WO2019096606A1

WO2019096606A1 - Method for producing a counterweight for a lift, method for constructing a lift installation, counterweight for a lift, and lift installation having a counterweight

Info

Publication number: WO2019096606A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/080147
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefano Menchini
Original assignee: Inventio Ag
Priority date: 2017-11-17
Filing date: 2018-11-05
Publication date: 2019-05-23
Also published as: EP3710393A1; CN111344246A

Abstract

The invention relates to lift installations, to counterweights (1; 10) and to methods for producing same. For this purpose, a mould (2) is provided and an envelope (5) is provided, and a filling material is filled into the envelope (5). Moulding and/or compaction of the filling material takes place under negative pressure at least within the envelope (5), wherein the envelope (5) is situated within the mould, with the result that the filling material assumes a shape corresponding to the mould (2).

Description

Method for producing a counterweight for an elevator, method for constructing an elevator installation, counterweight for an elevator and elevator installation with a counterweight

The invention relates to a method for producing a counterweight for an elevator, a procedural ren for building an elevator system, a counterweight for an elevator and an elevator system with a counterweight.

A counterweight for an elevator serves to compensate by gravity for the weight of an elevator car and at least a part of the permissible payload. Elevator car and counterweight are coupled together such that the counterweight moves down as the elevator car moves up and vice versa. A drive must therefore only set the difference of the weight in motion.

For a lift with a weight of 2t and a payload of lt results, for example, a counterweight with a weight of about 2.5t.

From the prior art, a variety of different counterweights is known. To provide the necessary weight, for example, cast steel blocks can be used.

However, these are very expensive both because of the material value and because of the energy-consuming manufacture ment.

It is also common to use concrete blocks that are equipped with a metal reinforcement.

The counterweights must meet certain requirements for static and dynamic loads. During transport, installation and / or during use, the counterweights may be exposed to pressure, tension and shock. The counterweight can break. The reinforcement usually ensures that the counterweight holds together as a block. But it can jump off smaller concrete parts. These parts can fall into the hoistway, fall into rails, between brakes, mecha nically movable elements or electronic components. They can lead to pollution and in the worst case could cause a security risk.

It is therefore known, for example from EP 2801546 Bl or CN 2730838 Y, to provide the concrete blocks with a sheath made of plastic or metal. However, this procedure is very costly. From CN 1587013 A is known to fill a housing with a suitable amount of filler before the housing is closed with a cover plate. According to CN 203653018 U, a quantity of ore and cement can be filled into a box and compacted by means of vibration. However, the filler can come out of the box under stress and cause the same negative consequences as described above for abrasive concrete.

It is therefore the object to provide a method for producing a counterweight, a method for building an elevator installation, a counterweight and an elevator installation, in which the disadvantages of the known are avoided, so that in particular a cost-effective manner a robust counterweight to Use can come.

The object is achieved with a method for producing a counterweight for a lift, which comprises the subsequent steps. A mold is provided and a sleeve is provided. A filler is filled into the envelope.

Preferably flowing or free-flowing filler is filled for example via a filling tube in the shell. There is a forming and / or compression of the filler under negative pressure, wherein the shell is gas-tight, preferably airtight, and is located within the mold, so that the filler assumes a shape corre sponding shape.

It may first be provided the form or initially the shell. For example, a tube can be placed in a ready-made mold and then filled with filler.

But it can also be provided a shell for filling and moldings that form a shape to be placed around the shell. It is also possible first to fill a shell with filler and finally to arrange a mold around the shell or the filled shell in a mold. After that, even more filler can be filled.

Before evacuation, the mold can be closed further, for example by placing a lid. The size of the mold, the size of the shell and the amount of filled filler are matched so aufei each other that the shell can cover at least a portion of the mold and the filler can fill at least the shape of the lining part of the shell.

The suppressor is applied for molding and / or compaction at least within the envelope. Underpressure is understood to mean a pressure which is below the atmospheric pressure.

Preferably, the shell, in particular after filling and insertion into the mold in such a gas-tight manner connected to a vacuum system, in particular with a vacuum pump that befindli Ches gas is evacuated in the shell, while the filler remains in the shell and is compacted.

For this purpose, for example, a filling tube can be gas-tightly connected to the sleeve and coupled to a pump.

Underpressure forming, in contrast to processes in which materials, for example, must cure, is a fast process in which the machine idle time can be minimized.

Underpressure molding is a fast and energy efficient process, as compared to methods where a material needs to be heated, for example.

With the method counterweights can be produced, which have a well-definable weight by the amount and type of filler. By choosing the shape, the shape of the counterweight can be determined. It can protuberances and / or recesses for attaching Ver connecting elements can be provided.

By adjusting the pressure difference to the ambient pressure, the compactness of the filler and thus the density can be determined.

It can therefore be set in a simple and cost-effective manner essential parameters of the counterweight.

While counterweights of known solutions generally have predefined dimensions and a predefined density, in the inventive embodiment, there are hardly any limits for dimensioning. It is therefore easily possible to optimize the outer contour of the counterweight with respect to the desired height, width and depth. Accordingly, it is possible to produce counterweights with individual dimensions by means of the method quickly. The only limitation is the availability of appropriate forms, which can not be provided in any size. The counterweights should, however, usually be transported and assembled with the usual means of transport and lifting. Therefore, no counterweights are needed that are larger than the largest available shapes.

The mass or density of the counterweight can be adjusted by the choice of filler. Since the quantity, ie volume and / or mass, and the type of material can be chosen, with the latter typically playing a role in addition to the density and the availability and cost of the material.

Since diverse forms of counterweights can be produced, there are also more freedom in the design of the entire lift system, which must have room for the counterweight.

Accordingly, an elevator system can be offered in modules, counterweights can be provided according to the individual requirements.

A desired weight ratio between the elevator car and the counterweight can easily be provided, even if there are changes in the elevator car.

The sheath can be designed so that it stabilizes the manufactured counterweight and protects against damage from external influences, in particular prevents the chipping or crumbling of pieces of material. In an advantageous embodiment of the method, the steps of filling the filler into the envelope and forming and / or compressing under reduced pressure are repeated once or several times. In this way, a layered structure can be achieved. In particular, a shell may be provided at each repetition step so that the layers are separated.

The shell may be in the form of a film with which a mold can be lined. Before preferably the shell is bag-shaped, so for example, may have only one opening. The bag can be placed in a mold and filled or filled and then surrounded by a mold. The sheath can also be provided as a hose. From a tube, by bagging an end piece, a bag can be formed which can be filled and evacuated.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the sheath is gas-tight, preferably airtight, sealed during and / or after the step of forming and / or compressing, whereby the suppression is maintained until the sheath is closed.

During closure, the envelope may still be in the mold or already separated from the mold.

In particular, an upper bag edge is welded.

The process can be automated so that a series of counterweights can be produced quickly. The filler can be introduced into the mold in a lockable and downwardly limited form from a bag or from a shaped bottom, the bag being formed from a bag film which is continuously fed in clockwise direction. The mold walls can be positioned by clocks moving in the clock who the.

Since the counterweights are easy to produce in series, the process contributes to the fact that elevator systems can not only be provided as individual productions, but also produced in series.

Advantageously, the shell contains plastic and / or metal, preferably it consists of it.

The material of the shell allows a deformability, so that the shell can adapt to the shape.

On the other hand, the material of the shell ensures that the shell is strong enough to hold the filler and to protect the shaped filler.

The material of the sheath may be a sheet material and / or have reinforcing fibers. The Mate rialstärke is about 0.1 to 1 mm. In a preferred embodiment of the method, the filled filler is liquid, pasty and / or kör king. Such filler is flowing and / or pourable, can be easily fill, for example, via a filling tube in the shell and is also filled still formable. The filler may also be present as a powder or as a mixture of liquid, pasty, granular and / or pulverulent components. The filler may preferably contain mineral sand and / or metal. These components have a comparatively high density, can be compacted well and represent a low-cost raw material.

The filler may contain iron or steel grains.

Preferably, the method comprises the selection of a shell material and / or a filler.

For example, the selection of the sheath material may be made from a variety of materials that differ in thickness and / or stability. The selection can also be made from a variety of materials that differ in color or texture.

For example, the selection of the filler can be made from a variety of materials that differ in density, bulkability, compaction capability, and / or cost.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method, the mold corresponds to a filler. One or more patches can be arranged to a counterweight. For this purpose, the filler pieces can be arranged in an ent speaking holding device, for example, be stacked in a frame.

Patches have only a fraction of the weight of the desired counterweight and thus can be easily transported. The joining of filler pieces to a counterweight preferably takes place only at the location of the elevator assembly.

Putties can be combined depending on the number of built counterweights with different weight. Filler pieces can therefore be manufactured in large numbers, which are used for a variety of different elevators.

Preferably, the method comprises the selection of a mold. In this case, the height, width and / or depth of a mold can be set or a shape can be selected from a set of shapes with different outer contours.

The object is also achieved by a method for constructing an elevator installation, comprising producing a counterweight as described above. The counterweight is arranged to build the elevator installation in an elevator shaft and coupled to an elevator car. The task is also solved by a counterweight for an elevator. The inventive counterweight comprises a filler which is located within a gas-tight, preferably airtight, sealed envelope be. Within the shell there is a suppression of the ambient pressure.

Preferably, the weight of a filled casing is greater than 50 kg, more preferably greater than 100 kg.

A counterweight may consist of one or more filled cases. A counterweight may comprise one or more patches, which in turn comprise one or more filled cases. Preference, the weight of the counterweight is greater than 500 kg.

The filler is preferably flowable or free-flowing. In an advantageous embodiment, the counterweight comprises patches, each comprising at least one ge filled envelope. A counterweight is composed of one or more patches stacked, for example, in a holder assembly.

The sheath prevents material from the filler from becoming detached from the counterweight. The prevailing oppression helps to maintain a shape formed in a mold. The shell is preferably made of gas-tight, preferably airtight, material.

The shell of the counterweight may contain plastic and / or metal. Preferably, it consists of it.

The filler of the counterweight may contain mineral sand and / or metal.

In elevator systems that allow an insight into the shaft, which have, for example, a glass shaft, the appearance of the counterweights is also important. Known counterweights must therefore be disguised or painted.

This is not necessary for the counterweights according to the invention.

Preferably, the counterweight has a shell material that satisfies aesthetic requirements in terms of exterior color and exterior texture. The counterweight may also comprise an additional outer shell or a layered shell in which the outermost layer has a particular desired color or texture. The object is also achieved by an elevator installation with a counterweight, in particular as described above. The counterweight comprises a shaped pourable or flowable filler which is within a gas-tight, preferably airtight, sealable envelope. The shaped filler has a defined shape that does not change under its own weight.

Preferably, the envelope is closed in such a gas-tight manner that within the envelope a pressure prevails over the ambient pressure.

A counterweight may consist of one or more filled casings, each of which can be sealed gas-tight. A counterweight may comprise one or more patches, which in turn comprise one or more filled cases.

The elevator installation comprises in particular at least one elevator car and a corresponding counterweight.

The invention will be explained below with reference to drawings.

Show it

Figure 1 shows a mold for producing a first example of a counterweight;

Figure 2 shows the shape with an inserted shell;

FIG. 3 shows a first example of a counterweight;

FIG. 4 shows an example of a filling piece;

Figure 5 shows a second example of a counterweight.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a mold 2 for producing a counterweight 1.

The mold 2 corresponds to a cuboid having a height h _F , a width W _F and a length 1 _F. The mold has a bottom 3 and side walls 4. Upwards, the mold 2 is open.

FIG. 2 shows the mold 1 with an inserted casing 5.

The shell 5 is bag-shaped and has an upwardly facing opening 6 with bag edge 12th

The size of the shell 5 is adapted to the mold 2, that the shell 5, the mold 2 lines. In the shell 5 then not explicitly shown filler can be filled, for example, so much that the mold 2 is completely filled. The mold 2 may be provided fixed or include movable side walls 4, which press against the already filled shell 5 and bring them into a cuboid shape. It can then be applied a suppression, for example, by the bag edge 12 is first connected airtight with a vacuum pump not shown, a suppression in the shell 5 he testifies and the shell 5 is subsequently closed.

FIG. 3 shows a first example of a counterweight 1.

The outer shape of the counterweight corresponds to the shape of 2 and is also approximately cuboid, wherein the height of the counterweight ho about the height of the form li _F, the width of the counterweight where about the width of the mold W _F and the length of the counterweight 1 _G about the Height of the form 1 _F correspond _. Since the filler is compressed by the application of the negative pressure, the dimensions of the counterweight 1 are generally smaller than the dimensions of the mold 2.

The shell 5 has, for example, at the top a weld seam 7, with which the opening 6 is closed. FIG. 4 shows an example of a filler piece 8. The filler piece 8 likewise has a shell filled with filler and closed. However, the outer contour does not correspond to a simple cuboid, as it is achieved in a mold according to Figure 1, but there are still protrusions 11 for insertion into a holding device 9 according to Figure 5 before. The filler 8 is made in a shape not explicitly shown, which corresponds to the outer contour of the filler 8.

Figure 5 shows a second example of a counterweight 10. In a holding device 9, for example a frame, patches 8 are stacked up.

Claims

claims

A method of making a counterweight (1; 10) for an elevator, comprising the following steps:

(a) providing a mold (2),

(b) providing a shell (5),

(c) filling a filler into the shell (5),

(d) forming and / or compacting the filler under depression at least within the shell (5), wherein the shell (5) is within the mold such that the filler takes on a shape corresponding to the mold (2).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein steps (c) - (d), in particular (b) - (d), be repeated once or several times.

3. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheath (5) is bag-shaped.

4. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheath (5) during and / or after step (d) is gas-tight, as long as the suppression persists, in particular an upper edge of the bag (12) is welded.

5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheath (5) plastic and / or metal contains, preferably consists thereof.

6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the filled filler is liquid, pasty and / or granular.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler contains mineral sand and / or metal.

8. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the mold (2) corresponds to a filler (8), so that one or more filler pieces (8), in particular in a holding device (9), to egg nem counterweight (10) can be arranged ,

9. A method of constructing an elevator installation, comprising producing a counterweight (1; 10) according to at least one of the preceding claims and coupling the counterweight to an elevator cage.

10. Counterweight (1; 10) for an elevator, comprising at least one filled with filler and sealed gas-tight envelope (5), wherein there is a suppression of the ambient pressure within the envelope.

11. Counterweight according to claim 10, wherein the weight of a filled casing is greater than 50 kg and / or wherein the weight of the counterweight (1; 10) is greater than 500 kg.

12. counterweight according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the counterweight comprises filling pieces (8), each comprising at least one filled sheath (5).

13. counterweight according to claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein the shell contains plastic and / or metal, preferably consists thereof.

14. counterweight according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the filler mineral sand and / or

Contains metal.

15. Elevator installation with a counterweight according to one of claims 10 to 14.