WO2019096737A1 - Unité de bobines pour un système de charge inductif - Google Patents

Unité de bobines pour un système de charge inductif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019096737A1
WO2019096737A1 PCT/EP2018/080930 EP2018080930W WO2019096737A1 WO 2019096737 A1 WO2019096737 A1 WO 2019096737A1 EP 2018080930 W EP2018080930 W EP 2018080930W WO 2019096737 A1 WO2019096737 A1 WO 2019096737A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
screen
winding
unit
coil unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/080930
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Krammer
Florian Niedermeier
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2019096737A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019096737A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/288—Shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coil unit, in particular a primary unit and / or a secondary unit, for an inductive charging system.
  • Electric vehicles typically have a battery (i.e., an electrical energy store) in which electrical energy can be stored to operate an electric drive machine of the vehicle.
  • the battery of the vehicle can be powered by electrical energy
  • Power supply network to be charged the battery is coupled to the power supply network to the electrical energy from the
  • Power supply network to be transferred to the battery of the vehicle.
  • the coupling can be wired (via a charging cable) and / or wireless (based on an inductive coupling between a charging station and the vehicle).
  • Fig. 1 shows a vehicle 100 with an energy storage 103 for electrical
  • the vehicle 100 includes a secondary coil 121 in the underbody of the vehicle, the secondary coil 121 being connected to the electrical energy storage 103 via a rectifier.
  • the rectifier is part of a secondary electronics 123.
  • the secondary coil 121 and the secondary electronics 123 are typically over at least one
  • the (Alternating current) line 122 electrically conductively connected to each other and together form a so-called “Wireless Power Transfer” (WPT) vehicle unit 120 and secondary unit 120.
  • the secondary coil 121 of the secondary unit 120 can be positioned above a primary coil 111, the primary coil 111 being mounted, for example, on the floor of a garage.
  • the primary coil 111 is typically part of a so-called WPT bottom unit 110 or primary unit 110.
  • the primary coil 111 is connected via an (AC) line 112 with a primary electronics 113 and further with a
  • the primary electronics 113 may include a radio-frequency generator that generates an AC (Altemating Current) current in the primary coil 111 of the WPT bottom unit 110, thereby inducing a magnetic field (particularly, a magnetic charging field).
  • the magnetic charging field may have a frequency from a predefined charging field frequency range.
  • the charging field frequency of the electromagnetic charging field can be in the range of 80-90 kHz (in particular at 85 kHz).
  • Primary unit 110 and secondary coil 121 of the secondary unit 120 i.e., at a sufficiently high coupling factor
  • Rectifier of the secondary electronics 123 rectified and in the energy storage
  • Charging can be done in the vehicle 100 by a charging controller of the
  • the charging controller may be configured for this purpose, e.g. wirelessly (for example via WLAN) to communicate with the primary unit 110.
  • the coil 111, 121 of a coil unit 110, 120 in particular one
  • Primary unit 110 or secondary unit 120 is typically exposed to relatively high magnetic flux densities. As a result of this will be
  • a coil 111, 121 typically for a coil 111, 121 strands with relatively thin individual wires used, which leads to relatively high costs. Furthermore, electromagnetic fields are generated by a coil 111, 121, which can affect other components of a vehicle 100. Furthermore, defects on a coil 111, 121 typically can not be reliably detected.
  • the present document addresses the technical problem of providing a cost effective coil unit for an inductive charging system which has a reduced effect on adjacent (electrical and / or electronic) components and / or which allows reliable detection of defects.
  • independent claim dependent patent claim without the features of the independent claim or only in combination with a subset of the features of the independent claim may form an independent and independent of the combination of all features of the independent claim invention, the subject of an independent claim, a T eilungsanmeldung or a N achanmeldung can be made.
  • a coil unit e.g., a primary unit or a secondary unit
  • the inductive charging system can be configured to charge the energy store of an at least partially electrically driven vehicle, in particular one
  • the coil unit comprises a coil winding which is arranged in
  • the coil winding comprises at least one conductor which extends in a winding direction about a coil axis of the coil winding.
  • the coil winding may e.g. forming a circular coil or a double D coil.
  • the coil axis may extend along a transmission path of energy transfer from the primary coil to the secondary coil of an inductive charging system.
  • the at least one conductor e.g., a strand of a plurality of individual wires
  • the coil unit includes an electrically conductive shield (e.g., a metal shield) that at least partially encloses the coil winding.
  • the screen can almost completely wind the coil
  • the screen can be arranged on the front side of the coil winding (the front side facing the transmission path of the inductive charging system). Furthermore, the screen may be disposed on the backside of the coil winding (with the backside of the
  • the screen can extend laterally between the front and the back, both on the inside and on the outside of the coil winding. As a result, the screen can form a shell around the coil winding.
  • the screen is designed to be a current and / or a
  • the screen can be designed such that the sum current in the screen, which completely circumscribes the coil axis along the winding direction, is zero. Nevertheless, currents in the winding direction can occur in different areas of the screen. However, these currents in the different areas cancel each other out on.
  • the screen is designed such that no current can flow completely through the screen around the coil axis (and thus the screen itself would form a coil winding).
  • the screen may comprise at least one electrically insulating break or separation point which interrupts the screen transversely to the winding direction.
  • the at least one interruption can be formed in each case by a gap, for example, which separates the screen along a surface or plane which extends, for example, perpendicular to the winding direction.
  • a screen may be constructed of a plurality of electrically conductive wires (eg, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, or more wires) that are each perpendicular to the winding direction and that are each electrically insulated from each other.
  • the wires can completely circulate the coil winding perpendicular to the winding direction.
  • a purely electrical shielding can be provided, since no (significant) shielding currents are induced by the magnetic field in a screen composed of wires extending perpendicular to the winding direction.
  • Flux density of the magnetic field can be reduced at the head of the coil winding, without the magnetic field at the other coil unit of the inductive
  • the requirements for the conductors used for the coil winding can be reduced.
  • individual wires with larger diameters may possibly be used.
  • the cost of a coil unit can be reduced.
  • the screen can be used for shielding electric fields, thus reducing requirements for EMC filters of the coil unit.
  • the use of a screen enables detection of a coil winding defect.
  • the shield typically has a first end on a first side of the break and a second end on a second side of the break. The two ends can be spatially separated by a gap.
  • the gap may be 2%, 1% or less of the range of the coil winding width.
  • the interruption may be such that power does not go directly over the
  • Interruption between the first end and the second end can flow.
  • the interruption may be such that current flowing on the first side of the interruption to the first end reverses its direction of flow at the first end and flows away again on the first side of the interruption from the first end.
  • a reversal of the flow direction of the flow within the screen can also take place at the second end. It can thus reliably avoid the coil axis circulating current.
  • the current flowing to the first end may be reversed in a reverse region at the first end into a current flowing away from the first end.
  • the coil winding may have a certain circumference, the range of circumference being e.g. the (possibly middle) length of the conductor corresponds to one turn of the coil winding.
  • the reverse area at one end of the screen may extend over 5% or less of the circumference of the scope.
  • the reverse region may comprise a plurality of electrically isolated reversing conductors in which the current flows from one to the first end
  • Flow direction is deflected in a direction away from the first end flow direction.
  • the reversing conductors can, for example, be punched out of the surface or out of the sheet metal of the screen.
  • a reversing conductor may comprise an input into which current flowing to the first end flows into the reversing conductor.
  • Reversing conductors include an output from which from the first end
  • a reversing conductor can then change its direction of extension between the input and the output by more than 90 ° (in particular by approximately 180 °). For example, a
  • the reversing conductors can be arranged next to one another, with two directly adjacent reversing conductors being electrically insulated from each other by an insulating region.
  • the plurality of Umloseleitem comprise an inner reversing conductor, which has the shortest length compared to the (in particular compared to all) other Umlopeleitem.
  • the plurality of reversing conductors may comprise an outer reversing conductor which has the longest length compared to the other reversing conductors (in particular in comparison to all).
  • first end of the screen and the second end of the screen may each comprise a reversal region in which the direction of flow of the stream reverses.
  • Reverse region of the second end lie on one another and by a
  • Isolation layer be electrically isolated from each other.
  • the reverse end of the first end and the reverse end of the second end such that the currents in the reverse regions on both sides of the Isolationsverschiebt have the same flow direction.
  • superposed reversal areas may extend along the coil axis or the mutually adjacent reversal areas may be bent, so that the mutually adjacent reversal areas extend at least partially parallel to the coil winding.
  • the shield may be grounded and / or grounded, in particular to facilitate or enhance electrical shielding and / or fault diagnosis.
  • the shield may include a plurality of shield layers that are electrically isolated from each other.
  • the screen layers can be substantially parallel to the front, the inside, the back and / or the outside of the
  • the magnetic field without a shield can be a magnetic field line with a
  • the screen may have a screen extending transversely to the winding direction, which extends at least partially around the coil winding.
  • the screen course represents a cross section of the screen transversely to the winding direction.
  • the screen course can have a smaller curvature above the coil winding or on the front side of the coil winding than the field profile.
  • the magnetic field without a shield can have a first maximum flux density in the immediate vicinity of the coil winding (in particular at the coil winding end) and at a certain distance from the coil winding (eg at the other coil unit of the inductive charging system), a second middle
  • the shield may be configured such that the magnetic field in the immediate vicinity of the coil winding has a reduced maximum flux density compared to the first maximum flux density, and in that the magnetic field has an average flux density at the determined distance that substantially corresponds to the second average flux density.
  • Provision of such a screen can in the context of a simulation one or more parameters of the screen (in particular a form or a
  • the coil unit may comprise electronics (e.g., an inverter or a rectifier) arranged to control the coil current for the inverter
  • electronics e.g., an inverter or a rectifier
  • Coil winding to provide (for example by means of an inverter) or rectify the coil current from the coil winding (for example by means of a
  • the electronics may include a shield electrically coupled to the shield.
  • a reliable electrical shielding of the entire coil unit can be effected.
  • the coil unit may include an isolation monitor configured to provide information regarding a contact resistance between the device
  • Transient resistance can then be reliably detected a defect of the coil winding (for example due to mechanical action).
  • the coil unit may comprise a spool core which is on one side
  • the screen can then have a different shape on the side facing the coil core side of the coil winding (ie on the back of the coil winding) than on the side facing away from the coil core of the coil winding (ie on the front side the coil winding).
  • an adaptation to the course of the field lines of the magnetic field can take place on the two sides of the coil winding.
  • the maximum magnetic flux density at the head of the coil winding can be further reduced.
  • an inductive charging system for charging an energy store.
  • the charging system includes a primary unit having a primary coil configured to generate a magnetic field for transmitting energy.
  • the charging system comprises a secondary unit with a secondary coil, which is set up in dependence on the
  • the primary unit and / or secondary unit may be used according to the method described in this
  • Document described coil unit be constructed.
  • a loading device is described
  • a road vehicle (particularly a passenger car or a truck or a bus) is described that includes the secondary unit described in this document.
  • Figure 1 exemplary components of an inductive charging system for charging the energy storage of a vehicle
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c show exemplary coils for an inductive charging system
  • FIG. 3 a shows exemplary field lines in the case of a coil winding without a screen
  • FIG. 3b shows exemplary field lines in the case of a coil winding with a screen
  • Figure 3c illustrates an exemplary magnetic field caused by the eddy currents of a screen
  • Figure 4a shows an exemplary screen in a plan view (of the
  • Figure 4b shows exemplary currents in the screen of a coil winding
  • FIG. 4c shows an exemplary reversal region of the screen of a coil winding
  • Figure 4d shows exemplary reverse regions of a screen
  • FIG. 5a shows an exemplary shield of a coil unit
  • FIG. 5b shows an exemplary device for detecting a coil defect
  • FIG. 2 a shows an exemplary primary coil 111 and an exemplary secondary coil 121, which each have a coil core 200, in particular a ferrite.
  • Spool cores 200 are each formed flat to the smallest possible
  • Extension of the primary unit 110 and the secondary unit 120 in the z-direction i.e., along the underfloor space 130 and along the magnetic
  • the primary coil 111 causes a magnetic field 250 (also referred to as charging field in this document), which causes a current for charging an energy store 103 in the secondary coil 121.
  • Fig. 2b shows a coil winding 210 (eg, the primary coil 111 or the secondary coil 121) in a side view.
  • the spool core 200 is typically arranged with respect to the transmission path of the inductive charging system on the back of the coil winding 210.
  • the coil winding 210 typically includes a plurality of turns of an electrically conductive conductor 211. In this case, the conductor 211 may be formed as a strand with a plurality of insulated individual wires.
  • the coil 111, 121 can be covered for underfloor clearance 130 and the transmission path out with a cover 220 from.
  • Fig. 2c shows a plan view of the coil winding 210 and the
  • Spool core 200 from the direction of the transmission path.
  • fuses 211 typically RF (radio frequency) fins having relatively small, mutually insulated individual wires are used to reduce the displacement effects, such as the skin effect. the internal proximity effect and the external proximity effect in combination.
  • RF radio frequency
  • single wires with diameters in the range of 0.05 to 0.1 mm are typically used. These diameters are significantly lower than would be required due to the skin effect with a penetration depth> 0.2 mm (for copper). If only the skin effect caused by the alternating current had to be considered, wire diameters of> 0.4 mm would be possible for the insulated individual wires.
  • the coils 111, 121 of an inductive filament system typically can not be shielded and therefore act as an "emission element" for electromagnetic fields.
  • no electrical fields can be attenuated via the electrically conductive shielding on the coils 111, 121. Therefore, expensive EMC filters in the electronics 113, 123 of a coil unit 110, 120 are typically used to disturb frequencies
  • Possible sources of interference frequencies are the electronic circuits in the electronics 113, 123 of a coil unit 110, 120 and / or other disturbances, which are coupled via the supply lines to the electronics 113, 123 in the inductive charging system.
  • a defect can typically not be detected on a coil 111, 121, in particular on a coil winding 210, in particular since no insulation damage to a (grounded) housing can be detected.
  • FIG. 3a shows an exemplary profile of the field lines 350 of a magnetic field 250 around the conductor 211 of a coil winding 210.
  • the field lines 350 cross the different turns of the conductor 211.
  • FIG. 3b shows an exemplary, interrupted screen 300, which surrounds the coil winding 210.
  • the shield 300 may almost completely enclose the coil winding 210.
  • the screen 300 may form a nearly closed envelope around the coil winding 210.
  • the screen 300 has an interruption 301 at at least one location, so that a flow of current within the screen 300 in the winding direction 331 is prevented.
  • the winding direction 331 extends around the coil axis 332 of
  • a screen 300 allows a magnetic field 250 to still exist outside the screen 300, but the field lines 350 of the magnetic field 250 in the immediate vicinity of the screen 300 (both inside and outside the screen 300) parallel to the surface of the screen Umbrella 300 run.
  • the field lines 350 of the magnetic field 250 may not cause the fan 211 to cross.
  • the maximums of the magnetic flux density can be reduced so that the cost of the fins 21 1 can be reduced.
  • FIG. 3c illustrates the (vortex) streams 311, 312 effected in the screen 300.
  • the currents 311, 312 flow in different directions at different locations of the screen 300.
  • the reversal of the flow direction of the flow 311, 312 is effected by the interruption 301 of the screen 300.
  • a compensating magnetic field 351 is effected, which overlaps with the magnetic field 250 of the coil winding 210, so that an effective magnetic field with the field lines 350 shown in Fig. 3b results.
  • FIG. 4a shows a coil winding 210 with a screen 300.
  • the screen 300 encloses the coil winding 210 almost completely. In this case, however, the screen 300 has an interruption 301 at at least one point, through which a current flow along the winding direction 331 is interrupted.
  • Interrupt 301 to flow to the second side of the interruption 302.
  • the electrical interruption 301 thus prevents a closed flyback loop along the winding direction 311.
  • a reversal of the flow direction of the flow 311, 312 takes place.
  • Fig. 4b illustrates the "unfolded” or "unwound” screen 300 with the interruption 301.
  • the screen 300 encloses both the front and the back of the coil winding 210.
  • the screen 300 thus has a front side 302 and a back side 303 shown side by side in FIG. 4b (the areas of the inside and outside shields 300 of the coil winding 210 were respectively proportionally assigned to the front side 302 and the back side 303 of the screen 300).
  • Front side 302 of the screen 300 as shown in Fig. 3c, two segments 321, 322 on.
  • the back side 303 of the screen likewise points in the same way
  • each segment 321, 322, 323, 324 there is a current flow in the first flow direction (represented by a dot in FIG. 3 c) and in the opposite second flow direction (represented by a cross in FIG. 3 c).
  • the reversal of the flow direction of the flow 311, 312 within a segment 321, 322, 323, 324 takes place in each case at the interruption
  • 4c shows a reversal area 304 of the backside 303 of a screen 300.
  • the end 307 of the screen 300 before the interruption 301 is divided into individual reversing conductors 305 which guide the stream 312, 311 in the reversal of the flow direction.
  • the reversing conductors 305 are interleaved such that an inner first reversing conductor 305 is surrounded by a longer second reversing conductor 305, which in turn is bypassing a longer third inverting conductor 305, etc., until an outer reversing conductor 305 surrounds all other reversing conductors 305.
  • the outer reversing conductor 305 adjoins the interruption 301.
  • the distance to the interruption 301 increases continuously from the outer reversing conductor 305 to the inner one first reversing conductor 305.
  • both the rear side 303 and the front side 302 each have two such arrangements of reversing conductors 305.
  • a result of such an arrangement of the reversing conductors 305 is a
  • the two ends 307 of the screen 300 at the interruption 301 can, as shown in FIG. 4d, lie on one another and be insulated from one another by an insulating layer 308.
  • the two ends 307 can be perpendicular to the coil winding 210 parallel to the coil axis 332 (as shown on the left side of Fig. 4d).
  • the overlying, electrically isolated ends 307 may be bent toward the coil winding 210 to reduce the footprint of the shield 300 at the break 301 (as shown on the right side of FIG. 4d).
  • punches can thus be made at the point of separation or the interruption 301, so that individual reversing conductors or reverse wires 305 are formed, which lead the different "current paths" to the corresponding return current path.
  • the reversing conductors 305 can be bent up so that the reversing conductors 305 of the two ends 307 of the shield 300 can be electrically isolated from each other at the interruption 301.
  • the screen 300 can thus be pushed together with an insulating layer 308.
  • Reverse conductors 305 of the two ends 307 then lie directly, electrically insulated against one another, when the reversing conductors 305 of the two ends 307 are produced (in particular punched), each with mirrored symmetry. Since the current flows in opposite reverse conductors 305 of the two ends 307 of the screen 300 at the break 301 are opposite and equal, the symmetrical current flow is assisted and the associated magnetic fields compensate each other locally.
  • the reversing conductors 305 upstanding from the shield 300 may be bent over one or in pairs on different sides to maintain a flat configuration of the coil winding 210.
  • the coil winding 210 of a primary coil 111 and / or a secondary coil 121 can thus be wrapped with a suitably designed, electrically conductive (in particular metallic) screen 300, this screen 300 being interrupted along the winding direction 331 at at least one point and thus not along a closed turn the winding direction 331 of the coil winding 210 forms.
  • the screen 300 can be designed such that a reduced and homogeneous magnetic field 250 results in the region of the coil winding 210.
  • the screen 300 can be designed such that in the screen 300, the smallest possible current densities occur, which are distributed over a large area in order to reduce ohmic losses.
  • the shape and / or the thickness of the screen 300 and / or the distance of the screen 300 to the coil winding 210 can be adjusted so that the lowest possible current densities and thus losses in the screen 300 occur. This can e.g. be achieved by using the largest possible radii. Furthermore, this can be achieved in that the screen 300 runs as parallel as possible to the original field profile of the field lines 350.
  • the screen 300 may be grounded at at least one location so that the screen 300 may be used as a shield against the emission of electric fields.
  • 5a shows a grounded screen 300.
  • Fig. 5a shows a shield 502 for the electronics 113, 123 of a coil unit (for example, a primary unit 110 or a secondary unit 120) as well as a
  • Shielding of a coil unit 110, 120 are provided.
  • a screen 300 can have a plurality of screen planes or screen layers, which are electrically insulated from one another. Each of the shield layers can enclose the coil winding 210.
  • a screen 300 may thus be constructed of a plurality of isolated layers in order to reduce the ohmic screen losses.
  • a screen 300 having a relatively small overall thickness can be used to reduce screen losses.
  • the thickness of the screen 300 may be 1%, 0.5% or less of the circumference of the coil winding 210.
  • Winding direction 331) can be designed such that the "current reversal" is supported.
  • the ends 307 of the screen 300 at the break 301 may be subdivided into individual reversing conductors 305 to effect a reversal of the flow direction of the stream 311, 312 at the break 301.
  • the ideal current flow in the screen 301 can thus be affected only insignificantly by the separation point or the interruption 301.
  • an isolation monitor 510 between the coil winding 210 and the surrounding screen 300 may be used to detect damage to the insulation of the coil winding 210.
  • an insulation monitor 510 can measure the resistance between a coil 111, 121 and ground (eg via series resistors 511). One caused by a defect electrically conductive contact between the coil 111, 121 and the (grounded) screen 300 can then be detected by the isolation monitor 510.
  • Isolation error can be detected.
  • a coil 111, 121 typically has a coil core 200 on one side of the coil winding 210.
  • the shape of the screen 300 may be optimized with respect to the unidirectional spool core 200.
  • the bend radius of the screen 300 may be reduced at locations with relatively high current densities.
  • the shape of the one or more outer screen layers can be adapted.
  • the maximum magnetic flux density, in particular at the edge of a coil winding 210 can be reduced. This reduces the proximity effect in these areas of the coil winding 210. As a consequence, a larger cross section of the individual wires or wires in the strand 211 of the coil winding 210 can be used with unchanged losses. Furthermore, the distribution of the individual wires of a strand 211 can be simplified, since the described measures of the field profile of the field lines 350 in the region of the coil winding 210 has a higher uniformity. Alternatively, with the same cross section of the individual wires, the losses of a coil unit 110, 120 can be reduced. It can thus be an optimization in terms of cost and
  • this screen 300 can be used to suppress electric fields. This is particularly advantageous for damping disturbances of the inductive charging system by other consumers (eg by the drive electronics of a vehicle 100). The interference of other consumers can pass through the secondary electronics 123 through the
  • Imprint secondary coil 121 This can also be done with an inactive inductive charging system while driving a vehicle 100.
  • the described sheathing of the secondary coil 121 can then take other measures, e.g. EMC filters and / or defeat devices replaced or at least reduced.
  • EMC filters and / or defeat devices replaced or at least reduced.
  • the emission of high frequency electrical noise fields e.g. be generated by the rectifier electronics of the secondary unit 120.
  • the impedance of the wrapped coil 111, 121 is reduced.
  • the screen 300 may be formed such that the magnetic flux is reduced in the immediate vicinity of the coil winding 210, but remains substantially unchanged at a further distance (in particular at the respective other coil 111, 121). This has the positive effect that the inductance of the considered coil 111, 121 is reduced more than the coupled inductance (coupling factor).
  • a given power can be transmitted with a reduced primary coil current. This leads to reduced reactive power and thus to reduced demands on the electronics 113, 123 and to the coils 111, 121 of a coil unit 110, 120.
  • the described measures make it possible to detect damage to a coil 111, 121 in an efficient and reliable manner, since damaging the coil 111, 121 with high probability via the screen 300 causes damage to the insulation resistance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité de bobines (110, 120) pour un système de charge inductif. L'unité de bobines (110, 120) comprend un enroulement de bobine (210), qui est configuré pour générer un champ magnétique (250) en fonction d'un courant de bobine, ou qui est configuré pour générer un courant de bobine en fonction d'un champ magnétique (250). L'enroulement de bobine (210) comprend un conducteur (211) qui s'étend dans une direction d'enroulement (331) autour d'un axe de bobine (332) de l'enroulement de bobine (210). L'unité de bobines (110, 120) comprend en outre un écran électro-conducteur (300) qui enferme au moins partiellement l'enroulement de bobine (210). L'écran (300) est conçu pour éviter un courant (311, 312) à l'intérieur de l'écran (300) qui entoure l'axe de bobine (332) le long de la direction d'enroulement (331).
PCT/EP2018/080930 2017-11-14 2018-11-12 Unité de bobines pour un système de charge inductif WO2019096737A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017220201.7 2017-11-14
DE102017220201.7A DE102017220201A1 (de) 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 Spuleneinheit für ein induktives Ladesystem

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WO2019096737A1 true WO2019096737A1 (fr) 2019-05-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022262455A1 (fr) * 2021-06-18 2022-12-22 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Structure d'antenne, composant électronique et dispositif électronique

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WO2013061615A1 (fr) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-02 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de transmission d'énergie sans contact et dispositif d'alimentation en énergie ainsi que dispositif de réception d'énergie utilisés dans celui-ci
WO2014147985A1 (fr) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-25 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de charge sans contact
WO2014206661A1 (fr) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de charge par induction, véhicule électrique, station de charge et procédé de charge par induction
US20160315383A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2016-10-27 Mitsubishi Electric Engineering Company, Limited Resonant type power transmission antenna device

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WO2011074091A1 (fr) * 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Blindage et véhicule équipé d'un tel blindage
EP2711945A4 (fr) * 2011-05-19 2014-11-05 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Dispositif de réception de puissance, dispositif de transmission de puissance et système de transfert de puissance

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013061615A1 (fr) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-02 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de transmission d'énergie sans contact et dispositif d'alimentation en énergie ainsi que dispositif de réception d'énergie utilisés dans celui-ci
WO2014147985A1 (fr) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-25 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de charge sans contact
WO2014206661A1 (fr) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de charge par induction, véhicule électrique, station de charge et procédé de charge par induction
US20160315383A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2016-10-27 Mitsubishi Electric Engineering Company, Limited Resonant type power transmission antenna device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022262455A1 (fr) * 2021-06-18 2022-12-22 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Structure d'antenne, composant électronique et dispositif électronique

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