WO2019101112A1 - 一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备 - Google Patents

一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备 Download PDF

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WO2019101112A1
WO2019101112A1 PCT/CN2018/116806 CN2018116806W WO2019101112A1 WO 2019101112 A1 WO2019101112 A1 WO 2019101112A1 CN 2018116806 W CN2018116806 W CN 2018116806W WO 2019101112 A1 WO2019101112 A1 WO 2019101112A1
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solar
brine
heat carrier
evaporation
solar collector
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PCT/CN2018/116806
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English (en)
French (fr)
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雷政军
吴浩
高超
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西安威西特消防科技有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2019101112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019101112A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/02—Crystallisation from solutions

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  • the utility model relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of brine, and more particularly to a device for extracting minerals in brine water by using solar energy.
  • the salt lake brine contains abundant mineral resources such as magnesium, lithium, calcium and potassium. China's salt lake resources are mainly distributed in Qinghai, Cambodia, Xinjiang and other provinces. However, because the salt lakes in these provinces are often sparsely populated, infrastructure is not perfect, and energy supply is insufficient, it has brought serious constraints to the development and utilization of these resources.
  • the devices for extracting minerals in brine mainly include evaporation crystallization method, precipitation method, salting out method, carbonization method, flotation method, extraction method, ion exchange adsorption method, calcination method, membrane separation method and the like.
  • the existing production process uses natural beach drying and evaporation crystallization, but the sun exposure time of Rizhao Beach often reaches 3 to 6 months, which severely limits the improvement of production efficiency.
  • the industrial evaporative crystallization method is not suitable for direct application in the salt lake area due to its huge energy consumption, and the promotion of brine extraction and comprehensive utilization technology is also limited. Therefore, it is particularly important to seek a simple, efficient and energy-saving extraction technology.
  • the utility model provides a device for extracting halogen by using solar energy, which is economical, efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and is suitable for large-scale promotion of the salt lake area.
  • a solar energy evaporation and halogen extraction device comprises a solar collector, a heat exchanger, a brine pool, a brine feed inlet and a crystal slurry outlet, wherein the solar collector is provided with a heat carrier inlet at one end and the other end is provided There is a heat carrier outlet; the heat carrier outlet of the solar collector is connected to a heat exchanger disposed in the brine pool through a pipeline; the heat carrier heated by the solar collector heats the brine in the brine tank through the heat exchanger The water is evaporated, and the cooled heat carrier is returned to the solar collector through the pipeline to complete the cycle.
  • a heat exchanger inlet valve is disposed between the solar collector and the heat exchanger, and a heat carrier storage tank is further disposed at a rear end of the heat exchanger, and a heat carrier storage is disposed at a rear end of the heat carrier storage tank Tank ball valve and heat carrier return pump.
  • a spray unit is disposed above the brine pool, the spray unit includes a plurality of uniform spray head groups and a spray circulation line, and the free end of the spray circulation line is disposed in the brine pool, and the other end It is connected to the shower head group by a spray circulation pump.
  • An air duct is formed on the outer side of the brine pool, and the two long sides and the top of the air duct are closed, and the two wide sides are provided with openings; and one of the open ends is provided with a fan.
  • the fan is driven by an external pneumatic impeller through a speed reduction mechanism.
  • the air duct is a solar greenhouse structure, and the upper part of the structure is a transparent glass or plastic ceiling, which can absorb the heat of the sunlight and increase the temperature around the brine pool.
  • the solar collector is an all-glass vacuum tube solar collector, comprising a vertically disposed intermediate header and a glass vacuum tube group arranged in parallel on both sides of the collector tube, the open end and the current collection of the glass vacuum tube The tubes are connected.
  • the closed end of the glass vacuum tube is slightly higher than the open end thereof to facilitate the circulation of the heat carrier.
  • a temperature sensor is further disposed at the feeding port and the discharging port of the heat exchanger in the brine pool, which can monitor the temperature of the heat carrier, control the valve opening in real time, supplement the high temperature heat carrier and discharge the heat carrier after cooling and heat exchange. , complete the cycle heating.
  • the brine pool is further provided with a crystal slurry concentration sensor.
  • the valve for controlling the crystal slurry outlet 8 is opened to discharge the crystal slurry.
  • the utility model utilizes the characteristics of local light intensity and adapts to local conditions, proposes a device that uses solar collectors instead of traditional hot steam, evaporates and crystallizes the brine, extracts the required minerals, and effectively saves energy. Reducing the requirements for infrastructure is suitable for large-scale promotion in the salt lake area.
  • the heat carrier heat-transfer medium proposed by the utility model abandons the traditional heat conduction of the water medium, and uses the heat-conducting oil with higher heat-conducting temperature as the heat-conducting medium, and can directly heat the brine to the boiling point or more, thereby greatly improving the evaporation crystallization efficiency of the brine.
  • the fan unit at one end of the air duct and the spray unit above the brine pool are used to further reduce the evaporation effect by increasing the evaporation surface area and increasing the air flow rate to reduce the air humidity in the evaporation area; meanwhile, the sprayed water
  • the curtain can flush out the surface salt layer deposited on the surface of the brine pool due to evaporation and accelerate evaporation.
  • the utility model can increase the air flow rate by directly setting the greenhouse air passage, and can also directly add the air in the greenhouse by using the solar radiation, and combine the fan to reduce the regional air humidity and enhance the evaporation effect.
  • the utility model adopts a specially designed horizontal-row glass vacuum tube solar collector, which effectively solves the problem of heat carrier circulation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention
  • a solar energy evaporation and halogen extraction device comprises a solar collector 1, a heat exchanger 2, a brine pool 3, a brine feed port 7 and a crystal slurry outlet 8, wherein the solar collector 1 is provided with a heat carrier inlet at one end, and One end is provided with a heat carrier outlet; the heat carrier outlet of the solar collector 1 is connected to the heat exchanger 2 disposed in the brine pool 3 through a pipeline; the heat carrier heated by the solar collector passes through the heat exchanger 2 The brine in the brine pool 3 is heated, and the cooled heat carrier is returned to the solar collector 1 through the pipeline to complete the cycle.
  • a heat exchanger inlet valve 6 is disposed between the solar collector 1 and the heat exchanger 3, and a heat carrier storage tank 4 is further disposed at a rear end of the heat exchanger 3, and the rear of the heat carrier storage tank 4 The end is provided with a heat carrier tank ball valve 5 and a heat carrier reflux pump 14.
  • a shower unit 9 is disposed above the brine pool, and the shower unit 9 includes a plurality of uniform showerhead sets 901 and a spray circulation line 902.
  • the free end of the spray circulation line 902 is disposed at The other end of the brine pool is connected to the shower head set 901 by a spray circulation pump 903.
  • An air duct 10 is formed on the outer side of the brine pool 3.
  • the two long sides and the top of the air duct are closed, and the two wide sides are provided with openings; and one of the open ends is provided with a fan 11.
  • the fan 11 is driven by the external pneumatic impeller 13 through the reduction mechanism 12.
  • the air duct 10 is a solar greenhouse structure, and the upper part of the structure is a transparent glass or plastic ceiling, which can absorb the heat of the sun to increase the temperature of the air around the brine pool and promote evaporation.
  • the solar collector 1 is an all-glass vacuum tube solar collector, comprising a vertically disposed intermediate header and a glass vacuum tube group arranged in parallel on both sides of the collector tube, the open end and the set of the glass vacuum tube The flow tubes are connected.
  • the closed end of the glass vacuum tube is slightly higher than the open end thereof, so that the heat carrier in the glass vacuum tube is completely drained.
  • a temperature sensor is further disposed at the feeding port and the discharging port of the heat exchanger in the brine pool, which can monitor the temperature of the heat carrier, control the valve opening in real time, supplement the high temperature heat carrier and discharge the heat carrier after cooling and heat exchange. , complete the cycle heating.
  • the brine pool is further provided with a crystal slurry concentration sensor.
  • the valve for controlling the crystal slurry outlet 8 is opened to discharge the crystal slurry.
  • the heat carrier conventionally employs water, preferably a heat transfer oil as a heat carrier.
  • the working process of the device of the utility model is:
  • the heat carrier is heated by a solar collector, and when the heat carrier is heated to a specified temperature, the heat exchanger feed valve is opened; the raw material brine is added from the brine feed port, and the heat carrier and the heat carrier are cyclically exchanged in the brine pool. Heat, heating the brine to evaporate water; the heat carrier after heat exchange is circulated through the circulation line to the solar collector for heating again.
  • the fan unit at one end of the air duct and the spray unit above the brine pool can further enhance the evaporation effect by increasing the evaporation surface area and increasing the air flow rate to reduce the air humidity in the evaporation area. Meanwhile, the water curtain can be sprayed out.
  • the surface of the brine pool is washed away by evaporation and crystallized to accelerate evaporation.
  • the outlet valve is opened, and the mineral crystal slurry is discharged from the crystal slurry outlet, and the desired mineral is obtained through subsequent processing.
  • the apparatus of the present invention and the industrial vapor source evaporation crystallization apparatus can reach a high level in terms of extraction efficiency, extraction purity and treatment cycle, but the utility model directly utilizes solar energy and wind energy, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. , low dependence on infrastructure.
  • the natural beach drying method directly uses solar energy, it has a large area and is easy to accept the influence of external environment changes. The processing cycle and extraction efficiency are far lower than the utility model.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备，包括太阳能集热器（1）、换热器（2）、卤水池（3）、卤水进料口（7）和晶浆出口（8），太阳能集热器（1）一端设有热载体进口，另一端设有热载体出口；太阳能集热器（1）的热载体出口通过管路与设置于卤水池（3）内的换热器（2）连接；经太阳能集热器（1）加热的热载体，通过换热器（2）使卤水池（3）中的卤水升温，冷却后的热载体通过管路回流至太阳能集热器（1）完成循环。

Description

一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备 技术领域
本实用新型涉及卤水综合利用技术领域，更具体地说是一种利用太阳能提取卤水中矿物质的装置。
背景技术
盐湖卤水中蕴含着丰富的镁、锂、钙、钾等矿物资源。我国盐湖资源主要分布在青海、西藏、新疆等省份，但由于这些省的盐湖地区往往人口稀少，基础设施尚不完善，能源供应不充足，因此给开发利用这些资源带来了严重的制约。目前卤水中提取矿物质的装置主要有蒸发结晶法、沉淀法、盐析法、碳化法、浮选法、萃取法、离子交换吸附法、煅烧法、膜分离法等多种装置。现有的生产工艺，为了节约能源、降低对基础设施的要求，多采用自然滩晒、蒸发结晶等装置，但由于日照滩晒耗时往往达到3～6个月，严重限制了生产效率的提升，而工业用蒸发结晶法由于能耗巨大，也不适于在盐湖区直接应用，卤水提取及综合利用技术的推广也因此受到了限制。因此寻求一种简单、高效并且节能环保的提取技术，显得尤为重要。
实用新型内容
针对现有技术的缺陷，特别是我国盐湖资源分布地的特点，本实用新型提供了一种利用太阳能蒸发提卤的设备，经济高效并且节能环保，适于盐湖区规模化推广。
本实用新型采用的技术方案是：
一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备，包括太阳能集热器、换热器、卤水池、卤水进料口和晶浆出口，其特征在于：所述太阳能集热器一端设有热载体进口，另一端设有热载体出口；所述太阳能集热器的热载体出口通过管路与设置于卤水池内的换热器连接；经太阳能集热器加热的热载体，通过换热器使卤水池中的卤水升温进行水分蒸发，冷却后的热载体通过管路回流至太阳能集热器完成循环。
所述太阳能集热器和换热器之间设有换热器进料阀，所述换热器后端还设有热载体储罐，所述热载体储罐的后端设有热载体储罐球阀和热载体回流泵。
所述卤水池上方设有喷淋单元，所述喷淋单元包括均布的多个喷淋头组和喷淋循环管路，所述喷淋循环管路的自由端设置于卤水池内，另一端通过喷淋循环泵与喷淋头组相连。
所述卤水池外侧建有风道，所述风道的两长边及顶部封闭，两宽边处设开口；所述其中一开口端处设有风扇。
所述风扇由外部风动叶轮通过减速机构传动。
所述风道为太阳能温室结构，其结构上部为透明玻璃或塑料顶棚，可吸收阳光热量提高卤水池周围温度。
所述的太阳能集热器为全玻璃真空管式太阳能集热器，包括垂直设置的中间集流管和位于集流管两侧平行排布的玻璃真空管组，所述玻璃真空管的开口端与集流管相连通。
所述玻璃真空管的封闭端略高于其开口段，方便热载体循环。
所述卤水池中换热器的进料口和出料口处还分别设有温度传感器，可监控热载体温度，并实时控制阀门开启，补充高温热载体并将冷却换热后的热载体排出，完成循环加热。
所述卤水池中还设有晶浆浓度传感器，当卤水池中卤水蒸发至所需浓度时，控制晶浆出口8的阀门打开，排出晶浆。
相对于现有技术，本实用新型的优势在于：
1)本实用新型结合盐湖地区实际情况，利用当地光照强的特点，因地制宜，提出利用太阳能集热器代替传统热蒸汽的装置，对卤水进行蒸发结晶处理，提取所需矿物质，有效节约能源、降低对基础设施的要求，适于盐湖地区大面积推广。
2)本实用新型提出的热载体导热介质，摒弃传统的水介质导热，利用导热温度更高的导热油作为导热介质，可将卤水直接加热至沸点以上，大大提高了卤水蒸发结晶效率。
3)蒸发过程中结合风道一端的风扇组和卤水池上方的喷淋单元，通过增大蒸发表面积和增强空气流速降低蒸发区域空气湿度的方法，进一步加强蒸发效果；同时，喷淋出的水帘可冲散卤水池表面由于蒸发结晶析出的表面盐层，加速蒸发。
4)本实用新型通过设置温室式结构风道，增强空气流速的同时也可利用太阳辐射直接加温室内空气，结合风扇降低区域空气湿度，加强蒸发效果。
5)本实用新型采用特殊设计的横排式玻璃真空管太阳能集热器，有效解决了热载体循环问题。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例的结构示意图
具体实施方式
以下是本实用新型内容的具体实施例，用于阐述本申请文件中所要解决技术问题的技术方案，有助于本领域技术人员理解本实用新型内容，但本实用新型技术方案的实现并不限于这些实施例。
一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备，包括太阳能集热器1、换热器2、卤水池3、卤水进料口7和晶浆出口8，所述太阳能集热器1一端设有热载体进口，另一端设有热载体出口；所述太阳能集热器1的热载体出口通过管路与设置于卤水池3内的换热器2连接；经太阳能集热器加热的热载体，通过换热器2使卤水池3中的卤水升温，冷却后的热载体通过管路回流至太阳能集热器1完成循环。所述太阳能集热器1和换热器3之间设有换热器进料阀6，所述换热器3后端还设有热载体储罐4，所述热载体储罐4的后端设有热载体储罐球阀5和热载体回流泵14。
所述卤水池上方设有喷淋单元9，所述喷淋单元9包括均布的多个喷淋头组901和喷淋循环管路902，所述喷淋循环管路902的自由端设置于卤水池内，另一端通过喷淋循环泵903与喷淋头组901相连。
所述卤水池3外侧建有风道10，所述风道的两长边及顶部封闭，两宽边处设开口；所述其中一开口端处设有风扇11。所述风扇11由外部风动叶轮13通过减速机构12进行传动。所述风道10为太阳能温室结构，其结构上部为透明玻璃或塑料顶棚，可吸收阳光热量提高卤水池周围空气温度，促进蒸发。所述的太阳能集热器1为全玻璃真空管式太阳能集 热器，包括垂直设置的中间集流管和位于集流管两侧平行排布的玻璃真空管组，所述玻璃真空管的开口端与集流管相连通。所述玻璃真空管的封闭端略高于其开口端，便于玻璃真空管内热载体完全排净。
所述卤水池中换热器的进料口和出料口处还分别设有温度传感器，可监控热载体温度，并实时控制阀门开启，补充高温热载体并将冷却换热后的热载体排出，完成循环加热。
所述卤水池中还设有晶浆浓度传感器，当卤水池中卤水蒸发至所需浓度时，控制晶浆出口8的阀门打开，排出晶浆。
所述热载体常规采用水，优选的采用导热油作为热载体。
本实用新型装置的工作流程为：
利用太阳能集热器将热载体加热，当热载体加热到指定温度时，打开换热器进料阀；从卤水进料口加入原料卤水，在卤水池中通过换热器与热载体进行循环换热，加热卤水进行水分蒸发；换热后的热载体经循环管路循环至太阳能集热器再次加热。蒸发过程中结合风道一端的风扇组和卤水池上方的喷淋单元，通过增大蒸发表面积和增强空气流速降低蒸发区域空气湿度的方法，进一步加强蒸发效果；同时，喷淋出的水帘可冲散卤水池表面由于蒸发结晶析出的表面盐层，加速蒸发。当卤水池中浓度达到要求时，开启出料口阀门，所述矿物质晶浆从晶浆出口排出，经后续工艺处理得到所需矿物质。
本实用新型装置与现有技术对比
Figure PCTCN2018116806-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018116806-appb-000002
从表中可以看出，从提取效率、提取纯度和处理周期看，本实用新型装置与工业上蒸汽源蒸发结晶装置均能达到较高水平，但本实用新型装置直接利用太阳能和风能，节能环保，对基础设施依赖度小。自然滩晒法虽然直接利用太阳能，但占地面积巨大，易收外部环境变化影响，处理周期及提取效率均远低于本实用新型。
上述实施例仅仅是对本实用新型优选方案的说明，并不限制本实用新型。只要在本实用新型的实质精神范围内对上述实施例的变化、变型都应落入本申请的权利要求书请求保护的范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种太阳能蒸发提卤设备，包括太阳能集热器(1)、换热器(2)、卤水池(3)、卤水进料口(7)和晶浆出口(8)，其特征在于：所述太阳能集热器(1)一端设有热载体进口，另一端设有热载体出口；所述太阳能集热器(1)的热载体出口通过管路与设置于卤水池(3)内的换热器(2)连接；经太阳能集热器加热的热载体，通过换热器(2)使卤水池(3)中的卤水升温，冷却后的热载体通过管路回流至太阳能集热器(1)完成循环。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述太阳能集热器(1)和换热器(3)之间设有换热器进料阀(6)，所述换热器(3)后端还设有热载体储罐(4)，所述热载体储罐(4)的后端设有热载体储罐球阀(5)和热载体回流泵(14)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述卤水池上方设有喷淋单元(9)，所述喷淋单元(9)包括均布的多个喷淋头组(901)和喷淋循环管路(902)，所述喷淋循环管路(902)的自由端设置于卤水池内，另一端通过喷淋循环泵(903)与喷淋头组(901)相连。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述卤水池(3)外侧建有风道(10)，所述风道的两长边及顶部封闭，两宽边处设开口；所述其中一开口端处设有风扇(11)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述风扇(11)由外部风动叶轮(13)通过减速机构(12)传动。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述风道(10)为太阳能温室结构，其结构上部为透明玻璃或塑料顶棚，可吸收阳光热量提高卤水池周围温度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述的太阳能集热器(1)为全玻璃真空管式太阳能集热器，包括垂直设置的中间集流管和位于集流管两侧平行排布的玻璃真空管组，所述玻璃真空管的开口端与集流管相连通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述玻璃真空管的封闭端略高于其开口端。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能蒸发提卤设备，其特征在于：所述卤水池中换热器的进料口和出料口处分别设有温度传感器，所述卤水池中还设有浓度传感器。
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CN207684929U (zh) * 2017-11-22 2018-08-03 西安威西特消防科技有限责任公司 一种利用太阳能提取卤水中矿物质的装置
CN110671826A (zh) * 2019-10-21 2020-01-10 江苏省瑞丰盐业有限公司 一种提升井矿盐制盐进罐卤水温度的太阳能利用装置

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