WO2019083404A1 - Dispositif pour réguler la transmission de chaleur - Google Patents

Dispositif pour réguler la transmission de chaleur

Info

Publication number
WO2019083404A1
WO2019083404A1 PCT/RU2018/000550 RU2018000550W WO2019083404A1 WO 2019083404 A1 WO2019083404 A1 WO 2019083404A1 RU 2018000550 W RU2018000550 W RU 2018000550W WO 2019083404 A1 WO2019083404 A1 WO 2019083404A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
lower plate
upper plate
heat
coefficient
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2018/000550
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Сергеевич ПРИМАКОВ
Original Assignee
Сергей Сергеевич ПРИМАКОВ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Сергей Сергеевич ПРИМАКОВ filed Critical Сергей Сергеевич ПРИМАКОВ
Publication of WO2019083404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019083404A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/35—Foundations formed in frozen ground, e.g. in permafrost soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction and relates to the implementation of thermal measures aimed at regulating the heat flux on the surface of soils, structures, equipment, depending on the ambient temperature.
  • heat engines of various designs are used for cooling, requiring the application of an energy source and cooling radiators.
  • These devices include, for example, chillers. Such devices allow you to cool the surface to temperatures below ambient temperature.
  • various types of liquid and air cooling systems are used for cooling, equipped with cooling radiators and circulation pumps, where air or liquid acts as a refrigerant. Such devices allow you to cool the surface to a temperature not lower than the ambient temperature.
  • Another type of cooling machines are heat pumps that operate on the principle of natural convection.
  • SOU seasonally operating cooling devices
  • ammonia carbon dioxide (in the case of vapor-liquid devices) or kerosene, etc.
  • kerosene etc.
  • the operation of the device is similar to the nipple for the heat flow, namely, by reducing ambient temperature below the temperature of the cooled array of soil is the transfer of heat from the soil to the environment due to which there is a cooling of the soil.
  • the refrigerant circulation in the device stops, the heat transfer stops, which prevents the soil from heating.
  • sun-shielding canopies of Professor V.G. Kondratieff.
  • Known canopies are intended for additional cooling of the array of soils, which is achieved mainly due to the fact that in the summer under them no precipitations and sun rays penetrate (Engineering Geology, jVs 4/2015, p.57).
  • a well-known sun shade cover for lowering the temperature of frozen soils (“Science and technology of pipeline transportation of oil and oil products” N ° 2 (22), 2016, p.70) in the form of a wooden frame of pillars, bars and boards, flooring of profiled metal sheets on the crate from boards and a layer of synthetic fabric.
  • a disadvantage of the known overhang is the inability to regulate the total heat transfer coefficient through the structure depending on the ambient temperature, reduction of heat flow from the soil to the environment due to a decrease in wind speed and snow application under the screen, as well as the lack of mobility of this device, since it is made on the foundation of bars and has a sufficiently large size for transportation.
  • the sun-shielded canopy (patent ⁇ ° 2209270, Russian Federation) is known from a predominantly galvanized profiled flooring and frost-resistant insulation material, with the sun-shielding canopy placed around the support in a zone with a radius not less than the depth of seasonal ground thawing and has a height not less than the maximum thickness of the snow cover, but not less than 0.5 m, with the upper surface of the canopy painted in reflecting light.
  • a disadvantage of the known device is the inability to control the total heat transfer coefficient through the structure depending on the ambient temperature.
  • the known device has several disadvantages, such as lack of mobility, lack of moving parts, which reduces the cooling efficiency, because in the winter period prevents the outflow of heat from the ground due to the air gap under the screen and reduced wind speed under the screen, and, therefore, the convective component heat exchange, as well as the risk of snow-laying of the structure with the formation of an air bag under the screen, which also leads to a decrease in cooling efficiency.
  • a large screen height reduces the degree of shading of the soil under the screen and increases the effect of direct and diffuse radiation on the base soil.
  • the technical problem of the claimed invention is the regulation of heat transfer through the new design of the device depending on the ambient temperature and the possibility of mobility of the proposed installation.
  • the technical result of the invention is the ability to change the heat flux depending on the ambient temperature with the difference that the change in the heat flux is achieved not by convection as in the LDS, but by linear thermal expansion of individual elements of the proposed design, which leads to a change in the overall heat transfer coefficient through the body of the structure due to the temporary formation of a sunscreen, which results in a decrease in the temperature of the soil a, structures or equipment.
  • the device for regulating heat transfer is made in the form of a bottom plate mated to the surface and the top plate tightly pressed to the bottom plate, the plates are aligned with each other and rigidly fixed along two short opposite edges, the bottom plate being made of material having greater flexural rigidity and lower coefficient of thermal expansion, the upper plate is made of material having lower flexural rigidity and greater coefficient of thermal of expansion, relative to the bottom plate, the top plate is covered on the outside layer of polytetrafluorethylene light colors, while the lower plate is attached to the surface by means of fixing elements.
  • the stated technical problem is solved by a new design of the device for regulating heat transfer.
  • the new design of the proposed device forms a sunscreen only when it reaches a certain temperature. This effect arises due to two circumstances. Firstly: due to the fact that the upper plate has a significantly greater coefficient of linear thermal expansion than the lower plate, therefore there is a difference in elongation between the upper and lower plates. Secondly: due to the fact that the bending stiffness of the upper plate is much smaller than the bending stiffness of the lower plate, and the plates are rigidly fixed to each other at opposite edges, the difference in elongation is compensated for by bending the upper plate and forming the arch relative to the lower plate.
  • the formed arch creates shading of the lower plate and reduces heat due to solar radiation, and also creates an air gap between the upper and lower plates, which reduces the conductive heat transfer between the upper heated plate and the lower plate, and the small height of the arch reduces the wind speed between the upper and lower plates, which reduces convective heat transfer from the air to the lower plate.
  • the total total heat transfer coefficient of the entire structure is reduced.
  • the height of the arch decreases to zero due to the difference in the coefficients of linear thermal expansion between the upper plate and the lower plate.
  • the outer layer of the upper plate made of a fluoroplastic of light colors makes it possible to reduce the degree to which the structure is covered with snow, leaves or debris that impede the implementation heat exchange on the upper surface, and light tones of the fluoroplastic layer reduce the degree of heating due to radiation.
  • a certain (specified) temperature is meant the temperature at which an arch begins to form between the upper and lower plates.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for regulating heat transfer through a surface at a temperature equal to or below a predetermined temperature.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a device for controlling heat transfer through a surface at a temperature higher than a predetermined one.
  • a device for regulating heat transfer consists of a bottom plate 1 mating with the surface and an upper plate 2.
  • the upper plate 2 is tightly pressed to the lower plate 1.
  • the lower plate 1 and the upper plate 2 are aligned with each other and rigidly fixed at two short opposite edges.
  • the bottom plate 1 is made of a material having a greater bending stiffness and a lower coefficient of thermal expansion
  • the top plate 2 is made of a material having a lower bending stiffness and a greater coefficient of thermal expansion, relative to the bottom plate 1.
  • the top plate 2 is covered on the outside with a layer of bright colors 3, and the bottom plate 1 is attached to the surface with fasteners 4.
  • a device for regulating heat transfer is made as follows, the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are produced by cutting the same rectangular sheets of the required size. Moreover, the bottom plate 1 is cut out of material with greater bending stiffness and lower coefficient of thermal expansion, and the top plate 2 is cut out of material having less flexural rigidity and greater coefficient of thermal expansion, relative to the bottom plate 1. After that, the top plate 2 is covered on the outside with a layer of bright colors PTFE 3. The formed bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are placed in series one on another in such a way that they are parallel to each other. After laying them tightly pressed to each other without an air gap, and firmly fixed on two short opposite edges. Subsequently, the arch will be formed at certain temperatures.
  • the finished device for regulating heat transfer is installed on the original surface, for example, soil, structures or equipment, while the bottom plate 1 is attached to the surface with fasteners 4.
  • the resulting device for controlling heat transfer is a single design with high heat transfer rates at temperatures below the set and low heat transfer rates at specified temperatures, and also has the ability to mobility through the use of fasteners instead of foundations and small dimensions of the device.
  • plates are made with dimensions of 100 cm long and 20 cm wide.
  • the bottom plate is cut, for example, from porcelain stoneware 5 mm thick, the top one, for example, from polyethylene 5 mm thick.
  • a sheet of fluoroplastic 1 mm thick, 100 cm long and 20 cm wide, is attached to a polyethylene plate on top of it.
  • PTFE covers the plate of polyethylene completely.
  • the top plate of polyethylene with a fluoroplastic layer combines with the bottom plate of porcelain stoneware and is rigidly fixed along short opposite sides of 20 cm from the top with bolts 10 cm long through through holes in the plates, and from the bottom they are tightened with nuts through grover-washers.
  • a bolt of 40 cm protrudes below the porcelain stoneware plate. Subsequently, it plays the role of fasteners to the ground or to a different surface and is shortened if necessary. Drilling through holes and fixing the plates to each other with bolts is carried out at a plate temperature of 0 °. The finished design stuck protruding parts of the bolts in the slope of the embankment of the railway or other surface.
  • the upper plate is heated above zero degrees due to air, solar radiation, or any other natural or man-made factors, the upper plastic plate increases in length relative to the lower plate of porcelain stoneware and, being rigidly fixed with the latter, bends upwards, forming an arch thereby creating a sunscreen.
  • the heat transfer from the top plate to the bottom decreases due to the lack of direct contact between the plates, as well as due to the appearance of an air gap between the plates, which is a heat insulator, and also due to a decrease in solar radiation due to the sunscreen created by bending the top plate.
  • the heat flux from the atmosphere to the soil surface decreases.
  • the materials and the dimensions of the plates are selected in such a way that the thickness of the air gap during the formation of the arch does not allow for the effective blowing of the upper surface of the lower plate due to the high aerodynamic resistance of the cross section of the structure.
  • the free ends allow superheated air to rise from under the top plate at a low speed, replacing it with colder layers.
  • the fluoroplastic layer plays the role of a reflector to increase the albedo of the panel surface and reduce the influence of solar radiation on the heating of the upper plate.
  • the fluoroplastic layer plays the role of a surface with a low coefficient of sliding friction, which reduces the snowing of the panel, especially when it is slant mounted on the slope of the embankment and, as a result, provides a higher degree of cooling of the soil due to a decrease in thermal resistance due to the reduction of snow on the surface its later formation and its earlier gathering in the spring.
  • This design is mobile and can be transferred at any time to another area or to another surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif pour réguler la transmission de chaleur concerne le domaine de la construction et porte sur la réalisation de mesure d'isolation thermique visant à réguler le flux thermique à la surface des sols, des ouvrages, des équipements en fonction de la température ambiante. Le dispositif pour réguler la transmission de chaleur est constitué d'une plaquette inférieure qui rejoint la surface et d'une plaquette supérieure. La plaquette supérieure est comprimée fermement contre la plaquette inférieure. Les plaquettes supérieure et inférieure sont reliées entre elles et sont fixées rigidement par leurs bords opposés courts. La plaquette inférieure est réalisée à partir d'un matériau possédant une plus grande rigidité à la flexion et un moindre coefficient de dilatation thermique, et la plaquette supérieure est réalisée à partir d'un matériau possédant une moindre rigidité à la flexion et un plus grand coefficient de dilatation thermique. La plaquette supérieure est recouverte depuis le haut avec une couche de fluoropolymère dans les tons clairs, et la plaquette inférieure se fixe à la surface au moyen d'éléments de fixation. Le résultat technique consiste à réguler la transmission de chaleur via la structure du dispositif en fonction de la température ambiante et de la différence de résistance à la courbure et du coefficient de dilatation thermique des plaquettes supérieure et inférieure, de sorte à assurer le caractère mobile de l'installation.
PCT/RU2018/000550 2017-10-25 2018-08-21 Dispositif pour réguler la transmission de chaleur WO2019083404A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2017137439 2017-10-25
RU2017137439 2017-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019083404A1 true WO2019083404A1 (fr) 2019-05-02

Family

ID=66247952

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2018/000550 WO2019083404A1 (fr) 2017-10-25 2018-08-21 Dispositif pour réguler la transmission de chaleur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2019083404A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2209270C1 (ru) * 2002-12-19 2003-07-27 Кондратьев Валентин Георгиевич Опора контактной сети, возводимая на пучинистых грунтах
CN102535526A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2012-07-04 淄博高新区联创科技服务中心 北方农房建筑基础防治冻害方法
CN204551146U (zh) * 2015-03-23 2015-08-12 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司 浮置板用减振垫

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2209270C1 (ru) * 2002-12-19 2003-07-27 Кондратьев Валентин Георгиевич Опора контактной сети, возводимая на пучинистых грунтах
CN102535526A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2012-07-04 淄博高新区联创科技服务中心 北方农房建筑基础防治冻害方法
CN204551146U (zh) * 2015-03-23 2015-08-12 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司 浮置板用减振垫

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