WO2019079873A1 - Embeddable block for civil construction - Google Patents

Abstract

This is a utility model pertaining to the technological sector of civil construction and relates to an embeddable block (1) provided with longitudinal projections (2) and indentations (4) of specific format. This arrangement allows precise embedding with controlled use of mortar or the equivalent thereof between adjacent elements such as to confer ease of control of variables, such as level, perpendicularity and alignment. The aim of the block is to provide the aforementioned advantages since, by virtue of the trapezoidal angular arrangement of the longitudinal projections (2) and indentations (4), there is no need to perform a series of controls and corrections at the corners of the embedded elements. The block (1) makes it possible to use less mortar or fewer fixing elements in the embedding regions. The type of embedding solves two known prior art problems: the production of elements for embedding blocks in traditional industrial technology, and the provision of a space for placing mortar or the like such as to connect the blocks satisfactorily.

Description

LOCKING BLOCK FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION Utility model technological sector

The present utility model belongs to the technological sector of civil construction and specifically refers to a plug-in block with protrusions and cavities of specific shape, which allow, in addition to precise fitting, the volume control of mortar or equivalent to make the union between the blocks and still facilitate the control of the variables of level, plumb and alignment.

State of the art known

Currently, with the continuous advancement of civil construction technologies, factors such as execution time and material economy are decisive variables when choosing the techniques and materials to be adopted in each project. However, in addition to offering agility and economy in the works, these technologies must have a level of safety.

More specifically, the blocks and bricks, which are elements widely used in this field as materials with the sealing function, have been developed continuously over time, being offered to the market several options with different characteristics. Each one has one or more of a function that characterizes them, and as these characteristics serve for a specific use in the works.

Of the total costs involved in a work approximately 60% are due to the building materials. The other 40%, related to labor, are impacted by the choice of materials. Therefore, in deciding the materials - even if they have the same cost - the total cost of the work is modified. In the case of the choice of the brick several reflexes are due to its characteristic attributes: the greater weight of the brick increases the values with transport, in the expense with structure and in the amount spent with labor; the size of the brick impacts the productivity of the workforce; the shape of the brick reflects in weight, transport and laying labor. Therefore, each brick has characteristics and use determined by the specific need of the work.

Alternatives representing the current state of the art and which are described in patent documents can be analyzed, as in the case of Utility Model No. MU 8002049-6 U, entitled "BRICK WITH FITTING". The solution proposed in the document in question has a block provided with longitudinal locking elements that allow the alignment of adjacent blocks with ease. Such priority, although proposed to allow easy fitting between the blocks, does not provide for the place to place the mortar or equivalent. It occurs that the mortar takes up space and has volume. In the plans and views it is clearly observed that, if mortar or equivalent were placed in the recesses, the fitting would not be possible. In fact, the mortar would prevent the fitting of the blocks. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the design of this block provides straight angles and sharp corners which increase the chance of breaking of the block during production, transport and placement. Further to this drawing problem is the deformation of the blocks in the drying and production, which causes differences in size between the engaging elements. In this way, with this drawing in living corners any difference makes difficult, if not prevents, the adjustment between the blocks.

There is also utility model no. MU 8100183-5 U "EXCUSED FITTING BRICK" which presents a brick with extensions with straight angles of the male and female type that fit together, allowing the union of several bricks of this type, dispensing the use of mortar. Despite the aforementioned facilities, the technology cited above reveals a complex production, requiring high control of the angles of the male and female fittings in order to ensure that such fittings have precise dimensions so as to fit without gap, precision incompatible with the construction civil. In addition, because it is a massive brick, it presents considerable weight, which makes difficult its transport and impacts the expense with the structure. The non-use of mortar or equivalent for joining the elements is not the practice of the construction market.

Finally, utility model no. MU 8900048-0 U2 "LAJOTA OR BRICK WITH FITTING MALE AND FEMALE WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS" is presented. This anteriority reveals an element with male and female type fittings, conformed in right angles and sharp corners. In the same way as the previous mentioned above, this model reveals production problems in relation to the control of the right angles and their fittings.

Having reviewed these points, and from all the drawbacks in the systems and equipment currently used and described above in the state of the art, a gap is visible for the creation of a plug-in block provided with protrusions and longitudinal cavities, of specific shape , which has no live corners, has a tolerance to the groove and has a delimited and specific space forecast for mortar placement or equivalent for joining between the blocks. A product is not known in the market that is designed with these attributes and still provides ease in the control of variables of level, plumb and alignment.

Novelties and objects of the invention

Currently, with the continuous advancement of civil construction technologies, factors such as execution time and material economy are decisive variables when choosing the techniques and materials to be adopted in each project. However, in addition to offering agility and economy in the works, these technologies must have a level of safety.

More specifically, the blocks and bricks, which are elements widely used in this field as materials with the sealing function, have been developed continuously over time, being offered to the market several options with different characteristics. Each one has one or more of a function that characterizes them, and as these characteristics serve for a specific use in the works.

Of the total costs involved in a work approximately 60% are due to the building materials. The other 40%, related to labor, are impacted by the choice of materials. Therefore, in deciding the materials - even if they have the same cost - the total cost of the work is modified. In the case of the choice of the brick several reflexes are due to its characteristic attributes: the greater weight of the brick increases the values with transport, in the expense with structure and in the amount spent with labor; the size of the brick impacts the productivity of the workforce; the shape of the brick reflects in weight, transport and laying labor. Therefore, each brick has characteristics and use determined by the specific need of the work.

Alternatives representing the current state of the art and which are described in patent documents can be analyzed, as in the case of Utility Model No. MU 8002049-6 U, entitled "BRICK WITH FITTING". The solution proposed in the document in question has a block provided with longitudinal locking elements that allow the alignment of adjacent blocks with ease. Such priority, although proposed to allow easy fitting between the blocks, does not provide for the place to place the mortar or equivalent. It occurs that the mortar takes up space and has volume. In the plans and views it is clearly observed that, if mortar or equivalent were placed in the recesses, the fitting would not be possible. In fact, the mortar would prevent the fitting of the blocks. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the design of this block provides straight angles and sharp corners which increase the chance of breaking of the block during production, transport and placement. Further to this drawing problem is the deformation of the blocks in the drying and production, which causes differences in size between the engaging elements. In this way, with this drawing in living corners any difference makes difficult, if not prevents, the adjustment between the blocks.

There is also utility model no. MU 8100183-5 U "EXCUSED FITTING BRICK" which presents a brick with extensions with straight angles of the male and female type that fit together, allowing the union of several bricks of this type, dispensing the use of mortar. Despite the aforementioned facilities, the technology cited above reveals a complex production, requiring high control of the angles of the male and female fittings in order to ensure that such fittings have precise dimensions so as to fit without gap, precision incompatible with the construction civil. In addition, because it is a massive brick, it presents considerable weight, which makes difficult its transport and impacts the expense with the structure. The non-use of mortar or equivalent for joining the elements is not the practice of the construction market.

Finally, utility model no. MU 8900048-0 U2 "LAJOTA OR BRICK WITH FITTING MALE AND FEMALE WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS" is presented. This anteriority reveals an element with male and female type fittings, conformed in right angles and sharp corners. In the same way as the previous mentioned above, this model reveals production problems in relation to the control of the right angles and their fittings.

Having reviewed these points, and from all the drawbacks in the systems and equipment currently used and described above in the state of the art, a gap is visible for the creation of a plug-in block provided with protrusions and longitudinal cavities, of specific shape , which has no live corners, has a tolerance to the groove and has a delimited and specific space forecast for mortar placement or equivalent for joining between the blocks. A product is not known in the market that is designed with these attributes and still provides ease in the control of variables of level, plumb and alignment.

Description of the attached images

In order that the present utility model is fully understood and practiced by any technician in this technological sector, it will be described in a clear, concise and sufficient manner, based on the attached drawings, which illustrate and subsidize the following listed :

Fig.1

                         [Fig. 1]  represents the lockable block from a front view, showing the locking regions.

Fig.2

                         [Fig. 2]  represents the joint region formed between two blocks, evidencing the region of high fixation, place delimited for placement of the mortar or equivalent.

Fig.3

                         [Fig. 3] represents the engageable block seen in perspective.

Fig.4

                         [Fig. 4]  represents an example of mounting the lockable blocks seen in perspective.

Fig.5

                        [Fig. 5]  represents variant of the engageable block from a front view, showing the additional engagement regions.

Fig.6

                         [Fig. 6]  represents the improvement aspect of the erythema of the dark circles after the application of the pharmaceutical composition of second use, as proposed herein.

Fig.7

                        [Fig. 7]  represents variant of the plug-in block seen in perspective.

Fig.8

                         [Fig. 8]  represents an example of mounting the lockable blocks seen in perspective.

Detailed description of utility model

In order that the present plug-in building block 1 is fully understood and practiced by any one skilled in the subject in that technological sector, it will be described in detail below.

In order to achieve the desired benefits of the present solution, the plug-in block 1 must be basically provided with at least one longitudinal projection, preferably two longitudinal projections 2 arranged in the upper region of the block 1 having grooves therebetween (3), also longitudinal, in order to promote the increase in the area of contact with the mortar or any equivalent fixation product. In the lower part of the block 1, two longitudinal cavities 4, complementary to the protrusions 2 of the upper region, must be arranged, each having the same grooves 3, so that when the insert is the upper and lower grooves 3 engage a high fixation between the blocks 1 forming a high fixation region 7, as can be seen in figure 2.

More specifically, the grooves 3 are arranged on the upper and lower faces of the block 1 in order to adjust the porosity of the mortars or any other fastening means used. Thus, this area of contact between two blocks (1) helps to fix, more efficiently, and the construction performed presents greater safety.

The protrusions (2) and the longitudinal cavities (4) must be formed in a trapezoid form with a larger base always facing the opposite side of the base of the lower face, with the upper inner angles for both of them varying from 95 to 160 degrees, preferably from 110 ° to 130 °, even more preferably 120 degrees, being obligatorily greater than 90 degrees, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. It is important to note that this arrangement of two blocks (1) through male-type fittings in which said recesses (2) (4) are trapezoidal, according to detail A , consist of an essential feature of the present object of protection. This arrangement causes the mortar or equivalent to work in compression when lateral loads are exerted on the block (1).

The layout of the detail B causes the production process of the block 1 to meet the requirements of the current industrial production, since adjustments in the defects of the edges caused by the slippage of the ceramic during the production steps are not necessary. Moreover, such a constructive arrangement allows a quicker and safer engagement between the blocks (1) during the construction processes. Another key factor for angulations in the longitudinal projections (2) and cavities (4) is that the mortar or fixing element has room to move within the engagement region, causing a complete filling of the entire engagement area contact and avoiding the formation of air bubbles and unwanted roughness.

In addition, the side walls of the blocks may have grooves (5) in order to ensure safer handling to the user during construction, avoiding risks of falling, and, in addition, allow a better fixation of the mortar in the process of plastering the walls. Finally, it is possible to produce such blocks (1) with longitudinal central castings (6) in order to reduce the weight. It should be noted that the central outlets 6 may be square, round, triangular, or of any shape, provided that it serves the purpose of lightening the weight of the block 1. In addition, this arrangement can also be applied to solid blocks having a lower thickness while still maintaining the same technical effect and inventive concept of the present invention.

The blocks 1 may be secured together with both the mortar arranged on the base block and arranged on the block to be fitted. The joints (8) between one block and another may or may not receive mortar, as shown in figure 4.

Within the same inventive concept, there is a possible variant which, in addition to having projections (2) and longitudinal cavities (4.1) in the upper and lower part of the block, uses projections (9) and longitudinal cavities (10) arranged on the sides, as shown in figure 5. This causes the elements (1.1) to be superimposed and laterally inclusive, allowing various constructive combinations according to the desired end. Note that for this variant, the grooves (3.1), whose objectives are the same as the main model (1), are arranged only between the cavities, either on the side face or the underside, without, however, being any preventing the grooves from being arranged on all the engagement faces, provided that the minimum dimensions for engagement are respected.

With the arrangement of grooves (3.1) only between the cavities (4.1) (10), as shown in figure 5, the high attachment regions (11) and (12) allow the joining of elements (1.1) vertically and which ensures an even firmer structure. Such a structure can be seen, exemplarily, in figure 8, in which the blocks are grouped two by two, forming a double wall.

It is important to point out that the figures and description are not limited to limiting the execution of the inventive concept proposed here, but rather to illustrate and make understandable the conceptual innovations revealed in this solution. Thus, the descriptions and images are to be interpreted in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, and there may be other equivalent or analogous ways of implementing the inventive concept herein disclosed and which do not escape the protection spectrum outlined in the proposed solution.

This descriptive report was a description of a plug-in block with longitudinal projections and cavities of a specific shape, which allows, in addition to precise fitting, the control of the volume of mortar or equivalent to make the union between the blocks and also facilitate the control of the variables of level, plumb and alignment, endowed with novelty, inventive act, descriptive sufficiency, industrial application and, consequently, covered with all the essential requirements for the granted privilege.

Claims (7)

1. Nestable BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION comprising grooves (5), at least one protrusion (2) and longitudinal cavities (4), characterized in that said projections (2) are arranged on the top of the block region (1) and the longitudinal cavities (4) are arranged on the opposing face of the block (1); wherein the protrusions (2) and the longitudinal cavities (4) are trapezoidal complementary format; the upper inner angles of the longitudinal projections (2) and longitudinal cavities (4) varying from 95 ° to 160 °; the face provided with said longitudinal projections (2) comprises grooves (3); and the face provided with longitudinal cavities (4) comprises complementary grooves (3).
2. A CLEANING BLOCK FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION according to claim 1, characterized in that said trapezoidal shape has a larger base always facing the opposite side of the base of the lower face.
3. A CLEANING PACK FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION according to claim 1, characterized in that said longitudinal projections (2) and longitudinal cavities (4) consist of a male-female recess.
4. CLEANING PACK FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper inner angles of the longitudinal projections (2) and longitudinal cavities (4) vary from 110 ° to 130 °, even more preferably 120 °.
5. A CLEANING BLOCK FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a space (7) for the attachment of a fixing product.
6. A CLEANING BLOCK FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION according to claim 1 and 5, characterized in that the fixing product is mortar.
7. The invention relates to a cage construction block according to claim 1, characterized in that the projections (2) and recesses (4) are provided on all faces of said block (1).

Images