WO2019100210A1 - 一种球面超声换能器成型装置及相关方法 - Google Patents

一种球面超声换能器成型装置及相关方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100210A1
WO2019100210A1 PCT/CN2017/112160 CN2017112160W WO2019100210A1 WO 2019100210 A1 WO2019100210 A1 WO 2019100210A1 CN 2017112160 W CN2017112160 W CN 2017112160W WO 2019100210 A1 WO2019100210 A1 WO 2019100210A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spherical
molding
ultrasonic transducer
sphere
molding apparatus
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PCT/CN2017/112160
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑海荣
郭瑞彪
钱明
李永川
黄继卿
唐彩云
杨新新
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/112160 priority Critical patent/WO2019100210A1/zh
Publication of WO2019100210A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100210A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a spherical ultrasonic transducer forming device, a preparation method of a molding die and a method for pressing a piezoelectric ceramic material into a spherical shape.
  • Brain treatments mainly include drugs and external stimulation treatments.
  • Methods of external stimulation include light stimulation, electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, and ultrasound stimulation.
  • Ultrasound stimulation is gaining more and more attention due to its safety, non-invasiveness, effectiveness and real-time performance.
  • Many laboratories in the world are currently undergoing ultrasound stimulation to treat brain diseases, and have begun to perform ultrasound stimulation experiments on animals (such as mice, rabbits, monkeys, etc.) to explore and verify the therapeutic effect of ultrasound on animal brain diseases. .
  • Focused spherical ultrasound systems are widely used, and focused spherical ultrasonic transducers are a core component.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the formation of a conventional spherical ultrasonic transducer.
  • the ball 11 is fitted to a base 12 having a concave spherical surface, and the piezoelectric ceramic material 13 is press-formed therebetween.
  • the existing spherical ultrasonic transducer must be formed by using a jig, the pressure uniformity is poor, the accuracy of the forming radius of curvature is lowered, and the piezoelectric ceramic material is easily broken. Therefore, how to ensure accurate and convenient forming radius of curvature, simple operation and non-breaking of piezoelectric ceramic materials is the key to spherical transducer molding.
  • the present invention proposes a spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus, which prepares a spherical transducer with a precise radius of curvature, and can prepare a spherical ultrasonic transducer with different curvature radii, and a piezoelectric ceramic.
  • the material is easy to form, not easily broken and uniform it is good.
  • the present invention provides a spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus, comprising: a spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus, comprising: a support member, a molding member, and a pressing member, wherein the support member is used for Supporting the molded component;
  • the molded component includes a molding die and a sphere, the molding die being prepared from an elastic material and having a concave spherical surface matching the spherical body; a concave spherical surface of the molding die and the spherical body
  • the pressing member is for applying pressure to the molded member to shape the piezoelectric ceramic material, and the supporting member, the molding member and the pressing member are coaxially disposed.
  • the support member includes a base and a shaped support portion disposed on the base.
  • the base is integrally formed with the forming support portion or is of a split type.
  • the shaped support portion is approximately bowl-shaped having a bottom cylinder and a tapered side surface extending upward from a circumference of the bottom cylinder.
  • the base is formed integrally with the forming support portion
  • the base is provided with a cylindrical groove that cooperates with the bottom cylinder to mount the forming support portion.
  • the forming mold is prepared by the support member and the sphere.
  • the forming die has an outer conical surface that cooperates with an inner conical surface of the forming support.
  • the elastic material comprises silicone rubber.
  • the sphere is a metal sphere.
  • the pressing member comprises a coaxial pressing plate, a pressing screw and a compression nut, the pressing screw is fixedly connected to the supporting member, and the coaxial pressing plate has a passage for the pressing screw a round hole for engaging the pressing screw to press the coaxial pressure plate.
  • the pressing member further has a positioning member
  • the positioning member includes a fixing member a positioning guide connected to the support member and a positioning hole disposed on the coaxial pressure plate for the positioning guide to pass through.
  • the coaxial pressure plate has a cylindrical through hole coaxial with the ball.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a molding die for the above-described spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus, comprising the steps of: injecting a liquid silicone rubber into a molding support portion; placing the sphere on the liquid silicone rubber and The sphere is pressed down to a certain depth; and allowed to stand for at least 12 hours, after the liquid silicone rubber is solidified, the molding die can be formed.
  • the silicone rubber may be replaced with other elastic materials.
  • the sphere is a metal sphere.
  • the metal ball is a stainless steel sphere.
  • the size of the metal ball may depend on the forming curvature.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention provides a method for pressing a piezoelectric ceramic material into a spherical shape, which comprises the above-described spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus, comprising the steps of: placing a piezoelectric ceramic material on a molding die; Placing a sphere on the piezoelectric ceramic material; applying pressure to the sphere by a coaxial platen to move the sphere downward; pressing the piezoelectric ceramic material into a sphere by a downward pressure applied by the sphere .
  • the sphere is a metal sphere.
  • the metal ball is a stainless steel sphere.
  • the size of the metal ball may depend on the forming curvature.
  • the spherical transducer prepared by the molding device of the invention has precise curvature radius and can prepare spherical ultrasonic transducers with different curvature radii, and has wider versatility.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic material is easily formed, is not easily broken, and has uniform uniformity.
  • the molding apparatus of the present invention is convenient to carry and simple to operate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the formation of a conventional spherical ultrasonic transducer.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view of a base mounting guide and a threaded rod of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an installation molding support of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a mounting molding die in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the overall assembly of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus includes a support member, a molding member, and a pressing member.
  • the support member is for supporting the molded member
  • the pressing member is for applying pressure to the molded member to shape the piezoelectric ceramic material, and the support member, the molded member, and the pressing member are coaxially disposed .
  • the support member includes a base 21 and a molding support portion 22 provided on the base 21.
  • the base 21 and the forming support portion 22 are separate and are two separate components.
  • the base and the forming support can be integrally formed.
  • the molding support portion 22 is approximately bowl-shaped, has a bottom cylinder and a tapered side surface extending upward from the circumference of the bottom cylinder.
  • the shape of the forming support is not limited, and the shape is not limited.
  • the base 21 is provided with a cylindrical groove 21a that cooperates with the bottom cylinder to mount the forming support Part 22.
  • the base 21 is square or rectangular, and the cylindrical groove 21a is disposed at an approximate central position of the base.
  • the molded part includes a molding die 23 and a ball 24.
  • the molding die 23 is made of an elastic material and has a concave spherical surface 23a that matches the spherical body 24.
  • a piezoelectric ceramic material (not shown) is placed between the concave spherical surface 23a of the molding die 23 and the spherical body 24.
  • the molding die 23 can be prepared by the molding support portion 22 of the support member and the ball 24. Specifically, the liquid silicone rubber is injected into the molding support portion 22, and then the spherical body 24 is placed on the liquid silicone rubber and the spherical body 24 is pressed down to a certain depth, and then left to stand for at least 12 hours, and the liquid silicone rubber is solidified. Forming the mold 23. In this way, the concave spherical surface 23a of the molding die 23 is properly matched with the outer shape of the spherical body 24, which is advantageous for molding the spherical ultrasonic transducer.
  • the molding die 23 thus prepared has an outer conical surface that cooperates with the inner conical surface of the molding support portion 22, so that the two can be accurately coaxially matched.
  • the molding die 23 is prepared using a silicone rubber material. In other embodiments, the molding die can also be prepared using other elastic materials.
  • the sphere 24 is preferably a metal ball.
  • a stainless steel sphere is preferred.
  • the size of the metal ball 24 may vary depending on the forming curvature.
  • a spherical ultrasonic transducer of different radius of curvature may be prepared using a series of sizes of metal balls.
  • the pressing member includes a coaxial pressure plate 25, a compression screw 26, and a compression nut 27.
  • the pressing screw 26 is fixedly coupled to the base 21 of the support member.
  • the number of compression screws 26 is two, disposed at two diagonal positions of a square or rectangular base.
  • the coaxial pressure plate 25 correspondingly has a circular hole (cylindrical through hole) through which the pressing screw 26 passes, and the compression nut 27 is used to cooperate with the pressing screw 26 to press the coaxial Platen 25.
  • the coaxial pressure plate 25 can be moved toward the base 21 along the compression screw 26, thereby applying pressure to the ball 24 to move toward the base 21.
  • the pressing member further has a positioning member
  • the positioning member includes a positioning guide 28 fixedly coupled to the base 21 of the supporting member, and is disposed on the coaxial pressing plate 25 for the positioning guide A positioning hole (cylindrical through hole) through which the rod 28 passes.
  • the positioning guide 28 It can be cylindrical, in number two, and placed at two other diagonal positions on a square or rectangular base.
  • the guide rod satisfies the function of use, it is not limited to the cylindrical rod and the number. In this way, the coaxial pressure plate 25 can stably move up and down along the positioning guide 28 without causing problems such as direction shifting, rotation, and the like, and further improving the accuracy of coaxiality between the respective components.
  • the coaxial pressure plate 25 further has a cylindrical through hole 25a coaxial with the ball 24. That is, the central axis of the cylindrical through hole 25a is on the same vertical line as the central axis of the sphere 24. In this way, the coaxial platen 25 and the ball 24 can be accurately coaxially matched.
  • the pressing screw 26 and the pressure plate guide 28 are first fixed to the base 21, and the upper surface of the base 21 is provided with a coaxial cylindrical groove 21a for mounting the molding support portion 22.
  • the platen guide bar 28 is used to cooperate with the positioning of the coaxial platen 25 so that the coaxial platen 25 can be stably moved up and down without being displaced or rotated, so that the cylindrical through hole 25a of the coaxial platen 25 and the base cylindrical groove 21a are coaxial.
  • the pressing screw 26 is engaged with the compression nut 27 for pressing the coaxial pressure plate 25.
  • the molding support portion 22 is mounted on the cylindrical groove 21a of the base 21 as shown in FIG.
  • the bottom cylinder of the molding support portion 22 is engaged with the cylindrical groove 21a of the base 21 to ensure the coaxiality of the base 21 and the molding support portion 22.
  • the base 21 is used to bear the forming support portion 22.
  • the molding die 23 is mounted on the molding support portion 22, and the outer conical surface of the molding die 23 is fitted to the inner conical surface of the molding support as shown in FIG.
  • the molding die 23 is prepared by using the size of the metal ball 24 used and the molding support portion 22, and is used in combination.
  • the molding die 23 is prepared by molding the support portion 22 and the metal ball 24, and the coaxiality of the three members can be ensured.
  • the molding die 23 is prepared using an elastic material, which is prepared using silicone rubber in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the coaxial pressure plate is installed, the coaxial pressure plate is opened diagonally with four cylindrical through holes, the two through holes are matched with the pressure plate guide bar 28, and the other two through holes are matched with the pressure plate screw 26; and the compression nut is used. 27 cooperates with the pressing screw 26 to tighten the pressure plate 25 to move the pressure plate 25 downward.
  • a metal ball 24 is added between the molding die 23 and the coaxial pressing plate 25 as shown in FIG. Metal ball 24 is used to The piezoelectric ceramic material (not shown) placed in advance on the molding die 23 is pressed into a spherical shape, that is, the piezoelectric ceramic material has a spherical surface.
  • the method of pressing a piezoelectric ceramic material into a spherical shape includes the steps of: placing a piezoelectric ceramic material on a molding die; placing a sphere (metal ball) 24 on the piezoelectric ceramic material; and passing the coaxial pressing plate 25 Applying pressure to the ball 24 causes the ball 24 to move downward; the piezoelectric ceramic material is pressed into a spherical shape by the downward pressure applied by the ball 24.
  • the center of the coaxial pressure plate 25 is provided with a cylindrical through hole 25a whose central axis is coaxial with the metal ball, thus ensuring that the pressure plate 25, the metal ball 24, the molding die 23, the molding support portion 22 and the base 21 are coaxial,
  • the piezoelectric ceramic is pressed into a spherical shape, it is concentrated, easily formed, and is not easily broken.
  • the spherical ultrasonic transducer molding apparatus prepareds a series of molding die parts through a series of metal balls of different sizes and a molding support portion, thereby ensuring the integrity and coaxiality of the three components. Moreover, spherical ultrasonic transducers with different radii of curvature can be prepared, which is more versatile.
  • the spherical ultrasonic transducer molding device ensures the concentration of pressure by ensuring the coaxiality of the base, the forming support portion, the molding die, the metal ball and the coaxial pressure plate, thereby ensuring the spherical piezoelectric ceramic. Easy to form, not easy to break and uniform.
  • the spherical ultrasonic transducer forming device uses the pressure plate guide rod to position the coaxial pressure plate, and uses the pressing screw and the compression nut to press the coaxial pressure plate, thereby realizing accurate positioning of each component and balancing the force. And the entire molding device is simple and convenient to operate.

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Abstract

一种球面超声换能器成型装置及相关方法。成型装置包括：支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件。支撑部件用于支撑成型部件；成型部件包括成型模具(23)和球体(24)，成型模具(23)由弹性材料制备而成，并具有与球体(24)匹配的凹球面(23a)；成型模具(23)的凹球面(23a)与球体(24)之间用于放置压电陶瓷材料；压紧部件用于对成型部件施加压力以使压电陶瓷材料成型，支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件同轴设置。成型装置制备的球面换能器曲率半径精准，并且可以制备不同曲率半径的球面超声换能器，通用性更广。通过成型装置，压电陶瓷材料容易成型，不易破碎并且均匀一致性好。另外，成型装置方便携带、操作简单。

Description

一种球面超声换能器成型装置及相关方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种球面超声换能器成型装置、成型模具的制备方法和将压电陶瓷材料压成球形的方法。
背景技术
随着抑郁症、帕金森病等脑部疾病的患者不断地增加，脑部疾病的诊疗也成为目前医疗研究的热点。现今脑部治疗主要包括药物和外部刺激治疗方法。外部刺激的方法有光刺激、电刺激、磁刺激和超声刺激。超声刺激由于其安全性、无创性、有效性和实时性得到越来越广泛的关注。现今世界上有许多实验室正在进行超声刺激治疗脑部疾病的研究，并开始在动物(例如老鼠、兔子和猴子等)身上进行超声刺激实验来探索和验证超声对动物的脑部疾病的治疗效果。聚焦球面超声系统被广泛使用，而聚焦球面超声换能器是其核心部件。
图1为现有的球面超声换能器成型示意图。如图1所示，球体11与具有凹球面的底座12配合，对其间的压电陶瓷材料13进行加压成型。由于现有的球面超声换能器必须使用夹具成型，压力均匀性差，成型曲率半径的精确性下降，压电陶瓷材料容易破碎。因此，如何保证成型曲率半径精准、方便快捷、操作简单和压电陶瓷材料不破碎是球面换能器成型的关键。
发明内容
针对现有技术的上述问题，本发明提出了一种球面超声换能器成型装置，其制备的球面换能器曲率半径精准，并且可以制备不同曲率半径的球面超声换能器，以及压电陶瓷材料容易成型，不易破碎并且均匀一致性 好。
本发明提供了一种球面超声换能器成型装置，包括：一种球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，包括：支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件，其中，所述支撑部件用于支撑所述成型部件；所述成型部件包括成型模具和球体，所述成型模具由弹性材料制备而成，并具有与所述球体匹配的凹球面；所述成型模具的凹球面与所述球体之间用于放置压电陶瓷材料；所述压紧部件用于对所述成型部件施加压力以使所述压电陶瓷材料成型，所述支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件同轴设置。
优选地，所述支撑部件包括底座和设置于所述底座上的成型支撑部。
优选地，所述底座与所述成型支撑部为一体成形，或者为分体式的。
优选地，所述成型支撑部为近似碗状，具有底圆柱以及自所述底圆柱的周缘向上延伸的锥形侧面。
优选地，所述底座与所述成型支撑部分体式形成的情况下，所述底座上设置有与所述底圆柱配合的圆柱槽，以安装所述成型支撑部。
优选地，所述成型模具通过所述支撑部件和所述球体制备。
优选地，所述成型模具具有与所述成型支撑部的内圆锥面配合的外圆锥面。
优选地，所述弹性材料包括硅橡胶。
优选地，所述球体为金属球。
优选地，所述压紧部件包括同轴压板、压紧螺杆和压紧螺母，所述压紧螺杆固定连接于所述支撑部件上，所述同轴压板上具有供所述压紧螺杆通过的圆孔，所述压紧螺母用于与所述压紧螺杆配合以压紧所述同轴压板。
优选地，所述压紧部件还具有定位部件，所述定位部件包括固定 连接于所述支撑部件上的定位导杆以及设置于所述同轴压板上可供所述定位导杆穿过的定位孔。
优选地，所述同轴压板上具有与所述球体同轴的圆柱通孔。
本发明的另一方面还提供了一种所述成型模具用于上述的球面超声换能器成型装置，包括如下步骤：在成型支撑部中注入液体硅橡胶；将球体放置于液体硅橡胶上并将球体下压一定的深度；以及静置至少12小时，待液体硅橡胶固化后，即可制成成型模具。
优选地，所述硅橡胶可以替换为其他弹性材料。
优选地，所述球体为金属球。
优选地，所述金属球为不锈钢球体。
优选地，所述金属球的尺寸可以根据成型曲率而定。
本发明的又一方面还提供了一种将压电陶瓷材料压成球形的方法，该方法采用上述的球面超声换能器成型装置，包括如下步骤：将压电陶瓷材料放置于成型模具上；将球体放置于所述压电陶瓷材料上；通过同轴压板对所述球体施加压力使所述球体向下移动；通过所述球体施加的向下的压力将所述压电陶瓷材料压成球形。
优选地，所述球体为金属球。
优选地，所述金属球为不锈钢球体。
优选地，所述金属球的尺寸可以根据成型曲率而定。
有益效果
本发明的成型装置制备的球面换能器曲率半径精准，并且可以制备不同曲率半径的球面超声换能器，通用性更广。通过本发明成型装置，压电陶瓷材料容易成型，不易破碎并且均匀一致性好。另外，本发明的成型装置方便携带、操作简单。
附图说明
图1是现有的球面超声换能器成型示意图。
图2是本发明的一个实施例的球面超声换能器成型装置的分解图。
图3是本发明的一个实施例的底座安装导杆和螺纹杆的示意图。
图4是本发明的一个实施例的安装成型支撑的示意图。
图5是本发明的一个实施例的安装成型模具的示意图。
图6是本发明的一个实施例的总装配示意图。
具体实施方式
在下列说明中，为了提供对本发明的彻底了解而提出许多具体细节。本发明可在不具有部分或所有这些具体细节的情况下实施。在其他情况下，为了不对本发明造成不必要的混淆，不详述众所周知的过程操作。虽然本发明将结合具体实施例来进行说明，但应当理解的是，这并非旨在将本发明限制于这些实施例。
下面根据图2～6对本发明的具体实施例方式进行详细说明。
本发明的一种球面超声换能器成型装置，包括支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件。所述支撑部件用于支撑所述成型部件，所述压紧部件用于对所述成型部件施加压力以使所述压电陶瓷材料成型，所述支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件同轴设置。
如图2所示，上述支撑部件包括底座21和设置于所述底座21上的成型支撑部22。本实施例中，底座21与成型支撑部22是分体式的，为两个单独部件。在其他的实施例中，底座与成型支撑部可以为一体成形。
本实施例中，成型支撑部22为近似碗状，具有底圆柱以及自所述底圆柱的周缘向上延伸的锥形侧面。成型支撑部满足使用要求下，外形不限制。底座21上设置有与所述底圆柱配合的圆柱槽21a，以安装所述成型支撑 部22。本实施例中，底座21为方形或矩形，圆柱槽21a设置在底座的近似中央位置。
成型部件包括成型模具23和球体24。所述成型模具23由弹性材料制备而成，并具有与所述球体24匹配的凹球面23a。所述成型模具23的凹球面23a与所述球体24之间用于放置压电陶瓷材料(未图示)。
本发明中，成型模具23可以通过支撑部件的成型支撑部22和球体24来制备。具体地，在成型支撑部22中注入液体硅橡胶，然后将球体24放置于液体硅橡胶上并将球体24下压一定的深度，接着静置至少12小时，液体硅橡胶固化后，即可制成成型模具23。通过这种方式，成型模具23的凹球面23a与球体24的外形匹配适当，有利于成型球面超声换能器。另外，如此制备而成的成型模具23具有与成型支撑部22的内圆锥面配合的外圆锥面，可以使两者精确地同轴匹配。本实施例中，成型模具23使用硅橡胶材料制备，在其他实施例中，成型模具也可以使用其他弹性材料制备。
本发明中，球体24优选为金属球。例如优选不锈钢球体。金属球24的尺寸可以根据成型曲率而定，优选地，可以采用一系列尺寸的金属球制备不同曲率半径的球面超声换能器。
压紧部件包括同轴压板25、压紧螺杆26和压紧螺母27。所述压紧螺杆26固定连接于所述支撑部件的底座21上。优选地，压紧螺杆26的数量为2个，设置在方形或矩形底座的两个对角位置处。所述同轴压板25上相应地具有供所述压紧螺杆26通过的圆孔(圆柱通孔)，所述压紧螺母27用于与所述压紧螺杆26配合以压紧所述同轴压板25。通过旋转压紧螺母27，可以使得同轴压板25沿着压紧螺杆26向底座21移动，从而向球体24施加压力使其朝向底座21移动。
优选地，所述压紧部件还具有定位部件，所述定位部件包括固定连接于所述支撑部件的底座21上的定位导杆28以及设置于所述同轴压板25上可供所述定位导杆28穿过的定位孔(圆柱通孔)。具体地，定位导杆28 可以为圆柱形，数量为2个，设置在方形或矩形底座的另外两个对角位置处。导杆满足使用功能的情况下，不限制于圆柱杆以及数量。通过这种方式，同轴压板25可以稳定地沿着定位导杆28上下移动，而不会产生方向偏移、转动等问题，进一步提高各个部件之间同轴的精确度。
优选地，所述同轴压板25上还具有与所述球体24同轴的圆柱通孔25a。即，圆柱通孔25a的中心轴与球体24的中心轴位于同一垂直线上。这样，同轴压板25和球体24可以精确地同轴匹配。
下面参考图3～6对本发明的球面超声换能器成型装置的安装过程进行详细说明。
如图3所示，首先将压紧螺杆26和压板导杆28安装固定在底座21上，底座21上表面开有同轴圆柱槽21a，用于安装成型支撑部22。压板导杆28用于配合定位同轴压板25，使同轴压板25可以稳定地上下移动而不偏移或旋转，保证同轴压板25的圆柱通孔25a和底座圆柱槽21a同轴。压紧螺杆26和压紧螺母27配合，用于压紧同轴压板25。
然后，将成型支撑部22安装在底座21的圆柱槽21a上，如图4所示。成型支撑部22的底圆柱与底座21的圆柱槽21a配合，保证底座21与成型支撑部22的同轴度。同时，底座21用来承受成型支撑部22。
接着，将成型模具23安装在成型支撑部22上，成型模具23的外圆锥面与成型支撑的内圆锥面配合，如图5所示。成型模具23通过所使用的金属球24的大小和成型支撑部22制备得到，配套使用，通过成型支撑部22和金属球24制备成型模具23，可以保证三个部件的同轴度。成型模具23使用弹性材料制备，本发明实施例中使用硅橡胶制备。
最后，安装同轴压板，同轴压板的对角开四个圆柱通孔，两个通孔与压板导杆28小间隙配合，另外两个通孔与压板螺杆26间隙配合；并使用压紧螺母27与压紧螺杆26配合拧紧压板25使压板25向下移动。再在成型模具23和同轴压板25之间添加金属球24，如图6所示。金属球24用于将 事先放置在成型模具23上的压电陶瓷材料(未图示)压成球形，即使得压电陶瓷材料具有球面。具体地，将压电陶瓷材料压成球形的方法包括如下步骤：将压电陶瓷材料放置于成型模具上；将球体(金属球)24放置于所述压电陶瓷材料上；通过同轴压板25对所述球体24施加压力使所述球体24向下移动；通过所述球体24施加的向下的压力将所述压电陶瓷材料压成球形。这里，同轴压板25的中心开有圆柱通孔25a，其中心轴与金属球同轴，这样就保证了压板25、金属球24、成型模具23、成型支撑部22和底座21同轴，在将压电陶瓷压成球形的时候受力集中，容易成型，并且不易破碎。
综上，本发明提供的球面超声换能器成型装置，通过一系列尺寸不同的金属球与成型支撑部来制备一系列的成型模具部，保证了三个部件的一体性与同轴度。并且，可以制备不同曲率半径的球面超声换能器，通用性更广。
另外，本发明提供的球面超声换能器成型装置，通过保证底座、成型支撑部、成型模具、金属球和同轴压板的同轴度，来保证压力的集中，从而保证球面成型的压电陶瓷容易成型、不易破碎并且均匀一致性好。
以及，本发明提供的球面超声换能器成型装置，通过使用压板导杆定位同轴压板，以及使用压紧螺杆、压紧螺母来压紧同轴压板，从而实现各部件准确定位，受力平衡，并且整个成型装置操作简单方便。
尽管已经根据优选的实施方案对本发明进行了说明，但是存在落入本发明范围之内的改动、置换以及各种替代等同方案。还应当注意的是，存在多种实现本发明的方法和系统的可选方式。因此，意在将随附的权利要求书解释为包含落在本发明的主旨和范围之内的所有这些改动、置换以及各种替代等同方案。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，包括：支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件，其中，
    所述支撑部件用于支撑所述成型部件；
    所述成型部件包括成型模具和球体，所述成型模具由弹性材料制备而成，并具有与所述球体匹配的凹球面；所述成型模具的凹球面与所述球体之间用于放置压电陶瓷材料；
    所述压紧部件用于对所述成型部件施加压力以使所述压电陶瓷材料成型，
    所述支撑部件、成型部件以及压紧部件同轴设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述支撑部件包括底座和设置于所述底座上的成型支撑部。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述底座与所述成型支撑部为一体成形，或者为分体式的。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述成型支撑部为近似碗状，具有底圆柱以及自所述底圆柱的周缘向上延伸的锥形侧面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述底座与所述成型支撑部分体式形成的情况下，所述底座上设置有与所述底圆柱配合的圆柱槽，以安装所述成型支撑部。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述成型模具通过所述支撑部件和所述球体制备。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述成型模具具有与所述成型支撑部的内圆锥面配合的外圆锥面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述弹性材料包括硅橡胶。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述球体为金属球。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述压紧部件包括同轴压板、压紧螺杆和压紧螺母，所述压紧螺杆固定连接于所述支撑部件上，所述同轴压板上具有供所述压紧螺杆通过的圆孔，所述压紧螺母用于与所述压紧螺杆配合以压紧所述同轴压板。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述压紧部件还具有定位部件，所述定位部件包括固定连接于所述支撑部件上的定位导杆以及设置于所述同轴压板上可供所述定位导杆穿过的定位孔。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，所述同轴压板上具有与所述球体同轴的圆柱通孔。
  13. 一种成型模具的制备方法，所述成型模具用于权利要求1～12中任一项所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    在成型支撑部中注入液体硅橡胶；
    将球体放置于液体硅橡胶上并将球体下压一定的深度；以及
    静置至少12小时，待液体硅橡胶固化后，即可制成成型模具。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硅橡胶可以替换为其他弹性材料。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述球体为金属球。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属球为不锈钢球体。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属球的尺寸可以根据成型曲率而定。
  18. 一种将压电陶瓷材料压成球形的方法，其特征在于，该方法采用权利要求1～12中任一项所述的球面超声换能器成型装置，包括如下步骤：
    将压电陶瓷材料放置于成型模具上；
    将球体放置于所述压电陶瓷材料上；
    通过同轴压板对所述球体施加压力使所述球体向下移动；以及
    通过所述球体施加的向下的压力将所述压电陶瓷材料压成球形。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述球体为金属球。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属球为不锈钢球体。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金属球的尺寸可以根据成型曲率而定。
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