WO2019090709A1 - 骨固定针的锁定装置 - Google Patents

骨固定针的锁定装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019090709A1
WO2019090709A1 PCT/CN2017/110513 CN2017110513W WO2019090709A1 WO 2019090709 A1 WO2019090709 A1 WO 2019090709A1 CN 2017110513 W CN2017110513 W CN 2017110513W WO 2019090709 A1 WO2019090709 A1 WO 2019090709A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
sliding block
locking device
main
fixing hole
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PCT/CN2017/110513
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐佩福
郝明
张�浩
王锟
康伟伟
Original Assignee
唐佩福
郝明
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Application filed by 唐佩福, 郝明 filed Critical 唐佩福
Priority to PCT/CN2017/110513 priority Critical patent/WO2019090709A1/zh
Publication of WO2019090709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019090709A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of bone fixation technology, and in particular to a locking device for a bone fixation needle.
  • the grasping and repositioning of bone generally requires the use of a bone fixation device.
  • a bone fixation device for minimally invasive fracture reduction of fractures, especially long bones (such as reduction of robotic reset or manual minimally invasive reduction)
  • a firm grasp of the distal and proximal fractures is required.
  • bone fixation needles are a common choice. It penetrates into the medullary cavity of the bone to control the position of the diaphysis, and is easy to operate and securely fixed. It can be used as an auxiliary fixture, but there are problems that easily loosen, swim, slide out or stimulate local skin, and affect the therapeutic effect.
  • the protruding portion can play a certain barrier limiting effect, thereby having a certain reinforcing effect on the locking of the bone fixing needle.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a locking device for locking a bone fixation needle.
  • a locking device for a bone fixing needle includes: a sliding block provided with a sliding block fixing hole penetrating the sliding block in a first direction, the sliding block fixing hole Used for the bone fixation needle to pass through the sliding block in the first direction;
  • An intermediate block the intermediate block being movably connected to the sliding block
  • the main block Connecting to two main blocks on both sides of the intermediate block, the main block is provided with a main block fixing hole penetrating through the main block in the first direction, and the main block fixing hole is used for fixing the bone
  • the needle passes through the main block in the first direction
  • sliding block and the main block are relatively movable in a second direction different from the first direction to enter a first mating state, such that the sliding block fixing hole and the main block fixing hole are perpendicular to Projections on the plane of the first direction coincide for the bone fixation needle to pass through the slider and the main block;
  • the sliding block and the main block are relatively movable in the second direction to enter a second mating state such that the sliding block fixing hole and the main block fixing hole are in a plane perpendicular to the first direction
  • the projection is at least partially misaligned to lock the bone fixation needle.
  • the intermediate block is provided with a receiving portion for accommodating the sliding block, wherein the receiving portion penetrates the intermediate block in the first direction.
  • the side wall of the receiving portion is provided with a convex structure
  • a sidewall of the sliding block is provided with a groove
  • the protruding structure cooperates with the groove
  • a groove is disposed on the side wall of the receiving portion parallel to the second direction, and a sidewall of the sliding block is provided with a convex structure, and the protruding structure cooperates with the groove .
  • the sliding block and the receiving portion have a gap in a fit along the second direction.
  • the sliding block fixing holes and/or the main block fixing holes are plural.
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the locking device further includes a drive assembly for driving the slider to move in the second direction relative to the main block.
  • the drive assembly includes a drive member and a mating hole that cooperates with the drive member
  • the driving member is formed with an external thread
  • the fitting hole comprises an internally threaded hole formed in the intermediate block for engaging with an external thread formed on the driving member.
  • the drive assembly has two groups.
  • the drive member is provided with a handle.
  • the locking device further includes a blocking block provided with a blocking block fixing hole penetrating the blocking block in the first direction, the blocking block fixing hole for abutting and blocking The bone fixes the protrusion of the needle.
  • the locking device further includes a connection for connecting the main block and the blocking block.
  • two ends of the connecting portion are respectively connected to the main block and the blocking block, or
  • the blocking block and one of the main blocks are respectively formed as one of both ends of the connecting portion.
  • the locking device of the embodiment of the present disclosure combined with the barrier defining function of the protrusion of the bone fixing needle, further locks the bone fixing needle, can enhance the clamping and fixing effect of the bone fixation on the bone, and effectively prevent the adverse effect caused by the sliding of the bone fixing needle.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a locking device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a locking device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a fixing assembly of a locking device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sliding block of a locking device mated with an intermediate block receiving portion, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a locking device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • first the terms “first”, “second”, etc. may be used herein to describe various components, components, elements, regions, layers, and/or portions, but these components, components, components, regions, layers And/or parts should not be limited by these terms. Instead, these terms are used to distinguish one component, component, component, region, layer and/or portion from another.
  • a first component, a first component, a first component, a first region, a first layer, and/or a first portion discussed below may be referred to as a second component, a second component, a second component, a second region The second layer and/or the second portion, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
  • first direction the direction of the insertion direction of the bone fixation needle
  • second direction means a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the bone fixation needle.
  • bone fixation needle may include various types of needles or staples for securing bones, for example, “bone fixation needles” may include a Sterling needle, a Kirschner wire, and/or a threaded needle. In particular, it includes an orthopedic needle or nail provided with a protrusion, such as an olive needle.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic view of a locking device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a corresponding exploded view.
  • the locking device for locking the bone fixation needle comprises a fixing assembly 1, a driving member 2, a connecting portion 3 and a blocking block 4.
  • the driving member 2 acts on the fixing component 1 , and the two ends of the connecting portion 3 are respectively connected to the fixing component 1 and the blocking block 4 .
  • the fixing assembly 1 includes a sliding block 11, an intermediate block 12, and two main blocks 13 respectively disposed on both sides of the intermediate block 12.
  • the intermediate block 12 is movably connected to the sliding block 11.
  • the sliding block 11 is provided with a sliding block fixing hole 111 penetrating the sliding block 11 in a first direction, and the sliding block fixing hole 111 is used for the bone.
  • a fixing needle passes through the sliding block 11 in the first direction.
  • the main block 13 is provided with a main block fixing hole 131 penetrating the main block 13 in the first direction, and the main block fixing hole 131 is used for the bone fixing needle in the first direction Pass through the main block 13.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of the slider fixing holes 111 and/or the main block fixing holes 131. In the illustrated embodiment, there are a plurality of them, and the size is the hole diameter to accommodate the orthopedic bones. Fix the needle.
  • the shape of the slider fixing hole 111 and/or the main block fixing hole 131 may be a circle. However, in other examples, it may be other shapes, such as squares.
  • the slider 11 and the main block 13 are relatively movable in a second direction different from the first direction to enter the first mating state such that the slider fixing hole 111 and the main block fixing hole 131 are at The projections on the plane perpendicular to the first direction coincide, as shown in FIG. 4, for the bone fixation needle to pass through the slider 11 and the main block 13.
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the slider 11 and the main block 13 are relatively movable in the second direction to enter the second mating state such that the slider fixing hole 111 and the main block fixing hole 131 are perpendicular to
  • the projection on the plane of the first direction is at least partially offset to reduce the area of the intersection of the slider fixing hole and the main block fixing hole, thereby fastening and holding the bone fixing needle.
  • the intermediate block 12 is provided with a receiving portion 121 for accommodating the sliding block 11.
  • the receiving portion 121 penetrates the intermediate block 12 in the first direction and approximately coincides with the shape of the sliding block 11.
  • the accommodating portion 121 is approximately a hexahedral shape, is open in the through direction, and is enclosed by the four inner walls of the intermediate block 12.
  • a convex structure 123 is disposed on a side wall of the accommodating portion 121 parallel to the second direction, and correspondingly, a sidewall of the sliding block 11 is disposed to cooperate with the convex structure 123.
  • the convex structure 123 is a quadrangular prism shape in which one side surface is in contact with the inner wall of the intermediate block 12. The manner in which the raised structure cooperates with the recess enhances the mating strength between the slider 11 and the intermediate block accommodating portion 121, thereby improving system reliability.
  • a groove may be provided on the side wall of the accommodating portion 121 parallel to the second direction, and correspondingly, a convex structure matching the groove may be disposed on a side wall of the sliding block 11 .
  • FIG 4 is a schematic view of a sliding block of a locking device mated with an intermediate block receiving portion, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in the figure, there is a gap between the sliding block 11 and the receiving portion 121 in the second direction. In order to facilitate the sliding of the sliding block 11 and the main block 13 to enter the second mating state. Further, the sliding block 11 is chamfered to prevent it from being too tightly engaged with the intermediate block 12.
  • the locking device may further include a driving assembly for driving the slider 11 to move in the second direction relative to the main block 13.
  • the drive assembly includes a drive member 2 and a mating hole 122 that cooperates with the drive member 2.
  • the driving member 2 is formed with an external thread
  • the fitting hole 122 includes an internally threaded hole 122 formed in the intermediate block 12 for engaging with an external thread formed on the driving member 2.
  • the mating holes 122 extend in the second direction, and in the illustrated embodiment, there are two. Thereby, two driving members 2 (not shown) can be provided to cooperate with them, which is convenient and efficient for convenient use or simultaneous use. And, the driving member 2 is provided with a handle for convenient driving operation and labor saving.
  • the driving member 2 is screwed with the internally threaded hole 122 by a spiral motion, and contacts the surface of the sliding block 11 through the internally threaded hole 122. Since the sliding block 11 and the accommodating portion 121 of the intermediate block 12 have a gap in the cooperation in the second direction, under further spiral motion, the driving member 2 pushes the sliding block 11 to move in the second direction, and the intermediate block 12 It is fixed to the main block 13. Thus, there is a relative movement between the slider 11 and the main block 13 in the second direction.
  • the projection of the sliding block fixing hole 111 and the main block fixing hole 131 on a plane perpendicular to the first direction is misaligned, and enters the second mating state, thereby achieving fixation of the bone fixing needle.
  • the driving member 2 and the female threaded hole 122 are tightly fitted by the screw fixing to maintain the stability of the second fitting state.
  • the locking device includes a connecting portion 3 and a blocking block 4 .
  • the shape of the blocking block 4 is similar to that of the main block 13.
  • both ends of the connecting portion 3 and the blocking block 4 are respectively provided with a connecting portion fixing hole 31 and a blocking block fixing hole 41 penetrating in the first direction.
  • the connecting portion fixing hole 31 and the blocking block fixing hole 41 correspond to the main block fixing hole 131.
  • the size of the block fixing hole 41 is smaller than the protrusion 61 on the bone fixing pin, which can block the passage thereof, thereby functioning as a barrier.
  • the two ends of the connecting portion 3 are respectively connected to the main block 13 of the fixing assembly 1 and the blocking block 4.
  • the intermediate block 12 and the main block 13 of the fixing assembly 1 have a plurality of corresponding holes, which can be fixed via fixing members such as screws, and the intermediate block 12 and the sliding block fitted to the inside thereof 11.
  • the main blocks 13 placed on either side of the intermediate block 12 together form a separate unit, namely the fixed assembly 1.
  • the first end of the fixing component 1 and the connecting portion 3 is further provided with a partial corresponding hole to cooperatively fix the fixing component 1 to the first end of the connecting portion 3, at this time,
  • the main block fixing hole 131 and the connecting portion fixing hole 31 are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the blocking block is also connected to the second end of the connecting portion 3 through a corresponding hole and a fixing member.
  • main block 13 and the blocking block 4 are respectively formed at both ends of the connecting portion 3, and the separate main block 13 and the blocking block 4 are not required to be connected to the connecting portion 3.
  • the connecting portion 3 is provided in an arc shape, and both ends are respectively provided as groove portions that cooperate with the main block 13 and the blocking block 4. Moreover, the connection between the first end portion and the second end portion of the connecting portion 3 can be confirmed The direction of the fixation of the fixed bone needle, together with the clamping and fixing of the first end fixing component and the blocking of the second end blocking block, achieves multiple locking of the bone fixing needle, and is stable and firm.
  • the slider 11 is fitted to the accommodating portion 121 of the intermediate block 12, at this time, the side wall groove (or projection) portion 112 of the slider block 11 and the side wall projection (or groove) portion 123 of the accommodating portion 121 are buckled. In combination, the mating strength of the slider 11 and the intermediate block 12 is enhanced.
  • the fixing member is inserted into the corresponding hole of the first end portion of the fixing component 1 and the connecting portion 3 for fastening.
  • the main block fixing hole and the connecting portion fixing hole are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the blocking block 4 is connected to the second end of the connecting portion 3 such that the blocking block fixing hole and the connecting portion fixing hole are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the bone fixing needle is sequentially inserted into each fixing hole along a linear direction defined between the both end portions of the connecting portion 3, so that the blocking block 4 blocks the protruding portion 61 that defines the bone fixing needle; and the driving member 2 is operated to make the sliding block 11
  • the main block 13 is relatively moved in the second direction to enter the second mating state, such that the projection of the slider fixing hole 111 and the main block fixing hole 131 on a plane perpendicular to the first direction is at least partially The position is displaced to reduce the area of the intersection of the sliding block fixing hole and the main block fixing hole, thereby fastening and holding the bone fixing needle to achieve fixation of the bone to be fixed.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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Abstract

一种骨固定针的锁定装置，包括：滑动块(11)，滑动块(11)上设置有沿第一方向贯穿滑动块(11)的滑动块固定孔(111)，滑动块固定孔(111)用于供骨固定针沿第一方向穿过滑动块(11)；和中间块(12)，中间块(12)与滑动块(11)活动连接；以及连接至中间块(12)两侧的两个主块(13)，主块(13)设置有沿第一方向贯穿主块(13)的主块固定孔(131)，主块固定孔(131)用于供骨固定针沿第一方向穿过主块(13)，滑动块(11)和主块(13)能够沿第二方向相对运动以进入第二配合状态，使得滑动块固定孔(111)和主块固定孔(131)在垂直于第一方向的平面上的投影至少部分错位，以锁定骨固定针。

Description

骨固定针的锁定装置 技术领域
本发明涉及骨固定技术领域，具体地，涉及一种骨固定针的锁定装置。
背景技术
在医疗实践中，对骨的抓持和复位一般需要使用骨固定装置。具体地，对骨折尤其是长骨进行微创骨折复位(如复位机器人复位或手动微创复位)时，需要对骨折远端和近端进行牢固抓持。
在传统治疗骨折的方式中，骨固定针是一种常见的选择。其穿入骨干髓腔内以控制该骨干的位置，操作简单、固定牢靠，可作为辅助固定物，但是存在容易松动、游走、滑出或刺激局部皮肤的问题，影响治疗效果。
对于设置有突出部的骨固定针，如橄榄针，其突出部可起到一定的阻挡限制作用，因而对骨固定针的锁定具有一定增强效果。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题中的至少一个方面，本公开的实施例提供一种锁定装置，用以锁定骨固定针。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种骨固定针的锁定装置，包括：滑动块，所述滑动块上设置有沿第一方向贯穿所述滑动块的滑动块固定孔，所述滑动块固定孔用于供所述骨固定针沿所述第一方向穿过所述滑动块；
中间块，所述中间块与所述滑动块活动连接；和
连接至所述中间块两侧的两个主块，所述主块设置有沿所述第一方向贯穿所述主块的主块固定孔，所述主块固定孔用于供所述骨固定针沿所述第一方向穿过所述主块，
其中，所述滑动块和所述主块能够沿不同于所述第一方向的第二方向相对运动以进入第一配合状态，使得所述滑动块固定孔和所述主块固定孔在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影重合，以供所述骨固定针穿过所述滑动块和所述主块；以及
所述滑动块和所述主块能够沿所述第二方向相对运动以进入第二配合状态，使得所述滑动块固定孔和所述主块固定孔在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影至少部分错位，以锁定所述骨固定针。
根据一些实施例，所述中间块中设置有容纳所述滑动块的容纳部，其中，所述容纳部沿所述第一方向贯穿所述中间块。
根据一些实施例，所述容纳部的侧壁上设置有凸起结构，并且，所述滑动块的侧壁上设置有凹槽，所述凸起结构和所述凹槽配合，
或者，在所述容纳部平行于所述第二方向的侧壁上设置有凹槽，并且，所述滑动块的侧壁上设置有凸起结构，所述凸起结构和所述凹槽配合。
根据一些实施例，所述滑动块与所述容纳部在沿所述第二方向的配合存在间隙。
根据一些实施例，所述滑动块固定孔和/或所述主块固定孔有多个。
根据一些实施例，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
根据一些实施例，所述锁定装置还包括驱动组件，用于驱动所述滑动块相对于所述主块沿所述第二方向运动。
根据一些实施例，所述驱动组件包括驱动件和与所述驱动件配合的配合孔，
其中，所述驱动件上形成有外螺纹，所述配合孔包括形成在所述中间块中的内螺纹孔，用于与形成在所述驱动件上的外螺纹配合。
根据一些实施例，所述驱动组件有2组。
根据一些实施例，所述驱动件上设置有手柄。
根据一些实施例，所述锁定装置还包括阻挡块，所述阻挡块上设置有沿所述第一方向贯穿所述阻挡块的阻挡块固定孔，所述阻挡块固定孔用于抵接且阻挡所述骨固定针的突出部。
根据一些实施例，所述锁定装置还包括连接部，用于连接所述主块和所述阻挡块。
根据一些实施例，所述连接部的两端分别连接至所述主块上和所述阻挡块上，或
所述阻挡块和一个所述主块分别形成为所述连接部的两端中的一个端部。本公开实施例的锁定装置，结合骨固定针突出部的阻挡限定作用，对骨固定针进一步锁定，可增强骨固定针对骨干的夹持固定效果，有效防止因骨固定针滑动造成的不良影响。
附图说明
通过下文中参照附图对本公开所作的描述，本公开的其它目的和优点将显而易见，并可帮助对本公开有全面的理解。
图1是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的整体示意图；
图2是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的分解示意图；
图3是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的固定组件的分解示意图；
图4是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的滑动块与中间块容纳部配合的示意图；以及
图5是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的主视图。
需要说明的是，各附图并不一定按比例来绘制，而是仅以不影响读者理解的示意性方式示出。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另有明确说明，本公开实施例的附图中各结构的尺寸和比例均不代表实际的尺寸和比例。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。
需要说明的是，虽然术语“第一”、“第二”等可以在此用于描述各种部件、构件、元件、区域、层和/或部分，但是这些部件、构件、元件、区域、层和/或部分不应受到这些术语限制。而是，这些术语用于将一个部件、构件、元件、区域、层和/或部分与另一个相区分。因而，例如，下面讨论的第一部件、第一构件、第一元件、第一区域、第一层和/或第一部分可以被称为第二部件、第二构件、第二元件、第二区域、第二层和/或第二部分，而不背离本公开的教导。
另外，“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者部件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者部件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者部件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。
在本公开中，为了描述方便，使用了方向性术语“第一方向”、“第二方向”等，应理解的是，所述方向性术语仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。例如，在描述根据本公开实施例的骨固定针的锁定装置时，可以参照所述锁定装置实际的使用方位，用“第一方向”表示平行于所述骨固定针的插入方向的方向，用“第二方向”表示垂直于所述骨固定针的插入方向的方向。
在本公开中，术语“骨固定针”可以包括各种类型的用来固定骨头的针或钉，例如，“骨固定针”可以包括斯氏针、克氏针和/或螺纹针。特别的，包括设置有突出部的骨科针或钉，如橄榄针。
图1示出了根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的整体示意图，图2是相应的分解示意图。由图可知，用于锁定骨固定针的锁定装置包括固定组件1、驱动件2、连接部3以及阻挡块4。其中，所述驱动件2作用于所述固定组件1上，所述连接部3两端分别连接至所述固定组件1和所述阻挡块4上。
图3是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的固定组件的分解示意图。如图所示，所述固定组件1包括滑动块11、中间块12和2个分别置于所述中间块12两侧的主块13。其中，所述中间块12与所述滑动块11活动连接。
参照图3，在本公开的实施例中，所述滑动块11上设置有沿第一方向贯穿所述滑动块11的滑动块固定孔111，所述滑动块固定孔111用于供所述骨固定针沿所述第一方向穿过所述滑动块11。相应地，所述主块13设置有沿所述第一方向贯穿所述主块13的主块固定孔131，所述主块固定孔131用于供所述骨固定针沿所述第一方向穿过所述主块13。本公开并不对所述滑动块固定孔111和/或所述主块固定孔131的数量作出限制，在图示的实施例中，其有多个，并且尺寸大小为孔直径可容纳骨科常用骨固定针。作为一个示例，所述滑动块固定孔111和/或所述主块固定孔131的形状可以是圆形。但是，在其它的示例中，其也可以是其他形状，例如正方形。
在本公开的实施例中，滑动块11和主块13能够沿不同于所述第一方向的第二方向相对运动以进入第一配合状态，使得滑动块固定孔111和主块固定孔131在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影重合，如图4所示，以供骨固定针穿过滑动块11和主块13。在一个示例中，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
在本公开的实施例中，滑动块11和主块13能够沿所述第二方向相对运动以进入第二配合状态，使得所述滑动块固定孔111和所述主块固定孔131在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影至少部分错位，以减小滑动块固定孔和主块固定孔交叉部分的面积，从而紧固夹持住骨固定针。通过使用上述锁定装置，使得锁定方式操作简单，且可同时控制多个固定孔对多个骨固定针的夹持固定，并且保证了受夹持的多个部位在受力上的均匀性，有利于治疗效果。
如图3所示，所述中间块12中设置有容纳所述滑动块11的容纳部121。在一个示例中，所述容纳部121沿所述第一方向贯穿所述中间块12，并和所述滑动块11的形状近似吻合。在图示的实施例中，所述容纳部121近似为六面体形状，沿贯穿方向敞开，并由中间块12的四面内壁围合而成。
参照图3，在所述容纳部121平行于所述第二方向的侧壁上设置有凸起结构123，相应地，所述滑动块11的侧壁上设置有和所述凸起结构123配合的凹槽112。在图示的实施例中，所述凸起结构123为一侧面与所述中间块12的内壁贴合的四棱柱状。这种凸起结构与凹槽配合的方式可增强滑动块11和中间块容纳部121间的配合强度，提高系统可靠性。
可替代地，可以在所述容纳部121平行于所述第二方向的侧壁上设置凹槽，相应地，在所述滑动块11的侧壁上设置和所述凹槽配合的凸起结构。
图4是根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置的滑动块与中间块容纳部配合的示意图。如图所示，所述滑动块11与所述容纳部121在沿所述第二方向的配合存在间隙， 以便于滑动块11与主块13发生相对滑动从而进入所述第二配合状态。此外，滑动块11进行倒角处理，可防止其与中间块12配合过紧而卡住。
在本公开的实施例中，所述锁定装置还可以包括驱动组件，用于驱动所述滑动块11相对于所述主块13沿所述第二方向运动。参照图3，所述驱动组件包括驱动件2和与所述驱动件2配合的配合孔122。其中，所述驱动件2上形成有外螺纹，所述配合孔122包括形成在所述中间块12中的内螺纹孔122，用于与形成在所述驱动件2上的外螺纹配合。所述配合孔122沿所述第二方向延伸，在图示的实施例中，其有2个。由此，可提供两个驱动件2(未示出)与之配合，方便工作时择一使用或同时使用，便捷高效。以及，所述驱动件2上设置有手柄，方便驱动操作并可省力。
在本公开的实施例中，驱动件2通过螺旋运动与内螺纹孔122配合旋紧，并穿过内螺纹孔122接触到滑动块11表面。由于滑动块11与中间块12的容纳部121在沿所述第二方向的配合存在间隙，在进一步的螺旋运动下，驱动件2推动滑动块11沿所述第二方向运动，而中间块12和主块13固定不动。这样，滑动块11和主块13间就存在沿所述第二方向的相对运动。以此方式，所述滑动块固定孔111和所述主块固定孔131在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影错位，进入第二配合状态，进而实现对骨固定针的固定。同时，驱动件2与内螺纹孔122间通过螺旋固定紧密配合，维持所述第二配合状态的稳定。
参照图2和图5，根据本公开的示例性实施例的锁定装置包括连接部3和阻挡块4。其中，所述阻挡块4的形状类似所述主块13。在一个示例中，所述连接部3的两端和所述阻挡块4分别设置有沿所述第一方向贯穿的连接部固定孔31和阻挡块固定孔41。所述连接部固定孔31和所述阻挡块固定孔41对应于所述主块固定孔131。并且，所述阻挡块固定孔41的尺寸小于骨固定针上的突出部61，可阻挡其通过，因此起到阻挡限定的作用。
在一个实施例中，所述连接部3的两端分别连接至所述固定组件1的所述主块13上和所述阻挡块4上。首先，所述固定组件1的所述中间块12和所述主块13上有若干对应孔，可经由固定件(如螺钉)固定，此时所述中间块12和配合至其内部的滑动块11、以及置于所述中间块12两侧的主块13共同形成一独立的整体，即所述固定组件1。其次，所述固定组件1和所述连接部3的第一端部还设置有部分对应孔，以将所述固定组件1配合固定至所述连接部3的第一端部，此时，所述主块固定孔131和所述连接部固定孔31一一对应。同理，所述阻挡块也通过对应孔和固定件连接至所述连接部3的第二端部。
在另一个实施例中，所述连接部3的两端分别形成有所述主块13和所述阻挡块4，而无需单独的主块13和阻挡块4与所述连接部3连接。
在本公开的实施例中，所述连接部3设置为弧形，两端分别设置为与所述主块13和所述阻挡块4配合的槽部。并且，所述连接部3的第一端部和第二端部的连线可确 定骨固定针的穿过方向，再加上第一端部固定组件的夹持固定和第二端部阻挡块的阻挡限定，共同实现了骨固定针的多重锁定，稳定牢固。
下面结合图1-5，描述本公开实施例的锁定装置的操作过程。
首先，滑动块11配合至中间块12的容纳部121，此时，滑动块11的侧壁凹槽(或凸起)部分112和容纳部121的侧壁凸起(或凹槽)部分123扣合，增强滑动块11和中间块12的配合强度。
然后，将2个主块13分别连接至中间块12两侧，并将固定件插入主块13和中间块12的对应孔内进行紧固，此时，滑动块、中间块和主块共同组成固定组件1。
接着，将固定件插入固定组件1和连接部3第一端部的对应孔内进行紧固，此时，主块固定孔和连接部固定孔一一对应。同理，将阻挡块4连接至连接部3的第二端部，使阻挡块固定孔和连接部固定孔一一对应。
最后，将骨固定针沿连接部3的两端部间确定的直线方向依次插入各固定孔，使阻挡块4阻挡限定住骨固定针的突出部61；并操作驱动件2，使滑动块11和主块13沿所述第二方向相对运动以进入第二配合状态，使得所述滑动块固定孔111和所述主块固定孔131在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影至少部分错位，以减小滑动块固定孔和主块固定孔交叉部分的面积，从而紧固夹持住骨固定针，实现对待固定骨的固定。
对于本公开的实施例，还需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例。
以上，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种骨固定针的锁定装置，包括：
    滑动块(11)，所述滑动块(11)上设置有沿第一方向贯穿所述滑动块(11)的滑动块固定孔(111)，所述滑动块固定孔(111)用于供所述骨固定针沿所述第一方向穿过所述滑动块(11)；
    中间块(12)，所述中间块(12)与所述滑动块(11)活动连接；和
    连接至所述中间块(12)两侧的两个主块(13)，所述主块(13)设置有沿所述第一方向贯穿所述主块(13)的主块固定孔(131)，所述主块固定孔(131)用于供所述骨固定针沿所述第一方向穿过所述主块(13)，
    其中，所述滑动块(11)和所述主块(13)能够沿不同于所述第一方向的第二方向相对运动以进入第一配合状态，使得所述滑动块固定孔(111)和所述主块固定孔(131)在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影重合，以供所述骨固定针穿过所述滑动块(11)和所述主块(13)；以及
    所述滑动块(11)和所述主块(13)能够沿所述第二方向相对运动以进入第二配合状态，使得所述滑动块固定孔(111)和所述主块固定孔(131)在垂直于所述第一方向的平面上的投影至少部分错位，以锁定所述骨固定针。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述中间块(12)中设置有容纳所述滑动块(11)的容纳部(121)，其中，所述容纳部(121)沿所述第一方向贯穿所述中间块(12)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，在所述容纳部(121)平行于所述第二方向的侧壁上设置有凸起结构(123)，并且，所述滑动块(11)的侧壁上设置有凹槽(112)，所述凸起结构(123)和所述凹槽(112)配合，
    或者，在所述容纳部(121)平行于所述第二方向的侧壁上设置有凹槽，并且，所述滑动块(11)的侧壁上设置有凸起结构，所述凸起结构和所述凹槽配合。
  4. 根据权利要求2-3中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述滑动块(11)与所述容纳部(121)在沿所述第二方向的配合存在间隙。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述滑动块固定孔(111)和/或所述主块固定孔(131)有多个。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，还包括驱动组件，用于驱动所述滑动块(11)相对于所述主块(13)沿所述第二方向运动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括驱动件(2)和与所述驱动件(2)配合的配合孔(122)，
    其中，所述驱动件(2)上形成有外螺纹，所述配合孔(122)包括形成在所述中间块(12)中的内螺纹孔(122)，用于与形成在所述驱动件(2)上的外螺纹配合。
  9. 根据权利要求7-8中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件有2组。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述驱动件(2)上设置有手柄。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述锁定装置还包括阻挡块(4)，所述阻挡块(4)上设置有沿所述第一方向贯穿所述阻挡块(4)的阻挡块固定孔(41)，所述阻挡块固定孔(41)用于抵接且阻挡所述骨固定针的突出部(61)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述锁定装置还包括连接部(3)，用于连接所述主块(13)和所述阻挡块(4)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述连接部(3)的两端分别连接至所述主块(13)上和所述阻挡块(4)上，
    或者，所述阻挡块(4)和一个所述主块(13)分别形成为所述连接部(3)的两端中的一个端部。
PCT/CN2017/110513 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 骨固定针的锁定装置 WO2019090709A1 (zh)

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