
溶剂合物广泛存在于制药化学领域，且应用非常广泛。在化合物的制备(例如有关其纯化)、化合物的保存(例如其稳定性)的方法以及化合物的后处理过程都起来重要的作用，经常是化学合成的分离或纯化阶段重要环节。本领域技术人员可通过标准和长期采用的技术确定通过用于制备指定化合物的分离条件或纯化条件是否形成水合物或其它溶剂合物。这种技术的实例包括热解重 量分析法(TGA)、示差扫描量热法(DSC)、X射线晶体学检测(例如单晶X射线晶体学检测或X射线粉末衍射法)和固态NMR(SS-NMR或MAS-NMR)。这样的技术和NMR、IR、HPLC和MS都可以分析。另外，技术人员可采用结晶条件，包括具体溶剂合物所需的溶剂的量，特意形成溶剂合物。之后可采用上述标准方法以确定是否形成了溶剂合物。式I-Ⅹ还包括化合物的任何络合物(例如与化合物(例如环糊精)的包合络合物或包合物，或与金属离子的络合物)。此外，本发明的化合物可具有一种或多种多晶型物(结晶)或非晶体形式，同样包括在本发明的范围内。
式I-Ⅹ化合物可以多种不同的几何异构体和互变异构体形式存在，且提及式I-Ⅹ化合物时包括所有这类形式。为了避免产生歧义，当化合物以几种几何异构体或互变异构体形式之一存在并且只具体描述或显示其中一种时，所有其它形式也都包括在式I-Ⅹ中。
式I-Ⅹ化合物含一个或多个手性中心并可存在两种或更多种旋光异构体时，提及式I-Ⅹ化合物时包括其所有旋光异构体形式(例如对映体、差向异构体和非对映异构体)，或为单一旋光异构体，或为两种或更多种旋光异构体的混合物(例如外消旋混合物)，除非文中另有要求。旋光异构体可通过其旋光性表征和鉴定(即用+和-异构体或D和L异构体表征和鉴定)。或者可通过多种技术包括手性色谱法(手性色谱柱)分离旋光异构体。
当式I-Ⅹ化合物存在两种或更多种旋光异构体形式时，一对对映体中的一个对映体可显示相对于另一个对映体的优势，例如就生物活性而言。因此，在某些情况下，需要使用对映体对中的单独一个或者许多非对映异构体中的单独一个作为治疗剂。因此，本发明提供含具有一个或多个手性中心的式(I)化合物的组合物，其中至少55％(例如至少60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％或95％)的式I-Ⅹ化合物以单一旋光异构体(例如对映体或非对映异构体)存在。在一个通用的实施方案中，式(I)化合物总量的99％或更多(例如基本全部)可以单一旋光异构体(例如对映体或非对映异构体)存在。当鉴 定出特定的异构体形式(例如S构型，或E异构体)时，这意味着所述异构体形式基本不含其它异构体，即所述异构体形式以本发明化合物总量的至少55％、60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％、95％、99％或更多(例如基本全部)存在。
本发明的化合物包括具有一个或多个同位素取代的化合物，例如将式(I)化合物中涉及氢的位点可以为1H、2H(D)、3H(T)或者三者任意组合；式I-Ⅹ化合物中涉及碳的位点可以为12C、13C、14C或者三者任意组合；式(I)化合物中涉及氧的位点可以为16O，17O和18O。其实I-Ⅹ化合物中涉及的同位素可以是放射性或非放射性的。这类含有放射性同位素的化合物可以用于医学上的人体代谢为分子的示踪、或者医学诊断、医学检测等方面。在用于治疗用途方面，优选不含放射性同位素的化合物。
考虑到该系列化合物的不同药理性质，本发明化合物可以以单一药物形式或者多个化合物药物组合配制成用于可以作为或者参与各种的药物、保健食品以及化妆品。
本发明还涉及包含一种或多种其它药剂和本发明的化合物以及药用载体的药物组合物。
本发明还涉及本发明化合物可以以单一药物形式或者多个化合物药物组合配制成用于抑制肿瘤细胞生长的药物组合物中的用途。
本发明还涉及含有本发明的化合物作为第一活性成分和一种或多种抗癌药作为其它活性成分的产品，其作为组合制剂用于在患有癌症的患者的治疗中同时、分开或序贯使用。另外一种或多种其它药剂和本发明的化合物可以同时(例如在分开的组合物或单一组合物中)或以任一顺序搭配组合。优选的给药方法和顺序及组合物各成分的不同剂量要根据不同的病症、不同的肿瘤和不同的受治疗人员体质进行相应选择，进而确保实现对病情有利因素或协同效应。本领域技术人员采用常规方法和根据本文提供的信息，可容易地确定最佳给药方法、顺序及剂量。
本领域技术人员采用本发明专利化合物一种或多种，以及采用本发明专利化合物一种或多种与其他一种或多种抗癌药配合使用，应当根据待治疗人员的病况、待治疗病况的严重程度、待治疗患者的年龄、体重、性别、饮食、给药时间和一般身体状况、给药方式以及个体可能正使用的其它药物进行综合判断，进而给出所述的比率和确切剂量及给药频率等。此外还可以根据治疗对象的反应或根据开本发明化合物处方的医师的评估来降低或提高有效每日量。
本发明β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物可以持续稳定的给哺乳动物(包括人)提供BHB和各种不同的氨基酸，以持续、稳定为特点，保持哺乳动物(包括人)血酮的提高，大大促进哺乳动物体内脂肪代谢健康、平衡身体机能，增加其免疫力和增强疾病预防。根据相关动物实验，发明的化合物在人体内可以代谢为BHB、氨基酸(或小分子活性肽)和少量伪肽代谢物，在人体内代谢时间半衰期为4-6个小时，安全无毒无副作用。采用本发明I-X系列化合物，首先能够在哺乳动物体内稳定的释放BHB，克服了直接服用BHB盐在人体内生物利用度不高的现状；其次可以直接进行注射，改进了BHB或BHB盐因直接注射易引起酮酸症中毒的弊端，大大拓展了其应用范畴；然后在释放BHB的同时，还在哺乳动物体内代谢成各种的氨基酸，满足哺乳动物的基本需求；最后可以针对不同的应用情况，可以选择不同的氨基酸进行组合，组合起来的药物能够满足特殊人群的需求。因此本发明I-X系列化合物不但可以促进哺乳动物进入酮症，而且还能满足人体各种氨基酸的需求，其潜在应用价值和应用领域都非常的广泛。例如尤其是术后手术的抗炎和修复、老年人抗衰老产品、预防癌症和老年痴呆症等方面均有非常大的潜在应用价值。
本发明的化合物的盐类，例如本系列化合物的钙盐、镁，可以应用为相关的产品，以一种或者多种本系列化合物的组合，对哺乳动物(包括人)进行相应的微量元素补充，对于运动人群的补钙和老年人预防骨质疏松症都有相应的效果。
本专利通过一些实例来证明本发明I-X系列化合物可以很好的改善哺乳动物的高血脂、促进脂肪代谢、调节人体微循环、治疗癫痫和阿尔海默症、以及在治疗或抗癌领域，都有较好的功效。
正常情况下，通过生酮饮食进入酮症，大脑内因缺乏葡萄糖和血浆内钾钠盐类物质缺少，会造成一定的昏睡或头晕目眩。本发明I-X系列化合物可以任选使用由不同的单一化合物盐类或者多种不同化合物盐类组合，其盐类主要为钠、钾、钙和镁四种(其他盐类也在保护范围)，以克服进入酮症的不适症状。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例D1的大鼠口服β-羟基丁酸盐后血液中β-羟基丁酸血药浓度变化曲线图；
图2是本发明的实施例D1的大鼠口服β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸后血液中β-羟基丁酸和β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸血药浓度变化曲线图；
图3是本发明的实施例D2的不同组小鼠的体重曲线图；
图4是本发明的实施例D5中小鼠TC的空白对照组、阿托伐他汀钙对照组与高脂模型三组数据比对图；
图5是本发明实施例D5中小鼠TG的空白对照组、阿托伐他汀钙对照组与高脂模型三组数据比对图；
图6是本发明实施例D5中小鼠HDL-C的空白对照组、阿托伐他汀钙对照组与高脂模型三组数据比对图；
图7是本发明实施例D5中小鼠LDL-C的空白对照组、阿托伐他汀钙对照组与高脂模型三组数据比对图
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，实施方式提及的内容并非对本发明的限定。
实施例A1
β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酸伪二肽
(1)中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸的制备
合成路线：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000050
β-羟基丁酸乙酯(132g，1mol)和咪唑(136g,2mol)溶于200mL二氯甲烷，降温至0-5℃，叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(195.8g,1.3mol)溶于200mL二氯甲烷滴入反应液，滴加结束后，撤去冰浴，室温反应过夜。气相色谱监测反应完全后，加水淬灭反应，分液后有机相分别用50mL的0.1M稀盐酸、50mL饱和氯化钠水溶液各洗一次，干燥浓缩得到叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸乙酯粗品。在保护的β-羟基丁酸乙酯粗品中加入2倍体积的乙醇，加入1倍当量的1M的氢氧化钠水溶液，50℃反应5-10小时。气相色谱监测原料反应完全。反应结束后，反应液冷却，旋掉乙醇，水相用二氯甲烷萃取去除杂质，然后用稀盐酸调pH至1-2，再用50mL二氯甲烷萃取水相2-3次，合并有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗后干燥浓缩，得到叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸粗品。减压蒸馏得到无色透明液体167g，即为叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸纯品，纯度99％，收率76.6％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.22(m,1H),2.41(d,2H),1.16(d,3H),0.76(s,9H),0.00(d,6H)。
(2)β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酸伪二肽的制备
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000051
合成路线
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000052
叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸(2.18g，0.01mol)、亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(1.96g,0.01mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.12g,0.001mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(1.2g，0.012mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(3.1g,0.015mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分别用50mL水洗两次，20mL 0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩。将缩合后的浓缩液用50mL四氢呋喃溶解，加入1当量的四丁基氟化氨，室温搅拌1h，然后加水淬灭反应，减压蒸掉四氢呋喃，水相用30mL二氯甲烷各萃取3次，合并有机相，用30mL饱和氯化钠洗一次，浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，反应液用20mL二氯甲烷洗三次，水相浓缩，乙醇/丙酮重结晶得到白色固体1.5g，即为β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酸伪二肽钠盐，收率62.5％。在β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酸伪二肽钠盐中，加入等当量氯化氢乙醇溶液，过滤，浓缩，即可得到β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酸伪二肽，为白色固体。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.12(m,2H),2.31(m,2H),1.51(m,3H),1.16(t,3H),0.83(d,3H),0.79(d,3H)。
实施例A2
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000053
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率67.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.16(m,5H),4.40(m,1H),3.94(m,1H),3.12(m,1H),2.82(m,1H),2.19(m,2H),0.98(d,3H).
实施例A3
β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000054
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率62.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.11(m,1H),4.02(m,1H),2.34(m,2H),1.75(m,1H),1.32(m,1H),1.12(d,3H),1.05(m,1H),0.80(m,6H).
实施例A4
β-羟基丁酰-天冬氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000055
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与天冬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率58.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.31(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),2.57(d,1H),2.44(d,1H),2.33(m,2H),1.13(d,3H)。
实施例A5
β-羟基丁酰-缬氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000056
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率54.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.12(m,1H),3.95(m,1H),2.37(m,2H),2.03(m,1H),1.11(d,3H),0.77(m,6H)。
实施例A6
β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000057
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率64.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.23(m,1H),4.15(m,1H),2.49(m,2H),2.25(m,2H),2.09(m,1H),1.92(m,1H),1.26(d,3H)。
实施例A7
β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000058
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与脯氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率48.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.29(m,1H),4.10(m,1H),3.56(m,2H),2.54(m,2H),2.12(m,2H),1.83(m,2H),1.14(m,3H).
实施例A8
β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000059
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率68.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.22(m,1H),4.12(m,1H),2.54(m,2H),2.40(m,2H),2.01(s,3H),1.98(m,1H),1.88(m,1H),1.12(m,3H).
实施例A9
β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000060
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丝氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率63.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.19(m,2H),3.74(d,2H),2.39(m,2H)1.13(d,3H).
实施例A10
β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000061
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，以叔丁氧羰基保护端基氨基的赖氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和叔丁氧羰基保护a位氨基的赖氨酸乙酯盐酸盐分别与中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪二肽a和β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪二肽b，收率分别为43.8％和41.2％。
β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪二肽a
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.25(m,1H),4.03(m,1H),2.63(m,2H),2.30(m,2H),1.64(m,2H),1.35(m,2H),1.21(m,2H),1.07(m,3H).
β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪二肽b
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.02(m,1H),3.62(m,1H),3.02(m,2H),2.27(m,2H),1.61(m,2H),1.30(m,2H),1.25(m,2H),1.13(m,3H).
实施例A11
二β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000062
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由2倍量的中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与赖氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率43.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.01(m,3H),3.02(m,2H),2.30(m,4H),1.63(m,2H),1.34(m,2H),1.23(m,2H),1.03(m,6H).
实施例A12
β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000063
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与酪氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率23.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.02(m,2H),6.69(m,2H),4.32(m,1H),3.95(m,1H),3.02(m,1H),2.78(m,1H),2.22(m,2H),0.98(m,3H).
实施例A13
β-羟基丁酰-组氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000064
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与叔丁氧羰基保护的组氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备制备，收率24.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ8.51(s,1H),7.21(s,1H),4.70(m,1H),4.01(m,1H),3.52(m,1H),3.19(m,1H),2.57(m,2H),1.17(m,3H).
实施例A14
β-羟基丁酰-苏氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000065
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苏氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率33.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.15(m,3H),2.42(m,2H),1.15(m,6H).
实施例A15
β-羟基丁酰-色氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000066
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟 基丁酸与叔丁氧羰基保护的苏氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备制备，收率33.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.57(m,1H),7.35(m,1H),7.02(m,3H),4.46(m,1H),3.76(m,1H),3.38(m,2H),2.22(m,2H),0.89(m,3H).
实施例A16
β-羟基丁酰-精氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000067
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苄氧羰基保护的精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以催化氢化方式脱去苄氧羰基制备制备，收率23.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.35(m,1H),4.01(m,1H),2.61(m,2H),2.34(m,2H),1.61(m,2H),1.21(m,2H),1.01(m,3H).
实施例A17
β-羟基丁酰-半胱氨酸伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000068
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与半胱氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率30.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.32(m,1H),4.12(m,1H),2.54(m,2H),2.34(m,2H),1.12(m,3H).
实施例A18
β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000069
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与天冬酰胺乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率30.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.17(m,1H),3.93(m,1H),2.43(m,2H),2.18(m,2H),0.98(d,3H).
实施例A19
β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酰胺伪二肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000070
合成路线可参照实施例A1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与天冬酰胺乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率30.5％。
H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.20(m,2H),2.46(m,2H),2.25(m,2H),1.86(m,2H),1.21(m,3H)。
实施例B1
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000071
合成路线：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000072
叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸(2.18g，0.01mol)、苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(2.3g,0.01mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.12g,0.001mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(1.2g，0.012mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(3.1g,0.015mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分 别用50mL水洗两次，20mL 0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，20mL二氯甲烷洗涤一次，然后用1M稀盐酸调节pH值到2-3，然后用50mL二氯甲烷各萃取三次，合并有机相干燥浓缩得到淡黄色油状物即为叔丁基二甲基硅基保护的β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酸伪二肽。将此油状物与谷氨酸二乙酯盐酸盐(2.4g,0.01mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.12g,0.001mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(1.2g，0.012mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(3.1g,0.015mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分别用50mL水洗两次，20mL 0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩。将浓缩液用50mL四氢呋喃溶解，加入1当量的四丁基氟化氨，室温搅拌1h，然后加水淬灭反应，减压蒸掉四氢呋喃，水相用30mL二氯甲烷各萃取3次，合并有机相，用30mL饱和氯化钠洗一次，浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，反应液用20mL二氯甲烷洗三次，水相浓缩，乙醇/丙酮重结晶得到白色固体2.1g，即为β-羟基丁酰--苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸伪三肽钠盐，收率49.3％。在β-羟基丁酰--苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸伪三肽钠盐中，加入等当量氯化氢乙醇溶液，过滤，浓缩，即可得到β-羟基丁酰--苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸伪三肽，为白色固体。收率为36％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.16(m,5H),4.54(m,1H),4.00(m,2H),3.10(m,1H),2.86(m,1H),2.26(m,2H),2.05(m,2H),1.67(m,2H),1.07(m,3H).
实施例B2
β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酸-丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000073
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率48.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.29(m,1H),4.10(m,2H),2.39(m,2H),1.84(m,1H),1.40(m,1H),1.26(m,3H),1.15(m,4H),0.87(m,6H).
实施例B3
β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酸-甘氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000074
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率38.0％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.33(m,1H),4.16(m,1H),3.69(m,2H),2.45(m,2H),1.90(m,1H),1.29(m,1H),1.18(d,3H),0.85(m,6H).
实施例B4
β-羟基丁酰-缬氨酸-丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000075
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率41.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.11(m,3H),2.45(d,2H),2.06(m,1H),1.28(d,3H),1.17(d,3H),0.90(d,6H).
实施例B5
β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸-丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000076
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率47.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.31(m,1H),4.12(m,1H),3.84(m,2H),2.37(m,2H),1.32(d,3H),1.12(d,3H).
实施例B6
β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸-蛋氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000077
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率36.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.21(m,1H),4.07(m,1H),3.84(m,2H),2.35(m,4H),2.00(m,1H),1.98(s,3H),1.80(m,1H),1.13(d,3H).
实施例B7
β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸-异亮氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000078
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率46.7％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.11(m,1H),4.00(m,1H),3.81(m,2H),2.34(m,2H),1.72(m,1H),1.29(m,1H),1.12(d,3H),0.98(m,1H),0.75(m,6H).
实施例B8
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000079
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率40.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.24(m,5H),4.32(m,1H),4.14(m,1H),4.03(m,1H),3.04(m,1H),2.88(m,1H),2.29(m,2H),1.13(m,6H).
实施例B9
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-蛋氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000080
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率41.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.22(m,2H),4.05(m,1H),2.39(m,2H),2.34(m,2H),2.00(m,1H),1.98(s,3H),1.85(m,1H),1.30(m,3H),1.13(m,3H).
实施例B10
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-甘氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000081
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率35.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.28(m,1H),4.10(m,1H),3.66(m,2H),2.36(m,2H),1.30(d,3H),1.13(d,3H)。
实施例B11
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-谷氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000082
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率49.1％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)4.25(m,1H),4.09(m,1H),4.00(m,1H),2.33(m,2H),2.07(m,2H),1.95(m,1H),1.78(m,1H),1.28(m,3H),1.11(d,3H).
实施例B12
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-脯氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000083
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和脯氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率31.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.60(m,1H),4.16(m,2H),3.55(m,2H),2.31(m,2H),2.01(m,2H),1.84(m,2H),1.28(m,3H),1.12(m,3H).
实施例B13
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-缬氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000084
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率48.6％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.27(m,1H),4.11(m,1H),4.00(m,1H),2.31(m,2H),2.00(m,1H),1.31(m,3H),1.13(m,3H),0.81(m,6H).
实施例B14
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸-异亮氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000085
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率47.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.26(m,1H),4.10(m,1H),3.97(m,1H),2.33(m,2H),1.73(m,1H),1.30(m,4H),1.13(m 3H),1.02(m,1H),0.79(m,6H)。
实施例B15
β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-亮氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000086
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率56.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.11(m,3H),2.41(m,2H),1.79(m,1H),1.89(m,1H),1.51(m,1H),1.17(m,6H),0.83(m,12H).
实施例B16
β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酰-缬氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000087
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率58.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.24(m,1H),4.06(m,1H),3.94(m,1H),2.35(m,2H),1.98(m,1H),1.52(m,3H),1.11(d,3H),0.76(m,12H).
实施例B17
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000088
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率59.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.21(m,5H),4.58(m,1H),3.90(m,1H),3.69(m,1H),3.57(m,1H),3.13(m,1H),2.83(m,1H),2.28(m,2H),0.93(m,3H)。
实施例B18
β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酰-丝氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000089
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丝氨酸乙酯盐酸盐分两次缩合制备，收率39.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.17(m,3H),3.70(m,4H),2.38(m,2H)1.13(d,3H)。
实施例B19
β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000090
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，以叔丁氧羰基保护端基氨基的赖氨酸乙酯盐酸盐与中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸反应，然后与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备，收率为33.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.23(m,2H),4.03(m,1H),2.62(m,2H),2.30(m,2H),1.64(m,2H),1.35(m,2H),1.26(m,5H),1.09(m,3H)。
实施例B20
β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酰胺-苯丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000091
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与谷氨酰胺乙酯盐酸盐和苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率23.2％。
H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.14(m,5H),4.25(m,3H),3.11(m,2H),2.94(m,2H),2.25(m,2H),1.92(m,2H),1.26(m,3H).
实施例B21
β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000092
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与天冬酰胺乙酯盐酸盐和丝氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率23.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.29(m,1H),4.17(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),3.69(m,2H),3.07(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),1.14(d,3H).
实施例B22
β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酰-色氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000093
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与酪氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和叔丁氧羰基保护的色氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备制备，收率21.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.99(m,1H),7.23(m,4H)，7.12(m,4H),4.32(m,1H),3.95(m,1H),3.12(m,1H),2.80(m,4H),2.19(m,2H),1.07(m,3H).
实施例B23
β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000094
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率23.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.20(m,2H),4.12(m,1H),2.54(m,2H),2.40(m,2H),2.01(s,3H),1.95(m,1H),1.88(m,1H),1.24(m,3H),1.12(m,3H).
实施例B24
β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-脯氨酸伪三肽
实施例B25
β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酰-谷氨酸伪三肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000095
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与脯氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率20.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.27(m,2H),4.10(m,1H),3.56(m,2H),2.50(m,4H),2.12(m,2H),2.03(m,2H),1.83(m,2H),1.17(m,3H).
实施例C1
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-甘氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000096
合成路线：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000097
叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸(2.18g，0.01mol)、丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(1.53g,0.01mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.12g,0.001mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(1.2g，0.012mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(3.1g,0.015mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分别用50mL水洗两次，20mL 0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，20mL二氯甲烷洗涤一次，然后用1M稀盐酸调节pH值到2-3，然后用50mL二氯甲烷各萃取 三次，合并有机相干燥浓缩得到淡黄色油状物即为叔丁基二甲基硅基保护的β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸伪二肽。将此油状物与缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(1.81g,0.01mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.12g,0.001mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(1.2g，0.012mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(3.1g,0.015mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分别用50mL水洗两次，20mL 0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，20mL二氯甲烷洗涤一次，然后用1M稀盐酸调节pH值到2-3，然后用50mL二氯甲烷各萃取三次，合并有机相干燥浓缩得到类白色固体物即为叔丁基二甲基硅基保护的β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酸伪三肽。将此固体与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(1.39g,0.01mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.12g,0.001mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(1.2g，0.012mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(3.1g,0.015mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分别用50mL水洗两次，20mL0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩将浓缩液用50mL四氢呋喃溶解，加入1当量的四丁基氟化氨，室温搅拌1h，然后加水淬灭反应，减压蒸掉四氢呋喃，水相用30mL二氯甲烷各萃取3次，合并有机相，用30mL饱和氯化钠洗一次，浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，反应液用20mL二氯甲烷洗三次，然后用1M稀盐酸调节pH值到2-3，用50mL二氯甲烷各萃取三次，合并有机相干燥浓缩得到类白色固体物，乙醇/丙酮重结晶得到白色固体1.9g，即为β-羟基丁酰--苯丙氨酰-谷氨酸伪三肽钠盐，收率57.4％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.23(m,1H),4.08(m,2H),3.87(m,2H),2.30(m,2H),1.99(m,1H),1.25(m,3H),1.12(m,3H),0.84(m,6H).
实施例C2
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000098
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率46.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.22(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),4.01(m,2H),2.32(m,3H),2.00(m,3H),1.25(m,4H),1.08(d,3H),0.81(m,6H).
实施例C3
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000099
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率41.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.21(m,2H),4.01(m,2H),2.33(m,2H),1.94(m,1H),1.83(m,1H),1.35(m,4H),1.09(m,4H),0.77(m,12H).
实施例C4
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丙氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000100
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率28.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.16(m,5H),4.54(m,1H),4.20(m,1H),4.00(m,2H),3.10(m,1H),2.96(m,1H),2.29(m,2H),2.03(m,2H),1.65(m,2H),1.23(m,3H),1.07(m,3H).
实施例C5
β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000101
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率23.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.29(m,1H),4.11(m,3H),2.39(m,2H),1.84(m,1H),1.53(m,3H),1.40(m,1H),1.26(m,3H),1.15(m,4H),0.85(m,9H),0.79(m,3H).
实施例C6
β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-蛋氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000102
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率28.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.31(m,1H),4.22(m,1H),4.12(m,1H),3.84(m,2H),2.57(m,2H),2.37(m,2H),2.05(s,3H),1.95(m,2H),1.32(d,3H),1.12(d,3H).
实施例C7
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-蛋氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000103
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率28.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.23(m,3H),4.05(m,1H),2.51(m,2H),2.39(m,2H),2.34(m,2H),2.00(m,3H),1.98(s,3H),1.85(m,1H),1.30(m,3H),1.13(m,3H).
实施例C8
β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酰-缬氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000104
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率28.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.25(m,2H),4.06(m,1H),3.94(m,1H),2.51(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),2.11(m,2H),1.98(m,1H),1.52(m,3H),1.11(d,3H),0.76(m,12H).
实施例C9
β-羟基丁酰--丝氨酰-丝氨酰-丝氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000105
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丝氨酸乙酯盐酸盐分三次缩合制备，收率19.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.19(m,4H),3.71(m,6H),2.40(m,2H)1.15(d,3H).
实施例C10
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000106
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率19.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.23(m,5H),4.60(m,1H),4.23(m,1H),3.90(m,1H),3.69(m,1H),3.54(m,1H),3.13(m,1H),2.83(m,1H),2.28(m,2H),1.23(m,3H),0.93(m,3H).
实施例C11
β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酰-丙氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000107
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，以叔丁氧羰基保护端基氨基的赖氨酸乙酯盐酸盐与中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸反应，然后与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备，收率为16.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.25(m,3H),4.03(m,1H),2.62(m,2H),2.50(m,2H),2.30(m,2H),2.12(m,2H),1.64(m,2H),1.35(m,2H),1.26(m,5H),1.09(m,3H).
实施例C12
β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酰-谷氨酰胺伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000108
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与天冬酰胺乙酯盐酸盐和丝氨酸乙酯盐酸盐以及谷氨酰胺乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率13.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.29(m,2H),4.17(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),3.69(m,2H),3.09(m,2H),2.94(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),1.94(m,2H),1.17(d,3H).
实施例C13
β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酰-色氨酰-丙氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000109
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与酪氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和叔丁氧羰基保护的色氨酸乙酯盐酸盐以及丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备，收率11.8％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ8.01(m,1H),7.25(m,4H)，7.14(m,4H),4.32(m,2H),3.97(m,1H),3.14(m,1H),2.80(m,4H),2.21(m,2H),1.23(m,3H),1.07(m,3H).
实施例C14
β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酰-丙氨酰-色氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000110
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与蛋氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和叔丁氧羰基保护的色氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应，并以1M稀盐酸脱去叔丁氧羰基制备，收率13.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ8.01(m,1H),7.24(m,4H)，4.20(m,3H),4.12(m,1H),2.79(m,2H),2.54(m,2H),2.40(m,2H),2.01(s,3H),1.95(m,1H),1.88(m,1H),1.24(m,3H),1.12(m,3H).
实施例C14
β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酰-谷氨酰-甘氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000111
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与脯氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐以及甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率14.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ4.27(m,2H),4.15(m,3H),3.56(m,2H),2.50(m,4H),2.10(m,2H),2.05(m,2H),1.84(m,2H),1.16(m,3H).
实施例C15
β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酰-苯丙氨酸伪四肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000112
合成路线可参照实施例B1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与天冬酰胺乙酯盐酸盐和丝氨酸乙酯盐酸盐以及苯丙氨酸盐酸盐制备，收率13.2％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D 2O)δ7.17(m,5H),4.29(m,2H),4.17(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),3.69(m,2H),3.07(m,2H),2.82(m,2H)2.35(m,2H),1.14(d,3H).
实施例C16
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酸伪五肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000113
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与苯丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、谷氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率18.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.16(m,5H),4.54(m,1H),4.18(m,2H),4.06(m,2H),3.05(m,2H),2.29(m,2H),2.03(m,2H),1.65(m,2H),1.51(m,3H),1.23(m,3H),1.07(m,3H),0.83(d,3H),0.79(d,3H).
实施例C17
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酸伪五肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000114
合成路线可参照实施例C1的合成路线，由中间体叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酸与丙氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、缬氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、异亮氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐制备，收率19.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.21(m,2H),4.05(m,4H),2.35(m,2H),2.00(m,1H),1.83(m,1H),1.35(m,4H),1.09(m,4H),0.77(m,12H).
实施例C18
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酸伪六肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000115
合成路线：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000116
叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酸伪三肽(2.01g，0.005mol)、苯丙胺酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酸乙酯(2.19g,0.005mol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.06g,0.0005mol)加入50mL二氯甲烷中，加入三乙胺(0.6g，0.006mol)搅拌20分钟。N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(1.65g,0.0075mol)溶于20mL二氯甲烷中，滴入反应液，滴加结束后室温搅拌3h，抽滤，滤液分别用50mL水洗两次，20mL0.1M稀盐酸洗两次，20mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗一次，20mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗一次，二氯甲烷相干燥后浓缩。将缩合后的浓缩液用50mL四氢呋喃溶解，加入1当量的四丁基氟化氨，室温搅拌1h，然后加水淬灭反应，减压蒸掉四氢呋喃，水相用30mL二氯甲烷各萃取3次，合并有机相，用30mL饱和氯化钠洗一次，浓缩。浓缩液加入1倍当量的1M氢氧化钠水溶液，保持pH在7-8，搅拌1h，反应液用20mL二氯甲烷洗三次，水相加入稀盐酸调pH等于6，以20mL二氯甲烷分别萃取3次，干燥浓缩，乙醇/丙酮重结晶得到白色固体2.1g，即为β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酸伪六肽，收 率73.7％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.16(m,5H),4.26(m,3H),4.15(m,2H),3.97(m,1H),3.74(d,2H),3.12(m,1H),2.82(m,1H),2.50(m,2H),2.33(m,2H),2.09(m,2H),1.73(m,1H),1.30(m,4H),1.12(m 3H),1.00(m,1H),0.81(m,6H).
实施例C19
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酰-酪氨酰-天冬酰胺伪七肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000117
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酸伪五肽与酪氨酰-天冬酰胺乙酯制备，收率68.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.21(m,9H),4.54(m,1H),4.32(m,2H),4.18(m,2H),4.06(m,2H),3.10(m,6H),2.27(m,2H),2.01(m,2H),1.65(m,2H),1.51(m,3H),1.23(m,3H),1.06(m,3H),0.82(d,3H),0.79(d,3H).
实施例C20
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酰-赖氨酰-苏氨酸伪七肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000118
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酸伪五肽和赖氨酰-苏氨酸二肽乙酯制备，收率54.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.42(m,1H),4.25(m,3H),4.01(m,5H),2.65(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),2.00(m,1H),1.83(m,1H),1.64(m,2H),1.35(m,6H),1.21(m,2H),1.11(m,7H),0.77(m,12H).
实施例C21
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酰-酪氨酰-天冬酰胺伪八肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000119
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁 酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酸伪六肽与酪氨酰-天冬酰胺乙酯制备，收率54.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.15(m,9H),4.27(m,5H),4.15(m,2H),3.97(m,1H),3.73(m,2H),3.15(m,4H),2.87(m,2H),2.50(m,2H),2.33(m,2H),2.09(m,2H),1.73(m,1H),1.30(m,4H),1.12(m 3H),1.00(m,1H),0.84(m,6H).
实施例C22
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酰-酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酸伪八肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000120
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酸伪五肽与酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酸三肽乙酯制备，收率48.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.21(m,9H),4.54(m,1H),4.32(m,2H),4.20(m,3H),4.06(m,2H),3.10(m,6H),2.27(m,2H),2.01(m,2H),1.65(m,2H),1.51(m,3H),1.26(m,6H),1.06(m,3H),0.82(d,3H),0.79(d,3H).
实施例C23
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酰-赖氨酰-苏氨酰-丙氨酸伪八肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000121
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酸伪五肽和赖氨酰-苏氨酰-丙氨酸三肽乙酯制备，收率44.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.42(m,1H),4.25(m,4H),4.01(m,5H),2.65(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),2.00(m,1H),1.83(m,1H),1.64(m,2H),1.35(m,6H),1.25(m,5H),1.11(m,7H),0.77(m,12H).
实施例C24
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酰-酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酸伪九肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000122
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酸伪六肽与酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酸三肽乙酯制备，收率44.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.16(m,9H),4.29(m,6H),4.13(m,2H),4.00(m,1H),3.73(m,2H),3.14(m,4H),2.87(m,2H),2.51(m,2H),2.34(m,2H),2.09(m,2H),1.73(m,1H),1.28(m,7H),1.12(m 3H),1.00(m,1H),0.84(m,6H).
实施例C25
β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酰-酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺伪九肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000123
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酸伪五肽与酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺四肽乙酯制备，收率38.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.21(m,9H),4.54(m,1H),4.32(m,2H),4.23(m,4H),4.06(m,2H),3.10(m,6H),2.90(m,2H),2.29(m,2H),1.95(m,4H),1.64(m,2H),1.51(m,3H),1.27(m,6H),1.03(m,3H),0.86(d,3H),0.80(d,3H).
实施例C26
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酰-赖氨酰-苏氨酰-丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺伪九肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000124
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酸伪五肽和赖氨酰-苏氨酰-丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺四肽乙酯制备，收率44.3％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ4.45(m,1H),4.25(m,5H),4.00(m,5H),2.96(m,2H),2.65(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),2.00(m,3H),1.86(m,1H),1.65(m,2H),1.35(m,6H),1.25(m,5H),1.07(m,7H),0.80(m,12H).
实施例C27
β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酰-酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺伪十肽
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000125
合成路线可参照实施例C18的合成路线，由叔丁基二甲基硅醚β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丝氨酸伪六肽与酪氨酰-天冬酰胺-丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺四肽乙酯制备，收率54.5％。
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.15(m,9H),4.23(m,7H),4.15(m,2H),3.97(m,1H),3.73(m,2H),3.15(m,4H),2.90(m,4H),2.50(m,2H),2.33(m,2H),2.09(m,2H),1.93(m,2H),1.71(m,1H),1.26(m,7H),1.16(m 3H),1.00(m,1H),0.82(m,6H).
实施例D1
β-羟基丁酰氨基酸在人体内的代谢。
β-羟基丁酰伪二肽在体内主要代谢为氨基酸和β-羟基丁酸，而且β-羟基丁酰伪二肽的生物利用度要比β-羟基丁酸生物利用度高40％以上。
以β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸为例，大鼠按1mol/Kg分别口服β-羟基丁酸盐和β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸，液质联用检测血药浓度。口服β-羟基丁酸盐后血液中β-羟基丁酸血药浓度变化曲线见图1，口服β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸后血液中β-羟基丁酸和β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸血药浓度变化曲线见图2，其中，曲线a为β-羟基丁酸血药浓度，曲线b为β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸血药浓度。由图2可以看出，β-羟基丁酸血药浓度曲线图跟β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸血药浓度曲线图变化趋势相同， 说明β-羟基丁酸血药浓度的变化跟β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸直接相关，β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸优先从酰胺键断裂。
大鼠按1mol/Kg分别口服β-羟基丁酸盐和β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸，液质联用检测血药浓度。图1中，表观分布容积显示AUC β-羟基丁酸＝61.26。图2中，AUC β-羟基丁酸+β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸-＝103.41。说明进入体内的β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸的量比β-羟基丁酸提高了68.8％，可见β-羟基丁酰谷氨酸的生物利用度比β-羟基丁酸生物利用度提高了68.8％。
实施例D2
评价化合物及组合的减肥功效。
任选1种或者几种伪肽(任意比)组成不同的重量配比进行小鼠急毒试验和建立减肥模型人体实验减肥瘦身效果进行检测。因结果具有相似性。本实例只选取β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸；β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酸，β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸-蛋氨酸按照4:3:3的重量比，制成制剂进行相关的实验。
①急毒实验
取4组小鼠，每组10只，体重在20±2g，雌雄各5只，禁食5小时，取本发明的化合物组合制剂按0g/20g、0.2g/20g、0.5g/20g、1.0g/20g分别对每组小鼠灌胃，观察小鼠活动情况，24小时内观察4次，以后每天观察2次，至7天，发现小鼠给药组和空白组在行动、神经系统反应和自主行动系统反应无明显差异，LED 50为零。
②药效学实验
取5组小鼠，每组10只，体重在23±1g，雌雄各5只，其中1组普通饲料喂养，4组连续高脂饲料喂养，自第六周起，取本发明的化合物组合物制剂按0g/20g、0.01g/20g、0.04g/20g、0.06g/20g分别对高脂饲料喂养组小鼠灌胃，每日一次，连续十周，体重结果如表1和图3所示。
表1 减肥模型数据统计
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000126
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000127
从表1和图3可以得出，高脂饲料空白组小鼠比正常饲料空白组小鼠体重多增加了31.7％，使用本发明的化合物组合物制剂灌胃的用药组小鼠比高脂饲料空白组体重分别减少了11.6％、14.4％和15.0％；实验结束对小鼠解剖，取子宫或睾丸周围脂肪，其脂肪比重分别减少了14.6％、24.3％和26.2％。由实验结果可以得出本发明的化合物组合物制剂能够明显减少高脂饲料小鼠体重，其对于小鼠子宫或睾丸周围的脂肪也得到减少，由此可见小鼠体重减少的主要原因是体内脂肪的减少。
从上述实施例可以看出，本发明所采取的配比具有较好的减肥作用。其他的化合物均具有相应的减肥作用。除此之外，本发明还可以其它方式实现，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下任何显而易见的替换均在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例D3
评价化合物及化合物组合抗衰劳功效。
任选1种或者几种伪肽(任意比)组成不同的重量配比进行急毒实验、体外抗衰老实验和药效学实验。因结果具有相似性，考虑抗衰老效果的活性及适用性，本实例随意选取一比例，具体配比如下：1％的β-羟基丁酰-组氨酸；8％β- 羟基丁酰-精氨酸；6％的β-羟基丁酰-天冬氨酸；8％的β-羟基丁酰-苏氨酸；15％的β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酸；15％的β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酸；10％的β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸；10％的β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸；15％的β-羟基丁酰-苏氨酸；10％的β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酸；2％的β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酸。根据这个配比制备成制剂进行相关的急毒实验和药效学实验。
①急毒实验
急毒实验的实验方法以及结果为：取4组小鼠，每组10只，体重在20±2g，雌雄各5只，禁食5小时，取应用例1-6的制剂按0.2g/20g、0.5g/20g、1.0g/20g分别对每组小鼠灌胃，观察小鼠活动情况，24小时内观察4次，以后每天观察2次，至7天，发现小鼠给药组和空白组在行动、神经系统反应和自主行动系统反应无明显差异，LED 50为零。
②药效学实验
药效学实验的实验方法以及结果为：取6组昆明小鼠1-2个月龄，每组10只，体重在23±1g，每组雌雄各5只，分为对照组、模型组、维生素E组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。除对照组外，各组小鼠每天颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖1.25g/kg，每三天称重一次，根据体重调节用量，连续40天，对照组每天注射等量生理盐水。第11天起，维生素E组每天按照100mg/kg灌胃，剂量组按照50mg/kg、100mg/kg、200mg/kg分别对每组小鼠灌胃，正常组和衰老模型组用等量蒸馏水灌胃，连续30天，于最后一次注射D-半乳糖2小时，最后一次灌胃1小时后并取其大脑、肝脏、血液于4度下3000r/min离心，取血清，大脑、肝脏分别按照SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所)中组织液的制作要求进行组织匀浆，然后按照试剂盒要求测定血清、大脑匀浆液、肝脏匀浆液的血清超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化氢酶CAT、丙二醛MDA和总抗氧化能力T-AOC水平，得到以下实验结果，如表2、表3、表4、表5所示。
表2 血清中SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC含量的测定结果
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000128
表3 肝脏中SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC含量的测定结果
组别 剂量(g/kg) SOD(U/mL) CAT(U/mL) MDA(U/mL) T-AOC(U/mL)
对照组 - 358.39±53.24 33.65±3.52 6.16±1.33 1.65±0.63
模型组 - 248.31±74.36 23.57±4.48 8.01±2.22 1.29±0.88
VE组 0.1 593.88±59.81 54.69±5.31 3.12±1.45 3.32±1.60
低剂量组 0.05 574.06±73.28 53.31±4.89 3.27.±1.33 2.68±1.75
中剂量组 0.1 651.23±63.39 57.86±6.78 2.79±0.86 3.27±1.21
高剂量组 0.2 685.43±84.87 61.26±7.52 2.38±1.31 3.56±1.42
表4 大脑中SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC含量的测定结果
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000129
表5 化合物组合制剂对血清、肝脏和大脑的SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC含量影响比率
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000130
生物学上SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC是考察抗衰老效果的重要指标之一，从表5可以看出，我们发明的一种提高免疫力和抗衰老的复方制剂的不同剂量对抗衰老模型大鼠血清、肝脏和大脑中的SOD、CAT、MDA和T-AOC含量产生明显的影响，雌雄没有统计学差异，动物体内活性显示中等剂量复方制剂能分别提高大脑中的SOD、CAT和T-AOC含量115％、135％和227％，使MDA降低46％，明显要比维生素E活性高，进一步证实，我们所采用的化合物组合制剂具有增强免疫和抗衰老复方制剂能够显著提高大鼠抗衰老能力和增强免疫的能力。
实施例D4
评价化合物及化合物组合在化妆品的应用。
现在化妆品最流行的三大成分——尿玻酸、胶原蛋白和寡肽。其中寡肽中氨基酸数量为2-4的被称之为小分子活性肽，其以优越的活性，正在逐步改变着化妆品产业的升级换代。伪肽在细胞的穿透力和活性都优于小分子活性肽，其潜在应用价值也高于二肽。由实施例D2相关测试结果表明，本发明所合成的新化合物具有一定的抗衰老功能。为了进一步评价该类化合物在化妆品的用途，选取具有代表意义的伪肽组合进行相关的评价。具体配比为：
任选1种或者几种伪肽(任意比)组成不同的重量配比进行急毒实验、体外抗衰老实验和药效学实验。因结果具有相似性，考虑抗衰老效果的活性及适 用性，本实例随意选取一比例，对所制成的一种抗衰老修复精华化妆品进行相关的评价。具体原料如下：
一种抗衰老修复精华，由如下原料组成：
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000131
本应用例的的抗衰老修复精华液只需将各原料进行搅拌混合即可制得，具体地条件及参数控制属于现有技术范畴，此处不累述。
本发明的化合物组合中的伪肽可以很好的清除人体内的自由基，延缓皮肤老化，补充氨基酸，可以有效加速细胞更新，改善皮肤透明度和光泽度，减少细纹与皱纹。
针对本发明实例中所制备的抗衰老修复精华进行祛皱效果测试，实验对象的年龄为35-55岁，脸上具有细纹、某些部位皱纹明显、肤色暗沉的女性10名；实验方法为实验组的女性每天清晨采用应用例7的衰老修复精华敷脸，使用周期为30天，第3、7、30天分别对该些女性做皮肤纹理实验及肉眼直观实验，有效评价为：肌肤水润光滑、嫩白有弹性，皮肤纹理度明显变细腻，肉眼观察脸部皱纹明显变少深纹变浅；无效评价为：皮肤纹理与实验前基本无变化。第3天的有效评价为30％，第7天的有效评价为50％，第30天的有效评价为80％。从该结果可以看出，本发明的提高免疫力和抗衰老的组合物用于护肤品中卓有成效，并且受试人群普遍没有出现皮肤干燥蜕皮、过敏等不良反应。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实现方案，除此之外，本发明还可以其它方式实现，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下任何显而易见的替换均在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例D5
评价化合物及化合物组合降血脂功效。
高血脂对身体的损害是隐匿、逐渐、进行性和全身性的，它的直接损害是加速全身动脉粥样硬化，因为全身的重要器官都要依靠动脉供血、供氧，一旦动脉被粥样斑块堵塞，就会导致严重后果。因此降血脂成为人们研究的热点和难点。本实施例选取一定配比的伪肽进行相关降血脂实验。
30％β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酸；30％的β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸；30％的β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酸；10％的β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酸伪三肽。用该配比制备成相关的制剂进行分别做小鼠动物实验和人体实验对降血脂效果进行评价。
①急毒实验
急毒实验的实验方法以及结果为：取4组小鼠，每组10只，体重在20±2g，雌雄各5只，禁食5小时，取应用例1-6的制剂按0.2g/20g、0.5g/20g、1.0g/20g分别对每组小鼠灌胃，观察小鼠活动情况，24小时内观察4次，以后每天观察2次， 至7天，发现小鼠给药组和空白组在行动、神经系统反应和自主行动系统反应无明显差异，LED 50为零。
②药效学实验
急性高血脂动物模型的制备：取大鼠60只，随机分为6组，每组10只，雌雄各5只，随机分为空白对照组，模型组A、B、C、D、E。取新鲜蛋黄用无菌生理盐水配制成75％乳液。模型组分别腹腔注射一定剂量的75％蛋黄乳液，25ml/kg；空白对照组：腹腔注射等体积生理盐水，24小时后，分别对模型组小鼠眼眶采血，处理离心后取血清，测TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C的水平，模型组和空白对照组比较，TC或LDL-C升高，判定模型成立。
高血脂模型成立后，空白对照组每天灌胃生理盐水10ml/kg,模型A组为模型对照组，每天灌胃生理盐水10ml/kg；模型组B、C、D组实验药品低中高剂量组，每天灌胃实验药品0.7g/kg、1.4g/kg、2.1g/kg，实验药品用生理盐水稀释成溶液，10ml/kg；E组为阿托伐他汀组，每天灌胃阿托伐他汀溶液10ml/kg，给药量2.1g/kg。灌胃持续15天，分别对每组小鼠眼眶采血，处理离心后取血清，测TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C的水平。相关测试结果如图4-7所示。
由图4，图5可看出，小鼠TC的空白对照组、阿托伐他汀钙对照组与高脂模型对照组对比含量明显较低，证明造模成功；其中化合物制剂高、中剂量组的含量明显低于高脂模型对照组(P<0.05)，且呈剂量相关性，具有显著的统计学意义。同时，小鼠TG的空白对照组、阿托伐他汀钙对照组与高脂模型对照组对比含量明显较低(P<0.01)，证明造模成功；复方制剂三个剂量组的含量明显低于高脂模型对照组，呈剂量相关性，具有显著的统计学意义。
由图6，图7可看出，空白对照组与高脂模型对照组相比LDL-C含量明显较低(p＜0.01)，证明造模成功；低、中、高三个剂量组的LDL-C含量低于高脂模型对照组，含量明显降低且呈剂量相关性。三个剂量组的HDL-C含量明显高于高脂模型对照组，呈计量相关性，具有统计学意义。
实施例D6
帕金森病(PD)又名震颤麻痹，是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一。临床上的主要病理改变是中脑黑质致密部(SNc)多巴胺(DA)能神经元选择性的死亡、缺失，导致纹状体DA不足，从而导致基底节神经调节功能的紊乱，其发病的病因，截至目前尚未清楚。然而研究已经证实，该病与氧化应激和线粒体功能异常等具有密切关系，因此，减轻氧化应激损伤可以作为药物作用靶点来治疗帕金森病。此外，最新的研究显示，酮体可以改善帕金森病等神经系统退行性疾病的临床症状，显示出明确的抗氧化保护作用，并且在神经保护方面有一定的效果。帕金森病患者的黑质致密区细胞凋亡，是该病的重要病理基础，抑制此种凋亡，对该病的治疗也会起到积极的作用。为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，实施方式提及的内容并非对本发明的限定。
本实施例任选1种或者几种伪肽(任意比)组成不同的重量配比进行进行预防和治疗帕金森病相关测试。因结果具有相似性，在本实例选取不同配比的伪肽进行评价。
选择的伪肽和配比如下所示：
30％β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酸；
30％的β-羟基丁酰-缬氨酸；
40％的β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酰-丝氨酸伪三肽。
将上述配比制备成相关的制剂。
①急毒实验
取4组小鼠，每组10只，体重在20±2g，雌雄各5只，禁食5小时，取本发明的化合物组合制剂按0g/20g、0.2g/20g、0.5g/20g、1.0g/20g分别对每组小鼠灌胃，观察小鼠活动情况，24小时内观察4次，以后每天观察2次，至7天，发现小鼠给药组和空白组在行动、神经系统反应和自主行动系统反应无明 显差异，LED 50为零。
②药效学实验
(1)动物造模及分组
本实验采用皮下注射鱼藤酮的方法构建帕金森病的小鼠模型。购买成年雄性C57BL/6小鼠50只，体重25-28g，由郑州大学基础医学院提供。小鼠按体重随机平均分为正常对照组(NC组，n＝10)、鱼藤酮(PD模型组，n＝10)、伪肽组合物低剂量治疗组(WTS 1组，n＝10)、伪肽组合物中剂量治疗组(WTS2组，n＝10)、伪肽组合物高剂量治疗组(WTS 3组，n＝10)。
实验中，将鱼藤酮先溶于极低体积的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，然后溶于玉米油(配成2mg/ml油溶液)。鱼藤酮组(PD模型组)每日于颈背部皮下注射鱼藤酮油溶液(3mg/kg小鼠体重)，正常对照组(NC组)于颈背部皮下注射等体积的玉米油(含相应体积的DMSO)，伪肽组合物低剂量治疗组(WTS1组)每日于颈背部皮下注射鱼藤酮，同时按剂量20mg/Kg每天用本发明产品灌胃。伪肽组合物中剂量治疗组(WTS 2组)每日于颈背部皮下注射鱼藤酮，同时按剂量30mg/Kg每天用本发明产品灌胃。伪肽组合物高剂量治疗组(WTS 3组)每日于颈背部皮下注射鱼藤酮，同时按剂量50mg/Kg每天用本发明产品灌胃。实验期间所有小鼠自由饮食和饮水，温度22±2℃，相对湿度(60±15)％。每日观察动物一般状态表现并记录动物行为变化，持续5周。5周行为检测后，采用脱颈法迅速断头取脑，在冰面上迅速分离出中脑黑质和纹状体，玻璃匀浆器制成10％组织匀浆，-80℃冰箱保存。实验时用BCA法定量蛋白，按照试剂盒说明书，采用化学比色法检测脑组织中抗氧化酶SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px、过氧化氢酶CAT活性及丙二醛MDA含量。
(2)统计学方法
所有数据以均数±标准差表示。组间差异比较用ANOVA及Newman-Student多重比较；t检验分析，由SPSS13.0统计软件完成，双侧P＜0.05认为差异有显著性。
(3)各组小鼠的行为状态及体重
PD模型组小鼠从实验开始第10天出现精神萎靡，活动缓慢，毛发松散而无光泽，食欲明显减退，第16天开始相继出现身体屈曲，运动减少，时而伴有强直、震颤表现，显示帕金森的典型行为特征，表明帕金森病小鼠造模成功。其余2组小鼠未出现身体屈曲，运动减少，强直、震颤表现。对各组小鼠每日体重测量发现，PD模型组小鼠体重增长较其它各组缓慢，但组间比较均无显著性差异。
(4)各组小鼠脑黑质氧化应激指标
对各组小鼠的黑质氧化应激指标的测定结果显示，PD模型组的小鼠，其被测定的各项生化指标均偏离NC组的小鼠所测定的值。WTS治疗组的小鼠各项氧化应激指标均得到了较大程度的恢复。所测定的结果如表6所示。
表6 小鼠中脑黑质氧化应激指标(n＝10)
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000132
注：与NC组比较'p＜0.05；与PD模型组比较*p＜0.05
PD模型组的MDA、GSH-Px、SOD、CAT均显著高于NC组(P<0.05)，WTS三个治疗组的各组数据与PD模型组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.05)，WTS2组和WTS3组与NC组之间没有统计学差异(p>0.05)。
(5)对各组小鼠右侧纹状体氧化应激指标
相关的测定结果如表7所示。
表7 小鼠右侧纹状体氧化应激指标(n＝10)
Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-000133
注：与NC组比较'p＜0.05；与PD模型组比较*p＜0.05。
PD模型组的MDA、GSH-Px、SOD、CAT均显著高于NC组(P<0.05)，WTS三个治疗组的各组数据与PD模型组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.05),WTS2组和WTS3组与NC组之间没有统计学差异(p>0.05)。
(6)TH、α-SYN和LC-3B免疫阳性反应
对各组小鼠黑质致密区TH、α-SYN及LC3-B测试具体实验结果如表8所示。
表8 小鼠中脑黑质致密区TH、α-SYN及LC3-B细胞数(n＝10)
序号 组别 TH a-SYN LC3-B
1 NC组 44.35±3.07 36.38±3.23 8.26±1.15
2 PD模型组 20.54±2.65' 58.94±4.19' 65.33±3.83'
3 WTS 1组 30.62±2.83* 42.96±3.24* 38.15±3.47*
4 WTS 2组 36.54±3.65* 35.06±4.57* 28.03±3.72*
5 WTS 3组 42.01±2.38* 32.28±3.89* 23.13±3.05*
注：与NC组比较'p＜0.01；与PD模型组比较*p＜0.05
采集图像统计分析发现，PD模型组小鼠黑质TH阳性细胞数显著低于NC照和WTS1、WTS2、WTS3组(P<0.01)，α-SYN,LC3-B阳性细胞数显著高于NC组和WTS1、WTS2、WTS3组(P<0.01)。WTS1、WTS2、WTS3治疗组与PD模型组比较，TH阳性神经元数显著增加，α-SYN，LC3-B阳性神经 元数显著下降(P<0.05)。
对各组小鼠纹状体TH、α-SYN及LC3-B测试具体实验结果如表9所示。
表9 小鼠中脑纹状体TH、α-SYN及LC3-B细胞数(n＝10)
序号 组别 TH a-SYN LC3-B
1 NC组 47.53±5.07 26.38±3.25 8.36±1.65
2 PD模型组 12.54±2.65' 58.43±7.49' 55.33±6.43'
3 WTS 1组 31.63±2.43* 42.33±4.34* 37.25±3.57*
4 WTS 2组 35.52±3.67* 37.06±4.47* 28.13±3.12*
5 WTS 3组 42.93±2.48* 32.38±3.79* 20.16±2.05*
注：与NC组比较'p＜0.01；与PD模型组比较*p＜0.05
采集图像统计分析发现，PD模型组小鼠纹状体TH免疫阳性细胞数显著低于NC对照组和WTS1、WTS2、WTS3治疗组(P<0.01)，α-SYN，LC3-B阳性细胞数显著高于NC和WTS1、WTS2、WTS3治疗组(P<0.01)。WTS1、WTS2、WTS3治疗组治疗组和PD模型组比较，TH免疫阳性细胞数及α-SYN、LC3-B阳性神经元数显著高于PD模型组，有显著性差(P<0.05)。
综上所述，伪肽可有效改善鱼藤酮制造的帕金森小鼠模型的病理症状，降低黑质及纹状体神经元的毒性，激活中脑黑质及纹状体神经元的自噬活性，对帕金森病具有预防和治疗的作用。
实施例D7
阿尔海默式综合症是一种持续性高级神经功能活动障碍，即在没有意识障碍的状态下，记忆、思维、分析判断、视空间辨认、情绪等方面的障碍。目 前，中国已经成为老年痴呆症病患者最多的国家，然而只有大约21％的病人真正前去就医。老年痴呆症目前无法治愈，患者却需要长久的医疗保障，因此如何更加有效的诊断和治疗方法成为了当代医学研究的热点。本发明系列化合物对预防和治疗帕金森病进行了相关的测试，试验表明：β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸伪肽对于帕金森病具有一定的治疗效果。为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面结合实施例对本发明化合物的在阿尔海默症的应用作进一步的说明，实施方式提及的内容并非对本发明的限定。
本实施例任选1种或者几种伪肽(任意比)组成不同的重量配比进行预防和治疗阿尔海默症相关测试。因结果具有相似性，在本实例选取不同配比的伪肽进行大鼠跳台和避暗试验的评价。
该药物组合物包含下列原料配制而成：
30％的β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酸、30％的β-羟基丁酰-缬氨酰-蛋氨酸、40％的β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酰-组氨酰-甘氨酸。
将上述配比制备成相关的制剂。
①急毒实验
取4组小鼠，每组10只，体重在20±2g，雌雄各5只，禁食5小时，取本发明的化合物组合制剂按0g/20g、0.2g/20g、0.5g/20g、1.0g/20g分别对每组小鼠灌胃，观察小鼠活动情况，24小时内观察4次，以后每天观察2次，至7天，发现小鼠给药组和空白组在行动、神经系统反应和自主行动系统反应无明显差异，LED 50为零。
②药效学实验
(1)实验的原料、仪器和实验分组
原料：β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸伪肽由本公司实验室合成，氢化麦角碱、胞二磷胆碱、高泛酸钙、卵磷脂由网化商城购置。
仪器：大鼠跳台记录系统由安徽正华生物仪器设备有限公司购置、大鼠避暗仪由安徽正华生物仪器设备有限公司购置。
动物：Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠，6周龄、雄性、180～220g、清洁级，由郑州大学基础医学院实验动物中心提供。
实验分组：(1)空白对照组：健康SD大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹三蒸水灌胃，灌胃容量为10ml/kg，连续灌胃8周；(2)阿尔海默式综合症模型组：2VO法制备阿尔海默式综合症大鼠模型15只；(3)本发明低剂量组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用本发明溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度5mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周；(4)本发明中剂量组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用本发明溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度10mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周；(5)本发明高剂量组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用本发明溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度25mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周；(6)氢化麦角碱组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用氢化麦角碱溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度2.0mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周；(7)胞二磷胆碱组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用胞二磷胆碱溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度1.0mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周；(8)高泛酸钙组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用高泛酸钙溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度2mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周；(9)卵磷脂组：阿尔海默式综合症模型大鼠15只，每天清晨空腹用卵磷脂溶液灌胃，灌胃浓度0.2mg/kg，灌胃容量为10ml/kg给药，连续灌胃8周。实验期间所有小鼠自由饮食和饮水，温度22±2℃，相对湿度(60±15)％。每日观察动物一般状态表现并记录动物行为变化。
③采用统计学方法。
所有数据以均数±标准差表示。组间差异比较用ANOVA及Newman-Student多重比较；t检验分析，由SPSS 13.0统计软件完成，双侧P＜0.05认为差异有显著性。
④大鼠跳台试验
将分组的大鼠进行相关的大鼠跳台试验，测试结果如表10如下。
表10 本发明可对阿尔海默式综合症大鼠跳台试验的影响
序号 分组 n 潜伏期(秒) 错误次数/5分钟(次)
1 空白对照组 15 173.53±25.23'* 0.26±0.11'*
2 阿尔海默式综合症模型组 15 61.32±20.96* 2.75±1.94*
3 本发明低剂量组 15 70.57±18.34'* 2.71±1.32'*
4 本发明中剂量组 15 90.79±17.31'* 2.20±0.45'*
5 本发明高剂量组 15 120.35±15.42' 0.80±0.22'
6 氢化麦角碱组 15 120.53±20.74'* 1.33±0.45'*
7 胞二磷胆碱组 15 123.21±19.38'* 1.57±0.57'*
8 高泛酸钙组 15 95.77±23.24'* 1.54±0.34'*
9 卵磷脂组 15 85.38±23.21'* 1.00±0.54'*
注：与阿尔海默式综合症模型组比较，'P＜0.05；与本发明高剂量组比较，*P＜0.05。
试验结果显示，本发明可明显提高大鼠跳台试验潜伏期、减少错误次数，并且具有显著的剂量依赖性；与氢化麦角碱、胞二磷胆碱、高泛酸钙、卵磷脂对照组比较，存在明显的差异(P＜0.05)。
⑤大鼠避暗试验
将分组的大鼠进行相关的大鼠跳台试验，测试结果如表11如下。
表11 本发明对阿尔海默式综合症大鼠避暗试验的影响
序号 分组 n 潜伏期(秒) 错误次数/5分钟(次)
1 空白对照组 15 190.53±25.23'* 0.50±0.11'*
2 阿尔海默式综合症模型组 15 26.32±20.96* 3.75±1.94*
3 本发明低剂量组 15 26.31±8.34'* 2.71±0.32'*
4 本发明中剂量组 15 45.79±7.31'* 1.60±0.45'*
5 本发明高剂量组 15 98.35±15.42' 0.80±0.22'
6 氢化麦角碱组 15 120.53±20.74'* 1.33±0.45'*
7 胞二磷胆碱组 15 123.21±19.38'* 1.37±0.56'*
8 高泛酸钙组 15 113.77±23.24'* 1.54±0.43'*
9 卵磷脂组 15 110.38±23.21'* 1.30±0.44'*
注：与阿尔海默式综合症模型组比较，'P＜0.05；与本发明高剂量组比较，*P＜0.05。
本发明对阿尔海默式综合症大鼠避暗试验的影响：试验结果显示，本发明可明显提高阿尔海默式综合症大鼠避暗试验潜伏期，减少错误次数，并且具有显著的剂量依赖性；与氢化麦角碱、胞二磷胆碱、高泛酸钙、卵磷脂对照组比较，存在明显的差异(P＜0.05)。
通过大鼠跳台试验、大鼠避暗试验证明了本发明可以有效提高阿尔海默式综合症大鼠的认知、学习、记忆能力，治疗效果优于麦角新碱、胞二磷胆碱、高泛酸钙、卵磷脂。本发明具有对治疗阿尔海默式综合症效果明显，质控稳定，成本低廉，天然无毒，且适于长期服用的优点。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实现方案，除此之外，本发明还可以其它方式实现，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下任何显而易见的替换均在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例D8
β-羟基丁酰氨基酸活性筛选
①实验细胞来源、仪器和方法
细胞株：Eca-109细胞购于中国科学院上海细胞库
主要仪器：CO2培养箱日本SANYO公司；超净工作台上海成顺仪器仪表 有限公司；压力灭菌器上海申安医疗器械厂；紫外可见分光光度计上海元析仪器有限公司；酶标仪山东高密彩虹分析仪器有限公司；台式高速离心机上海安亭科学仪器厂；高速冷冻离心机科大创新有限公司；数显恒温水浴锅金坛市盛蓝仪器制造有限公司；电子天平常熟市双杰测试仪器厂；精密电子天平丹佛仪器(北京)有限公司；流式细胞仪美国BD公司；电泳仪美国BD公司；磁力搅拌器金坛市荣华仪器制造有限公司；倒置显微镜上海比爱姆光学仪器制造有限公司；电热恒温鼓风干燥箱上海精宏实验设备有限公司。
细胞培养：Eca-109细胞接种于含10％的新生胎牛血清的1640培养液中，于37℃、5％CO2、饱和湿度的培养箱中培养。
MTT法测定细胞活性：其检测原理为活细胞线粒体中的琥珀酸脱氢酶可以使外源性MTT染料还原为水不溶性的甲瓒(Formazan)，甲瓒沉积在细胞中，而死细胞却并无此功能。二甲基亚砜(DMSO)能溶解细胞中产生的甲瓒，用酶联免疫检测仪在490nm波长处可以测定其光吸收值，检测的结果可间接反映活细胞数量。在一定细胞数范围内，MTT结晶形成甲瓒的量与细胞数成正比。
②化合物细胞抑制率的测定
实验方法：在化合物初步活性筛选实验中以10000细胞/孔接种于96孔板中(边缘孔不加细胞用培养基填充)，常规培养24h后，吸去原培养液，加入配制好的10μM药物每孔200μL，每个样品做三个重复，96孔板边缘孔加200μL不含药品的培养液设为空白对照组，而不加药物只含有培养基铺有细胞的孔设为阴性对照组。培养44h后，每孔加入5mg/mL的MTT溶液20μL，继续培养4h后，小心吸弃孔内培养液，加入150μLDMSO，快速震荡5min，于酶标仪波长490nm处测定各孔OD值(光密度)，按下式计算样品的细胞存活率和抑制率：存活率＝{(实验组OD平均值-空白组OD平均值)/(阴性对照组OD平均值-空白组OD平均值)}×100％抑制率＝100％-存活率。
测试结果：
10μM浓度作用Eca-109细胞活力，结果如表12：
表12 β-羟基丁酰化氨基酸
Entry Compound Eca-109 Inhibition(％)
1 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酸伪二肽 38.2
2 β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酸伪二肽 29.6
3 β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酸伪二肽 35.7
4 β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酸伪二肽 42.6
5 β-羟基丁酰-天冬氨酸伪二肽 39.7
6 β-羟基丁酰-缬氨酸伪二肽 41.2
7 β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酸伪二肽 43.6
8 β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酸伪二肽 36.2
9 β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酸伪二肽 39.4
10 β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酸伪二肽 44.9
11 β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪二肽 43.2
12 二β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酸伪三肽 38.7
13 β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酸伪二肽 48.1
14 β-羟基丁酰-组氨酸伪二肽 46.2
15 β-羟基丁酰-苏氨酸伪二肽 35.1
16 β-羟基丁酰-色氨酸伪二肽 37.4
17 β-羟基丁酰-精氨酸伪二肽 42.9
18 β-羟基丁酰-半胱氨酸伪二肽 34.8
19 β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺伪二肽 36.2
20 β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酰胺伪二肽 35.3
21 β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酸伪二肽 34.7
22 β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酸伪三肽 39.1
23 β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽 47.3
24 β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-甘氨酸伪三肽 44.5
25 β-羟基丁酰-缬氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽 49.5
26 β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽 39.6
27 β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酰-蛋氨酸伪三肽 43.7
28 β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酰-异亮氨酸伪三肽 39.5
29 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-苯丙氨酸伪三肽 44.1
30 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-蛋氨酸伪三肽 29.8
31 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-甘氨酸伪三肽 48.5
32 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-谷氨酸伪三肽 33.8
33 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-脯氨酸伪三肽 42.6
34 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酸伪三肽 34.5
35 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-异亮氨酸伪三肽 44.8
36 β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-亮氨酸伪三肽 34.6
37 β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酰-缬氨酸伪三肽 41.3
38 β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酸伪三肽 38.9
39 β-羟基丁酰-丝氨酰-丝氨酸伪三肽 43.8
40 β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽 47.5
41 β-羟基丁酰-谷氨酰胺-苯丙氨酸伪三肽 37.1
42 β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酸伪三肽 34.6
43 β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酰-色氨酸伪三肽 38.7
44 β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酰-丙氨酸伪三肽 46.2
  β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酰-谷氨酸 40.3
  β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-脯氨酸 39.1
45 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-甘氨酸伪四肽 38.8
46 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽 46.9
47 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-缬氨酰-异亮氨酸伪四肽 44.3
48 β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-谷氨酰-丙氨酸伪四肽 36.8
49 β-羟基丁酰-异亮氨酰-丙氨酰-亮氨酸伪四肽 46.2
50 β-羟基丁酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酰-蛋氨酸伪四肽 41.5
51 β-羟基丁酰-丙氨酰-蛋氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽 38.4
52 β-羟基丁酰-亮氨酰-缬氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽 33.8
53 β-羟基丁酰--丝氨酰-丝氨酰-丝氨酸伪四肽 45.7
54 β-羟基丁酰-苯丙氨酰-甘氨酰-丙氨酸伪四肽 44.8
55 β-羟基丁酰-赖氨酰-丙氨酰-谷氨酸伪四肽 36.3
56 β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酰-谷氨酰胺伪四肽 38.4
57 β-羟基丁酰-酪氨酰-色氨酰-丙氨酸伪四肽 45.3
58 β-羟基丁酰-蛋氨酰-丙氨酰-色氨酸伪四肽 48.2
59 β-羟基丁酰-脯氨酰-谷氨酰-甘氨酸伪四肽 34.7
60 β-羟基丁酰-天冬酰胺-丝氨酰-苯丙氨酸伪四肽 39.2
由表1可以看出，所合成的系列化合物Eca-109 Inhibition在25-50之间，均具有一定的抑癌活性，可以作为抑制癌症食品或者药品。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物，其特征在于：包括结构通式如I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ所示的化合物：
    Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-100002
    其中，X的结构式为
    Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-100003
    R 1-R 10的均选自α-氨基酸的侧链基团；
    其中，所述β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物还包括结构通式I-X的化合物的药学上可接受的盐、药学上可接受的溶剂合物和药学上可接受的酯化产物。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种β-羟基丁酰-氨基酸化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：
    (1)β-羟基丁酸乙酯、咪唑和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷在合适溶剂内反应，得到中间体1，其结构为：
    Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-100004
    (2)中间体1与水解试剂反应，得到中间体2，其结构为：
    Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-100005
    (3)中间体2与具有氨基酸保护基团的氨基酸和/或具有氨基酸保护基团的多肽链进行缩合反应，得到中间体3.x，中间体3.x的结构式为
    Figure PCTCN2018073231-appb-100006
    所述Protective group为氨基酸保护基团，(R)n为氨基酸或多肽链；
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