WO2019096259A1

WO2019096259A1 - Blood plasma extraction device

Info

Publication number: WO2019096259A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/115941
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李泉
Original assignee: 李泉
Priority date: 2017-11-20
Filing date: 2018-11-16
Publication date: 2019-05-23
Also published as: CN109806657A

Abstract

Provided is a blood plasma extraction device, comprising a cavity (1) capable of creating negative pressure, wherein an end of the cavity (1) is provided with a whole blood drawing pipe (2) and a plasma output pipe (3) separated from each other; the cavity (1) is respectively in communication with the whole blood drawing pipe (2) and the plasma output pipe (3) through a first unidirectional valve (4) and a second unidirectional valve (5); the terminal of the whole blood drawing pipe (2) is a blood sampling end (21); the terminal of the plasma output pipe (3) is a plasma output end (31), and a filter device (6) for filtering plasma from whole blood is arranged in the plasma output pipe (3); when the cavity (1) creates negative pressure, the whole blood can be brought into the cavity (1) through the blood sampling end (21); and when pressure is applied to the cavity (1), plasma can be filtered from the whole blood in the cavity (1) and then discharged through the plasma output end (31). The blood plasma extraction device can sample whole blood and output plasma in one step, can obtain a plasma sample without the aid of other blood cell separation instruments, is convenient to operate, can extract plasma accurately and in specific quantities, is low in cost, and is safe and reliable.

Description

Plasma extraction device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a plasma extraction device.

Background technique

Screening for disease by blood biochemical tests is a common disease screening method in clinical trials. Blood is composed of plasma and blood cells suspended therein, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Plasma is a liquid component of blood that contains water, plasma proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, cholesterol, and other important components. The blood biochemical test sample is generally plasma and/or serum, that is, the extracted blood needs to be separated to obtain a plasma and/or serum sample for blood biochemical detection.

In the prior art, the blood of the patient is generally taken by the medical staff and sealed or packaged, and then sent back to the blood test room for testing. Therefore, the test period is long, which is not conducive to timely diagnosis and guidance of the disease. POCT (point-of-care testing) refers to clinical testing (bedside testing) next to a patient, usually not necessarily performed by a clinical examiner. The existing POCT directly adds the extracted blood to the POCT chip for detection, but since each person's plasma and/or serum ratio is different, the same amount of blood is extracted from different people, and the plasma obtained after centrifugation is separated. / or the proportion of serum is also different, so directly add blood to the POCT chip for testing will have the problem of inaccurate sample loading, which will affect the accuracy of the test results, which is also not conducive to the accurate diagnosis of the disease, medication, etc. .

However, in order to improve the accuracy of POCT loading, the extracted blood can be separated by a centrifuge to obtain serum and/or plasma, and then added to the POCT chip, but the centrifuge is generally placed in the laboratory. It is used in a large volume and is inconvenient to be removed to the bedside detection; or the blood cells are separated by electrolysis by a blood cell separation device to obtain serum and/or plasma, but the separation is costly and the separation time is long.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a plasma extraction device, which aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the blood is directly added to the POCT chip for detection, and the sample volume is inaccurate, and the separation of blood cells by using other blood cell separation instruments is not convenient for placement, and The problem of high cost and long time.

The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows, a plasma extraction device comprising:

a cavity capable of forming a negative pressure, one end of the cavity being a separate whole blood extraction conduit and a plasma output conduit;

The cavity is connected to the whole blood extraction conduit and the plasma output conduit through a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, respectively;

The end of the whole blood drawing tube is a blood collecting end;

The end of the plasma output conduit is a plasma output end, and the plasma output conduit is provided with a filtering device capable of filtering whole blood into plasma;

When the cavity forms a negative pressure, the whole blood can be collected into the cavity through the blood collection end;

When the chamber is pressurized, the whole blood in the chamber can be filtered into plasma and discharged through the plasma output.

The plasma extraction device provided by the embodiment of the invention can collect whole blood through the blood collection end when the cavity forms a negative pressure, and can filter the collected whole blood into plasma after the pressure is applied to the cavity, and the operation is very Conveniently, plasma samples can be obtained directly without the aid of other blood cell separation instruments, and the cost is low, that is, the prior art in which the blood is directly added to the POCT chip for detection is inaccurate, and other blood cell separation is used. The instrument separates blood cells from inconvenient placement and has high cost and long time.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a plasma extraction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a plasma extraction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a plasma extraction apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The plasma extraction device provided by the embodiment of the invention can collect whole blood through the blood collection end when the cavity forms a negative pressure, and can filter the collected whole blood into plasma after the pressure is applied to the cavity, and the operation is very Convenient, you can get plasma samples directly without the help of other blood cell separation instruments, and the cost is low.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a plasma extraction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cavity 1 capable of forming a negative pressure, one end of the cavity 1 being a whole blood extraction tube 2 and a plasma output tube 3 isolated from each other; the cavity 1 and The whole blood drawing tube 2 and the plasma output tube 3 are respectively connected through the first check valve 4 and the second check valve 5; wherein the end of the whole blood drawing tube 2 is the blood collecting end 21; the end of the plasma output tube 3 is The plasma output end 31, the plasma output conduit 3 is provided with a filtering device 6 for filtering whole blood into plasma; when the chamber 1 forms a negative pressure, the whole blood can be collected into the cavity 1 through the blood collecting end 21; When the chamber 1 is pressed, the whole blood in the chamber 1 can be filtered into plasma and discharged through the plasma output end 31.

As a first embodiment of the present invention, referring to Fig. 1, a cavity 7 is provided in the cavity 1 of the plasma extraction device in a sealing fit with the inner wall of the cavity 1 to push and pull the plunger 7. Pulling the plunger 7 to cause the cavity 1 to form a negative pressure, the whole blood can be collected into the cavity 1 through the blood collection end 21; pushing the plunger 7 to press the cavity 1 to filter the whole blood in the cavity 1 After the plasma is discharged through the plasma output end 31.

In an embodiment of the present invention, during the blood test, the whole blood extraction tube 2 and/or the plasma output tube 3 may be first inserted into the skin tissue of the patient, and the end of the plunger 7 is held and pulled outward. Plunger 7, at this time, the air in the whole blood drawing pipe 2 is drawn out to form a negative pressure, and the whole blood enters the whole blood drawing pipe 2 with the blood collecting end 21 under the condition of the pressure difference, and the first one is opened. The valve 4 enters the cavity 1 via the opening of the first check valve 4; after a sufficient amount of whole blood is drawn, pressure is applied to the cavity 1 by pushing the plunger 7, and the whole blood in the cavity 1 is at this time The second one-way valve 5 can be opened under the action of the applied pressure, and enters into the filtering device 6 through the opening of the second one-way valve 5, is filtered into plasma by the filtering device 6, and then passes through the plasma output end 31. discharge.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cavity 1 is provided with a stop structure (not shown) for defining the push-pull movement of the plunger 7. Specifically, a limit structure may be provided at the other end of the cavity 1 near the handle 71 of the plunger 7 to prevent the plunger 7 from being completely pulled out of the cavity 1 during the pulling process. Of course, the limiting structure can also be disposed at one end of the plunger 7 near the handle 71. When the plunger 7 is pulled to the limiting structure, the plunger 7 can be prevented from continuing to move outward.

As a second embodiment of the present invention, referring to Fig. 2, the plasma extraction apparatus includes a negative pressure generating device, wherein the negative pressure generating device may be an elastic suction ball 8 attached to the other end of the cavity 1.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of blood sampling, the elastic suction ball 8 may be squeezed out to discharge part or all of the air in the cavity 1, the plasma output pipe 3 and the elastic suction ball 8, and the cavity 1 is A negative pressure is formed therein, and then the whole blood extraction tube 2 and/or the plasma output tube 3 are inserted into the skin tissue of the patient, and the elastic suction ball 8 is released. At this time, the whole blood can pass through the blood collection end under the action of the pressure difference. 21 enters the whole blood extraction pipe 2, and opens the first one-way valve 4, enters the cavity 1 through the opening of the first one-way valve 4; when a sufficient amount of whole blood is drawn, the elastic suction ball 8 is squeezed again. Applying pressure to the cavity 1 so that the whole blood entering the cavity 1 opens the second one-way valve 5, and enters the filtering device 6 through the opening of the second one-way valve 5, and is filtered into plasma after passing through the filtering device 6. , discharged from the plasma output end 31.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic suction ball 8 can be made of a rubber material, and the rubber is elastic, and can generate a large deformation under a small external force, and can be restored to the original state after the external force is removed.

As a third embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, the negative pressure generating means may be a bellows 9 provided on the outer side wall of the cavity 1. The bellows 9 may be a tubular elastic sensing member joined by a foldable crepe sheet in a folding and contracting direction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, during the blood test, the whole blood extraction tube 2 and/or the plasma output tube 3 are inserted into the skin tissue of the patient, and the bellows 9 is compressed to fold the wrinkle sheet, which can be driven. The piston 10 moves outward. At this time, the air in the cavity 1 is extracted to form a negative pressure, and the whole blood enters the whole blood drawing pipe 2 from the blood collecting end 21 under the action of the pressure difference, and opens the first check valve. 4. Entering the interior of the cavity 1 through the opening of the first check valve 4; after extracting a sufficient amount of whole blood, loosen the bellows 9 to spread the corrugated sheet, and the piston 10 is stretched at the bellows 9 at this time. Under the action of the movement, pressure is applied into the cavity 1 so that the whole blood in the cavity 1 can open the second check valve 5 and enter the filter device 6 through the opening of the second check valve 5 After the filter device 6 is filtered into plasma, it is discharged from the plasma output end 31.

The plasma extraction device provided by the above first, second and third embodiments can collect whole blood through the blood collection end when a negative pressure is formed in the cavity, and can collect the whole when the pressure is applied to the cavity. The blood is filtered for plasma output, and the operation is very convenient. The plasma sample can be directly obtained without using other blood cell separation instruments, and the cost is low, and the accuracy of POCT loading is improved.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the filtering device 6 is a blood filtering membrane, which can suppress hemolysis to the greatest extent, and quickly realize separation and filtration of red blood cells in a short time, and has good stability and uniformity, and can be quickly realized by a blood filtering membrane. The plasma and blood cells are separated, the plasma can be discharged through the blood filter membrane, and the blood cells are trapped on the blood filter membrane, the separation cost is low, and the operation is simple.

In an embodiment of the invention, the filtering device 6 may be arranged before or after the second one-way valve 5. Specifically, when the filtering device 6 is disposed before the second one-way valve 5, the whole blood in the cavity 1 is filtered into plasma by the filtering device 6, and then discharged through the second check valve 5 and the plasma output end 31. . When the filter device 6 is disposed after the second check valve 5, the whole blood in the cavity 1 flows into the filter device 6 via the second check valve 5 for filtration, and the plasma is discharged from the plasma output end 31.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a scale 11 for displaying the amount of collected whole blood is provided on the cavity 1. Through the scale of the scale 11, the medical staff can clearly and intuitively observe the current blood volume, so as to control the blood volume at any time, so that the amount of plasma discharged can satisfy the blood biochemical detection amount and complete quickly. Plasma extraction reduces the patient's pain and psychological stress. It also facilitates accurate quantification and improves the accuracy of detection.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plasma extraction device is of a one-piece structure, which is small in size and light in weight, and is convenient for medical personnel to carry and use with them.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the whole blood extraction conduit 2 and the junction of the plasma output conduit 3 and the cavity 1 are provided with reinforcing ribs (not shown) to enhance the whole blood extraction conduit 2 and the plasma output conduit. 3 The strength of the joint with the cavity 1 reduces the risk of breakage of the needle during use.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the plasma extraction device can be molded once by using an injection molding process, which is a disposable product, avoids cross-contamination of blood, and has high safety and reliability.

The plasma extraction device provided by the embodiment of the invention can collect whole blood through the blood collection end when the cavity forms a negative pressure, and can filter the collected whole blood into plasma after the pressure is applied to the cavity, and the operation is very Convenient, you can get plasma samples directly without the help of other blood cell separation instruments, and the cost is low. The whole device is small and light, can be carried around, is convenient for personnel to use, reduces the workload of medical personnel, and adopts a single molding process, which is simple to manufacture; safe and reliable for one-time use.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims

A plasma extraction device, comprising:

a cavity capable of forming a negative pressure, one end of the cavity being a separate whole blood extraction conduit and a plasma output conduit;

The cavity is connected to the whole blood extraction conduit and the plasma output conduit through a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, respectively;

The end of the whole blood drawing tube is a blood collecting end;

The end of the plasma output conduit is a plasma output end, and the plasma output conduit is provided with a filtering device capable of filtering whole blood into plasma;

When the cavity forms a negative pressure, the whole blood can be collected into the cavity through the blood collection end;

When the chamber is pressurized, the whole blood in the chamber can be filtered into plasma and discharged through the plasma output.
The plasma extraction device according to claim 1, wherein a plunger that is in sealing engagement with the inner wall of the chamber and capable of pushing and pulling movement is mounted in the cavity;

Pulling the plunger to form a negative pressure on the cavity, and collecting whole blood into the cavity through the blood collection end;

The plunger is urged to pressurize the cavity such that whole blood in the chamber is filtered into plasma and discharged through the plasma output.
A plasma extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said plasma extraction means comprises a negative pressure generating means;

The negative pressure generating device is an elastic suction ball attached to the other end of the cavity.
A plasma extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said negative pressure generating means is a bellows provided on an outer side wall of said cavity.
A plasma extraction device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein said filtering means is disposed before or after said second one-way valve.
A plasma extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said chamber is provided with a scale for displaying the amount of collected whole blood.
The plasma extraction device according to claim 1, wherein said plasma extraction device is of a one-piece structure.
A plasma extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said cavity is provided with a stopper structure for defining a push-pull movement of said plunger.
The plasma extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the whole blood drawing duct and the joint portion of the plasma output tube and the cavity are provided with reinforcing ribs.