WO2019084571A1 - Système de paiement d'ico, de financement participatif et de prévente utilisant une monnaie alternative - Google Patents

Système de paiement d'ico, de financement participatif et de prévente utilisant une monnaie alternative

Info

Publication number
WO2019084571A1
WO2019084571A1 PCT/US2018/059174 US2018059174W WO2019084571A1 WO 2019084571 A1 WO2019084571 A1 WO 2019084571A1 US 2018059174 W US2018059174 W US 2018059174W WO 2019084571 A1 WO2019084571 A1 WO 2019084571A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
asset
secure ledger
ico
transaction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/059174
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erich Lawson SPANGENBERG
Daniel Lawrence BORK
Pascal ASSELOT
Brian Joshua BERMAN
Magda VOLTOLINI
Original Assignee
Spangenberg Erich Lawson
Bork Daniel Lawrence
Asselot Pascal
Berman Brian Joshua
Voltolini Magda
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/US2018/056690 external-priority patent/WO2019083837A2/fr
Priority claimed from PCT/US2018/057062 external-priority patent/WO2019083974A1/fr
Priority to US16/758,395 priority Critical patent/US20200265518A1/en
Application filed by Spangenberg Erich Lawson, Bork Daniel Lawrence, Asselot Pascal, Berman Brian Joshua, Voltolini Magda filed Critical Spangenberg Erich Lawson
Priority to PCT/US2018/061448 priority patent/WO2019084574A1/fr
Priority to CN201880076558.4A priority patent/CN111684443A/zh
Priority to PCT/US2018/064186 priority patent/WO2019100084A1/fr
Priority to US16/758,400 priority patent/US20200250780A1/en
Priority to US16/216,776 priority patent/US20190258687A1/en
Priority to US16/257,006 priority patent/US20190259114A1/en
Publication of WO2019084571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019084571A1/fr
Priority to US16/435,532 priority patent/US20200159788A1/en
Priority to US17/508,959 priority patent/US11947605B2/en
Priority to US18/072,628 priority patent/US20230229716A1/en
Priority to US18/601,970 priority patent/US20240346094A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
    • G06Q20/102—Bill distribution or payments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/02—Banking, e.g. interest calculation or account maintenance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/06—Asset management; Financial planning or analysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash

Definitions

  • TITLE ICO and crowdfunding and presale payment system using alternative currency PRIORITY CLAIMS
  • PCT/US2018/56884 filed on October 22, 2018, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Number 62/576,516, filed October 24 th , 2017.
  • This application also claims the benefit of International Patent Application Number PCT/US2018/57062, filed on October 23 rd , 2018, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Number 62/577,253, filed October 26 th , 2017, U.S. Provisional Patent Application Number 62/579, 172, filed October 31 st , 2017, and U. S. Provisional Patent Application Number 62/579,347, filed October 31 st , 2017.
  • This application also claims the benefit of U. S. Provisional Patent Application Number 62/588,350, filed November 19 th , 2017.
  • the present invention relates generally to the field of virtual currency. More specifically the present invention relates to the exchange of cryptocurrency during an Initial Coin Offering ("ICO").
  • ICO Initial Coin Offering
  • Bitcoin is one example of a decentralized virtual crypto-currency that is independent of any central bank. Unlike traditional currency Bitcoin is not minted 'by fiat', but rather mined by an interconnected network of computers.
  • An ICO is the cryptocurrency space's rough equivalent to an IPO in the mainstream investment world.
  • ICOs act as fundraisers of sorts; a company looking to create a new coin, app, or service launches an ICO.
  • interested investors buy in to the offering, either with fiat currency or with preexisting digital tokens like ether.
  • investors receive a new cryptocurrency token specific to the ICO.
  • Investors hope that the token will perform exceptionally well into the future, providing them with a stellar return on investment.
  • the company holding the ICO uses the investor funds as a means of furthering its goals, launching its product, or starting its digital currency.
  • ICOs are used by startups to bypass the rigorous and regulated capital -raising process required by venture capitalists or banks.
  • ICOs are similar to IPOs and crowdfunding. Like IPOs, a stake of the startup or company is sold to raise money for the entity's operations during an ICO operation. However, while IPOs deal with investors, ICOs deal with supporters that are keen to invest in a new project much like a crowdfunding event. But ICOs differ from crowdfunding in that the backers of the former are motivated by a prospective return in their investments, while the funds raised in the latter campaign are basically donations. For these reasons, ICOs are referred to as crowdsales.
  • the present invention seeks to improve in these issues be providing a method to participate in ICOs without many of the above described limitations.
  • An important aspect of ICOs is that they utilize a decentralized method of "token" transfer.
  • This decentralized method of conducting transactions is known as blockchain technology.
  • the blockchain is a data structure that stores a list of transactions and can be thought of as a distributed electronic ledger that records transactions between source identifier(s) and destination identifier(s). Every transaction is "to" a destination identifier that is associated with a public/private key pair.
  • outputs from other, prior transactions that are to the "from" address (which may be multiple different addresses derived from the same private key) are used as inputs for this new transaction.
  • the new transaction is then encumbered with the public key associated with the "to" destination identifier.
  • outputs from prior blockchain transactions are used as inputs for new transactions that are then signed using the public key associated with the destination address.
  • the new blockchain transaction is then submitted to the blockchain.
  • Once on the blockchain multiple such transactions are bundled into a block and the block is linked to a prior block in the "blockchain.”
  • Computer nodes of the distributed system then maintain the blockchain and validate each new block (along with the transactions contained in the corresponding block).
  • Blockchain technology holds great promise for a range of industries and business cases, including the patent asset class. That is because a Blockchain can be viewed as a type of shared database, the contents of which are verified and agreed upon by a network or independent actors. For a new piece of data (such as the owner of a newly issued patent) to be added to the Blockchain, the independent verifiers must come to consensus on its validity.
  • each new set of transactions (a "block") is cryptographically linked to the previous block, it is extraordinarily difficult to change data stored in a Blockchain and any such change would be readily detectable.
  • blockchains are widely considered to be immutable and thus can serve as a record of proof of ownership.
  • each user When transacting in a Blockchain platform, each user makes use of a public address (needed for other actors in the network to send a transaction to that user), and a cryptographically paired "private key.” Private keys are used to sign transactions digitally, a form authentication to ensure that a given user has genuinely generated a transaction.
  • Blockchain is a relatively new technology.
  • Blockchain data transfer is currently considered one the most secure technologies for digital asset transfer due to its distributed nature and use of sophisticated cryptography. Smart contracts, therefore, offer a potential solution for the management of patent transactions via the introduction of a universal, distributed ledger that does not require trust in a single third party.
  • the Bitcoin blockchain is limited to sets of simple information and scripts such as transaction details, and conditioning a transaction on a minimum number of signatories. It was therefore argued that for a virtual currency to truly revolutionize trade it must also provide built-in means for facilitating complex contracts and deals with the currency.
  • Ethereum also allows storing program code on its blockchain and running it concurrently by any number of network members. By predicating release of funds upon verifiable occurrences, Ethereum enables smart contract functionality.
  • a network member uploads a computer program written in one of several permitted languages to the blockchain. The member may then condition the release of an amount of ETH (the currency underlying Ethereum) upon reaching the end of this program. Various network members thereafter run the program concurrently and reach a consensus on the resulted output.
  • ETH the currency underlying Ethereum
  • This feature allows any member to issue and trade with a custom virtual currency upon the Ethereum network.
  • a custom virtual currency issued and based upon another virtual currency is referred to as a Token.
  • a Token may have various uses. While a certain Token will represent money, another Token will represent club member points or frequent flyer points. Tokens may be traded for ETH or for any other commodities and Tokens via the Ethereum or the IBM Hyperledger network.
  • IPWe Platform a decentralized platform
  • DApp Decentralized Application
  • IPWe Platform will be capable of patent registration and increasing complex transactional capabilities in a global market context. By increasing transparency, it will help to unlock additional value in this asset class and reduce the liquidity discount associated with patents.
  • the present invention will be capable of allowing each step of an ICO, from coin generation to valuation and release, to be recorded on the IPWe platform via a blockchain and executed with smart contracts.
  • ICOs Although similar to IPOs, ICOs retain at least three important structural differences from IPOs. First, ICOs are decentralized, with no single authority governing them. Second, ICOs are largely unregulated, meaning that government organizations like the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) do not oversee them. Finally, as a result of decentralization and a lack of regulation, ICOs are much freer in terms of structure than IPOs.
  • SEC U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
  • ICOs can be structured in a variety of ways. In some cases, a company sets a specific goal or limit for its funding, which means that each token sold in the ICO has a pre-set price and that the total token supply is static. In other cases, there is a static supply of ICO tokens but a dynamic funding goal, which means that the distribution of tokens to investors will be dependent upon the funds received (and that the more total funds received in the ICO, the higher the overall token price). Still other ICOs have a dynamic token supply which is determined according to the amount of funding received. In these cases, the price of a token is static, but there is no limit to the number of total tokens, save for parameters like ICO length. These different types of ICOs are illustrated below:
  • tokens purchased in ICOs returned an average of 12.8x the initial investment in dollar terms.
  • ICOs have generated significantly larger amounts in terms of total funds raised.
  • the largest ICO by this metric is filecoin, a decentralized cloud storage project.
  • filecoin managed to raise about $257 million.
  • a list of the biggest ICOs to date includes 2 :
  • the ICO will send the new token to your cryptocurrency wallet. Depending on the wallet, an investor may need to add the token to the wallet itself so that they can send and receive transfers.
  • the company which provided the ICO may offer a service allowing an investor to transfer the token back to the previous cryptocurrency, or you may need to go to another digital currency exchange in order to make the transfer. In some cases, an investor may need to hold the token until it becomes listed on an exchange which you can access based on your region.
  • the present invention seeks to provide one platform that simplifies this process and allows an investor to participate in the ICO using any item of value.
  • the present invention uses a decentralized method of token exchange on an existing platform to facilitate ICOs.
  • the Bitcoin blockchain is limited to sets of simple information and scripts such as transaction details, and conditioning a transaction on a minimum number of signatories. It was therefore argued that for a virtual currency to truly revolutionize trade it must also provide built-in means for facilitating complex contracts and deals with the currency.
  • a network member uploads a computer program written in one of several permitted languages to the blockchain. The member may then condition the release of an amount of ETH (the currency underlying Ethereum) upon reaching the end of this program. Various network members thereafter run the program concurrently and reach a consensus on the resulted output.
  • ETH the currency underlying Ethereum
  • This feature allows any member to issue and trade with a custom virtual currency upon the Ethereum network.
  • a custom virtual currency issued and based upon another virtual currency is referred to as a Token.
  • a Token may have various uses. While a certain Token will represent money, another Token will represent club member points or frequent flyer points. Tokens may be traded for ETH or for any other commodities and Tokens via the Ethereum network.
  • value of a currency is determined by the price of a transaction between willing parties. That is how FOREX exchange rates are calculated. Each currency is listed with its exchange rate to another currency.
  • Figure 1 is a flow diagram of an ICO using the IPWe platform.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the asset exchange process of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the asset exchange and funding process of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 depicts a diagram of the ICO evaluation, offer and funding process of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an illustration showing the interconnection of each node in a distributed network.
  • the present invention discloses a platform that allows for payment of funds towards an ICO crowdfunding, or presale.
  • cryptocurrency shall refer to a digital medium of value exchange and representation of value that is not guaranteed by a central authority, such as a government.
  • Cryptocurrency is often characterized by the absence of a central issuing or validating authority and by the existence of a cloud-based public ledger accessible by networked device for accounting of value ownership and transfer.
  • embodiments of the present invention as represented in the examples below may refer to Bitcoin as the cryptocurrency, it should be recognized that other cryptocurrencies may be substituted for Bitcoin.
  • Some embodiments of the present invention apply to a variety of cryptocurrencies and are not limited to just Bitcoin.
  • system shall refer to the components in communication for the creation of a user account, updating each user account in response to a transaction, communicating with a reserve of assets, and performing transactions with third-party asset exchanges (e.g. Bitcoin to USD etc.).
  • third-party asset exchanges e.g. Bitcoin to USD etc.
  • the system may be composed of one or more servers and may be organized as a distributed system wherein functionality is logically separated and require one or more processing
  • the system will include at least a transaction server and can also include a reserve server, one or more asset exchange servers, a user account server etc.
  • the system may also include one or more data storage systems, such as, a user account database, a transaction database, and a reserve database.
  • Internal cryptocurrency address shall refer to a cryptocurrency address that is associated with sub-accounts of the system and whose private key is under the control of the system.
  • External cryptocurrency address shall refer to a cryptocurrency address outside of the system whose private key is not controlled by the system.
  • a user of the system may control both an external cryptocurrency address and an account whose sub-accounts have cryptocurrency addresses associated with the system and whose private keys are controlled by the system.
  • Crypto currency is input to an account within the system from the external cryptocurrency address.
  • a user may create an account with the system and transfer cryptocurrency into the system to a cryptocurrency address whose private key is under the control of the system. As such, the cryptocurrency is no longer under the control of the end user, however, the system maintains an accounting of the inputted cryptocurrency.
  • a real-world "asset” shall refer to fiat currency (e.g. USD, Yen, Pounds etc.), a commodity (e.g. gold, silver, etc.), a security (i.e. an equity stake of ownership of a company) or bond (an instrument of indebtedness), or another item that can be valued and then exchanged for
  • fiat currency e.g. USD, Yen, Pounds etc.
  • a commodity e.g. gold, silver, etc.
  • a security i.e. an equity stake of ownership of a company
  • bond an instrument of indebtedness
  • a "virtual asset” shall refer to a representation of an asset in digital form that is associated with an account holder's sub-account.
  • the virtual asset or cryptocurrency is an obligation of the system operator to the account holder (a liability).
  • the value of the virtual asset is substantiated by a reserve of assets where the assets in the reserve correspond to the aggregate of virtual assets in the system's users' accounts.
  • a "virtual asset holder” is a user having an account with one or more sub-accounts with a balance of virtual assets.
  • association or associated shall mean that there is a relationship between objects.
  • An association is not necessarily an indication of ownership.
  • a user may have a system account that is associated with cryptocurrency.
  • the association does not necessarily indicate that the user owns the cryptocurrency.
  • the association is a representation of an obligation owed to the user by the system.
  • ownership of cryptocurrency that enters the system is transferred from the user to the system.
  • the user's account is associated with cryptocurrency, the association of which may be referred to as virtual cryptocurrency.
  • the system may own the cryptocurrency.
  • a user can access the IPWe platform, which incorporates a payment system of using fiat currency to pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • any commodity money could be used to pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • any tangible or intangible good (such as any commodity) could be used to pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • a person can directly pay fiat currency to participate, pay, or fund the ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • an investor person can invest in an ICO which allows payment through any medium, such as using credit card, PayPal, check, wire transfer, calling on the phone to give credit card information, bartering, etc.
  • Figure 1 is a flow diagram of an ICO using the IPWe platform.
  • a company would register with the platform 101.
  • the Platform internally evaluates the corporation trust level for the benefit of investors 102.
  • the corporation would provide a proposed publication, whitepaper, or other information including token value, rules or limitations on the ICO 103.
  • the platform would publish the proposed terms for all registered uses to comment 104.
  • the corporation would update its offering based on the public comments 105.
  • the Platform would generate a smart contract that allows users to submit funds in USD, or via other fiat payment method consistent with the terms of the ICO 106.
  • the platform would issue the appropriate currency to the company through arbitrage of existing exchanges 107.
  • the platform would distribute the newly generated coin to the user account 108.
  • the platform would provide the user with a method to exchange, sell, or otherwise distribute the newly acquired token using arbitrage to determine value on existing indexes 109.
  • an investor can participate in an ICO using bartering.
  • an investor could simply give any commodity (gold, silver, etc.), and then the token/coin issuer can value the commodity (such as USD$100,000).
  • the platform could allow for barter in connection with investment in an ICO, and the value of a commodity could be based on any time.
  • the time could be when the person transfers the commodity, such as the mailing date.
  • the time could be when the token company receives the commodity.
  • the time could be when the person withdraws the money /tokens from the token company. The person or the token company can choose any date, for when the equivalent value of the commodity should be priced or taken.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.
  • An investor can offer any asset in exchange for a token 201.
  • the platform will analyze the exchange rate for the asset 202.
  • the platform submits the exchange offer to the investor 203.
  • the investor may choose to accept the offer 204. If the investor accepts, a smart contract will execute the exchange upon receipt of the asset from the investor 205.
  • the platform will issue the appropriate value to the company 206.
  • the platform will exchange or hold the asset as needed 207. Otherwise, if the investor decides not to accept the exchange rate, the platform does not conduct the exchange.
  • the person can use social media, and directly pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale through social media, such as Facebook, Linkedln, Instagram, Twitter, etc.
  • person does not have to go directly to the website of the token company to pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • a person could use any third party website (or medium) to pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.
  • An investor can offer any asset in exchange for a token 301.
  • the platform will analyze the exchange rate for the asset 302.
  • the platform submits the exchange offer to the investor 303.
  • the investor may choose to accept the offer 304.
  • If the investor accepts, a smart contract will execute the exchange upon receipt of the asset from the investor 305.
  • the platform will automatically find the appropriate exchange to convert the asset to the appropriate funding 306.
  • the smart contract will execute the exchange of the asset for the funding 307.
  • the funding will be issued to the company at the appropriate rate 308. Any excess will be kept for platform management 309.
  • a person could use pre-existing tokens and coins to pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • a person could purchase tokens and coins for an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale directly from a digital asset broker (such as Coinbase) or from any digital asset exchange (such as Bittrex or Poloniex).
  • an investor could use an ATM machine to directly pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • the token company could exchange the fiat currency for tokens.
  • the token company can use arbitrage to convert the fiat currency to tokens.
  • the token company can convert the fiat currency (or any tangible or intangible good) directly into the company's unique token, without first converting the fiat currency into a cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum or Ether.
  • a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin or Ethereum or Ether.
  • the token company can first convert the fiat currency (or any tangible or intangible good) into a cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum or Ether. Second, then the token company can convert the cryptocurrency into the company ' s unique token.
  • the company is never required to convert the fiat currency (or any tangible or intangible good).
  • the company may choose to simply never convert the fiat currency. For example, a person may deposit USD $100,000 into company A's token on January 1, 2018. Then, on
  • a group of people could jointly pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • a group of people a family of five people or five coworkers or five friends could pay by giving a diamond, gold, silver, fiat currency, etc. They could set it so they each get an equal 20%. Alternatively, they could set it so each person gets any set percentage, such as person 1 getting 50%, person 2 getting 20%, person 3 getting 15%, person 4 getting 8%, and person 5 getting 7%.
  • nonhumans could participate in the ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • a person could pay using fiat currency and give the ownership to their pet.
  • nonhumans could participate in the token exchanges, such as Bittrex or Poloniex.
  • Token exchanges could allow people to buy and sell during the ICO, crowdfunding, or presale.
  • a person could set it up so the fiat currency or tokens are owned by a trust, will, etc.
  • person could pay or fund an ICO, crowdfunding, presale, or token exchange (after the ICO is completed) on behalf of other people, without their permission.
  • a person could pay fiat currency as a gift for their friend or family or boyfriend or girlfriend. Verification of the person receiving the gift is not necessary. A driver license and picture of the person receiving the gift is not necessary.
  • FIG. 4 depicts an illustrative diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • An individual utilizes the platform to review and evaluate ICOs 401.
  • the individual utilizes any medium available to offer funding in exchange for tokens 402.
  • the offer includes a specific name and address of an owner of the distributed tokens 403.
  • the platform executes a smart contract that extracts the payment from the investor 404.
  • the platform further holds the funds for access by the owner 405.
  • the owner can then submit an identity verification to collect tokens at any time 406.
  • a person can directly pay fiat currency (or any tangible commodity or intangible good or commodity) to participate, pay, or fund a post-sale token exchange.
  • fiat currency or any tangible commodity or intangible good or commodity
  • a computer, network, or blockchain may deploy a smart contract.
  • a smart contract is computer code that implements transactions of a contract.
  • the computer code may be executed in a secure platform (e.g., an Ethereum platform) that supports recording transactions in blockchains.
  • the smart contract itself is recorded as a transaction in the blockchain using an identity token that is a hash (i.e., identity token) of the computer code so that the computer code that is executed can be authenticated.
  • a constructor of the smart contract executes initializing the smart contract and its state.
  • the state of a smart contract is stored persistently in the blockchain (e.g., via a Merkle tree).
  • a transaction When a transaction is recorded against a smart contract, a message is sent to the smart contract and the computer code of the smart contract executes to implement the transaction (e.g., debit a certain amount from the balance of an account).
  • the computer processes the code and ensures that all the terms of the contract are complied with before the transaction is recorded in the blockchain.
  • a smart contract may request an exchange of one type of cryptocurrency token to another.
  • the computer executes code to determine the exchange rate and transfers the correct amount of tokens to and from the correct accounts.
  • Miners may manage the blockchain, whereas the managing may include, for example, validating a smart contract containing transactions according to specific rules, updating the blockchain with a validated smart contract and update the blockchain with a transaction that is executed according to the smart contract, determine that a suggested smart contract is invalid, determine that a transaction is not according to a smart contract, and the like.
  • a smart contract may be accompanied by a digital certificate, or a digital signature which contains information regarding the source of the transaction.
  • the computer, network, or blockchain will validate this information and determine the authenticity of the source of the transaction prior to deploying the smart contract.
  • the smart contract may determine the rules for evaluating a token price and an initial status of the token (such as the reserve of the token) and any other rules that should be applied during a transaction.
  • a block chain provides numerous advantages over traditional databases. A large number of nodes of a block chain may reach a consensus regarding the validity of a transaction contained on the transaction ledger.
  • the blockchain typically has two primary types of records.
  • the first type is the transaction type, which consists of the actual data stored in the block chain.
  • the second type is the block type, which are records that confirm when and in what sequence certain transactions became recorded as part of the block chain.
  • Transactions are created by participants using the block chain in its normal course of business, for example, when someone sends cryptocurrency to another person), and blocks are created by users known as "miners" who use specialized software/equipment to create blocks.
  • the block chain system disclosed, SS the number of miners in the current system are known and the system comprises primary sponsors that generate and create the new blocks of the system. As such, any block may be worked on by a primary sponsor.
  • a "valid" transaction is one that can be validated based on a set of rules that are defined by the particular system implementing the block chain. For example, in the case of cryptocurrencies, a valid transaction is one that is digitally signed, spent from a valid digital wallet and, in some cases, that meets other criteria.
  • the Network is made up of a plurality of nodes, each node connected to another node in the plurality of nodes, having the ability to pass data to each of the connected plurality of nodes. At least one node of the plurality of nodes is connected to an existing blockchain. Using this existing blockchain, the decentralized transactions can take place.
  • FIG. 5 depicts one aspect of the present invention. Specifically, the illustration shows the interconnection of each node 501 in a distributed decentralized network 500.
  • each node 501 in the distributed network 500 is directly connected to at least two other nodes 502. This allows each node 501 to transact with at least one other node 501 in the network.
  • each transaction (or a block of transactions) is incorporated, confirmed, verified, included, or otherwise validated into the blockchain via a consensus protocol.
  • Consensus is a dynamic method of reaching agreement regarding any transaction that occurs in a decentralized system.
  • a distributed hierarchical registry is provided for device discovery and communication.
  • the distributed hierarchical registry comprises a plurality of registry groups at a first level of the hierarchical registry, each registry group comprising a plurality of registry servers.
  • the plurality of registry servers in a registry group provide services comprising receiving client update information from client devices, and responding to client lookup requests from client devices.
  • the plurality of registry servers in each of the plurality of registry groups provide the services using, at least in part, a quorum consensus protocol.
  • a method for device discovery and communication using a distributed hierarchical registry.
  • the method comprises Broadcasting a request to identify a registry server, receiving a response from a registry server, and sending client update information to the registry server.
  • the registry server is part of a registry group of the distributed hierarchical registry, and the registry group comprises a plurality of registry servers.
  • the registry server updates other registry servers of the registry group with the client update information using, at least in part, a quorum consensus protocol.
  • a computer-readable medium comprising computer executable instructions for causing a client device to perform a method for device discovery
  • the registry server is part of a registry group of the distributed hierarchical registry, where the registry group comprises a plurality of registry servers.
  • the registry server updates other registry servers of the registry group with the client update information using, at least in part, a quorum consensus protocol.
  • the system is further able to conserve network and computing resources by securely storing information associated with user data, preventing potential malicious activity involving such information, conserving bandwidth, memory, and computation resources.
  • a digital wallet is software and hardware (or specifically designed hardware) that allows an individual to make electronic commerce transactions that use, a blockchain.
  • the digital wallet is a data structure that can include a private key (e.g., that is only known to the holder of the wallet) and a series of identifiers (sometimes called wallet identifiers, blockchain identifier, or walletlDs herein) that have been generated based on the private key. These identifiers are used to allow other users to "send" transactions, which are recorded on the blockchain, to that identifier. For example, the above novation process creates two blockchain transactions for a trade between Publisher (“Party A”) and the distributed decentralized network administrator ("Party B").
  • a first blockchain transaction may be from the wallet of party A to the wallet of the Party B.
  • a second blockchain transaction may be from the wallet of the Party B to a wallet of party A.
  • These transactions may be separately generated and submitted to the blockchain.
  • the blockchain may only have one "wallet" that is being used for interacting with the blockchain.
  • Other types of implementations may also be possible (e.g., where different parties, or their respective computer systems, use their own keys for a central blockchain).
  • the wallets may be centrally managed by the distributed decentralized network computer system that the parties associated with the trade. However, the transactions recorded to the blockchain may still be signed by or otherwise associated with the individual wallets of the patent stakeholders.
  • the invention may also be implemented in a computer program for running on a computer system, at least including code portions for performing steps of a method according to the invention when run on a programmable apparatus, such as a computer system or enabling a programmable apparatus to perform functions of a device or system according to the invention.
  • the computer program may cause the storage system to allocate disk drives to disk drive groups.
  • a computer program is a list of instructions such as a particular application program or an operating system.
  • the computer program may for instance include one or more of: a subroutine, a function, a procedure, an object method, an object implementation, an executable application, an applet, a servlet, a source code, an object code, a shared library/dynamic load library or other sequence of instructions designed for execution on a computer system.
  • the computer program may be stored internally on a non-transitory computer readable medium. All or some of the computer program may be provided on computer readable media permanently, removably or remotely coupled to an information processing system.
  • the computer readable media may include, for example and without limitation, any number of the following: magnetic storage media including disk and tape storage media; optical storage media such as compact disk media (e.g., CD-ROM, CD-R, etc.) and digital video disk storage media; nonvolatile memory storage media including semiconductor-based memory units such as FLASH memory, EEPROM, EPROM, ROM; ferromagnetic digital memories; MRAM; volatile storage media including registers, buffers or caches, main memory, RAM, etc.
  • a computer process typically includes an executing (running) program or portion of a program, current program values and state information, and the resources used by the operating system to manage the execution of the process.
  • An operating system is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer and provides programmers with an interface used to access those resources.
  • An operating system processes system data and user input and responds by allocating and managing tasks and internal system resources as a service to users and programs of the system.
  • the computer system may for instance include at least one processing unit, associated memory and a number of input/output (I/O) devices.
  • I/O input/output
  • the computer system processes information according to the computer program and produces resultant output information via I/O devices.
  • the present technology requires a data processing system with sufficient memory and processing power to store and recall user data in real time.
  • the invention may be implemented in a computer program for running on a computer system, at least including code portions for performing steps of a method according to the invention when run on a programmable apparatus, such as a computer system or enabling a programmable apparatus to perform functions of a device or system according to the invention.
  • the computer program may cause the storage system to allocate disk drives to disk drive groups.
  • the distributed decentralized network discussed herein must be capable of analyzing user and bid data in a manner that can optimize the bidding process.
  • Any reference in the specification to a method should be applied mutatis mutandis to a system capable of executing the method and should be applied mutatis mutandis to a non-transitory computer readable medium that stores instructions that once executed by a computer result in the execution of the method.
  • Any reference in the specification to a system should be applied mutatis mutandis to a method that may be executed by the system and should be applied mutatis mutandis to a non- transitory computer readable medium that stores instructions that may be executed by the system.
  • Any reference in the specification to a non-transitory computer readable medium should be applied mutatis mutandis to a system capable of executing the instructions stored in the non- transitory computer readable medium and should be applied mutatis mutandis to method that may be executed by a computer that reads the instructions stored in the non-transitory computer readable medium.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de paiement consistant à utiliser n'importe quel actif de valeur, y compris la monnaie fiduciaire, pour payer ou financer une ICO, un financement participatif ou une prévente. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, toute monnaie marchandise pourrait être utilisée pour payer ou financer une ICO, un financement participatif ou une prévente. En variante, tout bien matériel ou immatériel (tel qu'une marchandise quelconque) pourrait être utilisé pour payer ou financer une ICO, un financement participatif ou une prévente. Une personne (ou une société ou toute entité) peut payer directement la monnaie fiduciaire pour payer ou financer l'ICO, le financement participatif ou la prévente ou y participer. La personne peut payer par le biais de n'importe quel support, par exemple par carte de crédit, via PayPal, par chèque, par virement bancaire, au moyen d'un appel téléphonique pour fournir des informations de carte de crédit, par troc, etc.
PCT/US2018/059174 2017-10-23 2018-11-05 Système de paiement d'ico, de financement participatif et de prévente utilisant une monnaie alternative WO2019084571A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/758,395 US20200265518A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-11-05 ICO and crowdfunding and presale payment system using alternative currency
PCT/US2018/061448 WO2019084574A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-11-16 Référentiel mondial des représentants légaux et de l'état de la technique et système de coopération entre des bureaux de brevets nationaux à l'échelle mondiale
CN201880076558.4A CN111684443A (zh) 2017-12-20 2018-12-06 去中心化的自主知识产权资产评估引擎
PCT/US2018/064186 WO2019100084A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-12-06 Moteur d'évaluation autonome décentralisé pour actifs de propriété intellectuelle
US16/758,400 US20200250780A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-12-06 Decentralized Autonomous Evaluation Engine for Intellectual Property Assets
US16/216,776 US20190258687A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-11 Automatically separating claim into elements/limitations and automatically finding art for each element/limitation
US16/257,006 US20190259114A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2019-01-24 System and method for quality based ranking of patents
US16/435,532 US20200159788A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2019-06-09 System and method of tokenizing patents
US17/508,959 US11947605B2 (en) 2017-12-20 2021-10-22 Automatically separating claim into elements/limitations and automatically finding art for each element/limitation
US18/072,628 US20230229716A1 (en) 2018-06-15 2022-11-30 System and method of tokenizing patents
US18/601,970 US20240346094A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2024-03-11 Automatically separating claim into elements/limitations and automatically finding art for each element/limitation

Applications Claiming Priority (50)

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US201762575610P 2017-10-23 2017-10-23
US62/575,610 2017-10-23
US201762576516P 2017-10-24 2017-10-24
US62/576,516 2017-10-24
US201762577253P 2017-10-26 2017-10-26
US62/577,253 2017-10-26
US201762579347P 2017-10-31 2017-10-31
US201762579172P 2017-10-31 2017-10-31
US62/579,172 2017-10-31
US62/579,347 2017-10-31
US201762582976P 2017-11-08 2017-11-08
US62/582,976 2017-11-08
US201762588350P 2017-11-19 2017-11-19
US62/588,350 2017-11-19
US201762588932P 2017-11-21 2017-11-21
US62/588,932 2017-11-21
US201762607919P 2017-12-20 2017-12-20
US62/607,919 2017-12-20
US201762610265P 2017-12-25 2017-12-25
US62/610,265 2017-12-25
US201862622922P 2018-01-28 2018-01-28
US62/622,922 2018-01-28
US201862622994P 2018-01-29 2018-01-29
US201862622987P 2018-01-29 2018-01-29
US62/622,987 2018-01-29
US62/622,994 2018-01-29
US201862660946P 2018-04-21 2018-04-21
US62/660,946 2018-04-21
US201862672697P 2018-05-17 2018-05-17
US62/672,697 2018-05-17
US201862685299P 2018-06-15 2018-06-15
US62/685,299 2018-06-15
US201862685937P 2018-06-16 2018-06-16
US201862685960P 2018-06-16 2018-06-16
US62/685,960 2018-06-16
US62/685,937 2018-06-16
US201862689241P 2018-06-24 2018-06-24
US62/689,241 2018-06-24
US201862695002P 2018-07-07 2018-07-07
US62/695,002 2018-07-07
US201862695126P 2018-07-08 2018-07-08
US62/695,126 2018-07-08
US201862696357P 2018-07-11 2018-07-11
US62/696,357 2018-07-11
PCT/US2018/056690 WO2019083837A2 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-10-19 Système et procédé de propriété ip et d'enregistrement ip par l'intermédiaire d'une plate-forme transactionnelle à chaîne de blocs
USPCT/US2018/056690 2018-10-19
PCT/US2018/056884 WO2019083889A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-10-22 Système et procédé de gestion du risque associé à un brevet
USPCT/US2018/056884 2018-10-22
PCT/US2018/057062 WO2019083974A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-10-23 Plateforme de recherche et d'analyse de pi collaborative avec incubateur virtuel et système automatisé d'évaluation de brevet
USPCT/US2018/057062 2018-10-23

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US16/758,384 Continuation-In-Part US20200250778A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-10-22 System and Method for Managing Patent Risk
PCT/US2018/056884 Continuation-In-Part WO2019083889A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-10-22 Système et procédé de gestion du risque associé à un brevet
US16/758,392 Continuation-In-Part US20200250776A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-10-23 Crowdsourced and social media ip search and analytics platform with startup/industry partnerships and virtual incubator/accelerator including automated patent valuation system
PCT/US2018/057062 Continuation-In-Part WO2019083974A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-10-23 Plateforme de recherche et d'analyse de pi collaborative avec incubateur virtuel et système automatisé d'évaluation de brevet
PCT/US2018/061448 Continuation-In-Part WO2019084574A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-11-16 Référentiel mondial des représentants légaux et de l'état de la technique et système de coopération entre des bureaux de brevets nationaux à l'échelle mondiale
US16/758,398 Continuation-In-Part US20200250779A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-11-16 Worldwide Prior Art and Legal Representative Repository and System for Cooperation Between Worldwide National Patent Offices

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US16/758,392 Continuation-In-Part US20200250776A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-10-23 Crowdsourced and social media ip search and analytics platform with startup/industry partnerships and virtual incubator/accelerator including automated patent valuation system
PCT/US2018/057062 Continuation-In-Part WO2019083974A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-10-23 Plateforme de recherche et d'analyse de pi collaborative avec incubateur virtuel et système automatisé d'évaluation de brevet
US16/758,395 A-371-Of-International US20200265518A1 (en) 2017-10-23 2018-11-05 ICO and crowdfunding and presale payment system using alternative currency
PCT/US2018/061448 Continuation-In-Part WO2019084574A1 (fr) 2017-10-23 2018-11-16 Référentiel mondial des représentants légaux et de l'état de la technique et système de coopération entre des bureaux de brevets nationaux à l'échelle mondiale

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