WO2019097553A1 - Système et procédé destiné à la fixation des montants d'une barrière dans le sol - Google Patents

Système et procédé destiné à la fixation des montants d'une barrière dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019097553A1
WO2019097553A1 PCT/IT2017/000255 IT2017000255W WO2019097553A1 WO 2019097553 A1 WO2019097553 A1 WO 2019097553A1 IT 2017000255 W IT2017000255 W IT 2017000255W WO 2019097553 A1 WO2019097553 A1 WO 2019097553A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ground
posts
casing
fixing
roadside
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2017/000255
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hannes NIEDERKOFLER
Original Assignee
STRA.TEC srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STRA.TEC srl filed Critical STRA.TEC srl
Priority to PCT/IT2017/000255 priority Critical patent/WO2019097553A1/fr
Publication of WO2019097553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019097553A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0476—Foundations

Definitions

  • the field of application of the present invention relates to the installation of roadside safety barriers (also referred to as“guardrail” in the following).
  • Said barriers are a very important element of any road, and they have a crucial function for the safety. In fact, in addition to delimiting the roadside edges visibly, they significantly reduce the danger of accidents involving vehicles’ out of road. This last safety function requires that the installed guardrail meet appropriate mechanical requisites.
  • the guardrail have to prevent that a vehicle exit from the road in order to avoid dangerous collisions with external elements or fall and, at the same time, it must dissipate, as much as possible, the kinetic energy of the vehicle, which should stop its run, possibly, nearby the edge of the road.
  • Guardrails according to known art could be theoretically installed in order to obtain homogeneous performances, even in the presence of different embankments (road ears), but it would require economically unenforceable costs (for example, building a concrete curb all along the road). Consequently, the real situation shows a large number of installations where the safety standards are not respected. Moreover, installation problems are not limited to the phase in which a new barrier is placed. In fact, the safety roadside barriers need some maintenance during their lifecycle and, obviously, in occasion of accidents (the guardrails are designed to be irreversibly deformed, to dissipate the kinetic energy of the vehicles that impact them).
  • one or more posts (i.e. the uprights elements) of the guardrails usually need to be substituted, and this operation normally poses some difficulties since the roadside barrier must be a single connected body in order to achieve the correct mechanical parameters.
  • the main object of the present invention is to indicate a fixing subsystem at the base of the guardrails, which allows to fix the posts of said guardrails on the ground in such a way which allows to obtain an homogeneous installation tightness in different types (or different conformations) of the ground itself, and able to ensure compliance with the certification conditions.
  • Another object of the present invention is to indicate a fixing subsystem at the base of the guardrails, which allows to fix the posts of said guardrails on the ground, which guarantees speed of installation and sustainable costs. It means that the elements of the subsystem must be usable with good generality, in order to achieve (with appropriate performance and with respect of all the safety standards) economies of scale able to cut down costs.
  • another object of the present invention is to indicate a fixing subsystem at the base of the guardrails, which allows to fix the posts of said guardrails on the ground and also allows an easy replacement of the posts themselves for maintenance reasons.
  • another object of the present invention is to indicate a fixing subsystem at the base of the guardrails, which allows to fix the posts of said guardrails on the ground and also allows to change the height of the guardrails related to the road surface, for example after refurbishment of the road pavement.
  • Another object of the present invention is to indicate a fixing subsystem at the base of the guardrails, which allows to fix the posts of said guardrails on the ground, which may be used to fix the most common types of guardrails typically used for making the roadside safety barriers on the roads. This last requisite is advisable since it allows to use the available technology which, as said, is mature, economically optimized, and able to guarantee (in certain conditions of installation) the required safety standards.
  • a subsystem for ground fixing of posts of roadside barriers i.e. the upright elements of a guardrail
  • the main advantage of the present invention is that a system for ground fixing of vertical posts of roadside barriers according to the teachings of the present invention meets the main purposes for which it was conceived.
  • Figures 1a and 1b show the main elements of a roadside safety barrier (guardrail);
  • FIG. 2 shows a guardrail according to the prior art, fixed as in a“crash test”
  • FIG. 3 shows a guardrail according to the prior art, fixed in a weak
  • Figure 4 shows a guardrail according to the prior art, fixed in roadside rocky ground
  • Figure 5 shows a guardrail according to the invention
  • ⁇ / Figure 6 shows a guardrail according to the invention fixed in roadside rocky ground
  • Figures 7a and 7b show a guardrail according to the invention fixed in a weak roadside embankment
  • Figure 8 shows a top view of a road in which the openings in upper face of the casings installed in the ground, according to the invention, are visible; s Figure 9 shows an example of some elements which can be used to fix the vertical posts to the casings according to the invention.
  • Figure 1a shows a typical roadside safety barrier (also referred to as a guardrail). Said barrier is seen from the inside of the road and, in general, is composed by few elements listed below:
  • the fixing system 100 is the object of the present invention, and it is shown as a black box, since it will be better analyzed in the following of the description.
  • the number 200 indicates the ground where the guardrail have to be fixed.
  • Figure 1b represents the same guardrail shown in Figure 1a, but it is shown in a section orthogonal to the direction of the road.
  • Figure 1 b allows to see also a spacer between the post 310 and the horizontal block out bar 330. Said spacer is indicated with the number 320, has the main function of keep connected the horizontal block out bar 330 with the posts 310, and it plays a significant role in determining the performances of the guardrail as a whole.
  • the fixing system between the post 310 and the ground 200 is very simple: the post 310 is simply planted in the ground, and the ground provides an excellent seal. It is the case when a post is planted in a concrete curb (or plate); this is a possible case also in the reality, but the reality offers many other cases too.
  • This kind of deformation (together with the whole deformations of the other elements of the guardrail) provides the right effect to absorb the kinetic energy of the impact and the vehicle stops.
  • the fixing system which consists in the simple planting of the posts 310 provides significant drawbacks.
  • the guardrail has to be repaired and, normally, some posts 310 have to be replaced. Said substitution is generally a long, difficult (i.e. expensive) operation.
  • Figure 3 shows a first real case of installation according to the prior art. It is the case in which the post 310 is planted in a roadside where the embankment is weak and cannot provide a firm fixing. It is the frequent case in which, for example, the embankment along the roadside is quite narrow.
  • Figure 3 highlights that, in such conditions of installation, the force 400, generated by a collision, normally produce a rotation of the post 310 which is not firmly fixed to the ground. Therefore, it doesn’t get deformed, or it get deformed just a little, and consequently it does not dissipate the necessary quantity of kinetic energy. In order to prevent such undesired behavior in case of impact, it would be necessary to use very long posts, or to make a reinforcement of the roadside; but both these measures are too expensive and few standardized, therefore they are not adopted in the real cases.
  • the post 310 presents a similar behavior (a rotation instead of a elasto- plastic deformation just above the ground level) also in the case shown in Figure 4.
  • the number 201 indicates a layer of the ground where the post 310 can be planted, while the number 202 indicates a harder layer of the ground (typically a rocky layer) where the post 310 cannot be planted (or it is difficult and expensive to plant it).
  • Figure 5 shows the innovative fixing system according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 is very similar to Figure 2, which is about the nominal behavior of the posts 310 of a guardrail (as happens during the“crash tests”). In fact, as an effect of the force 400, generated by an impact, the post 310 gets deformed in the right zone 101 , just above the ground 200.
  • the post 310 is not simply planted in the ground, but it is inserted in a casing, indicated with the number 110.
  • Said casing 110 is buried in the ground 200 and provides an opening, indicated with the number 120, in its upper and facing upwards. Then the bottom end of the post 310 can be inserted inside said casing 110 and fixed to this.
  • FIG 6 shows the fixing system 100 according to the invention, in a typical case where the fixing according to the known art poses significant problems; it is the case (also shown in Figure 4) in which the ground has a rocky layer near the surface.
  • the rocky layer is not a problem as it prevents to plant deeply enough the post 310 but, on the contrary, it can even be exploited to a better fixing of the casing 110.
  • the bottom of the casing is easily accessible from the top and it can be firmly fixed to the rocky layer (eventually dug a little) by means of ground anchors.
  • Figure 6 provides an example of this kind of installation and shows two ground anchors indicated with number 111 , which keep the casing 110 firmly fixed to the ground.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show another case in which the installation according to the known art, again, poses particular problems. It is the case (also shown in Figure 3) in which the roadside embankment is narrow or, in general, too weak to guarantee a firm fixing of the planted posts 310.
  • the barrier works in a different way than the certified version, because of the different way to bend in the elasto-plastic field.
  • Figure 7a shows a first solution which can be adopted, according to the present invention, in case of weak embankment.
  • the casing 110 remain the same; in fact, it may be conceived as an universal element usable in any kind of ground.
  • the installation of said casing 110 can be consolidated by means of an additional consolidating subsystem, indicated with the number 112.
  • the consolidating subsystem 112 indicated in Figure 7a foresees a long rod (in case of necessity there can be used two or more rods of this type) which can be planted vertically as deeply as it is necessary. Said rod is then connected to the casing 110 by means of suitable fixing brackets. The result is that the casing 110 can be kept sufficiently stable even in case of collision, and the deformation of the post 310, again, may happens as foreseen in the nominal behavior.
  • FIG. 7b A second solution, which can be adopted, according to the present invention, in case of weak embankment is shown in Figure 7b.
  • the consolidating subsystem shown in Figure 7b is indicated with the number 113.
  • It is a kind of tie rod, which can be planted slantwise in order to exploit the eventual presence of a more compact ground under the surface of the road (more internally with respect to the embankment).
  • this solution allows to use the same casing 110, which can be installed in a weak embankment, but kept sufficiently stable even in case of collision.
  • Figures 6, 7a and 7b demonstrate that the casing 110 is a versatile element that can be installed in any kind of ground, and it can be kept sufficiently stable in order to bear the eventual collisions which a safety roadside barrier is subjected to.
  • the advantages of the present invention are many: they range from the safety aspects, since the solution makes possible installations able to guarantee the safety standards, up to economic aspects, both in the installation phase and in maintenance phase.
  • Said casing 110 may be done of metals, or metallic alloys, resistant to oxidation: such as aluminum, inox, steel zinc coated etc.; or of synthetic materials such as composite, polymeric, plastic, etc..
  • the coupling between the posts 310 and the casings 110 can be
  • Figure 8 shows a top view of a stretch of road, indicated with the number 210, where there are highlighted, installed along one of the two road edges, three casings. Said three casings are shown by a top view, and just their upper face is visible, which, as already said, is made up by an opening, and is still indicated with the number 120.
  • One said upper faces of said casings, depicted in the bottom part of Figure 8 inside a dashed circle, is expanded in order to appreciate some characterizing details.
  • the enlarged view puts on evidence two zones.
  • the darker zone, indicated with the number 120, represents the material that fills the most of the space inside the casing 110, and a white silhouette that indicates some slots referred to by the number 121.
  • Said slots 121 are obtained on the filling material 120 in order to accommodate the profile, seen in horizontal section, of the posts 310.
  • the silhouette shown in the figure is approximate in shape.
  • the scope of the drawing is that of putting on evidence that it is possible to design a silhouette able to accommodate a plurality of profiles: so as to accommodate all the most common profiles of the posts 310.
  • such filling element is very easy and cheap to be produced using extrusion and pultrusion techniques; this element may be standardized, it is usable for almost all the cases, and it can be produced in very large quantities.
  • Figure 9 shows a very simple technique, which guarantee a very
  • Figure 9 the dimensions and the proportions of the various parts of the fixing subsystem 100 are deliberately distorted since the scope is purely that of showing how the posts 310 can be kept firmly in place even in presence of mechanical gaps (whose dimension is unrealistically exaggerated in the figure) after their insertion inside the casing 110.
  • the view of Figure 9 is a vertical section orthogonal to the direction of the road. It depicts a detail of the fixing system 100 according to the invention.
  • the number 110 shows a detail of the casing, while the number 310 shows a part of the bottom of the post of a guardrail.
  • Figure 9 puts on evidence the presence of a mechanical gap between the post 310 and the casing 110, and said gap is indicated with the number 132.
  • Said gap 132 can be completely filled by a simple wedge element, indicated with the number 130, and said wedge element 130 can be in turn fixed by means of a simple screw accessible from the top, which is indicated with the number 131.
  • the coupling technique described with the help of Figures 8 and 9 is just an example of coupling technique among many possibilities. Nevertheless, it is quite convenient and it allows to define a methodology too for the installation and maintenance of a roadside safety barrier.
  • the fixing subsystem at the base of the guardrails according to the teachings of the present invention, has been conceived having in mind a methodology for the easy and quick installation of the safety roadside barriers.
  • Said methodology comprises at least the following essential steps.
  • a plurality of casings 110 are buried along the edge of the road where a safety roadside barrier has to be installed, and the upper face of said casings 110 remains accessible at the level of the ground.
  • Each post 310 i.e. the vertical upright element of the safety roadside
  • each of these casings 110 is inserted in each of these casings 110: the insertion of said posts 310 takes place from the top, and it is extremely simple since the casings 110 have an opening in their upper face that fits with the shape of the profile of said posts 310. • Each post 310, inserted in a casing 110, is firmly fastened to the corresponding casing 110, and the mechanical gaps are compensated, in order to clamp the post 310 in the correct position.
  • the installation process can be performed with speed (each action can be implemented quickly), and using standard materials which can be produced in series at a low costs.
  • the methodological advantages, made possible by the use of the fixing system 100 according to the invention are not limited to the installation phase: in fact, also the maintenance activities take great advantage from the invention.
  • the fixing system 100 makes it possible to disassemble a post 310 and reassemble a new post (or the same post, but positioned at a different height). And such activity can be performed with great efficiency following the method outlined below, which includes the following steps: • removing the elements 130 that keep the post 310 clamped in the correct position;
  • both the fixing system 100 for a roadside security barrier and the method thereof, according to the invention lend themselves to numerous variants of implementation. They may depend not only on technology aspects regarding the individual parts, such as the additional coupling elements and consolidation subsystems, but also on the materials which can be used to build any single part of the system.
  • any variant implementation of a system for fixing at the base (in ground or in concrete) the posts of roadside barriers comprising a casing made of corrosion resistant material, suitable to be grounded, and able to house the basement of a upright of a road-side barrier, has to be considered a different implementation of the same invention without thereby affecting or altering the principles or the inventive nature that inspired it.
  • the invention itself may be implemented in a partial manner, either it may be enriched with additional accessory elements, or the methodology may include further steps that increase its efficiency.
  • the system 100 can evolve towards greater emphasis of the automatization of the guardrail installation; and the installation/maintenance procedures may become highly automated processes.
  • the disclosed invention lends itself to incorporating and supporting further evolutionary efforts able to enhance the performance of the described systems and methodology. Such developments, when not covered in this description, may be described in further patent applications associated with the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne l'installation de barrières de sécurité routière (également appelées "glissières de sécurité" ci-après). Lesdites barrières constituent un élément très important de toute route, et elles présentent une fonction cruciale pour la sécurité. En effet, en plus de délimiter visiblement les bords de la route, elles réduisent considérablement le risque d'accidents impliquant des sorties de route de véhicules. Cette dernière fonction de sécurité implique que la glissière de sécurité installée reçoive une certification afin de garantir des exigences mécaniques appropriées. Cependant, les conditions d'installation réelles dépendent des différents types de sol et, dans de nombreux cas, les normes de sécurité ne sont pas satisfaites en raison de l'installation. Le sous-système pour la fixation des glissières de sécurité au niveau de la base selon l'invention permet de fixer les montants desdites glissières de sécurité au sol de manière à permettre d'obtenir une étanchéité d'installation homogène dans différents types (ou différentes structures) du sol lui-même, et il est capable d'assurer la conformité avec les conditions de certification. De plus, un tel sous-système de fixation au niveau de la base des glissières de sécurité permet de fixer les montants desdites glissières de sécurité au sol tout en présentant une vitesse d'installation et des coûts durables. Ces objectifs sont atteints au moyen d'un sous-système de fixation au sol de montants de barrières de bord de route (c'est-à-dire les éléments verticaux d'une glissière de sécurité) comprenant un boîtier composé d'un matériau résistant à la corrosion (aluminium, inox, acier revêtu de zinc, matériaux composites, polymère, plastique etc.) approprié pour être fixé au sol. Et ledit boîtier, lorsqu'il est enterré (c'est-à-dire installé dans le sol) maintient une ouverture dans sa face supérieure, de manière à être également approprié pour accueillir la partie souterraine d'un montant d'une barrière côté route, qui est insérée à l'intérieur dudit boîtier à travers ladite ouverture qui est formée de manière à être adaptée à l'étendue.
PCT/IT2017/000255 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 Système et procédé destiné à la fixation des montants d'une barrière dans le sol WO2019097553A1 (fr)

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PCT/IT2017/000255 WO2019097553A1 (fr) 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 Système et procédé destiné à la fixation des montants d'une barrière dans le sol

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PCT/IT2017/000255 WO2019097553A1 (fr) 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 Système et procédé destiné à la fixation des montants d'une barrière dans le sol

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1658118A (en) * 1925-01-23 1928-02-07 James M Doddridge Guard rail for highways
CH535331A (it) * 1972-03-08 1973-03-31 Warthmann Roberto Fondazione elastica per montanti di barriere autostradali per proteggere i cordoli dei ponti e ammortizzare l'urto degli autoveicoli
DE2924432A1 (de) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-24 Tischhauser Ag Hans Einrichtung zur verankerung eines stehers als traeger fuer leitschienen, gelaender, verkehrszeichen u.dgl.
US4819916A (en) * 1988-01-27 1989-04-11 Wun Chung Kwou System of replaceable road railing
GB2251881A (en) * 1991-01-17 1992-07-22 Rahnfong Lee Guard rail assembly for roads
EP1541768A1 (fr) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-15 Co-Metronic B.V. Arrangement de anti battre comprendre un pieu de anti battre

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1658118A (en) * 1925-01-23 1928-02-07 James M Doddridge Guard rail for highways
CH535331A (it) * 1972-03-08 1973-03-31 Warthmann Roberto Fondazione elastica per montanti di barriere autostradali per proteggere i cordoli dei ponti e ammortizzare l'urto degli autoveicoli
DE2924432A1 (de) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-24 Tischhauser Ag Hans Einrichtung zur verankerung eines stehers als traeger fuer leitschienen, gelaender, verkehrszeichen u.dgl.
US4819916A (en) * 1988-01-27 1989-04-11 Wun Chung Kwou System of replaceable road railing
GB2251881A (en) * 1991-01-17 1992-07-22 Rahnfong Lee Guard rail assembly for roads
EP1541768A1 (fr) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-15 Co-Metronic B.V. Arrangement de anti battre comprendre un pieu de anti battre

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