WO2019101787A1

WO2019101787A1 - Device and method for connecting profiled parts

Info

Publication number: WO2019101787A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/082060
Authority: WO
Original assignee: Rotox Besitz- Und Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date: 2017-11-21
Filing date: 2018-11-21
Publication date: 2019-05-31
Also published as: US20200386041A1; EP3697599B1; EP3697599A1; CA3083058A1; US11629547B2; DE102017127483A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and to a device for connecting at least two profiled parts (1), wherein the least two profiled parts (1) fixed to profile supports (2) that can be moved relative to each other are each melted at an end joining face (10) by means of a heating element (5) in a melting step and, after the heating element (5) has been removed, are pressed with the melted joining faces (10) against each other in a joining step, until the molten materials brought into contact with each other there cool down and solidify, forming a welded connection. In order to reliably avoid or reduce the occurrence or the development of a welding bead, according to the invention, in a separating step to be carried out before the joining step, a mating tool (6, 29) is led through the melt along a separating edge (9) of a limiting element (3), in order to separate the excess melt that has exited over the separating edge (9).

Description

Designation: Apparatus and method for joining profile parts

The invention relates to a method and for connecting profile parts according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for connecting

Profile parts according to the preamble of claim 15.

Methods and devices in the aforementioned type are known for example from DE 10 2015 107 121 A1 and are in particular for

Welding of PVC profiled bars used to workpieces in the form of window or door frames or wings. For this purpose, the profile bars in front of the

Welding to each required lengths cut to the profile parts then to the joining surfaces forming cut surfaces

To connect welding together. The profile parts can be mitred if necessary, so that the miter cuts the

Form joining surfaces.

The actual welding of the profile parts in the sense of the present invention is carried out by melting and subsequent joining of the joining surfaces of the profile bar ends. Flierzu to be welded profile parts are first inserted into a corresponding clamping device and positioned by means of stops and guides in the device to each other. Then the

Joining surfaces pressed in a Anschmelzschritt against the heating surface of a heating element of the welding device. In the case of the heating and equalizing step taking place, material of the respective profile part is melted at its joining surface, so that the melt required for the welded connection, that is to say liquid or doughy material due to the action of heat, is formed. By pressing the joining surface to the heating element, the so-called. Aligning, any unevenness existing on the joining surfaces are also melted off. During the subsequent change, the Fleizelement between the profile parts is removed before they are joined. The joining takes place by bringing into contact and upsetting of both parts of the profit, wherein the fused joining surfaces in

Joining moved towards each other and pressed against each other. The still hot, preferably thermoplastic material of the two profile parts, the melt, comes into contact and forms after cooling a stable weld. Such a procedure is described for example in DE 10 2012 1 12 533 A1.

The joining partners themselves are longer than the finished finished size of the connected elements of the workpiece by an excess. To form the melt, a part of this excess, the so-called burn-up, on the Fleizelement

melted. Another part of the excess softens during the

Anschmelzschrittes and is in the subsequent joining step on the

intended final dimension compressed. The ratio of the excess with respect to the melting and the upsetting is variable. Depending on the type of profile used, the burnup can be selected to be larger or smaller in order to always provide sufficient melt for a reliable welded joint.

During the Anschmelzschrittes on the Fleizelement the material of the profile part at the joining surface, such as PVC, begins to flow and to

deform. FH ierbei moves the melt, which is displaced by the pressing of the profile part to the Fleizspiegel, also laterally outward over the edge of the joining surface except for the outer surfaces, in particular on the visible surfaces of the profile part.

The visible surfaces of the profile part are those outer surfaces that are visible in the finished and installed state of the workpiece. For windows or doors, these are the visible in the window or door plane surfaces of the individual profile parts. At the generally transversely or perpendicular to the visible surfaces extending functional surfaces of the profile parts fasteners, For example, fittings, or other workpiece elements, for example. Windows, arranged and fixed.

In the case of known joining methods, the material of the profile parts passing outwards as excess melt cools during joining and forms a welding bead at the connection point of the profile parts. However, such a weld bead on outer surfaces of the profile part, in particular on the visible surfaces is the dimensional stability of the workpiece and a high quality

Quality impression contrary. Therefore, the weld bead is removed after a certain cooling time in subsequent machines, such as plastering machines, for example. By milling shadow grooves or by flush tapping along the weld.

In the meantime also foiled or laminated profiles are being used for the production of

Window and door frames or wings used to provide these in a simple way with different colors or decors. In such profiles, the necessary post-processing of weld beads in the joining area is difficult, since the thin films or laminate layers can be easily damaged by mechanical processing. In particular, in automated or semi-automated processes can thus increased, cost-increasing

Committee arise. By removing the weld bead is the

underlying, different from the film or the lamination color

Base material of the profile part visible, which must be laminated by hand in an appropriate color.

For some years, the manufacturing ideal has been pursued to achieve a welding of profile parts, especially those with a decor that results in visually appealing viewing surfaces, with no

Weld is to arise, which must be deburred and / or post-dyed. Solution approaches of the prior art intend to prevent the formation of a weld bead from the outset by the flow of the melt before and / or during the joining is specifically influenced. For example. can the respective profile component with limiting elements, such as

Limiting knives, to be narrowed to reduce or prevent the escape of melt. This is for example in the documents DE 20

2015 000 908 U1, DE 10 2015 107 121 A1, DE 10 2016 102 240 A1 and DE 10

2016 104 785 A1 proposed. In part, these devices have moldings that can be moved before and / or during the Anschmelzschrittes to influence the melt. It should either be prevented that melt enters the outside and / or already gone outward melt are moved back to or on the joining surface of the respective profile part, so that in the subsequent joining a weld bead does not arise.

A problem that occurs in this case are impurities of the melt with molten material of the protective films. These are located on the

Visible surfaces of the profile parts and serve to protect against transport damage and the impact of building materials and are locally removed before the Anschmelzschritt in an additional step.

Despite these additional measures, however, often remains a gap between the respective limiting element and the profile part, through the

Melt can flow, so that the occurrence of a weld bead is not always reliable to suppress. After cooling must occur

Welding beads therefore continue to be removed in an additional step. The production costs and the production costs can not be reduced to the desired extent.

In EP 2 255 942 A1 it is proposed to design the limiting elements simultaneously as movable cutting blades. During the joining step, in which the profile parts with their fused joining surfaces already against each other pressed and thereby be compressed, make these cutting blades first alternately a reciprocating motion to complete the not yet complete

cooled and not yet solidified weld bead to taper at its root to the profile part. After complete cooling and solidification of the

Weld bead is a further relative movement of the cutting blades to completely remove the weld bead. However, this method shifts the removal of the weld bead in the welding machine and could not prevail technically.

Alternatively, WO 2013/132406 A1 and WO 2014/122572 A1 propose, in order to avoid a weld bead, removal of profile material at the edge of the joining surface prior to melting in order to reduce the amount of material available for producing the melt from the outset. As a result, the melt should no longer escape to the outer surfaces of the profile parts. However, it can lead to strength losses at the connection, since the profile part is not completely melted at its joining surface and not welded over the entire surface because of the given smaller effective cross-sectional area.

Against this background, the invention has for its object to provide a method and a device by means of which the occurrence or the

Expression of a weld bead can be reliably avoided or reduced. This object is achieved with a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 15.

Thereafter, a method for connecting at least two profile parts is provided according to the invention, in particular for the manufacture of one

Thermoplastic plastic existing door or window frame or -flügeln, wherein the at least two fixed to each other movable profile supports profile parts are melted in a Anschmelzschritt by means of a heating element in each case at an end-side joining surface. After removal of the heating element, the profile parts in a Fügeschritt with the melted joining surfaces pressed against each other until the melt there brought into contact with each other to form a

Welded joint cools and solidifies. In this case, at least one outer surface of at least one profile part is a limiting element with a

Separating edge on and / or on. During the melting step, the limiting element controls and / or limits the exit of a melt excess at the transition of the respective joining surface to the outer surface, in particular visible surface of the profile part. According to the invention it is provided that before the joining step in a separating step, a counter tool along the separating edge of the limiting element is passed through the melt to the over

Separating edge leaked excess melt.

By the Anschmelzschritt the pressing of the profile parts to the heating element, for example. A heating mirror, is meant, wherein the located on the joining surface

Material of the profile part by the warming on or is melted off.

In this case, the profile part becomes shorter by the so-called burn-up, that is to say by the liquid or doughy material of the profile part that laterally evades under the influence of the pressure force. Since the joining surface of the profile part is pressed against the usually flat heating element, possibly at the joint surface of the

Profile part unevenness on or even balanced. The laterally evanescing melt occurs in the areas in which

Limiting element on the outer surface of the profile part and / or rests, beyond the cutting edge and cools there faster than at the joint surface. This fraction of the melt, which is not required for producing the welded connection, is referred to as melt excess.

The outer surface may preferably at least one visible surface and / or

Be functional surface of the profile part.

The excess melt, which escapes in particular on the visible surfaces, can occur next to the base material of colored laminated or laminated profile parts Profile part also contain fractions of the melted decorative film or decorative layer. This can contain different materials that are in their

Properties may differ from the base material of the profile part. The base material of the profile part is usually made of a thermoplastic material, such as. PVC, that of the decorative film or decorative layer z.T. from other plastics. A decorative film may for example consist of a pigmented and / or ink-coated PVC Flalbhartfolie, which may be laminated to protect against the weather with a transparent acrylate film. ,

In addition, fractions of melted protective film can be contained in the melt excess. The protective film may be made of another material, such as LDPE, and is releasably secured by means of an adhesive on the profile parts. The profile parts are covered on the visible surfaces usually for the most part with protective films to prevent damage to the profile parts and the workpieces produced therefrom during transport and installation. The protective film usually reaches into the region of the excess melt, unless it has been removed in a previous step.

Once the Anschmelzschritt is completed, the profile parts clamped on the profile sections are moved apart, so that the Fleizelement can be removed from the area between the joining surfaces of the profile parts. The adjoining each of the profile parts or the boundary elements move here along with the profile supports back and forth.

In the retracted position of the later joint partner is

according to the invention and unlike the known, a weld bead

avoiding process the melt excess is not transported back to the joining surface, but separated by means of the counter tool. The term "separating" is to be understood as meaning that the melt mass which has passed outward beyond the separating edge is divided off from the melt located on the joining surface, and the resulting separate material mass is separated from the respective profile part. Due to the separation, the separated melt cools down so much that it drops off as an already solidified piece of profile material.

An advantage of the invention is in particular that the in the

Melting excess impurities contained by decorative and

Protective film shares and by the already more cooled and present only as doughy mass melt proportions are no longer mixed with the melt required for the actual joining. The welded joint thus receives a high quality. Investigations have shown that in this way the strength values of corner joints are strong compared to the known ones

Can increase corner joints, where a weld bead is also to be avoided. Elaborate reworking straight on the visible surfaces of the profile parts can be reduced to a minimum or even completely

be avoided. This even if the previous local removal of the protective film is dispensed with.

Preferably, the counter tool during the separating step perform a rolling movement. In this way, little or no effect

Shearing forces on the processed by the counter-tool melt. The melt located on the joining surface of the profile part is thus not or only slightly shifted, which the quality and strength of the produced therefrom

Improved joint connection. In addition, the sliding friction between the

Profile part or the separating edge and the counter tool can be reduced, whereby the wear on the operative position in contact with each other

Tools reduced.

As an advantageous embodiment of the invention has also been found that the counter tool is at least partially brought into contact with the separating edge during the separation of the excess melt. In this way, a particularly reliable separation of the melt surplus of the melt remaining at the joining surface is possible. Where the separating edge and the Counter tool come into direct contact with each other, there is already a separation of the melt excess. The melt excess is cut off, so to speak. Comparable is this tool principle with the

Wedge cutting or "knife cutting" or with the shear cutting according to DIN 8588. The limiting element is the stationary tool with a cutting edge acting as a cutting edge and the movable counter tool the blunt anvil or counter blade.

In a further development of the invention can also be provided that the

Counter tool to the cutting edge, in particular spring-loaded or by means of its own drive, is applied.

It may be of particular advantage if the counter tool and the

Delimiting element when separating over the effective separating edge

have mechanical contact with each other. In this way, a particularly "clean cut" can be made possible, which separates the excess melt and possibly a protective film from the profile part.

By means of a spring load, the guide of the counter tool can be provided with a certain tolerance, which is compensated by the spring force and the spring travel. Also tolerances on the edge of the profile part can be compensated in this way.

In the method according to the invention, it can also be provided that the limiting element is moved in the plane of the outer surface of the profile part on which it rests in at least two positions relative to the joining surface, in particular in a pre-displaced position during the separating step and in a retracted position during the Joining step or vice versa. Accordingly, the device according to the invention can be provided with a corresponding guide, which allows such a movement of the limiting element. In the vorverlagerten position of the limiting element whose separating edge can be arranged at or shortly behind the area to which the profile part is melted. This area or point is also referred to as the melting end point. Since at this point during the joining step also the

Upset begins, the same area is also referred to as Stauchweganfang. On the other hand set back in the joining or compression direction, is the so-called joint end point or Stauchwegende. During the upsetting, the respective profile part is shortened to the joining end point. The pre-displaced position of the limiting element can therefore lie between the joining end point and the melting end point. The withdrawn position, which as

"Compression position" is taken during the joining can be behind the

Fügeendpunkt lie to a collision of the opposite

To avoid limiting elements of the two profile parts.

It has also proven to be advantageous to guide the counter tool with a predetermined tool spacing, preferably less than 0.5 mm, in particular in the range of less than 0.2 mm and greater than 0 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm, to the separating edge. This will create a direct contact between the

Counter tool and the separating edge of the limiting element avoided, so that a threat of direct contact wear on the cutting edge of the

Limiting element or is avoided on the counter tool. It has also been shown that reliable maintenance can be achieved while maintaining the predetermined tool spacing.

According to the invention, the counter-tool can also be formed like a knife and perform a pushing movement, which consists of a movement along the parting edge movement and a transverse thereto

Composition of movement. As a result, this results in a relation to the separating edge obliquely extending movement of the counter tool. In this alternative to a purely rolling action exporting counter tool, the knife-like counter-tool is at the separating edge in the direction of Separating edge and at the same time moved transversely thereto and pushes the isolated excess melt away from the joining surface.

Preferably, the knife-like counter tool can be arranged obliquely to the joining surface or to the joining plane defined by the joining surface. Due to the transverse movement and the inclination of the counter tool, the

Melt surplus better led away from the profile part and separated cleanly.

According to another embodiment, it is possible that the counter tool performs a combined push and roll movement.

In a further development of the invention, the joining surface outwardly bounding profile edge of the respective profile part in which by the counter tool

machined area by the counter tool itself or by a separately movable finishing tool at least partially inward towards the joint surface to be deformed. The profile edge, so the edge of the joint surface, this is to be impressed on an "alignment", in which it is displaced during the subsequent joining step and the upsetting thereby made. The profile edge moves during the upsetting inward towards the joining surface, so that almost automatically creates a so-called "shadow" or V-groove at the junction and at the same time counteracts a visible leakage of base material that may be below the color layer on the tread surface becomes. Any existing flea differences between the joined profile parts can be laminated or visually compensated in this way.

In an advantageous embodiment, the separation of the

Melting surplus a post-processing step with a

Rework tool done in which the deformation of the profile edge takes place. Using a separate post-processing tool and a for Separation step separate step, the nature and extent of post-processing can be adjusted as needed.

Alternatively, it may be advantageous to deform the profile edge already along with the movement of the counter tool along the separating edge. This can be done, for example, using a contoured counter-tool, for example a roller, and offers advantages with regard to reduced cycle times of the production process.

It is also conceivable that the post-processing tool both at the same time

Profile parts worked.

Basically, a processing by the post-processing tool can be made such that both the respective profile edge of the profile parts by means of

Post-processing tool deformed before the joining step as well as during or after completion of the joining step of the joint line resulting from the weld a shape is impressed. Here, the post-processing tool to deform the profile edges on the ends of the profile parts to be driven to deform the tread edges. Then that can

Post-processing tool can be left in this position, while the profile ends are moved towards each other in the joining step and thereby compressed to form the welded joint. The stamped on the resulting joint line form results from the shape of the working surfaces of the

Post-processing tool, which when upsetting with the profile parts in

Connection stand.

According to a possible embodiment of the invention, however, the processing by the post-processing tool can also take place in two stages. In particular, it can be provided that the post-processing takes place in such a way that the respective professional edge of the profile parts in a first processing stage before the

Joining step is deformed by means of the post-processing tool. In a second Processing stage, which takes place during or after completion of the joining step, ie the upsetting, a form can be impressed on the joint line resulting from the weld by means of the post-processing tool. Flierzu can retire the postprocessing tool and revert to the

Joint to be moved. For example, here is a V-shaped groove

be imprinted.

The post-processing tool can be used to limit the flow of molten material in the direction of the visible surface during the joining step. This can be used, for example, to impart a certain shape to the joint line resulting from the weld, for example the V-shaped groove already mentioned.

The inventions according to claim 15 proposed device for

Joining of at least two profile parts can in particular for the production of existing thermoplastic material profile parts to door or

Window frames or wings be formed. The device has at least two profile supports which can be moved relative to one another for fixing at least two profile parts. In addition, an insertable between the profile supports heating element for each end-side melting of at least two

specified profile parts provided at their joining surfaces. In this case, at least one delimiting element for mounting or abutting on at least one outer surface of at least one profile part, preferably for contacting at least one visible surface and / or at least one functional surface provided. The

Limiting element is with a separating edge for controlling and / or

Limiting the exit of a melt over the outer surface of the

Profile formed at the transition to the respective joining surface. The device has a counter tool for separating the excess melt which has leaked over the separating edge, which can be moved along the separating edge and through the melt. The device according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the counter-tool is rotatable or pivotable with respect to the separating edge. Preferably, that the counter tool be designed as a role. In this way, the counter tool can perform the above-described rolling movement.

According to the invention, it has proved to be advantageous if the processing surface, in particular the lateral surface of the counter-tool, is contoured. A

Contouring can be provided for influencing the melt at the joining surface in order, for example, to carry out a deformation of the profile edge simultaneously with the traversing of the counter-tool on the separating edge of the delimiting element.

A deformation of the profile edge can alternatively by means of a

Post-processing tool for processing the profile edge can be achieved, the post-processing tool preferably be designed as a role or as a bar or as a rocker, the role or bar or the rocker, preferably a stamping contour, in particular a V-shaped embossing contour may have. In the first variant, the roll over the profile edge after separation can be performed immediately before, during or immediately after upsetting. In the second variant, the strip is guided over the profile edge after singulation. Again, this can be done immediately before, during or immediately after joining or upsetting. In the last variant, after the separation, the rocker is guided over the profile edge. This can likewise be carried out immediately before, during or immediately after the joining or upsetting. As a result, a V-groove can be generated on the joining point.

According to a development of the invention, the heating element and / or the

Counter tool and / or a post-processing tool for deforming the profile edge at least partially motion coupled. A coupling of Movement of the individual elements of the device can in turn lead to a shortening of the cycle time. In addition, under certain circumstances, no additional actuators for generating the counter tool movement is required.

According to a development of the invention, the post-processing tool for the simultaneous processing of the two profile parts to be joined together

be educated. As a result, a time-saving, synchronous processing of the profile ends is better possible. Furthermore, a post-processing tool can be moved with only one drive.

Preferably, the post-processing tool can have a working surface that can be brought into contact with the profile part, which extends at least in sections at an angle of greater than 0 ° to the joining surface. In this way, deformation of the profile edge after the singulation step can be done more gently and more controlled.

Further, it is possible to form the post-processing tool with at least one second processing surface, which adjoins the first processing surface and extends at a different angle to the joining surface. Such a configuration allows a particularly gentle and targeted processing of the profile ends or the weld before and during the joining step. For example, the first processing surface may serve to deform the profile edge prior to upsetting, while the second processing surface may serve during the

Fügeschritts when upsetting the profile ends either a flow of melt to the outside limited to the visible surfaces or for impressing a running along the joint groove. In the latter case that will

Post-processing tool as a kind of stamping tool in the second

Processing level used. The counter tool can also be equipped with its own drive, such as a rotary drive, for performing the Vereinzeins or connected to it.

The limiting element, preferably the separating edge, and / or the

Counter tool can be designed to be heated or cooled to different temperatures. In this way, the cooling of the

Melting surplus can be specifically influenced for a reliable separation.

With regard to the material properties may also be provided that the counter tool is formed resistant to the cutting edge resistant or less resistant to mechanical wear.

The components should preferably be made of high-strength, heat-treated and / or coated materials to a small

To ensure wear. The wear can, for example, be present in a run-in of the counter-tool on its lateral surface, with which the counter-tool rolls over a long service life along the separating edge of the delimiting element.

For example, the boundary elements may be made of heat-treated

Knife steel be executed. The counter tool may be provided from a round material, which has also undergone a heat treatment. For example, steels from rolling bearing production are conceivable here. Due to the

Heat treatment, the respective component may be partially or fully cured. The selection of materials and the possible heat treatment for setting the individual degrees of hardness of the components to significant

different values can be made to deliberately provide one of the two components, ie either the counter tool or the separating edge as a wearing part with a predetermined service life. Alternatively, it is also possible to set both the counter tool and the limiting element to very similar or equal wear properties, so that over a long service life to little significant wear on one of the components comes.

Preferably, a height adjustment of at least one counter tool for setting different profile part thicknesses and / or for adjustment

be provided different tool overlaps between the counter tool and the joining surface of the profile part. In addition, it can be provided that the height adjustment is set up for a coarse and / or fine adjustment of the profile thickness, wherein the coarse adjustment is preferably carried out in millimeter increments and the fine adjustment, for example in tenths of millimeter increments. The counter tool can be finely adjusted in height to an improved setting for

To ensure separation recognized, wherein it has proved to be advantageous if the counter tool comes into contact only to a small extent to the melt surplus between Trennkannte and joining surface. The aim here is the melt, not in this area to mix further and not cool by the contact with the cool tool too strong.

In one embodiment, the counter tool on the visible surface, which is located on the profile support, assume a fixed height position and there only be finely adjusted. The other counter tool for the separation on the opposite visible surface can be configured adjustable and finely adjustable to different profile heights. This can also be done automatically or manually. In this way, a very high flexibility in the processing of differently shaped profile parts is given.

According to the invention, it has also proved to be advantageous to arrange the counter tool at an angle of incidence a to the plane of the joining surface.

Different angular positions of the counter tools can Positively affect the singulation result and also reduce undesired area-wise cooling of the melt at the joint surface. Preferably, the angular position of the counter-tool can be such that the

Counter tool is spaced on the joining surface facing side of the separating edge to the joining surface.

Other objects, advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of several

Embodiments with reference to the drawing. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any meaningful combination form the subject matter of the present invention, also independent of their summary in the claims or their dependency.

Here are shown schematically:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a profile part to be joined in one

Welding machine,

characters

2a and 2b, the profile part according to Figure 1 during the positioning step on

Profile stop

characters

3a and 3b show the profiled part according to FIG. 1 during the melting step,

characters 4a to 4c, the profile part according to Figure 1 after the Anschmelzschritt,

characters

5a to 5d show the profile part according to FIG. 1 immediately before the singling step,

characters

6a to 6d a functional diagram for clarification possible

Tool positions during the singulation step,

FIG. 7 shows a variant modified with respect to FIG. 1 with an alternative

Counter tool,

characters

8a and 8b are an overview of an inventive

Welding machine,

characters

9a to 9c show alternative embodiments of a

Against tool

FIG. 10 shows a variant of the invention with a tilted counter-tool arrangement,

Figures 1 1 a

to 1 1 c is a functional diagram of the post-processing step,

FIGS. 12a

to 12e another embodiment with optionally two-stage

Postprocessing procedure and FIGS. 13 a

to 13e detailed views, respectively to the figures 12a to 12e

correspond.

Identical or equivalent components are provided with reference numerals in the figures of the drawing shown below with reference to several embodiments in order to improve the readability.

The present invention relates to a device 44 in the form of a

Welding machine, which is shown in detail in Figure 1. FIGS. 8a and 8b show an overview of a device 44 according to the invention in the form of a welding machine, in which the profile parts 1 and 34 to be joined can be seen, which lie opposite there with their joining surfaces 10. For the sake of simplicity, however, only the profile part 1 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 7. However, the respective method steps are usually carried out simultaneously on both profile parts 1, 34.

Figure 1 shows a profile part 1, which is placed on a profile support 2 of the device and fixed by means of a clamping device, not shown on the profile support 2. On the profile support 2, a limiting element 3 is arranged, which rests against the outer surface of the profile part, here at the lower hidden in Figure 1 visible surface 1 1, while adjacent to the joining surface 10 of the profile part 1. Furthermore, a profile stop 4 for positioning and aligning the profile part 1 on the profile support 2 are shown in FIG. At the same profile stop 4 and a second inserted into the device profile part 34 is aligned. This second profile part 34, which is to be connected to the first profile part 1, is shown only in FIGS. 8a and 8b. The device also has a

Heating element 5, which is designed here as a heating mirror. The profile stop 4 and the heating element 5 are each formed flat. The heating surfaces 32 of the heating element 5 and the stop surfaces 33 of the

Profile stop 4 are parallel to one another, so that the profiled parts 1, 34 or the joining surfaces 10 of the profile parts 1, 34 aligned with the profile stop 4 are aligned with the heating surfaces 32 of the heating element 5.

The profile part 1 is presently a made of thermoplastic material, for example. PVC, formed profile element 1 for producing a window sash. The profile part 1 is formed as an extruded profile with a plurality of parallel, transversely and obliquely extending profile walls 23, the outermost edge of the

Profile edge 21 forms. The profile part 1 has on the one hand visible surfaces 1 1 and functional surfaces 12, which form the outer surfaces of the profile part 1. The

Visible surfaces 1 1 are the surfaces visible to the outside in the fully assembled state of the window. The functional surfaces 12 are those surfaces which are required for the different functions of the window sash, such as the rollover 13 sealing the window to the window frame, the support surface 14 supporting a window pane inserted into the window, and other functional surfaces 12 on which For example, disc seals are arranged.

The device has a counter tool 6, in the present case in the form of a roller, which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 15. In this case, the axis of rotation 15 extends approximately parallel to the formed by the sectional surface of the profile part 1

Joining surface 10 runs. Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows a reworking tool 22 and a guide 28 for a movable guidance of the delimiting element 3.

FIGS. 2 a and 2 b schematically illustrate the so-called positioning step, which may be part of the method according to the invention. In this positioning step, the respective profile part 1, 34 is pressed with its joining surface 10 against a stop surface 33 of the profile stop 4 to the joining surface 10 at align the stop surface 33. The positioning of the two profile parts 1 and 34 can be done simultaneously, if this against the stop surfaces 34 of

Profile stop 4 are pressed to align the respective joining surfaces 10 relative to the profile stop 4 and thus with the heating element 5 and each other.

The limiting element 3 has a separating edge 9 running along the joining surface 10. During the positioning step, a gap is left free between the respective abutment surfaces 33 and the respective separating edge 9, so that the joining surfaces 10 come to rest over the entire surface of the profile stop. After the profile part 1 is aligned with the profile stop 4, such a firm clamping of the profile part 1 takes place on the profile support 2, that in the following steps, no significant movement between the profile part 1 and the profile support 2 can take place.

FIGS. 3 a and 3 b show the fusing step in which the joining surface 10 of the profile part 1 is pressed against a heating surface 32 of the heating mirror.

Heating element 5, is pressed to melt the profile part 1 at its joining surface 10 frontally. For this purpose, the respective profile supports 2 are moved in the direction of the heating element 5, which was moved after the removal of the profile stop 4 between the joining surfaces 10 of the profile parts 1, 34.

After completion of the melting step, the Fleizelement 5 between the profile parts 1, 34 is removed, as shown in Figs. 4 ac and 5a-d. A melting surplus 7 arising during the melting step, which has leaked from the joining surface 10 into the region of a flange cut 36 of the delimiting element 3 during the melting on the separating edges 9 of the delimiting element 3, is separated by a movement of the counter-tool 6 along the separating edge 9. In this case, the counter-tool 6 is moved along the separating edge 9 of the delimiting element 3 and comes with the present at the joining surface 10 melt and with the over the separating edge 9 stepped out Melt excess 7 in contact. The counter-tool 6 tapers or splits the excess melt 7 at its root located at the separating edge 9 so far that the excess melt 7 separates from the melt remaining at the joining surface 10.

For this purpose, the counter-tool 6, which in the present exemplary embodiment is designed as a roller, rolls with its lateral surface 16 over the separating edge 9 of the delimiting element 3, as a result of which the melt that has passed out, the excess of molten material 7, 8, is separated off.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, the counter-tool movement 19 takes place as a movement portion 17 extending along the separating edge 9. The counter-tool movement 19 can take place simultaneously with the removal of the Fleizelementes 5, if, for example, the Fleizelement 5 and the counter tool 6 held on a common holder 43 and on these are motion-coupled to the Fleizelement 5, as shown in the figure 8a and 8b. Alternatively, first the Fleizelement 5 can be removed and only then the Gegenwerkzeugbewegung 19 done, the counter tool 6 can be moved by means of its own drive.

The counter tool 6 can be pressed under spring load against the separating edge 9 of the limiting element 3. Alternatively, the

Counter tool 6, while maintaining a predetermined tool spacing 20, which is shown in the figure 6d, along the separating edge 9 of the

Limiting element 3 are guided. This rejuvenates the

Melting excess 7 at its adjacent to the joining surface 10 root so far that it comes to a separation, ie separation of the excess melt 7. The isolated excess of molten 8 may be present as a coherent chip, which forms during the separating step by direct solidification of the previously liquid or pasty melt excess 7. Also, the limiting element 3 may be performed under spring tension in the direction of the joining surface 10, on the one hand to form the narrowest possible gap between the heating surface 32 and the separating edge 9 during the Anschmelzschrittes and on the other hand, a corresponding spring bias against the

To ensure counter tool 6.

The counter-tool 6 may, for example, be designed as a ball bearing, which forms the lateral surface 16 with its outer bearing ring 6.

As can be seen from FIGS. 8a and 8b, for each outer surface,

in particular visible surface 1 1 of the respective profile part 1, 34 has its own

Counter tool be provided, so that in the simultaneous processing of two opposite visible surfaces 1 1 two profile parts 1, 34 a total of four counter tools 6 are used.

The limiting element 3 can in its function additionally by the

Post-processing tool 22 be supplemented, which can reduce in the Anschmelzschritt outward kicking of the melt excess 7. At the same time, the post-processing tool 22, which approximately with the joining plane 10th

concludes form a support for the counter tool 6, on which the counter tool 6 can roll.

FIGS. 5a to 5d show the separation of the melt overflow 7 to the separated melt overflow 8. In particular, in Figure 5d, the formation of the isolated excess melt 8 as a single

coherent span recognizable.

Figures 6a to 6d show a functional diagram with which it should be clarified that the limiting element 3 can execute a directed in the direction of the counter tool 6 or an opposite movement 30, either can be done by the voltage applied to the separating edge 7 counter tool 6 or by a separate, connected to the limiting element 3 actuator. In this way, the tool spacing 20 and the pressing force between

Counter tool 6 and limiting element 3 can be adjusted.

In the figure 6c, the different and relevant for the joining of the profile part 1 work areas are located. The profile is first on the

Profile cut length 24 cut to length, which is about the so-called burn-off, as required for the attached profile part gage. Furthermore, the

Melt end point line 26 is marked, which indicates the area to which the Fleizelement 5 penetrates during the Anschmelzschritt in the material of the profile part 1. The melted material gives way as

Melting excess 7 sideways.

Furthermore, the separating region line 25 between the melting point line 26 and the joining end point line 27 is marked, which indicates the plane up to which the counter tool 6 penetrates into the molten or softened material of the profile part 1 during the separating step, in this case into the profile wall 23 to be machined. Finally, the joining end point line 27 identifies the region up to which the profile part 1 is compressed on its profile wall 23 during the subsequent joining step. The method may also be modified in the form that the separation area line 25 and the

Melt end point line 26 coincide or that the joint end point line 27 and the separation area line 25 coincide. However, the arrangement shown in FIG. 6 c is preferred, in which the separation area line 25 is closer to the

Melt end point line 26 is provided as at the joining end point line 27th

The position of the separating area line 25, the melting end point line 26 and the joining end point line 27 can be varied within certain limits, depending on the profile, material and profile shape. Alternatively, it may also make sense that the

Melt endpoint line 26 between the separation area line 25 and the Joining end point line 27 is located. However, this is not mandatory, for example, if, in certain variants of the invention, a tool spacing 20 is provided between the separating edge 9 of the delimiting element 3 and the counter-tool 6, for example in the range of less than 0.5 mm, in particular 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm , Then a direct contact between the counter tool 6 and the separating edge 9 should be omitted for reasons of wear. To adjust the tool spacing 20, the movement 30 of the delimiting element 3 within its guide 28 can also be used.

FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of a counter-tool 29, which does not perform a rolling movement like the previously described roller, but is guided in a pushing movement with a movement portion 17 extending along the separating edge and a movement portion 18 extending transversely thereto. Overall, then results in an obliquely to separation edge 9 extending movement 19 to separate the excess melt 7. The single ones

Movement components 17, 18 and the resulting movement 19 are shown schematically in FIG. The left in Figure 7 shown

Counter tool 29 is in its initial position, the counter tool 29 shown by dashed lines in its final position after separation. It may have a cutting edge guided along the cutting edge 9, by means of which the melt surplus 7 is separated. The

Counter tool 29 may also be coupled to the movement of the heating element 5 as the counter tool 6.

In the figures 9a to 9c are different variants of the role

trained counter tool 6 shown. In FIG. 9a this is

Counter-tool 6 is formed as a cylindrical roller, which has a cross-sectional straight surface 16. The counter-tool 6 shown in FIG. 9b has an additional collar 37, which is larger in diameter than the remaining lateral surface 16 and which in the region of the covering 35 of FIG

Gegenwerkzeugs 6 with the joining surface 10, the separating edge 9 of the

The limiting element 3 engages behind. In this variant of the counter tool 6 According to FIG. 9b, the limiting element 3 and the counter-tool 6 are guided to one another in the manner of shear cutting tools.

In the variant of the counter-tool 6 according to FIG. 9 c, a recess 38 is provided in order to taper the counter-tool 6 in the region of its overlap with the joining surface 10.

The strength of the overlap 35 between the counter tool 6 and the

Joining surface 10 of the profile part 1 can also be used in addition to the optimization of the separation of the melt surplus 7 to edit the profile edge 21 in addition so that it is deformed towards the joining surface 10, so it is as it were a direction 39 impressed. In the impressed direction 39, the profile edge 21 should deform during the joining step, so that a V-groove formed on the finished joint connection is formed, at least beginning.

Likewise for effecting such an effect, but also for optimizing the singling of the excess melt, the counter-tool 6,

in particular the trained as a roller counter tool 6 under a

Anstellwinkel a with respect to the joining surface 10 and a joining plane 31 extending parallel thereto be employed. This is shown schematically in FIG. The angle of attack a used here can be specified depending on the application and by a corresponding holder or an adjustment of the

Suspension of the counter tool 6 can be achieved.

The covering 35 shown in FIGS. 9a to 9c can be adjusted to a precision of 0.1 mm by means of a fine adjustment. A device for fine adjustment is preferred, provided on the counter tool holder 14, which can be equipped with an adjustment 41 for adaptation to different profile thickness anyway. The distinction between the adjustment and adaptation to different profile thicknesses and the fine adjustment is that the Flöhenverstellung 41 for the counter tool holder 40 about 1 mm should be exactly adjustable and the fine adjustment for determining the overlap 35 is approximately exactly adjustable to 0.1 mm. Depending on the application, the absolute values may also differ. It has proved to be advantageous if a fine adjustment allows at least 10 times higher accuracy than the actual flank adjustment of the counter tool.

Finally, in the figures 1 1 a to 1 1 c is still an optional

Post-processing step shown in which the post-processing tool 22, the profile edge 21 of the respective profile part 1, 34 in which by the

Counter-tool 6, 29 machined area at least partially deformed inward toward the joining surface 10. The counter tool 22 can be moved, for example, in the joining plane 31 and deform with a preferably obliquely to the joining surface 10 machining surface 42, the profile edge 21 under application of a processing force F inside, so that during subsequent joining a V-groove between the profile parts 1 and 34 results in the field of welding.

The post-processing tool 22 may alternatively also during the

Joining step, so during compression and / or subsequently used.

Such a variant of the invention is shown in the schematic figures 12a to 12e as well as in the respective corresponding figures 13a to 13e.

As can be seen in these figures, the device 44 has a modified post-processing tool 22 ', which is used simultaneously for processing the two profile parts 1 and 34 to be joined.

As is apparent from FIGS. 12a to 12e and 13a to 13e, a separation of the melt surplus 7 takes place using the Counter tool 6. After the isolated excess melt 8 is removed, which is shown from Figures 12d and 13d, there is a processing of the two profile parts 1, 34 by means of the post-processing tool 22 '. In the present example, a two-stage post-processing takes place, in which first the respective profile edge 21 is directed inwards onto the joining surface 10

Direction of movement 48 is impressed, so that results in the subsequent joining a V-groove between the profile parts 1 and 34 in the region of the weld.

For this purpose, that used in the present embodiment

Post-processing tool 22 'mirror-symmetrically arranged to each other processing surfaces 46 which extend in the embodiment chosen here at an angle of <45 ° to the joining surface 10.

To ensure that in the subsequent joining, so when compressing the profile parts 1 and 34 to each other, actually forms a V-groove and not yet a possibly existing melt excess 7 from the joining surface 10 outwardly in the direction of the visible surfaces 1 1, points the post-processing tool 22 'on the processing surfaces 47, which are formed at an angle of> 45 ° to the joining surface 10 mirror-symmetrical. The processing surfaces 47 form, as it were, a "negative mold" in the area of the weld

desired V-groove.

The working surfaces 46 and 47 can also be replaced by a single

Be formed machining surface, for example. A rounded surface.

The procedure using the post-processing tool 22 'is described in more detail below. In this case, Figures 12a and 13a, the device 44 during the Anschmelzschrittes with open

Limiting elements 3, the figures 12b and 13b, the device 44 with the joining surface 10 shifted toward limiting elements. 3 FIGS. 12c and 13c show the device 44 after melting with the profile parts 1, 34 moved apart during processing by means of the counter tools 6 in the form of rollers. The rollers travel along the profile edge 21 and roll off the boundary elements 3 in order to separate the excess melt 7, in which fused protective film may also be contained.

In FIGS. 12d and 13d, the device 44 is again approximated

Profile parts 1 and 34 shown. The joining surfaces 10 of the profile parts 1 and 34 are still spaced apart in this position. However, they are already so close together that the intervening counter tool 22 'with the processing surfaces 46 can edit the profile edges 21 and thus displaces melt in the direction of the joining surfaces 10 inwards. In this case, the molten material and the softened under the influence of the heat of fusion profile edges 21 an inwardly directed, ie directed in the direction of the joining surfaces 10 direction of movement.

FIGS. 12e and 13e show the device 44 during the joining process, in which case the melt 45 provided in each case for welding at the joining face 10 is brought into contact with one another and the profile parts 1, 34 are compressed against one another. In this processing step, the

Rework tool 22 ', as shown in Figures 12e and 13e, retracted to some extent from the area between the joining surfaces 10. However, the processing surfaces 47 may come in contact with the profile edges 21 in such a way that the formation of a V-groove on the finished

Welded connection is ensured.

The post-processing tool 22 'can also be used during the joining step after upsetting the profile parts 1 and 34 as a kind of stamp, which finally deforms the melt in the region of the profile edges 21 at the joint and imposes a final shape. In this way, a post-processing in two stages by impressing a direction of movement directed to the joining surface 48 and a subsequent

Limiting the flow or deformation of the melt in the direction of

Visible surfaces 1 1 done.

However, it is also conceivable, for example, to use a machining tool which is described, for example, in DE 10 2015 107 121 A1, there in FIG. 6 and in the associated paragraph [0066] as a molded part 22. It is also possible to use a tool known from DE 10 2016 104 785 A1, designated there as a molded part 4, as a post-processing tool. The movement of the local molding is characterized in the figures of DE 10 2016 104 785 A1 by a double arrow. In particular, the post-processing tool as shown in the Figure 7 there may be formed according to the alternatives A, B and C, which are described in paragraph [0038] of DE 10 2016 104 785 A1.

It is also possible that the counter tool 29 according to Figure 7 and the counter tool 6, for example. Combine according to Figure 1 in such a way that the counter tool a combined rolling and pushing movement with the

Movement shares 17 and 18 completes.

In any case, it has been shown that the separation of the excess melt 7, which takes place before the joining step, leads to significantly better production results than was possible from the previously known devices. The often formed as a single chip melt excess 8 can subsequently be removed in a simple manner, for example by suction or compressed air.

On the visible surfaces 1 1 existing protective films, which are not shown here for the sake of simplicity, can remain without prior processing on the profile part and disturb the aesthetics and mechanical strength of

According to the invention resulting joint compound not or only slightly. INTENTIONALLY EMPTY PAGE

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 profile part

2 profile overlay

3 limiting element

4 profile stop

5 heating element

6 counter tool

7 melt excess

8 Separate melt excess

9 separating edge

10 joining surface

1 1 visible surface

12 functional area

13 rollover

14 supporting surface (for window pane)

15 axis of rotation

16 lateral surface

17 proportion of movement (longitudinal)

18 proportion of movement (transverse)

19 counter tool movement (resulting, oblique)

20 tool spacing

21 profile edge

22 postprocessing tool

23 profile wall

24 Profile cut length

25 separation area line 26 melting endpoint line

27 join endpoint line

28 leadership

29 Counter tool (alternative embodiment) 30 Movement of the limiting element

31 joining plane

32 Fleizfläche

33 stop surface

34 profile part

35 coverage

36 H intersection

37 collar

38 puncture

39 direction

40 counter tool holder

41 adjustment

42 processing area

43 holders

44 device

45 melt

46 working surface

47 working surface

48 direction of movement

Claims

claims

1 . Method for connecting at least two profile parts (1, 34),

in particular for producing door or window frames or wings consisting of a thermoplastic, wherein the at least two profile supports (2) which are movable relative to one another are fixed

Profile parts (1) in a melting step by means of a heating element (5) respectively at an end-side joining surface (10) melted and after

Removal of the heating element (5) in a joining step with the

melted joining surfaces (10) are pressed against each other until the there brought into contact melt below

Forming a welded joint cools and solidifies, wherein at least one outer surface of at least one profile part (1) a

Bounding element (3) with a separating edge (9) up and / or rests, the outlet of a melt surplus (7) at the transition of the respective joining surface (10) to the outer surface of the profile part (1) during the

Anchmelzschrittes controlled and / or limited, characterized in that in a pre-joining step takes place a counter-tool (6, 29) along the separating edge (9) of the

Boundary element (3) is guided through the melt, to separate over the separating edge (9) leaked excess melt (7).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Counter tool (6, 29) performs a rolling movement.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the counter-tool (6, 29) is brought into contact, at least in sections, with the separating edge (9) during the separation of the melt overflow (7).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the

Counter tool (6, 29) is applied to the separating edge (9), in particular spring-loaded.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the limiting element (3) in the plane of the

Outer surface of the profile part (1) on which it rests, is moved relative to the joining surface (10) in at least two positions, in particular in one

Pre-displaced position during the separating step and in a retracted position during the joining step or vice versa.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the counter tool (6, 29) has a predetermined tool spacing (20), preferably less than 0.5 mm, in particular in the range of less than 0.2 mm and greater than 0 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm, to the separating edge (10). 9) is guided.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Counter-tool (6, 29) is knife-like and performs a thrust movement, which extends from one along the separating edge (9)

Movement component (17) and a transverse thereto moving portion (18) composed so that there is a relative to the separating edge (9) obliquely extending movement (19) of the counter tool (6, 29).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the profile edge (21) of the respective profile part which delimits the joining surface (10) in the area machined by the counter-tool (6, 29) by the counter-tool (6, 29) itself or a separately movable finishing tool (22, 22 '). ) is deformed at least in sections towards the inside in the direction of the joining surface (10).

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that on the separation of the melt surplus (7) a post-processing step with a post-processing tool (22, 22 ') is performed, in which the deformation of the profile edge (21).

10. The method according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the post-processing tool (22 ') simultaneously processed both profile parts (1, 34).

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the

Processing by the post-processing tool (22 ') takes place in such a way that both the respective profiled edge (21) of the profile parts (1, 34) by means of

Post-processing tool (22 ') deformed before the joining step as well as during or after completion of the joining step of the joint line resulting from the weld a shape is impressed.

12. The method according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the processing by the post-processing tool (22 ') takes place in two stages such that in the first processing stage, the respective profiled edge (21) of the profile parts (1, 34) by means of the post-processing tool (22') is deformed before the joining step and in the second processing stage during or after completion of the joining step of the resulting through the weld joint line by means of the post-processing tool (22 ') a shape is impressed.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the post-processing tool (22 ') during the joining step, a flow of melt in the direction of the visible surface (1 1) limited.

14. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the profile edge (21) along with the movement of the counter tool along the

Separating edge (9) is deformed.

15. Device for connecting at least two profile parts (1, 34),

in particular for the production of thermoplastic parts consisting of profile parts (1, 34), to door or window frames or -flügeln, with at least two relatively movable profile supports (2) for fixing at least two profile parts (1, 34) and one between the Profile supports (2) insertable heating element (5) for each end-side melting of the at least two fixed profile parts (1) at their

Joining surfaces (10), wherein at least one limiting element (3) for abutment or abutment on at least one outer surface of at least one profile part (1, 34), preferably for contacting at least one visible surface (1 1) and / or at least one functional surface (12) Profile parts (1) is provided, which is formed with a separating edge (9) for controlling and / or limiting the escape of a melt surplus (7) to the outer surface of the profile part (1) at the transition to the respective joining surface (10), characterized in that the device has a counter-tool (6, 29) for separating the excess melt (7) which has leaked via the separating edge (9), which can be moved along the separating edge (9) and through the melt.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the

Counter tool (6, 29) rotatable or pivotable with respect to the separating edge (9) is guided, preferably that the counter-tool (6, 29) is designed as a role.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the

Machining surface, in particular the lateral surface (16) of the

Counter tool (6, 29) is contoured.

18. Device according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that a post-processing tool (22, 22 ') for processing the profile edge (21) of the at least one profile part (1) is provided, wherein the

Post-processing tool (22, 22 ') is preferably designed as a role, or as a bar or as a rocker, preferably each with a V-shaped embossing contour.

19. Device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the heating element (5) and / or the counter-tool (6, 29) and / or a post-processing tool (22, 22 ') for deforming the profile edge (21) at least partially motion coupled and / or provided with its own drive or are connected.

20. Device according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the post-processing tool (22 ') for simultaneously processing the two profile parts to be joined together (1, 34) is formed.

21. Device according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the post-processing tool (22 ') with the profile part (1, 34) in

Contactable processing surface (46), which at least

sections at an angle greater than 0 ° to the joining surface (10).

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the

Post-processing tool (22 ') has at least one second processing surface (47), which adjoins the first processing surface (46) and extends at a different angle to the joining surface (10).

23. Device according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the limiting element (3) and / or the separating edge (9), and / or the counter-tool (6, 29) can be heated or cooled to different temperatures.

24. Device according to one of claims 15 to 23, characterized in that the counter-tool (6, 29) opposite the separating edge (9)

more resistant or less resistant to mechanical wear is formed.

25. Device according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that a height adjustment (41) at least one counter-tool (6, 29) for setting different profile part thicknesses and / or a

Tool cover (35) between the counter tool (6, 29) and the joining surface (10) of the profile part (1) is provided.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the height adjustment (41) is arranged for a coarse and / or fine adjustment of the profile thickness, wherein the coarse adjustment is preferably carried out in millimeter increments and preferably fine adjustment in tenths of millimeter increments.

27. Device according to one of claims 15 to 26, characterized in that the counter-tool (6, 29) at an angle (a) to the plane of the joining surface (10) is adjustable.